WO2012037774A1 - 多拷贝高效表达重组菌丝霉素的酵母菌 - Google Patents

多拷贝高效表达重组菌丝霉素的酵母菌 Download PDF

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WO2012037774A1
WO2012037774A1 PCT/CN2011/001388 CN2011001388W WO2012037774A1 WO 2012037774 A1 WO2012037774 A1 WO 2012037774A1 CN 2011001388 W CN2011001388 W CN 2011001388W WO 2012037774 A1 WO2012037774 A1 WO 2012037774A1
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gene
expression
yeast cell
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王建华
杨雅麟
张军
腾达
王少然
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中国农业科学院饲料研究所
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    • C12N15/00Mutation or genetic engineering; DNA or RNA concerning genetic engineering, vectors, e.g. plasmids, or their isolation, preparation or purification; Use of hosts therefor
    • C12N15/09Recombinant DNA-technology
    • C12N15/63Introduction of foreign genetic material using vectors; Vectors; Use of hosts therefor; Regulation of expression
    • C12N15/79Vectors or expression systems specially adapted for eukaryotic hosts
    • C12N15/80Vectors or expression systems specially adapted for eukaryotic hosts for fungi
    • C12N15/81Vectors or expression systems specially adapted for eukaryotic hosts for fungi for yeasts
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  • the invention belongs to the field of biotechnology, and particularly relates to a recombinant pistosin gene multi-copy expression vector and a preparation method thereof. Background technique
  • Plectasin is the first defensin isolated from the fungus (the saprophytic ascomycete Pseudoplectania m'g e ⁇ ) by Mygind et al. (Mygind et al., Nature, 2005, 437: 975-980).
  • the high-level structure contains an ⁇ - ⁇ model consisting of an a-helix and two antiparallel ⁇ -sheets, stabilized by three disulfide bonds (Cys4-Cys30, Cysl5-Cys37, Cysl9-Cys39).
  • Highly resistant to Gram-positive bacteria, non-cytotoxic, non-hemolytic and cerebrospinal fluid permeability has considerable potential in the treatment of Gram-positive bacteria, and is a new peptide antibiotic with therapeutic potential.
  • the invention patent application of Chinese Patent Application No. 201010115149.6 discloses a method for preparing recombinant mycelia by yeast engineering bacteria, but the method has the following disadvantages: 1) mainly for single copy integration, limited expression; 2) occurrence multiple times The probability of spontaneous exchange producing multiple copies of genes is extremely low; 3) The workload of screening multiple copies is large. Summary of the invention
  • the object of the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art, and to provide a multi-copy expression vector of recombinant bacteriocin gene and a preparation method thereof, and the method for preparing a multi-copy expression cassette of bacteriophage in vitro by using the same tail enzyme method
  • One integration can insert a plurality of expression cassettes into the yeast chromosome, effectively increasing the expression abundance of the mycelia in the yeast, and realizing its cheap production.
  • the present invention provides a yeast cell expressing a bacteriophage, wherein a structure expressing a phagemycin is integrated into a chromosome of the yeast cell, the structure
  • the construct contains 2 or more, preferably 2-16 arrays of hyphae expression cassettes, each of which comprises the following elements:)
  • the initial signal element is an alcohol oxygen dehydrogenase a strong promoter; (b) an a-factor signal peptide gene and a mycelial gene fused at its C-terminus; (c) the termination signal element is AOX.
  • the yeast cell has a linear relationship between the amount of expression of the mycelia and the amount of the mycelial gene copy in methanol.
  • the yeast cell is selected from the group consisting of Pichia pastoris, Saccharomyces cerevisiae or Hansenula. Pichia pastoris is preferred, and Pichia pastoris X-33 is more preferred.
  • the construct is derived from the pPIC-based list vector.
  • the expression vector uses pPICZaA, and the nucleotide sequence of the mycelial gene is as shown in SEQ ID NO: 1; or the amino acid sequence encoded by the nucleotide sequence thereof is encoded by SEQ ID NO.
  • the amino acid sequence has at least 70% homology; or a sequence which is capable of hybridizing under stringent conditions to the nucleotide sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO.
  • the present invention also provides a construct comprising 2 or more, preferably 2-16 tandem array expression cassettes, each of said mycelial expression cassette comprising the following elements (a) the initiation signal element is a strong promoter of alcohol oxygen dehydrogenase; (b) an alpha-factor signal peptide gene and a mycelial gene fused at its C-terminus; (c) the termination signal element is deuterium.
  • the present invention also provides a method of constructing the above construct, which comprises:
  • the single copy expression plasmid contains a complete mycelial expression cassette, wherein the expression cassette comprises:) the initiation signal element is a strong promoter of alcohol oxygen dehydrogenase; (b) an ⁇ -factor signal peptide gene and a mycelial gene fused at its C-terminus; (c) a termination signal element Why
  • the present invention further provides a method for producing a yeast cell expressing bacteriocin, which comprises transforming a yeast cell with the above construct, and integrating the construct into a yeast chromosome.
  • the present invention uses the following technical solutions, including the steps:
  • the fungal-derived myceliomycin gene is preferably a hyphamycin gene (SEQ) optimized by codon optimization in the saprophytic ascomycete Pseudoplectania nigrella (Chinese Patent Application No. 201010115149.6) ID NO. l) Nucleotide sequence.
  • SEQ hyphamycin gene
  • the expression vector is derived from a yeast expression vector.
  • the yeast expression vector is a pPIC series expression vector, and more preferably, the expression vector uses pPICZaA.
  • the single copy expression vector contains a copy of a mycelial expression cassette, and the mycelial expression cassette comprises the following elements:
  • the initial signal element is an alcohol oxygen dehydrogenase strong promoter (AOX);
  • the termination signal element is AOX (TT).
  • restriction endonuclease cleavage site was designed at the 5'-end of the mycelial gene, and the yeast Kex2 cleavage site (KR) coding sequence after Xhol restriction site was retained to secrete the post-expression signal.
  • the multicopy expression vector contains two or more, preferably 2-16, more preferably 4-16, and most preferably 4-8 hyphamycin expression cassettes arranged in tandem.
  • the single-copy expression vector pPICPlectasin of P. sinensis was digested with BglU and BamHl to obtain a complete expression cassette containing the alcohol oxidase gene promoter, ⁇ -signal peptide factor, mycelial gene, and alcohol oxidase gene terminator.
  • the sequence is used as a tandem unit, and is ligated to the expression vector pPICPlectasin which is digested with BgHI.
  • the characteristics of BglU and BamHl homologous enzymes (the sequence of the junction after the same direction is changed to make BglU and ffl unrecognizable) can be repeatedly ligated. Operation, construction of a series of psimycin multi-copy expression vectors.
  • the yeast is preferably Pichia pastoris, and the Pichia pastoris is preferably Pichia pastoris X-33.
  • the recombinant multi-copy expression vector pPICPlectasin (2n) was linearized by endonuclease Bglll, electroporated to transform Pichia pastoris X-33, and the mixture after electroporation was coated on YPDS plate containing 100 ⁇ Zeocin. , 29. C was cultured until colonies appeared, positive transformants were identified by colony PCR, and positive transformants were preserved by glycerol tubes.
  • the yeast genome extraction kit extracts the genomic DNA of each positive transformant, and designs primers and probes according to the mycelial gene sequence: FP: 5'-GAGGCTGAAGCTGGTTTTGGT-3'; RP: 5'-AATAGACTTACAATGGTTATGACATTGCA-3'; probe ( Probe ) : 5'-FAM-CCATGGGATGAAGATGA-MGB-3', a standard curve was established by linearizing the single copy expression vector pPICPlectasin as a single copy standard, and the copy number of the transformant was identified by real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR.
  • the multi-copy high expression yeast cell constructed by the invention can be used for increasing yield and reducing cost, and is suitable for large-scale production of mycelialmycin.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic representation of the recombinant picomycin single copy expression vector pPICPlectasin.
  • Figure 2 is a schematic diagram showing the construction of a multi-copy expression vector of mycelia.
  • Figure 3 is a single-copy, two-copy, four-copy, eight-copy expression vector of Bacillus subtilis BgmiBam double-digestion agarose gel electrophoresis analysis; wherein, 1 and 6 are DNA molecular weight standards; 2-5 are single copy, two Copy, four copies, eight copies 37. C enzyme digestion for 4 h.
  • Figure 4 is a real-time PCR to verify the integrated copy number of Pichia pastoris multicopy transformants; the standard curve is shown in red; each copy is shown in blue.
  • Figure 5 is a Tricine-SDS-PAGE detection of multi-copy transformants for 120 h fermentation broth supernatant; wherein, 1-4 are single-copy, two-copy, four-copy, eight-copy transformant-induced fermentation broth for 120 h Supernatant; 5 is the protein molecular weight standard.
  • Pichia pastoris X33 and pPIC series expression vectors pPICZaA used in the examples of the present invention were purchased from Invitrogen, and the plasmid extraction kit was purchased from Tiangen Biochemical Technology (Beijing) Co., Ltd. (TIANGEN), and the restriction enzymes were purchased from NEB Corporation (New England Biolabs).
  • TIANGEN Tiangen Biochemical Technology
  • NEB Corporation New England Biolabs
  • the Plectasin gene was artificially designed according to the preference of Pichia pastoris codon usage (http://www.kazusa.or.ip/codon/), and the resulting sequence is shown in SEQ ID NO.
  • a restriction endonuclease site which is not found in the Plectasin gene but has a cloning site at the vector and retains the yeast Kex2 cleavage site after the ⁇ 3 ⁇ 4oI restriction site (KR) coding sequence for cleavage of the signal peptide after secretion, obtaining recombinant Plectasin, designing the TAATAA terminator sequence and Xba I restriction site at the 3'-end of the gene, so that the termination of polypeptide expression and vector construction are designed for
  • the expressed Plectasin gene was directly synthesized by Shanghai Shenggong Bioengineering Technology Service Co., Ltd., and Xhol and Xbal were digested and cloned into X688 and Xb d double-digested expression vector pPICZaA to construct single-copy expression of recombinant myceliomycin.
  • the vector pPICPlectasin (KR)
  • a single-copy expression vector pPICPlectasin of Escherichia coli DH5a was extracted, and a pair of homologous enzyme Bg in the expression vector was used to make the amHi site to construct a recombinant multi-copy expression vector pPICPlectasin ( 2n ).
  • the expression cassette (pAOX1 and the gene of interest) contained in the Plectasin single-copy expression vector pPICPlectasin was approximately 3.6 kb.
  • the upstream and downstream flanks of the single-copy expression vector are unique g/II and awHI sites, respectively.
  • Restriction endonuclease ⁇ « ⁇ , / ⁇ is homologous enzyme
  • pPICPlectasin containing the target gene was digested with BglU and BamHl to separate the expression cassette (about 1.6 kb)
  • the linear plasmid pPICPlectasin was digested with Bglll, and the expression cassette was inserted again.
  • the linear plasmid pPICPlectasin was used to generate a tandem repeat expression cassette, and the insertion procedure was repeated to generate a series of vectors with increasing numbers of expression cassettes (Fig. 2). Transformation of Pichia pastoris with multiplicity of in vitro forms increased the expression of multiple copies of the expression cassette. Frequency of.
  • Figure 3 is constructed The Plectasin one, two, four and eight copies of the recombinant vectors were 3.6, 5.2, 8.4 and 14.8 kb, respectively, and the expression cassettes generated by double digestion with Bamm and g/II were 1.6, 3.2, 6.4 and 12.8 kb, respectively.
  • B ⁇ l linearized mycelial two-copy, four-copy, eight-copy expression vector, electroporation Pichia pastoris ⁇ -33 competent cells and positive transformants were screened.
  • the glycerol tube preserves positive transformants.
  • the identified recombinant expression vector pPICPlectasin ( 2n ) was linearized by endonuclease BglU and electroporated (1.2 KV, 25 nF, 400 ⁇ ) to treat the competent Pichia pastoris X-33. After the electric shock, add ice pre- Cold 1 M sorbitol, mix and transfer to a centrifuge tube, stand at 30 ° C for 2 h; take appropriate amount of sample coated YPDS plate (containing 100 g / mL Zeocin), 29 . (: Inverted culture until colonies appear.
  • the yeast genome extraction kit was used to extract the genomic DNA of each positive transformant, and the primers and probes were designed according to the mycelial gene sequence.
  • the copy number of the transformant was identified by real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR.
  • Probe 5'-FAM-CCATGGGATGAAGATGA-MGB-3O
  • the linearized single copy expression vector pPICPlectasin was used as a single copy standard to establish a standard curve.
  • the starting plasmid copy number was 5.16 ⁇ 10 7 , and two gradient dilutions were performed for a total of 10 gradients. Three parallel samples of each gradient were used as the standard curve for amplification.
  • Each of the extracted copy transformant genomes was diluted to 50 ng ⁇ L as a PCR template. Fluorescence quantitative PCR reaction system:
  • the P. pastoris X-33 genomic DNA of each copy was extracted and verified by real-time PCR (Fig. 4).
  • the results showed that there was a linear relationship between the Ct values of the single, two, four and eight copy transformants of the mycelia. That is, the latter always reaches the fluorescence signal threshold one cycle earlier than the former, and the slope of the whole amplification curve is -3.289, R2 is 0.992, and the amplification efficiency is 101.41%.
  • the average values of Ct values for three parallel samples from single copy to eight copies were: 32.174, 31.269, 30.019, 28.671.
  • the bacterial suspension was diluted to the same OD 6 . .
  • the value of nm was collected by centrifugation into a centrifuge tube and stored at -20 °C.
  • the results of Tricine-SDS-PAGE electrophoresis showed that the supernatant of the single-copy and four-copy recombinant strains at 120 h had a markedly thickened band at about 4.4 kDa, which was consistent with the theoretical molecular weight of hyphae, combined with gel imaging software.
  • the analysis revealed that the amount of mycelial expression of the four-copy transformants was four times that of the single-copy transformants (Fig. 5), and there was a linear relationship between the expression amount and the copy number.

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Abstract

一种多拷贝表达重组菌丝霉素的酵母菌(特别是毕赤酵母)的制备方法,所述方法包括:根据毕赤酵母密码子偏爱性,优化菌丝霉素的基因序列;将优化的基因融合在表达载体pPICZαA的α—因子信号肽C端,构建单拷贝表达载体,该载体含有由起始信号元件醇氧脱氢酶强启动子、α—因子信号肽基因及融合在其C端的菌丝霉素基因和终止信号元件等组成的菌丝霉素表达盒;利用限制性内切酶Bg/II和BamHI粘末端互补的特点,通过反复酶切、连接和转化操作,获得含菌丝霉素基因的不同拷贝串联表达盒的重组质粒,转化毕赤酵母。所述酵母在甲醇诱导下能高效分泌表达菌丝霉素。

Description

多拷贝高效表达重组菌丝霉素的酵母菌 技术领域
本发明属于生物技术领域,具体涉及重组菌丝霉素基因多拷贝表 达载体及其重组酵母的制备方法。 背景技术
菌丝霉素 (Plectasin ) 是 Mygind 等从真菌(腐生子囊菌, the saprophytic ascomycete Pseudoplectania m'g e〃 )中分离得到首例防御 素 (Mygind 等, Nature, 2005 , 437: 975-980 )„ 其高级结构包含一 个 α - β模型, 由一个 a -螺旋和两个反平行的 β -折叠组成, 由三 个二硫键稳定 (Cys4-Cys30, Cysl5-Cys37 , Cysl9-Cys39 )。 菌丝霉 素高抗革兰氏阳性菌、 无细胞毒性、 无溶血性及脑脊液渗透性好, 在 治疗革兰氏阳性菌病方面具有相当大的潜力,是具有治疗潜能的新的 肽抗生素。
釆用基因工程手段构建菌丝霉素基因工程菌,相对于化学合成和 直接从生物组织中提取的方式,具有生产工艺简单,成本低廉等优点。
中国专利申请号为 201010115149.6 的发明专利申请公开了一种 酵母工程菌制备重组菌丝霉素的方法, 但该方法存在如下不足: 1 ) 主要为单拷贝整合, 表达量有限; 2 )发生多次自发交换产生多拷贝 基因的概率极低; 3 )筛选多拷贝的工作量大。 发明内容
本发明的目的在于克服现有技术不足,提供一种重组菌丝霉素基 因多拷贝表达载体及其重组酵母的制备方法,该方法釆用同尾酶法体 外构建菌丝霉素多拷贝表达盒,一次整合即可将多个表达盒插入酵母 染色体, 有效提高菌丝霉素在酵母中的表达丰度, 实现其廉价生产。
为了实现本发明的目的,本发明提供一种表达菌丝霉素的酵母细 胞, 所述酵母细胞的染色体中整合有表达菌丝霉素的构建物, 所述构 建物含有 2个或 2个以上, 优选含有 2-16个串联排列的菌丝霉素表 达盒, 每个所述菌丝霉素表达盒包括以下元件: )起始信号元件为 醇氧脱氢酶强启动子; (b ) a-因子信号肽基因及融合在其 C端的菌丝 霉素基因; (c )终止信号元件为 AOX。
前述的表达菌丝霉素的酵母细胞,所述酵母细胞在甲醇诱导下表 达菌丝霉素, 表达量与菌丝霉素基因拷贝数之间存在线性关系。
前述的表达菌丝霉素的酵母细胞, 所述酵母细胞选自毕赤酵母、 酿酒酵母或汉逊酵母等。 优选毕赤酵母, 更优选毕赤酵母 X-33。
前述的表达菌丝霉素的酵母细胞, 所述的构建物衍生于 pPIC系 列表达载体。优选所述的表达载体釆用 pPICZaA,且菌丝霉素基因的 核苷酸序列如 SEQ ID N0.1所示;或者其核苷酸序列所编码的氨基酸 序列与 SEQ ID NO.l所编码的氨基酸序列具有至少 70%的同源性; 或者能够在严格条件下,与 SEQ ID N0.1所示的核苷酸序列杂交的序 列。
本发明还提供一种构建物, 所述构建物含有 2个或 2个以上, 优 选含有 2-16个串联排列的菌丝霉素表达盒, 每个所述菌丝霉素表达 盒包括以下元件: (a )起始信号元件为醇氧脱氢酶强启动子; ( b ) α- 因子信号肽基因及融合在其 C端的菌丝霉素基因; ( c )终止信号元件 为 ΑΟΧ。
本发明还提供上述构建物的构建方法, 其包括:
( 1 )将菌丝霉素基因定点插入包括起始信号元件、 信号肽和终 止信号元件的质粒中, 以获得单拷贝表达质粒; 所述单拷贝表达质粒 含有完整的菌丝霉素表达盒, 其中, 所述表达盒包含: )起始信号 元件为醇氧脱氢酶强启动子; ( b ) α-因子信号肽基因及融合在其 C端 的菌丝霉素基因; (c )终止信号元件为 ΑΟΧ;
( 2 )利用限制性内切酶 /II和 ^ HI粘性末端互补的特点, 通过反复酶切、连接和转化操作, 将所述菌丝霉素表达盒重复插入所 述质粒中, 从而获得含有 2个或 2个以上, 优选含有 2-16个串联排 列的菌丝霉素表达盒的构建物。
本发明进一步提供前述的表达菌丝霉素的酵母细胞的制备方法, 其是用上述构建物转化酵母细胞,使所述的构建物整合入酵母染色体 中, 即得。
具体地, 本发明釆用如下技术方案, 包括步骤:
(一) 菌丝霉素基因
所述来源于真菌的菌丝霉素基因优选自腐生子囊菌假黑盘菌 ( the saprophytic ascomycete Pseudoplectania nigrella ) (中国专利申请 号为 201010115149.6 ) 中经过密码子优化改造得到的菌丝霉素基因 ( SEQ ID NO. l )核苷酸序列。
(二) 重组菌丝霉素单拷贝表达载体的构建
所述的表达载体衍生于酵母表达载体, 优选的, 所述酵母表达载 体为 pPIC系列表达载体,更优选的,所述的表达载体釆用 pPICZaA。 所述的单拷贝表达载体含有一个拷贝的菌丝霉素表达盒,所述的菌丝 霉素表达盒包括以下元件:
( a )起始信号元件为醇氧脱氢酶强启动子(AOX );
( b ) α-因子信号肽基因及融合在其 C端的菌丝霉素基因;
( c )终止信号元件为 AOX ( TT )。
在菌丝霉素基因的 5'-端设计限制性内切酶 ^¾οΙ酶切位点, 并保 留了 Xhol酶切位点后的酵母 Kex2切割位点 (KR)编码序列, 以便分 泌表达后信号肽的切割获得重组 Plectasin,在基因 3 '-端设计 TAATAA 终止子序列及 ^ΥδαΙ酶切位点, 以便多肽表达的终止及载体构建, 由 上海生工生物工程技术服务有限公司直接合成,菌丝霉素基因片段经 Xhol和 Xbal双酶切后克隆至经相同酶切后的表达载体 pPICZaA上, 构建重组表达载体 pPICPlectasin。
(三) 重组菌丝霉素多拷贝表达载体的构建 所述的多拷贝表达载体中含有 2个或 2个以上, 优选 2-16个, 更优选 4-16个, 最优选 4-8个串联排列的菌丝霉素表达盒。
将菌丝霉素单拷贝表达载体 pPICPlectasin经 BglU和 BamHl双酶 切, 得到含有醇氧化酶基因启动子、 α-信号肽因子、 菌丝霉素基因、 醇氧化酶基因末端终止子的完整表达盒序列作为串联单元,连接到经 BgHI单酶切的表达载体 pPICPlectasin上, 利用 BglU和 BamHl同尾 酶的特性(同向连接后连接处序列发生变化使 BglU和 ffl无法识 别), 可以反复酶切连接操作, 构建获得一系列菌丝霉素多拷贝表达 载体。
(四) 重组菌丝霉素不同拷贝酵母的构建及拷贝数的鉴定 所述的酵母优选为毕赤酵母, 所述的毕赤酵母优选毕赤酵母 X-33。
重组菌丝霉素多拷贝表达载体 pPICPlectasin(2n)经内切酶 Bglll 线性化处理, 电击转化毕赤酵母 X-33 , 将电击后的混合液涂布在含 100 μ^πιΐ Zeocin的 YPDS平板上, 29。C培养至出现菌落, 经菌落 PCR鉴定阳性转化子, 甘油管保存阳性转化子。酵母基因组提取试剂 盒提取各阳性转化子基因组 DNA, 并根据菌丝霉素基因序列设计引 物 和 探 针 : FP: 5'-GAGGCTGAAGCTGGTTTTGGT-3'; RP: 5'-AATAGACTTACAATGGTTATGACATTGCA-3'; 探针 ( Probe ) : 5'-FAM-CCATGGGATGAAGATGA-MGB-3', 以线性化单拷贝表达载 体 pPICPlectasin 作为单拷贝标准品建立标准曲线, 实时荧光定量 PCR鉴定转化子的拷贝数。
(五) 重组菌丝霉素不同拷贝酵母的诱导表达
将含不同菌丝霉素基因拷贝数的重组酵母接种在 BMGY中, 振 荡培养使菌增殖至 OD6Q()nm=5-6,离心收集菌体,将菌体重悬在 BMMY 中, 使其 OD6。。nm值达到 1.0, 在 29 °C下进行甲醇诱导。 每隔 24小 时补加甲醇至甲醇终浓度为 0.5%, 在摇瓶水平比较重组菌丝霉素不 同拷贝酵母的表达量,发现菌丝霉素单拷贝和四拷贝转化子拷贝数与 表达量存在线性关系。
本发明所构建的多拷贝高表达酵母细胞可用于提高产量、降低成 本, 适于菌丝霉素的规模化生产。
通过附图和实施例对本发明具体实施方式进行说明。 应理解, 以 下实施例仅用于说明本发明而非用于限定本发明的范围。 附图说明
图 1是重组菌丝霉素单拷贝表达载体 pPICPlectasin示意图。 图 2是菌丝霉素多拷贝表达载体构建示意图。
图 3 是菌丝霉素单拷贝、 二拷贝、 四拷贝、 八拷贝表达载体 BgmiBam 双酶切琼脂糖凝胶电泳分析; 其中, 1和 6为 DNA分子 量标准; 2-5分别为单拷贝、 二拷贝、 四拷贝、 八拷贝 37。C酶切 4 h。
图 4是实时荧光定量 PCR验证毕赤酵母菌丝霉素多拷贝转化子 整合拷贝数; 标准曲线用红色表示; 各拷贝样品用蓝色表示。
图 5是 Tricine-SDS-PAGE检测多拷贝转化子 120 h发酵液上清; 其中, 1-4分别为菌丝霉素单拷贝、 二拷贝、 四拷贝、 八拷贝转化子 诱导 120 h的发酵液上清; 5为蛋白分子量标准。 具体实施方式
下列实施例中未注明具体条件的实验方法, 通常按照常规条件, 如"分子克隆:实验室手册"(New York: Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press, 1989 )及"精编分子生物学实验指南"(美/ F.奥斯伯等著, 颜子 颖等译, 北京, 科学出版社, 1998 )中所述的条件或者制造商建议的 条件进行或配置。
本发明的实施例中使用的毕赤酵母 X33 及 pPIC 系列表达载体 pPICZaA均购自 Invitrogen公司, 质粒提取试剂盒购自天根生化科技 (北京)有限公司 (TIANGEN ), 限制性内切酶购自 NEB公司 (New England Biolabs)。 实施例 1 菌丝雾素基因工程菌的构建
1.1 基于酵母偏爱密码子设计 Plectasin基因
根据巴斯德毕赤酵母 ( Pichia pastoris ) 密码子使用的偏爱性 ( http://www.kazusa.or.ip/codon/ )人工设计 Plectasin基因, 所得序列 如 SEQ ID NO. l所示。
1.2 重组菌丝霉素单拷贝表达载体的构建
在 Plectasin基因的 5'-端设计了 Plectasin基因中不具备但载体多 克隆位点上具有的限制性内切酶 酶切位点,并保留了 ^¾oI酶切 位点后的酵母 Kex2切割位点 (KR)编码序列, 以便分泌表达后信号肽 的切割, 获得重组 Plectasin, 在基因 3'-端设计 TAATAA终止子序列 及 Xba I酶切位点, 以便多肽表达的终止及载体构建所设计用于表达 的 Plectasin基因, 由上海生工生物工程技术服务有限公司直接合成, Xhol 和 Xbal 双酶切后克隆至 Xhol 和 Xb d 双酶切后的表达载体 pPICZaA上,构建重组菌丝霉素单拷贝表达载体 pPICPlectasin(图 1 ), 测序正确后转化并保存在大肠杆菌 DH5ct中。
1.3 重组菌丝霉素多拷贝表达载体的构建
提取大肠杆菌 DH5a 中重组菌丝霉素单拷贝表达载体 pPICPlectasin, 利用表达载体存在的一对同尾酶 Bg讓 amHi位点来 构建重组菌丝霉素多拷贝表达载体 pPICPlectasin ( 2n ) 。
Plectasin单拷贝表达载体 pPICPlectasin中含有的表达盒( pAOXl 及目的基因), 约 3.6 kb。 单拷贝表达载体上下游侧翼分别为独个的 g/II及 awHI位点。 限制性内切酶 α «ΗΙ、 /Π为同尾酶, 含目的 基因的 pPICPlectasin用 BglU及 BamHl消化分离表达盒(约 1.6 kb ), 用 Bglll单酶切获得线性质粒 pPICPlectasin, 将表达盒再插入线性质 粒 pPICPlectasin 以产生串联重复表达盒, 重复该插入程序可产生一 系列逐渐增加数目表达盒的载体(图 2 ), 用体外形成的多拷贝子转 化毕赤酵母增加了多拷贝表达盒重组子出现的频率。 图 3 为构建的 Plectasin一、二、四和八拷贝重组载体,分别为 3.6、 5.2、 8.4和 14.8kb, 经 Bamm、 g/II双酶切后产生的表达盒分别为 1.6、 3.2、 6.4和 12.8 kb。
1.4菌丝霉素各拷贝表达载体转化筛选及拷贝数鉴定
B≠l 线性化菌丝霉素二拷贝、 四拷贝、 八拷贝表达载体, 电转 化毕赤酵母 Χ-33感受态细胞及阳性转化子的筛选。 甘油管保存阳性 转化子。
将鉴定的重组表达载体 pPICPlectasin ( 2n )经内切酶 BglU线性 化处理, 电击转化(1.2 KV, 25 nF, 400 Ω )处理好的感受态毕赤酵 母 X-33, 电击结束后, 加入冰预冷的 1 M山梨醇, 混匀后转入离心 管中, 30 °C静止 2 h;取适量样品涂 YPDS平板(含 100 g/mL Zeocin ), 29。(:倒置培养至出现菌落。
根据优化的菌丝霉素基因序列设计上下游引物:
F 1: 5 '-GTTTTGGTTGTAACGGTCCATGGGATGAAGATGATATGCA-3'; R1: 5'-ACCACCCTTAGCACAGTAACCACCCTTGTAACCCTTAATA-3'. 煮冻煮菌落 PCR法检测转化子。琼脂糖凝胶( 1% )电泳检测 PCR 结果, 甘油管保存阳性转化子。
酵母基因组提取试剂盒提取各阳性转化子基因组 DNA, 并根据 菌丝霉素基因序列设计引物和探针如下, 实时荧光定量 PCR鉴定转 化子的拷贝数。
FP: 5'-GAGGCTGAAGCTGGTTTTGGT-3';
RP: 5'-AATAGACTTACAATGGTTATGACATTGCA-3';
探针 (Probe ) :5'-FAM- CCATGGGATGAAGATGA-MGB-3O 线性化单拷贝表达载体 pPICPlectasin作为单拷贝标准品建立标 准曲线。 起始质粒拷贝数为 5.16χ107, 进行两倍梯度稀释, 共 10个 梯度, 每个梯度三个平行样品作为扩增的标准曲线。 将提取的各拷贝 转化子基因组稀释成 50 ng^L作为 PCR模板。 荧光定量 PCR反应体系:
模板 1.5 μΐ
2xMix 7.5 μL
ROX 0.3
Figure imgf000009_0001
RP (200 nM) 0.3 i
探针 (250 nM) 0.36 ΐ, ddH20 4.74
总计 15
循环参数:
启动 50°C 2 min
预变性 95°C 5 min
变性 95°C
循环 40次
退火延伸 60°C
Figure imgf000009_0002
提取各拷贝转化子的毕赤酵母 X-33基因组 DNA进行荧光定量 PCR验证(图 4 ), 结果发现菌丝霉素单拷贝、 二拷贝、 四拷贝和八 拷贝转化子的 Ct值存在线性关系, 即后者总比前者早一个循环达到 荧光信号阈值, 整个扩增曲线斜率为 -3.289, R2为 0.992, 扩增效率 为 101.41%。 其中单拷贝至八拷贝三个平行样品 Ct值的平均值分别 为: 32.174、 31.269、 30.019、 28.671。
实施例 2 重组菌丝零素的诱导表达
1%的接种量接种鉴定正确的菌丝霉素二拷贝、 四拷贝、 八拷贝 转化子至 10 mL BMGY培养基中, 30 °C, 250 rpm摇至 OD600nm 4.0 (对 数生长期,大约 16-18 h); 室温, 2500 g离心 5 min。弃上清,用 50 mL BMMY培养基重悬细胞至 OD6(K)nm1.0; 在 250 mL三角瓶中加入上述 培养物, 加盖 4层灭菌纱布, 放入摇床继续生长; 每 24小时, 加甲 醇至终浓度为 0.5%继续诱导;在下列的各个时间点, 0 h、 24 h、 48 h、 72 h、 96 h、 120 h取 1 mL培养基至 1.5 mL 离心管并测量该时间点 的 OD600靈值, 室温 12000 rpm离心 2-3 min, 诱导时间为 120 h。 将 菌悬液稀释为相同的 OD6。。nm值, 离心收集上清至离心管中, -20 °C 保存。 Tricine-SDS-PAGE 电泳结果表明, 单拷贝和四拷贝重组菌株 120 h的发酵上清液在约 4.4 kDa处有明显加粗的条带, 与菌丝霉素 理论分子量相符,结合凝胶成像软件分析发现四拷贝转化子的菌丝霉 素表达量是单拷贝转化子的 4倍(图 5 ), 表达量和拷贝数之间存在 线性关系。
以上显示和描述了本发明的基本原理、 主要特征和本发明的优 点。 本行业的技术人员应该了解, 本发明不受上述实施例的限制, 上 述实施例和说明书中描述的只是说明本发明的原理,在不脱离本发明 精神和范围的前提下本发明还会有各种变化和改进,这些变化和改进 均落入本发明要求保护的范围内。本发明要求保护的范围由所附的权 利要书及其等同物界定。 工业实用性 利用本发明提供的一种多拷贝表达重组菌丝霉素的毕赤酵母的 制备方法, 可以构建多拷贝高表达菌丝霉素的酵母细胞, 来实现菌丝 霉素的规模化生产。

Claims

权 利 要 求 书
1、 一种表达菌丝霉素的酵母细胞, 其特征在于, 所述酵母细胞 的染色体中整合有表达菌丝霉素的构建物, 所述构建物含有 2个或 2 个以上串联排列的菌丝霉素表达盒,每个所述菌丝霉素表达盒包括以 下元件: (a )起始信号元件为醇氧脱氢酶强启动子; (b ) a-因子信号 肽基因及融合在其 C端的菌丝霉素基因; ( c )终止信号元件为 AOX。
2、 如权利要求 1所述的表达菌丝霉素的酵母细胞, 其特征在于, 所述酵母细胞的染色体中整合有表达菌丝霉素的构建物,所述构建物 含有 2-16个串联排列的菌丝霉素表达盒。
3、 如权利要求 1或 2所述的表达菌丝霉素的酵母细胞, 其特征 在于, 所述酵母细胞在甲醇诱导下表达菌丝霉素, 表达量与菌丝霉素 基因拷贝数之间存在线性关系。
4、 如权利要求 1或 2所述的表达菌丝霉素的酵母细胞, 其特征 在于, 所述酵母细胞选自毕赤酵母、 酿酒酵母或汉逊酵母。
5、 如权利要求 4所述的表达菌丝霉素的酵母细胞, 其特征在于, 所述酵母细胞选自毕赤酵母 X-33。
6、 如权利要求 1或 2所述的表达菌丝霉素的酵母细胞, 其特征 在于, 所述的构建物衍生于 pPIC系列表达载体。
7、 如权利要求 6所述的表达菌丝霉素的酵母细胞, 其特征在于, 所述的表达载体釆用 pPICZaA,且菌丝霉素基因的核苷酸序列如 SEQ ID NO.l所示。
8、 一种构建物, 其特征在于, 所述构建物含有 2个或 2个以上 串联排列的菌丝霉素表达盒, 每个所述菌丝霉素表达盒包括以下元 : ( a )起始信号元件为醇氧脱氢酶强启动子; ( b ) α-因子信号肽基 因及融合在其 C端的菌丝霉素基因;(c )终止信号元件为 ΑΟΧ。
9、 构建权利要求 8所述的构建物的方法, 其特征在于, 其包括: ( 1 )将菌丝霉素基因定点插入包括起始信号元件、 信号肽和终 止信号元件的质粒中, 以获得单拷贝表达质粒; 所述单拷贝表达质粒 含有完整的菌丝霉素表达盒, 其中, 所述表达盒包含: )起始信号 元件为醇氧脱氢酶强启动子; ( b ) α-因子信号肽基因及融合在其 C端 的菌丝霉素基因; (c )终止信号元件为 ΑΟΧ;
( 2 )利用限制性内切酶 /II和^^ HI粘性末端互补的特点, 通过反复酶切、连接和转化操作, 将所述菌丝霉素表达盒重复插入所 述质粒中,从而获得含有 2个或 2个以上串联排列的菌丝霉素表达盒 的构建物。
10、 权利要求 1-7任一项所述的表达菌丝霉素的酵母细胞的制备 方法, 其特征在于, 用权利要求 8所述的构建物转化酵母细胞, 使所 述的构建物整合入酵母染色体中, 即得。
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