WO2012086045A1 - トルク検出装置 - Google Patents
トルク検出装置 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2012086045A1 WO2012086045A1 PCT/JP2010/073279 JP2010073279W WO2012086045A1 WO 2012086045 A1 WO2012086045 A1 WO 2012086045A1 JP 2010073279 W JP2010073279 W JP 2010073279W WO 2012086045 A1 WO2012086045 A1 WO 2012086045A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- coil
- detection
- excitation
- resolver
- signal
- Prior art date
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Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
- G01L3/00—Measuring torque, work, mechanical power, or mechanical efficiency, in general
- G01L3/02—Rotary-transmission dynamometers
- G01L3/04—Rotary-transmission dynamometers wherein the torque-transmitting element comprises a torsionally-flexible shaft
- G01L3/10—Rotary-transmission dynamometers wherein the torque-transmitting element comprises a torsionally-flexible shaft involving electric or magnetic means for indicating
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
- B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
- B62D5/00—Power-assisted or power-driven steering
- B62D5/04—Power-assisted or power-driven steering electrical, e.g. using an electric servo-motor connected to, or forming part of, the steering gear
- B62D5/0457—Power-assisted or power-driven steering electrical, e.g. using an electric servo-motor connected to, or forming part of, the steering gear characterised by control features of the drive means as such
- B62D5/0481—Power-assisted or power-driven steering electrical, e.g. using an electric servo-motor connected to, or forming part of, the steering gear characterised by control features of the drive means as such monitoring the steering system, e.g. failures
- B62D5/0484—Power-assisted or power-driven steering electrical, e.g. using an electric servo-motor connected to, or forming part of, the steering gear characterised by control features of the drive means as such monitoring the steering system, e.g. failures for reaction to failures, e.g. limp home
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
- B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
- B62D6/00—Arrangements for automatically controlling steering depending on driving conditions sensed and responded to, e.g. control circuits
- B62D6/08—Arrangements for automatically controlling steering depending on driving conditions sensed and responded to, e.g. control circuits responsive only to driver input torque
- B62D6/10—Arrangements for automatically controlling steering depending on driving conditions sensed and responded to, e.g. control circuits responsive only to driver input torque characterised by means for sensing or determining torque
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
- G01L3/00—Measuring torque, work, mechanical power, or mechanical efficiency, in general
- G01L3/02—Rotary-transmission dynamometers
- G01L3/04—Rotary-transmission dynamometers wherein the torque-transmitting element comprises a torsionally-flexible shaft
- G01L3/10—Rotary-transmission dynamometers wherein the torque-transmitting element comprises a torsionally-flexible shaft involving electric or magnetic means for indicating
- G01L3/101—Rotary-transmission dynamometers wherein the torque-transmitting element comprises a torsionally-flexible shaft involving electric or magnetic means for indicating involving magnetic or electromagnetic means
- G01L3/105—Rotary-transmission dynamometers wherein the torque-transmitting element comprises a torsionally-flexible shaft involving electric or magnetic means for indicating involving magnetic or electromagnetic means involving inductive means
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a torque detector that includes two resolvers and detects torque acting on a shaft based on a rotation angle detected by each resolver.
- an electric power steering device that applies a steering assist torque to a driver's steering operation.
- the electric power steering device detects a steering torque acting on the steering shaft by a torque detection device, calculates a target assist torque that increases as the steering torque increases, and obtains the calculated target assist torque. Feedback control of the energization amount. Therefore, in the electric power steering device, the reliability of the torque detection device is particularly required.
- the steering torque detection device calculates a steering torque proportional to the torsion angle by detecting the torsion angle of the torsion bar provided on the steering shaft.
- the torque detection device disclosed in Patent Document 1 employs a configuration that detects the twist angle of a torsion bar using two resolvers.
- a first resolver is provided on one end side of the torsion bar and a second resolver is provided on the other end side, and the rotation angle ( ⁇ 1 ) detected by the first resolver and the second resolver are detected.
- the steering torque is detected from the difference from the rotation angle ( ⁇ 2 ).
- Each resolver includes an excitation coil that is supplied with an excitation AC signal and energizes the rotor coil, and a sin phase detection coil and a cos phase detection coil that are fixed around the torsion bar.
- the sin phase detection coil and the cos phase detection coil are assembled with an electrical angle of 90 ° ( ⁇ / 2).
- the sin phase detection coil outputs an AC signal having an amplitude corresponding to the sin value of the rotation angle of the rotor
- the cos phase detection coil outputs an AC signal having an amplitude corresponding to the cos value of the rotation angle of the rotor.
- the two resolvers are connected to the ECU constituting the torque calculation unit.
- the ECU supplies an AC signal for excitation via a common excitation line to the excitation coil of the first resolver and the excitation coil of the second resolver.
- ECU inputs the output signal of each detection coil of a 1st resolver and a 2nd resolver via an independent detection line, respectively.
- the ECU calculates the rotation angle of the torsion bar at the position where each resolver is provided from the output signals of the sin phase detection coil and the cos phase detection coil in each resolver. Then, the steering torque acting on the torsion bar is detected from the difference between the two rotation angles.
- the rotation angle detected by the resolver on the side where the detection line is not disconnected is within a predetermined angle range. If so, the rotation angle is estimated using only the output signal of the normal detection line of the resolver in which the detection line is disconnected. For example, when the sin phase detection line of the first resolver (the detection line to which the sin phase detection coil is connected) is disconnected, the rotation angle detected by the second resolver is within a predetermined angle range. The rotation angle is estimated using only the output signal input from the cos phase detection line of the first resolver (the detection line to which the cos phase detection coil is connected).
- the rotation angle is obtained from the output signal of one detection line based on the condition that the mechanical angle difference between the first rotation angle ⁇ 1 and the second rotation angle ⁇ 2 is limited to a certain value or less.
- the rotation angle cannot be detected in about half of the rotation angle range of the resolver. For this reason, the steering assist based on the accurate detected value of the steering torque cannot be continued, and the steering feeling is lowered.
- the wiring is doubled to ensure redundancy when the detection line is disconnected, the configuration of the wire harness becomes complicated.
- the present invention has been made in order to cope with the above-described problem, and provides redundancy for disconnection of the detection line without complicating the wiring connecting the ECU (torque calculation unit) and the first resolver and the second resolver.
- the purpose is to improve.
- the torque detection device of the present invention is characterized in that the excitation AC signal is supplied to the first excitation coil (111) and the sin value of the rotation angle at the first axial position of the shaft (12).
- a first resolver (110) having a first sin phase detection coil (112) that outputs a voltage signal having an amplitude corresponding to the first cos phase detection coil (113) that outputs a voltage signal having an amplitude corresponding to the cos value of the rotation angle.
- a second sin phase detection coil (122) that outputs an AC signal for excitation to the second excitation coil (121) and outputs a voltage signal having an amplitude corresponding to the sin value of the rotation angle at the second axial position of the shaft.
- a first rotation angle ( ⁇ 1 ) at a first axial position of the shaft and a second rotation angle ( ⁇ 2 ) at a second axial position are set.
- a torque detection apparatus comprising: a torque calculation unit (32) that calculates and calculates a torque that works in a direction around the axis of the shaft based on the calculated first rotation angle and second rotation angle;
- the resolver unit includes a signal output unit of one of the first sin phase detection coil and the first cos phase detection coil in the first resolver, the second sin phase detection coil and the second cos phase in the second resolver. Any one of the first inter-coil resistance element (150) for electrically connecting any one of the signal output units to the detection coil, and the first sin phase detection coil and the first cos phase detection coil in the first resolver.
- a second inter-coil resistance element (160) that electrically connects the other signal output unit and the other signal output unit of the second sin phase detection coil and the second cos phase detection coil in the second resolver.
- the torque calculator supplies an excitation sine wave signal to one of the first excitation coil and the second excitation coil, and the other of the first excitation coil and the second excitation coil
- a coil drive circuit (52) for supplying an excitation cos wave signal having the same frequency as the excitation sin wave signal and a phase delayed by 90 °, the first resolver and the second resolver input via the detection lines From the synthesized signals (E s1 , E c1 , E s2 , E c2 ) obtained by synthesizing the voltage signals output from the resolver, the excitation sin wave signal components (S s1 , S c1 ) and the excitation cos wave signal components ( Separation means (S12, S32, S36, S39, S42) for separating S s2 , S c2 )
- the torque detection device of the present invention includes a resolver unit and a torque calculation unit connected to the resolver unit by electric wiring.
- the resolver unit detects a rotation angle (first rotation angle) at a first axial position of the shaft and a rotation angle (second rotation angle) at a second axial position of the shaft.
- the second resolver detects a rotation angle (first rotation angle) at a first axial position of the shaft and a rotation angle (second rotation angle) at a second axial position of the shaft.
- the first resolver includes a first excitation coil, a first sin phase detection coil, and a first cos phase detection coil.
- An excitation AC signal output from the torque calculator is supplied to the first excitation coil via the excitation line.
- the first sin phase detection coil outputs a voltage signal having an amplitude corresponding to the sin value of the first rotation angle
- the first cos phase detection coil outputs a voltage signal having an amplitude corresponding to the cos value of the first rotation angle.
- the second resolver includes a second excitation coil, a second sin phase detection coil, and a second cos phase detection coil.
- An excitation AC signal output from the torque calculation unit is supplied to the second excitation coil via the excitation line.
- the second sin phase detection coil outputs a voltage signal having an amplitude corresponding to the sin value of the second rotation angle
- the second cos phase detection coil outputs a voltage signal having an amplitude corresponding to the cos value of the second rotation angle.
- the torque calculation unit inputs a voltage signal from the signal output unit of each coil via a detection line, calculates a first rotation angle and a second rotation angle of the shaft based on the input voltage signal, and performs the first rotation. Based on the angle and the second rotation angle, a torque acting in the direction around the shaft axis is obtained by calculation.
- the rotation angle can be calculated based on, for example, an arctangent value obtained by dividing a voltage amplitude equivalent value of a signal output from the sin phase detection coil by a voltage amplitude equivalent value of a signal output from the cos phase detection coil.
- the first inter-coil resistance element and the second inter-coil resistance element are provided in the resolver unit.
- the first inter-coil resistance element includes a signal output unit of one of the first sin phase detection coil and the first cos phase detection coil in the first resolver, the second sin phase detection coil and the second cos phase detection coil in the second resolver, Any one of the signal output units is electrically connected.
- the second inter-coil resistance element includes a signal output unit of the other of the first sin phase detection coil and the first cos phase detection coil in the first resolver, a second sin phase detection coil and a second cos phase detection coil in the second resolver, The other signal output unit is electrically connected.
- a combined signal obtained by combining the voltage signal of one detection coil of the first resolver and the voltage signal of one detection coil of the second resolver is input to the torque calculation unit via the two detection lines, and the first A synthesized signal obtained by synthesizing the voltage signal of the other detection coil of the resolver and the voltage signal of the other detection coil of the second resolver is input to the torque calculation unit via another two detection lines.
- the torque calculation unit includes a coil drive circuit for independently driving the first excitation coil and the second excitation coil, and a separation unit for obtaining a voltage amplitude equivalent value of the voltage signal output from each detection coil from the combined signal And.
- the coil drive circuit supplies an excitation sine wave signal to one of the first excitation coil and the second excitation coil, and an excitation sine wave signal to either the first excitation coil or the second excitation coil.
- An excitation cosine wave signal having the same frequency and a phase delay of 90 ° is supplied. Therefore, the combined signal input to the torque calculation unit via each detection line is an excitation sin wave signal component that is a signal component generated in the detection coil by the excitation sin wave signal and a detection coil by the excitation cos wave signal. And the excitation cosine wave signal component, which is the signal component generated in step 1, is synthesized.
- the separation means inputs the combined signal output from the first resolver and the second resolver via each detection line, and separates the excitation sin wave signal component and the excitation cos wave signal component from the combined signal.
- an excitation sin wave signal component can be extracted by modulating a synthesized signal with a sin wave signal with a phase delay added, and on the contrary, a synthesized signal is modulated with a cos wave signal with a phase delay added.
- the excitation cos wave signal component can be extracted.
- two detection coils one detection coil of the first resolver and one detection coil of the second resolver, or the other detection coil of the first resolver and the other detection of the second resolver
- detection lines that form a pair detection lines that form a pair.
- the torque calculation unit uses an output signal of the detection coil corresponding to the disconnected detection line using the composite signal output from the other detection line that is paired. Ingredients can be extracted.
- the rotation angle of the first resolver and the rotation angle of the second resolver can be calculated, and the torque can be detected.
- the reliability with respect to disconnection of a detection line can be improved.
- the wiring for connecting the resolver unit and the torque calculation unit is not complicated and can be implemented at low cost.
- Another feature of the present invention resides in detecting a steering torque provided to the electric power steering device for a vehicle and input to the steering shaft (12).
- a resolver unit is provided on a steering shaft, and a resolver unit and a torque calculation unit are connected to each other via a wire harness.
- the steering torque can be detected even when the detection line constituting a part of the wire harness is disconnected. For this reason, the steering assist by the electric power steering device can be continued. Therefore, the redundancy with respect to disconnection of the electric power steering apparatus can be improved.
- first resolver and the second resolver have an electrical angle of 90 ° phase relative to the first resolver and the second resolver when no torque is applied to the shaft. It exists in being assembled
- the maximum voltage of the combined signal input to the torque calculation unit via the detection line is smaller than when the first resolver and the second resolver are assembled in the same phase.
- the resolution at the time of A / D conversion in the unit can be increased. Thereby, highly accurate torque detection can be performed.
- the resolver unit includes a signal output unit of the first sin phase detection coil, a signal output unit of the first cos phase detection coil, a signal output unit of the second sin phase detection coil, and the second cos.
- the detection line (212b, 213b, 222b, 223b) is connected to the signal output portion of the phase detection coil rather than the connection point (151, 152, 161, 162) to the first inter-coil resistance element or the second inter-coil resistance element.
- grounding resistance elements (171, 172, 173, 174) are provided on the side.
- the detection coil corresponding to the grounded detection line (the detection coil connected directly to the grounded detection line without inter-coil resistance) is provided.
- the potential at the connection point between the output signal section and the inter-coil resistance element does not become zero.
- a synthesized signal obtained by synthesizing the voltage signals of the two detection coils is output from the other detection line in the pair relationship. Therefore, the torque calculation unit can extract the signal component of the detection coil corresponding to the ground fault detection line using the composite signal output from the detection line.
- the rotation angle of the first resolver and the rotation angle of the second resolver can be calculated not only for the disconnection of the detection line but also for the ground fault, and the torque can be detected. Therefore, the redundancy with respect to the harness disconnection of the torque detector can be further improved.
- the separating means outputs the combined signal output from two signal output units electrically connected to each other via the first inter-coil resistance element or the second inter-coil resistance element. by adding the voltage value of the signal, the summed voltage value ((E s1 + E s2) , (E c1 + E c2)) the output voltage amplitude equivalent value of the detection coil in said exciting sin wave signal component from the (S s1, S c1 ) and an output voltage amplitude equivalent value (S s2 , S c2 ) of the detection coil in the excitation cosine wave signal component.
- the separation means adds the voltage value of the composite signal output from the detection line that is in a pair relationship, and the output voltage amplitude of the detection coil in the excitation sin wave signal component from the added voltage value. An equivalent value and an output voltage amplitude equivalent value of the detection coil in the excitation cos wave signal component are calculated.
- the calculated output voltage amplitude equivalent value that is, the voltage amplitude equivalent value of the signal output from the detection coil is higher than when the voltage value of the synthesized signal is not added, so that the resolution in the torque calculation unit is improved.
- good torque detection accuracy can be obtained.
- the torque calculator compensates for an effect on a rotational angle calculation value due to a difference between a temperature characteristic of an internal resistance of each detection coil and a temperature characteristic of the inter-coil resistance element.
- the compensation means is provided.
- the temperature compensation means compensates for the influence on the rotation angle calculation value due to the difference between the temperature characteristic of the internal resistance in each detection coil and the temperature characteristic of each resistance element between the coils. Thereby, according to this invention, an exact rotation angle is computable irrespective of the temperature change in a resolver unit.
- the temperature compensation means compensates for the influence of the temperature characteristics on the rotation angle calculation value by making the material of each inter-coil resistance element the same as the material of each detection coil. There is to do.
- the separation means includes: the first sin phase detection coil and the first cos phase detection coil based on two combined signals output from the first resolver or the second resolver to the torque calculation unit.
- the voltage signal components output from the second sin phase detection coil and the second cos phase detection coil are separated and extracted (S11, S12, S82, S83, S86, S87, S89, S90, S91, S92).
- the purpose is to compensate for the effect on the calculated rotation angle due to the difference in temperature characteristics.
- the first sin phase detection coil, the first cos phase detection coil, and the second sin phase detection are detected from the two combined signals output from the resolver whose detection line is not disconnected.
- the output signal components of the coil and the second cos phase detection coil are separated and extracted.
- the torque calculation unit includes phase shift compensation means for compensating for a phase shift between a voltage signal generated in each detection coil and a combined signal input to the torque calculation unit. It is in.
- the phase shift compensation means compensates for the phase shift between the voltage signal generated in each detection coil and the combined signal input to the torque calculator.
- phase shift compensation means is configured to reduce the phase shift by connecting an inductor (180, 190) in series to the first inter-coil resistance element and the second inter-coil resistance element, respectively. There is to compensate.
- an inductor is connected in series to each inter-coil resistance element. Therefore, the phase shift can be suppressed by setting the inductance of the inductor to a value for phase shift compensation. Thereby, an accurate rotation angle can be calculated.
- the torque calculation unit calculates a resistance value of each inter-coil resistance element based on a combined signal input via the detection line, and calculates the resistance value (S111). And an abnormality processing means (S112, S113, S114, S115) for performing an abnormality process when the resistance value is out of the normal range.
- the abnormality processing means activates a warning device when the calculated resistance value falls within a warning level range outside the normal range (S114), and detects that the resistance value is further outside the warning level.
- a torque detection impossible signal may be output (S115).
- the resistance value calculating means calculates the resistance value of each inter-coil resistance element based on the combined signal input via the detection line. Then, when the calculated resistance value is out of the normal range, the abnormality processing means performs an abnormality process. For example, the abnormality processing means activates the warning device when the calculated resistance value falls within the warning level range outside the normal range, and detects the torque when the resistance value enters the undetectable level further outside the warning level. An impossible signal is output.
- resolver unit electrically connects an excitation AC signal input section of the first excitation coil and an excitation AC signal input section of the second excitation coil. (230).
- the excitation AC signal is supplied from the coil drive circuit to the two excitation coils of the resolver unit via the two excitation lines.
- an excitation AC signal is supplied to the excitation coil corresponding to the disconnected excitation line via the inter-excitation coil resistance element. Therefore, even when one of the excitation lines is disconnected, the excitation AC signal is supplied to the two excitation coils.
- the rotation angle can be calculated in each resolver, and the torque can be detected.
- a common excitation AC signal is supplied to the two excitation coils, so that if a detection line disconnection abnormality occurs further from that situation, Will not be able to detect torque. Therefore, for example, the torque calculation unit is provided with an excitation line disconnection detecting means for detecting the disconnection of the excitation line and a warning means for operating a warning device when the disconnection of the excitation line is detected. It is advisable to prompt the user to replace parts before this occurs.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram of a vehicular electric power steering apparatus including a torque detection device as an embodiment.
- the electric power steering apparatus for a vehicle includes a steering mechanism 10 that steers left and right front wheels FW1 and FW that are steered wheels by steering a steering handle 11, and a power assist unit 20 that is provided in the steering mechanism 10 and generates steering assist torque. And an assist control device 50 (hereinafter referred to as an assist ECU 50) for driving and controlling the electric motor 21 of the power assist unit 20, a vehicle speed sensor 60, and a resolver unit 100.
- the steering mechanism 10 includes a steering shaft 12 connected to the steering handle 11 so as to rotate integrally with an upper end thereof, and a pinion gear 13 is connected to the lower end of the steering shaft 12 so as to rotate integrally.
- the pinion gear 13 meshes with rack teeth formed on the rack bar 14 to constitute a rack and pinion mechanism.
- Left and right front wheels FW1, FW2 are connected to both ends of the rack bar 14 via a tie rod and a knuckle arm (not shown) so as to be steerable.
- the left and right front wheels FW1 and FW2 are steered to the left and right according to the axial displacement of the rack bar 14 as the steering shaft 12 rotates about the axis.
- the power assist unit 20 is assembled to the rack bar 14.
- the power assist unit 20 includes a steering assist electric motor 21 (for example, a three-phase DC brushless motor) and a ball screw mechanism 22.
- the rotating shaft of the electric motor 21 is connected to the rack bar 14 through the ball screw mechanism 22 so as to be able to transmit power, and assists the steering of the left and right front wheels FW1, FW2 by the rotation.
- the ball screw mechanism 22 functions as a speed reducer and a rotation-linear converter, and decelerates the rotation of the electric motor 21 and converts it into a linear motion and transmits it to the rack bar 14.
- the electric motor 21 is provided with a rotation angle sensor 61 for detecting the rotation angle of the rotation shaft.
- the rotation angle sensor 61 is connected to the assist ECU 50.
- the steering shaft 12 is provided with a torsion bar 12a at an intermediate position in the axial direction.
- a portion connecting the upper end of the torsion bar 12a and the steering handle 11 is called an input shaft 12in, and a portion connecting the lower end of the torsion bar 12a and the pinion gear 13 is called an output shaft 12out.
- a resolver unit 100 is provided on the steering shaft 12.
- the resolver unit 100 includes a torsion bar 12a, a first resolver 110 assembled to the input shaft 12in, and a second resolver 120 assembled to the output shaft 12out.
- the first resolver 110 outputs a signal according to the rotation angle of the input shaft 12in (the rotation angle at one end position of the torsion bar 12a and corresponding to the first rotation angle at the first axial position of the present invention).
- the second resolver 120 outputs a signal corresponding to the rotation angle of the output shaft 12out (the rotation angle at the other end position of the torsion bar 12a and corresponding to the second rotation angle at the second axial position of the present invention). To do.
- the steering handle 11 When the steering handle 11 is turned, torque acts on the steering shaft 12 and the torsion bar 12a is twisted.
- the torsion angle of the torsion bar 12a is proportional to the steering torque acting on the steering shaft 12. Therefore, the steering torque acting on the steering shaft 12 can be detected by obtaining the difference between the rotation angle ⁇ 1 detected by the first resolver 110 and the rotation angle ⁇ 2 detected by the second resolver 120.
- the first resolver 110 and the second resolver 120 are connected to the assist ECU 50.
- the assist ECU 50 includes a calculation unit 30 including a microcomputer, a signal processing circuit, and the like, and a motor drive circuit 40 (for example, a three-phase inverter circuit) configured by a switching circuit.
- the calculation unit 30 includes an assist calculation unit 31 and a torque calculation unit 32.
- the torque calculator 32 is connected to the resolver unit 100 and detects the steering torque acting on the steering shaft 12 by calculation.
- a configuration including the resolver unit 100 and the torque calculation unit 32 corresponds to the torque detection device of the present invention.
- the resolver unit 100 and the torque calculation unit 32 will be described later.
- the motor drive circuit 40 receives the PWM control signal from the assist calculation unit 31 and controls the duty ratio of the internal switching element to adjust the energization amount to the electric motor 21.
- the motor drive circuit 40 is provided with a current sensor 41 that detects a current flowing through the electric motor 21.
- the assist calculation unit 31 is connected to a current sensor 41, a vehicle speed sensor 60, and a rotation angle sensor 61.
- the vehicle speed sensor 60 outputs a vehicle speed detection signal representing the vehicle speed vx.
- the assist calculation unit 31 inputs the calculation result of the steering torque calculated by the torque calculation unit 32.
- the torque calculation unit 32 is connected to a warning lamp 65 for notifying the driver of the abnormality, and turns on the warning lamp 65 when an abnormality such as a disconnection is detected.
- the assist calculation unit 31 acquires the vehicle speed vx detected by the vehicle speed sensor 60 and the steering torque Tr calculated by the torque calculation unit 32, and calculates the target assist torque based on the acquired vehicle speed vx and the steering torque Tr. To do.
- the target assist torque is set so as to increase as the steering torque Tr increases and to decrease as the vehicle speed vx increases with reference to an assist map (not shown).
- the assist calculation unit 31 calculates a target current required to generate the target assist torque, and calculates a PI control (proportional integral control) equation based on the deviation between the actual current detected by the current sensor 41 and the target current.
- the target command voltage is used to calculate, and a PWM control signal corresponding to the target command voltage is output to the motor drive circuit 40.
- the assist calculation unit 31 acquires the rotation angle (electrical angle) of the electric motor 21 detected by the rotation angle sensor 61, and the three-phase (U-phase, V-phase, W-phase) PWM control signal corresponding to the rotation angle.
- the three-phase drive voltage is applied to the electric motor 21 by generating
- a target current in a direction rotating in the same direction as the driver's steering direction flows through the electric motor 21 by current feedback control.
- the driver's steering operation is appropriately assisted by the torque generated by the electric motor 21.
- the steering torque Tr is detected with the following configuration.
- FIG. 2 shows a schematic circuit configuration of the resolver unit 100.
- the first resolver 110 includes an input shaft 12in as a rotor.
- a first excitation coil 111 wound along the circumferential direction of the rotor is fixedly provided on the stator on the outer peripheral side of the input shaft 12in.
- a first rotor coil 114 is fixedly provided on the input shaft 12in serving as a rotor.
- the first rotor coil 114 rotates as the rotor rotates.
- the first rotor coil 114 is electrically connected to the first excitation coil 111 in a non-contact manner via a transformer (not shown) provided in the rotor, and is energized by an AC voltage applied to the first excitation coil 111. Is done.
- the first resolver 110 includes a first sin phase detection coil 112 and a first cos phase detection coil 113 on the outer peripheral side of the input shaft 12in.
- the first sin phase detection coil 112 and the first cos phase detection coil 113 are disposed at a position where the electrical angle is shifted by 90 °.
- the first sin phase detection coil 112 and the first cos phase detection coil 113 are arranged on the rotation plane of the first rotor coil 114, and output an AC voltage signal by the magnetic flux generated by the first rotor coil 114.
- the amplitude value of the AC voltage signal generated in the first sin phase detection coil 112 and the first cos phase detection coil 113 varies depending on the rotational position of the first sin phase detection coil 112 and the first cos phase detection coil 113 with respect to the first rotor coil 114. To do.
- the first sin phase detection coil 112 outputs an AC voltage signal having an amplitude corresponding to the sin value of the rotation angle of the input shaft 12in, and the first cos phase detection coil 113 sets the cos value of the rotation angle of the input shaft 12in.
- An AC voltage signal having a corresponding amplitude is output.
- first excitation coil 111 is connected to the first excitation signal output port 50pe1 of the assist ECU 50 via the first excitation line 210.
- first excitation line 210 is provided in the resolver unit 100 in order to distinguish between a portion provided in the resolver unit 100 and a harness portion wired between the resolver unit 100 and the assist ECU 50.
- the portion is referred to as an in-unit first excitation line 210a
- the harness portion provided between the resolver unit 100 and the assist ECU 50 is referred to as an out-unit first excitation line 210b.
- the first excitation line 210a inside the unit and the first excitation line 210b outside the unit are connected by a first excitation signal input port 100pe1.
- first sin phase detection coil 112 is connected to the first sin phase signal input port 50ps1 of the assist ECU 50 via the first sin phase detection line 212.
- One end of the first cos phase detection coil 113 is connected to the first cos phase signal input port 50pc1 of the assist ECU 50 via the first cos phase detection line 213.
- the first sin phase detection line 212 and the first cos phase detection line 213 will be described by distinguishing between a portion provided in the resolver unit 100 and a harness portion wired between the resolver unit 100 and the assist ECU 50.
- the portions provided in the resolver unit 100 are referred to as an in-unit first sin phase detection line 212a and an in-unit first cos phase detection line 213a, and a harness portion provided between the resolver unit 100 and the assist ECU 50 is referred to as an out-unit first sin phase.
- the detection line 212b is referred to as an out-unit first cos phase detection line 213b.
- the first sin phase detection line 212a within the unit and the first sin phase detection line 212b outside the unit are connected at the first sin phase signal output port 100ps1.
- the first cos phase detection line 213a within the unit and the first cos phase detection line 213b outside the unit are connected at the first cos phase signal output port 100pc1.
- the second resolver 120 includes an output shaft 12out as a rotor.
- a second excitation coil 121 wound along the circumferential direction of the rotor is fixedly provided on the stator on the outer peripheral side of the output shaft 12out.
- a second rotor coil 124 is fixedly provided on the output shaft 12out serving as a rotor.
- the second rotor coil 124 rotates as the rotor rotates.
- the second rotor coil 124 is electrically connected to the second excitation coil 121 in a non-contact manner via a transformer (not shown) provided in the rotor, and is energized by an AC voltage applied to the second excitation coil 121. Is done.
- the second resolver 120 includes a second sin phase detection coil 122 and a second cos phase detection coil 123 on the outer peripheral side of the output shaft 12out.
- the second sin phase detection coil 122 and the second cos phase detection coil 123 are arranged at a position where the electrical angle is shifted by 90 °.
- the second sin phase detection coil 122 and the second cos phase detection coil 123 are arranged on the rotation plane of the second rotor coil 124 and output an alternating voltage signal by the magnetic flux generated by the second rotor coil 124.
- the amplitude value of the AC voltage signal generated in the second sin phase detection coil 122 and the second cos phase detection coil 123 varies depending on the rotational position of the second sin phase detection coil 122 and the second cos phase detection coil 123 with respect to the second rotor coil 124. To do.
- the second sin phase detection coil 122 outputs an AC voltage signal having an amplitude corresponding to the sin value of the rotation angle of the output shaft 12out, and the second cos phase detection coil 123 sets the cos value of the rotation angle of the output shaft 12out.
- An AC voltage signal having a corresponding amplitude is output.
- the second excitation line 220 is provided in the resolver unit 100 in order to distinguish between a portion provided in the resolver unit 100 and a harness portion wired between the resolver unit 100 and the assist ECU 50.
- the portion is referred to as an in-unit second excitation line 220a
- the harness portion provided between the resolver unit 100 and the assist ECU 50 is referred to as an out-unit second excitation line 220b.
- the second excitation line 220a inside the unit and the second excitation line 220b outside the unit are connected by the second excitation signal input port 100pe2.
- One end of the second sin phase detection coil 122 is connected to the second sin phase signal input port 50ps2 of the assist ECU 50 via the second sin phase detection line 222.
- One end of the second cos phase detection coil 123 is connected to the second cos phase signal input port 50pc2 of the assist ECU 50 via the second cos phase detection line 223.
- the second sin phase detection line 222 and the second cos phase detection line 223 will be described by distinguishing between a portion provided in the resolver unit 100 and a harness portion wired between the resolver unit 100 and the assist ECU 50.
- the portions provided in the resolver unit 100 are referred to as the in-unit second sin phase detection line 222a and the in-unit second cos phase detection line 223a, and the harness portion provided between the resolver unit 100 and the assist ECU 50 is defined as the second sin phase outside the unit.
- the detection line 222b and the out-unit second cos phase detection line 223b are called.
- the in-unit second sin phase detection line 222a and the out-unit second sin phase detection line 222b are connected at the second sin phase signal output port 100ps2.
- the in-unit second cos phase detection line 223a and the out-unit second cos phase detection line 223b are connected by a second cos phase signal output port 100pc2.
- the in-unit first sin phase detection line 212a and the in-unit second sin phase detection line 222a are electrically connected via the electric resistance element 150. That is, one end (signal output side) of the first sin phase detection coil 112 and one end (signal output side) of the second sin phase detection coil 122 are electrically connected by the electric resistance element 150 in the casing of the resolver unit 100. .
- the electric resistance element 150 is referred to as an inter-coil resistance 150.
- connection point between the in-unit first sin phase detection line 212a and the inter-coil resistance 150 is referred to as a connection point 151
- connection point between the in-unit second sin phase detection line 222a and the inter-coil resistance 150 is referred to as a connection point 152.
- the in-unit first cos phase detection line 213a and the in-unit second cos phase detection line 223a are electrically connected via an electric resistance element 160. That is, one end (signal output side) of the first cos phase detection coil 113 and one end (signal output side) of the second cos phase detection coil 123 are electrically connected by the electric resistance element 160 in the casing of the resolver unit 100. .
- the electric resistance element 160 is referred to as an inter-coil resistance 160.
- connection point 161 The connection point between the in-unit first cos phase detection line 213a and the inter-coil resistance 160 is referred to as a connection point 161, and the connection point between the in-unit second cos phase detection line 223a and the inter-coil resistance 160 is referred to as a connection point 162.
- One of the inter-coil resistors 150 and 160 corresponds to the first inter-coil resistor of the present invention, and the other corresponds to the second inter-coil resistor of the present invention.
- the other end of the first excitation coil 111, the other end of the second excitation coil 121, the other end of the first sin phase detection coil 112, the other end of the first cos phase detection coil 113, the other end of the second sin phase detection coil 122, The other end of the second cos phase detection coil 123 is connected to the ground port 50pg of the assist ECU 50 via a common ground line 240.
- a common ground line 240 In order to distinguish the ground line 240 from a portion provided in the resolver unit 100 and a harness portion wired between the resolver unit 100 and the assist ECU 50, the portion provided in the resolver unit 100 is described.
- a harness portion provided between the resolver unit 100 and the assist ECU 50 is referred to as an in-unit ground line 240a, and is referred to as an out-unit ground line 240b.
- the unit internal ground line 240a and the unit external ground line 240b are connected by a ground port 100pg.
- the 2 sin phase detection line 222b, the unit outside second cos phase detection line 223b, and the unit outside ground line 240b are bundled to form a wire harness.
- the torque calculation unit 32 includes a coil drive circuit 52.
- the coil drive circuit 52 includes a first excitation coil drive circuit 521 and a second excitation coil drive circuit 522.
- the first excitation coil drive circuit 521 outputs an excitation AC voltage having a constant period and amplitude from the first excitation signal output port 50pe1.
- the excitation AC voltage outputted from the first excitation signal output port 50pe1 referred to as a first excitation signal, referred to the voltage value of the first excitation signal and the first excitation voltage V 1.
- V 1 A 1 sin ( ⁇ t) (1)
- the second excitation coil drive circuit 522 uses the excitation AC voltage having the same frequency as the excitation AC voltage output from the first excitation coil drive circuit 521 and a phase delayed by 90 ° as the second excitation signal. Output from the output port 50pe2.
- the excitation AC voltage outputted from the second excitation signal output port 50pe2 called the second excitation signal, referred to the voltage value of the second excitation signal and the second excitation voltage V 2.
- Second excitation voltage V 2 when the amplitude and A 2, is expressed by the following equation (2).
- V 2 A 2 cos ( ⁇ t) (2)
- the amplitudes A 1 and A 2 of the first excitation voltage V 1 and the second excitation voltage V 2 are set according to the characteristics of the first resolver 110 and the second resolver 120.
- the assist ECU 50 stores the sine wave signal in digital form, outputs the sine wave signal to the first excitation coil drive circuit 521, and has a phase with respect to the sine wave signal.
- a sine wave signal (that is, a cosine wave signal) delayed by 90 ° is output to the second exciting coil drive circuit 522.
- Each drive circuit 521, 522 includes a D / A converter (not shown) that converts an input digital signal into an analog voltage signal, and an amplifier (not shown) that amplifies the output signal of the D / A converter.
- the excitation signal expressed by the above equation is output from the amplifier.
- the excitation signal can be generated by various other methods.
- the pulse train signal is supplied to the first excitation coil drive circuit 521, and the pulse train signal whose phase is delayed by 90 ° with respect to the pulse train signal is supplied to the second excitation coil drive circuit 522.
- each drive circuit 521, 522 may perform waveform shaping processing on the pulse train signal to output two types of sinusoidal voltages whose phases are shifted by 90 °.
- the first excitation coil drive circuit 521 and the second excitation coil drive circuit 522 are independently controlled by a command from the microcomputer in the assist ECU 50. Therefore, the assist ECU 50 can output the first excitation signal and the second excitation signal independently.
- the first excitation signal is supplied to the first excitation coil 111 of the first resolver 110 via the first excitation line 210.
- the second excitation signal is supplied to the second excitation coil 121 of the second resolver 120 via the second excitation line 220.
- the voltage value of the AC voltage signal output from the 1sin phase detection coil 112 is referred to as a first 1sin phase coil voltage e s1, the 1cos phase coil voltage to a voltage value of the AC voltage signal output from the first 1cos phase detection coil 113 e Call it c1 .
- the voltage value of the AC voltage signal output from the 2sin phase detection coil 122 is referred to as a first 2sin phase coil voltage e s2, the 2cos phase coil voltage value of the AC voltage signal output from the first 2cos phase detection coil 123 This is called voltage ec2 .
- the first sin phase coil voltage e s1 , the first cos phase coil voltage e c1 , the second sin phase coil voltage e s2 , and the second cos phase coil voltage e c2 are expressed by the following equations (3) to (6).
- ⁇ 1 is the angle of the rotor of the first resolver 110 directly connected to the input shaft 12 in
- ⁇ 2 is the angle of the rotor of the second resolver 120 directly connected to the output shaft 12 out
- ⁇ is the first resolver 110 and the second resolver 120.
- K is an axial multiple of the first resolver 110 and the second resolver 120
- ⁇ is a phase delay amount
- ⁇ is an angular frequency
- t time.
- FIG. 3 is an electric circuit diagram of the resolver unit 100 represented by using the first sin phase coil voltage e s1 , the first cos phase coil voltage e c1 , the second sin phase coil voltage e s2 , and the second cos phase coil voltage e c2 .
- the internal resistance values (output impedances) of the detection coils 112, 113, 122, and 123 are all Ra
- the resistance values of the inter-coil resistors 150 and 160 are all R0 .
- a signal output from the first sin phase signal output port 100ps1 of the resolver unit 100 that is, a signal input to the first sin phase signal input port 50ps1 of the assist ECU 50 is referred to as a first sin phase detection signal, and its voltage value is It referred to as a first 1sin phase detection voltage E s1.
- a signal output from the first cos phase signal output port 100pc1 of the resolver unit 100, that is, a signal input to the first cos phase signal input port 50pc1 of the assist ECU 50 is referred to as a first cos phase detection signal. This is referred to as 1 cos phase detection voltage E c1 .
- a signal output from the second sin phase signal output port 100ps2 of the resolver unit 100, that is, a signal input to the second sin phase signal input port 50ps2 of the assist ECU 50 is referred to as a second sin phase detection signal, and its voltage value is referred to as the second sin phase. This is called a detection voltage Es2 .
- a signal output from the second cos phase signal output port 100pc2 of the resolver unit 100, that is, a signal input to the second cos phase signal input port 50pc2 of the assist ECU 50 is referred to as a second cos phase detection signal, and its voltage value is the first value. referred to as 2cos phase detection voltage E c2.
- the first sin phase detection signal, the first cos phase detection signal, the second sin phase detection signal, and the second cos phase detection signal correspond to the combined signal in the present invention.
- the first sin phase detection voltage E s1 , the second sin phase detection voltage E s2 , the first cos phase detection voltage E c1 , and the second cos phase detection voltage E c2 are expressed by the following equations (7) to (10).
- the assist ECU 50 converts the first sin phase detection signal, the first cos phase detection signal, the second sin phase detection signal, and the second cos phase detection signal into the first sin phase detection line 212, the first cos phase detection line 213, and the second sin phase detection line 222, respectively. , Input via the second cos phase detection line 223.
- the assist ECU 50 inputs the first sin phase detection signal, the first cos phase detection signal, the second sin phase detection signal, and the second cos phase detection signal to the amplifiers 51s1, 51c1, 51s2, and 51c2, and amplifies the voltage of each detection signal with respect to the ground potential. Then, the amplified voltage signal is converted into a digital value by an A / D converter (not shown), and the digital value is input to a microcomputer to perform torque calculation processing.
- the torque calculation unit 32 in the assist ECU 50 includes a circuit that amplifies the first sin phase detection signal, the first cos phase detection signal, the second sin phase detection signal, and the second cos phase detection signal, converts them into digital signals, and inputs them to the microcomputer, and coil driving
- the circuit 52 and a functional unit that performs torque calculation processing by a microcomputer are included.
- the steering torque can be calculated if the rotation angle ⁇ 1 of the first resolver 110 (the rotation angle of the input shaft 12in) and the second resolver rotation angle ⁇ 2 (the rotation angle of the output shaft 12out) are known. Further, the rotation angle ⁇ 1 can be obtained if the value of sin (k ⁇ 1 ) and the value of cos (k ⁇ 1 ) are known, but the four detection signals input to the torque calculation unit 32 include Since the voltage component applied to the first excitation signal (A 1 sin ( ⁇ t)) and the voltage component applied to the second excitation signal (A 2 cos ( ⁇ t)) are combined, the rotation angles ⁇ 1 , ⁇ 2 cannot be obtained separately. Therefore, the voltage component related to the first excitation signal (A 1 sin ( ⁇ t)) and the voltage component related to the second excitation signal (A 2 cos ( ⁇ t)) are separated as follows.
- the torque calculator 32 detects the detection voltages E s1 , E c1 , E s2 , E c2 of the first sin phase detection signal, the first cos phase detection signal, the second sin phase detection signal, and the second cos phase detection signal in a T / N cycle.
- N is the number of samplings (an integer) per cycle.
- the torque calculation unit 32 multiplies each sampling data by a value of sin ( ⁇ t (k) + ⁇ ) or a value of cos ( ⁇ t (k) + ⁇ ) and integrates it for one cycle.
- t (k) is expressed as the following equation (15).
- the first excitation signal (A 1 sin ( ⁇ t) is obtained by modulating the first sin phase detection signal, the first cos phase detection signal, the second sin phase detection signal, and the second cos phase detection signal with the sin signal. ) from the signals and a component and the second excitation signal (a 2 cos (.omega.t)) component is synthesized, the second excitation signal (a 2 cos (.omega.t)) can be removed component.
- the first excitation signal (A 2 sin ( ⁇ t) is obtained by modulating the first sin phase detection signal, the first cos phase detection signal, the second sin phase detection signal, and the second cos phase detection signal with the cos signal. ) Components can be removed.
- the torque calculator 32 samples the detection voltages E s1 , E c1 , E s2 , and E c2 of the first sin phase detection signal, the first cos phase detection signal, the second sin phase detection signal, and the second cos phase detection signal, and detects the detected voltages.
- E s1 and E c1 are multiplied by a value of sin ( ⁇ t (k) + ⁇ ), and the multiplied values are integrated over one period.
- the detection voltages E s2 and E c2 are multiplied by a value of cos ( ⁇ t (k) + ⁇ ), and the multiplied values are integrated over one period.
- a value obtained by multiplying the first sin phase detection voltage E s1 by the sin signal is S s1
- a value obtained by multiplying the first cos phase detection voltage E c1 by the sin signal is S c1
- the second sin phase detection voltage E s2 is the value calculated product sum by cos signal and S s2, when the value calculated product sum first 2cos phase detection voltage E c2 in cos signal and S c2, S s1, S c1 , S s2, S c2 the following equation ( 18) to (21).
- the S s1, S c1, S s2 , S c2 is the 1sin phase coil voltage e s1, the 1cos phase coil voltage e c1, the 2sin phase coil voltage e s2, corresponding to the amplitude of the 2cos phase coil voltage e c2 Therefore, hereinafter, S s1 is referred to as a first sin phase amplitude, S c1 is referred to as a first cos phase amplitude, S s2 is referred to as a second sin phase amplitude, and S c2 is referred to as a second cos phase amplitude. When doing so, they are simply referred to as amplitudes S s1 , S c1 , S s2 , S c2 .
- the rotation angle ⁇ 1 of the first resolver 110 can be calculated from the first sin phase amplitude S s1 and the first cos phase amplitude S c1 as in the following equation (22).
- the rotation angle ⁇ 2 of the second resolver 120 can be calculated from the second sin phase amplitude S s2 and the second cos phase amplitude S c2 as in the following equation (23).
- the torque calculation unit 32 samples and calculates the sum of products by sampling the first sin phase detection voltage E s1 , the first cos phase detection voltage E c1 , the second sin phase detection voltage E s2 , and the second sin phase detection voltage E c2.
- one excitation signal component is removed from the combined signal obtained by combining the two excitation signals, and the first sin phase amplitude S s1 , the first cos phase amplitude S c1 , the second sin phase amplitude S s2 , and the second cos phase amplitude S c2 Is calculated.
- the combined signal obtained by combining the two excitation signals is subjected to filter processing by product-sum calculation to extract any one of the signals to calculate the amplitudes S s1 , S c1 , S s2 , S c2 .
- the rotation angle ⁇ 1 and the rotation angle ⁇ 2 are calculated by calculating an arctangent function using these amplitudes S s1 , S c1 , S s2 , and S c2 .
- the torque calculation unit 32 calculates the steering torque Tr by the following equation (24).
- Tr Kb ⁇ ( ⁇ 1 ⁇ 2 ) (24)
- Kb is a proportionality constant determined according to the torsional characteristics of the torsion bar 12a, and is stored in the microcomputer in advance.
- the unit outside first sin phase detection line 212b is disconnected.
- the first sine phase detection signal is not input to the first sine phase signal input port 50ps1 of the assist ECU 50.
- the first 2sin phase detection signal input to the 2sin phase signal input port 50Ps2 the AC voltage signal output from the first 2sin phase detection coil 122 (the second excitation signal (A 2 cos (.omega.t)) component)
- an AC voltage signal (first excitation signal (A 1 sin ( ⁇ t)) component) output from the first sin phase detection coil 112 is included.
- the AC voltage signal component output from the first sin phase detection coil 112 can be extracted using the second sin phase detection signal.
- the first sin phase amplitude S becomes a value proportional to the sin value of the rotation angle ⁇ 1 as shown in the following equation (25). s1 can be calculated.
- the first sin phase amplitude S s1 calculated in this manner is smaller than the value before the disconnection due to the influence of the voltage dividing ratio of the electrical resistance.
- the correction value m is stored in advance, By multiplying, the rotation angle ⁇ 1 can be calculated as in the following equation (26).
- S c1 of the denominator is a value obtained by multiplying the first cos phase detection voltage E c1 by sin ( ⁇ t + ⁇ ) as described above.
- the correction value m can be calculated from the partial pressure ratio and is expressed by the following equation (27).
- the rotation angle is obtained by calculating the product sum of the first cos phase detection voltage E c1 by cos ( ⁇ t + ⁇ ) as shown in the following equation (32). It is possible to calculate the first 2cos phase amplitude S c2 becomes a value proportional to the theta 2 of the cos value. Therefore, the rotation angle ⁇ 2 can be calculated as in the following equation (33).
- the torque calculation unit 32 is output from the detection line connected by the disconnected detection line and the inter-coil resistors 150 and 160. Based on the detected signal, the amplitude of the broken detection line side is calculated. That is, even if one of the detection lines connected by the inter-coil resistors 150 and 160 is disconnected, the first excitation signal (A 1 sin ( ⁇ t)) component and the second excitation are detected from the detection line that is not disconnected. The signal (A 2 cos ( ⁇ t)) component is separated and extracted, and the respective amplitudes are calculated.
- the detection line 212b, 213b, 222b even when one 223b is broken, it is possible to calculate the rotation angle theta 1 and the rotation angle theta 2, is possible to calculate the final steering torque Tr it can.
- the detection lines connected to each other by the inter-coil resistors 150 and 160 are referred to as detection lines that form a pair relationship.
- the rotation angles ⁇ 1 and ⁇ 2 can be calculated if the disconnected detection lines are not in a pair relationship. That is, in the example shown in FIG. 2, if the detection lines 212b and 213b are both disconnected or if the detection lines 222b and 223b are both disconnected, The rotation angles ⁇ 1 and ⁇ 2 can be calculated from the detection line.
- the first sin phase detection line 212 and the second sin phase detection line 222 are connected by the inter-coil resistance 150, and the first cos phase detection line 213 and the second cos phase detection line 223 are connected by the inter-coil resistance 160.
- the first sin phase detection line 212 and the second cos phase detection line 223 are connected by the inter-coil resistance 150, and the first cos phase detection line 213 and the second sin phase detection line 222 are connected.
- the structure connected by the resistance 160 between coils may be sufficient.
- any one of the two detection lines of the first resolver 110 and any one of the two detection lines of the second resolver are connected by the inter-coil resistor 150, and the other of the detection lines of the first resolver 110 and the second What is necessary is just to connect the other of the detection line of a resolver with the resistance 160 between coils.
- FIG. 6 is a flowchart showing a steering torque detection routine.
- the steering torque detection routine is stored as a control program in the ROM of the microcomputer.
- the steering torque detection routine is repeatedly executed at a predetermined short period during a period in which the ignition key is in the on state.
- the torque calculation unit 32 operates the coil drive circuit 52 together with the start of the steering torque detection routine to start outputting the first excitation signal from the first excitation signal output port 50pe1, and the second excitation signal output port 50pe2. To start the output of the second excitation signal.
- step S11 the torque calculation unit 32 reads the detection voltages E s1 , E c1 , E s2 , and E c2 .
- the torque calculation unit 32 is a sampling routine different from the steering torque detection routine, and calculates instantaneous values of the detection voltages E s1 , E c1 , E s2 , and E c2 at a sampling period of 3 or more per excitation signal period. Sampling.
- the process of step S13 is a process of reading the detection voltages E s1 , E c1 , E s2 , E c2 for one cycle (or a plurality of cycles) sampled by the sampling routine.
- step S12 the torque calculation unit 32 calculates the product sum of the detection voltages E s1 and E c1 using sin ( ⁇ t + ⁇ ) as described above, and the product sum of the detection voltages E s2 and E c2 using cos ( ⁇ t + ⁇ ). By calculating, the amplitudes S s1 , S c1 , S s2 and S c2 are calculated.
- step S13 the torque calculation unit 32 determines whether or not the detection lines 212b, 213b, 222b, and 223b are disconnected.
- the torque calculation unit 32 when the value of the sum of squares of the amplitudes S s1 and S c1 (S s1 2 + S c1 2 ) is less than the reference value Se, the out-unit first sine phase detection line 212b When it is determined that at least one of the first cos phase detection lines 213b outside the unit is disconnected and the value of the square sum of the amplitudes S s2 and S c2 (S s2 2 + S c2 2 ) is less than the reference value Se, the unit It is determined that at least one of the outer second sin phase detection line 222b and the unit outer second cos phase detection line 223b is disconnected.
- (S s2 2 + S c2 2 ) Ao 2 , (S s1 2 + S c1 2 ) ⁇ Ao 2 ,
- (S s1 2 + S c1 2 ) Ao 2 , (S s2 2 + S c2 2 ) ⁇ Ao 2 .
- the reference value Se is a set value that is set in advance in order to determine whether or not the detection lines 212b, 213b, 222b, and 223b are disconnected using such properties.
- the torque calculation unit 32 further detects the detection voltage E when (S s1 2 + S c1 2 ) is less than the reference value Se or when (S s2 2 + S c2 2 ) is less than the reference value Se. s1, based on E c1, E s2, E c2 , identifies the detected line is disconnected. If (S s1 2 + S c1 2 ) is less than the reference value Se, it is determined that the out-unit first sine phase detection line 212b is disconnected if the detection voltage E s1 is maintained at 0V. and determines that if the state where the detected voltage E c1 is maintained to 0V, and the unit outside the 1cos phase detection line 213b is broken.
- step S13 corresponds to a disconnection detection unit that identifies and detects a disconnected detection line among the four detection lines.
- the torque calculation unit 32 determines whether or not the disconnection of the detection lines 212b, 213b, 222b, and 223b is detected in the subsequent step S14, and if the disconnection is not detected, the process proceeds to step S15. If a disconnection is detected, the process proceeds to step S18.
- step S15 the torque calculation unit 32 substitutes the amplitudes S s1 , S c1 , S s2 , and S c2 into the above-described equations (22) and (23), and the rotation angle ⁇ 1 of the first resolver 110 and the second The rotation angle ⁇ 2 of the resolver 120 is calculated.
- step S16 the steering torque Tr is calculated using the above-described equation (24).
- the torque calculation unit 32 outputs a steering torque detection signal representing the calculated steering torque Tr to the assist calculation unit 31 in step S17.
- the assist calculation unit 31 calculates a target assist torque using the steering torque Tr, and outputs a PWM control signal to the motor drive circuit 40 so that a target current corresponding to the target assist torque flows to the electric motor 21. Thereby, an appropriate steering assist torque is generated from the electric motor 21.
- the torque calculator 32 turns on the warning lamp 65 of the vehicle in step S18. Thereby, it can be made to recognize that abnormality has arisen with respect to a driver.
- FIG. 7 is a flowchart showing a broken rotation angle calculation routine (subroutine) incorporated as step S30 in the steering torque detection routine of FIG.
- the torque calculation unit 32 determines whether or not the disconnected detection line is the out-unit first sin phase detection line 212b, and determines that it is the out-unit first sin phase detection line 212b.
- the product sum of the second sin phase detection voltage E s2 is calculated by sin ( ⁇ t + ⁇ ), and the first sin phase amplitude S s1 expressed by the above equation (25) is calculated.
- step S33 to calculate the rotation angle theta 1 the amplitude S s1 calculated by the amplitude S c1 and step S32 calculated in step S12 are substituted into the equation (26).
- step S34 the amplitude S s2 and amplitude S c2 calculated in step S12 to calculate the rotation angle theta 2 is substituted into the equation (23), exits the disconnection time of rotation angle calculation routine, the process To step S16 of the steering torque detection routine.
- step S35 when the detection line was disconnected is determined that the unit outside the 1cos phase detection line 213b, at step S36, the first 2cos phase detection voltage E c2 to calculate the product sum in sin ( ⁇ t + ⁇ )
- the first cos phase amplitude S c1 represented by the above equation (28) is calculated.
- step S37 to calculate the rotation angle theta 1 the amplitude S c1 computed in amplitude S s1 and step S36 calculated in step S12 are substituted into the equation (29). Subsequently, the calculation of the rotation angle theta 2 as described above in step S34.
- step S38 the if the detection line was disconnected is determined that the unit outside the 2sin phase detection line 222b, at step S39, the first 1sin phase detection voltage E s1 calculated product sum by cos ( ⁇ t + ⁇ ) Then, the second sin phase amplitude S s2 represented by the above equation (30) is calculated. Subsequently, in step S40, to calculate the rotation angle theta 2 of the amplitude S s2 calculated by the amplitude S c2 and step S39 calculated in step S12 are substituted into the equation (31).
- step S41 the amplitude S s1 and the amplitude S c1 calculated in step S12 are substituted into the above equation (22) to calculate the rotation angle ⁇ 1 , and then the disconnection rotation angle calculation routine is exited.
- the process proceeds to step S16 of the steering torque detection routine.
- step S38 If it is determined “No” in step S38, that is, if it is determined that the disconnected detection line is the second cos phase detection line 223b outside the unit, the first cos phase detection voltage E c1 is set to cos in step S42. (.omega.t + phi) calculated product sum, the calculating the first 2cos phase amplitude S c2 represented by the above formula (32). Subsequently, in step S43, to calculate the rotation angle theta 2 of the amplitude S c2 calculated amplitude S s2 and step S42 calculated in step S12 are substituted into the equation (33). Then, perform the rotation angle theta 1 of calculation as described above in step S41, and proceeds to step S16 in the steering torque detection routine.
- the steering torque detection routine is terminated. Then, the steering torque detection routine is repeated at a predetermined short cycle.
- step S13 if it is detected in step S13 that a plurality of detection lines 212b, 213b, 222b, and 223b are disconnected, the rotation angle calculation process is not performed. Then, a torque detection impossible signal is output to the assist calculation unit 31. Thereby, the assist calculation unit 31 stops the steering assist.
- the rotation angle can be calculated depending on the combination, so after determining whether the rotation angle can be calculated or not If the rotation angle can be calculated, the rotation angle may be calculated. In other words, in the case where two disconnected detection lines are in a paired relationship (when they are connected to each other by inter-coil resistance), the rotation angle cannot be calculated. You may make it calculate.
- FIG. 8 is a flowchart showing a two-wire disconnection rotation angle calculation routine.
- the routine is activated when disconnection of two detection lines is detected in step S13 of the steering torque detection routine of FIG.
- the torque calculation unit 32 determines whether or not the rotation angle can be calculated based on the combination of detection lines in which disconnection is detected in step S51.
- the detection lines 212b and 222b are both disconnected or when the detection lines 213b and 223b are both disconnected, the rotation angle cannot be calculated, and both the detection lines 212b and 213b are disconnected. If the detection lines 222b and 223b are both disconnected, the rotation angle can be calculated.
- the disconnected detection line is connected to the first outside of the unit sin phase detection line 212b and the first outside of the unit. It is determined whether or not there are two 1 cos phase detection lines 213b.
- step S53 the second sin-phase detection voltage.
- the product sum is calculated by sin ( ⁇ t + ⁇ ) of E s2 to calculate the first sin phase amplitude S s1
- the product of the second sin phase detection voltage E s2 is calculated by cos ( ⁇ t + ⁇ ) to calculate the second sin phase amplitude S s2 .
- the second cos phase detection voltage E c2 is summed and calculated by sin ( ⁇ t + ⁇ ) to calculate the first cos phase amplitude S c1 , and the second cos phase detection voltage E c2 is calculated and summed by cos ( ⁇ t + ⁇ ). calculating the 2cos phase amplitude S c2.
- step S54 the first 1sin phase detection voltage E s1 sin
- the product sum is calculated by ( ⁇ t + ⁇ ) to calculate the first sin phase amplitude S s1
- the first sin phase detection voltage E s1 is calculated to be the product sum by cos ( ⁇ t + ⁇ ) to calculate the second sin phase amplitude S s2 .
- first cos phase detection voltage E c1 is sum-of-product calculated by sin ( ⁇ t + ⁇ ) to calculate the first cos phase amplitude S c1
- first cos phase detection voltage E c1 is sum-of-product calculated by cos ( ⁇ t + ⁇ ). calculating the 2cos phase amplitude S c2.
- step S53 After calculating the amplitudes S s1 , S c1 , S s2 , S c2 in step S53 or step S54, the torque calculator 32 substitutes the amplitudes S s1 , S c1 into the above equation (22) in step S55.
- the rotation angle ⁇ 1 is calculated, and the rotation angles ⁇ 2 are calculated by substituting the amplitudes S s2 and S c2 into the above equation (23).
- step S56 the steering torque Tr is calculated using the above-described equation (24), and in step S57, a steering torque detection signal representing the calculated steering torque Tr is output to the assist calculation unit 31.
- step S51 If it is determined in step S51 that the rotation angle cannot be calculated (S51: No), a torque detection impossible signal is output to the assist calculation unit 31 in step S58. Thereby, the assist calculation unit 31 stops the steering assist.
- the output part of one detection coil 112 of the first resolver 110 and the output part of one detection coil 122 of the second resolver 120 are connected via the inter-coil resistance 150.
- the output part of the other detection coil 113 of the first resolver 110 and the output part of the other detection coil 123 of the second resolver 120 are connected via an inter-coil resistor 160.
- a first excitation line 210 for supplying an excitation signal to the first resolver 110 and a second excitation line 220 for supplying an excitation signal to the second resolver 120 are provided independently, and the first excitation line 210 is excited.
- the sine wave signal for excitation is supplied, and the cosine wave signal for excitation is supplied to the second excitation line 220.
- a combined signal obtained by combining the voltage signals generated from the two detection coils is output from each of the detection lines 212, 213, 222, and 223. Therefore, even if one detection line is disconnected, the excitation sin wave signal component and the excitation cos wave signal component are separated and extracted from the combined signal of the detection lines that are paired with the disconnected detection line. By doing so, it is possible to calculate the amplitude of the detection coil that is directly connected to the disconnected detection line.
- the torque detection device of the present embodiment even when one detection line is disconnected, the rotation angle of the first resolver 110 and the rotation angle of the second resolver 120 can be calculated, and steering is performed. Torque can be detected. For this reason, the steering assist by the electric power steering device can be continued. Therefore, the reliability of the electric power steering device is improved.
- the detection lines 212b, 213b, 222b, and 223b are respectively provided in a redundant configuration.
- the number of detection lines increases by four to a total of eight.
- the structure of a wire harness does not become complicated.
- the structure of each resolver 110,120 is hardly different from the conventional one, it can be easily implemented.
- the assembly phase of the first resolver 110 and the second resolver 120 in the resolver unit 100 is shifted by 90 ° in electrical angle in the basic embodiment.
- each resolver is assembled in the same phase. That is, when the sin phase detection coil of each resolver is viewed along the axial direction (or when the cos phase detection coil is viewed) in a state where the torsion bar is not twisted, they are assembled at a position where they coincide.
- the resolver unit 100 has an electrical angle relative to the first resolver 110 and the second resolver 120 in a state where the torsion bar 12a is not twisted. 90 ° (mechanical angle is 90 ° / k).
- the maximum voltage of the detection signal input to the amplifiers 51s1, 51c1, 51s2, and 51c2 of the assist ECU 50 becomes smaller than when assembled in the same phase, and the resolution at the time of A / D conversion in the assist ECU 50 is increased.
- Can do That is, it is possible to increase the gains of the amplifiers 51s1, 51c1, 51s2, and 51c2 and reduce the voltage per unit of decomposition. Thereby, highly accurate detection can be performed.
- the 1sin phase detection voltage E s1 can be converted to the following equation (35).
- ⁇ c is a phase determined by ⁇ 1 , ⁇ 2 and the like.
- the angle when X takes the maximum value is represented by a black circle
- the angle when X takes the minimum value is represented by a white circle.
- the resolver unit 100 has twist angle of the first resolver 110 and the second resolver 120 (twist angle of the torsion bar 12a) is mechanically limited, possible range of k- [theta 1 and k- [theta 2 is limited.
- the first resolver 110 and the second resolver 120 are assembled in the same phase (a position where the sin phase detection coils of the resolvers 110 and 120 coincide with each other in the axial direction when the torsion bar 12a is not twisted). If you are, when ⁇ the maximum torsion angle of the torsion bar 12a [theta] d (mechanical angle), the constraint expression that represents the possible range of k- [theta 1 and k- [theta 2 it can be expressed by the following equation (38).
- This restriction range When this restriction range is represented in the graph of FIG. 10, it becomes a band-like range with hatching.
- This belt-like range has a constant width with an inclination of 1.
- This range includes both the point where X is the maximum value (black circle) and the point where X is the minimum value (white circle).
- FIG. 11 shows this restricted range in k ⁇ 2 ⁇ k ⁇ 1 coordinates.
- the belt-shaped range that k ⁇ 1 and k ⁇ 2 can take does not include a point (black circle) at which X is the maximum value. Therefore, the maximum value of the detection voltage input to the assist ECU 50 can be made smaller than when the first resolver 110 and the second resolver 120 are assembled in the same phase (FIG. 10). Thereby, in the assist ECU 50, the resolution of the detection voltage can be increased, and detection with high accuracy can be performed.
- the deviation angle between the first resolver 110 and the second resolver 120 is set to 40 ° to 130 in electrical angle. If the angle is set to °, the maximum voltage suppression effect can be exhibited, but the maximum voltage can be suppressed most when the deviation angle is 90 ° in electrical angle. Therefore, in the first modification, the deviation angle is set to 90 ° in electrical angle.
- the detection (disconnection or ground fault) of the detection lines 212b, 213b, 222b, and 223b is more reliably detected.
- the detection voltage E s1 and the detection voltage E s2 are not output, and thus the detection line 212b. , 213b, 222b, 223b takes time to determine that it has failed. That is, it is necessary to wait until the steering shaft 12 rotates and one detection voltage is obtained.
- the amplitudes of the detection voltages E s1 , E c1 , E s2 , and E c2 do not become 0 V, so that the detection voltages E s1 , E c1 , E s2 , E are always present. Fault detection can be performed from c2 .
- the voltage of the detection voltage E s1 is peak-held for a certain period of time, and detection is performed if the held voltage value is less than Vmin. It may be determined that the line 212b, 213b, 222b, or 223b has failed. The time required for the failure detection may be set as the peak hold time.
- the first resolver 110 and the second resolver 120 are assembled so that the phases are shifted by 90 °.
- the in-unit first sin phase detection line 212a and the in-unit second cos phase detection line 223a are electrically connected via the inter-coil resistor 150, and the in-unit first cos phase detection line 213a and the in-unit second sin phase detection are detected.
- the line 222a is electrically connected via the inter-coil resistor 160.
- the first resolver 110 and the second resolver 120 are assembled so as to have the same phase.
- the 1sin phase detection voltage E s1 can be converted to the following equation (41).
- the maximum torsion angle of the torsion bar 12a is limited to 50 ° in electrical angle Therefore, the value is smaller than 5 (X ⁇ 5). Therefore, also in the second modification, as in the first modification, the maximum value of the detection voltage input to the assist ECU 50 can be reduced. Thereby, the resolution of the detection voltage can be increased in the assist ECU 50, and the detection can be performed with high accuracy.
- the amplitudes of the detection voltages E s1 , E c1 , E s2 , and E c2 do not become 0 V, and therefore always from the detection voltages E s1 , E c1 , E s2 , and E c2. Failure detection of the detection lines 212b, 213b, 222b, and 223b can be performed.
- a ground fault resistance unit 170 is provided in the resolver unit 100.
- This ground fault corresponding resistance unit 170 is provided with an electric resistance element 171 between the connection point 151 of the first sin phase detection line 212 with the inter-coil resistance 150 and the first sin phase signal output port 100ps1, and the first cos phase detection line 213.
- An electrical resistance element 172 is provided between the connection point 161 with the inter-coil resistance 160 and the first cos phase signal output port 100pc1, and the connection point 152 with the inter-coil resistance 150 in the second sin phase detection line 222 and the second sin phase signal.
- An electrical resistance element 173 is provided between the output port 100ps2 and an electrical resistance element 174 is provided between the connection point 162 of the second cos phase detection line 223 with the inter-coil resistance 160 and the second cos phase signal output port 100pc2. It is.
- the electric resistance values of the electric resistance elements 171, 172, 173, and 174 are all set to the same value Rb .
- the potential at the connection point with the inter-coil resistance in the grounded detection line. Does not become 0V. Therefore, the signal output from the detection line (detection line connected to the grounded detection line by the resistance between the coils) paired with the grounded detection line is the first excitation signal (A 1 sin ( ⁇ t)). ) And the voltage component applied to the second excitation signal (A 2 cos ( ⁇ t)) are combined, so that the amplitudes S s1 , S c1 , S s2 and S c2 can be obtained.
- the rotation angle ⁇ It is necessary to correct the amplitudes S s1 , S c1 , S s2 , and S c2 necessary for calculating 1 and ⁇ 2 .
- a calculation method of the rotation angles ⁇ 1 and ⁇ 2 when the out-unit second sin phase detection line 222b is grounded as shown in FIGS. 15 and 16 will be described.
- the 1sin phase detection voltage E s1 is expressed by the following equation (43).
- C1 and C2 are constants expressed as the following equations (44) and (45).
- the first sin phase amplitude S s1 obtained by multiplying the first sin phase detection voltage E s1 by sin ( ⁇ t + ⁇ ) and the first sin phase detection voltage E s1 obtained by product sum calculation by cos ( ⁇ t + ⁇ ).
- the second sin phase amplitude S s2 is expressed by the following equations (46) and (47).
- the rotation angles ⁇ 1 and ⁇ 2 can be calculated as in the following equations (48) and (49) using the correction values m1 and m2.
- the correction values m1 and m2 are constants calculated by the following equations (50) and (51).
- the first sin phase amplitude S s1 and the second sin phase amplitude S s2 are calculated from E s2 .
- the 2sin phase detection voltage E s2 is expressed by the following equation (52).
- the first sin phase amplitude S s1 obtained by multiplying the second sin phase detection voltage E s2 by sin ( ⁇ t + ⁇ ) and the second sin phase detection voltage E s2 obtained by product sum calculation by cos ( ⁇ t + ⁇ ).
- the second sin phase amplitude S s2 is expressed by the following equations (53) and (54). Accordingly, the rotation angles ⁇ 1 and ⁇ 2 can be calculated as in the following equations (55) and (56).
- a first cos phase amplitude S c1 and a second cos phase amplitude S c2 are calculated from E c2 .
- the second cos phase detection voltage E c2 is expressed by the following equation (57). Obtained by multiplying the second cos phase detection voltage E c2 by sin ( ⁇ t + ⁇ ) and calculating the sum of the first cos phase amplitudes S c1 obtained by sin ( ⁇ t + ⁇ ) and the second cos phase detection voltage E c2 by cos ( ⁇ t + ⁇ ) the 2cos phase amplitude S c2 is expressed by the following equation (58) is expressed by (59). Accordingly, the rotation angles ⁇ 1 and ⁇ 2 can be calculated as in the following equations (60) and (61).
- a first cos phase amplitude S c1 and a second cos phase amplitude S c2 are calculated from E c1 .
- the first cos phase detection voltage E c1 is expressed as the following equation (62).
- the first cos phase detection voltage E c1 is obtained by multiply-accumulating the first cos phase amplitude S c1 obtained by calculating the sum of products by sin ( ⁇ t + ⁇ ) and the first cos phase detection voltage E c1 by cos ( ⁇ t + ⁇ ).
- the 2cos phase amplitude S c2 is expressed by the following equation (63) is expressed by (64). Therefore, the rotation angles ⁇ 1 and ⁇ 2 can be calculated as in the following formulas (65) and (66).
- FIG. 17 is a flowchart showing a steering torque detection routine executed by the torque calculator 32.
- the same processing as in the basic embodiment is represented by a broken line using a common step number.
- This steering torque detection routine is obtained by adding steps S101, S102, S103, and S60 to the steering torque detection routine of the basic embodiment.
- the torque calculation unit 32 determines whether or not the detection lines 212b, 213b, 222b, and 223b are grounded in step S101 after the process of step S13.
- the sum of squares of the amplitudes S s1 and S c1 (S s1 2 + S c1 2 ) and the amplitudes S s2 and S c2 (S s2 2 + S c2 2 ) is smaller than the normal value Ao 2 ((S s1 2 + S c1 2 ) ⁇ Ao 2 , (S s2 2 + S c2 2 ). ⁇ Ao 2 ).
- the torque calculation unit 32 determines that the value of the sum of squares of the amplitudes S s1 and S c1 (S s1 2 + S c1 2 ) is less than the preset reference value Sg for ground fault determination, and Then, it is determined whether the value of the sum of squares of the amplitudes S s2 and S c2 (S s2 2 + S c2 2 ) is less than the reference value Sg.
- any of the detection lines 212b, 213b, 222b, and 223b is grounded, then based on the detection voltages E s1 , E c1 , E s2 , and E c2. Identify the detection line that has a ground fault. In this case, if the detection voltage E s1 is maintained at 0V, it is determined that the first sine phase detection line 212b outside the unit is grounded, and the detection voltage E c1 is maintained at 0V. If there is, it is determined that the out-unit first cos phase detection line 213b is grounded.
- step S101 corresponds to a ground fault detection unit that identifies and detects a ground fault detection line among the four detection lines.
- the torque calculation part 32 does not perform the calculation process of a rotation angle, and does not perform the calculation process of rotation angle, when it detects that several of the detection lines 212b, 213b, 222b, and 223b have a ground fault. In response to this, a torque detection impossible signal is output. Thereby, the assist calculation unit 31 stops the steering assist.
- step S102 the torque calculation unit 32 determines the presence or absence of a ground fault. If any of the detection lines 212b, 213b, 222b, and 223b is grounded, the torque warning unit 65 of the vehicle is set in step S103. Then, the ground angle rotation angle calculation process in step S60 is executed.
- FIG. 18 is a flowchart showing a ground fault rotation angle calculation routine (subroutine) incorporated as step S60 in the steering torque detection routine of FIG. When this routine is started, the torque calculation unit 32 determines whether or not the ground fault detection line is the out-unit first sin phase detection line 212b in step S61, and is determined to be the out-unit first sin phase detection line 212b.
- step S62 the second sin phase detection voltage E s2 is summed with sin ( ⁇ t + ⁇ ) to calculate the first sin phase amplitude S s1 , and the second sin phase detection voltage E s2 is calculated as cos ( ⁇ t + ⁇ ). To calculate the second sin phase amplitude S s2 .
- step S63 the amplitudes S c1 and S c2 calculated in step S12 and the amplitudes S s1 and S s2 calculated in step S62 are substituted into the above formulas (55) and (56) to obtain the rotation angles ⁇ 1 , ⁇ 2 is calculated, and the ground fault rotation angle calculation routine is exited, and the process proceeds to step S16 of the steering torque detection routine.
- step S65 the second cos phase detection voltage E c2 is calculated by sum ( ⁇ t + ⁇ ).
- the first cos phase amplitude S c1 is calculated, and the second cos phase amplitude S c2 is calculated by multiplying the second cos phase detection voltage E c2 by cos ( ⁇ t + ⁇ ).
- step S66 the amplitudes S s1 and S s2 calculated in step S12 and the amplitudes S c1 and S c2 calculated in step S65 are substituted into the above formulas (60) and (61) to obtain the rotation angles ⁇ 1 , ⁇ 2 is calculated, and the ground fault rotation angle calculation routine is exited, and the process proceeds to step S16 of the steering torque detection routine.
- step S67 the when the detection line ground fault is determined to be a unit outside the 2sin phase detection line 222b in step S68, the first 1sin phase detection voltage E s1 calculated product sum in sin ( ⁇ t + ⁇ ) The first sin phase amplitude S s1 is calculated, and the first sin phase detection voltage E s1 is summed with cos ( ⁇ t + ⁇ ) to calculate the second sin phase amplitude S s2 .
- step S69 the amplitudes S c1 and S c2 calculated in step S12 and the amplitudes S s1 and S s2 calculated in step S68 are substituted into the above formulas (48) and (49), so that the rotation angles ⁇ 1 , ⁇ 2 is calculated, the ground fault rotation angle calculation routine is exited, and the process proceeds to step S16 of the steering torque detection routine.
- step S67 If it is determined “No” in step S67, that is, if it is determined that the ground fault detection line is the second cos phase detection line 223b outside the unit, the first cos phase detection voltage E c1 is set in step S70.
- the sum of products is calculated by sin ( ⁇ t + ⁇ ) to calculate the first cos phase amplitude S c1
- the first cos phase detection voltage E c1 is calculated to be sum of products by cos ( ⁇ t + ⁇ ) to calculate the second cos phase amplitude S c2 .
- step S71 the amplitudes S s1 and S s2 calculated in step S12 and the amplitudes S c1 and S c2 calculated in step S70 are substituted into the above formulas (65) and (66) to obtain the rotation angles ⁇ 1 , ⁇ 2 is calculated, and the ground fault rotation angle calculation routine is exited, and the process proceeds to step S16 of the steering torque detection routine.
- the steering torque can be detected even when any of the detection lines 212b, 213b, 222b, and 223b is grounded. . Thereby, the reliability of the electric power steering apparatus is further improved.
- the assist ECU 50 performs A / D conversion on the detection voltages of the detection signals of the detection lines connected to each other by inter-coil resistance, and then calculates the detected voltage value.
- the sum of products is calculated after addition. That is, after adding the detection voltage values of the detection lines in a paired relationship, the product-sum calculation is performed on the added value.
- the A / D conversion is performed on the detection voltage E s1 of the first sin phase detection signal and the detection voltage E s2 of the second sin phase detection signal, the digital representing the detection voltages E s1 and E s2 Add the values.
- the digital values representing the detection voltages E c1 and E c2 are added.
- the first cos phase amplitude S c1 can be calculated as shown in the following equation (71), and the sum of products is calculated with cos ( ⁇ t + ⁇ ). it, as shown in the following equation (72), it is possible to calculate the first 2cos phase amplitude S c2.
- the rotation angles ⁇ 1 and ⁇ 2 can be calculated using the above equations (22) and (23) without using the correction value m.
- the calculated amplitudes S s1 , S s2 , S c1 , and S c2 can be increased by 1.5 times without changing the input range to the A / D converter. Therefore, highly accurate calculation is possible by improving the resolution. Note that, instead of the above calculation processing, if the number of times of sampling of the excitation signal is increased by 1.5 times, the same calculation accuracy can be ensured, but in this case, the calculation period of the steering torque is long. Therefore, the response is delayed, which is not preferable.
- the amplitudes S s1 , S c1 , S s2 , and S c2 are calculated using the added value of the detected voltages as described above in step S12 of the torque detection routine of FIG. Good.
- the torque calculation unit 32 performs such calculation processing while the detection line disconnection is not detected, and returns to the calculation processing of the basic embodiment described above when the detection line disconnection is detected.
- the resolver unit 100 according to the fifth modification 1 incorporates windings made of the same material as the detection coils 112, 113, 122, and 123 as inter-coil resistors 150 and 160.
- the inter-coil resistors 150 and 160 and the detection coils 112, 113, 122, and 123 are provided in a common casing of the resolver unit 100, the temperature characteristics of the resistance R0 of the inter-coil resistors 150 and 160, and the temperature characteristics of the internal resistance R a of the detecting coil 112,113,122,123 are the same. Thereby, even if the temperature in the resolver unit 100 changes, the correction value m does not change. Therefore, according to the fifth modification 1 , it is possible to calculate the accurate rotation angles ⁇ 1 and ⁇ 2 regardless of the temperature change in the resolver unit 100, and as a result, the torque detection accuracy is improved.
- ⁇ 5th modification 2> 5th modification 2 solves the subject mentioned above by changing the calculation method in assist ECU50.
- the product sum of the second sin phase detection voltage E s2 is calculated by sin ( ⁇ t + ⁇ ) to calculate the first sin phase amplitude S s1 and the second cos phase detection
- the product Ec of the voltage E c2 is calculated by cos ( ⁇ t + ⁇ ) to calculate the first cos phase amplitude S c1 .
- both the first sin phase amplitude S s1 and the first cos phase amplitude S c1 are multiplied by the correction value m. m is canceled out and the influence of temperature can be compensated.
- FIG. 19 shows a broken wire rotation angle calculation routine in the fifth modification example.
- This disconnection rotation angle calculation routine is a process executed in place of step S30 in the steering torque detection routine of the basic embodiment.
- step S81 the torque calculation unit 32 determines whether or not the disconnected detection line is the out-unit first sin phase detection line 212b, and determines that it is the out-unit first sin phase detection line 212b.
- step S82 the second sin phase detection voltage E s2 is summed with sin ( ⁇ t + ⁇ ) to calculate the first sin phase amplitude S s1 represented by the above equation (25).
- step S83 the product of the second cos phase detection voltage E c2 is calculated by sin ( ⁇ t + ⁇ ), and the first cos phase amplitude S c1 represented by the above equation (28) is calculated.
- step S84 the rotation angles ⁇ 1 are calculated by substituting the amplitudes S s1 and S c1 calculated in steps S82 and 83 into the above equation (22), and the amplitudes S s2 and S c2 calculated in step S12. Is substituted into the above equation (23) to calculate the rotation angle ⁇ 2 .
- Torque computing section 32 two rotation angle theta 1, theta when 2 of calculation is complete, exits disconnection during rotation angle calculation routine, and proceeds to step S16 in the steering torque detection routine.
- step S85 the if the detection line was disconnected is determined that the unit outside the 1cos phase detection line 213b in step S86, the first 2cos phase detection voltage E c2 to calculate the product sum in sin ( ⁇ t + ⁇ ) Then, the first cos phase amplitude S c1 represented by the above equation (28) is calculated. Subsequently, in step S87, the product sum of the second sin phase detection voltage E s2 is calculated by sin ( ⁇ t + ⁇ ) to calculate the first sin phase amplitude S s1 represented by the above equation (25).
- step S84 the amplitude S c1, S s1 calculated in step S86,87 calculate the rotation angle theta 1 is substituted into the equation (22), the amplitude S s2, S c2 calculated in step S12 Is substituted into the above equation (23) to calculate the rotation angle ⁇ 2 .
- Torque computing section 32 two rotation angle theta 1, theta when 2 of calculation is complete, exits disconnection during rotation angle calculation routine, and proceeds to step S16 in the steering torque detection routine.
- step S88 when the detection line was disconnected is determined that the unit outside the 2sin phase detection line 222b in step S89, the first 1sin phase detection voltage E s1 calculated product sum by cos ( ⁇ t + ⁇ ) Then, the second sin phase amplitude S s2 represented by the above equation (30) is calculated. Subsequently, in step S90, the first cos phase detection voltage E c1 is summed with cos ( ⁇ t + ⁇ ) to calculate the second cos phase amplitude S c2 represented by the above equation (32).
- step S84 the rotation angles ⁇ 1 are calculated by substituting the amplitudes S s1 and S c1 calculated in step S12 into the above equation (22), and the amplitudes S s2 and S c2 calculated in steps S89 and 90 are calculated. Is substituted into the above equation (23) to calculate the rotation angle ⁇ 2 .
- Torque computing section 32 two rotation angle theta 1, theta when 2 of calculation is complete, exits disconnection during rotation angle calculation routine, and proceeds to step S16 in the steering torque detection routine.
- step S91 the first cos phase detection voltage E c1 is set to cos. (.omega.t + phi) calculated product sum, the calculating the first 2cos phase amplitude S c2 represented by the above formula (32).
- step S92 the first sin phase detection voltage E s1 is summed with cos ( ⁇ t + ⁇ ) to calculate the second sin phase amplitude S s2 represented by the above equation (30).
- step S84 the rotation angles ⁇ 1 are calculated by substituting the amplitudes S s1 and S c1 calculated in step S12 into the above equation (22), and the amplitudes S c2 and S s2 calculated in steps S91 and 92 are calculated. Is substituted into the above equation (23) to calculate the rotation angle ⁇ 2 .
- Torque computing section 32 two rotation angle theta 1, theta when 2 of calculation is complete, exits disconnection during rotation angle calculation routine, and proceeds to step S16 in the steering torque detection routine.
- the fifth modification 2 when the disconnection of one detection line is detected, four detection coils are obtained from the two detection signals output from the resolver in which the detection line disconnection is not detected. Are calculated by separating the amplitudes S s1 , S c1 , S c2 , and S s2 . Therefore, the accurate rotation angles ⁇ 1 and ⁇ 2 can be calculated regardless of the temperature change in the resolver unit 100, and the torque detection accuracy is improved.
- E s2 , e c2 excitation signal components (sin ( ⁇ t + ⁇ ), cos ( ⁇ t + ⁇ )) and the phase of the detection signal input to the assist ECU 50, that is, the detection voltages E s1 , E c1 , E s2 , E
- the excitation signal component (sin ( ⁇ t + ⁇ ), cos ( ⁇ t + ⁇ )) of c2 may be out of phase. If the product-sum calculation is performed in a state where the phases are shifted, there arises a problem that accurate amplitudes S s1 , S c1 , S s2 , and S c2 cannot be calculated. Therefore, when the influence of the inductance of the detection coils 112, 113, 122, 123 is large, a countermeasure is required.
- FIG. 20 illustrates the phase shift amount ⁇ , and the waveform of sin ( ⁇ t + ⁇ + ⁇ ) shifted in phase by ⁇ with respect to sin ( ⁇ t + ⁇ ) indicated by a solid line is indicated by a broken line.
- the assist ECU 50 uses sin ( ⁇ t + ⁇ + ⁇ ) or cos ( ⁇ t + ⁇ + ⁇ ) instead of sin ( ⁇ t + ⁇ ) or cos ( ⁇ t + ⁇ ) in the product-sum calculation performed in the basic embodiment or each modified example. Multiply. As a result, even when a phase shift occurs, accurate amplitudes S s1 , S c1 , S s2 , and S c2 can be calculated, and as a result, torque detection accuracy is improved.
- the resolver unit 100 is configured by connecting inductors 180 and 190 in series with inter-coil resistors 150 and 160.
- the inductance L 0 of the inductors 180 and 190 is set to an appropriate value (a value that does not cause a phase shift) by calculation or experiment at the design stage.
- the output impedance of the detection coils 112, 113, 122, 123 and the impedance of the inter-coil resistors 150, 160 can be made equal, and the coil voltages es 1 , ec 1 , es 2 , ec 2 and the detection voltages
- the phase shift of E s1 , E c1 , E s2 , and E c2 can be eliminated. Therefore, accurate amplitudes S s1 , S c1 , S s2 , and S c2 can be calculated, and torque detection accuracy is improved.
- a is expressed by the following equation (78).
- the resistance value R 0 is expressed as the following equation (79).
- Ra is known, and a is obtained by calculating the sum of products of the sampling values of the detection voltage. Therefore, the resistance value R 0 can be obtained by calculation.
- the resistance value R 0 is the resistance value of the inter-coil resistor 150, but the resistance value R 0 of the inter-coil resistor 160 can be calculated in the same manner.
- FIG. 22 is a flowchart showing a steering torque detection routine executed by the torque calculator 32.
- the same processing as in the basic embodiment is represented by a broken line using a common step number.
- This steering torque detection routine is obtained by adding steps S111, S112, S113, S114, and S115 to the steering torque detection routine of the basic embodiment.
- the torque calculator 32 calculates the resistance values R0 of the inter-coil resistance 150 and the inter-coil resistance 160 using the above-described equations in step S111. Subsequently, in step S112, the torque calculator 32 determines whether or not the resistance value R0 of the inter-coil resistance 150 and the inter-coil resistance 160 is within an appropriate range. In this case, the torque calculator 32 calculates the magnitude (
- the reference resistance value R 00 is an appropriate design value and is set in advance.
- Torque calculation unit 32 when the resistance value R 0 of the resistance value R 0 and coil resistance between 160 of the coil between the resistor 150 is within the scope of ⁇ W1 which together around the reference resistance value R 00 are inter-coil resistance It determines with resistance value R0 of 150 and the resistance 160 between coils being appropriate, and performs the process from step S14 mentioned above.
- step S113 the resistance value R 0 of the inter-coil resistance is warned in step S113.
- the torque calculator 32 determines whether or not the resistance value difference
- This warning determination value W2 sets the boundary of the warning range, and is set in advance to a value larger than the allowable determination value W1. If it is determined in step S113 that the resistance value R0 of the inter-coil resistance is within the warning range, the torque calculator 32 turns on the warning lamp 65 of the vehicle in step S114, and the process is described above. The process proceeds to step S14.
- the torque calculation unit 32 determines whether the assist calculation unit 31 is in step S115. Output a torque detection impossible signal. Thereby, the assist calculation unit 31 stops the steering assist.
- the resistance value R0 of the inter-coil resistors 150 and 160 becomes a very large value (for example, infinite) when the inter-coil resistors 150 and 160 are disconnected, and the inter-coil resistors 150 and 160 are short-circuited (with the detection line 212a).
- the steering torque detection routine of the seventh modification described above if an abnormal resistance value of the inter-coil resistors 150 and 160 occurs, if the abnormal level is a warning level, it is abnormal for the driver. I can inform you. Further, when the abnormal level exceeds the warning level, the steering assist can be stopped. For this reason, with respect to changes in the resistance value R0 of the inter-coil resistances 150 and 160 over time, the driver can be urged to replace parts during a period in which safety is maintained without suddenly stopping the steering assist. In addition, the steering assist is immediately stopped against a sudden disconnection or short circuit of the inter-coil resistances 150 and 160, so that safety is high.
- the abnormal level is determined based on the magnitude of the resistance value difference
- the abnormal level is determined based on the magnitude (
- is equal to or smaller than the allowable determination value W1
- step S113 whether or not
- the steering assist is stopped when either of the inter-coil resistors 150 and 160 is disconnected, but the inter-coil resistors 150 and 160 are disconnected. Even in such a case, if any of the detection lines 212b, 213b, 222b, and 223b is not disconnected, the steering assist can be prevented from being stopped. In this case, the method shown in the fourth modification may be used for calculating the rotation angles ⁇ 1 and ⁇ 2 in step S15.
- the sum (E s1 + E s2 ) of the detected voltages E s1 and E s2 is obtained by multiply-accumulating the first sin phase amplitude S s1 and cos ( ⁇ t + ⁇ ) obtained by multiply-accumulating the sin ( ⁇ t + ⁇ ).
- the first cos phase amplitude S c1 and cos obtained by product-sum calculation of the added value (E c1 + E c2 ) of the detected second sin phase amplitude S s2 and the detection voltages E c1 and E c2 by sin ( ⁇ t + ⁇ )
- the rotation angles ⁇ 1 and ⁇ 2 are calculated using the second cos phase amplitude S c2 obtained by product-sum calculation with ( ⁇ t + ⁇ ).
- the influence of the disconnection of the inter-coil resistors 150 and 160 does not appear in the calculated values of the rotation angles ⁇ 1 and ⁇ 2 .
- the steering assist can be continuously executed, and the redundancy of the electric power steering apparatus can be ensured.
- the torque calculator 32 repeatedly determines whether or not the inter-coil resistors 150 and 160 are disconnected and whether or not the detection lines 212b, 213b, 222b, and 223b are disconnected. When it is detected that at least one of the detection lines 212b, 213b, 222b, and 223b is further disconnected from the disconnection situation, a torque detection impossible signal is output to the assist calculation unit 31 to stop the steering assist.
- FIG. 23 shows a configuration of a resolver unit 100 according to the eighth modification.
- This resolver unit 100 is obtained by connecting the first in-unit excitation line 210a and the second in-unit excitation line 220a with an electric resistance element 230 in the resolver unit 100 of the basic embodiment.
- the electric resistance element 230 is referred to as an inter-excitation line resistance 230, and its resistance value is Re .
- FIG. 24 is an electric circuit diagram of the resolver unit 100.
- the first cos phase detection voltage E c1 and the second cos phase detection voltage E c2 are expressed by the following equations (84) and (85). Solving this equation, the first 1cos phase coil voltage e c1 Chapter 2cos phase coil voltage e c2, the following equation (86) is expressed by (87). Accordingly, the coil voltages e s1 , e s2 , e c1 , and e c2 can be obtained by this calculation.
- the coil voltage e s1, e c1 of the first resolver 110 by calculating the product sum in sin ( ⁇ t + ⁇ ) to calculate the amplitude S s1, S c1, the coil voltage e s2, e c2 of the second resolver 120 cos (
- the sum of products is calculated by ( ⁇ t + ⁇ ), and the amplitudes S s2 and S c2 are calculated.
- the first rotation angle ⁇ 1 is calculated by substituting the amplitudes S s1 and S c1 into the above equation (22), and the second rotation is performed by substituting the amplitudes S s2 and S c2 into the above equation (23).
- the angle ⁇ 2 is calculated.
- the torque calculator 32 supplies the second excitation signal (A 2 cos ( ⁇ t)) to the first resolver 110 and the second resolver 120 when the first excitation line 210b outside the unit is disconnected. Therefore, the amplitudes S s1 , S s2 , S c1 , and S c2 are calculated by multiplying the coil voltages e s1 , e s2 , e c1 , and ec2 by cos ( ⁇ t + ⁇ ). In this case, the above calculation formula for obtaining the coil voltages e s1 , e s2 , e c1 , and ec2 does not change regardless of the disconnection of the first excitation line 210b outside the unit.
- the torque calculation unit 32 uses the above formula. coil voltage Te e s1, e s2, e c1 , e c2 is calculated, and the amplitude S s1, S s2 the coil voltage e s1, e s2, e c1 , e c2 and product-sum calculation by cos ( ⁇ t + ⁇ ), S c1 and S c2 are calculated. Then, the first rotation angle ⁇ 1 is calculated by substituting the amplitudes S s1 and S c1 into the above equation (22), and the second rotation angle is obtained by substituting the amplitudes S s2 and S c2 into the above equation (23). ⁇ 2 is calculated.
- the current flowing through the first excitation coil 111 becomes smaller than normal due to the influence of the resistance 230 between the excitation lines. Therefore, although the coil voltages e s1 and e c1 are reduced, the ratio between the coil voltage e s1 and the coil voltage e c1 is the same as that in the normal state, and thus does not affect the calculation of the rotation angle ⁇ 1 .
- the torque calculation unit 32 supplies the first excitation signal (A 1 sin ( ⁇ t)) to the first resolver 110 and the second resolver 120 when the second excitation line 220b outside the unit is disconnected. Therefore, the amplitudes S s1 , S s2 , S c1 , and S c2 are calculated by calculating the product sum of the coil voltages e s1 , es 2 , e c1 , and ec2 by sin ( ⁇ t + ⁇ ).
- the above calculation formula for obtaining the coil voltages e s1 , e s2 , e c1 , and e c2 does not change regardless of the disconnection of the second excitation line 220b outside the unit, so the torque calculation unit 32 uses the above formula.
- coil voltage Te e s1, e s2, e c1 , e c2 is calculated, and the amplitude S s1, S s2 the coil voltage e s1, e s2, e c1 , e c2 and product-sum calculation by sin ( ⁇ t + ⁇ ), S c1 and S c2 are calculated.
- the first rotation angle ⁇ 1 is calculated by substituting the amplitudes S s1 and S c1 into the above equation (22), and the second rotation angle is obtained by substituting the amplitudes S s2 and S c2 into the above equation (23).
- ⁇ 2 is calculated.
- any one of the detection lines 212b, 213b, 222b, and 223b is further disconnected in a state where the first external excitation line 210b or the second external excitation line 220b is disconnected. In this situation, the rotation angle cannot be calculated. Therefore, in the steering torque detection routine, the torque calculation unit 32 repeatedly determines whether the excitation lines 210b, 220b are disconnected and whether the detection lines 212b, 213b, 222b, 223b are disconnected, and at least one of the excitation lines 210b, 220b. When it is detected that the book is disconnected and at least one of the detection lines 212b, 213b, 222b, 223b is disconnected, a torque detection impossible signal is output to the assist calculation unit 31. To stop the steering assist.
- the torque calculation unit 32 switches to the calculation method of the basic embodiment (step S30 in FIG. 6) when any disconnection of the detection lines 212b, 213b, 222b, and 223b is detected.
- the torque calculation unit 32 includes a disconnection detection unit that detects disconnection of the excitation lines 210b and 220b.
- This disconnection detection can be performed as follows, for example.
- the ratio of ( c2 2 ) ((S s1 2 + S c1 2 ) / (S s2 2 + S c2 2 )) is decreased by a preset ratio with respect to the ratio at the normal time.
- the first reference value Z1 and the second reference value Z2 are assumed values of the ratio Z when the first outside unit excitation line 210b and the second outside unit excitation line 220b are disconnected, and are set in advance by experiment or calculation. It is stored in the memory of the assist ECU 50.
- the disconnection determination based on the ratio Z instead of the disconnection determination based on the ratio Z.
- the unit outside first excitation line 210b is determined to be disconnected, and the value of the sum of squares of the amplitudes S s2 and S c2 (S s2 2 + S c2 2 ) is in the vicinity of the reference value S f2 that is lower than the normal value. In this case, it may be determined that the second excitation line 220b outside the unit is disconnected.
- the reference values S f1 and S f2 are assumed values of the sum of squares of the amplitudes when the first outside-unit excitation line 210b and the second outside-unit excitation line 220b are disconnected, and are set in advance by experiments or calculations and are assisted by the ECU 50 Stored in the memory.
- the warning lamp 65 is turned on to notify the driver of the abnormality.
- the rotation angles ⁇ 1 and ⁇ 2 can be calculated even when either the first excitation line 210 or the second excitation line 220 is disconnected. Steering assist by the power steering device can be continued. Further, when either the first excitation line 210 or the second excitation line 220 is disconnected and any of the detection lines 212b, 213b, 222b, 223b is disconnected, the steering assist is stopped, which is safe. .
- the warning lamp 65 is lit, so that the driver can be urged to replace parts. Thereby, generation
- the torque detection device is not limited to the one provided in the vehicle electric power steering device and detects the steering torque, and may be provided in another device.
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Abstract
Description
前記レゾルバユニットは、前記第1レゾルバにおける前記第1sin相検出コイルと前記第1cos相検出コイルとのいずれか一方の信号出力部と、前記第2レゾルバにおける前記第2sin相検出コイルと前記第2cos相検出コイルとのいずれか一方の信号出力部とを電気的に接続する第1コイル間抵抗素子(150)と、前記第1レゾルバにおける前記第1sin相検出コイルと前記第1cos相検出コイルとのいずれか他方の信号出力部と、前記第2レゾルバにおける前記第2sin相検出コイルと前記第2cos相検出コイルとのいずれか他方の信号出力部とを電気的に接続する第2コイル間抵抗素子(160)とを備え、
前記トルク演算部は、前記第1励磁コイルと前記第2励磁コイルとのいずれか一方に励磁用sin波信号を供給し、前記第1励磁コイルと前記第2励磁コイルとのいずれか他方に前記励磁用sin波信号と同一の周波数で位相が90°遅れた励磁用cos波信号を供給するコイル駆動回路(52)と、前記各検出ラインを介して入力される前記第1レゾルバと前記第2レゾルバの出力する電圧信号が合成された合成信号(Es1,Ec1,Es2,Ec2)から、前記励磁用sin波信号成分(Ss1,Sc1)と前記励磁用cos波信号成分(Ss2,Sc2)とを分離する分離手段(S12,S32,S36,S39,S42)とを備えたことにある。
V1=A1sin(ωt) ・・・(1)
V2=A2cos(ωt) ・・・(2)
尚、第1励磁電圧V1および第2励磁電圧V2の振幅A1,A2は、第1レゾルバ110,第2レゾルバ120の特性に合わせて設定される。
es1=αA1sin(kθ1)・sin(ωt+φ) ・・・(3)
ec1=αA1cos(kθ1)・sin(ωt+φ) ・・・(4)
es2=αA2sin(kθ2)・cos(ωt+φ) ・・・(5)
ec2=αA2cos(kθ2)・cos(ωt+φ) ・・・(6)
ここで、θ1は入力シャフト12inに直結した第1レゾルバ110のロータの角度、θ2は出力シャフト12outに直結した第2レゾルバ120のロータの角度、αは第1レゾルバ110および第2レゾルバ120の変圧比、kは第1レゾルバ110および第2レゾルバ120の軸倍角、φは位相遅れ量、ωは角周波数、tは時間を表す。
t(k)=t0+kT/N ・・・(15)
(k=0,1,・・・,N-1)
図4は、一例として、N=4とした場合におけるサンプリングタイミングを表す。尚、Nは、3以上とする。
Tr=Kb・(θ1-θ2) ・・・(24)
ここでKbは、トーションバー12aの捩り特性に応じて決まる比例定数であり、予めマイコン内に記憶されている。
(Ss1 2+Sc1 2)=(Ss2 2+Sc2 2)=(NαA/3)2=Ao2 ・・・(34)
尚、検出コイル112,113,122,123の内部抵抗の値Raとコイル間抵抗150,160の抵抗値R0とは等しく設定されている(Ra=R0)。また、第1励磁電圧V1,第2励磁電圧V2の振幅A1,A2は、等しい値Aに設定されている(A1=A2=A)。
この第1変形例は、上記基本実施形態において、レゾルバユニット100における第1レゾルバ110と第2レゾルバ120との組み付け位相を電気角で90°ずらしたものである。一般に、トーションバーの両端にそれぞれレゾルバを組み付ける場合、各レゾルバは同位相で組み付けられる。つまり、トーションバーが捩れていない状態で、軸方向にそって各レゾルバのsin相検出コイルを見たとき(あるいはcos相検出コイルを見たとき)、それらが一致する位置に組み付けられる。
上述した変形例1においては、第1レゾルバ110と第2レゾルバ120とを位相が90°ずれるように組み付けているが、第2変形例においては、それに代えて、図12、図13に示すように、ユニット内第1sin相検出ライン212aとユニット内第2cos相検出ライン223aとを、コイル間抵抗150を介して電気的に接続し、ユニット内第1cos相検出ライン213aとユニット内第2sin相検出ライン222aとを、コイル間抵抗160を介して電気的に接続する。この場合、第1レゾルバ110と第2レゾルバ120とは、互いに同位相となるように組み付けられている。
上述した基本実施形態においては、検出ライン212b,213b,222b,223bの断線に対しては対応することができるが、検出ライン212b,213b,222b,223bの地絡(例えば、グランドライン240とのシュートによる地絡、ケーシングとのショートによる地絡)に対しては対応することができない。例えば、図14に示すように、ユニット外第2sin相検出ライン222bが地絡した場合、P点(ユニット内第2sin相検出ライン222aとコイル間抵抗150との接続点152)の電位が0Vになる。このため、アシストECU50の第1sin相信号入力ポート50ps1に入力される検出信号Es1は、第1励磁信号(A1sin(ωt))にかかる電圧成分のみの信号となってしまう。
第1レゾルバ110と第2レゾルバ120とをコイル間抵抗150,160で接続した構成においては、コイル間抵抗150,160で接続しない構成に比べて、アシストECU50に入力される第1sin相検出信号,第1cos相検出信号,第2sin相検出信号,第2cos相検出信号の検出電圧Es1,Ec1,Es2,Ec2の振幅が低下する。例えば、Ra=Rbとした場合には、検出電圧Es1,Ec1,Es2,Ec2の振幅が2/3程度に低下する。このため、アシストECU50における分解能低下が課題となる。
上述した基本実施形態においては、検出コイル112,113,122,123の内部抵抗(出力インピーダンス)Raの温度特性と、コイル間抵抗150,160の抵抗R0の温度特性が異なると、レゾルバユニット100内の温度変化によって、補正値m(=1+R0/Ra)が適正から外れてしまい、正確な回転角θ1,θ2を計算できなくなるという課題を生じる。
第5変形例1におけるレゾルバユニット100は、検出コイル112,113,122,123と同じ材料で作った巻線を、コイル間抵抗150,160として組み込んだものである。この場合、コイル間抵抗150,160と検出コイル112,113,122,123とは、レゾルバユニット100の共通のケーシング内に設けられるため、コイル間抵抗150,160の抵抗R0の温度特性と、検出コイル112,113,122,123の内部抵抗Raの温度特性とが同じになる。これにより、レゾルバユニット100内の温度が変化しても補正値mは変化しない。従って、第5変形例1によれば、レゾルバユニット100内の温度変化に関わらず、正確な回転角θ1,θ2を計算することができ、その結果、トルク検出精度が向上する。
第5変形例2は、上述した課題をアシストECU50における計算手法を変えて解決するものである。例えば、ユニット外第1sin相検出ライン212bが断線した場合には、第2sin相検出電圧Es2をsin(ωt+φ)で積和計算して第1sin相振幅Ss1を計算するとともに、第2cos相検出電圧Ec2をcos(ωt+φ)で積和計算して第1cos相振幅Sc1を計算する。このようにすると、回転角θ1の計算に際して、次式(73)に示すように、第1sin相振幅Ss1と第1cos相振幅Sc1の両方に補正値mが乗算されるため、補正値mが相殺され、温度による影響を補償することができる。
上述した基本実施形態においては、検出コイル112,113,122,123の有するインダクタンスの影響で、検出コイル112,113,122,123の出力する交流信号の位相、つまり、コイル電圧es1,ec1,es2,ec2の励磁信号成分(sin(ωt+φ),cos(ωt+φ))の位相と、アシストECU50に入力される検出信号の位相、つまり、検出電圧Es1,Ec1,Es2,Ec2の励磁信号成分(sin(ωt+φ),cos(ωt+φ))の位相がずれる場合がある。位相がずれた状態で積和計算を行うと、正確な振幅Ss1,Sc1,Ss2,Sc2を算出することができないという課題が生じる。従って、検出コイル112,113,122,123の有するインダクタンスの影響が大きい場合には、その対策が必要となる。
位相ずれ量は、インダクタンスや抵抗で決まる。そこで、第6変形例1においては、設計段階で予め位相ずれ量ψを計算や実験により求めておき、この位相ずれ量ψをアシストECU50のメモリに記憶しておく。図20は、位相ずれ量ψを説明するもので、実線で表すsin(ωt+φ)に対してψだけ位相のずれたsin(ωt+φ+ψ)の波形を破線にて表している。この第6変形例1におけるアシストECU50は、上記基本実施形態あるいは上記各変形例において行う積和計算時に、sin(ωt+φ)あるいはcos(ωt+φ)に代えて、sin(ωt+φ+ψ)あるいはcos(ωt+φ+ψ)を乗算する。これにより、位相ずれが生じている状態であっても、正確な振幅Ss1,Sc1,Ss2,Sc2を算出することができ、その結果、トルク検出精度が向上する。
第6変形例2は、図21に示すように、コイル間抵抗150,160に直列にインダクタ180,190を接続してレゾルバユニット100を構成したものである。このインダクタ180,190のインダクタンスL0は、設計段階で計算や実験により適切な値(位相ずれが発生しない値)に設定される。これによれば、検出コイル112,113,122,123の出力インピーダンスと、コイル間抵抗150,160のインピーダンスを等しくすることができ、コイル電圧es1,ec1,es2,ec2と検出電圧Es1,Ec1,Es2,Ec2の位相ずれを解消することができる。従って、正確な振幅Ss1,Sc1,Ss2,Sc2を算出することができ、トルク検出精度が向上する。
上述した基本実施形態のように、第1レゾルバ110と第2レゾルバ120とをコイル間抵抗150,160で接続した構成においては、コイル間抵抗150,160が断線したり劣化等によりその抵抗値R0が大幅に変動したりすると、レゾルバユニット100からアシストECU50に適正な電圧信号を出力することができなくなる。これにより、正確な回転角の検出を行うことができなくなる。
上述した基本実施形態および変形例においては、第1励磁ライン210あるいは第2励磁ライン220が断線した場合には、回転角θ1,θ2を計算することができず、操舵アシストを停止する必要がある。そこで、第8変形例においては、ワイヤハーネス部となるユニット外第1励磁ライン210bあるいユニット外第2励磁ライン220bが断線した場合でも、回転角θ1,θ2を計算できるようにしたものである。
a=(R0+Ra)/(R0+2Ra)とすると、第1sin相検出電圧Es1,第2sin相検出電圧Es2は次式(80),(81)にて表される。
Claims (13)
- 第1励磁コイルに励磁用交流信号が供給されてシャフトの第1軸方向位置における回転角のsin値に応じた振幅の電圧信号を出力する第1sin相検出コイルと前記回転角のcos値に応じた振幅の電圧信号を出力する第1cos相検出コイルを有する第1レゾルバと、第2励磁コイルに励磁用交流信号が供給されて前記シャフトの第2軸方向位置における回転角のsin値に応じた振幅の電圧信号を出力する第2sin相検出コイルと前記回転角のcos値に応じた振幅の電圧信号を出力する第2cos相検出コイルとを有する第2レゾルバを備えたレゾルバユニットと、
前記第1励磁コイルの励磁用交流信号入力部と前記第2励磁コイルの励磁用交流信号入力部とに対してそれぞれ独立した励磁ラインを介して励磁用交流信号を供給するとともに、前記第1sin相検出コイルの信号出力部と前記第1cos相検出コイルの信号出力部と前記第2sin相検出コイルの信号出力部と前記第2cos相検出コイルの信号出力部とからそれぞれ独立した検出ラインを介して前記電圧信号を入力して、前記電圧信号に基づいて前記シャフトの第1軸方向位置における第1回転角および第2軸方向位置における第2回転角を計算し、前記計算した第1回転角と第2回転角とに基づいて前記シャフトの軸回り方向に働くトルクを計算により求めるトルク演算部と
を備えたトルク検出装置において、
前記レゾルバユニットは、
前記第1レゾルバにおける前記第1sin相検出コイルと前記第1cos相検出コイルとのいずれか一方の信号出力部と、前記第2レゾルバにおける前記第2sin相検出コイルと前記第2cos相検出コイルとのいずれか一方の信号出力部とを電気的に接続する第1コイル間抵抗素子と、前記第1レゾルバにおける前記第1sin相検出コイルと前記第1cos相検出コイルとのいずれか他方の信号出力部と、前記第2レゾルバにおける前記第2sin相検出コイルと前記第2cos相検出コイルとのいずれか他方の信号出力部とを電気的に接続する第2コイル間抵抗素子とを備え、
前記トルク演算部は、
前記第1励磁コイルと前記第2励磁コイルとのいずれか一方に励磁用sin波信号を供給し、前記第1励磁コイルと前記第2励磁コイルとのいずれか他方に前記励磁用sin波信号と同一の周波数で位相が90°遅れた励磁用cos波信号を供給するコイル駆動回路と、
前記各検出ラインを介して入力される前記第1レゾルバと前記第2レゾルバの出力する電圧信号が合成された合成信号から、前記励磁用sin波信号成分と前記励磁用cos波信号成分とを分離する分離手段と
を備えたことを特徴とするトルク検出装置。 - 車両用電動パワーステアリング装置に設けられ、ステアリングシャフトに入力される操舵トルクを検出することを特徴とする請求項1記載のトルク検出装置。
- 前記第1レゾルバと前記第2レゾルバは、前記シャフトにトルクが働いていない状態における前記第1レゾルバと前記第2レゾルバとの相対位置が電気角で90°位相がずれるように前記シャフトに組み付けられていることを特徴とする請求項1または2記載のトルク検出装置。
- 前記レゾルバユニットには、前記第1sin相検出コイルの信号出力部と前記第1cos相検出コイルの信号出力部と前記第2sin相検出コイルの信号出力部と前記第2cos相検出コイルの信号出力部に、前記第1コイル間抵抗素子あるいは前記第2コイル間抵抗素子との接続点よりも検出ライン側に、それぞれ地絡対応用抵抗素子が介装されていること特徴とする請求項1ないし請求項3の何れか一項記載のトルク検出装置。
- 前記分離手段は、前記第1コイル間抵抗素子あるいは前記第2コイル間抵抗素子を介して互いに電気的に接続されている2つの信号出力部から出力される前記合成信号の電圧値を加算し、前記加算された電圧値から前記励磁用sin波信号成分における検出コイルの出力電圧振幅相当値と前記励磁用cos波信号成分における検出コイルの出力電圧振幅相当値とを算出することを特徴とする請求項1ないし請求項4の何れか一項記載のトルク検出装置。
- 前記トルク演算部は、前記各検出コイルにおける内部抵抗の温度特性と、前記各コイル間抵抗素子の温度特性との相違による回転角計算値に及ぼす影響を補償する温度補償手段を備えたことを特徴とする請求項1ないし請求項5の何れか一項記載のトルク検出装置。
- 前記温度補償手段は、前記各コイル間抵抗素子の材質を、前記各検出コイルの材質と同一にしたことにより、前記温度特性による回転角計算値に及ぼす影響を補償することを特徴とする請求項6記載のトルク検出装置。
- 前記分離手段は、前記第1レゾルバあるいは前記第2レゾルバが前記トルク演算部に出力する2つの合成信号から、前記第1sin相検出コイルと前記第1cos相検出コイルと前記第2sin相検出コイルと前記第2cos相検出コイルの出力する各電圧信号成分を分離して抽出することにより前記温度特性の相違による回転角計算値に及ぼす影響を補償することを特徴とする請求項6記載のトルク検出装置。
- 前記トルク演算部は、前記各検出コイルで発生する電圧信号と、前記トルク演算部に入力される合成信号との位相ずれを補償する位相ずれ補償手段を備えたことを特徴とする請求項1ないし請求項8の何れか一項記載のトルク検出装置。
- 前記位相ずれ補償手段は、前記第1コイル間抵抗素子と前記第2コイル間抵抗素子に、それぞれインダクタを直列に接続したことにより前記位相ずれを補償することを特徴とする請求項9記載のトルク検出装置。
- 前記トルク演算部は、
前記検出ラインを介して入力した合成信号に基づいて前記各コイル間抵抗素子の抵抗値を算出する抵抗値算出手段と、
前記算出された抵抗値が正常範囲から外れている場合に、異常処理を行う異常処理手段と
を備えたことを特徴とする請求項1ないし請求項10の何れか一項記載のトルク検出装置。 - 前記異常処理手段は、前記算出された抵抗値が正常範囲から外れた警告レベル範囲に入る場合に警告装置を作動させ、前記抵抗値が前記警告レベルよりも更に外れた検出不能レベルに入る場合にトルク検出不能信号を出力することを特徴とする請求項11記載のトルク検出装置。
- 前記レゾルバユニットは、前記第1励磁コイルの励磁用交流信号入力部と前記第2励磁コイルの励磁用交流信号入力部とを電気的に接続する励磁コイル間抵抗素子を備えたことを特徴とする請求項1ないし請求項12の何れか一項記載のトルク検出装置。
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EP10861151.8A EP2657667B1 (en) | 2010-12-24 | 2010-12-24 | Torque detection device |
CN201080033817.9A CN102656432B (zh) | 2010-12-24 | 2010-12-24 | 扭矩检测装置 |
JP2011548220A JP4911271B1 (ja) | 2010-12-24 | 2010-12-24 | トルク検出装置 |
US13/991,517 US8660743B2 (en) | 2010-12-24 | 2010-12-24 | Torque detection device |
PCT/JP2010/073279 WO2012086045A1 (ja) | 2010-12-24 | 2010-12-24 | トルク検出装置 |
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PCT/JP2010/073279 WO2012086045A1 (ja) | 2010-12-24 | 2010-12-24 | トルク検出装置 |
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EP (1) | EP2657667B1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP4911271B1 (ja) |
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JPWO2016030948A1 (ja) * | 2014-08-25 | 2017-06-22 | 株式会社エスジー | 回転検出装置 |
DE102015211224A1 (de) * | 2015-06-18 | 2016-12-22 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Verfahren und Schaltung zum Erkennen einer offenen Resolver-Erregerleitung |
US9824513B2 (en) * | 2016-04-14 | 2017-11-21 | United Airlines, Inc. | Method of detecting elevator tab failure |
JP2019113505A (ja) * | 2017-12-26 | 2019-07-11 | Tdk株式会社 | 演算処理装置、トルクセンサ及びパワーステアリング装置 |
JP7514599B2 (ja) * | 2018-12-21 | 2024-07-11 | 株式会社ジェイテクト | 操舵システム |
DE102019105055B4 (de) * | 2019-02-28 | 2021-07-15 | Mtu Friedrichshafen Gmbh | Motorwellenanordnung, Brennkraftmaschine |
JP7306648B2 (ja) * | 2019-03-28 | 2023-07-11 | 日立Astemo株式会社 | トルク検出装置及びパワーステアリング装置 |
JP7375713B2 (ja) * | 2020-09-16 | 2023-11-08 | 株式会社豊田自動織機 | モータ制御装置及び産業車両 |
JP7334366B2 (ja) * | 2020-12-11 | 2023-08-28 | マブチモーター株式会社 | 回転検出器の制御装置 |
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US8660743B2 (en) | 2014-02-25 |
EP2657667A1 (en) | 2013-10-30 |
EP2657667B1 (en) | 2016-03-30 |
JP4911271B1 (ja) | 2012-04-04 |
JPWO2012086045A1 (ja) | 2016-05-26 |
EP2657667A4 (en) | 2014-12-10 |
CN102656432A (zh) | 2012-09-05 |
CN102656432B (zh) | 2014-07-02 |
US20130261886A1 (en) | 2013-10-03 |
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