WO2011136206A1 - リヤアンダーミラー - Google Patents
リヤアンダーミラー Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2011136206A1 WO2011136206A1 PCT/JP2011/060135 JP2011060135W WO2011136206A1 WO 2011136206 A1 WO2011136206 A1 WO 2011136206A1 JP 2011060135 W JP2011060135 W JP 2011060135W WO 2011136206 A1 WO2011136206 A1 WO 2011136206A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- mirror
- reflecting mirror
- vehicle
- rear under
- width direction
- Prior art date
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B60R1/00—Optical viewing arrangements; Real-time viewing arrangements for drivers or passengers using optical image capturing systems, e.g. cameras or video systems specially adapted for use in or on vehicles
- B60R1/02—Rear-view mirror arrangements
- B60R1/08—Rear-view mirror arrangements involving special optical features, e.g. avoiding blind spots, e.g. convex mirrors; Side-by-side associations of rear-view and other mirrors
- B60R1/081—Rear-view mirror arrangements involving special optical features, e.g. avoiding blind spots, e.g. convex mirrors; Side-by-side associations of rear-view and other mirrors avoiding blind spots, e.g. by using a side-by-side association of mirrors
- B60R1/082—Rear-view mirror arrangements involving special optical features, e.g. avoiding blind spots, e.g. convex mirrors; Side-by-side associations of rear-view and other mirrors avoiding blind spots, e.g. by using a side-by-side association of mirrors using a single wide field mirror or an association of rigidly connected mirrors
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
- G02B5/08—Mirrors
- G02B5/10—Mirrors with curved faces
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a rear under mirror installed near a rear window of a vehicle to project the lower rear of the vehicle body.
- a convex mirror which can project a wide area on a small area reflective surface is often used.
- the image reflected on the mirror surface is an inverted mirror image, which makes the user feel uncomfortable.
- this type of rear under mirror that uses an uneven surface mirror as a reflecting mirror has a complex curved surface in which the mirror surface of the reflecting mirror is three-dimensionally curved. Therefore, the depth in the front-rear direction is required.
- the reflecting mirror of the rear under mirror needs to have a certain area or more. Therefore, the length in the depth direction also increases in accordance with the area of the reflecting mirror. However, the position of the rear end of the vehicle interior is determined by the rear window glass and the back door panel. When the length in the depth direction of the rear under mirror is long, the front side area of the rear under mirror bulges to the ceiling side of the vehicle interior.
- a rear under mirror of a type that reflects the lower rear of the vehicle body is usually used in a state in which the occupant of the driver's seat is turned around while seated. For this reason, the installation position of the reflecting mirror of the rear under mirror in the vehicle width direction is limited to a certain extent.
- the size of the object seen through the reflecting mirror between the object on the right and the object on the left in the vehicle width direction It looks different.
- a curved mirror surface such as a convex surface or a concave surface is used as the reflecting mirror, the difference in the size of the object becomes remarkable.
- the sizes of the objects are different at the left and right of the vehicle width direction, it is difficult for the driver to grasp the sizes and positions of the objects.
- the present invention quickly and accurately grasps the condition of the rear lower part of the vehicle body by reducing the difference in the appearance when the object in the lower rear part of the vehicle body is on the left side and the right side in the vehicle width direction.
- One purpose is to provide a rear under mirror that can be
- the rear under mirror is a rear under mirror installed near the upper edge of the rear window glass on the vehicle interior side, and projects the lower rear of the vehicle toward the driver's seat
- a reflecting mirror is provided, and the reflecting mirror is provided with an irregular surface mirror having a mirror surface in which a substantially vertical direction is concave and a substantially horizontal direction is convex; the shape of the reflecting mirror is a trapezoidal shape whose lower side is longer than the upper side in front view It is.
- the rear under mirror may be configured as follows: The mirror surface of the reflecting mirror is symmetrical in the vehicle width direction.
- the rear under mirror may be configured as follows: The radius of curvature of the concave surface in the substantially vertical direction of the reflecting mirror is smaller in the lower region than in the upper region.
- the rear under mirror may be configured as follows: The radius of curvature of the concave surface in the substantially vertical direction of the reflecting mirror decreases from the upper region toward the lower region.
- the rear under mirror may be configured as follows: The radius of curvature of the convex surface in the substantially horizontal direction of the reflecting mirror is larger in the lower region than in the upper region.
- the rear under mirror may be configured as follows: The radius of curvature of the convex surface in the substantially horizontal direction of the reflecting mirror increases from the upper region toward the lower region.
- the rear under mirror may be configured as follows: In a region near the lower end of the reflecting mirror, the radius of curvature of the concave surface in the substantially vertical direction is smaller than that in the other regions. It has an area.
- the rear under mirror may be configured as follows: The lower end vicinity region of the concave surface in the substantially vertical direction of the reflecting mirror reflects the rear end portion of the vehicle.
- the rear under mirror is a rear under mirror provided in the vicinity of the rear window of the rear of the vehicle, and reflecting the lower part of the rear of the vehicle toward the driver's seat A mirror is provided, and the radius of curvature of the mirror surface of the reflecting mirror is larger on the other end side in the vehicle width direction than on one end side in the vehicle width direction close to the driver's seat.
- the rear under mirror may be configured as follows: The mirror surface includes a convex surface having a convex shape in a substantially horizontal direction. (11) The rear under mirror may be configured as follows: The mirror surface has a concave surface that is concave in a substantially horizontal direction.
- the rear under mirror may be configured as follows:
- the mirror surface includes a convex surface having a convex shape in a substantially vertical direction.
- the rear under mirror may be configured as follows:
- the mirror surface has a concave surface having a concave shape in the substantially vertical direction.
- the rear under mirror may be configured as follows: The mirror surface is directed from the one end side in the vehicle width direction close to the driver's seat to the other end side in the vehicle width direction As a result, the radius of curvature increases.
- the rear under mirror may be configured as follows: The curvature of the reflecting mirror is such that the one end side in the vehicle width direction adjacent to the driver's seat and the other end side in the vehicle width direction The objects of the same size at the same distance from the center in the vehicle width direction are set to be displayed as images of the same size.
- the rear under mirror may be configured as follows: The reflecting mirror is located at the center of the rear of the vehicle in the vehicle width direction.
- the occupied space in the front-rear direction of the vehicle body on the upper side of the reflecting mirror can be reduced.
- the area near the rear of the vehicle can be projected on a wide mirror surface on the lower side of the reflecting mirror.
- the pressure on the interior space of the vehicle can be reduced without sacrificing visibility.
- the mirror surface is formed symmetrically in the vehicle width direction. For this reason, the setting of the curvature of an uneven surface becomes easy. And, the formability can be improved. Moreover, the difficulty of seeing due to the parallax between the left and right eyes can be easily eliminated.
- the bending of the concave surface in the substantially vertical direction of the reflecting mirror becomes stronger on the lower region side.
- the bending of the concave surface in the substantially vertical direction of the reflecting mirror is weakened at the upper region side.
- the radius of curvature of the concave surface in the substantially vertical direction of the reflecting mirror decreases as going from the upper region to the lower region.
- distortion of the mirror image can be reduced.
- the curvature of a mirror surface changes gradually. As a result, concentration of light can be prevented. Therefore, according to the aspect as described in said (4), visibility can be improved more.
- the bending of the convex surface in the substantially horizontal direction of the reflecting mirror becomes weak in the lower region and becomes strong in the upper region.
- the upper region of the reflecting mirror which is relatively distant it is possible to project a wide range in the vehicle width direction.
- the length of the mirror surface in the vehicle width direction becomes short in the upper region of the reflecting mirror that reflects the rear far side.
- the mirror surface length in the vehicle width direction is shortened by increasing the scale ratio of the mirror image by the convex surface as much as the mirror surface length in the vehicle width direction is shortened. It can be corrected. Therefore, according to the invention described in the above (5), even when the vehicle is moved backward at the maximum steering angle as in the case of garage storage, the predicted travel range of the vehicle can be reliably reflected on the mirror surface.
- the radius of curvature of the convex surface in the substantially horizontal direction of the reflecting mirror becomes larger as going from the upper region to the lower region.
- distortion of the mirror image can be reduced.
- the curvature of the mirror surface gradually changes. As a result, concentration of light can be prevented. Therefore, according to the aspect as described in said (6), visibility can be improved more.
- the radius of curvature of the region near the lower end of the concave surface in the substantially vertical direction of the reflecting mirror is sharply reduced as compared with the radius of curvature of the other regions.
- the rear end portion of the vehicle body is set to be projected in the area near the lower end of the concave surface in the substantially vertical direction of the reflecting mirror.
- the radius of curvature of the area on the other end side in the vehicle width direction is larger than the radius of curvature of the area on the one end side in the vehicle width direction approaching the driver's seat
- the curvature of the reflector is set to be Then, the difference in the appearance of the left and right objects due to the difference in the distance from the driver's point of view to the reflection position on the mirror surface is offset by the difference in the scale factor due to the curvature of the reflection mirror.
- the curvature of the reflecting mirror is gradually increased so that the radius of curvature gradually increases from one end in the vehicle width direction approaching the driver's seat to the other end in the vehicle width direction. Is set. As a result, it is possible to reduce the difference in appearance when the object under the rear of the vehicle body is at any position in the vehicle width direction. Furthermore, the change of the radius of curvature is set so as not to be abrupt. Thereby, the distortion of the mirror image can be reduced to improve the visibility.
- the same size at the same distance from the center in the vehicle width direction between the region at one end in the vehicle width direction and the region at the other end in the vehicle width direction approaching the driver's seat It is set so that the object of is displayed as an image of the same size.
- the driver can be made to correctly grasp the size and position of the object.
- the reflecting mirror is disposed at the center position in the vehicle width direction that most protrudes to the rear of the vehicle body. As a result, the visibility of the lower rear portion of the vehicle body can be further enhanced.
- FIG. 1 is a side view of the rear side of a vehicle employing a rear under mirror according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the interior rear of the vehicle employing the rear under mirror according to the embodiment.
- FIG. 3 is a perspective view of a rear under mirror according to the same embodiment.
- FIG. 4 is a view schematically showing the setting of the radius of curvature and the shape of the reflection surface of the rear under mirror according to the embodiment.
- FIG. 5 is a diagram schematically showing the setting of the radius of curvature and the shape of the reflective surface according to the comparative example.
- FIG. 6A shows an image viewed through a reflector according to a comparative example.
- FIG. 6A shows an image viewed through a reflector according to a comparative example.
- FIG. 6B shows an image viewed through the reflector of the rear under mirror according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 7A shows a movement image of an object passing through a reflecting mirror according to a comparative example.
- FIG. 7B shows an image of movement of an object through the reflector of the rear under mirror according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view corresponding to the cross section AA of FIG. 3 of the rear under mirror according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 9A shows an image viewed through a reflector according to a comparative example.
- FIG. 9B shows an image seen through a reflecting mirror according to a comparative example.
- FIG. 9C shows an image viewed through the reflector of the rear under mirror according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 9D shows an image viewed through the reflector of the rear under mirror according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 10 is a side view of the rear of a vehicle employing a rear under mirror according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 11 is a schematic plan view of a vehicle employing a rear under mirror according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 12 is a view schematically showing a reflecting mirror of a rear under mirror according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 13 is a view showing a rear under mirror according to a second embodiment of the present invention and an image reflected on a mirror surface.
- FIG. 14 is a view showing a rear under mirror and an image reflected on a mirror surface according to a comparative example.
- FIG. 10 is a side view of the rear of a vehicle employing a rear under mirror according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 11 is a schematic plan view of a vehicle employing a rear under
- FIG. 15 is a schematic plan view of a vehicle showing a modification of the second embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 16 is a view schematically showing a reflecting mirror of a rear under mirror according to a modification of the second embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 17 is a schematic plan view of a vehicle employing a rear under mirror according to a third embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 18 is a perspective view of a rear under mirror according to a third embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 19 is a view schematically showing a reflecting mirror of a rear under mirror according to a third embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 20 is a view showing a rear under mirror and an image reflected on a mirror surface according to a third embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 21 is a view schematically showing a reflecting mirror of a rear under mirror according to a modification of the third embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 1 is a view showing the side of the rear side of a one-box type vehicle 1 provided with a flip-up back door 2 (tail gate).
- reference numeral 3 denotes a rear window provided at the top of the back door 2.
- 4 shows a roof panel of the vehicle.
- 5 shows a side door on the rear side. Wr indicates a rear wheel.
- a rear window glass 6 is attached to the rear window 3.
- FIG. 2 is a view of the back door 2 as viewed from the vehicle interior side. 7 in the figure shows the ceiling part of a vehicle interior.
- Reference numeral 8 denotes a door opening on the vehicle body side where the back door 2 is opened and closed.
- Reference numeral 11 denotes a room light installed on a ceiling 7 of the vehicle cabin.
- the back door 2 is rotatably attached to rear end portions of left and right side edges of the roof panel 4 via a door hinge (not shown).
- the back door 2 is curved outward so that the central portion in the vehicle width direction protrudes to the outermost side (rear side of the vehicle body).
- the upper edge portion of the back door 2 is curved toward the upper front so that the upper end portion of the back door 2 is smoothly continuous with the roof panel 4.
- a rear under mirror 10 to be projected is installed at the upper edge of the back door 2 adjacent to the upper side of the rear window 3 (rear window glass 6).
- the rear under mirror 10 is mounted at a central position in the vehicle width direction of the back door 2 (a central position in the vehicle width direction of the vehicle 1).
- FIG. 3 is a perspective view of the rear under mirror 10.
- the rear under mirror 10 is directly fastened and fixed to an upper edge portion of the back door 2 and a reflecting mirror 12 that reflects the lower rear part of the vehicle body through the rear window glass 6, a resin housing 13 that directly holds the reflecting mirror 12, Finally, the housing 13 is provided with a base plate (not shown) mounted by screws or the like.
- a unit of a high mount stop lamp (not shown) is integrally incorporated in the rear under mirror 10. The high mount stop lamp is attached to the base plate so that the lamp surface faces the side surface of the rear window glass 6 in the passenger compartment.
- the reflecting mirror 12 includes an irregular surface mirror having a mirror surface in which a substantially vertical direction is concave and a substantially horizontal direction is convex.
- the shape of the mirror surface of the reflecting mirror 12 is a shape obtained by punching out a three-dimensionally curved uneven surface in a trapezoidal shape in which the lower side is longer than the upper side. Therefore, the reflecting mirror 12 has a trapezoidal shape in which the lower side is longer than the upper side in a front view.
- the reflecting mirror 12 is installed on the back door 2 via the base plate and the housing 13 so that the lower end side of the mirror surface is inclined to the rear lower side of the vehicle body in a state where the back door 2 is closed.
- the reflecting mirror 12 can reflect a wide range under the rear of the vehicle body as an erect image. Then, an occupant (driver) seated in the driver's seat can view this erect image.
- the reflecting mirror 12 the lower rear portion of the vehicle body is projected at a wide angle in the vehicle width direction by the convex surface in the substantially horizontal direction of the uneven surface mirror.
- the reflecting mirror 12 makes the image reflected on the mirror surface an erect image that is easy for the driver to grasp by the concave surface in the substantially vertical direction.
- FIG. 4 is a view schematically showing the setting of the radius of curvature and the shape of the reflecting mirror 12 of the rear under mirror 10 according to the present embodiment.
- FIG. 5 is a diagram schematically showing the setting of the radius of curvature and the shape of the reflecting mirror 200 according to the comparative example.
- the curvature radius Rv of the concave surface in the substantially vertical direction is set to be constant.
- the mirror surface of the reflecting mirror 200 is punched in a substantially square shape centering on a reference point c (center position in the vertical direction) of the uneven curved surface.
- the curvature radius Rv of the concave surface in the substantially vertical direction is set so that the lower region is smaller than the upper region. That is, the bending of the concave surface in the substantially vertical direction of the reflecting mirror 12 is stronger toward the lower region.
- the mirror surface of the reflecting mirror 12 is not punched in a substantially square shape around the reference point c. Instead, the mirror surface of the reflecting mirror 12 is punched out of a portion below the reference point c into a trapezoidal shape in which the lower side is longer than the upper side and symmetrical in left and right.
- the radius of curvature Rv on the concave side of the mirror surface gradually changes from the upper region to the lower region.
- the lowermost end region is rapidly changing in comparison with other portions as described in detail later.
- the change of the radius of curvature of the mirror surface is set so that the cross section of the mirror surface does not draw a square line.
- the reflection mirror 12 according to this embodiment (FIG. 4) and the reflection mirror 200 according to the comparative example (FIG. 5) are constant within one cross section in the substantially horizontal direction. is there.
- the curvature radius Rh of the convex surface in the substantially horizontal direction at the center in the vertical direction passing through the reference point c is the smallest.
- the curvature radius Rh of the convex surface in the substantially horizontal direction increases as the reference point c deviates upward and downward.
- the radius of curvature Rh of the convex surface in the substantially horizontal direction gradually increases from the upper region toward the lower region. That is, the bending of the convex surface in the substantially horizontal direction of the reflecting mirror 12 is weaker toward the lower region.
- FIGS. 6A and 6B are diagrams for comparing and explaining the visual recognition effect of changing the curvature radius Rh of the convex surface in the substantially horizontal direction of the reflecting mirror 12 from the upper region to the lower region of the reflecting mirror 12.
- FIG. 6A shows how two parallel straight lines L1 and L2 extending rearward of the vehicle body are viewed by the reflecting mirror 200 according to the comparative example.
- FIG. 6B shows how two similar parallel straight lines L1 and L2 are viewed by the reflecting mirror 12 according to the present embodiment.
- reference numeral 15 denotes a rear portion of the vehicle body such as a rear bumper reflected on a mirror surface.
- the mirror surface of the reflecting mirror 200 has a shape which is punched in a substantially square shape centering on the reference point c of the uneven curved surface.
- the radius of curvature of the convex surface in the substantially horizontal direction increases as it goes upward or downward from the reference point c. Therefore, the straight lines L1 and L2 appear to be distorted inward near the center. As a result, the occupant who looks into the reflecting mirror 200 may feel discomfort.
- the shape of the mirror surface of the reflecting mirror 12 is such that the lower side is longer than the upper side from the part below the reference point c of the concave and convex curved surface , It is a shape punched into a symmetrical trapezoidal shape.
- the convex surface in the substantially horizontal direction is set such that the curvature radius Rh gradually increases from the upper side to the lower side (the bending gradually weakens). For this reason, the scale ratio of the mirror image in the substantially horizontal direction by the mirror surface on the upper side becomes larger. Therefore, the two straight lines L1 and L2 reflected on the mirror surface of the reflecting mirror 12 are corrected so as to be reflected linearly from the near side to the far side.
- the reflecting mirror 12 does not give an occupant who looks into the mirror surface a sense of discomfort due to distortion in the depth direction.
- FIGS. 7A and 7B are diagrams for comparing and explaining the visual effects by changing the curvature radius Rv of the concave surface in the substantially vertical direction of the reflecting mirror 12.
- FIG. 7A is a diagram showing, by arrows, an image of the moving speed of the object reflected on the reflecting mirror 200 according to the comparative example when the rear part of the vehicle approaches the object at a constant speed when the vehicle is moving backward.
- FIG. 7B is a view similarly showing an image of the moving speed of the object reflected on the reflecting mirror 12 according to the present embodiment when the rear part of the vehicle approaches the object at a constant speed when the vehicle is moving backward.
- the size of the arrow increases as the moving speed of the object reflected on the mirror surface increases.
- the concave surface in the substantially vertical direction of the reflecting mirror 200 has a constant radius of curvature. For this reason, as the vehicle body approaches the object, the proximity speed of the object appears to increase. As a result, the occupant who looks into the reflecting mirror 12 may feel discomfort.
- the curvature radius Rv of the concave surface in the substantially vertical direction of the reflecting mirror 12 gradually decreases from the upper side to the lower side (the bending It is set to become stronger gradually. For this reason, the scale factor in the substantially vertical direction by the mirror surface on the lower side is further increased. Therefore, an object appearing on the mirror surface of the reflecting mirror 12 is corrected to approach at a constant speed. In the case of the reflecting mirror 12, the occupant who looks into the mirror surface does not feel discomfort due to the change in the moving speed of the object.
- FIG. 8 shows a cross section in the substantially vertical direction of the reflecting mirror 12 corresponding to the cross section AA of FIG.
- An area a near the lower end of the reflecting mirror 12 is provided with a strong bending area in which the radius of curvature of the concave surface in the substantially vertical direction is smaller than that in the other areas. Therefore, as described above, the curvature radius Rv of the concave surface in the substantially vertical direction of the mirror surface of the reflection mirror 12 is set such that the curvature radius Rv of the strong bending area is smaller than that of the other areas. That is, the area a in the vicinity of the lower end of the reflecting mirror 12 is set such that the radius of curvature Rv is smaller than that of the other area b.
- the area a where the radius of curvature Rv near the lower end is small compared to the other areas is the area a even if the height of the viewpoint of the occupant is slightly different when the driver's seat occupant looks into the reflecting mirror 12
- the rear portion 15 of the vehicle body is set to be reliably reflected.
- FIGS. 9A, 9B, 9C, 9D are diagrams for comparing and explaining the visual effects obtained by sharply reducing the curvature radius Rv of the area a in the vicinity of the lower end of the reflecting mirror 12.
- FIG. 9A illustrates how a low-seated occupant looks into the reflecting mirror 300 according to a comparative example in which the curvature radius Rv of the region a in the vicinity of the lower end of the mirror surface is not sharply reduced.
- FIG. 9B shows how the same reflector 300 looks when an occupant with a high seat looks into it.
- FIG. 9C shows how a low-seated occupant looks into the reflecting mirror 12 according to the present embodiment in which the curvature radius Rv of the region a near the lower end of the mirror surface is sharply reduced.
- FIG. 9D shows how the same reflector 12 looks when an occupant with a high seat looks into it.
- the radius of curvature Rv of the region a in the vicinity of the lower end of the mirror surface is sharply reduced.
- the scale factor in the vertical direction in the region near the lower end of the mirror surface is large. For this reason, it is possible to reflect a wide area in the vertical direction in this area. Even if the viewpoint height of the driver's seat occupant is different, the way of reflection (the amount of reflection) of the rear portion 15 of the vehicle does not greatly change.
- the rear portion 15 of the vehicle is at the height of the occupant's point of view without reducing the amount of reflection at the rear end of the vehicle body or increasing the vertical length of the mirror surface itself. Regardless of the difference, the mirror surface can be reliably reflected.
- the reflecting mirror 12 formed of the uneven surface mirror is formed in a trapezoidal shape in which the lower side is longer than the upper side in a front view. Therefore, it is possible to secure a sufficiently wide reflection area on the lower side of the reflecting mirror 12 that reflects the vicinity of the rear of the vehicle body, while reducing the occupied space on the upper side of the reflecting mirror 12 in the vehicle longitudinal direction.
- the upper side of the reflecting mirror 12 is shorter than the lower side.
- the arc of the convex surface in the substantially horizontal direction also becomes smaller.
- the occupation length in the vehicle body front-rear direction of the upper part side of the reflecting mirror 12 becomes short.
- the reflection area on the lower side can be secured sufficiently wide.
- the occupied length in the vehicle longitudinal direction becomes long.
- the rear window glass 6 disposed behind the rear under mirror 10 is inclined obliquely downward toward the rear of the vehicle body. For this reason, the increase in the space occupied by the lower side region of the rear under mirror 10 in the vehicle longitudinal direction is permitted by the inclination of the rear window glass 6. Therefore, the amount of protrusion of the lower side region of the rear under mirror 10 in the vehicle interior direction does not increase significantly.
- the overall volume tends to be large and the space inside the vehicle tends to be compressed.
- the rear under mirror 10 has an advantage that the setting of the curvature of the uneven surface is easy and the forming is easy because the mirror surface of the reflecting mirror 12 is formed in a symmetrical trapezoidal shape.
- the mirror surface of the reflecting mirror 12 is symmetrical, it is possible to easily eliminate the difficulty of seeing due to the suggestion of the left and right eyes, which is a problem unique to the concave-convex surface mirror.
- the curvature radius Rv of the concave surface in the lower region of the reflecting mirror 12 is set smaller than the curvature radius Rv of the concave surface in the upper region. Therefore, in the lower region of the reflecting mirror 12 that reflects the vicinity of the rear of the vehicle body, the visible range in the front-rear direction can be expanded at a large scale. As a result, it is possible to clearly show the positional relationship between the vehicle body and the object in the vicinity of the vehicle body. Further, in the upper region of the reflecting mirror 12 which reflects the rear far side, it is possible to project a good image with low distortion in the vertical direction.
- the curvature radius Rv of the concave surface of the reflecting mirror 12 is set to decrease as going from the upper side to the lower side. For this reason, distortion of an object appearing on the reflecting mirror 12 can be reduced.
- the vehicle approaches the object at a constant speed it is possible to prevent the approach speed of the object from changing and appearing as described above.
- the curvature radius Rh of the convex surface in the lower region of the reflecting mirror 12 is set larger than the curvature radius Rh of the convex surface in the upper region. For this reason, in the lower region of the reflecting mirror 12 that reflects the vicinity of the rear of the vehicle body, it is possible to project a good visible image with little distortion in the vehicle width direction. Further, in the upper region of the reflecting mirror 12 which reflects the rear far side, it is possible to project a wide range in the vehicle width direction with a large scale. In the rear under mirror 10, the length of the mirror surface in the vehicle width direction of the upper region of the reflecting mirror 12 is shorter than the length of the mirror surface in the vehicle width direction of the lower region. However, the scale of the upper region is set large.
- the curvature radius Rh of the convex surface of the reflecting mirror 12 is set to increase as going from the upper side to the lower side. Therefore, it is possible to improve the visibility by reducing the distortion of the object reflected by the reflecting mirror 12, in particular, the distortion of the straight line extending to the rear side of the vehicle body.
- the cross section of the mirror surface (convex surface in the substantially horizontal direction or concave surface in the vertical direction) of the reflecting mirror 12 is set to draw a gradual change curve other than a square wire.
- the strong bending area a in which the curvature radius Rv of the concave in the substantially vertical direction is smaller than the curvature radius Rv of the other areas. Have.
- an image in the vicinity of the host vehicle at the rear of the vehicle body can be reliably displayed in a narrow range on the lower end side, and an image of a distant region at the rear of the vehicle body can be projected in a wide range of the remaining mirror surface. Therefore, it is possible to expand the front and back range reflected on the mirror surface while keeping the height in the vertical direction of the reflecting mirror 12 low.
- the vehicle rear portion 15 is always set in the strong bending area a regardless of the difference in the viewpoint height for each occupant. Therefore, the relative position of the object with respect to the rear portion 15 of the vehicle can be reliably grasped by the occupant without causing the reflection mirror 12 to be enlarged.
- FIG. 10 is a view showing a rear side surface of a one-box type vehicle 1001 having a flip-up back door 1002 (tail gate).
- reference numeral 1003 denotes a rear window provided at the upper part of the back door 1002
- 1004 denotes a roof panel of the vehicle
- 1006 denotes a rear window glass attached to the rear window 1003.
- FIG. 11 is a schematic plan view of the vehicle 1001, in which SW1000 is a steering wheel at the driver's seat, and m1000 is an occupant seated at the driver's seat.
- the vehicle 1001 according to the present embodiment is a right-hand drive vehicle whose driver's seat (steering wheel SW 1000) is on the right in the traveling direction.
- T1001 and T1002 are marking objects such as cones installed on the road. These mark objects T1001 and T1002 have the same shape and the same size.
- the back door 1002 is attached to the left and right rear end portions of the roof panel 1004 so as to be able to open and close via a door hinge (not shown).
- the back door 1002 is curved outward so that the central portion in the vehicle width direction protrudes to the outermost side (the rear side of the vehicle body), and the upper edge is directed upward toward the front so as to be smoothly continuous with the roof panel 1004 It is curved.
- the lower portion of the rear of the vehicle 1001 (area B1000 in FIG. 10) toward the passenger m1000 in the vehicle compartment
- a rear under mirror 1010 is attached via a bracket 1007.
- the rear under mirror 1010 according to the present embodiment is installed at the center position in the vehicle width direction of the back door 1002 (the center position in the vehicle width direction at the rear of the vehicle body).
- FIG. 12 and 13 show the rear under mirror 1010.
- FIG. The rear under mirror 1010 includes a reflecting mirror 1012 and a holder 1013 (see FIGS. 11 and 13) for holding the reflecting mirror 1012.
- a bracket 1007 (see FIG. 10) is connected to the holder 1013.
- FIG. 12 only the reflecting mirror 1012 is shown alone, and in FIG. 13, an image (mirror image) of the lower rear portion of the vehicle body reflected on the reflecting mirror 1012 is also shown.
- 1002 m is a mirror image of the back door 1002 reflected on the reflection mirror 1012
- T 1001 m and T 1002 m are mirror images of the mark objects T 1001 and T 1002 reflected on the reflection mirror 1012.
- the reflecting mirror 1012 is configured by a convex mirror having a mirror surface that is convex in the vertical direction and in the vehicle width direction.
- the curvature of the reflecting mirror 1012 in the vehicle width direction is not a constant radius of curvature, but as shown in FIG. 12, the curvature radius Rh1001 of the region at one end side (vehicle right side) in the vehicle width direction approaching the driver's seat (passenger M1000)
- the radius of curvature Rh1002 of the region on the other end side (vehicle left side) in the vehicle width direction is also set to be larger.
- the curvature in the vertical direction of the reflecting mirror 1012 is not a constant radius of curvature, and the radius of curvature Rv1001 of the region at one end side (vehicle right side) in the vehicle width direction approaching the driver's seat (passenger M1000)
- the curvature radius Rv 1002 of the area on the end side (vehicle left side) is set to be larger.
- the curvature radius of the reflecting mirror 1012 in the vehicle width direction and the vertical direction is also set to gradually increase from one end in the vehicle width direction approaching the driver's seat to the other end in the vehicle width direction. ing.
- the reflecting mirror 1012 also has a center Cm 1000 in the width direction of the reflecting mirror 1012 as shown in FIG. 13 when the driver M1000 on the driver's seat looks back from the center side of the vehicle body (see FIG. 11).
- the center Cc 1000 in the vehicle width direction of the rear portion of the vehicle body (back door 1002 m) reflected by the reflecting mirror 1012 is set to coincide with it.
- the rear under mirror 1010 has the curvature radius Rh1002 of the area on the other end side in the vehicle width direction than the curvature radius Rh1001 of the area on the one end side in the vehicle width direction approaching the driver's seat.
- Rv 1002 is set so that the curvature of the reflecting mirror 1012 is larger. Therefore, the scale ratio of the mirror image in the area on the one end side in the vehicle width direction on the reflecting mirror 1012 is larger than the scale ratio of the mirror image in the area on the other side in the vehicle width direction.
- FIG. 14 is a view showing the appearance of a mirror image of a comparative example in which the curvature of the reflecting mirror 1012 is set so that the radius of curvature is constant in the area on the one end side and the area on the other end side in the vehicle width direction.
- the width of the vehicle body is the same even if it is an object of the same shape and size due to the difference in the distance from the driver's seat occupant's viewpoint to the reflection position on the mirror surface.
- the object on the right side of the direction (closer to the driver's seat) and the object on the left side (opposite to the driver's seat) look differently.
- the mirror image of the object on the right in the vehicle width direction for example, the mirror image T1001m of the marker object T1001
- the mirror image of the object on the left in the vehicle width direction for example, the mirror image T1002m of the marker object T1002. It also looks big.
- the rear under mirror 1010 is different in the radius of curvature between the area on one end side (the side approaching the driver's seat) of the reflecting mirror 1012 in the vehicle width direction and the area on the other end side.
- the scaling factor in the area on the one end side is set to be larger than the scaling factor in the area on the other end side. Therefore, the difference in how the left and right objects are seen due to the difference in the distance from the viewpoint of the driver M1000 on the driver's seat to the reflection position on the mirror surface is offset. Therefore, by using this rear under mirror 1010, the driver M1000, as shown in FIG. 13, has substantially the same shape and size as the mark object T1001 on the left side in the vehicle width direction and the mark object T1002 on the right side. It can be visually recognized as a mirror image T1001m or T1002m.
- the reflecting mirror 1012 employed in the rear under mirror 1010 according to the present embodiment is located from the center Cc 1000 in the vehicle width direction, in the region at one end side in the vehicle width direction approaching the driver's seat and the region at the other end side in the vehicle width direction. Objects of the same size at the same distance are set to be displayed as images of the same size. Therefore, the driver M 1000 can quickly and accurately grasp the size and sense of distance of the object below the rear of the vehicle body.
- the radius of curvature of the convex surface of the reflecting mirror is gradually increased from one end in the vehicle width direction approaching the driver's seat toward the other end in the vehicle width direction. It is done. For this reason, even when the object below the rear of the vehicle body is at any position in the vehicle width direction, the difference in appearance can be reduced, and the driver can accurately grasp the size of the object and the sense of distance. Furthermore, according to the rear under mirror 1010, the rapid change of the radius of curvature in the vehicle width direction of the reflecting mirror 1012 is reduced. Thereby, the distortion of the mirror image can be reduced to suppress the reduction in visibility.
- the rear under mirror 1010 is disposed at the center Cc 1000 in the vehicle width direction of the back door 1002 that protrudes most to the rear of the vehicle body. Therefore, a wide range in the vehicle width direction below the rear of the vehicle body can be well reflected by the reflecting mirror 1012.
- the center Cm1000 in the width direction of the reflecting mirror 1012 and the vehicle rear part reflected in the reflecting mirror 1012 The center Cc 1000 in the vehicle width direction of the (back door 1002 m) is set to coincide with it. For this reason, the occupant M1000 looking into the reflecting mirror 1012 goes through a redundant recognition process of finding the center Cc1000 in the vehicle body width direction reflected on the reflecting mirror 1012 from the mirror surface and grasping the distance between the center Cc1000 and the object. Instead, the distance to the object can be recognized immediately.
- the occupant M 1000 can directly recognize the distance from the center Cc 1000 in the vehicle width direction to the object based on the distance from the center Cm 1000 in the width direction of the reflecting mirror 1012 to the object reflected on the mirror surface it can. Therefore, the occupant M1000 looking into the reflecting mirror 1012 from the driver's seat can grasp the situation of the rear lower part of the vehicle body quickly and accurately.
- FIG. 16 is a view showing a reflecting mirror 1012 of the rear under mirror 1010 applied to a left-hand drive vehicle.
- the same parts as those in the above-described example are denoted by the same reference numerals, and the vehicle is denoted by reference numeral 1001A.
- the position of the driver's seat is different on the left and right from the case of the right-hand drive described above.
- region where the curvature radius of the convex surface on the reflective mirror 1012 is large differs in right and left.
- the radius of curvature Rh1002 of the area on the other end side in the vehicle width direction is larger than the radius of curvature Rh1001 of the area on the one end side in the vehicle width direction approaching the driver's seat (passenger M1000). Also in the case of the rear under mirror 1010, the same effect as described above can be obtained.
- FIG. 17 is a schematic plan view of a vehicle 1101.
- a vehicle 1101 is a right-hand drive vehicle provided with a flip-up back door 1002 at the rear of the vehicle body.
- a rear under mirror 1110 is attached which projects the lower rear portion of the vehicle body toward the driver M 1000 on the driver's seat.
- the rear under mirror 1110 is disposed on the front side (in the passenger compartment) of the rear window glass 1006. Further, the rear under mirror 1110 is disposed at the center position of the back door 1002 (rear portion of the vehicle body) in the vehicle width direction.
- FIG. 18 to 20 show the rear under mirror 1110.
- FIG. The rear under mirror 1110 is bolted directly to a reflecting mirror 1112 that reflects the lower rear of the vehicle body, a resin housing 1023 that holds the reflecting mirror 1112, and the upper edge of the back door 1002 on the vehicle interior side. And a base plate (not shown) to which the housing 1013 is attached.
- FIG. 19 only the reflecting mirror 1112 is shown alone, and in FIG. 20, an image (mirror image) of the lower rear portion of the vehicle body reflected on the reflecting mirror 1112 is also shown.
- the reflecting mirror 1112 is constituted by an uneven surface mirror having a mirror surface in which the vertical direction of the vehicle is concave and the vehicle width direction is convex.
- the reflecting mirror 1112 has a three-dimensionally curved uneven surface which is punched into a substantially trapezoidal shape in which the lower side is longer than the upper side.
- the reflecting mirror 1112 is installed on the back door 1002 via the housing 1023 and the base plate such that the lower end side of the mirror surface is inclined to the rear lower side of the vehicle body with the back door 1002 closed.
- the reflecting mirror 1112 can display a wide range below the rear of the vehicle body as an upright mirror image to an occupant (driver) seated at the driver's seat. That is, in the reflecting mirror 1112, the lower horizontal part of the vehicle body is projected at a wide angle in the vehicle width direction by the convex surface in the substantially horizontal direction of the uneven surface mirror, and the driver can easily understand the situation Be a mirror image.
- the convex curvature of the reflecting mirror 1112 in the vehicle width direction is not a constant radius of curvature, and as shown in FIG. 19, one end side (vehicle right side) in the vehicle width direction approaching the driver's seat (passenger M1000)
- the radius of curvature Rh1004 of the area on the other end side (vehicle left side) in the vehicle width direction is set to be larger than the radius of curvature Rh1003 of the area.
- the concave curvature in the vertical direction of the reflecting mirror 1112 is not a constant curvature radius, and the vehicle width is wider than the curvature radius Rv 1003 of the area on the one end side (vehicle right side) in the vehicle width direction approaching the driver's seat (passenger M1000)
- the curvature radius Rv 1004 of the area on the other end side (vehicle left side) of the direction is set to be larger.
- the radius of curvature of the reflecting mirror 1112 is set so as to gradually increase from one end side in the vehicle width direction approaching the driver's seat to the other end side in the vehicle width direction in both the vehicle width direction and the vertical direction .
- the center Cm 1000 in the width direction of the lens unit is set to coincide with the center Cc 1000 in the vehicle width direction of the rear portion of the vehicle body (back door 1002 m) reflected by the reflecting mirror 1112.
- the curvature radius of the area on the other end side in the vehicle width direction than the curvature radius Rh1003 and Rv1003 of the area on the one end side in the vehicle width direction approaching the driver's seat The curvatures of the convex surface and the concave surface of the reflecting mirror 1112 are set such that the radii Rh 1004 and Rv 1004 are larger. Therefore, the scale ratio of the mirror image in the area on the one end side in the vehicle width direction on the reflecting mirror 1112 becomes larger than the scale ratio of the mirror image in the area on the other side in the vehicle width direction.
- the left and right objects due to the difference in the distance from the viewpoint of the occupant M1000 of the driver's seat to the reflection position on the mirror surface due to the difference in scale of mirror images in the left and right regions of the reflecting mirror 1112 Can offset the difference in the appearance of
- the driver M1000 uses the mark objects T1001 and T1002 disposed at equal distances from the center Cc1000 in the vehicle width direction as mirror images T1001 m and T1002 m of substantially the same shape and size. It can be viewed visually. Therefore, the driver M 1000 can grasp the size and sense of distance of the lower rear portion quickly and accurately.
- the curvature of either the convex surface in the vehicle width direction or the concave surface in the vertical direction of the reflecting mirror 1112 is shifted from one end to the other in the vehicle width direction.
- the radius is set to be large. For this reason, the driver can be made to correctly grasp the size of the object and the sense of distance.
- the distortion of the mirror surface can be reduced to improve the visibility.
- the reflecting mirror 1112 is constituted by a concave-convex surface mirror, and as shown in FIG. As a result, the rear lower portion of the vehicle body can be accurately recognized without giving a sense of discomfort to the driver M1000 of the driver's seat.
- FIG. 21 shows the reflector 1112 of the rear under mirror 1110 as applied to a left-hand drive vehicle.
- the reflector 1112 in the case of a left-hand drive car has different regions with large radius of curvature for both concave and convex surfaces.
- the radius of curvature Rh1004 of the area on the other end side in the vehicle width direction is larger than the radius of curvature Rh1003 of the area on the one end side in the vehicle width direction approaching the driver's seat (passenger M1000).
- the present invention is not limited to the above embodiment, and various design changes can be made without departing from the scope of the invention.
- the case where the reflecting mirror is a convex mirror and the case where the uneven surface mirror is used has been described.
- the present invention can also be applied when the reflecting mirror is a concave mirror.
- the vehicle width direction may be concave and the vertical direction may be convex.
- the curvature is set so that the radius of curvature of the area on the other end side in the vehicle width direction becomes larger than the radius of curvature of the area on the one end side in the vehicle width direction close to the driver's seat You can get the effect.
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Abstract
Description
この従来のリヤアンダーミラーによれば、反射鏡の略水平方向の凸面によって車幅方向の広範囲を映し出す。そして、反射鏡の略上下方向の凹面によって正立鏡像をユーザーに視認させることができる。
そこで本発明は、視認性を犠牲にすることなく、車室内スペースの圧迫を低減することのできるリヤアンダーミラーを提供する事を目的の一つとする。
(2)前記リヤアンダーミラーは、以下のように構成されてもよい:前記反射鏡の前記鏡面は、車幅方向で左右対称である。
(3)前記リヤアンダーミラーは、以下のように構成されてもよい:前記反射鏡の前記略上下方向の前記凹面の曲率半径は、上部領域に比較して下部領域の方が小さい。
(4)前記リヤアンダーミラーは、以下のように構成されてもよい:前記反射鏡の前記略上下方向の前記凹面の曲率半径は、前記上部領域から前記下部領域に向かうに連れて小さくなる。
(5)前記リヤアンダーミラーは、以下のように構成されてもよい:前記反射鏡の前記略水平方向の前記凸面の曲率半径は、上部領域に比較して下部領域の方が大きい。
(6)前記リヤアンダーミラーは、以下のように構成されてもよい:前記反射鏡の前記略水平方向の前記凸面の曲率半径は、前記上部領域から前記下部領域に向かうに連れて大きくなる。
(7)前記リヤアンダーミラーは、以下のように構成されてもよい:前記反射鏡の下端近傍の領域に、前記略上下方向の前記凹面の曲率半径が他の領域に比較して小さい強曲げ領域を備える。
(8)前記リヤアンダーミラーは、以下のように構成されてもよい:前記反射鏡の前記略上下方向の前記凹面の前記下端近傍領域は、前記車両の後端部を映す。
(9)ところで、本発明の一態様に係るリヤアンダーミラーは、車両の後部のリヤウィンドウの近傍に設けられるリヤアンダーミラーであって、運転席に向けて前記車両の前記後部の下方を映す反射鏡を備え、前記反射鏡の鏡面の曲率半径は、前記運転席に近接する車幅方向の一端側よりも前記車幅方向の他端側の方が大きい。
(10)前記リヤアンダーミラーは、以下のように構成されてもよい:前記鏡面は、略水平方向が凸形状の凸面を備える。
(11)前記リヤアンダーミラーは、以下のように構成されてもよい:前記鏡面は、略水平方向が凹形状の凹面を備える。
(12)前記リヤアンダーミラーは、以下のように構成されてもよい:前記鏡面は、略上下方向が凸形状の凸面を備える。
(13)前記リヤアンダーミラーは、以下のように構成されてもよい:前記鏡面は、略上下方向が凹形状の凹面を備える。
(14)前記リヤアンダーミラーは、以下のように構成されてもよい:前記鏡面は、前記運転席に近接する前記車幅方向の前記一端側から前記車幅方向の前記他端側に向かうに連れて前記曲率半径が大きくなる。
(15)前記リヤアンダーミラーは、以下のように構成されてもよい:前記反射鏡の湾曲は、前記運転席に近接する前記車幅方向の前記一端側と前記車幅方向の前記他端側とで、前記車幅方向の中心から同距離にある同一サイズの対象物が同等の大きさの像として映るように設定されている。
(16)前記リヤアンダーミラーは、以下のように構成されてもよい:前記反射鏡が前記車両の前記後部の前記車幅方向の中心に位置する。
さらに、上記(4)に記載の態様によれば、鏡面の曲率が徐々に変化する。この結果、光の集中を防止することができる。
したがって、上記(4)に記載の態様によれば、視認性をより向上させることができる。
特に、後部遠方を映す反射鏡の上部領域では、車幅方向の鏡面の長さが短くなる。上記(5)に記載の態様によれば、車幅方向の鏡面の長さが短くなる分を凸面によって鏡像の縮尺率を大きくすることによって、車幅方向の鏡面の長さが短くなる事を是正することができる。したがって、上記(5)に記載の発明によれば、車庫入れ時のように最大舵角で車両を後退させるような場合にも、車両の進行予測範囲を鏡面に確実に映し出すことができる。
さらに、上記(6)に記載の態様によれば、鏡面の曲率が徐々に変化する。この結果、光の集中を防止することができる。
したがって、上記(6)に記載の態様によれば、視認性をより向上させることができる。
図1は、跳ね上げ式のバックドア2(テールゲート)を備えたワンボックスタイプの車両1の後部側の側面を示す図である。同図中3は、バックドア2の上部に設けられたリヤウィンドウである。4は、車両のルーフパネルを示す。5は、後部側のサイドドアを示す。Wrは、後輪を示す。なお、リヤウィンドウ3にはリヤウィンドウガラス6が取り付けられている。
バックドア2は、ルーフパネル4の左右の側縁の後端部に図示しないドアヒンジを介して回動自在に取り付けられている。バックドア2は、車幅方向の中央部が最も外側(車体後方側)に突出するように外側に湾曲する。バックドア2の上端部がルーフパネル4と滑らかに連続するように、バックドア2の上縁部が前部上方に向かって湾曲している。リヤウィンドウ3(リヤウィンドウガラス6)の上辺に隣接するバックドア2の車室内側の上縁部には、車室内の乗員に向けて車両1の後部下方(図1中のBの領域)を映すリヤアンダーミラー10が設置されている。リヤアンダーミラー10は、バックドア2の車幅方向の中央位置(車両1の車幅方向中央位置)に取り付けられている。
図4は、本実施形態に係るリヤアンダーミラー10の反射鏡12の曲率半径と形状との設定を模式的に示した図である。図5は、比較例に係る反射鏡200の曲率半径と形状との設定を同様に模式的に示した図である。
図5に示す比較例に係る反射鏡200では、略上下方向の凹面の曲率半径Rvが一定に設定されている。反射鏡200の鏡面は、凹凸湾曲面の基準点c(上下方向の中心位置)を中心に略正方形状に打ち抜かれている。
これに対し、図4に示す本実施形態に係る反射鏡12の場合、略上下方向の凹面の曲率半径Rvは、上部領域に比較して下部領域の方が小さくなるように設定されている。つまり、反射鏡12の略上下方向の凹面の曲げは下部領域ほど強くなっている。そして、反射鏡12の鏡面は、基準点cを中心に略正方形状に打ち抜かれていない。代わりに、反射鏡12の鏡面は、基準点cよりも下方の部位から、下辺側が上辺側よりも長く、かつ左右対称となる台形状に打ち抜かれている。
ただし、図5に示す比較例に係る反射鏡200では、基準点cを通る上下方向の中央の略水平方向の凸面の曲率半径Rhが最も小さい。そして、基準点cから上下にずれるにつれて略水平方向の凸面の曲率半径Rhが大きくなっている。
これに対し、図4に示す本実施形態に係る反射鏡12の場合、略水平方向の凸面の曲率半径Rhは、上部領域から下部領域に向かって徐々に大きくなっている。つまり、反射鏡12の略水平方向の凸面の曲げは下部領域ほど弱くなっている。
これに対し、図6Bに示す本実施形態に係る反射鏡12の場合、反射鏡12の鏡面の形状は、凹凸湾曲面の基準点cより下方の部位から、下辺側が上辺側よりも長く、かつ、左右対称の台形状に打ち抜いた形状である。上辺から下辺に向かって曲率半径Rhが徐々に大きくなるように(曲げが徐々に弱くなるように)、略水平方向の凸面が設定されている。このため、上辺側での鏡面による略水平方向の鏡像の縮尺率がより大きくなる。したがって、反射鏡12の鏡面に映る2本の直線L1,L2は、手前側から奥側に向かって直線的に映るように矯正される。この反射鏡12は、鏡面を覗き込む乗員に、奥行き方向の歪みによる違和感を与えることがない。
これに対し、図7Bに示した本実施形態に係る反射鏡12の場合、反射鏡12の略上下方向の凹面が、上辺から下辺に向かって曲率半径Rvが徐々に小さくなるように(曲げが徐々に強くなるように)設定されている。このため、下辺側での鏡面による略上下方向の縮尺率がより大きくなる。したがって、反射鏡12の鏡面に映る対象物は、一定速度で接近するように矯正されることになる。この反射鏡12の場合、鏡面を覗き込む乗員に対象物の移動速度の変化による違和感を与えることがない。
これに対し、図9C、9Dに示す本実施形態に係る反射鏡12の場合、鏡面の下端近傍の領域aの曲率半径Rvが急激に縮小している。また、鏡面の下端近傍領域での上下方向の縮尺率が大きくなっている。このため、この領域で上下方向に広い領域を映り込ませることができる。運転席の乗員の視点高さが異なっても自車両の車体後部15の映り方(映り込み量)は大きく変動することがない。したがって、この反射鏡12の場合、車体の後部遠方の映り込み量が少なくなったり、鏡面自体の上下方向の長さを延ばしたりすることなく、自車両の車体後部15を乗員の視点高さの相違に拘わらず鏡面に確実に映り込ませることができる。
一方、反射鏡12の下辺は上辺よりも長いことから、下辺側の反射領域を充分に広く確保できる。下辺側では、反射鏡12の略水平方向の凸面の円弧が長くなることから、車体前後方向の占有長さが長くなる。しかし、リヤアンダーミラー10の後方に配置されるリヤウィンドウガラス6は車体の後部下方に向かって斜めに傾斜している。このため、リヤアンダーミラー10の下部側領域の車体前後方向の占有スペースの増大は、このリヤウィンドウガラス6の傾斜によって許容される。したがって、リヤアンダーミラー10の下部側領域の車室内方向の張り出し量は大きく増大することがない。
また、反射鏡12の鏡面が左右対称であるため、凹凸面鏡特有の課題である左右の目の示唆による見難さも容易に解消することができる。
このリヤアンダーミラー10では、反射鏡12の上部領域の車幅方向の鏡面の長さが下部領域の車幅方向の鏡面の長さよりも短くなっている。しかし、上部領域の縮尺率が大きく設定されている。このため、車体後部の遠方側を車幅方向に広角に映し出すことができる。したがって、このリヤアンダーミラー10を用いることにより、例えば、車庫入れ時のように最大舵角で車両を後退させる場合にも、車両の進行予測範囲を鏡面に確実に映し出すことができる。
リヤアンダーミラー1010は、反射鏡1012と、反射鏡1012を保持するホルダー1013(図11,図13参照)を備え、ホルダー1013にブラケット1007(図10参照)が連結されている。なお、図12では、反射鏡1012のみを単体で示し、図13では、反射鏡1012に映る車体後部下方の像(鏡像)を併せて記載している。また、図13中、1002mは、反射鏡1012に映ったバックドア1002の鏡像であり、T1001m,T1002mは、反射鏡1012に映った目印対象物T1001,T1002の鏡像である。
反射鏡1012の車幅方向の湾曲は一定の曲率半径ではなく、図12に示すように、運転席(乗員M1000)に近接する車幅方向の一端側(車両右側)の領域の曲率半径Rh1001よりも車幅方向の他端側(車両左側)の領域の曲率半径Rh1002の方が大きくなるように設定されている。また、反射鏡1012の上下方向の湾曲も一定の曲率半径ではなく、運転席(乗員M1000)に近接する車幅方向の一端側(車両右側)の領域の曲率半径Rv1001よりも車幅方向の他端側(車両左側)の領域の曲率半径Rv1002の方が大きくなるように設定されている。
そして、反射鏡1012の車幅方向と上下方向のいずれの曲率半径についても、運転席に近接する車幅方向の一端側から車幅方向の他端側に向かって徐々に大きくなるように設定されている。
左ハンドル車の場合、前述した右ハンドルの場合とは運転席の位置が左右で異なる。このため、反射鏡1012上の凸面の曲率半径の大きい領域が左右で異なる。運転席(乗員M1000)に近接する車幅方向の一端側の領域の曲率半径Rh1001よりも車幅方向の他端側の領域の曲率半径Rh1002の方が大きくなっている。
このリヤアンダーミラー1010の場合にも、前述と同様の効果を得ることができる。
図17は、車両1101の模式的な平面図である。車両1101は、車体後部に跳ね上げ式のバックドア1002を備えた右ハンドル車である。バックドア1002の車室内側の上縁部には、運転席の乗員M1000に向けて車体の後部下方を映すリヤアンダーミラー1110が取り付けられている。本実施形態に係る場合、リヤアンダーミラー1110はリヤウィンドウガラス1006の前方側(車室内側)に配置されている。また、リヤアンダーミラー1110は、バックドア1002(車体後部)の車幅方向の中心位置に配置されている。
これにより、運転席の乗員M1000は、図20に示すように、車幅方向の中心Cc1000から左右等距離に配置された目印対象物T1001,T1002をほぼ同一形状・同一サイズの鏡像T1001m,T1002mとして視認することができる。したがって、運転者M1000は、後部下方の対象物の大きさや距離感を迅速かつ正確に把握することができる。
そして、このリヤアンダーミラー1110の場合、反射鏡1112が凹凸面鏡によって構成され、図20に示すように車体の後部下方を正立鏡像として映すことができる。この結果、運転席の乗員M1000に違和感を与えることなく、車体の後部下方の状況を正確に認識させることができる。
左ハンドル車の場合の反射鏡1112は、凹面,凸面のいずれについても曲率半径の大きい領域が左右で異なる。運転席(乗員M1000)に近接する車幅方向の一端側の領域の曲率半径Rh1003よりも車幅方向の他端側の領域の曲率半径Rh1004の方が大きくなっている。
10…リヤアンダーミラー
12…反射鏡
1003…リヤウィンドウ
1010,1110…リヤアンダーミラー
1012,1112…反射鏡
Claims (16)
- リヤウィンドウガラスの車室内側の上縁部の近傍に設置されるリヤアンダーミラーであって、
運転席に向けて車両の後部下方を映す反射鏡を備え、
前記反射鏡は、略上下方向が凹面になり略水平方向が凸面になる鏡面を有する凹凸面鏡を備え;
前記反射鏡の形状は、正面視で下辺が上辺よりも長い台形状であることを特徴とするリヤアンダーミラー。 - 前記反射鏡の前記鏡面は、車幅方向で左右対称であることを特徴とする請求項1に記載のリヤアンダーミラー。
- 前記反射鏡の前記略上下方向の前記凹面の曲率半径は、上部領域に比較して下部領域の方が小さいことを特徴とする請求項1に記載のリヤアンダーミラー。
- 前記反射鏡の前記略上下方向の前記凹面の曲率半径は、前記上部領域から前記下部領域に向かうに連れて小さくなることを特徴とする請求項3に記載のリヤアンダーミラー。
- 前記反射鏡の前記略水平方向の前記凸面の曲率半径は、上部領域に比較して下部領域の方が大きいことを特徴とする請求項1に記載のリヤアンダーミラー。
- 前記反射鏡の前記略水平方向の前記凸面の曲率半径は、前記上部領域から前記下部領域に向かうに連れて大きくなることを特徴とする請求項5に記載のリヤアンダーミラー。
- 前記反射鏡の下端近傍の領域に、前記略上下方向の前記凹面の曲率半径が他の領域に比較して小さい強曲げ領域を備えることを特徴とする請求項1に記載のリヤアンダーミラー。
- 前記反射鏡の前記略上下方向の前記凹面の前記下端近傍領域は、前記車両の後端部を映すことを特徴とする請求項7に記載のリヤアンダーミラー。
- 車両の後部のリヤウィンドウの近傍に設けられるリヤアンダーミラーであって、
運転席に向けて前記車両の前記後部の下方を映す反射鏡を備え、
前記反射鏡の鏡面の曲率半径は、前記運転席に近接する車幅方向の一端側よりも前記車幅方向の他端側の方が大きいことを特徴とするリヤアンダーミラー。 - 前記鏡面は、略水平方向が凸形状の凸面を備えることを特徴とする請求項9に記載のリヤアンダーミラー。
- 前記鏡面は、略水平方向が凹形状の凹面を備えることを特徴とする請求項9に記載のリヤアンダーミラー。
- 前記鏡面は、略上下方向が凸形状の凸面を備えることを特徴とする請求項9に記載のリヤアンダーミラー。
- 前記鏡面は、略上下方向が凹形状の凹面を備えることを特徴とする請求項9に記載のリヤアンダーミラー。
- 前記鏡面は、前記運転席に近接する前記車幅方向の前記一端側から前記車幅方向の前記他端側に向かうに連れて前記曲率半径が大きくなることを特徴とする請求項9に記載のリヤアンダーミラー。
- 前記反射鏡の湾曲は、前記運転席に近接する前記車幅方向の前記一端側と前記車幅方向の前記他端側とで、前記車幅方向の中心から同距離にある同一サイズの対象物が同等の大きさの像として映るように設定されていることを特徴とする請求項9に記載のリヤアンダーミラー。
- 前記反射鏡が前記車両の前記後部の前記車幅方向の中心に位置することを特徴とする請求項9に記載のリヤアンダーミラー。
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US13/640,565 US8967816B2 (en) | 2010-04-27 | 2011-04-26 | Rear under mirror |
EP11774987.9A EP2565083B1 (en) | 2010-04-27 | 2011-04-26 | Rear under mirror |
JP2012512849A JP5571775B2 (ja) | 2010-04-27 | 2011-04-26 | リヤアンダーミラー |
CN201180019039.2A CN102844226B (zh) | 2010-04-27 | 2011-04-26 | 后下视镜 |
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JP2014148241A (ja) * | 2013-01-31 | 2014-08-21 | Daihatsu Motor Co Ltd | 車両のリヤアンダミラー |
JP2014234055A (ja) * | 2013-05-31 | 2014-12-15 | ダイハツ工業株式会社 | 車両のリヤアンダミラー |
JP2014234056A (ja) * | 2013-05-31 | 2014-12-15 | ダイハツ工業株式会社 | 車両のリヤアンダミラー |
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KR101897869B1 (ko) * | 2016-07-07 | 2018-10-04 | 고려대학교 산학협력단 | 비구면거울이 내장된 레이저수술장치 |
US20190283675A1 (en) * | 2018-03-13 | 2019-09-19 | Tsung-Ming Wang | Driving Auxiliary Mirror Apparatus for Assisting Viewing of Rear Vehicle |
CN113671711A (zh) * | 2021-08-25 | 2021-11-19 | 安徽省东超科技有限公司 | 显示系统以及车辆 |
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EP2565083A1 (en) | 2013-03-06 |
EP2565083A4 (en) | 2013-10-09 |
JP5571775B2 (ja) | 2014-08-13 |
JPWO2011136206A1 (ja) | 2013-07-22 |
EP2565083B1 (en) | 2014-04-16 |
US20130033774A1 (en) | 2013-02-07 |
JP2014169086A (ja) | 2014-09-18 |
US8967816B2 (en) | 2015-03-03 |
CN102844226A (zh) | 2012-12-26 |
CN102844226B (zh) | 2015-05-06 |
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