WO2011078314A1 - 合わせガラス用中間膜及び合わせガラス - Google Patents
合わせガラス用中間膜及び合わせガラス Download PDFInfo
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- WO2011078314A1 WO2011078314A1 PCT/JP2010/073302 JP2010073302W WO2011078314A1 WO 2011078314 A1 WO2011078314 A1 WO 2011078314A1 JP 2010073302 W JP2010073302 W JP 2010073302W WO 2011078314 A1 WO2011078314 A1 WO 2011078314A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- layer
- polyvinyl acetal
- acetal resin
- mol
- laminated glass
- Prior art date
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
- B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
- B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
- B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
- B32B17/1055—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the resin layer, i.e. interlayer
- B32B17/10761—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the resin layer, i.e. interlayer containing vinyl acetal
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
- B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
- B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
- B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
- B32B17/10009—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the number, the constitution or treatment of glass sheets
- B32B17/10036—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the number, the constitution or treatment of glass sheets comprising two outer glass sheets
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
- C08K5/04—Oxygen-containing compounds
- C08K5/10—Esters; Ether-esters
- C08K5/101—Esters; Ether-esters of monocarboxylic acids
- C08K5/103—Esters; Ether-esters of monocarboxylic acids with polyalcohols
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2250/00—Layers arrangement
- B32B2250/03—3 layers
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/31504—Composite [nonstructural laminate]
- Y10T428/31551—Of polyamidoester [polyurethane, polyisocyanate, polycarbamate, etc.]
- Y10T428/31627—Next to aldehyde or ketone condensation product
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/31504—Composite [nonstructural laminate]
- Y10T428/31551—Of polyamidoester [polyurethane, polyisocyanate, polycarbamate, etc.]
- Y10T428/31627—Next to aldehyde or ketone condensation product
- Y10T428/3163—Next to acetal of polymerized unsaturated alcohol [e.g., formal butyral, etc.]
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/31504—Composite [nonstructural laminate]
- Y10T428/31942—Of aldehyde or ketone condensation product
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/31504—Composite [nonstructural laminate]
- Y10T428/31942—Of aldehyde or ketone condensation product
- Y10T428/31946—Next to second aldehyde or ketone condensation product
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an interlayer film for laminated glass having a multilayer structure of at least two layers, and more specifically, an interlayer film for laminated glass in which each layer contains a polyvinyl acetal resin and a plasticizer, respectively, and the interlayer film for laminated glass It is related with the laminated glass using.
- Laminated glass is superior in safety even if it is damaged by an external impact and the amount of glass fragments scattered is small. For this reason, the said laminated glass is widely used for a motor vehicle, a rail vehicle, an aircraft, a ship, a building, etc.
- the laminated glass is manufactured by sandwiching an interlayer film for laminated glass between a pair of glass plates.
- Patent Document 1 As an example of the interlayer film for laminated glass, Patent Document 1 listed below discloses that 100 parts by weight of a polyvinyl acetal resin having a degree of acetalization of 60 to 85 mol% and at least one of alkali metal salts and alkaline earth metal salts.
- a sound insulation layer containing 0.001 to 1.0 parts by weight of a metal salt of the above and 30 parts by weight or more of a plasticizer is disclosed. This sound insulation layer may be a single layer and used as an intermediate film.
- Patent Document 1 also describes a multilayer intermediate film in which the sound insulation layer and other layers are laminated.
- the other layer laminated on the sound insulation layer is composed of 100 parts by weight of a polyvinyl acetal resin having an acetalization degree of 60 to 85 mol%, and at least one metal salt of at least one of an alkali metal salt and an alkaline earth metal salt. 1.0 part by weight and a plasticizer of 30 parts by weight or less are included.
- the sound insulation in the frequency region near 2000 Hz of the laminated glass is not sufficient, and therefore the sound insulation performance is inevitably lowered due to the coincidence effect. There is. In particular, the sound insulation properties at around 20 ° C. of this laminated glass may not be sufficient.
- the coincidence effect means that when a sound wave is incident on the glass plate, the transverse wave propagates on the glass surface due to the rigidity and inertia of the glass plate, and the transverse wave and the incident sound resonate. This is a phenomenon that occurs.
- the sound insulating property in the vicinity of 20 ° C. of the laminated glass can be increased to some extent. it can.
- the multilayer interlayer film has the sound insulating layer, foaming may occur in the laminated glass using the multilayer interlayer film.
- An object of the present invention is to provide an interlayer film for laminated glass capable of obtaining a laminated glass capable of suppressing the occurrence of foaming and the growth of foam, and a laminated glass using the interlayer film for laminated glass.
- a limited object of the present invention is to provide an interlayer film for laminated glass capable of obtaining a laminated glass excellent in sound insulation, and a laminated glass using the interlayer film for laminated glass.
- a first layer containing a polyvinyl acetal resin and a plasticizer is laminated on one surface of the first layer, and contains a polyvinyl acetal resin and a plasticizer.
- the plasticizer content is 50 parts by weight or more with respect to 100 parts by weight of the polyvinyl acetal resin in the first layer, and the polyvinyl acetal resin in the first layer.
- the hydroxyl group content is lower than the hydroxyl group content of the polyvinyl acetal resin in the second layer, the hydroxyl group content of the polyvinyl acetal resin in the first layer and the second layer in the second layer.
- the difference between the hydroxyl content of the polyvinyl acetal resin is 9.2 mol% or less, the hydroxyl content of the polyvinyl acetal resin in the first layer and the hydroxyl content of the second layer.
- the difference from the hydroxyl group content of the polyvinyl acetal resin is more than 8.5 mol% and 9.2 mol% or less, the degree of acetylation of the polyvinyl acetal resin in the first layer is An interlayer film for laminated glass that is 8 mol% or less is provided.
- the hydroxyl group content of the polyvinyl acetal resin in the first layer and the hydroxyl group content of the polyvinyl acetal resin in the second layer Is a difference of 9.2 mol% or less, and the difference between the hydroxyl group content of the polyvinyl acetal resin in the first layer and the hydroxyl group content of the polyvinyl acetal resin in the second layer is , 8.5 mol% or less, the degree of acetylation of the polyvinyl acetal resin in the first layer exceeds 8 mol%.
- the polyvinyl acetal resin in the first layer has an acetylation degree of 8 mol% or less and a hydroxyl group content of less than 31.5 mol%. is there.
- the degree of acetylation of the polyvinyl acetal resin in the first layer is 8 mol% or less, and the degree of acetalization is 68 mol% or more.
- the content of hydroxyl groups in the polyvinyl acetal resin in the first layer is less than 31.5 mol%, and the degree of acetalization is 68 mol% or more. is there.
- the hydroxyl group content of the polyvinyl acetal resin in the first layer and the hydroxyl group content of the polyvinyl acetal resin in the second layer Is not more than 8.5 mol%, the degree of acetylation of the polyvinyl acetal resin in the first layer is more than 8 mol% and less than 20 mol%.
- the hydroxyl group content of the polyvinyl acetal resin in the first layer and the hydroxyl group content of the polyvinyl acetal resin in the second layer are hydroxyl group content of the polyvinyl acetal resin in the first layer and the hydroxyl group content of the polyvinyl acetal resin in the second layer.
- the difference from the rate is 8.5 mol% or less
- the degree of acetylation of the polyvinyl acetal resin in the first layer exceeds 8 mol%
- the degree of acetalization is 52.5 mol% or more. It is.
- the hydroxyl group content of the polyvinyl acetal resin in the first layer and the hydroxyl group content of the polyvinyl acetal resin in the second layer Is 8.5 mol% or less, the degree of acetylation of the polyvinyl acetal resin in the first layer exceeds 8 mol%, and the hydroxyl group content is 28 mol% or less.
- the polyvinyl acetal resin in the first layer is obtained by acetalizing polyvinyl alcohol having a degree of polymerization of more than 1700 and 3000 or less. It is a polyvinyl acetal resin obtained.
- the hydroxyl group content of the polyvinyl acetal resin in the second layer is 33 mol% or less.
- the content of the plasticizer with respect to 100 parts by weight of the polyvinyl acetal resin in the first layer is the polyvinyl acetal in the second layer.
- the content of the plasticizer is more than 100 parts by weight of the resin.
- the content of the plasticizer with respect to 100 parts by weight of the polyvinyl acetal resin in the first layer is the polyvinyl in the second layer.
- the amount of the plasticizer is 20 parts by weight or more than 100 parts by weight of the acetal resin.
- the hydroxyl group content of the polyvinyl acetal resin in the first layer and the hydroxyl group content of the polyvinyl acetal resin in the second layer Is 8.5 mol% or less.
- a third layer that is laminated on the other surface of the first layer and contains a polyvinyl acetal resin and a plasticizer is further provided.
- the hydroxyl content of the polyvinyl acetal resin in the first layer is lower than the hydroxyl content of the polyvinyl acetal resin in the third layer;
- the difference between the hydroxyl group content of the polyvinyl acetal resin and the hydroxyl group content of the polyvinyl acetal resin in the third layer is 9.2 mol% or less, and the polyvinyl acetal resin in the first layer is not more than 9.2 mol%.
- the first In the layer Acetylation degree of the polyvinyl acetal resin is not more than 8 mol%.
- the hydroxyl group content of the polyvinyl acetal resin in the first layer and the hydroxyl group content of the polyvinyl acetal resin in the third layer is 9.2 mol% or less.
- the acetylation degree of the polyvinyl acetal resin in the first layer exceeds 8 mol%.
- the content of hydroxyl groups in the polyvinyl acetal resin in the first layer is less than 31.5 mol%, and the degree of acetalization is 68 mol% or more. It is.
- the hydroxyl group content of the polyvinyl acetal resin in the third layer is 33 mol% or less.
- the content of the plasticizer with respect to 100 parts by weight of the polyvinyl acetal resin in the first layer is in the second and third layers.
- the content of the plasticizer is more than 100 parts by weight of the polyvinyl acetal resin.
- the interlayer film for laminated glass according to the present invention preferably contains a polyvinyl butyral resin as the polyvinyl acetal resin contained in the first to third layers.
- the interlayer film for laminated glass according to the present invention preferably contains triethylene glycol di-2-ethylhexanoate as the plasticizer contained in the first to third layers.
- the laminated glass according to the present invention comprises first and second laminated glass constituent members and an intermediate film sandwiched between the first and second laminated glass constituent members, and the intermediate film comprises: 1 is an interlayer film for laminated glass constructed according to the present invention.
- the content of hydroxyl groups of the polyvinyl acetal resin in the first layer is lower than the content of hydroxyl groups of the polyvinyl acetal resin in the second layer, and the first layer
- the content of the plasticizer with respect to 100 parts by weight of the polyvinyl acetal resin is 50 parts by weight or more, the hydroxyl group content of the polyvinyl acetal resin in the first layer and the polyvinyl in the second layer
- the difference between the hydroxyl group content of the acetal resin is 9.2 mol% or less, and further the hydroxyl group content of the polyvinyl acetal resin in the first layer and the polyvinyl acetal resin in the second layer.
- the degree of acetylation of the polyvinyl acetal resin in the first layer is because it is less mole%, combined when used to construct the glass, it is possible to suppress bubble formation and bubble growth in a laminated glass.
- FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing an interlayer film for laminated glass according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing an example of a laminated glass using the laminated glass interlayer film shown in FIG.
- FIG. 1 schematically shows a cross-sectional view of an interlayer film for laminated glass according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- the intermediate film 1 shown in FIG. 1 includes a first layer 2, a second layer 3 stacked on one surface 2 a (first surface) of the first layer 2, and the other of the first layer 2. And a third layer 4 laminated on the surface 2b (second surface).
- the intermediate film 1 is used to obtain a laminated glass.
- the intermediate film 1 is an intermediate film for laminated glass.
- the intermediate film 1 is a multilayer intermediate film.
- the first layer 2 is an intermediate layer
- the second, third layers 3 and 4 are surface layers
- the second and third layers 3 and 4 are intermediate layers
- other interlayer films for laminated glass are further laminated on the outer surfaces 3a and 4a of the second and third layers 3 and 4. May be.
- the first to third layers 2 to 4 each contain a polyvinyl acetal resin and a plasticizer.
- the main feature of the present embodiment is that the hydroxyl group content of the polyvinyl acetal resin in the first layer 2 is lower than the hydroxyl group content of the polyvinyl acetal resin in the second layer 3.
- the difference between the hydroxyl group content of the polyvinyl acetal resin in the layer 2 and the hydroxyl group content of the polyvinyl acetal resin in the second layer 3 (hereinafter referred to as a content difference (1-2)).
- the content difference (1-2) exceeds 8.5 mol% and is 9.2 mol% or less, the degree of acetylation of the polyvinyl acetal resin in the first layer 2 is 8 mol%. It is the following.
- the content of the plasticizer with respect to 100 parts by weight of the polyvinyl acetal resin in the first layer 2 is 50 parts by weight or more.
- the content difference (1-2) may be more than 8.5 mol% and 9.2 mol% or less, and may be 8.5 mol% or less.
- the hydroxyl content of the polyvinyl acetal resin in the first layer 2 is lower than the hydroxyl content of the polyvinyl acetal resin in the third layer 4.
- There is a difference between the hydroxyl group content of the polyvinyl acetal resin in the third layer 4 and the hydroxyl group content of the polyvinyl acetal resin in the third layer 4 hereinafter sometimes referred to as a content ratio difference (1-3)).
- the difference between the hydroxyl group content of the polyvinyl acetal resin in the first layer 2 and the hydroxyl group content of the polyvinyl acetal resin in the third layer 4 exceeds 8.5 mol% and is 9.2 mol% or less, the degree of acetylation of the polyvinyl acetal resin in the first layer 2 is 8 mol% or less. Preferably there is. However, even when the content difference (1-3) is 8.5 mol% or less, the content difference (1-2) exceeds 8.5 mol% and is 9.2 mol% or less.
- the degree of acetylation of the polyvinyl acetal resin in the first layer 2 is 8 mol% or less.
- the content difference (1-3) exceeds 8.5 mol%, may be 9.2 mol% or less, and may be 8.5 mol% or less.
- the degree of acetylation of the resin is limited to 8 mol% or less, together with the difference in content (1-2) and the difference in content (1-3), together with the acetylation of the polyvinyl acetal resin in the first layer 2 This is because when the degree is increased, the effect of suppressing the occurrence of foaming and growth of the laminated glass tends to be reduced.
- the degree of acetylation of the polyvinyl acetal resin in the first layer 2 is 8 mol%. Even if it exceeds, generation
- the present inventors have found that a plasticizer migrates between the respective layers, and as a result, a layer having a high plasticizer content is formed. It was found that the plasticizer migrated from the first layer to the first layer, and as a result, the plasticizer content in the first layer increased. Furthermore, when a layer having a high plasticizer content is formed, that is, when the content of the plasticizer in the first layer is increased, foaming is likely to occur in the laminated glass using the interlayer film for laminated glass, and further foaming occurs. It has also been found that once foaming occurs, foaming grows with the resulting foaming as a nucleus.
- the present inventors have controlled the content of each hydroxyl group of the polyvinyl acetal resin in the first to third layers as described above. It has also been found that the occurrence of foaming and the growth of foaming in the laminated glass can be sufficiently suppressed. Since the migration of the plasticizer can be suppressed and the occurrence of foaming and the growth of foaming in the laminated glass can be sufficiently suppressed, the plasticizer content in each layer, particularly the plasticizer content in the first layer 2 should be increased. Can do. For this reason, the sound insulation of a laminated glass can be improved.
- the preferred lower limit of the difference from the content of each hydroxyl group in the acetal resin is 0.1 mol%, more preferred lower limit is 1 mol%, still more preferred.
- the lower limit is 2 mol%, the preferred upper limit is 8.5 mol%, the more preferred upper limit is 7.8 mol%, the still more preferred upper limit is 7 mol%, and the particularly preferred upper limit is 5.6 mol%.
- the hydroxyl group content of the polyvinyl acetal resin in the first layer 2 and the above in the second and third layers 3 and 4 The difference from the content of each hydroxyl group in the polyvinyl acetal resin (content difference (1-2) and content difference (1-3)) is preferably 5 mol% or less, more preferably 4.5 mol% or less, more More preferably, it is 4 mol% or less, More preferably, it is 3.5 mol% or less.
- the sound insulation of the laminated glass can be sufficiently improved.
- the content of the plasticizer with respect to 100 parts by weight of the polyvinyl acetal resin in the first layer 2 is 60 parts by weight or more, the sound insulation of the laminated glass can be further enhanced.
- first to third layers 2 to 4 of the intermediate film 1 each contain a polyvinyl acetal resin and a plasticizer, the adhesive strength of the first to third layers 2 to 4 can be increased. For this reason, the adhesive force of the intermediate film 1 with respect to a laminated glass structural member can be made still higher.
- the polyvinyl acetal resin can be produced, for example, by acetalizing polyvinyl alcohol with an aldehyde.
- the polyvinyl alcohol can be obtained, for example, by saponifying polyvinyl acetate.
- the saponification degree of the polyvinyl alcohol is generally in the range of 70 to 99.9 mol%, and preferably in the range of 80 to 99.8 mol%.
- the polymerization degree of the polyvinyl alcohol is preferably 200 or more, more preferably 500 or more, more preferably 3000 or less, and further preferably 2800 or less.
- fills the said preferable minimum the penetration resistance of a laminated glass can be improved further.
- fills the said preferable upper limit shaping
- the polyvinyl acetal resin in the first layer is preferably a polyvinyl acetal resin obtained by acetalizing polyvinyl alcohol having a degree of polymerization of more than 1700 and 3000 or less.
- the degree of polymerization indicates an average degree of polymerization.
- the average degree of polymerization of the polyvinyl alcohol is determined by a method based on JIS K6726 “Testing method for polyvinyl alcohol”.
- the aldehyde is not particularly limited. In general, an aldehyde having 1 to 10 carbon atoms is preferably used as the aldehyde.
- Examples of the aldehyde having 1 to 10 carbon atoms include propionaldehyde, n-butyraldehyde, isobutyraldehyde, n-valeraldehyde, 2-ethylbutyraldehyde, n-hexylaldehyde, n-octylaldehyde, and n-nonylaldehyde.
- n-butyraldehyde n-hexylaldehyde or n-valeraldehyde is preferable, and n-butyraldehyde is more preferable.
- the said aldehyde only 1 type may be used and 2 or more types may be used together.
- the polyvinyl acetal resin is preferably a polyvinyl butyral resin.
- the interlayer film for laminated glass according to the present invention preferably contains a polyvinyl butyral resin as the polyvinyl acetal resin contained in the first to third layers. Synthesis of polyvinyl butyral resin is easy. Furthermore, the adhesive force of the intermediate film 1 with respect to the laminated glass constituent member is more appropriately expressed by using the polyvinyl butyral resin. Furthermore, light resistance, weather resistance, etc. can be further improved.
- the preferred lower limit of the hydroxyl group content (hydroxyl group amount) of the polyvinyl acetal resin contained in the first layer 2 as the intermediate layer is 20 mol%, more preferred lower limit is 22 mol%, still more preferred lower limit is 23 mol%, A particularly preferred lower limit is 25 mol%, a preferred upper limit is 30 mol%, a more preferred upper limit is 28 mol%, a still more preferred upper limit is 27 mol%, and a particularly preferred upper limit is 26 mol%.
- the adhesive strength of the first layer 2 can be further increased.
- the hydroxyl group content satisfies the preferable upper limit the sound insulating properties of the laminated glass can be further enhanced. Furthermore, the flexibility of the intermediate film 1 is increased, and the handleability of the intermediate film 1 can be further enhanced.
- the hydroxyl group content of the polyvinyl acetal resin in the first layer 2 is lower than the hydroxyl group content of the polyvinyl acetal resin in the second and third layers 3 and 4, the first layer 2 The plasticizer content of can be increased.
- the preferable lower limit of the hydroxyl group content of the polyvinyl acetal resin contained in the second and third layers 3 and 4 as the surface layer is 26 mol%, more preferably 27 mol%, and still more preferably 28 mol. %, A particularly preferred lower limit is 29 mol%, a preferred upper limit is 35 mol%, a more preferred upper limit is 33 mol%, a still more preferred upper limit is 32 mol%, and a particularly preferred upper limit is 31.5 mol%.
- the adhesive strength of the intermediate film 1 can be further increased.
- the hydroxyl group content satisfies the preferable upper limit the flexibility of the intermediate film 1 is increased, and the handleability of the intermediate film 1 can be further enhanced.
- the content of hydroxyl groups in the polyvinyl acetal resin is a value obtained by dividing the amount of ethylene groups to which hydroxyl groups are bonded by the total amount of ethylene groups in the main chain, as a percentage (mol%). .
- the amount of the ethylene group to which the hydroxyl group is bonded can be determined, for example, by measuring the amount of ethylene group to which the hydroxyl group of the polyvinyl acetal resin is bonded by a method based on JIS K6728 “Testing method for polyvinyl butyral”. it can.
- the degree of acetylation (acetyl group amount) of the polyvinyl acetal resin contained in the first layer 2 is preferably 30 mol% or less. When the degree of acetylation exceeds 30 mol%, the reaction efficiency in producing a polyvinyl acetal resin may be reduced.
- the more preferable lower limit of the degree of acetylation of the polyvinyl acetal resin contained in the first layer 2 is 0.1 mol%, the more preferable lower limit is 0.5 mol%, the still more preferable lower limit is 1 mol%, and the particularly preferable lower limit. Is 1.2 mol%, the preferable upper limit is 24 mol%, the more preferable upper limit is 20 mol%, the still more preferable upper limit is 16 mol%, and the particularly preferable upper limit is 15 mol%.
- a preferable lower limit of the degree of acetylation of the polyvinyl acetal resin contained in the second and third layers 3 and 4 is 0.1 mol%, a more preferable lower limit is 0.5 mol%, and a further preferable lower limit is 0.8 mol%.
- the preferred upper limit is 10 mol%, the more preferred upper limit is 5 mol%, the still more preferred upper limit is 2 mol%, and the particularly preferred upper limit is 1.5 mol%.
- the degree of acetylation of the polyvinyl acetal resin contained in the first layer 2 is the above-mentioned content contained in the second and third layers 3 and 4. More than the degree of acetylation of the polyvinyl acetal resin.
- the degree of acetylation is obtained by subtracting the amount of ethylene groups to which acetal groups are bonded and the amount of ethylene groups to which hydroxyl groups are bonded from the total amount of ethylene groups of the main chain, This is a value expressed as a percentage (mol%) of the mole fraction obtained by dividing by.
- the amount of ethylene group to which the acetal group is bonded can be measured, for example, according to JIS K6728 “Testing method for polyvinyl butyral”.
- a preferred lower limit of the degree of acetalization of the polyvinyl acetal resin contained in the first layer 2 is 45 mol%, a more preferred lower limit is 52.5 mol%, a still more preferred lower limit is 58 mol%, and a particularly preferred lower limit is 60 mol%.
- the preferred upper limit is 85 mol%, the more preferred upper limit is 80 mol%, the still more preferred upper limit is 77 mol%, and the particularly preferred upper limit is 75 mol%.
- the preferable lower limit of the degree of acetalization of the polyvinyl acetal resin contained in the second and third layers 3 and 4 is 61 mol%, the more preferable lower limit is 65 mol%, the still more preferable lower limit is 67 mol%, and the preferable upper limit is 72.
- the mol%, more preferred upper limit is 71 mol%, and still more preferred upper limit is 70 mol%.
- the degree of acetalization is a value obtained by dividing a mole fraction obtained by dividing the amount of ethylene groups to which acetal groups are bonded by the total amount of ethylene groups in the main chain, as a percentage (mol%).
- the degree of acetalization was determined by measuring the amount of acetyl groups and the amount of vinyl alcohol (hydroxyl content) by a method based on JIS K6728 “Testing methods for polyvinyl butyral”, and calculating the mole fraction from the obtained measurement results. Then, it can be calculated by subtracting the amount of acetyl groups and the amount of vinyl alcohol from 100 mol%.
- the occurrence of foaming and the growth of foaming in laminated glass are sufficiently suppressed by controlling the hydroxyl group content in the first to third layers as described above. it can. Since the migration of the plasticizer can be suppressed, the occurrence of foaming and the growth of foaming in the laminated glass can be sufficiently suppressed, and the sound insulating properties of the laminated glass can be enhanced.
- the content difference (1-2) is more than 8.5 mol% and not more than 9.2 mol%. In some cases, or when the content difference (1-2) is 9.2 mol% or less, the degree of acetalization of the polyvinyl acetal resin in the first layer is 68 mol% or more, Or it is preferable that the content rate of a hydroxyl group is less than 31.5 mol%. Since the migration of the plasticizer can be easily controlled and the sound insulating properties of the laminated glass can be further enhanced, the content difference (1-3) is more than 8.5 mol% and not more than 9.2 mol%.
- the degree of acetalization of the polyvinyl acetal resin in the first layer is 68 mol% or more, Or it is preferable that the content rate of a hydroxyl group is less than 31.5 mol%.
- the degree of acetylation of the polyvinyl acetal resin contained in the first layer is 8 mol% or less (Hereinafter, also referred to as “polyvinyl acetal resin A”), the content difference (1-2) and the content difference (1-3) are preferably 9.2 mol% or less.
- the degree of acetylation of the polyvinyl acetal resin contained in the first layer exceeds 8 mol% (hereinafter also referred to as “polyvinyl acetal resin B”), the difference in content (1-2) and the content
- the rate difference (1-3) is 9.2 mol% or less, and preferably 8.5 mol% or less.
- the upper limit of the degree of acetylation a of the polyvinyl acetal resin A is 8 mol%, the preferable upper limit is 7 mol%, the more preferable upper limit is 6 mol%, the still more preferable upper limit is 5 mol%, and the preferable lower limit is 0.1 mol%.
- a preferred lower limit is 0.5 mol%, a more preferred lower limit is 0.8 mol%, and a particularly preferred lower limit is 1 mol%.
- a preferable lower limit of the degree of acetalization a of the polyvinyl acetal resin A is 68 mol%, a more preferable lower limit is 70 mol%, a further preferable lower limit is 71 mol%, a particularly preferable lower limit is 72 mol%, and a preferable upper limit is 85 mol%.
- a preferred upper limit is 83 mol%, a more preferred upper limit is 81 mol%, and a particularly preferred upper limit is 79 mol%.
- the hydroxyl group content a of the polyvinyl acetal resin A is preferably less than 31.5 mol%, more preferably 31 mol% or less, still more preferably 29 mol% or less, still more preferably 28 mol% or less, preferably 20 mol. % Or more, more preferably 21 mol% or more, still more preferably 22 mol% or more, and particularly preferably 24 mol% or more.
- the hydroxyl group content a is not more than the above upper limit, the sound insulation of the laminated glass can be further enhanced.
- the hydroxyl group content a is equal to or higher than the lower limit, the adhesive strength of the intermediate film can be further increased.
- the polyvinyl acetal resin A is preferably a polyvinyl butyral resin.
- the degree of acetylation b of the polyvinyl acetal resin B exceeds 8 mol%, the preferable lower limit is 10 mol%, the more preferable lower limit is 11 mol%, the still more preferable lower limit is 12 mol%, and the particularly preferable lower limit is 15 mol%, preferably.
- the upper limit is 30 mol%, the more preferable upper limit is 28 mol%, the still more preferable upper limit is 26 mol%, and the particularly preferable upper limit is 19.5 mol%.
- the reaction time required for producing the polyvinyl acetal resin B can be shortened.
- the acetylation degree b of the said polyvinyl acetal resin B is less than 20 mol%.
- production of foaming and the growth of foaming can further be suppressed in a laminated glass, it is preferable that the acetylation degree b of the polyvinyl acetal resin B is 25 mol% or less.
- the preferable lower limit of the degree of acetalization b of the polyvinyl acetal resin B is 45 mol%, the more preferable lower limit is 52.5 mol%, the still more preferable lower limit is 55 mol%, the particularly preferable lower limit is 60 mol%, and the preferable upper limit is 80 mol%.
- a more preferred upper limit is 77 mol%, a still more preferred upper limit is 74 mol%, and a particularly preferred upper limit is 71 mol%.
- the acetalization degree b is equal to or higher than the lower limit, the sound insulation of the laminated glass can be further enhanced.
- the acetalization degree b is not more than the above upper limit, the reaction time required for producing the polyvinyl acetal resin B can be shortened.
- the preferable upper limit of the hydroxyl group content b of the polyvinyl acetal resin B is 31.5 mol%, the more preferable upper limit is 30 mol%, the still more preferable upper limit is 29 mol%, the particularly preferable upper limit is 27.5 mol%, and the preferable lower limit is 22 mol%, a more preferred lower limit is 23 mol%, a still more preferred lower limit is 24 mol%, and a particularly preferred lower limit is 25 mol%.
- the hydroxyl group content b is not more than the above upper limit, the sound insulation of the laminated glass can be further enhanced.
- the hydroxyl group content b is not less than the above lower limit, the adhesive strength of the intermediate film can be further increased.
- the first layer The acetylation degree of the said polyvinyl acetal resin in it is 8 mol% or less.
- the acetyl of the polyvinyl acetal resin in the first layer It is preferable that the degree of conversion exceeds 8 mol%.
- the degree of acetylation is preferably 8 mol% or less, and the hydroxyl group content is preferably less than 31.5 mol%, and secondly, The degree of acetylation is preferably 8 mol% or less and the degree of acetalization is preferably 68 mol% or more.
- the hydroxyl group content is less than 31.5 mol% and the degree of acetalization is 68 mol% or more. Is preferred.
- the polyvinyl acetal resin in the first layer is The degree of acetylation is preferably more than 8 mol% and less than 20 mol%, and secondly, the degree of acetylation is more than 8 mol% and the degree of acetalization is preferably 52.5 mol% or more. Thirdly, it is preferable that the degree of acetylation exceeds 8 mol%, and the hydroxyl group content is 28 mol% or less.
- the hydroxyl group content of the polyvinyl acetal resin in the first layer is 31.5 mol. %
- the degree of acetalization is preferably 68 mol% or more. It is preferable that the hydroxyl group content of the polyvinyl acetal resin in the second layer and the third layer is 33 mol% or less.
- the polyvinyl acetal resin B is preferably a polyvinyl butyral resin.
- the polyvinyl acetal resin A and the polyvinyl acetal resin B can be obtained by acetalizing polyvinyl alcohol with an aldehyde.
- the aldehyde is preferably an aldehyde having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, and more preferably an aldehyde having 4 or 5 carbon atoms.
- the said polyvinyl acetal resin A and the said polyvinyl acetal resin B are polyvinyl acetal resins obtained by acetalizing the polyvinyl alcohol whose polymerization degree exceeds 1700 and is 3000 or less with an aldehyde.
- the preferable lower limit of the polymerization degree of the polyvinyl alcohol is 1800, more preferable lower limit is 2000, still more preferable lower limit is 2400, particularly preferable lower limit is 2500, preferable upper limit is 3000, more preferable upper limit is 2900, still more preferable upper limit is 2800, particularly preferable upper limit Is 2700.
- fills the said preferable minimum the penetration resistance of a laminated glass can be improved further, and generation
- the plasticizer contained in each of the first to third layers 2 to 4 is not particularly limited.
- a conventionally known plasticizer can be used as the plasticizer.
- As for the said plasticizer only 1 type may be used and 2 or more types may be used together.
- plasticizer examples include organic ester plasticizers such as monobasic organic acid esters and polybasic organic acid esters, and phosphate plasticizers such as organic phosphate plasticizers and organic phosphorous acid plasticizers. It is done. Of these, organic ester plasticizers are preferred.
- the plasticizer is preferably a liquid plasticizer.
- the monobasic organic acid ester is not particularly limited.
- examples include esters.
- Examples of the glycol include triethylene glycol, tetraethylene glycol, and tripropylene glycol.
- Examples of the monobasic organic acid include butyric acid, isobutyric acid, caproic acid, 2-ethylbutyric acid, heptylic acid, n-octylic acid, 2-ethylhexylic acid, n-nonylic acid, and decylic acid.
- the polybasic organic acid ester is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include an ester compound of a polybasic organic acid and an alcohol having a linear or branched structure having 4 to 8 carbon atoms.
- Examples of the polybasic organic acid include adipic acid, sebacic acid, and azelaic acid.
- the organic ester plasticizer is not particularly limited, and triethylene glycol di-2-ethylbutyrate, triethylene glycol di-2-ethylhexanoate, triethylene glycol dicaprylate, triethylene glycol di-n- Octanoate, triethylene glycol di-n-heptanoate, tetraethylene glycol di-n-heptanoate, dibutyl sebacate, dioctyl azelate, dibutyl carbitol adipate, ethylene glycol di-2-ethylbutyrate, 1,3-propylene glycol di -2-Ethyl butyrate, 1,4-butylene glycol di-2-ethyl butyrate, diethylene glycol di-2-ethyl butyrate, diethylene glycol di-2-ethyl hexanoate, dipropylene glycol Rudi-2-ethylbutyrate, triethylene glycol di-2-ethylpentanoate, te
- the organic phosphate plasticizer is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include tributoxyethyl phosphate, isodecylphenyl phosphate, triisopropyl phosphate, and the like.
- the plasticizer is preferably a diester plasticizer represented by the following formula (1).
- this diester plasticizer By using this diester plasticizer, the sound insulation of the laminated glass can be further enhanced.
- R1 and R2 each represents an organic group having 5 to 10 carbon atoms
- R3 represents an ethylene group, an isopropylene group or an n-propylene group
- p represents an integer of 3 to 10
- R1 and R2 in the above formula (1) are each preferably an organic group having 6 to 10 carbon atoms.
- the plasticizer preferably contains a diester compound, and includes triethylene glycol di-2-ethylbutyrate (3GH), triethylene glycol di-2-ethylhexanoate (3GO), and triethylene glycol di-n-heptanoate. More preferably, it contains at least one selected from the group consisting of (3G7), and more preferably contains triethylene glycol di-2-ethylhexanoate.
- 3GH7 triethylene glycol di-2-ethylhexanoate
- the interlayer film for laminated glass according to the present invention particularly preferably contains triethylene glycol di-2-ethylhexanoate as the plasticizer contained in the first to third layers.
- the content of the plasticizer in each layer of the intermediate film 1 is not particularly limited.
- the content of the plasticizer with respect to 100 parts by weight of the polyvinyl acetal resin in the first layer 2 is 50 parts by weight or more. Even if the plasticizer content in the first layer 2 is large, the hydroxyl group content in the first to third layers 2 to 4 is controlled as described above. Growth can be suppressed.
- the lower limit of the plasticizer content relative to 100 parts by weight of the polyvinyl acetal resin in the first layer 2 is 50 parts by weight, the preferred lower limit is 55 parts by weight, the more preferred lower limit is 60 parts by weight, and the preferred upper limit is 80 parts by weight.
- the upper limit is 75 parts by weight, and a more preferable upper limit is 70 parts by weight.
- the content of the plasticizer with respect to 100 parts by weight of the polyvinyl acetal resin in the first layer 2 is 50 parts by weight or more.
- the content of the plasticizer with respect to 100 parts by weight of the polyvinyl acetal resin in the first layer 2 is preferably 50 parts by weight or more before the transition of the plasticizer (initial), and 50 parts by weight or more after the transition. May be.
- the content of the plasticizer in the first layer 2 generally increases. Tend.
- the hydroxyl group content of the polyvinyl acetal resin in the first layer 2 is low, in order to obtain the first layer 2, 50 parts by weight of a plasticizer is blended with 100 parts by weight of the polyvinyl acetal resin. Generally, the content of the plasticizer in the first layer 2 tends to increase.
- the preferred lower limit of the content of each plasticizer relative to 100 parts by weight of the polyvinyl acetal resin in the second and third layers 3 and 4 is 25 parts by weight, the more preferred lower limit is 30 parts by weight, and the still more preferred lower limit is 35 parts by weight.
- the upper limit is 50 parts by weight, the more preferred upper limit is 45 parts by weight, and the still more preferred upper limit is 40 parts by weight.
- the content of the plasticizer with respect to 100 parts by weight of the polyvinyl acetal resin of the first layer 2 is 100 weight of the polyvinyl acetal resin in the second and third layers 3 and 4. It is preferable that the content of the plasticizer is larger than that of the part. From the viewpoint of further improving the sound insulation of the laminated glass, the content of the plasticizer relative to 100 parts by weight of the polyvinyl acetal resin of the first layer 2 is 100 parts by weight of the polyvinyl acetal resin of the second and third layers 3 and 4.
- the first to third layers 2 to 4 of the intermediate film 1 are each made of an ultraviolet absorber, an antioxidant, a light stabilizer, a flame retardant, an antistatic agent, a pigment, a dye, an adhesive force adjusting agent, if necessary. You may contain additives, such as a moisture-proof agent, a fluorescent whitening agent, and an infrared absorber.
- laminated glass Each of the interlayer films for laminated glass according to the present invention is used to obtain a laminated glass.
- FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing an example of a laminated glass using the intermediate film 1 shown in FIG.
- first laminated glass constituent member 12 includes a first laminated glass constituent member 12, a second laminated glass constituent member 13, and an intermediate film 1.
- the intermediate film 1 is sandwiched between the first and second laminated glass constituent members 12 and 13.
- the first laminated glass component 12 is laminated on the outer surface 3 a of the second layer 3.
- the second laminated glass component 13 is laminated on the outer surface 4 a of the third layer 4. Therefore, the laminated glass 11 is composed of the first laminated glass constituting member 12, the second layer 3, the first layer 2, the third layer 4, and the second laminated glass constituting member 13 in this order. It is laminated and configured.
- first and second laminated glass constituent members 12 and 13 include glass plates and PET (polyethylene terephthalate) films.
- Laminated glass includes not only laminated glass in which an intermediate film is sandwiched between two glass plates, but also laminated glass in which an intermediate film is sandwiched between a glass plate and a PET film or the like.
- Laminated glass is a laminated body provided with a glass plate, and preferably at least one glass plate is used.
- the glass plate examples include inorganic glass and organic glass.
- the inorganic glass examples include float plate glass, heat ray absorbing plate glass, heat ray reflecting plate glass, polished plate glass, mold plate glass, netted plate glass, and lined plate glass.
- the organic glass is a synthetic resin glass substituted for inorganic glass.
- the organic glass examples include polycarbonate plates and poly (meth) acrylic resin plates.
- the poly (meth) acrylic resin plate examples include a polymethyl (meth) acrylate plate.
- the preferable lower limit of the thickness of the interlayer film 1 is 0.05 mm, the more preferable lower limit is 0.25 mm, the preferable upper limit is 3 mm, and the more preferable upper limit is 1.5 mm.
- the thickness of the intermediate film 1 satisfies the preferable lower limit and the preferable upper limit, the penetration resistance and transparency of the laminated glass can be further enhanced.
- the thickness of the first and second laminated glass constituting members 12 and 13 is preferably 0.5 mm or more, more preferably 1 mm or more, preferably 5 mm or less, more preferably 3 mm or less. Further, when the laminated glass constituting members 12 and 13 are glass plates, the thickness of the glass plates is preferably in the range of 1 to 3 mm. When the laminated glass constituting members 12 and 13 are PET films, the thickness of the PET film is preferably in the range of 0.03 to 0.5 mm.
- the manufacturing method of the laminated glass 11 is not particularly limited.
- the intermediate film 1 is sandwiched between the first and second laminated glass constituent members 12 and 13 and passed through a pressing roll, or put in a rubber bag and sucked under reduced pressure, so that the first and second The air remaining between the laminated glass constituent members 12 and 13 and the intermediate film 1 is deaerated. Thereafter, it is pre-adhered at about 70 to 110 ° C. to obtain a laminate.
- the laminate is put in an autoclave or pressed and pressed at about 120 to 150 ° C. and a pressure of 1 to 1.5 MPa. In this way, the laminated glass 11 can be obtained.
- Laminated glass 11 can be used for automobiles, railway vehicles, aircraft, ships, buildings, and the like. Laminated glass can be used in addition to these.
- the laminated glass 11 can be used for a windshield, a side glass, a rear glass, a roof glass, or the like of an automobile.
- Example 1 Production of multilayer interlayer film Polyvinyl butyral resin A (hydroxyl content 25.2 mol%, acetylation degree 12.3 mol%, butyralization degree 62.5 mol%) in 100 parts by weight as a plasticizer 60 parts by weight of triethylene glycol di-2-ethylhexanoate (3GO) was added and sufficiently kneaded with a mixing roll to obtain an intermediate layer resin composition. Further, 100 parts by weight of polyvinyl butyral resin B (hydroxyl content 31.2 mol%, acetylation degree 0.8 mol%, butyralization degree 68.0 mol%) was added to triethylene glycol di-2 as a plasticizer. -37.5 parts by weight of ethylhexanoate (3GO) was added and sufficiently kneaded with a mixing roll to obtain a resin composition for the surface layer.
- Polyvinyl butyral resin A hydroxyl content 25.2 mol%, acetylation degree 12.3 mol%, butyralization degree 62.5
- the surface layer (thickness 350 ⁇ m), the intermediate layer (thickness 100 ⁇ m), and the surface layer (thickness 350 ⁇ m) are sequentially laminated by co-extrusion using the obtained intermediate layer resin composition and surface layer resin composition.
- a multilayer interlayer film was prepared.
- Multilayer interlayer film is cut into a size of 30 cm in length x 2.5 cm in width, and transparent float glass (length 30 cm x width 2.5 cm x thickness 2.5 mm) is obtained.
- a laminated glass used for sound insulation measurement was obtained in the same manner as the laminated glass used for the penetration resistance test except that it was used.
- a multilayer intermediate film having a through hole was sandwiched between two transparent float glasses (length 30 cm ⁇ width 15 cm ⁇ thickness 2.5 mm) to obtain a laminate.
- the outer peripheral edge of the laminate was sealed with a sealing agent having a width of 2 cm from the end portion by heat sealing, thereby enclosing the air remaining in the emboss and the air remaining in the through hole.
- the laminated body was pressure-bonded at 135 ° C. and a pressure of 1.2 MPa for 20 minutes, so that the remaining air was dissolved in the multilayer interlayer film to obtain a laminated glass used for foaming tests A and B.
- Example 2 to 20 and Comparative Examples 1 and 2 An interlayer film and a laminated glass were produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the compositions of the first to third layers were changed as shown in Tables 1 and 2 below.
- the content of hydroxyl groups, the degree of acetylation, the degree of butyralization, and the polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) used in the synthesis of the PVB resin of the first layer shown in Tables 1 and 2 below are shown.
- the degree of polymerization is a value shown in Tables 1 and 2 below.
- the polymerization degree of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) used for the synthesis of the PVB resin of the first layer is shown only in Examples 5 to 20.
- Foam test A Foaming state
- Five laminated glasses used for the foam test A were prepared for each multilayer intermediate film, and left in an oven at 50 ° C. for 100 hours.
- the presence or absence of foaming and the size of foaming were visually observed in plan view, and the state of foaming was judged according to the following criteria.
- ⁇ No foaming was observed in all the 5 laminated glasses.
- ⁇ The ratio of the average value of the elliptical area (foamed area) was less than 5%.
- ⁇ The ratio of the average value of the elliptical area (foamed area) It was 5% or more and less than 10%
- x The ratio of the average value (foaming area) of the elliptical area was 10% or more
- Foam test B (foaming state) Thirty laminated glasses used for the foam test B were prepared for each multilayer intermediate film and left in an oven at 50 ° C. for 24 hours. In the laminated glass after being left, the number of laminated glasses in which foaming was visually observed was confirmed.
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Abstract
Description
中間膜1の第1~第3の層2~4がそれぞれ、ポリビニルアセタール樹脂と可塑剤とを含有することにより、第1~第3の層2~4の接着力を高くすることができる。このため、合わせガラス構成部材に対する中間膜1の接着力をより一層高くすることができる。
第1~第3の層2~4にそれぞれ含まれている上記可塑剤は特に限定されない。上記可塑剤として、従来公知の可塑剤を用いることができる。上記可塑剤は、1種のみが用いられてもよく、2種以上が併用されてもよい。
中間膜1の第1~第3の層2~4はそれぞれ、必要に応じて、紫外線吸収剤、酸化防止剤、光安定剤、難燃剤、帯電防止剤、顔料、染料、接着力調整剤、耐湿剤、蛍光増白剤及び赤外線吸収剤等の添加剤を含有していてもよい。
本発明に係る合わせガラス用中間膜はそれぞれ、合わせガラスを得るために用いられる。
(1)多層中間膜の作製
ポリビニルブチラール樹脂A(水酸基の含有率25.2モル%、アセチル化度12.3モル%、ブチラール化度62.5モル%)100重量部に、可塑剤としてのトリエチレングリコールジ-2-エチルヘキサノエート(3GO)60重量部を添加し、ミキシングロールで充分に混練し、中間層用樹脂組成物を得た。さらに、ポリビニルブチラール樹脂B(水酸基の含有率31.2モル%、アセチル化度0.8モル%、ブチラール化度68.0モル%)100重量部に、可塑剤としてのトリエチレングリコールジ-2-エチルヘキサノエート(3GO)37.5重量部を添加し、ミキシングロールで充分に混練し、表面層用樹脂組成物を得た。
得られた多層中間膜を縦30cm×横30cmの大きさに切断した。次に、透明なフロートガラス(縦30cm×横30cm×厚さ2.5mm)2枚の間に、多層中間膜を挟み込み、積層体を得た。この積層体をゴムバック内に入れ、2.6kPaの真空度で20分間脱気した後、脱気したままオーブン内に移し、更に90℃で30分間保持して真空プレスし、積層体を予備圧着した。オートクレーブ中で135℃及び圧力1.2MPaの条件で、予備圧着された積層体を20分間圧着し、耐貫通性試験及び光学歪みの評価に用いる合わせガラスを得た。
多層中間膜を縦30cm×横2.5cmの大きさに切断し、透明なフロートガラス(縦30cm×横2.5cm×厚さ2.5mm)を用いたこと以外は耐貫通性試験に用いる合わせガラスと同様の方法で、遮音性測定に用いる合わせガラスを得た。
得られた多層中間膜を縦30cm×横15cmの大きさに切断し、温度23℃の環境下にて、10時間保管した。なお、得られた多層中間膜の両面にはエンボスが形成されており、そのエンボスの十点平均粗さは30μmであった。切断された多層中間膜において、多層中間膜の端部から縦方向にそれぞれ内側に向かって8cmの位置と、多層中間膜の端部から横方向にそれぞれ内側に向かって5cmの位置との交点4箇所に、直径6mmの貫通孔を作製した。
第1~第3の層の組成を下記の表1~2に示すように変更したこと以外は実施例1と同様にして、中間膜及び合わせガラスを作製した。
(1)遮音性
合わせガラスをダンピング試験用の振動発生機(振研社製「加振機G21-005D」)により加振し、そこから得られた振動特性を機械インピーダンス測定装置(リオン社製「XG-81」)にて増幅し、振動スペクトルをFFTスペクトラムアナライザー(横河ヒューレッドパッカード社製「FFTアナライザー HP3582A」)により解析した。
発泡試験Aに用いる合わせガラスを、各多層中間膜について5枚作製し、50℃のオーブン内に100時間放置した。放置後の合わせガラスにおいて、発泡の有無及び発泡の大きさを平面視にて目視で観察し、発泡の状態を下記の判定基準で判定した。
5枚の合わせガラスに発生した発泡を、楕円で近似し、その楕円面積を発泡面積とした。5枚の合わせガラスにて観察された楕円面積の平均値を求め、合わせガラスの面積(30cm×15cm)に対する楕円面積の平均値(発泡面積)の割合(百分率)を求めた。
○:楕円面積の平均値(発泡面積)の割合が5%未満であった
△:楕円面積の平均値(発泡面積)の割合が5%以上、10%未満であった
×:楕円面積の平均値(発泡面積)の割合が10%以上であった
発泡試験Bに用いる合わせガラスを、各多層中間膜について30枚作製し、50℃のオーブン内に24時間放置した。放置後の合わせガラスにおいて、目視で発泡が観察された合わせガラスの枚数を確認した。
耐貫通性試験に用いる合わせガラス(縦300mm×横300mm)を、表面温度が23℃となるように調整した。次いで、JIS R3212に準拠して、4mの高さから、6枚の合わせガラスに対してそれぞれ、質量2260g及び直径82mmの剛球を、合わせガラスの中心部分に落下させた。6枚の合わせガラス全てについて、剛球が衝突した後5秒以内に剛球が貫通しなかった場合を合格とした。剛球が衝突した後5秒以内に剛球が貫通しなかった合わせガラスが3枚以下であった場合は不合格とした。4枚の場合には、新しく6枚の合わせガラスの耐貫通性を評価した。5枚の場合には、新しく1枚の合わせガラスを追加試験し、剛球が衝突した後5秒以内に剛球が貫通しなかった場合を合格とした。同様の方法で、5m及び6mの高さから、6枚の合わせガラスに対してそれぞれ、質量2260g及び直径82mmの剛球を、合わせガラスの中心部分に落下させ、合わせガラスの耐貫通性を評価した。
得られた中間膜の表面に、赤色の油性マジックで縦方向及び横方向にそれぞれ長さ10cmの二本の線を書き、マーキングした。マーキングされた中間膜を主面が鉛直方向と平行な平面内に位置するように置いた。これを23℃及び相対湿度28%の恒温恒湿条件で1ヶ月放置した。放置後の中間膜において、油性マジックのにじみ及び垂れが、四本のいずれの線にも観測されない場合を合格「○」とし、四本の線の内の少なくとも一本の線で観測された場合を不合格「×」とした。
光学歪みの評価に用いる合わせガラス(縦30cm×横30cm)に、光源(ハロゲンランプ)からスリットを透過させた光を当て、スクリーンに写った投影歪みをセンサー(カメラ)にて受信し、コンピュータにてデータ処理を行い、光学歪み値とした。光学歪み値が1.8以下である場合を合格「○」、1.8を超える場合を不合格「×」とした。光学歪み値が高いほど光学歪み(像のゆがみ)が大きいといえる。
2…第1の層
2a…一方の面
2b…他方の面
3…第2の層
3a…外側の表面
4…第3の層
4a…外側の表面
11…合わせガラス
12…第1の合わせガラス構成部材
13…第2の合わせガラス構成部材
Claims (20)
- ポリビニルアセタール樹脂と可塑剤とを含有する第1の層と、
前記第1の層の一方の面に積層されており、かつポリビニルアセタール樹脂と可塑剤とを含有する第2の層とを備え、
前記第1の層中の前記ポリビニルアセタール樹脂100重量部に対する前記可塑剤の含有量が50重量部以上であり、
前記第1の層中の前記ポリビニルアセタール樹脂の水酸基の含有率が、前記第2の層中の前記ポリビニルアセタール樹脂の水酸基の含有率よりも低く、
前記第1の層中の前記ポリビニルアセタール樹脂の水酸基の含有率と前記第2の層中の前記ポリビニルアセタール樹脂の水酸基の含有率との差が、9.2モル%以下であり、
前記第1の層中の前記ポリビニルアセタール樹脂の水酸基の含有率と前記第2の層中の前記ポリビニルアセタール樹脂の水酸基の含有率との差が、8.5モル%を超え、9.2モル%以下である場合には、前記第1の層中の前記ポリビニルアセタール樹脂のアセチル化度が8モル%以下である、合わせガラス用中間膜。 - 前記第1の層中の前記ポリビニルアセタール樹脂の水酸基の含有率と前記第2の層中の前記ポリビニルアセタール樹脂の水酸基の含有率との差が、9.2モル%以下であり、
前記第1の層中の前記ポリビニルアセタール樹脂の水酸基の含有率と前記第2の層中の前記ポリビニルアセタール樹脂の水酸基の含有率との差が、8.5モル%以下である場合には、前記第1の層中の前記ポリビニルアセタール樹脂のアセチル化度が8モル%を超える、請求項1に記載の合わせガラス用中間膜。 - 前記第1の層中の前記ポリビニルアセタール樹脂のアセチル化度が8モル%以下、水酸基の含有率が31.5モル%未満である、請求項1に記載の合せガラス用中間膜。
- 前記第1の層中の前記ポリビニルアセタール樹脂のアセチル化度が8モル%以下、アセタール化度が68モル%以上である、請求項1に記載の合わせガラス用中間膜。
- 前記第1の層中の前記ポリビニルアセタール樹脂の水酸基の含有率が31.5モル%未満、アセタール化度が68モル%以上である、請求項1,3又は4に記載の合わせガラス用中間膜。
- 前記第1の層中の前記ポリビニルアセタール樹脂の水酸基の含有率と前記第2の層中の前記ポリビニルアセタール樹脂の水酸基の含有率との差が、8.5モル%以下である場合には、
前記第1の層中の前記ポリビニルアセタール樹脂のアセチル化度が8モル%を超え、20モル%未満である、請求項2に記載の合せガラス用中間膜。 - 前記第1の層中の前記ポリビニルアセタール樹脂の水酸基の含有率と前記第2の層中の前記ポリビニルアセタール樹脂の水酸基の含有率との差が、8.5モル%以下である場合には、
前記第1の層中の前記ポリビニルアセタール樹脂のアセチル化度が8モル%を超え、アセタール化度が52.5モル%以上である、請求項2又は6に記載の合せガラス用中間膜。 - 前記第1の層中の前記ポリビニルアセタール樹脂の水酸基の含有率と前記第2の層中の前記ポリビニルアセタール樹脂の水酸基の含有率との差が、8.5モル%以下である場合には、
前記第1の層中の前記ポリビニルアセタール樹脂のアセチル化度が8モル%を超え、水酸基の含有率が28モル%以下である、請求項2又は6に記載の合せガラス用中間膜。 - 前記第1の層中の前記ポリビニルアセタール樹脂は、重合度が1700を超え、3000以下であるポリビニルアルコールをアセタール化することにより得られるポリビニルアセタール樹脂である、請求項2又は6に記載の合わせガラス用中間膜。
- 前記第2の層中の前記ポリビニルアセタール樹脂の水酸基の含有率が33モル%以下である、請求項2又は6に記載の合わせガラス用中間膜。
- 前記第1の層中の前記ポリビニルアセタール樹脂100重量部に対する前記可塑剤の含有量が、前記第2の層中の前記ポリビニルアセタール樹脂100重量部に対する前記可塑剤の含有量より多い、請求項1,2,3,4又は6に記載の合わせガラス用中間膜。
- 前記第1の層中の前記ポリビニルアセタール樹脂100重量部に対する前記可塑剤の含有量が、前記第2の層中の前記ポリビニルアセタール樹脂100重量部に対する前記可塑剤の含有量よりも20重量部以上多い、請求項11に記載の合わせガラス用中間膜。
- 前記第1の層中の前記ポリビニルアセタール樹脂の水酸基の含有率と前記第2の層中の前記ポリビニルアセタール樹脂の水酸基の含有率との差が、8.5モル%以下である、請求項2又は6に記載の合わせガラス用中間膜。
- 前記第1の層の他方の面に積層されており、かつポリビニルアセタール樹脂と可塑剤とを含有する第3の層をさらに備え、
前記第1の層中の前記ポリビニルアセタール樹脂の水酸基の含有率が、前記第3の層中の前記ポリビニルアセタール樹脂の水酸基の含有率よりも低く、
前記第1の層中の前記ポリビニルアセタール樹脂の水酸基の含有率と前記第3の層中の前記ポリビニルアセタール樹脂の水酸基の含有率との差が、9.2モル%以下であり、
前記第1の層中の前記ポリビニルアセタール樹脂の水酸基の含有率と前記第3の層中の前記ポリビニルアセタール樹脂の水酸基の含有率との差が、8.5モル%を超え、9.2モル%以下である場合には、前記第1の層中の前記ポリビニルアセタール樹脂のアセチル化度が8モル%以下である、請求項1,2,3,4又は6に記載の合わせガラス用中間膜。 - 前記第1の層中の前記ポリビニルアセタール樹脂の水酸基の含有率と前記第3の層中の前記ポリビニルアセタール樹脂の水酸基の含有率との差が、9.2モル%以下であり、
前記第1の層中の前記ポリビニルアセタール樹脂の水酸基の含有率と前記第3の層中の前記ポリビニルアセタール樹脂の水酸基の含有率との差が、8.5モル%以下である場合には、前記第1の層中の前記ポリビニルアセタール樹脂のアセチル化度が8モル%を超える、請求項14に記載の合わせガラス用中間膜。 - 前記第1の層中の前記ポリビニルアセタール樹脂の水酸基の含有率が31.5モル%未満、アセタール化度が68モル%以上である、請求項14に記載の合わせガラス用中間膜。
- 前記第3の層中のポリビニルアセタール樹脂の水酸基の含有率が33モル%以下である、請求項15に記載の合わせガラス用中間膜。
- 前記第1の層中の前記ポリビニルアセタール樹脂100重量部に対する前記可塑剤の含有量が、前記第2,第3の層中の前記ポリビニルアセタール樹脂100重量部に対する前記可塑剤の各含有量よりも多い、請求項14に記載の合わせガラス用中間膜。
- 前記第1~第3の層に含まれている前記ポリビニルアセタール樹脂としてそれぞれ、ポリビニルブチラール樹脂を含み、
前記第1~第3の層に含まれている前記可塑剤としてそれぞれ、トリエチレングリコールジ-2-エチルヘキサノエートを含む、請求項14に記載の合わせガラス用中間膜。 - 第1,第2の合わせガラス構成部材と、
前記第1,第2の合わせガラス構成部材の間に挟み込まれた中間膜とを備え、
前記中間膜が、請求項1,2,3,4又は6に記載の合わせガラス用中間膜である、合わせガラス。
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JP2011225449A (ja) | 2011-11-10 |
JP4789025B2 (ja) | 2011-10-05 |
JPWO2011078314A1 (ja) | 2013-05-09 |
US20120288722A1 (en) | 2012-11-15 |
JP6145183B2 (ja) | 2017-06-07 |
EP2980035A1 (en) | 2016-02-03 |
KR101783496B1 (ko) | 2017-09-29 |
JP5933939B2 (ja) | 2016-06-15 |
EP2518032B1 (en) | 2017-11-29 |
JP2016104694A (ja) | 2016-06-09 |
US8628856B2 (en) | 2014-01-14 |
JP2017214278A (ja) | 2017-12-07 |
EP2980035B1 (en) | 2021-02-10 |
KR20170113696A (ko) | 2017-10-12 |
CN104529193A (zh) | 2015-04-22 |
CN102666420B (zh) | 2014-12-31 |
EP2518032A4 (en) | 2014-04-30 |
CN102666420A (zh) | 2012-09-12 |
JP2015038020A (ja) | 2015-02-26 |
CN104529193B (zh) | 2017-12-19 |
JP2016117645A (ja) | 2016-06-30 |
JP5865451B2 (ja) | 2016-02-17 |
KR101880410B1 (ko) | 2018-07-19 |
JP6175483B2 (ja) | 2017-08-02 |
KR20120105010A (ko) | 2012-09-24 |
EP2518032A1 (en) | 2012-10-31 |
JP6416337B2 (ja) | 2018-10-31 |
KR20180083446A (ko) | 2018-07-20 |
KR102005689B1 (ko) | 2019-07-30 |
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