WO2011111627A1 - 炭化珪素半導体装置およびその製造方法 - Google Patents
炭化珪素半導体装置およびその製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- H01L29/76—Unipolar devices, e.g. field effect transistors
- H01L29/772—Field effect transistors
- H01L29/78—Field effect transistors with field effect produced by an insulated gate
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- H01L21/0445—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having potential barriers, e.g. a PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer the devices having semiconductor bodies comprising crystalline silicon carbide
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- H01L21/8213—Manufacture or treatment of devices consisting of a plurality of solid state components or integrated circuits formed in, or on, a common substrate with subsequent division of the substrate into plural individual devices to produce devices, e.g. integrated circuits, each consisting of a plurality of components the substrate being a semiconductor, using SiC technology
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- H01L29/1608—Silicon carbide
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a silicon carbide semiconductor device and a method for manufacturing the same, and more particularly to a silicon carbide semiconductor device that exhibits excellent electrical characteristics and a method for manufacturing the same.
- Patent Document 1 JP 2009-158933 A (hereinafter referred to as Patent Document 1)).
- Patent Document 1 after an epitaxial film made of silicon carbide is formed on the surface of a silicon carbide substrate, an oxide film is formed on the surface of the epitaxial film. Thereafter, an annealing process is performed in a nitrogen-containing atmosphere, and an annealing process using an argon gas as the atmosphere is performed.
- Patent Document 1 by performing such a process, the interface state density at the boundary between the epitaxial film and the oxide film can be reduced, and as a result, the carrier mobility in the epitaxial film can be increased. It is said.
- the present invention has been made to solve the above problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a silicon carbide semiconductor device having excellent electrical characteristics such as channel mobility and a method for manufacturing the same. That is.
- the inventor has advanced research on various processes in order to reduce the interface state density in the vicinity of the interface between the semiconductor film made of silicon carbide and the oxide film, and has completed the present invention. That is, as a technique for reducing the interface state density in the vicinity of the interface between the semiconductor device made of silicon carbide and the oxide film, as disclosed in Prior Document 1, after performing a heat treatment in a nitrogen-containing atmosphere, Furthermore, by performing post heat treatment in an inert gas, it is possible to reduce the interface state density to some extent, but as a result of examining the conditions of post heat treatment, the heat treatment temperature in post heat treatment is reduced in a nitrogen-containing atmosphere. The present inventors have found a new finding that the interface state density in the vicinity of the interface can be further reduced by raising the temperature above the heat treatment temperature.
- a method for manufacturing a silicon carbide semiconductor device includes a step of preparing a semiconductor film made of silicon carbide, a step of forming an oxide film on the surface of the semiconductor film, and an oxide film A step of heat-treating the semiconductor film formed with nitrogen in an atmosphere containing nitrogen, and a step of post-heat-treating the semiconductor film on which the oxide film is formed in an atmosphere containing an inert gas after the step of heat treatment Prepare.
- the heat treatment temperature in the post heat treatment step exceeds the heat treatment temperature in the heat treatment step and is lower than the melting point of the oxide film.
- a method for manufacturing a silicon carbide semiconductor device includes a step of preparing a semiconductor film made of silicon carbide, a step of forming an insulating film on the surface of the semiconductor film, and a semiconductor film having the insulating film formed thereon.
- a semiconductor film on which the insulating film is formed is post-heat-treated.
- the heat treatment temperature in the post heat treatment step exceeds the heat treatment temperature in the heat treatment step and is lower than the melting point of the insulating film.
- a method for manufacturing a silicon carbide semiconductor device includes a step of preparing a semiconductor film made of silicon carbide, a step of forming an insulating film on the surface of the semiconductor film by a deposition method, and an insulating film is formed And post-heat-treating the formed semiconductor film.
- the heat treatment temperature in the post heat treatment step exceeds the theoretical temperature in the step of forming the insulating film and is lower than the melting point of the insulating film.
- the heat treatment temperature in the post heat treatment step is lower than the heat treatment temperature in the heat treatment in the nitrogen-containing atmosphere (nitrogen-containing atmosphere), so that the semiconductor film and the oxide film (insulating film) The interface state density at the interface can be reduced.
- the carrier channel mobility at the interface between the semiconductor film and the oxide film (interface between the semiconductor film and the insulating film) can be improved, so that a silicon carbide semiconductor device having excellent electrical characteristics can be obtained.
- the semiconductor film and the oxide film (insulating film) are formed by heat treatment (first heat treatment) in (nitrogen-containing atmosphere).
- the lower limit of the heat treatment temperature of the post heat treatment is the heat treatment temperature of the first heat treatment because the second heat treatment is performed at a temperature exceeding the heat treatment temperature of the first heat treatment. This is because the reduction of the interface state density becomes clearer as compared with the conventional method.
- the upper limit of the heat treatment temperature of the post heat treatment is set to be lower than the melting point of the oxide film (insulating film) in order to prevent the oxide film or the insulating film from being melted by the post heat treatment.
- the melting point of the silicon oxide film (SiO 2 ) is about 1610 ° C.
- the upper limit of the heat treatment temperature of the post heat treatment is about 1500 ° C. (the softening point of SiO 2 is about 1500 ° C. (ULVAC, Inc., “New Edition Vacuum” Handbook ", Ohm Co., 2002, p. 114 (Refer to the softening temperature of quartz glass (SiO 2 )).
- a silicon carbide semiconductor device is manufactured using the above-described method for manufacturing a silicon carbide semiconductor device.
- the interface state density in the vicinity of the interface between the semiconductor film and the oxide film or the insulating film is reduced.
- the oxide film or the insulating film is used as a gate insulating film.
- the ratio of the channel resistance component in the device element on-resistance can be reduced. As a result, a silicon carbide semiconductor device with high breakdown voltage and low loss can be realized.
- a silicon carbide semiconductor device having a reduced interface state density and excellent electrical characteristics can be obtained.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a first embodiment of a semiconductor device according to the present invention.
- 2 is a flowchart for explaining a method of manufacturing the semiconductor device shown in FIG. 3 is a graph showing a heat pattern in a nitrogen annealing step and a post heat treatment step in the method for manufacturing the semiconductor device shown in FIG. 2.
- It is a cross-sectional schematic diagram for demonstrating the process of the manufacturing method shown in FIG.
- FIG. 7 is a schematic cross sectional view for illustrating the method for manufacturing the semiconductor device shown in FIG. 6.
- FIG. 7 is a schematic cross sectional view for illustrating the method for manufacturing the semiconductor device shown in FIG. 6.
- FIG. 10 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a first modification of the second embodiment of the semiconductor device shown in FIG. 6.
- FIG. 10 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a second modification of the second embodiment of the semiconductor device shown in FIG. 6.
- FIG. 10 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a third modification of the second embodiment of the semiconductor device shown in FIG. 6.
- It is a cross-sectional schematic diagram which shows Embodiment 3 of the semiconductor device by this invention.
- 13 is a flowchart for explaining a manufacturing method of the semiconductor device shown in FIG. It is a plane schematic diagram of the sample prepared for experiment.
- FIG. 10 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a first modification of the second embodiment of the semiconductor device shown in FIG. 6.
- FIG. 10 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a second modification of the second embodiment of the semiconductor device shown in FIG. 6.
- FIG. 15 is a schematic cross-sectional view taken along line XV-XV in FIG. 14. It is a graph which shows the heat pattern of the heat processing in the manufacturing method of a sample. It is a graph which shows the relationship between an interface state density and the energy at the time of making a conduction band into a reference
- a semiconductor device 1 shown in FIG. 1 is a lateral MOSFET (Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor Field-Effect Transistor) as a silicon carbide semiconductor device, and includes a substrate 2 made of silicon carbide (SiC), and on the substrate 2.
- An epitaxial layer 3 made of silicon carbide formed, a p-type layer 4 made of silicon carbide formed on the epitaxial layer 3, and an n + region 5 formed on the surface of the p-type layer 4 at an interval; 6, oxide film 8 as a gate insulating film located on the channel region between n + regions 5 and 6, gate electrode 10 formed on oxide film 8, and n + regions 5 and 6.
- a source electrode 11 and a drain electrode 12 formed on each are provided.
- a substrate made of SiC and having an arbitrary plane orientation and off-angle can be used as the substrate 2.
- a substrate having a ⁇ 03-38 ⁇ plane whose main surface is an off angle of about 53 ° with respect to the plane orientation ⁇ 0001 ⁇ can be used as the substrate 2.
- the substrate 2 contains n-type conductive impurities.
- Epitaxial layer 3 made of silicon carbide formed on substrate 2 is an undoped layer.
- the p-type layer 4 formed on the epitaxial layer 3 contains p-type conductive impurities.
- the n + regions 5 and 6 are implanted with n-type conductive impurities.
- Oxide films 7 and 8 are formed so as to cover p-type layer 4 and n + regions 5 and 6. Openings are formed in the oxide films 7 and 8 in regions located on the n + regions 5 and 6. Inside the opening, a source electrode 11 and a drain electrode 12 electrically connected to each of the n + regions 5 and 6 are formed.
- a gate electrode 10 is disposed on the oxide film 8 that acts as a gate insulating film.
- the channel length L g which is the distance between the n + regions 5 and 6 can be set to about 100 ⁇ m, for example.
- the channel width may be, for example, about 2 times the channel length L g (about 200 [mu] m).
- the heat treatment temperature in the post heat treatment step after the nitrogen annealing treatment is set higher than the heat treatment temperature in the nitrogen annealing treatment, as will be described later.
- the interface state density at the interface with the oxide film 8 is sufficiently reduced.
- nitrogen-containing atmosphere for example, nitrogen oxide is used, and specifically, NO (nitrogen monoxide) gas or N 2 O (dinitrogen monoxide) is used.
- NO nitrogen monoxide
- N 2 O dinitrogen monoxide
- a nitride film such as a silicon nitride film or an arbitrary insulating film such as a silicon oxynitride film may be used.
- a substrate preparation step (S10) is performed.
- a 4H—SiC n-type substrate is prepared as the substrate 2.
- any plane orientation can be adopted as the plane orientation of the main surface of the substrate to be prepared.
- a substrate having a main surface that is inclined from the (0001) plane by a predetermined off-angle (for example, about 8 ° or less) may be used.
- a plane orientation ⁇ 03-38 ⁇ plane may be defined as the main surface.
- An n-type silicon carbide substrate may be prepared as the substrate 2.
- Such a substrate having a ⁇ 03-38 ⁇ plane as a main surface is obtained by, for example, cutting a substrate from an ingot having a (0001) plane as a main surface so that the ⁇ 03-38 ⁇ plane is exposed as the main surface. Obtainable.
- an epitaxial layer forming step (S20) is performed. Specifically, undoped silicon carbide epitaxial layer 3 (see FIG. 1) is formed on substrate 2.
- an injection step (S25) is performed. Specifically, first, a p-type layer 4 (see FIG. 1) is formed by injecting a conductive impurity (for example, aluminum (Al)) having p-type conductivity into the epitaxial layer 3. Next, n + regions 5 and 6 (see FIG. 1) are formed by implanting an impurity having n-type conductivity.
- a conductive impurity for example, aluminum (Al)
- n + regions 5 and 6 are formed by implanting an impurity having n-type conductivity.
- the n-type conductive impurity for example, phosphorus (P) can be used.
- any conventionally known method can be used.
- the opening having the same planar shape pattern as the planar shape pattern of the region where the n + regions 5 and 6 are to be formed by photolithography and etching Is formed on the oxide film. Further, conductive impurities are implanted using the oxide film on which this pattern is formed as a mask. In this way, the n + regions 5 and 6 described above can be formed.
- an activation annealing process is performed to activate the implanted impurities.
- this activation annealing treatment for example, conditions where the heating temperature is 1700 ° C. and the heating time is 30 minutes may be used.
- a gate insulating film forming step (S30) is performed. Specifically, after sacrificial oxidation treatment is performed on the upper surfaces of the p-type layer 4 and the n + regions 5 and 6, an oxide film 7 as a gate insulating film is formed as shown in FIG. As the thickness of the oxide film 7, for example, a value of 40 nm can be used. As a method for forming oxide film 7, for example, thermal oxidation may be used. As conditions for the thermal oxidation treatment, for example, an oxidation temperature may be 1100 ° C. or higher and 1400 ° C. or lower, and an oxygen-containing atmosphere or a diluted oxygen atmosphere may be used as the atmosphere.
- the time for the thermal oxidation treatment is arbitrarily determined according to the thickness of the oxide film 7 to be formed. Note that before the gate insulating film formation step (S30), the upper surfaces of the p-type layer 4 and the n + regions 5 and 6 may be cleaned (a pre-oxidation cleaning step may be performed). As a cleaning method used in the cleaning, any conventionally known cleaning method can be used.
- a silicon nitride film, a silicon oxynitride film, or the like may be formed instead of the oxide film 7.
- a method for forming the gate insulating film a method other than the thermal oxidation method as described above may be used.
- a film (such as an oxide film, a nitride film, or an oxynitride film) to be a gate insulating film may be formed using a deposition method such as a CVD method.
- the gate insulating film formed using a deposition method may be annealed. The heating temperature in the annealing treatment is preferably higher than the treatment temperature in the step of depositing the film.
- an atmosphere containing an inert gas, hydrogen (H 2 ), water (H 20 ), phosphorus oxychloride (POCl 3 ), nitrogen monoxide (NO), dinitrogen monoxide an atmosphere containing at least one selected from the group consisting of (N 2 O) can be used.
- a nitrogen annealing step (S40) is performed as shown in FIG. Specifically, heat treatment is performed using nitrogen monoxide (NO) gas or dinitrogen monoxide (N 2 O) gas as the atmospheric gas. As conditions for this heat treatment, for example, a heating temperature of 1100 ° C. to 1300 ° C. and a heating time of, for example, about 1 hour can be used. As a result, nitrogen atoms can be introduced into the interface region between oxide film 7 and p-type layer 4 and n + regions 5 and 6. In addition, you may implement the post heat treatment process (S50) mentioned later, without implementing this nitrogen annealing process (S40).
- NO nitrogen monoxide
- N 2 O dinitrogen monoxide
- a post heat treatment step (S50) is performed. Specifically, heat treatment is performed using an inert gas as the atmospheric gas.
- an inert gas can be used as the atmospheric gas, for example, argon (Ar) gas or nitrogen gas (N 2 ) can be used as the atmospheric gas.
- the atmosphere in the post heat treatment (S50) is replaced with an inert gas atmosphere as described above, hydrogen (H 2 ), water (H 2 O), phosphorus oxychloride (POCl 3 ), and nitric oxide (NO).
- An atmosphere containing at least one selected from the group consisting of dinitrogen monoxide (N 2 O) (for example, a gas atmosphere obtained by diluting any one of the above with an inert gas) may be used.
- the atmosphere gas has an effect of terminating dangling bonds at the interface between the oxide film 7 and silicon carbide.
- the gate insulating film forming step (S30) when the oxide film 7 or another insulating film is formed as a gate insulating film by using a deposition method, it is placed in an oxygen atmosphere before the post heat treatment step (S50).
- a substrate on which a film to be the gate insulating film is formed may be disposed and heat treated. In this heat treatment, at least a part of silicon carbide located under the film to be the gate insulating film is oxidized.
- the heat treatment temperature in the post heat treatment step (S50) is set higher than the heat treatment temperature in the nitrogen annealing step (S40) as shown in FIG.
- the horizontal axis indicates the processing time (unit: minutes), and the vertical axis indicates the temperature (heat treatment temperature, unit: ° C.).
- the heat treatment temperature (T2) in the post heat treatment step (heating time: b) is the heat treatment temperature (T1) in the nitrogen annealing step (heating time: a). ) Is higher.
- the heat treatment temperature (T1) in the nitrogen annealing step is 1100 ° C.
- the heat treatment temperature (T2) in the post heat treatment step is over 1100 ° C. and 1500 ° C. or less, more preferably 1200 ° C. or more and 1400 ° C. or less. it can.
- the heat treatment temperature in the post heat treatment step (S50) is the processing temperature in the deposition method. It is preferably higher and lower than the melting point of the formed gate insulating film.
- a second insulating film as an upper insulating film may be formed on the oxide film 7.
- an oxide film or a nitride film may be formed using a deposition method.
- the second insulating film SiN, SiON, HfO 2 , ZrO 2 , Ta 2 O 3 , La 2 O 3 , silicate (ZrAl x O y ), aluminate (HfAl x O y ), HfAlO x , TiO 3 , a film containing Al 2 O 3 , AlON, AlN, Si x N y, or the like may be formed.
- a third insulating film such as an oxide film or a nitride film may be formed on the second insulating film.
- These second and / or third insulating films may be formed in the step (S30), but may be formed after the step (S40) or after the step (S50).
- an insulating film having a laminated structure may be formed instead of the oxide film 7.
- an ONO film laminated as an oxide film / nitride film / oxide film may be formed from the substrate side.
- an electrode formation step (S60) is performed as shown in FIG. Specifically, a resist film having a pattern is formed on the oxide film 7 by photolithography. Using this resist film as a mask, the oxide film 7 is partially removed to form an opening 15 in a region located above the n + regions 5 and 6. A conductor film to be the source electrode 11 and the drain electrode 12 is formed in the opening 15 as shown in FIG. This conductor film is formed with the above-described resist film remaining. Thereafter, the resist film is removed, and the conductor film located on the oxide film 7 is removed (lifted off) together with the resist film, whereby the source electrode 11 and the drain electrode 12 can be formed as shown in FIG. it can. At this time, the oxide film 8 (a part of the oxide film 7 shown in FIG. 4) located between the source electrode 11 and the drain electrode 12 becomes a gate insulating film of the semiconductor device to be formed.
- a gate electrode 10 (see FIG. 1) is further formed on the oxide film 8 acting as a gate insulating film.
- the following method can be used. For example, a resist film having an opening pattern located in a region on the oxide film 8 is formed in advance, and a conductor film constituting the gate electrode is formed so as to cover the entire surface of the resist film. Then, by removing the resist film, the conductor film other than the portion of the conductor film to be the gate electrode is removed (lifted off). As a result, the gate electrode 10 is formed as shown in FIG. In this way, a semiconductor device as shown in FIG. 1 can be obtained.
- semiconductor device 1 is a vertical DiMOSFET (Double Implanted MOSFET), and includes substrate 2, buffer layer 21, breakdown voltage holding layer 22, p region 23, n + region 24, p +.
- the region 25, the oxide film 26, the source electrode 11 and the upper source electrode 27, the gate electrode 10, and the drain electrode 12 formed on the back side of the substrate 2 are provided.
- buffer layer 21 made of silicon carbide is formed on the surface of substrate 2 made of silicon carbide having the conductivity type n.
- Buffer layer 21 is n-type in conductivity type and has a thickness of 0.5 ⁇ m, for example.
- the concentration of the n-type conductive impurity in the buffer layer can be set to 5 ⁇ 10 17 cm ⁇ 3 , for example.
- a breakdown voltage holding layer 22 is formed on the buffer layer 21.
- the breakdown voltage holding layer 22 is made of silicon carbide of n-type conductivity, and has a thickness of 10 ⁇ m, for example. Further, as the concentration of the n-type conductive impurity in the breakdown voltage holding layer 22, a value of 5 ⁇ 10 15 cm ⁇ 3 can be used.
- p regions 23 having a p-type conductivity are formed at intervals. Inside the p region 23, an n + region 24 is formed in the surface layer of the p region 23. A p + region 25 is formed at a position adjacent to the n + region 24. From the n + region 24 in one p region 23 to the p region 23, the breakdown voltage holding layer 22 exposed between the two p regions 23, the other p region 23, and the n + region 24 in the other p region 23 An oxide film 26 is formed so as to extend up to. A gate electrode 10 is formed on the oxide film 26. Further, the source electrode 11 is formed on the n + region 24 and the p + region 25. An upper source electrode 27 is formed on the source electrode 11. In the substrate 2, the drain electrode 12 is formed on the back surface opposite to the surface on which the buffer layer 21 is formed.
- an interface region for example, a region within 10 nm from the interface
- a nitrogen annealing process described later is performed. Nitrogen atoms are introduced, and the termination of dangling bonds is promoted by the nitrogen atoms in the post-heat treatment process, and the diffusion of carbon atoms to the outside of the interface region is promoted, so that the interface state density is sufficiently high. Has been reduced. In this way, the mobility of the channel region under the oxide film 26 (part of the p region 23 that is in contact with the oxide film 26 and between the n + region 24 and the breakdown voltage holding layer 22) is shown in FIG. This can be improved in the same manner as the semiconductor device shown in FIG.
- the substrate preparation step (S10) is performed in the same manner as in the method for manufacturing the semiconductor device shown in FIG.
- a silicon carbide substrate having an arbitrary plane orientation can be prepared in the same manner as in the method of manufacturing a semiconductor device in the first embodiment of the present invention.
- silicon carbide having a ⁇ 03-38 ⁇ plane as a main surface can be used as the substrate.
- a substrate 2 made of is prepared.
- the substrate 2 for example, a substrate having an n-type conductivity and a substrate resistance of 0.02 ⁇ cm may be used.
- an epitaxial layer forming step (S20) is performed.
- the buffer layer 21 (see FIG. 6) is formed on the surface of the substrate 2.
- an epitaxial layer made of silicon carbide of n-type conductivity for example, having a thickness of 0.5 ⁇ m is formed.
- a breakdown voltage holding layer 22 is formed on the buffer layer 21.
- a layer made of silicon carbide of n-type conductivity is formed by an epitaxial growth method.
- a value of 10 ⁇ m can be used as the thickness of the breakdown voltage holding layer 22.
- concentration of the n-type conductive impurity in the breakdown voltage holding layer 22 for example, a value of 5 ⁇ 10 15 cm ⁇ 3 can be used.
- an implantation step (S25) is performed in the same manner as the step shown in FIG. Specifically, p region 23 (see FIG. 6) is formed by implanting p-type impurity into breakdown voltage holding layer 22 using an oxide film formed by photolithography and etching as a mask. To do. Further, after removing the used oxide film, an oxide film having a new pattern is formed again by photolithography and etching. Then, using the oxide film as a mask, an n-type conductive impurity is implanted into a predetermined region, thereby forming an n + region 24 (see FIG. 6). Further, by using a similar method, a p + region 25 (see FIG. 6) is formed by injecting a p-type conductive impurity.
- activation annealing is performed.
- this activation annealing treatment for example, argon gas is used as an atmospheric gas, and conditions such as a heating temperature of 1700 ° C. and a heating time of 30 minutes can be used.
- a gate insulating film formation step (S30) is performed as in the step shown in FIG. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 7, an oxide film 26 is formed so as to cover the breakdown voltage holding layer 22, the p region 23, the n + region 24, and the p + region 25.
- a condition for forming this oxide film 26 for example, dry oxidation (thermal oxidation) may be performed.
- dry oxidation thermal oxidation
- conditions for this dry oxidation conditions such as a heating temperature of 1200 ° C. and a heating time of 30 minutes can be used.
- the oxide film forming method in the gate insulating film forming step (S30) is limited to thermal oxidation as described above. Any method (such as a CVD method) may be used instead.
- a nitrogen annealing step (S40) is performed as in the step shown in FIG. Specifically, the annealing process is performed using nitrogen monoxide (NO) as the atmosphere gas.
- NO nitrogen monoxide
- the heating temperature is 1100 ° C. and the heating time is 120 minutes.
- nitrogen atoms are introduced near the interface between the oxide film 26 and the underlying breakdown voltage holding layer 22, p region 23, n + region 24, and p + region 25.
- the post heat treatment step (S50) is performed in the same manner as the step shown in FIG. Specifically, annealing is performed using an inert gas (for example, argon (Ar) gas) as an atmosphere gas.
- argon gas may be used as the atmospheric gas, and the heating temperature may exceed 1100 ° C. and 1500 ° C. or less, more preferably 1200 ° C. or more and 1400 ° C. or less, and the heating time may be 60 minutes.
- the heat treatment temperature is set higher than the heat treatment temperature in the nitrogen annealing step (S40).
- an electrode formation step (S60) is performed in the same manner as the step shown in FIG. Specifically, a resist film having a pattern is formed on the oxide film 26 by using a photolithography method. Using the resist film as a mask, portions of the oxide film located on n + region 24 and p + region 25 are removed by etching. Thereafter, a conductor film such as a metal is formed so as to be in contact with n + region 24 and p + region 25 on the resist film and inside the opening formed in oxide film 26. Thereafter, by removing the resist film, the conductor film located on the resist film is removed (lifted off).
- nickel (Ni) can be used as the conductor.
- the source electrode 11 and the drain electrode 12 can be obtained.
- an argon (Ar) gas that is an inert gas is used as the atmosphere gas, and a heat treatment (alloying treatment) is performed with a heating temperature of 950 ° C. and a heating time of 2 minutes.
- the upper source electrode 27 (see FIG. 6) is formed on the source electrode 11. Further, the drain electrode 12 (see FIG. 8) is formed on the back surface of the substrate 2. In this way, the semiconductor device shown in FIG. 6 can be obtained.
- the first modification of the semiconductor device according to the second embodiment of the present invention basically has the same configuration as that of the semiconductor device shown in FIG. This is different from the semiconductor device shown in FIG. That is, in the semiconductor device shown in FIG. 9, the gate insulating film is not an insulating film formed by thermal oxidation, but an insulating film 36 formed using a deposition method such as a CVD method.
- an oxide film such as a silicon oxide film
- a nitride film such as a silicon nitride film
- an oxynitride film such as a silicon oxynitride film
- the film thickness of the source electrode 11 is almost the same as the film thickness of the insulating film 36, but the film thickness of the source electrode 11 may be larger than the film thickness of the insulating film 36. Further, it may be thinner than the film thickness of the insulating film 36. Even with such a configuration, the same effect as that of the semiconductor device shown in FIG. 6 can be obtained.
- the film formation in the gate insulating film forming step (S30) shown in FIG. The method is different. That is, similar to the method of manufacturing the semiconductor device shown in FIG. 6, after the steps (S10) to (S25) of FIG. 2 are performed, the insulating film 36 is formed using the deposition method as the gate insulating film forming step (S30). Form. Thereafter, the steps (S40) to (S60) in FIG. 2 are performed, whereby the semiconductor device shown in FIG. 9 can be obtained.
- the semiconductor device shown in FIG. 10 is a second modification of the second embodiment of the semiconductor device according to the present invention, and basically has the same configuration as the semiconductor device shown in FIG. However, the semiconductor device shown in FIG. 10 is different from the semiconductor device shown in FIG. 6 in the structure of the gate insulating film. That is, in the semiconductor device shown in FIG. 10, the gate insulating film has a stacked structure. Specifically, the gate insulating film in the semiconductor device illustrated in FIG. 10 includes a first insulating film 46 and a second insulating film 56 formed on the first insulating film 46.
- the first insulating film 46 an arbitrary insulating film such as an oxide film formed by thermal oxidation like the oxide film 26 in the semiconductor device shown in FIG. 6, or an oxide film or nitride film formed by a deposition method is used. Can be used.
- the second insulating film 56 any insulating film can be used, but an insulating film formed by a deposition method is preferably used.
- an oxide film for example, silicon oxide film
- a nitride film for example, silicon nitride film
- an oxynitride film for example, silicon oxynitride film
- the film thickness of the source electrode 11 is substantially the same as the film thickness of the first insulating film 46, but the film thickness of the source electrode 11 is thicker than the film thickness of the first insulating film 46.
- the film thickness may be smaller than the thickness of the first insulating film 46. Even with such a configuration, the same effect as that of the semiconductor device shown in FIG. 6 can be obtained.
- the first insulating film 46 is formed as the gate insulating film forming step (S30).
- a second insulating film 56 is formed on the first insulating film 46.
- any method such as a thermal oxidation method or a deposition method can be used.
- a method of forming the second insulating film 56 for example, a deposition method can be used.
- the steps (S40) to (S60) in FIG. 2 are performed, whereby the semiconductor device shown in FIG. 10 can be obtained.
- the semiconductor device shown in FIG. 11 is a third modification of the second embodiment of the semiconductor device according to the present invention, and basically has the same configuration as the semiconductor device shown in FIG. However, the semiconductor device shown in FIG. 11 is different from the semiconductor device shown in FIG. 6 in the structure of the gate insulating film. That is, in the semiconductor device shown in FIG. 11, the gate insulating film has a laminated structure having a three-layer structure. Specifically, the gate insulating film in the semiconductor device illustrated in FIG. 11 includes a first insulating film 46, a second insulating film 56 formed over the first insulating film 46, and a second insulating film. The third insulating film 66 is formed on the film 56.
- the first insulating film 46 an arbitrary insulating film such as an oxide film formed by thermal oxidation like the oxide film 26 in the semiconductor device shown in FIG. 6, or an oxide film or nitride film formed by a deposition method is used. Can be used.
- the second insulating film 56 any insulating film can be used, but an insulating film formed by a deposition method is preferably used.
- an oxide film for example, silicon oxide film
- a nitride film for example, silicon nitride film
- an oxynitride film for example, silicon oxynitride film
- the second insulating film 56 it is more preferable to use an insulating film other than a silicon oxide film (for example, a silicon nitride film).
- an insulating film formed by a deposition method may be used as the third insulating film 66.
- an oxide film (for example, a silicon oxide film) formed by a deposition method is preferably used as the third insulating film 66.
- a gate insulating film having a three-layer structure is disclosed in FIG. 11, an insulating film having a stacked structure of four or more layers may be used as the gate insulating film. In FIG.
- the film thickness of the source electrode 11 is smaller than the total film thickness of the first insulating film 46 and the second insulating film 56 and thicker than the film thickness of the first insulating film 46.
- the film thickness of the source electrode 11 may be equal to or less than the film thickness of the first insulating film 46, or may be thicker than the total film thickness of the first insulating film 46 and the second insulating film 56. . Even with such a configuration, the same effect as that of the semiconductor device shown in FIG. 6 can be obtained.
- the semiconductor device manufacturing method shown in FIG. 11 is basically the same as the semiconductor device manufacturing method shown in FIG. 6, but the contents of the gate insulating film forming step (S30) shown in FIG. Is different. That is, like the method for manufacturing the semiconductor device shown in FIG. 6, after the steps (S10) to (S25) of FIG. 2 are performed, the first insulating film 46 is formed as the gate insulating film forming step (S30). Thereafter, a second insulating film 56 is formed on the first insulating film 46, and a third insulating film 66 is further formed on the second insulating film 56.
- any method for forming the first insulating film 46 any method such as a thermal oxidation method or a deposition method can be used.
- a deposition method can be used as a method of forming the second insulating film 56.
- a method for forming the third insulating film 66 for example, a thermal oxidation method or a deposition method can be used. Thereafter, the steps (S40) to (S60) in FIG. 2 are performed, whereby the semiconductor device shown in FIG. 11 can be obtained.
- the configuration of the gate insulating film in the semiconductor device 1 shown in FIGS. 9 to 11 described above can be applied to the semiconductor device 1 shown in FIG. Specifically, instead of the oxide film 8 shown in FIG. 1, any one of the insulating film 36 shown in FIGS. 9 to 11 or the first to third insulating films 46, 56, and 66 may be applied. it can.
- semiconductor device 1 is a MOS capacitor, and includes a substrate 2 made of silicon carbide (SiC), an epitaxial layer 3 made of silicon carbide formed on substrate 2, and a surface of epitaxial layer 3. And an electrode 9 formed on the oxide film 7.
- Other electrodes may be formed on the back surface of the substrate 2 (the back surface opposite to the surface on which the epitaxial layer 3 is formed).
- the oxide film 7 for example, a silicon oxide film such as SiO 2 can be used.
- any conductor can be used as the material of the electrode 9, for example, a metal such as aluminum can be used.
- the interface state density in the vicinity of the interface between the oxide film 7 and the epitaxial layer 3 can be measured using, for example, a high-low method.
- the semiconductor device 1 shown in FIG. 12 is manufactured by applying the manufacturing method according to the present invention as will be described later, the interface state density in the vicinity of the interface between the epitaxial layer 3 and the oxide film 7 is sufficiently reduced. Has been. Instead of the oxide film 7 in the semiconductor device 1 shown in FIG. 12, any one of the insulating film 36 shown in FIGS. 9 to 11 or the first to third insulating films 46, 56, and 66 is applied. Also good.
- a substrate preparation step (S10) is performed.
- a substrate made of silicon carbide having an arbitrary plane orientation is prepared.
- an epitaxial layer forming step (S20) is performed. Specifically, undoped silicon carbide epitaxial layer 3 (see FIG. 12) is formed on substrate 2.
- an insulating film forming step (S35) is performed. Specifically, after the upper surface of the epitaxial layer 3 is subjected to sacrificial oxidation treatment, an oxide film 7 (see FIG. 12) is formed.
- thermal oxidation may be used.
- an oxidation temperature may be 1100 ° C. or higher and 1400 ° C. or lower, and an oxygen-containing atmosphere or a diluted oxygen atmosphere may be used as the atmosphere.
- the time for the thermal oxidation treatment is arbitrarily determined according to the thickness of the oxide film 7 to be formed.
- the upper surface of the epitaxial layer 3 may be cleaned before the insulating film forming step (S35) is performed (a pre-oxidation cleaning step may be performed).
- a cleaning method used in the cleaning any conventionally known cleaning method can be used.
- any film forming method such as a deposition method may be used in the insulating film forming step (S35).
- any one of the insulating film 36 shown in FIGS. 9 to 11 or the first to third insulating films 46, 56 and 66 is formed in place of the oxide film 7, it will be described with reference to FIGS.
- the film formation method can be used.
- a nitrogen annealing step (S40) is performed as shown in FIG. Specifically, heat treatment is performed using nitrogen monoxide (NO) gas as the atmospheric gas. As conditions for this heat treatment, for example, a heating temperature of 1100 ° C. to 1300 ° C. and a heating time of, for example, about 1 hour can be used. As a result, nitrogen atoms can be introduced into the interface region between the oxide film 7 and the epitaxial layer 3.
- NO nitrogen monoxide
- a post heat treatment step (S50) is performed. Specifically, heat treatment is performed using an inert gas as the atmospheric gas.
- an inert gas as the atmospheric gas.
- any inert gas can be used as in the post heat treatment step (S50) shown in FIG. 2, and for example, argon (Ar) gas can be used as the atmospheric gas.
- the heat treatment temperature in the post heat treatment step (S50) is set higher than the heat treatment temperature in the nitrogen annealing step (S40).
- the heat treatment temperature in the post heat treatment step (S50) exceeds 1100 ° C. and is 1500 ° C. or less, more preferably 1200 ° C. or more and 1400 ° C. or less. it can.
- an electrode formation step (S60) is performed as shown in FIG. Specifically, an electrode 9 (see FIG. 12) is formed on the oxide film 7.
- the following method can be used. For example, a resist film having an opening pattern located in a region on the oxide film 7 is formed in advance, and a conductor film constituting the electrode 9 is formed so as to cover the entire surface of the resist film. Then, by removing the resist film, the conductor film other than the portion of the conductor film to be the electrode 9 is removed (lifted off). As a result, an electrode 9 is formed as shown in FIG. In this way, a semiconductor device as shown in FIG. 12 can be obtained.
- a method of manufacturing a silicon carbide semiconductor device includes a semiconductor film made of silicon carbide (p-type layer 4 in FIG. 1, p region 23 in FIGS. 6, 9 to 11, and epitaxial layers in FIGS. 12 and 15). 3) preparing step (epitaxial layer forming step (S20)) and forming oxide films 7, 8 or insulating film 36 or first to third insulating films 46, 56, 66 on the surface of the semiconductor film (Gate insulating film forming step (S30) in FIG. 2 or insulating film forming step (S35) in FIG.
- a method for manufacturing a silicon carbide semiconductor device includes a step of preparing a semiconductor film made of silicon carbide (p-type layer 4 in FIG. 1, p-region 23 in FIG. 6, epitaxial layer 3 in FIGS. 12 and 15). (Epitaxial layer forming step (S20)) and a step of forming an insulating film (oxide films 7, 8 or insulating film 36 or first to third insulating films 46, 56, 66) on the surface of the semiconductor film (FIG. 2 gate insulating film forming step (S30) or insulating film forming step (S35) of FIG.
- a method for manufacturing a silicon carbide semiconductor device prepares a semiconductor film made of silicon carbide (p-type layer 4 in FIG. 1, p-region 23 in FIG. 6, epitaxial layer 3 in FIGS. 12 and 15).
- Step epitaxial layer forming step (S20)
- an insulating film oxide films 7, 8 or insulating film 36 or first to third insulating films 46, 56, 66
- a post heat treatment post heat treatment step (S50) on the semiconductor film on which the insulating film is formed.
- the heat treatment temperature in the post heat treatment step is higher than the treatment temperature in the step of forming the insulating film (S30) and lower than the melting point of the insulating film.
- the atmosphere in which the post heat treatment step (S50) is performed is an inert gas atmosphere, hydrogen (H 2 ), water (H 2 O), phosphorus oxychloride (POCl 3 ),
- the atmosphere may include at least one selected from the group consisting of nitric oxide (NO) and dinitrogen monoxide (N 2 O).
- the semiconductor film (FIG. 5) is obtained in a case where the heat treatment temperature in the post heat treatment step (S50) is equal to or lower than the heat treatment temperature in the nitrogen annealing step (S40) in an atmosphere containing nitrogen (nitrogen-containing atmosphere).
- 1 is the p-type layer 4, the p region 23 in FIG. 6, the epitaxial layer 3 in FIG. 12 and FIG. Can be reduced.
- a silicon carbide semiconductor device semiconductor device 1 having excellent electrical characteristics such as carrier mobility can be obtained.
- the heat treatment temperature in the post heat treatment step (S50) may be 1100 ° C. or higher and 1500 ° C. or lower.
- the oxide films 7 and 8 or the insulating film 36 or the first insulating film 46 is preferably a silicon oxide film. In this case, the effect of reducing the interface state density can be obtained more reliably.
- the lower limit of the heat treatment temperature in the post heat treatment step (S50) (heat treatment temperature in the second heat treatment) is set to 1100 ° C. by setting the heat treatment temperature in the second heat treatment to be equal to or higher than the temperature.
- the softening point of the silicon oxide film is about 1500 ° C.
- the insulating film forming step (S30), the nitrogen annealing step (S40), and the post heat treatment step (S50) may be performed continuously as shown in FIG. . Further, the gate insulating film forming step (S30) and the post heat treatment step (S50) may be performed continuously.
- the temperature of the semiconductor film and the insulating film (the oxide films 7, 8 or the insulating film 36 or the first to third insulating films 46, 56, 66) is once lowered, and thereafter
- the temperature of the semiconductor film and the insulating film is increased in order to perform the post heat treatment step (S50)
- defects such as cracks may occur in the insulating film due to thermal shock. Therefore, when the nitrogen annealing step (S40) and the post heat treatment step (S50) are continuously performed as described above, occurrence of such a thermal shock can be suppressed.
- an oxide film may be formed by a thermal oxidation method. In this case, an oxide film with excellent film quality can be formed as the gate insulating film.
- the step of forming an oxide film or the step of forming an insulating film includes an oxide film or an insulating film (oxide film 7) on the surface of the semiconductor film.
- oxide film , 8 or the insulating film 36 or the first to third insulating films 46, 56, 66) may be formed by a deposition method. If a film to be a gate insulating film is formed by such a deposition method, the degree of freedom in selecting the material of the gate insulating film can be increased.
- a film to be an oxide film or an insulating film (the oxide films 7 and 8 or the insulating film 36 or the first to third insulating films 46, 56, and 66) is formed by a deposition method.
- the semiconductor film on which a film to be an oxide film or an insulating film is formed is oxygenated. You may further provide the process heated in containing atmosphere. As a result, in the semiconductor film made of silicon carbide on which the oxide film is formed, the surface side on which the film to be the oxide film or the insulating film is formed can be oxidized.
- the oxygen-containing atmosphere diffuses in the deposited insulating film (for example, deposited oxide film) and reaches the silicon carbide surface, the silicon carbide surface is oxidized, and a better quality insulating film (for example, deposited oxide film), silicon carbide,
- the interface can be obtained.
- nitrogen-containing atmosphere for example, NO or N 2 O
- a hydrogen-containing atmosphere nitrogen or hydrogen is introduced into the interface between the deposited insulating film (for example, deposited oxide film) and silicon carbide, and the dangling bonds are terminated. Can also be expected. With these effects, the interface state density can be reduced.
- the upper insulating film (insulation of the second insulating films 56 and 3) is formed on the oxide film or on the insulating film (the oxide films 7 and 8 or the insulating film 36 or the first insulating film 46).
- a step of forming a film 66) may be further provided. Even in the silicon carbide semiconductor device having such a configuration, the above-described effects of the present invention can be obtained.
- a silicon carbide semiconductor device (semiconductor device 1 shown in FIGS. 1, 6, 9 to 12, and 15) according to the present invention is manufactured using the above-described method for manufacturing a silicon carbide semiconductor device.
- the semiconductor device 1 thus obtained includes a semiconductor film (p-type layer 4 in FIG. 1, p region 23 in FIGS. 6, 9 to 11, and epitaxial layer 3 in FIGS. 12 and 15) and an insulating film ( Since the interface state density in the vicinity of the interface with the oxide films 7 and 8 or the insulating film 36 or the first insulating film 46 is reduced, the interface between the semiconductor and the insulating film (for example, the oxide film) is higher than the conventional one. Channel mobility can be realized.
- the semiconductor device 1 that uses the oxide films 7 and 8 or the insulating film 36 or the first to third insulating films 46, 56, and 66 as a gate insulating film, the ratio of the channel resistance component in the device element on-resistance is Can be reduced. As a result, a semiconductor device 1 having a high breakdown voltage and low loss can be realized. Note that an oxynitride layer may be used as the oxide film.
- Sample preparation Sample shape: The prepared sample will be described with reference to FIGS. 14 and 15.
- the planar shape of the sample was a square shape, and both the length L1 in the vertical direction and the length L2 in the horizontal direction were 15 mm to 20 mm.
- the cross-sectional structure of the sample is basically similar to the semiconductor device shown in FIG. Specifically, a silicon carbide substrate whose conductivity type is n-type and whose main surface has a ⁇ 03-38 ⁇ plane as substrate 2 is used, and a conductivity type composed of silicon carbide on the main surface of substrate 2 is used.
- the thickness of the substrate 2 is 400 ⁇ m, and the concentration of the n-type dopant is 1 ⁇ 10 19 cm ⁇ 3 .
- Nitrogen (N) was used as a dopant.
- the thickness of the epitaxial layer 3 was 10 ⁇ m. Nitrogen is used as the dopant in the epitaxial layer 3, and the dopant concentration is 1 ⁇ 10 16 cm ⁇ 3 .
- a silicon oxide film (SiO 2 ) was formed as the oxide film 7 on the epitaxial layer 3.
- the thickness of the oxide film 7 is 45 nm to 50 nm.
- a plurality of electrodes 9 are arranged in a matrix as shown in FIG.
- the planar shape of the electrode 9 was circular, its diameter was 400 ⁇ m, and the distance P between adjacent electrodes 9 was 300 ⁇ m.
- the material of the electrode 9 was aluminum (Al), and its thickness was 300 nm.
- the silver paste 30 was arrange
- Sample production method Basically, a sample was manufactured by a method similar to the method for manufacturing the semiconductor device shown in FIG. Two samples (that is, a total of six samples) were prepared for each of three types of experimental conditions described later. Specifically, in the substrate preparation step (S10), a silicon carbide substrate having a main surface of ⁇ 03-38 ⁇ plane was prepared. In the epitaxial layer forming step (S20), the epitaxial layer 3 made of silicon carbide containing nitrogen as a dopant was formed using an epitaxial growth method. In the insulating film formation step (S35), the surface of the epitaxial layer 3 was cleaned (pre-oxidation cleaning) and then subjected to thermal oxidation treatment. As the conditions for the thermal oxidation treatment, as shown in FIG.
- the heating temperature was 1200 ° C.
- the heat treatment time time from time t1 to time t2 in FIG. 16 was 50 minutes.
- the horizontal axis of FIG. 16 represents time (t) (unit: minute), and the vertical axis represents temperature (T) (heating temperature, unit: ° C.).
- heating is performed under the condition of a heating rate of 5 ° C./min (min) up to the heating temperature in the thermal oxidation treatment (however, this heating rate may be further reduced or increased).
- this heating rate may be further reduced or increased.
- the type of the atmospheric gas in each time zone is described.
- the atmosphere gas at the time of heat treatment from time t1 is nitrogen gas (N 2 gas)
- the atmosphere gas at the time of heat treatment from time t1 to time t2 is oxygen gas (O 2 gas)
- the atmospheric gas up to is argon gas (Ar gas).
- the atmospheric gas during the heat treatment from time t3 to time t4 is nitrogen monoxide gas (NO gas), and the atmospheric gas during the heat treatment after time t4 is argon gas.
- nitrogen monoxide (NO) gas is used as the atmospheric gas immediately after the thermal oxidation treatment described above, the heat treatment temperature is 1100 ° C., and the heating time (from time t3 to time t4 in FIG. 16). Heat treatment was performed for 120 minutes.
- condition A (comparative example), as shown by graph A in FIG. 16, in the post heat treatment step (S50), argon gas is used as the atmospheric gas, and the heat treatment temperature is the same as 1100 ° C. (nitrogen annealing step (S40)). Heat treatment temperature).
- the heat treatment time (time from time t4 to time t5 in FIG. 16) was 60 minutes.
- condition B (Example 1), as shown by graph B in FIG. 16, in the post heat treatment step (S50), argon gas is used as the atmospheric gas, and the heat treatment temperature is 1200 ° C. (nitrogen annealing step (S40)).
- the heat treatment was performed at a temperature higher than the heat treatment temperature.
- the heat treatment time (time from time t6 to time t7 in FIG. 16) was 60 minutes.
- the heat treatment temperature is 1300 ° C. (nitrogen annealing step (S40)).
- the heat treatment was performed at a temperature higher than the heat treatment temperature.
- the heat treatment time time from time t8 to time t9 in FIG. 16 at this time was 60 minutes. Thereafter, each sample was cooled at a temperature lowering rate of 5 ° C. per minute.
- an electrode formation step (S60) was performed for all the samples. Specifically, a plurality of electrodes 9 made of aluminum were formed on the oxide film 7 using a lift-off method. Further, a silver paste 30 was disposed on the back surface of the substrate 2 as shown in FIG. In this way, the sample (MOS capacitor) shown in FIGS. 14 and 15 was obtained.
- the interface state of the interface (MOS interface) between the epitaxial layer 3 and the oxide film 7 was evaluated. Specifically, capacity-voltage characteristics (CV characteristics) were measured. In the high frequency CV measurement, the measurement frequency was 1 MHz. Moreover, the low frequency CV measurement was performed by the quasistatic CV measurement method. Note that the capacitance C s by the depletion layer formed MOS interface of the semiconductor side (epitaxial layer 3 side) was determined by solving the Poisson equation. At this time, a deep depletion state was assumed without considering the inversion state.
- the interface state density was calculated using the High-Low method similar to the method disclosed in Patent Document 1 for the samples of the above Examples and Comparative Examples.
- the vertical axis indicates the interface state density Dit (unit: cm ⁇ 2 eV ⁇ 1 ), and the horizontal axis indicates the energy value (Ec ⁇ E (unit: eV)) with respect to the conduction band.
- Ec ⁇ E unit: eV
- the present invention is advantageously applied to a silicon carbide semiconductor device in which an insulating film is formed in contact with a semiconductor layer made of silicon carbide, such as a MOSFET or a DiMOSFET.
- SYMBOLS 1 Semiconductor device, 2 board
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Abstract
Description
図1を参照して、本発明による半導体装置の実施の形態1を説明する。
図6を参照して、本発明による半導体装置の実施の形態2を説明する。
図9を参照して、本発明による半導体装置の実施の形態2の第1の変形例は、基本的には図6に示した半導体装置と同様の構成を備えるが、ゲート絶縁膜の構成が図6に示した半導体装置とは異なる。すなわち、図9に示した半導体装置では、ゲート絶縁膜が熱酸化により形成された絶縁膜ではなく、CVD法などの堆積法を用いて形成された絶縁膜36となっている。この堆積法により形成された絶縁膜36としては、酸化膜(たとえばシリコン酸化膜など)や窒化膜(たとえばシリコン窒化膜など)、あるいは酸窒化膜(たとえばシリコン酸窒化膜など)を用いてもよい。なお、図9においては、ソース電極11の膜厚は絶縁膜36の膜厚とほぼ同じになっているが、ソース電極11の膜厚は絶縁膜36の膜厚より厚くなっていてもよく、また絶縁膜36の膜厚より薄くなっていてもよい。このような構成によっても、図6に示した半導体装置と同様の効果を得ることができる。
図12を参照して、本発明による半導体装置の実施の形態3を説明する。
まず、図13に示すように、基板準備工程(S10)を実施する。この工程においては、図2に示した基板準備工程(S10)と同様に、任意の面方位の炭化珪素からなる基板を準備する。
本発明の効果を確認するため、以下のような実験を行なった。
試料の形状:
図14および図15を参照して、準備した試料を説明する。
基本的に、図13に示した半導体装置の製造方法と同様の方法により試料を作製した。なお、試料は後述する3種類の実験条件それぞれに2個(つまり合計6個)準備した。具体的には、基板準備工程(S10)では主表面が{03-38}面の炭化珪素基板を準備した。エピタキシャル層形成工程(S20)では、エピタキシャル成長法を用いて、ドーパントとして窒素を含有する炭化珪素からなるエピタキシャル層3を形成した。そして、絶縁膜形成工程(S35)では、エピタキシャル層3の表面を洗浄(酸化前洗浄)してから、熱酸化処理を行なった。熱酸化処理の条件としては、図16に示すように、加熱温度1200℃、熱処理時間(図16の時点t1から時点t2までの時間)を50分とした。ここで、図16の横軸は時間(t)(単位:分)を、また縦軸は温度(T)(加熱温度、単位:℃)を示す。図16から分かるように、熱酸化処理での加熱温度まで、昇温速度を5℃/分(min)という条件で加熱している(ただし、この昇温速度はさらに下げても上げても良い)。また、図16の上部には、各時間帯での雰囲気ガスの種類を記載している。たとえば、時点t1までの熱処理時の雰囲気ガスは窒素ガス(N2ガス)であり、時点t1から時点t2までの熱処理時の雰囲気ガスは酸素ガス(O2ガス)であり、時点t2から時点t3までの雰囲気ガスはアルゴンガス(Arガス)である。また、時点t3から時点t4までの熱処理時の雰囲気ガスは一酸化窒素ガス(NOガス)であり、時点t4以降の熱処理時の雰囲気ガスはアルゴンガスである。
各試料について、エピタキシャル層3と酸化膜7との界面(MOS界面)の界面準位を評価した。具体的には、容量-電圧特性(CV特性)を測定した。なお、高周波CV測定は測定周波数を1MHzとした。また、低周波CV測定は、QuasistaticCV測定法により行なった。なお、MOS界面の半導体側(エピタキシャル層3側)に形成される空乏層による容量Csについては、ポアソン方程式を解くことにより求めた。このとき、反転状態は考慮せず、深い空乏状態を仮定した。
図17を参照して、上記実験の結果を説明する。
Claims (24)
- 炭化珪素からなる半導体膜(3、4、23)を準備する工程(S20)と、
前記半導体膜(3、4、23)の表面上に酸化膜(7、8)を形成する工程(S30、S35)と、
前記酸化膜(7、8)が形成された前記半導体膜(3、4、23)を、窒素を含有する雰囲気中で熱処理する工程(S40)と、
前記熱処理する工程の後、前記酸化膜が形成された前記半導体膜を、不活性ガスを含む雰囲気中でポスト熱処理する工程(S50)とを備え、
前記ポスト熱処理する工程(S50)での熱処理温度(T2)は、前記熱処理する工程(S40)での熱処理温度(T1)越え、前記酸化膜(7、8)の融点未満である、炭化珪素半導体装置の製造方法。 - 前記ポスト熱処理する工程(S50)での熱処理温度(T2)は、1100℃以上1500℃以下である、請求項1に記載の炭化珪素半導体装置の製造方法。
- 前記熱処理する工程(S40)と、前記ポスト熱処理する工程(S50)とは連続して実施される、請求項1に記載の炭化珪素半導体装置の製造方法。
- 前記酸化膜(7、8)を形成する工程(S30)では、熱酸化法により前記酸化膜(7、8)を形成する、請求項1に記載の炭化珪素半導体装置の製造方法。
- 前記酸化膜(7、8)を形成する工程(S30)は、前記半導体膜(3、4、23)の表面上に前記酸化膜(7、8)となるべき膜を堆積法により形成する工程を含む、請求項1に記載の炭化珪素半導体装置の製造方法。
- 前記酸化膜(7、8)となるべき膜を堆積法により形成する工程の後であって、前記ポスト熱処理する工程(S50)の前に、前記酸化膜(7、8)となるべき膜が形成された前記半導体膜(3、4、23)を酸素含有雰囲気中において加熱する工程をさらに備える、請求項5に記載の炭化珪素半導体装置の製造方法。
- 前記酸化膜(7、8)上に上部絶縁膜を形成する工程をさらに備える、請求項1に記載の炭化珪素半導体装置の製造方法。
- 請求項1に記載の炭化珪素半導体装置の製造方法を用いて製造された、炭化珪素半導体装置。
- 炭化珪素からなる半導体膜(3、4、23)を準備する工程(S20)と、
前記半導体膜(3、4、23)の表面上に絶縁膜(7、8、36、46、56、66)を形成する工程(S30)と、
前記絶縁膜(7、8、36、46、56、66)が形成された前記半導体膜(3、4、23)を、窒素を含有する雰囲気中で熱処理する工程(S40)と、
前記熱処理する工程(S40)の後、前記絶縁膜(7、8、36、46、56、66)が形成された前記半導体膜(3、4、23)を、ポスト熱処理する工程(S50)とを備え、
前記ポスト熱処理する工程(S50)での熱処理温度(T2)は、前記熱処理する工程(S40)での熱処理温度(T1)越え、前記絶縁膜(7、8、36、46、56、66)の融点未満である、炭化珪素半導体装置の製造方法。 - 前記ポスト熱処理する工程(S50)を実施する雰囲気は、不活性ガス雰囲気、および、水素、水、オキシ塩化リン、一酸化窒素、一酸化二窒素からなる群から選択される少なくとも1つを含む雰囲気のいずれかである、請求項9に記載の炭化珪素半導体装置の製造方法。
- 前記ポスト熱処理する工程(S50)での熱処理温度(T2)は、1100℃以上1500℃以下である、請求項9に記載の炭化珪素半導体装置の製造方法。
- 前記絶縁膜(7、8、36、46、56、66)を形成する工程(S30)から前記ポスト熱処理する工程(S50)までは連続して実施される、請求項9に記載の炭化珪素半導体装置の製造方法。
- 前記絶縁膜(7、8、36、46、56、66)を形成する工程(S30)では、熱酸化法により前記絶縁膜(7、8、36、46、56、66)を形成する、請求項9に記載の炭化珪素半導体装置の製造方法。
- 前記半導体膜(3、4、23)の表面上に絶縁膜(7、8、36、46、56、66)を形成する工程(S30)は、前記半導体膜(3、4、23)の表面上に絶縁膜(7、8、36、46、56、66)となるべき膜を堆積法により形成する工程を含む、請求項9に記載の炭化珪素半導体装置の製造方法。
- 前記絶縁膜(7、8、36、46、56、66)となるべき膜を堆積法により形成する工程の後であって、前記ポスト熱処理する工程(S50)の前に、前記絶縁膜(7、8、36、46、56、66)となるべき膜が形成された前記半導体膜(3、4、23)を酸素含有雰囲気中において加熱する工程をさらに備える、請求項14に記載の炭化珪素半導体装置の製造方法。
- 前記絶縁膜(7、8、36、46)上に上部絶縁膜(56、66)を形成する工程をさらに備える、請求項9に記載の炭化珪素半導体装置の製造方法。
- 請求項9に記載の炭化珪素半導体装置の製造方法を用いて製造された、炭化珪素半導体装置。
- 炭化珪素からなる半導体膜(3、4、23)を準備する工程と(S20)、
前記半導体膜(3、4、23)の表面上に、堆積法により絶縁膜(7、8、36、46、56、66)を形成する工程(S30)と、
前記絶縁膜(7、8、36、46、56、66)が形成された前記半導体膜(3、4、23)を、ポスト熱処理する工程(S50)とを備え、
前記ポスト熱処理する工程(S50)での熱処理温度(T2)は、前記絶縁膜(7、8、36、46、56、66)を形成する工程(S30)での処理温度越え、前記絶縁膜(7、8、36、46、56、66)の融点未満である、炭化珪素半導体装置の製造方法。 - 前記ポスト熱処理する工程(S50)を実施する雰囲気は、不活性ガス雰囲気、および、水素、水、オキシ塩化リン、一酸化窒素、一酸化二窒素からなる群から選択される少なくとも1つを含む雰囲気のいずれかである、請求項18に記載の炭化珪素半導体装置の製造方法。
- 前記ポスト熱処理する工程(S50)での熱処理温度は、1100℃以上1500℃以下である、請求項18に記載の炭化珪素半導体装置の製造方法。
- 前記絶縁膜(7、8、36、46、56、66)を形成する工程(S30)から前記ポスト熱処理する工程(S50)までは連続して実施される、請求項18に記載の炭化珪素半導体装置の製造方法。
- 前記絶縁膜(7、8、36、46、56、66)を形成する工程(S30)の後であって、前記ポスト熱処理する工程(S50)の前に、前記絶縁膜(7、8、36、46、56、66)となるべき膜が形成された前記半導体膜(3、4、23)を酸素含有雰囲気中において加熱する工程をさらに備える、請求項18に記載の炭化珪素半導体装置の製造方法。
- 前記絶縁膜(7、8、36、46)上に上部絶縁膜(56、66)を形成する工程をさらに備える、請求項18に記載の炭化珪素半導体装置の製造方法。
- 請求項18に記載の炭化珪素半導体装置の製造方法を用いて製造された、炭化珪素半導体装置。
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JP2012038919A (ja) * | 2010-08-06 | 2012-02-23 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | 炭化珪素半導体装置の製造方法 |
JP2013149842A (ja) * | 2012-01-20 | 2013-08-01 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | 炭化珪素半導体装置の製造方法 |
JP2014045053A (ja) * | 2012-08-27 | 2014-03-13 | Sumitomo Electric Ind Ltd | 炭化珪素半導体装置の製造方法 |
WO2015041217A1 (ja) * | 2013-09-18 | 2015-03-26 | 株式会社 東芝 | 半導体装置及びその製造方法 |
JP2016048758A (ja) * | 2014-08-28 | 2016-04-07 | 三菱電機株式会社 | 半導体装置及びその製造方法 |
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JP2014045053A (ja) * | 2012-08-27 | 2014-03-13 | Sumitomo Electric Ind Ltd | 炭化珪素半導体装置の製造方法 |
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JP2016048758A (ja) * | 2014-08-28 | 2016-04-07 | 三菱電機株式会社 | 半導体装置及びその製造方法 |
JPWO2016071990A1 (ja) * | 2014-11-06 | 2017-04-27 | 三菱電機株式会社 | 炭化珪素半導体装置およびその製造方法 |
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JP2018195623A (ja) * | 2017-05-12 | 2018-12-06 | 株式会社東芝 | 半導体装置の製造方法 |
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JP2019169486A (ja) * | 2018-03-21 | 2019-10-03 | 株式会社東芝 | 半導体装置及びその製造方法 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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CN102804349A (zh) | 2012-11-28 |
EP3223300A1 (en) | 2017-09-27 |
KR20130045834A (ko) | 2013-05-06 |
TW201145400A (en) | 2011-12-16 |
CA2786238A1 (en) | 2011-09-15 |
JPWO2011111627A1 (ja) | 2013-06-27 |
EP2546867A4 (en) | 2014-07-09 |
CN102804349B (zh) | 2015-07-29 |
EP2546867A1 (en) | 2013-01-16 |
US20120286291A1 (en) | 2012-11-15 |
US9012335B2 (en) | 2015-04-21 |
JP5880429B2 (ja) | 2016-03-09 |
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