WO2011096294A1 - マグネシウム合金板 - Google Patents
マグネシウム合金板 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2011096294A1 WO2011096294A1 PCT/JP2011/051256 JP2011051256W WO2011096294A1 WO 2011096294 A1 WO2011096294 A1 WO 2011096294A1 JP 2011051256 W JP2011051256 W JP 2011051256W WO 2011096294 A1 WO2011096294 A1 WO 2011096294A1
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- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- magnesium alloy
- plate
- corrosion
- test
- salt water
- Prior art date
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- 229910000861 Mg alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 138
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 163
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 161
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 79
- 229910000765 intermetallic Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 62
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 55
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims description 136
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 70
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 70
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 43
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 35
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 description 34
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 31
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 25
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 24
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 description 23
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 23
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 18
- 238000000682 scanning probe acoustic microscopy Methods 0.000 description 17
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 16
- 238000012937 correction Methods 0.000 description 15
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- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 12
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 11
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- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 10
- 239000012085 test solution Substances 0.000 description 10
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-] XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 9
- 238000010828 elution Methods 0.000 description 6
- 229910001425 magnesium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium oxide Inorganic materials [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 5
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- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 229910003023 Mg-Al Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 4
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- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000011362 coarse particle Substances 0.000 description 4
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- 238000009749 continuous casting Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 4
- AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[Mg+2] AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 4
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- 239000011241 protective layer Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052684 Cerium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000005536 corrosion prevention Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
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- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
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- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
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- 229910052727 yttrium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910000674 AJ alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910018131 Al-Mn Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910018137 Al-Zn Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910018461 Al—Mn Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910018573 Al—Zn Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000882 Ca alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910021607 Silver chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001278 Sr alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000002441 X-ray diffraction Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- KRVSOGSZCMJSLX-UHFFFAOYSA-L chromic acid Substances O[Cr](O)(=O)=O KRVSOGSZCMJSLX-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
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- AWJWCTOOIBYHON-UHFFFAOYSA-N furo[3,4-b]pyrazine-5,7-dione Chemical compound C1=CN=C2C(=O)OC(=O)C2=N1 AWJWCTOOIBYHON-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 229910001234 light alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003595 mist Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000008520 organization Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- HKZLPVFGJNLROG-UHFFFAOYSA-M silver monochloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Ag+] HKZLPVFGJNLROG-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229910052712 strontium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C23/00—Alloys based on magnesium
- C22C23/02—Alloys based on magnesium with aluminium as the next major constituent
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
- B21B3/00—Rolling materials of special alloys so far as the composition of the alloy requires or permits special rolling methods or sequences ; Rolling of aluminium, copper, zinc or other non-ferrous metals
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C23/00—Alloys based on magnesium
- C22C23/04—Alloys based on magnesium with zinc or cadmium as the next major constituent
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/06—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of magnesium or alloys based thereon
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/25—Web or sheet containing structurally defined element or component and including a second component containing structurally defined particles
- Y10T428/258—Alkali metal or alkaline earth metal or compound thereof
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a magnesium alloy plate suitable for materials of various members such as a casing of electric / electronic equipment, and a magnesium alloy member composed of the plate.
- a magnesium alloy plate having excellent corrosion resistance.
- Magnesium alloys containing various additive elements in magnesium have been used as constituent materials for various members such as casings of portable electric and electronic devices such as mobile phones and notebook personal computers and automobile parts.
- the main component of the magnesium alloy is a cast material (ASTM standard AZ91 alloy) by a die casting method or a thixo mold method. 2. Description of the Related Art In recent years, members obtained by pressing a plate made of a magnesium alloy for extension typified by ASTM standard AZ31 alloy are being used. Patent Document 1 proposes a magnesium alloy plate made of an alloy equivalent to the AZ91 alloy in the ASTM standard and excellent in press workability.
- magnesium is an active metal
- anticorrosion treatment such as anodizing treatment or chemical conversion treatment is usually applied to the surface of the above-mentioned member or the magnesium alloy plate as a material thereof.
- the corrosion resistance tends to be excellent as the Al content increases.
- AZ91 alloy is said to be excellent in corrosion resistance among magnesium alloys.
- the above-described anticorrosion treatment is required even for a member (mainly a cast material) made of AZ91 alloy. When the anticorrosion treatment is not performed, even if the cast material is made of the AZ91 alloy, the corrosion proceeds when a corrosion test such as a salt spray test or a salt water immersion test is performed as described later.
- the magnesium alloy plate itself constituting the magnesium alloy member is excellent in corrosion resistance.
- one of the objects of the present invention is to provide a magnesium alloy plate having excellent corrosion resistance.
- Another object of the present invention is to provide a magnesium alloy member made of the magnesium alloy plate and having excellent corrosion resistance.
- the inventors of the present invention conducted a salt water corrosion test on a magnesium alloy plate containing Al to examine the corrosion resistance. After the test, the plate having excellent corrosion resistance had a uniform thickness on the surface of the plate. The knowledge that it is formed is obtained. Further, the plate having a uniform thickness oxide film after the salt water corrosion test had a uniform thickness oxide film before the salt water corrosion test. Examination of the structure of such a plate revealed that fine intermetallic compounds were dispersed. A magnesium alloy plate composed of a structure in which an oxide film having a uniform thickness is formed on the plate surface as described above and a fine intermetallic compound exists in a specific range has been conventionally required. The knowledge that it was able to endure use even if it did not perform the anticorrosion treatment which had been acquired was acquired. The present invention is based on the above findings.
- the magnesium alloy plate of the present invention is composed of a magnesium alloy containing Al, in which particles of an intermetallic compound containing at least one of Al and Mg are dispersed in the plate, and the surface of the plate An oxide film having a uniform thickness over substantially the entire surface.
- the average particle diameter of the intermetallic compound particles is 0.5 ⁇ m or less, and the ratio of the total area of the intermetallic compound particles in the cross section of the plate is more than 0% and 11% or less.
- the magnesium alloy plate of the present invention is provided with an oxide film having a uniform thickness over substantially the entire surface of the plate, so that corrosion factors such as air and water can effectively contact the magnesium alloy itself. Therefore, it has excellent corrosion resistance.
- the magnesium alloy sheet of the present invention is also excellent in corrosion resistance because fine particles composed of an intermetallic compound that is superior in corrosion resistance than the base material (matrix phase) of the magnesium alloy are present in at least the surface region of the magnesium alloy sheet.
- the presence of the intermetallic compound in a specific range (area ratio) enables Al to be in a sufficiently solid solution state in the matrix phase, so that the matrix phase due to Al becoming an intermetallic compound. Deterioration of corrosion resistance of itself can be suppressed.
- the magnesium alloy sheet of the present invention is excellent in corrosion resistance. Therefore, the magnesium alloy sheet of the present invention can be used without being subjected to anticorrosion treatment such as chemical conversion treatment.
- the magnesium alloy plate of the present invention has fine intermetallic compound particles dispersed therein, thereby improving the rigidity of the plate itself by dispersion strengthening of the particles, or by solid solution strengthening of Al as described above. It is expected that the strength can be maintained. Therefore, the magnesium alloy sheet of the present invention is not easily dented even when subjected to an impact, and is excellent in rigidity and impact resistance characteristics.
- the magnesium alloy sheet of the present invention is substantially free from defects such as coarse intermetallic compounds and coarse nests that become crack initiation points during plastic working, and is excellent in plastic workability. Therefore, the magnesium alloy sheet of the present invention can be suitably used as a raw material for plastic working materials. Further, the magnesium alloy member of the present invention obtained by subjecting the magnesium alloy plate of the present invention to plastic working such as pressing is excellent in corrosion resistance even if it is not subjected to anticorrosion treatment or the like. In the magnesium alloy member of the present invention, the portion of the magnesium alloy plate of the present invention is generally maintained at a location where there is little deformation due to plastic deformation (typically a flat portion).
- the magnesium alloy plate of the present invention and the magnesium alloy member of the present invention are excellent in corrosion resistance.
- FIG. 1 is a photomicrograph (magnification of 20,000) near the surface of a magnesium alloy plate before and after the salt water corrosion test. Part (I) of FIG. 1 is sample No. 1 and part (II) of FIG. Sample No. 100 is shown.
- FIG. 2 is a micrograph (5,000 times) near the surface of the magnesium alloy plate after the salt water corrosion test. Part (I) of FIG. 2 is sample No. 1 and part (II) of FIG. Sample No. 100 is shown.
- FIG. 3 is a micrograph (5,000 times) of the magnesium alloy plate, the parts (I) to (VI) in FIG. 3 are sample Nos. 1 to 6, and the part (VII) in FIG. 100 is shown.
- FIG. 4 is a micrograph (1,000 times) of the magnesium alloy plate, where (I) portion in FIG. 4 shows sample No. 1 and (II) portion in FIG.
- FIG. 5 shows the sample No. after the salt water immersion test.
- 5 is a result of line analysis of the cross section of the test piece by AES
- FIG. 5 (I) portion is the AES analysis result 0.5 hours after the salt water immersion test
- FIG. 5 (II) portion is the salt water immersion test It is an AES analysis result 24 hours later.
- FIG. 6 shows the result of line analysis of the cross section of the specimen No. 3 after the salt water immersion test by AES, and the result of the AES analysis after 96 hours of the salt water immersion test.
- FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram for explaining the progress of corrosion of the magnesium alloy plate containing Al during the salt water immersion test.
- the magnesium alloy constituting the magnesium alloy plate of the present invention and the magnesium alloy member of the present invention include those having various compositions containing Mg as an additive element (remainder: Mg and impurities).
- an Mg—Al alloy containing at least Al as an additive element is used.
- the Al content is preferably 4.5% by mass or more, more preferably 7% by mass or more, and particularly preferably more than 7.5% by mass.
- the upper limit is preferably 12% by mass, and more preferably 11% by mass.
- the additive element other than Al examples include one or more elements selected from Zn, Mn, Si, Ca, Sr, Y, Cu, Ag, Zr, Ce, and rare earth elements (excluding Y and Ce). When these elements are contained, the total content is 0.01% by mass or more and 10% by mass or less, preferably 0.1% by mass or more and 5% by mass or less. More specific Mg—Al based alloys include, for example, AZ based alloys (Mg—Al—Zn based alloys, Zn: 0.2 to 1.5 mass%) and AM based alloys (Mg—Al—Mn) according to ASTM standards.
- Light alloy Mn: 0.15 to 0.5 mass%), Mg—Al—RE (rare earth element) alloy, AX alloy (Mg—Al—Ca alloy, Ca: 0.2 to 6.0 mass) %), AJ alloys (Mg—Al—Sr alloys, Sr: 0.2 to 7.0 mass%), and the like.
- Mg—Al alloy containing 8.3 mass% to 9.5 mass% Al and 0.5 mass% to 1.5 mass% Zn, typically AZ91 alloy is preferable because of its excellent corrosion resistance.
- the impurity include Fe, Ni, and Cu.
- the magnesium alloy has a structure in which fine intermetallic compound particles are dispersed in a specific range in a matrix phase.
- the intermetallic compound include a compound containing Mg and Al such as Mg 17 Al 12 and a compound containing Al such as Al (MnFe).
- the term “fine” means that the average particle size satisfies 0.5 ⁇ m or less
- the term “dispersed structure” means that when the cross section of the magnesium alloy sheet is 100% by area, the particles of the intermetallic compound are total. In other words, 11% or less is present.
- the area ratio is more than 0 area%, the intermetallic compound is sufficiently present in the magnesium alloy plate, and the average particle size is 0.5 ⁇ m or less, so that the fine intermetallic compound is dispersed.
- the effect of improving the corrosion resistance can be sufficiently obtained.
- the average particle size is too large or the area ratio is too large, excessive amounts of intermetallic compounds are present in the magnesium alloy plate, or coarse particles such as 5 ⁇ m or more are present.
- the amount of solid solution (Al concentration) is reduced, leading to a decrease in corrosion resistance.
- the intermetallic compound particles are coarse and sparsely exist in the matrix phase, a local battery is formed between the coarse particles and the matrix phase, and corrosion such as pitting corrosion tends to occur.
- the coarse particles as described above can be a starting point for cracking during plastic working. Therefore, it is preferable that as small particles as possible are uniformly dispersed in the intermetallic compound, and the average particle size is more preferably 0.3 ⁇ m or less. It is considered that the area ratio is more preferably 8 area% or less.
- the fine intermetallic compound particles are uniformly dispersed in the matrix phase. Furthermore, it can have excellent corrosion resistance.
- the number is more preferably 0.3 / ⁇ m 2 or more.
- the Al concentration in the matrix phase is lowered as described above and the corrosion resistance is lowered, so that the intermetallic compound particles are desirably small as described above.
- ⁇ Nest> As one form of the magnesium alloy plate of the present invention, a form in which the maximum diameter of the nest existing in the plate is 5 ⁇ m or less can be mentioned. In casting materials, casting defects called “holes” tend to exist. By performing a process such as rolling on the cast material having the nest, the nest can be eliminated or reduced. However, if the cast material remains, the nest does not disappear. Coarse nests having a maximum diameter of more than 5 ⁇ m exist, and particularly when exposed on the surface of a magnesium alloy plate, corrosion tends to occur, leading to a decrease in corrosion resistance.
- the magnesium alloy plate of the present invention is a rolled plate obtained by rolling a cast plate as will be described later, so that there is little or substantially no coarse nest, and the presence of the coarse nest. Corrosion resistance is not easily lowered by, and the corrosion resistance is excellent. Since it is preferable that no nest exists, the lower limit of the number of nests and the maximum diameter is not provided.
- the magnesium alloy plate of the present invention includes an oxide film having a uniform thickness over substantially the entire surface thereof.
- an oxide film is formed on its surface unless it is subjected to anticorrosion treatment or coating.
- the oxide film was generated with a non-uniform thickness, and such a cast material was inferior in corrosion resistance. Therefore, as one of the constituent requirements of the magnesium alloy plate of the present invention having excellent corrosion resistance, it is defined that the oxide film is formed with a uniform thickness.
- the substantially entire surface is a region excluding a portion where the oxide film cannot be confirmed with accuracy due to the measurement limit of the inspection apparatus, and means 90% or more, particularly 95% or more, of the surface area of the magnesium alloy plate.
- the oxide film is substantially formed of magnesium oxide (including hydroxide) (90% by mass or more), but allows an impurity such as Al to be contained.
- the maximum thickness of the oxide film provided on the surface of the plate is t max
- the minimum thickness is t min
- the oxide film generated by the salt water corrosion test corresponds to that generated by accelerating the oxide film by natural oxidation. Therefore, in the magnesium alloy plate of the present invention in which the oxide film is formed to a uniform thickness, the oxide film is formed with a uniform thickness on the surface of the plate even after the salt water corrosion test. After the salt water corrosion test, the thickness of the oxide film can be easily measured and the uniformity can be easily obtained. Therefore, it is proposed to use the uniformity after the salt water corrosion test.
- This uniformity is preferably 30 or less, and most preferably 1.
- the corrosion reaction resistance due to the AC impedance after the salt water corrosion test is performed on the plate is larger than the corrosion reaction resistance due to the AC impedance before the salt water corrosion test.
- some magnesium alloy plates having excellent corrosion resistance have a higher corrosion reaction resistance after the salt water corrosion test than before the salt water corrosion test, that is, even after the salt water corrosion test. The surprising finding that there is a magnesium alloy sheet with improved corrosion resistance was obtained.
- the reason for this is not clear, but is considered as follows. Since the magnesium alloy is active as described above, an oxide film is formed on the sample surface by contact with the corrosive liquid (test liquid) during the salt water corrosion test. At this time, in the magnesium alloy plate of the present invention, the oxide film is formed with a uniform thickness as described above. And since the oxide film which is excellent in corrosion resistance is formed with a uniform thickness as described above and functions as a corrosion-resistant layer, it is considered that the corrosion reaction resistance increases after the salt water corrosion test and the corrosion resistance is improved.
- the oxide film is substantially formed of magnesium oxide.
- the region of the oxide film including the region and the Al richer region having a high Al concentration had a high Al concentration region.
- an Al high concentration region is generated in a layered manner between the oxide film region and the inner region of the plate not affected by corrosion, like the oxide film region.
- region suppresses progress of corrosion and contributes to the raise of corrosion reaction resistance, ie, the further improvement of corrosion resistance.
- the Al high concentration region described above is an inner region that is not affected by the corrosion of the magnesium alloy plate (that is, a base material (matrix phase) of the magnesium alloy.
- inner region This is a region where the Al concentration is higher than the Al concentration. That is, in the high Al concentration region in the corrosion layer, the Mg concentration is relatively lower than that in the internal region, and the concentration ratio [Al concentration (atomic%) / Mg concentration (atomic%)] between Al and Mg is high.
- Al in the Al high concentration region is unknown in detail, it is considered to be a hydroxide or oxide, and the presence state of Al in the inner region (solid solution in the matrix phase, or Mg 17 Al 12 or Al (Intermetallic compound such as (MnFe)).
- Mg 17 Al 12 or Al Intermetallic compound such as (MnFe)
- MnFe Intermetallic compound
- the magnesium alloy sheet of the present invention typically has a form having a uniform thickness throughout.
- rolling is performed using a rolling roll having a concave groove on the outer periphery of the roll, and it is applied to the manufacturing process such as a form having a partially different thickness or a form having a through hole provided by cutting.
- Various forms can be mentioned by various processes and treatments.
- the form, thickness, and size (area) of the plate can be appropriately selected according to the desired application. In particular, when the maximum thickness is 2.0 mm or less, further 1.5 mm or less, particularly 1 mm or less, it can be suitably used as a material for a thin and lightweight member (typically a housing).
- magnesium alloy board it can be set as the form by which the anti-corrosion process is not given to both surfaces of the said board. According to this configuration, it is possible to reduce the anti-corrosion treatment that has been conventionally required, and it is possible to improve the productivity of a magnesium alloy plate and a magnesium alloy member using this plate. Further, as an embodiment of the magnesium alloy plate of the present invention, the anticorrosion treatment is not performed on both surfaces of the plate, and a coating layer can be provided on only one surface of the plate. According to this embodiment, by providing the coating layer on one surface, the corrosion resistance of the magnesium alloy plate can be reinforced, and coloring and a pattern can be imparted, thereby increasing the commercial value.
- the magnesium alloy plate of the present invention a form in which a corrosion prevention treatment such as a chemical conversion treatment is performed on both surfaces of the plate, and a form having a coating layer in addition to the corrosion prevention treatment can be adopted.
- a corrosion prevention treatment such as a chemical conversion treatment
- a form having a coating layer in addition to the corrosion prevention treatment can be adopted.
- the corrosion resistance is enhanced by the anticorrosion treatment, and the magnesium alloy plate is extremely excellent in corrosion resistance.
- the magnesium alloy member of the present invention can be obtained by subjecting the magnesium alloy plate of the present invention to various plastic workings such as pressing, forging and bending.
- the shape and size are not particularly limited.
- a cross section having a top plate portion (bottom surface portion) and a side wall portion standing from the periphery of the top plate portion, a box-like frame body, an L-shaped frame body, a top plate portion
- Examples thereof include a covered cylindrical body having a disk shape and a cylindrical side wall portion.
- the top plate or the like has a boss or the like formed or joined integrally, has a hole penetrating the front and back, a groove recessed in the thickness direction, has a stepped shape, or is locally processed by cutting or the like. It may have a portion with a different thickness.
- the said magnesium alloy board of this invention can be manufactured with the manufacturing method which comprises each following process, for example.
- Preparation step A step of preparing a cast plate made of a magnesium alloy containing Al and manufactured by a continuous casting method.
- Solution treatment step a step of producing a solid solution plate by subjecting the cast plate to a solution treatment at a temperature of 350 ° C. or higher.
- Rolling step A step of producing a rolled plate by subjecting the solid solution plate to warm rolling.
- the total time for maintaining the material plate (typically a rolled plate) to be processed in a temperature range of 150 ° C. or more and 300 ° C. or less is 1 hour or more and 12 hours or less.
- the thermal history of the material plate is controlled so as not to be heated to a temperature higher than 300 ° C.
- the manufacturing method may further include a correction process for warm-correcting the rolled plate.
- correction is performed in a state where the rolled plate is heated to 100 ° C. or higher and 300 ° C. or lower.
- the time for maintaining the rolled sheet in the temperature range of 150 ° C. or higher and 300 ° C. or lower in the straightening process is included in the total time.
- the inventors of the present invention have studied the production method for controlling the particle size and the abundance of the intermetallic compound so that coarse particles are not generated and generating a certain amount of fine particles.
- the manufacturing conditions are controlled so that the total time for keeping the magnesium alloy material in a specific temperature range is within a specific range.
- tissue was obtained was acquired.
- the said method is proposed as an example of the manufacturing method of this invention magnesium alloy plate excellent in corrosion resistance.
- the time for holding the material composed of the magnesium alloy in a temperature range 150 ° C.
- the amount can be within a specific range while the intermetallic compound is precipitated.
- the time for holding in the specific temperature range excessive growth of the intermetallic compound can be suppressed, and a structure in which fine precipitates are dispersed can be obtained.
- the cast plate it is preferable to use a cast plate manufactured by a continuous casting method such as a twin-roll method, in particular, a casting method described in International Publication No. 2006/003899. Since the continuous casting method can be rapidly solidified, it can reduce oxides, segregation, and the like, and can suppress generation of coarse crystal precipitates of more than 10 ⁇ m. Therefore, a cast plate excellent in rolling workability can be obtained.
- the thickness of the cast plate is not particularly limited, but segregation is likely to occur if it is too thick, and is preferably 10 mm or less, particularly 5 mm or less.
- the cast plate is subjected to a solution treatment to homogenize the composition, and a solid solution plate in which an element such as Al is dissolved is manufactured.
- the holding temperature is preferably 350 ° C. or higher, in particular, the holding temperature: 380 ° C. to 420 ° C., and the holding time: 60 minutes to 2400 minutes (1 hour to 40 hours). Further, it is preferable that the holding time be longer as the Al content is higher. Furthermore, in the cooling process from the holding time, it is preferable to increase the cooling rate by using forced cooling such as water cooling or blast, etc., because it is possible to suppress the precipitation of coarse precipitates.
- Al can be sufficiently dissolved in the magnesium alloy.
- plastic workability In rolling the solid solution plate, plastic workability (rolling workability) can be enhanced by heating the material (solid solution plate or plate in the middle of rolling until final rolling is performed). In particular, when the material is heated to over 300 ° C., the plastic workability is sufficiently improved and rolling is easy. However, as described above, the plate is obtained after rolling due to excessive formation of intermetallic compounds (precipitates) and deterioration of corrosion resistance due to coarsening, occurrence of seizure of raw materials, and coarsening of crystal grains of the raw materials. The mechanical properties of the Therefore, the heating temperature of the material is also set to 300 ° C. or lower in the rolling process. In particular, the heating temperature of the material is preferably 150 ° C. or higher and 280 ° C.
- the desired plate thickness can be achieved, and the average crystal grain size of the material can be reduced (for example, 10 ⁇ m or less, preferably 5 ⁇ m or less), or plastic working such as rolling or pressing. Increases sex.
- the rolling may be performed by combining known conditions, for example, heating not only the raw material but also the rolling roll, or the controlled rolling disclosed in Patent Document 1.
- intermediate heat treatment may be performed between passes in a range in which the holding time in the temperature range of 150 ° C. to 300 ° C. described above is included in the total time.
- This intermediate heat treatment can remove and reduce strain, residual stress, texture, etc. introduced into the material to be processed by plastic working (mainly rolling) up to the intermediate heat treatment. Rolling can be performed more smoothly by preventing inadvertent cracking, distortion and deformation.
- the heating temperature of the material is set to 300 ° C. or less.
- a preferable heating temperature is 250 ° C. or higher and 280 ° C. or lower.
- the final heat treatment (final annealing) may be performed on the rolled plate obtained by the rolling process as described in Patent Document 1, the final heat treatment is not performed or after the final heat treatment, as described above Correcting is preferable because of excellent plastic workability such as press working.
- the correction may be performed by using a roll leveler as described in International Publication No. 2009/001516 pamphlet and heating the rolled plate to 100 ° C. to 300 ° C., preferably 150 ° C. to 280 ° C.
- plastic processing such as press processing is performed on the straightened plate that has been subjected to such warm correction, dynamic recrystallization occurs during the plastic processing, and the plastic workability is excellent.
- Conditions for the final heat treatment include, for example, the heating temperature of the material: 100 ° C. or more and 300 ° C. or less, and the heating time: 5 minutes or more and 60 minutes or less.
- the heating temperature can be set to 300 ° C. to 340 ° C.
- the heating time is shortened, for example, 30 minutes. Less than is desirable.
- Total time to keep the material in a specific temperature range Conventionally, in the process from solution treatment to final product, it has not been sufficiently studied how much the total time for keeping the material in the temperature range of 150 ° C. to 300 ° C. has been studied. On the other hand, a specific amount of fine intermetallic compound is dispersed by controlling the holding time in the above temperature range where the intermetallic compound is easily generated or grows easily as described above.
- the magnesium alloy sheet of the present invention having an existing structure is obtained.
- the intermetallic compound When the total time for maintaining in the temperature range of 150 ° C. to 300 ° C. is less than 1 hour, the intermetallic compound is not sufficiently precipitated, and when the time exceeds 12 hours or the material is heated to more than 300 ° C. and rolled, A structure in which a coarse intermetallic compound having an average particle diameter of 1 ⁇ m or more is present or a structure in which an excessive intermetallic compound is present such as more than 11 area% can be obtained.
- temperature range 150 ° C or higher and 280 ° C or lower
- total time 1 hour or longer and 6 hours or shorter
- working degree of each pass in rolling process total working degree of rolling process
- conditions during intermediate / final heat treatment Control the conditions during correction.
- the total time is preferably adjusted according to the Al content.
- the magnesium alloy plate obtained by the above manufacturing method is typically a rolled plate or a straightened plate.
- the magnesium alloy member of the present invention can be obtained by subjecting the rolled plate or the treated plate subjected to the final heat treatment or correction to a plastic working such as press working.
- a plastic working such as press working.
- the plastic working is performed in a temperature range of 200 ° C. to 300 ° C., the plastic workability of the material is improved and the plastic working is easy.
- the time for holding the material at 200 ° C. to 300 ° C. during the plastic working is very short. For example, in the press working, it is within 60 seconds. It is thought that it does not occur.
- the heat treatment conditions include a heating temperature: 100 ° C. to 300 ° C. and a heating time: about 5 minutes to 60 minutes. However, also in this heat treatment, it is preferable that the holding time in the temperature range of 150 ° C. to 300 ° C. is included in the total time.
- a coating layer can be provided as described above for the purpose of improving corrosion resistance, mechanical protection, decoration (improvement of commercial value), and the like.
- It consists of a magnesium alloy having a composition equivalent to AZ91 alloy (Mg-9.0% Al-1.0% Zn-0.15% to 0.5% Mn (all by mass%)), and obtained by a twin roll continuous casting method.
- a plurality of cast plates (thickness 4 mm) were prepared. Each obtained cast plate was subjected to a solution treatment at 400 ° C. for 24 hours. Each solid solution plate subjected to solution treatment was rolled a plurality of times under the rolling conditions shown in Table 1 to produce a rolled plate having a thickness of 0.6 mm.
- the warm correction includes a heating furnace capable of heating a material plate (here, a rolled plate or a heat treatment plate), and a roll unit having a plurality of rolls that continuously bend (strain) the heated material plate.
- a roll leveler device comprising The roll section includes a plurality of rolls arranged in a staggered manner facing each other in the vertical direction.
- Sample No. in Nos. 1 to 5 a cast plate having a predetermined length was prepared, and a sheet material obtained by solution treatment ⁇ rolling ( ⁇ heat treatment) ⁇ correction on the cast plate was used.
- No. 6 is a coil material in which a long cast plate is prepared, wound into a coil shape and subjected to a solution treatment, and then rolled up / rewinded repeatedly to perform rolling and further correction.
- the obtained correction plate (sheet material or coil material) was further subjected to wet belt type polishing using a # 600 polishing belt, and the surface of the correction plate was smoothed by polishing to prepare a polishing plate.
- This polishing plate was designated as Sample Nos. 1-6. Samples Nos. 1 to 6 all have a total time of 1 to 12 hours held in the temperature range of 150 ° C. to 300 ° C. in the manufacturing process after the solution treatment. Except for the heat treatment applied to the rolled plate, heating above 300 ° C. was not performed.
- the obtained sample Nos. 1 to 6 and comparative sample No. 100 were arbitrarily cut in the plate thickness direction to obtain a cross section, and the cross section was observed with a scanning electron microscope: SEM.
- SEM scanning electron microscope
- 1 is an observation image (20,000 times) of sample No. 1
- (II) part of FIG. 1 is an observation image (20,000 times) of sample No. 100.
- the left photograph is before the salt water corrosion test described later, and the right photograph is after the salt water corrosion test.
- FIG. 2 is an observation image after a salt water corrosion test described later.
- (I) portion is an observation image of sample No. 1 (5,000 times)
- FIG. 3 (I) to (VI) are observed images of sample Nos. 1 to 6 (5,000 times), and FIG. 3 (VII) is an observed image of sample No. 100 (5,000 times). is there.
- (I) part of FIG. 4 is an observation image (1,000 times) of sample No. 1 and an observation image (1,000 times) of sample No. 100. 1 to 3, light gray and white particles, FIG. 1 (II) portion, FIG. 2 (II) portion, and FIG. 3 (VII) portion light gray and white particles (including irregular shapes) Is an intermetallic compound, and in FIG. 4 (II), black irregularly shaped particles are nests.
- the average particle size of the intermetallic compound particles was measured as follows. For each sample, five cross sections are taken in the plate thickness direction, and arbitrarily three fields of view (here, 22.7 ⁇ m ⁇ 17 ⁇ m region) are taken from the observation image of each cross section. For each observation field, the equivalent circle diameter of each particle existing in one observation field (the diameter of the equivalent area circle of the area of each particle) is obtained, and the sum of the circle equivalent diameters is present in one observation field. The value divided by the number of particles: (total circle equivalent diameter) / (total number of particles) is the average particle diameter of the observation field. Table 2 shows the average of the average particle diameters of 15 observation fields for each sample.
- the ratio of the total area of the intermetallic compound particles was measured as follows. Take the observation field as described above, and for each observation field, calculate the total area by examining the area of all the particles present in one observation field, this total area is the area of one observation field (here The value divided by (385.9 ⁇ m 2 ): (total area of particles) / (area of observation field) is the area ratio of the observation field. Table 2 shows the average area ratios of 15 observation fields for each sample.
- the number of intermetallic compound particles was measured as follows. Taking the observation field as described above, for each observation field, calculate the total number by examining the number of all particles present in one observation field, this total number is the area of one observation field (here The value divided by (385.9 ⁇ m 2 ): (total number of particles) / (area of observation field) is the number of observation fields. Table 2 shows the average number of 15 observation fields for each sample.
- the average interval between particles of the intermetallic compound was measured as follows. Taking the observation field as described above, for each observation field, from the total area of all particles and the total number of particles present in one observation field, the average area of one particle: (total area of particles) / ( The total number of particles) is determined, and the value obtained by dividing the total area of all particles by the average area is defined as the number of particles in the observation field. The number of particles in the observation field is divided by the area of the observation field (here, 355.9 ⁇ m 2 ) to obtain the number of particles per unit area, and the square root of the number of particles per unit area is the particle per unit distance. The reciprocal of the number of particles per unit distance is the average interval of the observation field. Table 2 shows the average of the average intervals of the 15 observation fields for each sample.
- the maximum diameter of the nest was measured as follows. Take the observation field as described above, and visually check the nests present in one observation field for each observation field. If there are nests, the maximum diameter length of each nest (any two points of the nest The maximum length of the connecting line segments is obtained, and these maximum values are set as the maximum diameter of the nest of the observation visual field. Table 2 shows the average of the maximum diameters of fifteen observation fields for each sample.
- each parameter relating to the intermetallic compound particles such as the average particle diameter, the maximum nest diameter, and the uniformity of the oxide film described later can be easily calculated by using a commercially available image processing apparatus.
- the composition of the particles was examined by an EDS (Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectrometer) and was an intermetallic compound containing Al or Mg such as Mg 17 Al 12 or Al (MnFe). .
- the presence of the intermetallic compound can also be determined by examining the composition and structure using X-ray diffraction or the like.
- EDS analysis or the like on the cross section of the sample, the composition of the substance existing on the surface of the magnesium alloy plate is examined. In Nos. 1 to 6, 100, it was confirmed that an oxide film was present on the surface of the magnesium alloy plate, and this oxide film was mainly formed of magnesium oxide (including hydroxide).
- Corrosion weight loss was measured as follows by conducting a salt spray test in accordance with JIS H 8502 (1999) as a salt water corrosion test.
- Sample No. After preparing a test piece with 1-6, 100 polishing plates and measuring the mass (initial value) of the test piece, the test piece is unnecessary so that the test surface of a preset size is exposed on the test piece.
- Mask the location. The masked test piece is inserted into the corrosion test apparatus and is placed so as to be inclined at a predetermined angle with respect to the apparatus bottom surface (here, the angle formed by the apparatus bottom surface and the test piece: 70 ° to 80 °). °).
- a test solution (5 mass% NaCl aqueous solution, temperature: 35 ⁇ 2 ° C.) is sprayed on the test piece in a mist state and held for a predetermined time (here, 96 hours). After elapse of a predetermined time, the test piece is taken out from the corrosion test apparatus, masking is removed, and then the corrosion product generated on the test piece is measured in accordance with the method described in Reference Table 1 of JIS Z 2371 (2000). Remove by dissolving chromic acid. The mass of the test piece after removing the corrosion product is measured, and a value obtained by dividing the difference between the mass and the initial value by the area of the test surface of the test piece is defined as corrosion weight loss ( ⁇ g / cm 2 ).
- the elution amount of Mg was measured as follows by performing a salt water immersion test as a salt water corrosion test under the following conditions.
- Sample No. A test piece is prepared with 1 to 6,100 polishing plates, and unnecessary portions of the test piece are masked so that a test surface of a predetermined size is exposed on the test piece.
- Completely masked the test piece into the test solution (5 mass% NaCl aqueous solution, liquid amount: (A) cm 2 when the area (exposed area) of the test surface of the test piece is (A) cm 2 ) Hold in a dipped state for a predetermined time (here, 96 hours, hold at room temperature (25 ⁇ 2 ° C.) under air conditioning).
- the test solution is collected, the amount of Mg ions in the test solution is quantified by ICP-AES (inductively coupled plasma emission spectroscopy) analysis, and the amount of Mg ions is divided by the area of the test surface of the test piece. The obtained value is defined as the Mg elution amount ( ⁇ g / cm 2 ).
- test piece is prepared with 1 to 6 and 100 polishing plates, and masking is performed on unnecessary portions of the test piece so that the test surface having a predetermined size and the terminal connection portion are exposed on the test piece.
- a terminal is attached to the terminal connection portion, and this test piece is completely immersed in a test solution ((0.1 mass% NaCl) + Mg (OH) 2 saturated aqueous solution) together with the following reference electrode and counter electrode (air conditioning or Room temperature (25 ⁇ 2 ° C.)). Then, immediately after the immersion, the AC impedance of the test piece is measured under the following conditions.
- Measuring device Potentiostat / galvanostat + frequency response analyzing device
- a commercially available device for example, HZ-3000 manufactured by Hokuto Denko Corporation, FRA5080 manufactured by NF Circuit Design Block Co., Ltd.
- Electrode 3-electrode type, reference electrode: Ag / AgCl, counter electrode: Pt
- Measurement conditions current modulation: 10 ⁇ A / cm 2 , measurement frequency range: 10 kHz to 100 mHz
- the corrosion reaction resistance measured before the salt water corrosion test is defined as the initial value (corrosion test: O time).
- a terminal is similarly attached to the test piece subjected to the salt water immersion test described above as the salt water corrosion test, the AC impedance is measured in the same manner, and the corrosion reaction resistance is read.
- the corrosion reaction resistance at this time is defined as the corrosion reaction resistance after the corrosion test (here, after the 96-hour salt water immersion test).
- the uniformity of the oxide film was measured as follows. About the sample which performed the salt water immersion test mentioned above, a cross section and an observation visual field are taken as mentioned above, the thickness of the oxide film in one observation visual field is measured for every observation visual field, and the maximum value t max of the thickness Then, the minimum value t min is extracted, and the uniformity: t max / t min is calculated, and this uniformity is defined as the uniformity of the observation visual field. Table 3 shows the average uniformity of 15 observation fields for each sample.
- the lower region shown mainly in gray is a magnesium alloy
- the darker (darker) region above it is an oxide film
- the white strip above the oxide film is cut out of the cross section.
- the protective layer provided for this purpose is the upper region represented mainly in black, is the background.
- the lower region is a magnesium alloy
- the upper porous region is a protective layer provided for cutting out the cross section, and between the magnesium alloy and the protective layer.
- a dark color region existing in the region is an oxide film.
- FIGS. 1 shows that the oxide film is formed with a uniform thickness even after the salt water corrosion test.
- sample no. In Nos. 1 to 6 it is considered that an oxide film is formed with a uniform thickness over time, and the presence of this oxide film has excellent corrosion resistance.
- the sample No. In No. 100 the thickness of the oxide film was non-uniform before and after the salt water corrosion test, and corrosion progressed at a location with poor corrosion resistance, resulting in pitting corrosion as shown in part (II) of FIG. From the photograph in FIG. 1, if an oxide film is formed with a uniform thickness substantially over the entire surface of the magnesium alloy after the salt water corrosion test, the surface of the magnesium alloy is substantially even before the salt water corrosion test. It can be estimated that the oxide film exists uniformly throughout. Therefore, sample no. Nos. 1 to 6 are considered to be excellent in corrosion resistance because the oxide film was present uniformly over the entire surface of the magnesium alloy even before the salt water corrosion test.
- the sample No. 1 to 6 are made of an intermetallic compound as shown in the parts (I) to (VI) of FIG. 3 and have small round particles dispersed therein. 100 shows that irregular and large particles are present sparsely as shown in FIG. 3 (VII).
- Sample No. The intermetallic compounds existing in 1 to 6 have a fine average particle diameter of 0.5 ⁇ m or less, the circularity coefficient is close to 1, and the interval between adjacent particles is also equal to the sample No. of the die cast material. Since the area ratio is smaller than 100 and the area ratio is 11 area% or less, the sample No. 1 to 6 confirm that the intermetallic compound is uniformly dispersed.
- sample No. in Nos. 1 to 6 in addition to the presence of the oxide film having a uniform thickness as described above, the structure in which the fine intermetallic compound particles are dispersed serves as a barrier against corrosion factors, and is considered to have excellent corrosion resistance.
- the sample No. 100 is composed of a structure in which large intermetallic compounds are present sparsely. It is considered that there is no barrier such as 1 to 6 and the corrosion resistance is poor.
- the reason why the corrosion resistance after the salt water corrosion test is superior is that the oxide film has grown to a uniform thickness during the corrosion test as described above. . Therefore, it can be considered that the increase in the corrosion reaction resistance after the salt water corrosion test can be used as one index of excellent corrosion resistance.
- sample No. 1 to 6 are, for example, sample Nos. In (I) part of FIG. As shown in the photograph in FIG. 1, the nest is not substantially observed, whereas the sample No. 100 indicates that there are many large nests. Sample No. 1 to 6 are considered to be excellent in corrosion resistance even in the absence of a large nest.
- Test Example 2 The inventors of the present invention have the sample No. 1 of Test Example 1 having excellent corrosion resistance. Among the samples 1 to 6, the corrosion reaction resistance after the salt water corrosion test was higher than that before the test, and the samples with improved corrosion resistance were analyzed in more detail.
- test piece was prepared from 3, and a salt water immersion test was performed on the test piece as a salt water corrosion test.
- the salt water immersion test was performed by holding the test piece completely immersed in the test solution (5% by mass NaCl aqueous solution) (maintaining at room temperature (25 ⁇ 2 ° C.) under air conditioning). Then, after performing a salt water immersion test for a predetermined time, the test piece was taken out from the test solution, and the cross-section of the test piece was subjected to elemental composition analysis by AES (Auger Electron Spectroscopy).
- the cross section of the test piece is obtained by cross section polisher processing using an Ar ion beam, and the cross section is subjected to line analysis in the thickness (depth) direction from the surface of the plate to the internal region by AES (line Scan).
- AES line Scan
- Part (I) in FIG. 5 is the AES analysis result after the 0.5 hour salt water immersion test
- part (II) in FIG. 5 is the AES analysis result after the 24 hour salt water immersion test.
- the horizontal axis is the distance (depth) [ ⁇ m] from the surface
- the vertical axis is the atomic number concentration [%]
- the solid line is Mg in the first state
- the thin broken line is the second.
- the state Mg, the one-dot chain line indicates the first state Al
- the thin two-dot chain line indicates the second state Al
- the thin solid line indicates oxygen (O).
- Mg in the first state is Mg existing in the state of hydroxide (eg, Mg (OH) 2 ) or oxide (eg, MgO), and Mg in the second state is It is Mg which exists in the state of a magnesium alloy (matrix phase).
- Al in the first state is Al existing in the state of hydroxide (eg, Al (OH) 2 ) or oxide (eg, AlO x ), and Al in the second state is It is Al existing in the matrix phase in the form of a solid solution or an intermetallic compound such as Mg 17 Al 12 .
- Such elements, compositions, chemical bonding states, and the like can be distinguished by measuring the energy of Auger electrons in AES analysis.
- the surface region (corrosion layer; 0.17 ⁇ m from the surface (0) (0.15 ⁇ m on the horizontal axis) It is considered that there is an Mg-rich oxide film region having a high Mg concentration in the first state in the vicinity range). Further, when it becomes deeper than the vicinity of 0.17 ⁇ m (0.15 ⁇ m on the horizontal axis) from the surface, the Mg concentration in the first state decreases and the Mg concentration in the second state increases. It is considered as an internal area that is not affected.
- the Al concentration in the second state substantially matches the Al concentration corresponding to the AZ91 alloy.
- the Al concentration in the first state in the surface region (corrosion layer) is higher than the Al concentration in the second state in the inner region (a region deeper than the vicinity of 0.23 ⁇ m (0.2 ⁇ m on the horizontal axis) from the surface) It is considered that an Al-rich Al high concentration region exists in the region.
- FIG. 6 shows that the specimen (magnesium alloy plate) after the 96-hour salt water immersion test has the highest surface area (corrosion layer; surface (0) to 0.69 ⁇ m (range around 0.6 ⁇ m on the horizontal axis)). From the surface side, an Mg-rich oxide film region and an Al-rich Al high concentration region are observed. Specifically, in the outermost surface region (range from the surface (0) to 0.35 ⁇ m (0.3 ⁇ m on the horizontal axis)), the Mg concentration in the first state is high and there is an Mg-rich oxide film region.
- the Al concentration in the first state is high and Al rich Al It is considered that a concentration region exists.
- the Mg concentration in the second state increases, and this range is considered as the internal region. That is, from the result of analysis of this test piece by AES, it can be seen that in this test piece, an oxide film region and an Al high concentration region are formed in the corrosion layer formed on the surface.
- the present inventors considered the mechanism by which the Al high concentration region is generated based on the above analysis results as follows.
- FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram for explaining the progress of corrosion of the magnesium alloy plate containing Al during the salt water immersion test.
- Mg in the Mg—Al-based alloy matrix elutes from the surface of the magnesium alloy plate 10 into the test solution (NaCl aqueous solution) in an ion 21 (Mg 2+ ) state ((I ) Part).
- Mg has a higher ionization tendency than Al, it is considered that Mg elutes preferentially.
- the elution of Mg relatively increases the Al concentration, and as the corrosion progresses, the Al concentration increases.
- the concentration of Mg ions 21 increases, and in addition, the pH increases (see part (II) in FIG. 7). Further, in the region where the Al concentration on the surface of the plate 10 is high, a part of the Al is combined with a hydroxide ion (OH ⁇ ) in the test solution to become a hydroxide. It reacts with oxygen in the liquid to form an oxide. Thereby, an Al-rich Al high concentration region 11 is generated on the surface of the plate 10.
- Mg ions 21 are deposited as Mg oxides 22 on the outermost surface of the plate 10 (the surface of the Al high concentration region 11) with the increase in pH near the surface of the plate 10 and the supersaturation of the Mg ions 21. (Refer to part (III) of FIG. 7).
- This Mg oxide 22 precipitates mainly in the state of hydroxide in the test solution, and after the test, the hydroxide is partially or completely changed to oxide with time by being exposed to the atmosphere. Conceivable.
- Mg oxide is deposited on the outermost surface of the plate 10 (the surface of the Al high concentration region 11), so that the Mg-rich oxide film region 12 is generated (see (VI) in FIG. 7). Therefore, in the corrosion layer formed on the surface, the oxide film region 12 of Mg oxide and the Al high concentration region 11 are generated.
- the Al high concentration region 11 appears in layers between the oxide film region 12 of Mg oxide and the portion of the initial magnesium alloy plate 10 (that is, the inner region of the plate not affected by corrosion). Can be considered.
- the Al high-concentration region 11 is presumed to have a certain effect of suppressing the progress of corrosion, but is not a dense passive film. Therefore, the corrosion progresses with time and the oxide film region 12 of Mg oxide. Is presumed to have been formed. In addition, this phenomenon is considered to be caused by a difference in the Al concentration in the Al high concentration region due to the difference in the Al content of the alloy if the magnesium alloy plate does not contain the AZ91 alloy but contains Al. obtain. Furthermore, if the Al high concentration region is a magnesium alloy plate in which an oxide film is generated with a uniform thickness over substantially the entire surface, the Al high concentration region is generated with a uniform thickness as with the oxide film. I guess that. That is, the Al high concentration region is considered to satisfy the same uniformity range (1 to 30) as the uniformity of the oxide film.
- the above-described embodiment can be appropriately changed without departing from the gist of the present invention, and is not limited to the above-described configuration.
- the composition of the magnesium alloy (particularly the Al content), the thickness of the magnesium alloy plate, the production conditions, and the like can be changed as appropriate.
- the magnesium alloy member of the present invention is suitable for various electrical and electronic equipment components, particularly for portable and small electrical and electronic equipment housings and various fields where high strength is desired. Can be used.
- the magnesium alloy sheet of the present invention can be suitably used as a material for the magnesium alloy member of the present invention.
- Magnesium alloy plate (inner area) 11 Al high concentration region 12
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Abstract
Description
[マグネシウム合金板]
(組成)
本発明マグネシウム合金板や本発明マグネシウム合金部材を構成するマグネシウム合金は、Mgに添加元素を含有した種々の組成のもの(残部:Mg及び不純物)が挙げられる。特に、本発明では、添加元素に少なくともAlを含有するMg-Al系合金とする。Alの含有量が多いほど、耐食性に優れる上に、強度、耐塑性変形性といった機械的特性にも優れる傾向にある。従って、Alの含有量は、4.5質量%以上、更に7質量%以上、とりわけ7.5質量%超が好ましい。但し、Alの含有量が12質量%を超えると塑性加工性の低下を招くことから、上限は、12質量%、更に11質量%が好ましい。
<金属間化合物>
≪組成≫
上記マグネシウム合金は、マトリクス相中に微細な金属間化合物の粒子が特定の範囲で分散した組織を有する。金属間化合物は、例えば、Mg17Al12といったMg及びAlを含有する化合物、Al(MnFe)といったAlを含有する化合物が挙げられる。
上記「微細」とは、平均粒径が0.5μm以下を満たすことを言い、「分散した組織」とは、マグネシウム合金板の断面を100面積%とするとき、上記金属間化合物の粒子が合計で11面積%以下存在することを言う。上記面積割合が0面積%超であることで、マグネシウム合金板中に上記金属間化合物が十分に存在し、かつ、平均粒径が0.5μm以下であることで、微細な金属間化合物が分散していることによる耐食性の向上効果を十分に得られる。上記平均粒径が大き過ぎたり、上記面積割合が大き過ぎると、マグネシウム合金板中に金属間化合物が過剰に存在したり、5μm以上といった粗大な粒子が存在することで、マトリクス相中のAlの固溶量(Al濃度)が低減されて耐食性の低下を招く。更に、金属間化合物の粒子が粗大で、マトリクス相中に疎らに存在していると、当該粗大な粒子とマトリクス相との間で局部電池を形成し、孔食などの腐食が生じ易くなる。更に、上述のような粗大な粒子は、塑性加工時などで割れなどの起点となり得る。従って、金属間化合物は、できるだけ小さい粒子が均一的に分散していることが好ましく、上記平均粒径は、0.3μm以下がより好ましい。上記面積割合は、8面積%以下がより好ましいと考えられる。
また、マグネシウム合金板の断面において、上記金属間化合物の粒子の個数が0.1個/μm2以上であると、上述の微細な金属間化合物の粒子がマトリクス相中に均一的に分散しており、更に優れた耐食性を有することができる。上記個数は、0.3個/μm2以上がより好ましい。但し、大きな金属間化合物の粒子が多過ぎると、上述のようにマトリクス相のAl濃度が低下して耐食性の低下を招くことから、上述のように金属間化合物の粒子は、小さいことが望ましい。
本発明マグネシウム合金板の一形態として、上記板に存在する巣の最大径が5μm以下である形態が挙げられる。鋳造材では、巣(ポア)と呼ばれる鋳造欠陥が存在し易い。上記巣を有する鋳造材に圧延などの加工を行うことで、上記巣を消滅したり小さくしたりすることができるが、鋳造材のままでは、巣が消滅などすることなく存在する。最大径が5μm超といった粗大な巣が存在し、特に、マグネシウム合金板の表面に露出している場合、腐食の起点となり易く、耐食性の低下を招く。これに対し、本発明マグネシウム合金板は、後述するように鋳造板に圧延を施した圧延板とすることで、上記粗大な巣が少なく、或いは実質的に存在せず、上記粗大な巣の存在による耐食性の低下が生じ難く、耐食性に優れる。巣は、存在しないことが好ましいため、巣の数及び最大径の下限は、設けない。
本発明マグネシウム合金板は、その表面の実質的に全面に亘って均一的な厚さの酸化膜を具えることを特徴の一つとする。ここで、マグネシウム合金は、活性であるため、防食処理や塗装を施さないと、その表面に酸化膜が形成される。本発明者らが調べたところ、鋳造材では、上記酸化膜が不均一な厚さで生成されており、このような鋳造材は、耐食性に劣っていた。そこで、耐食性に優れる本発明マグネシウム合金板の構成要件の一つとして、酸化膜が均一的な厚さで形成されていることを規定する。表面の実質的に全面とは、検査装置の測定限界などにより酸化膜を精度よく確認できない箇所を除いた領域であり、マグネシウム合金板の表面積の90%以上、特に95%以上を言う。また、酸化膜は、実質的にマグネシウム酸化物(水酸化物を含む)で形成されるが(90質量%以上)、Alなどの不純物を含むことを許容する。
本発明マグネシウム合金板の一形態として、当該板に塩水腐食試験を行った後における交流インピーダンスによる腐食反応抵抗が当該塩水腐食試験前における交流インピーダンスによる腐食反応抵抗よりも大きい形態が挙げられる。本発明者らが調べたところ、耐食性に優れるマグネシウム合金板の中には、塩水腐食試験後において、塩水腐食試験の前よりも腐食反応抵抗が大きくなっている、即ち、塩水腐食試験後にも係わらず耐食性が向上しているマグネシウム合金板が存在する、という驚くべき知見を得た。
本発明マグネシウム合金板は、代表的には全体に亘って厚さが均一である形態が挙げられる。その他、ロール外周に凹溝を有する圧延ロールを利用して圧延を施して、部分的に厚さが異なる箇所を有する形態や、切削加工により設けた貫通孔を具える形態など、製造工程に施す種々の加工、処理により種々の形態が挙げられる。板の形態や厚さ、大きさ(面積)は、所望の用途に応じて適宜選択することができる。特に、最大厚さが2.0mm以下、更に1.5mm以下、とりわけ1mm以下であると、薄型、軽量の部材(代表的には筐体)の素材に好適に利用することができる。
本発明マグネシウム合金部材は、上記本発明マグネシウム合金板に、プレス、鍛造、曲げなどの種々の塑性加工を施すことにより得られる。形状・大きさは、特に問わない。例えば、天板部(底面部)と、天板部の周縁から立設される側壁部とを有する断面]状の箱体や]状の枠体、L字状の枠体、天板部が円板状で、側壁部が円筒状の有蓋筒状体などが挙げられる。上記天板部などは、ボスなどを一体に成形又は接合していたり、表裏に貫通する孔や厚さ方向に凹んだ溝を有していたり、段差形状になっていたり、切削加工などにより局所的に厚さが異なる部分を有していてもよい。
上記本発明マグネシウム合金板は、例えば、以下の各工程を具える製造方法により、製造することができる。
準備工程:Alを含有するマグネシウム合金からなり、連続鋳造法で製造した鋳造板を準備する工程。
溶体化工程:上記鋳造板に350℃以上の温度で溶体化処理を施して、固溶板を製造する工程。
圧延工程:上記固溶板に温間圧延を施し、圧延板を製造する工程。
特に、溶体化工程以降の製造工程において、加工対象である素材板(代表的には圧延板)を150℃以上300℃以下の温度域に保持する総合計時間を1時間以上12時間以内とすると共に、300℃超の温度に加熱しないように、上記素材板の熱履歴を制御する。
(準備工程)
上記鋳造板は、双ロール法といった連続鋳造法、特に、国際公開第2006/003899号パンフレットに記載の鋳造方法で製造した鋳造板を利用することが好ましい。連続鋳造法は、急冷凝固が可能であるため、酸化物や偏析などを低減できる上に、10μm超といった粗大な晶析出物が生成されることを抑制することができる。従って、圧延加工性に優れる鋳造板が得られる。鋳造板の厚さは、特に問わないが、厚過ぎると偏析が生じ易いため、10mm以下、特に5mm以下が好ましい。
上記鋳造板に溶体化処理を施して、組成を均質化すると共に、Alといった元素を固溶させた固溶板を製造する。溶体化処理は、保持温度を350℃以上、特に、保持温度:380℃~420℃、保持時間:60分~2400分(1時間~40時間)とすることが好ましい。また、保持時間は、Alの含有量が多いほど長くすることが好ましい。更に、上記保持時間からの冷却工程において、水冷や衝風といった強制冷却などを利用して冷却速度を速めると、粗大な析出物の析出を抑制できて好ましい。上述のように溶体化処理を行うことでマグネシウム合金中にAlを十分に固溶させられる。
上記固溶板に圧延を施すにあたり、素材(固溶板や最終圧延が施されるまでの圧延途中の板)を加熱することで塑性加工性(圧延加工性)を高めることができる。特に、上記素材を300℃超に加熱すると塑性加工性を十分に高められて圧延を行い易い。しかし、上述のように金属間化合物(析出物)の過剰な生成や粗大化による耐食性の低下を招いたり、素材の焼き付きが発生したり、素材の結晶粒が粗大化して圧延後に得られた板の機械特性が低下したりする。そのため、圧延工程において素材の加熱温度も300℃以下とする。特に、素材の加熱温度は、150℃以上280℃以下が好ましい。複数回(多パス)の圧延を施すことで、所望の板厚にできると共に、素材の平均結晶粒径を小さくしたり(例えば、10μm以下、好ましくは5μm以下)、圧延やプレス加工といった塑性加工性を高められる。圧延は、公知の条件、例えば、素材だけでなく圧延ロールも加熱したり、特許文献1に開示される制御圧延などを組み合わせて利用してもよい。
上記圧延工程により得られた圧延板に、特許文献1に記載されるように最終熱処理(最終焼鈍)を施してもよいが、この最終熱処理を施さず、或いは最終熱処理後に上述のように温間矯正を施すと、プレス加工といった塑性加工性に優れて好ましい。矯正は、国際公開第2009/001516号パンフレットに記載されるようなロールレベラなどを用い、圧延板を100℃~300℃、好ましくは150℃以上280℃以下に加熱して行うことが挙げられる。このような温間矯正を行った矯正板にプレス加工といった塑性加工を施すと、塑性加工時に動的再結晶化が生じることで、塑性加工性に優れる。
従来、溶体化処理以降、最終製品までの工程において、素材を150℃~300℃の温度域に保持する総合計時間をどの程度にするか十分に検討されていなかった。これに対して、上述のように金属間化合物が生成され易かったり成長し易かったりする上記温度域の保持時間を特定の範囲に制御することで、特定量の微細な金属間化合物が分散して存在する組織を有する本発明マグネシウム合金板が得られる。
上記圧延板や、上記圧延板に上記最終熱処理や上記矯正を施した処理板にプレス加工といった塑性加工を施すことで、本発明マグネシウム合金部材が得られる。上記塑性加工は、200℃~300℃の温度域で行うと、素材の塑性加工性を高められて、塑性加工を行い易い。塑性加工時において素材を上記200℃~300℃に保持する時間は、非常に短く、例えば、プレス加工では、60秒以内であり、上述したような金属間化合物の粗大化などの不具合は、実質的に生じないと考えられる。
[試験例1]
種々の条件でマグネシウム合金板を作製して、各板の金属組織、表面状態、及び耐食性を調べた。
この試験では、以下のように作製した試料No.1~6のマグネシウム合金板と、比較として市販の鋳造材(AZ91合金、厚さ3mmの板)を用意した。この鋳造材に、後述する試料No.1~6に施した研磨処理と同様の条件で湿式研磨を施して研磨板を作製し、この研磨板を試料No.100とした。
上記測定装置は、市販の装置(例えば、北斗電工株式会社製 HZ-3000、株式会社エヌエフ回路設計ブロック製 FRA5080など)を利用することができる。
電極:3電極式、参照電極:Ag/AgCl、対極:Pt
測定条件:電流変調:10μA/cm2、測定周波数範囲:10kHz~100mHz
本発明者らは、上記耐食性に優れる試験例1の試料No.1~6のうち、塩水腐食試験後の腐食反応抵抗が当該試験前よりも高く、耐食性が向上している試料について更に詳しく分析した。
11 Al高濃度領域 12 酸化膜領域
21 Mgイオン 22 Mg酸化物
Claims (8)
- Alを含有するマグネシウム合金からなるマグネシウム合金板であって、
前記板中にAl及びMgの少なくとも一方を含む金属間化合物の粒子が分散して存在しており、
前記金属間化合物の粒子の平均粒径が0.5μm以下であり、
前記板の断面において、前記金属間化合物の粒子の合計面積の割合が0%超11%以下であり、
前記板の表面の実質的に全面に亘って、均一的な厚さの酸化膜を具えるマグネシウム合金板。 - 前記板に塩水腐食試験を行った後の当該板の断面において、当該板の表面に具える酸化膜の最大厚さをtmax、最小厚さをtmin、最大厚さtmaxと最小厚さtminとの比tmax/tminを均一度とするとき、均一度が1以上30以下である請求項1に記載のマグネシウム合金板。
- 前記板に塩水腐食試験を行った後における交流インピーダンスによる腐食反応抵抗が当該塩水腐食試験前における交流インピーダンスによる腐食反応抵抗よりも大きい請求項1又は2に記載のマグネシウム合金板。
- 前記板の断面において、前記金属間化合物の粒子の個数が0.1個/μm2以上である請求項1~3のいずれか1項に記載のマグネシウム合金板。
- 前記板に存在する巣の最大径が5μm以下である請求項1~4のいずれか1項に記載のマグネシウム合金板。
- 前記板は、Alを7.5質量%超12質量%以下含有する請求項1~5のいずれか1項に記載のマグネシウム合金板。
- 前記板に塩水腐食試験を行った後の当該板の表面に形成された腐食層において、酸化膜領域とAl高濃度領域とを有する請求項1~6のいずれか1項に記載のマグネシウム合金板。
- 請求項1に記載のマグネシウム合金板に塑性加工が施されてなるマグネシウム合金部材。
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- 2011-01-25 EP EP11739643.2A patent/EP2535435B1/en not_active Not-in-force
- 2011-01-25 KR KR1020157034979A patent/KR20150143896A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2011-01-25 US US13/577,269 patent/US9181608B2/en active Active
- 2011-01-25 KR KR1020127020351A patent/KR20120115532A/ko active Application Filing
- 2011-01-25 WO PCT/JP2011/051256 patent/WO2011096294A1/ja active Application Filing
- 2011-01-25 BR BR112012019743A patent/BR112012019743A2/pt not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2011-01-25 RU RU2012138462/02A patent/RU2012138462A/ru not_active Application Discontinuation
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WO2019069841A1 (ja) * | 2017-10-02 | 2019-04-11 | 学校法人 芝浦工業大学 | 高耐食性マグネシウム合金材及びその製造方法 |
JPWO2019069841A1 (ja) * | 2017-10-02 | 2020-11-19 | 学校法人 芝浦工業大学 | 高耐食性マグネシウム合金材及びその製造方法 |
JP7148992B2 (ja) | 2017-10-02 | 2022-10-06 | 学校法人 芝浦工業大学 | 高耐食性マグネシウム合金材及びその製造方法 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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EP2535435A1 (en) | 2012-12-19 |
US20120321881A1 (en) | 2012-12-20 |
JP5637386B2 (ja) | 2014-12-10 |
US9181608B2 (en) | 2015-11-10 |
CN102753716B (zh) | 2014-10-29 |
KR20120115532A (ko) | 2012-10-18 |
BR112012019743A2 (pt) | 2016-05-10 |
JP2011179112A (ja) | 2011-09-15 |
CN102753716A (zh) | 2012-10-24 |
KR20150143896A (ko) | 2015-12-23 |
RU2012138462A (ru) | 2014-03-20 |
TWI486457B (zh) | 2015-06-01 |
TW201202437A (en) | 2012-01-16 |
EP2535435A4 (en) | 2017-08-09 |
EP2535435B1 (en) | 2019-01-09 |
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