WO2011004786A1 - 高分子水処理膜 - Google Patents
高分子水処理膜 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2011004786A1 WO2011004786A1 PCT/JP2010/061380 JP2010061380W WO2011004786A1 WO 2011004786 A1 WO2011004786 A1 WO 2011004786A1 JP 2010061380 W JP2010061380 W JP 2010061380W WO 2011004786 A1 WO2011004786 A1 WO 2011004786A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- vinyl chloride
- water treatment
- hollow fiber
- membrane
- weight
- Prior art date
Links
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 111
- 229920005597 polymer membrane Polymers 0.000 title abstract 3
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 87
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 87
- BZHJMEDXRYGGRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Vinyl chloride Chemical class ClC=C BZHJMEDXRYGGRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 86
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims description 125
- 239000012510 hollow fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 76
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 36
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 36
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 abstract description 14
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 abstract description 9
- 238000005660 chlorination reaction Methods 0.000 description 37
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 32
- 238000005191 phase separation Methods 0.000 description 31
- 235000017168 chlorine Nutrition 0.000 description 21
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 18
- FXHOOIRPVKKKFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylacetamide Chemical compound CN(C)C(C)=O FXHOOIRPVKKKFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 15
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 13
- 229940057838 polyethylene glycol 4000 Drugs 0.000 description 11
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 11
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 10
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 description 10
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 9
- -1 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 9
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 8
- SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Methylpyrrolidone Chemical compound CN1CCCC1=O SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229920006316 polyvinylpyrrolidine Polymers 0.000 description 7
- 125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 7
- ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylformamide Chemical compound CN(C)C=O ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000002033 PVDF binder Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229920002981 polyvinylidene fluoride Polymers 0.000 description 5
- IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethylsulphoxide Chemical compound CS(C)=O IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000007900 aqueous suspension Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 4
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrofuran Natural products C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- ZWEHNKRNPOVVGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Butanone Chemical compound CCC(C)=O ZWEHNKRNPOVVGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acetate Chemical compound CCOC(C)=O XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229920002301 cellulose acetate Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 3
- MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCOCCO MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229920001519 homopolymer Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 230000001678 irradiating effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000004745 nonwoven fabric Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920002492 poly(sulfone) Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 229940068918 polyethylene glycol 400 Drugs 0.000 description 3
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000000108 ultra-filtration Methods 0.000 description 3
- QPFMBZIOSGYJDE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1,2,2-tetrachloroethane Chemical compound ClC(Cl)C(Cl)Cl QPFMBZIOSGYJDE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KBPLFHHGFOOTCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-Octanol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCO KBPLFHHGFOOTCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- DURPTKYDGMDSBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-butoxybutane Chemical compound CCCCOCCCC DURPTKYDGMDSBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UZKWTJUDCOPSNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-ethenoxybutane Chemical compound CCCCOC=C UZKWTJUDCOPSNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BBMCTIGTTCKYKF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-heptanol Chemical compound CCCCCCCO BBMCTIGTTCKYKF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- DLFVBJFMPXGRIB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetamide Chemical compound CC(N)=O DLFVBJFMPXGRIB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acrylate Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chloroform Chemical compound ClC(Cl)Cl HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZHNUHDYFZUAESO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Formamide Chemical compound NC=O ZHNUHDYFZUAESO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 description 2
- PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920006026 co-polymeric resin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000005345 coagulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000015271 coagulation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229920000578 graft copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000003673 groundwater Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012760 heat stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 2
- ZSIAUFGUXNUGDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCCCO ZSIAUFGUXNUGDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000008235 industrial water Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 description 2
- FPYJFEHAWHCUMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N maleic anhydride Chemical compound O=C1OC(=O)C=C1 FPYJFEHAWHCUMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920002239 polyacrylonitrile Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229940113115 polyethylene glycol 200 Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002145 thermally induced phase separation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 2
- BQCIDUSAKPWEOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1-Difluoroethene Chemical compound FC(F)=C BQCIDUSAKPWEOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RYHBNJHYFVUHQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-Dioxane Chemical compound C1COCCO1 RYHBNJHYFVUHQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BQTPKSBXMONSJI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-cyclohexylpyrrole-2,5-dione Chemical compound O=C1C=CC(=O)N1C1CCCCC1 BQTPKSBXMONSJI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UKDKWYQGLUUPBF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-ethenoxyhexadecane Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCOC=C UKDKWYQGLUUPBF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HIDBROSJWZYGSZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-phenylpyrrole-2,5-dione Chemical compound O=C1C=CC(=O)N1C1=CC=CC=C1 HIDBROSJWZYGSZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OEPOKWHJYJXUGD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(3-phenylmethoxyphenyl)-1,3-thiazole-4-carbaldehyde Chemical compound O=CC1=CSC(C=2C=C(OCC=3C=CC=CC=3)C=CC=2)=N1 OEPOKWHJYJXUGD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XNWFRZJHXBZDAG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-METHOXYETHANOL Chemical compound COCCO XNWFRZJHXBZDAG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DHKVCYCWBUNNQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[5-[2-(2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-2-ylamino)pyrimidin-5-yl]-1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-yl]-1-(1,4,5,7-tetrahydropyrazolo[3,4-c]pyridin-6-yl)ethanone Chemical compound C1C(CC2=CC=CC=C12)NC1=NC=C(C=N1)C1=NN=C(O1)CC(=O)N1CC2=C(CC1)C=NN2 DHKVCYCWBUNNQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MSXVEPNJUHWQHW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylbutan-2-ol Chemical compound CCC(C)(C)O MSXVEPNJUHWQHW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000178 Acrylic resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004925 Acrylic resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- NLHHRLWOUZZQLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acrylonitrile Chemical compound C=CC#N NLHHRLWOUZZQLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004709 Chlorinated polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 102000006395 Globulins Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108010044091 Globulins Proteins 0.000 description 1
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methacrylic acid Chemical compound CC(=C)C(O)=O CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NTIZESTWPVYFNL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl isobutyl ketone Chemical compound CC(C)CC(C)=O NTIZESTWPVYFNL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UIHCLUNTQKBZGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl isobutyl ketone Natural products CCC(C)C(C)=O UIHCLUNTQKBZGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920003171 Poly (ethylene oxide) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004721 Polyphenylene oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000021355 Stearic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- XTXRWKRVRITETP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Vinyl acetate Chemical compound CC(=O)OC=C XTXRWKRVRITETP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920002433 Vinyl chloride-vinyl acetate copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- QYKIQEUNHZKYBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Vinyl ether Chemical class C=COC=C QYKIQEUNHZKYBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N acrylic acid group Chemical group C(C=C)(=O)O NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000002877 alkyl aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000008055 alkyl aryl sulfonates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000008051 alkyl sulfates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- XYLMUPLGERFSHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N alpha-Methylstyrene Chemical compound CC(=C)C1=CC=CC=C1 XYLMUPLGERFSHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940072049 amyl acetate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- PGMYKACGEOXYJE-UHFFFAOYSA-N anhydrous amyl acetate Natural products CCCCCOC(C)=O PGMYKACGEOXYJE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000011001 backwashing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012662 bulk polymerization Methods 0.000 description 1
- CQEYYJKEWSMYFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N butyl acrylate Chemical compound CCCCOC(=O)C=C CQEYYJKEWSMYFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QHIWVLPBUQWDMQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N butyl prop-2-enoate;methyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate;prop-2-enoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C=C.COC(=O)C(C)=C.CCCCOC(=O)C=C QHIWVLPBUQWDMQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001805 chlorine compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000001309 chloro group Chemical class Cl* 0.000 description 1
- ZSBRYDJXHOFQMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N chloroethene;ethene;ethenyl acetate Chemical group C=C.ClC=C.CC(=O)OC=C ZSBRYDJXHOFQMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QJNYIFMVIUOUSU-UHFFFAOYSA-N chloroethene;ethenyl acetate;furan-2,5-dione Chemical compound ClC=C.CC(=O)OC=C.O=C1OC(=O)C=C1 QJNYIFMVIUOUSU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005352 clarification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005202 decontamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003588 decontaminative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003111 delayed effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000000118 dimethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010556 emulsion polymerization method Methods 0.000 description 1
- UIWXSTHGICQLQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethenyl propanoate Chemical compound CCC(=O)OC=C UIWXSTHGICQLQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 229920001038 ethylene copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005038 ethylene vinyl acetate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920006244 ethylene-ethyl acrylate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920005680 ethylene-methyl methacrylate copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005194 fractionation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010528 free radical solution polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009477 glass transition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000011187 glycerol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- MNWFXJYAOYHMED-UHFFFAOYSA-M heptanoate Chemical compound CCCCCCC([O-])=O MNWFXJYAOYHMED-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- IXCSERBJSXMMFS-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydrogen chloride Substances Cl.Cl IXCSERBJSXMMFS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000041 hydrogen chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920001477 hydrophilic polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N mercury Chemical compound [Hg] QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052753 mercury Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 238000001471 micro-filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCC(C)CCCCCCCCC(O)=O OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000123 paper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012188 paraffin wax Substances 0.000 description 1
- FDPIMTJIUBPUKL-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentan-3-one Chemical compound CCC(=O)CC FDPIMTJIUBPUKL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QIWKUEJZZCOPFV-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CC(=C)C(=O)OC1=CC=CC=C1 QIWKUEJZZCOPFV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002798 polar solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001200 poly(ethylene-vinyl acetate) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920006350 polyacrylonitrile resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000570 polyether Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001223 polyethylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001721 polyimide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000009719 polyimide resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002861 polymer material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000379 polymerizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920005672 polyolefin resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001451 polypropylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000036 polyvinylpyrrolidone Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000001267 polyvinylpyrrolidone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013855 polyvinylpyrrolidone Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000036619 pore blockages Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000344 soap Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009987 spinning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008117 stearic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- HXJUTPCZVOIRIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfolane Chemical compound O=S1(=O)CCCC1 HXJUTPCZVOIRIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010558 suspension polymerization method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000000383 tetramethylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([*:1])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[*:2] 0.000 description 1
- DQWPFSLDHJDLRL-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethyl phosphate Chemical compound CCOP(=O)(OCC)OCC DQWPFSLDHJDLRL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920001567 vinyl ester resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004711 α-olefin Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D71/00—Semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus characterised by the material; Manufacturing processes specially adapted therefor
- B01D71/06—Organic material
- B01D71/30—Polyalkenyl halides
- B01D71/301—Polyvinylchloride
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D71/00—Semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus characterised by the material; Manufacturing processes specially adapted therefor
- B01D71/06—Organic material
- B01D71/30—Polyalkenyl halides
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/44—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by dialysis, osmosis or reverse osmosis
- C02F1/444—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by dialysis, osmosis or reverse osmosis by ultrafiltration or microfiltration
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2323/00—Details relating to membrane preparation
- B01D2323/12—Specific ratios of components used
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2325/00—Details relating to properties of membranes
- B01D2325/34—Molecular weight or degree of polymerisation
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D61/00—Processes of separation using semi-permeable membranes, e.g. dialysis, osmosis or ultrafiltration; Apparatus, accessories or auxiliary operations specially adapted therefor
- B01D61/14—Ultrafiltration; Microfiltration
- B01D61/145—Ultrafiltration
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a polymer water treatment membrane, and more particularly to a polymer water treatment membrane suitably used in a water treatment apparatus.
- the separation membrane used in the water treatment apparatus is a polymer water treatment membrane for the purpose of water purification (for example, decontamination of river water, ground water, etc., clarification of industrial water, drainage and sewage treatment).
- polymers constituting the polymer water treatment membrane.
- various polymer materials such as polysulfone (PS), polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), polyethylene (PE), cellulose acetate (CA), and polyacrylonitrile (PAN) can be used as the separation membrane as the separation membrane. It is used in water treatment membranes.
- a hollow fiber-shaped porous membrane is used as a form of separation membrane used for a water treatment apparatus.
- the performance required for the polymer water treatment membrane in addition to the intended separation properties, it has excellent water permeability, is excellent in physical strength, stability to various chemical substances (ie chemical resistance) High heat resistance and excellent hot water resistance.
- Patent Document 2 a polymer water treatment membrane which is a hollow fiber membrane made of a polyvinylidene fluoride resin and is excellent in both physical strength and chemical resistance has been proposed (for example, Patent Document 2).
- polyvinylidene fluoride separation membranes tend to be prone to contamination of the separation membranes due to use.
- the polymer water treatment membrane usually has the ability to filter and remove smaller foreign substances, that is, the filtration capacity is increased to reach the so-called ultrafiltration membrane level, the pure water permeation amount decreases, conversely the pure water permeation amount Increasing the pH may result in a microfiltration membrane level where the filtration capacity is relatively reduced compared to the ultrafiltration membrane.
- the pure water permeation amount decreases, conversely the pure water permeation amount Increasing the pH may result in a microfiltration membrane level where the filtration capacity is relatively reduced compared to the ultrafiltration membrane.
- problems such as
- polymer water treatment membranes made of vinyl chloride resin, polyethylene, etc. are inferior in strength compared to other resins, and furthermore, the amount of water permeability is significantly reduced due to thermal deformation under high temperature conditions, etc. I have a problem.
- the present invention was made to solve the above-mentioned problems, and has high strength while achieving both sufficient filtration capacity and water permeability, and is used under a wide range of operating conditions, particularly high temperature conditions. It is an object of the present invention to provide a polymer water treatment membrane that can withstand the
- the polymeric water treatment membrane of the present invention is characterized in that it comprises a chlorinated vinyl chloride resin having a chlorine content of 58 to 73.2%.
- the degree of polymerization of the chlorinated vinyl chloride resin is preferably 250 to 3,000.
- the chlorinated vinyl chloride resin is preferably contained in an amount of 30 to 100% by weight based on the total resin components constituting the high molecular weight water treatment membrane. It is preferable that 30 to 100% by weight of the chlorinated vinyl chloride monomer unit constituting the main chain is contained with respect to all the monomer units constituting the main chain. It is preferably a porous membrane and / or a hollow fiber. It is preferable to consist of a film having a single layer structure.
- the polymer water treatment membrane of the present invention comprises a chlorinated vinyl chloride resin.
- a chlorinated vinyl chloride resin may be a polymer formed by chlorinating vinyl chloride monomer units, or may be a polymer obtained by polymerizing a vinyl chloride monomer and then chlorinating.
- the chlorine content in the chlorinated vinyl chloride resin is 58 to 73.2%, preferably 60 to 73.2%, and more preferably 67 to 71%. . If the chlorine content is too small, sufficient heat resistance and durability can not be obtained, and if it is too large, molding processing tends to be difficult, and steric repulsion between chlorines makes it difficult to produce a resin. Become.
- the polarity of the resin can be increased to enhance the solubility in the polar solvent that is the solvent of the membrane forming solution, while the solvent exchange in the coagulation water tank can be promoted. .
- instantaneous phase separation occurs, and a sponge-like dense layer is easily formed, whereby the strength of the film can be increased.
- a vinyl chloride resin As a vinyl chloride resin, a vinyl chloride homopolymer (vinyl chloride homopolymer), a copolymer of a monomer having an unsaturated bond copolymerizable with a vinyl chloride monomer, and a vinyl chloride monomer (preferably, a vinyl chloride monomer) And a graft copolymer obtained by graft copolymerizing a vinyl chloride monomer to the polymer.
- vinyl chloride homopolymer vinyl chloride homopolymer
- a copolymer of a monomer having an unsaturated bond copolymerizable with a vinyl chloride monomer and a vinyl chloride monomer (preferably, a vinyl chloride monomer)
- a graft copolymer obtained by graft copolymerizing a vinyl chloride monomer to the polymer These may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- Examples of the monomer having an unsaturated bond copolymerizable with the vinyl chloride monomer include, for example, ⁇ -olefins such as ethylene, propylene and butylene; vinyl esters such as vinyl acetate and vinyl propionate; Vinyl ethers such as butyl vinyl ether and cetyl vinyl ether; (Meth) acrylic esters such as methyl (meth) acrylate, ethyl (meth) acrylate, butyl acrylate, phenyl methacrylate and the like; Aromatic vinyls such as styrene and ⁇ -methylstyrene; Vinyl halides such as vinylidene chloride and vinylidene fluoride; N-substituted maleimides such as N-phenyl maleimide and N-cyclohexyl maleimide, (meth) acrylic acid, maleic anhydride, acrylonitrile and the like. These may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the polymer which graft-copolymerizes vinyl chloride is not particularly limited as long as it graft-polymerizes vinyl chloride, and, for example, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, ethylene-vinyl acetate-carbon monoxide copolymer, ethylene -Ethyl acrylate copolymer, ethylene-butyl acrylate-carbon monoxide copolymer, ethylene-methyl methacrylate copolymer, ethylene-propylene copolymer, acrylonitrile-butadiene copolymer, polyurethane, chlorinated polyethylene, chlorinated polypropylene Etc. These may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the method for producing the vinyl chloride resin is not particularly limited, and any conventionally known polymerization method can be used.
- any conventionally known polymerization method can be used.
- a bulk polymerization method a solution polymerization method, an emulsion polymerization method, a suspension polymerization method and the like can be mentioned.
- the method of chlorination is not particularly limited, and methods known in the relevant field, for example, JP-A Nos. 9-278826, 2006-328165, International Publication WO / 2008/62526, etc. The described method can be used.
- thermal chlorination a method of promoting chlorination by exciting bonds and chlorine of a vinyl chloride resin with heat
- photochlorination a method of promoting photoreaction chlorination by irradiating light
- photochlorination a method of promoting light while heating, and the like
- Chlorination by thermal chlorination is preferable from the viewpoint of more uniform chlorination and improvement of the thermal stability of the obtained chlorinated vinyl chloride resin.
- the component of the low glass transition point contained in vinyl chloride-type resin can be reduced by utilizing the chlorination by a thermal chlorination. This makes it possible to minimize pore blockage when the resulting polymeric water treatment membrane is used at high temperature.
- a thermal chlorination method a water suspension thermal chlorination method is mentioned.
- pure water and a vinyl chloride monomer or vinyl chloride resin are charged into a reactor equipped with a stirrer and a jacket, and then air in the reactor is exhausted by a vacuum pump, and the reactor is stirred under stirring conditions. Is heated by a jacket. After reaching a predetermined temperature, chlorination of the vinyl chloride resin can be performed by introducing chlorine into the reactor.
- the material of the reactor of the water suspension thermal chlorination method is not particularly limited, but in order to suppress corrosion due to chlorine and hydrogen chloride, an apparatus with a countermeasure against corrosion such as a glass lining is preferable.
- the reaction temperature of the water suspension thermal chlorination method is preferably 70 to 130.degree. If the temperature is too low, the chlorination reaction tends to be significantly delayed. If the temperature is too high, the resin tends to be easily discolored due to heat deterioration. More preferably, it is 90 to 120 ° C. Further, temperature control may be performed in multiple steps, such as changing the reaction temperature during the reaction depending on the progress of the reaction.
- the reaction pressure of the water suspension thermal chlorination method is not particularly limited, but the higher the chlorine concentration in the reaction system, the easier the chlorination reaction will proceed, so the higher the pressure tolerance design of the reactor allows preferable.
- a method of promoting chlorination by light reaction for example, when chlorine is brought into contact with a vinyl chloride-based monomer or vinyl chloride-based resin in a suspended state, an ultraviolet ray; a mercury lamp, an arc lamp, an incandescent lamp, a fluorescent lamp And a method of irradiating a visible light such as a carbon arc lamp. Adjustment of the chlorine content can be performed by appropriately adjusting the above-described reaction conditions and the like.
- the chlorinated vinyl chloride resin used for the polymer water treatment membrane of the present invention suitably has a degree of polymerization of about 250 to 3,000, preferably 500 to 1,500. If the degree of polymerization is too low, the solution viscosity at the time of spinning decreases, and the film forming operation tends to be difficult. On the other hand, when the degree of polymerization is too high, the viscosity tends to be too high, which tends to cause the remaining of air bubbles in the formed water treatment membrane.
- the degree of polymerization herein means a value measured in accordance with JIS K 6720-2. In order to adjust the degree of polymerization to the above range, it is preferable to appropriately adjust the conditions known in the art such as the reaction time and reaction temperature.
- the chlorinated vinyl chloride resin having a specific chlorine content is contained in an amount of about 30 to 100% by weight with respect to all resin components constituting the high molecular weight water treatment membrane, and 50 Those which are contained in an amount of up to about 100% by weight and about 70 to 100% by weight are preferable.
- the chlorinated vinyl chloride monomer constituting the main chain is suitably contained in an amount of about 30 to 100% by weight with respect to all monomers constituting the main chain, and is preferably about 50 to 100% by weight, What is contained by about 100 weight% is preferable.
- other resin components that is, a vinyl chloride homopolymer having a lower chlorine content in addition to the above-mentioned chlorinated vinyl chloride resin having a specific chlorine content; a copolymer with vinyl chloride A copolymer having a lower chlorine content, which is obtained by copolymerizing a polymerizable monomer, and a resin component other than a vinyl chloride resin can be used in the range not to impair the effect of the present invention.
- Such other resin components are suitably used, for example, in the range of 0 to 70% by weight.
- vinyl chloride-acrylic graft copolymer vinyl chloride-vinyl acetate copolymer, vinyl chloride-vinyl acetate-polyvinyl alcohol copolymer, vinyl chloride-vinyl acetate-ethylene copolymer
- a vinyl chloride resin containing a vinyl chloride structure in a main chain structural unit such as a polymer, vinyl chloride-vinyl acetate-maleic anhydride copolymer; Patent documents JP 2005-36195 A, JP 2005-36196 A, JP 2005-36216 A etc.
- a vinyl chloride resin formed according to it Examples include polysulfone resins, polyacrylonitrile resins, polyvinyl alcohol resins, polyimide resins, polyolefin resins, acrylic resins, polyvinylidene fluoride resins and the like. You may use these individually or in combination of 2 or more types.
- the degree of polymerization of such other resin components is not particularly limited, but it is suitable that the degree of polymerization is about the same as that of chlorinated vinyl chloride resins.
- the chlorine content is not particularly limited, but the chlorine content is suitably in the range of 58 to 73.2%, preferably 60 to 73. .2%, more preferably 67-71%.
- a chlorinated vinyl chloride resin, a lubricant, a heat stabilizer, a film forming aid and the like May be blended.
- a lubricant for example, stearic acid, paraffin wax and the like can be mentioned.
- the heat stabilizer generally include tin-based, lead-based and Ca / Zn-based stabilizers used for molding of vinyl chloride resins, and specific examples include organic tin mercaptides, metal soaps and the like.
- the film-forming assistant include polyethylene glycols of various polymerization degrees, hydrophilic polymers such as polyvinyl pyrrolidone, and the like, and inorganic salts and the like.
- the polymeric water treatment membrane of the present invention can be produced by methods known in the art. For example, a thermally induced phase separation method, a nonsolvent phase separation method, a stretching method, a method combining these, etc. are exemplified. Among them, those manufactured by the non-solvent phase separation method are preferable from the viewpoint of achieving both high water permeability and fractionation performance.
- the film formed by the nonsolvent phase separation method can form a dense layer having a sufficiently small pore structure.
- Examples of the solvent used when producing by a wet method such as thermally induced phase separation method, non-solvent phase separation method and the like include dimethylformamide (DMF), dimethylacetamide (DMAc), tetrahydrofuran (THF), 1 -Methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP), dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO), sulfolane, dioxane, chloroform, tetrachloroethane and the like can be mentioned.
- DMF dimethylformamide
- DMAc dimethylacetamide
- THF tetrahydrofuran
- NMP 1 -Methyl-2-pyrrolidone
- DMSO dimethylsulfoxide
- sulfolane dioxane
- chloroform tetrachloroethane and the like
- nonsolvent used in the nonsolvent phase separation method for example, ethylene glycol, glycerin; polyethylene oxide, polypropylene oxide, alkyl aryl polyether alcohol, alkyl aryl sulfonate, alkyl sulfate, triethyl phosphate, formamide, acetic acid, propionone Acid, 2-methoxyethanol, t-amyl alcohol, methanol, ethanol, isopropanol, hexanol, heptanol, octanol, acetone, methyl ethyl ketone, methyl isobutyl ketone, butyl ether, ethyl acetate, amyl acetate, diethylene glycol, di (ethylene glycol) diethyl ether, Examples include di (ethylene glycol) dibutyl ether and water. These solvents and / or non-solvents may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- a chlorinated vinyl chloride resin is mixed with a solvent in an amount of 10 to 30% by weight, and optionally a film forming aid is mixed in a solvent to a weight ratio of 5 to 30%.
- Dissolve by stirring under temperature conditions up to 180 ° C. where the vinyl chloride resin does not thermally decompose.
- the resulting solution can be extruded from the tubular nozzle outside the double tube structure by a gear pump or the like and the inside nozzle can be formed into a hollow fiber shape by letting the non-solvent flow out.
- a triple tube structure may be formed into a hollow fiber by flowing out the nonsolvent from the outermost tubular nozzle.
- the hollow fiber membrane thus obtained is preferably subjected to water washing or the like in order to wash the solvent residue.
- the polymeric water treatment membrane of the present invention is suitably in the form of a porous membrane or a hollow fiber. Further, the water treatment membrane is suitably classified as a so-called ultrafiltration membrane having a fractional molecular weight of 300000 or less, preferably 150,000 or less, and more preferably in the range of about 10,000 to 50,000. Furthermore, the high molecular weight water treatment membrane according to the present invention preferably has a pure water permeation amount of 500 L / m 2 ⁇ hr ⁇ atm or more, more preferably 1000 L / m 2 ⁇ hr ⁇ atm or more . The strength is suitably 6 MPa or more, preferably 8 MPa, more preferably 10 MPa or more in terms of tensile strength.
- the polymer water treatment membrane of the present invention does not lose its performance even under temperature conditions of about 90 ° C. at maximum and about 60 ° C. for general use, and the water quality is removed in a wide operation range, microorganisms Can contribute to the improvement of the water environment, such as
- the film structure and the molecular weight cut-off of the polymer water treatment film can be adjusted by appropriately selecting the chlorine content of the chlorinated vinyl chloride resin to be used, the composition, the production method, the production conditions and the like.
- the polymer water treatment membrane of the present invention does not contain a structural support for improving the strength of nonwoven fabric, paper, fibers, etc. in its cross section, mainly from chlorinated vinyl chloride resin, preferably chlorinated chloride. It is suitable that the structure is established only with the vinyl resin. That is, it is preferable not to include the above-described structural support but to be a film of a single-layer structure itself.
- the film having a single layer structure means that it is formed of a single material. Therefore, even in the form of the porous membrane and the hollow fiber membrane described above, in the cross section, the structure is established without including the above-described structural support.
- the material with low strength is a composite material with a structural support formed of a material with higher strength (ceramic, non-woven fabric, etc.) and maintains a desired shape, for example, a cylindrical shape, a tube shape, etc. . Therefore, a polymer water treatment membrane made of a conventional vinyl chloride resin, polyethylene or the like supports the membrane so that the desired shape is not crushed when used as a water treatment membrane other than the material forming the membrane.
- a structural support a ceramic, a non-woven fabric or the like has been accompanied.
- the polymer water treatment membrane of the present invention itself has a single layer structure of a vinyl chloride resin (preferably, a chlorinated vinyl chloride resin having a chlorine content of 58 to 73.2% as described above). It is preferable not to be accompanied by a structural support formed of a material other than a vinyl chloride resin, which is formed solely of the resin and does not change the desired shape such as a tubular shape.
- the polymer water treatment membrane of the present invention has sufficient strength to retain a desired shape such as a cylinder or tube shape when used as a water treatment membrane despite such a single layer structure, That is, it has "self-supporting".
- the polymer water treatment membrane itself secures sufficient strength, and the water treatment membrane is realized without the structural support. can do.
- the membrane portion responsible for the filtration function does not peel off from the structural support, and unlike the tube-shaped membrane using a structural support such as ceramic, excellent water permeability is obtained. It can be secured.
- Example 1 Hollow dimethylacetamide solution containing 15% by weight of chlorinated vinyl chloride resin (manufactured by Sekisui Chemical Co., Ltd., HA 31 K, degree of chlorination: 67%, degree of polymerization: 800) and 15% by weight of polyethylene glycol 4000
- the porous hollow fiber membrane was obtained by continuously discharging from a yarn nozzle and phase separation in a water bath layer.
- the obtained hollow fiber membrane had an outer diameter of 1.2 mm and an inner diameter of 0.8 mm.
- Example 2 Hollow fiber solution containing 15% by weight of chlorinated vinyl chloride resin (manufactured by Sekisui Chemical Co., Ltd., HA 31 K, degree of chlorination: 67%, degree of polymerization: 800) and 10% by weight of polyvinylpyrrolidone K 90 as a hollow fiber
- the porous hollow fiber membrane was obtained by continuously discharging from a nozzle and causing phase separation in a water bath layer.
- the obtained hollow fiber had an outer diameter of 1.2 mm and an inner diameter of 0.8 mm.
- Example 3 Hollow dimethylacetamide solution containing 15% by weight of chlorinated vinyl chloride resin (HA58K, degree of chlorination: 68%, degree of polymerization: 1000) manufactured by Sekisui Chemical Co., Ltd. and 15% by weight of polyethylene glycol 4000
- the porous hollow fiber membrane was obtained by continuously discharging from a yarn nozzle and phase separation in a water bath.
- the obtained hollow fiber membrane had an outer diameter of 1.2 mm and an inner diameter of 0.8 mm.
- Example 4 Hollow dimethylacetamide solution containing 15% by weight of chlorinated vinyl chloride resin (HA 58 K, degree of chlorination: 68%, degree of polymerization: 1000) manufactured by Sekisui Chemical Co., Ltd. and 10% by weight of polyethylene glycol 200
- the porous hollow fiber membrane was obtained by continuously discharging from a yarn nozzle and phase separation in a water bath.
- the obtained hollow fiber membrane had an outer diameter of 1.2 mm and an inner diameter of 0.8 mm.
- Example 5 12% by weight of a chlorinated vinyl chloride resin (manufactured by Sekisui Chemical Co., Ltd., HA 58 K, degree of chlorination: 68%, degree of polymerization: 1000) and vinyl chloride resin (manufactured by Sekisui Chemical Co., Ltd., TS 1000 R, degree of polymerization:
- a porous hollow fiber membrane is obtained by continuously discharging a dimethylacetamide solution containing 3% by weight of 1000) and 15% by weight of polyethylene glycol 4000 from a hollow fiber nozzle and phase separation in a water bath.
- the obtained hollow fiber membrane had an outer diameter of 1.2 mm and an inner diameter of 0.8 mm.
- Example 6 12% by weight of a chlorinated vinyl chloride resin (manufactured by Sekisui Chemical Co., Ltd., HA 58 K, degree of chlorination: 68%, degree of polymerization: 1000) and vinyl chloride resin (manufactured by Sekisui Chemical Co., Ltd., TS 1000 R, degree of polymerization:
- a porous hollow is obtained by continuously discharging an N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone solution containing 3% by weight of 1000) and 10% by weight of polyvinylpyrrolidone K90 from a hollow fiber nozzle and phase separation in a water bath. Yarn film was obtained.
- the obtained hollow fiber membrane had an outer diameter of 1.2 mm and an inner diameter of 0.8 mm.
- Example 7 12% by weight of a chlorinated vinyl chloride resin (manufactured by Sekisui Chemical Co., Ltd., HA 58 K, degree of chlorination: 68%, degree of polymerization: 1000) and vinyl chloride resin (manufactured by Sekisui Chemical Co., Ltd., TS 1000 R, degree of polymerization:
- a porous hollow fiber membrane is obtained by continuously discharging a dimethylacetamide solution containing 3% by weight of 1000) and 10% by weight of polyethylene glycol 4000 from a hollow fiber nozzle and phase separation in a water bath.
- the obtained hollow fiber membrane had an outer diameter of 1.2 mm and an inner diameter of 0.8 mm.
- Example 8 Hollow dimethylacetamide solution containing 17% by weight of chlorinated vinyl chloride resin (manufactured by Sekisui Chemical Co., Ltd., HA05K, degree of chlorination: 67%, degree of polymerization: 500) and 19% by weight of polyethylene glycol 4000
- the porous hollow fiber membrane was obtained by continuously discharging from a yarn nozzle and phase separation in a water bath.
- the obtained hollow fiber membrane had an outer diameter of 1.2 mm and an inner diameter of 0.8 mm.
- Example 9 N-Methyl-2-pyrrolidone containing 17% by weight of chlorinated vinyl chloride resin (manufactured by Sekisui Chemical Co., Ltd., HA05K, degree of chlorination: 67%, degree of polymerization: 500) and 10% by weight of polyethylene glycol 4000
- the solution was continuously discharged from a hollow fiber nozzle, and phase separation was performed in a water bath to obtain a porous hollow fiber membrane.
- the obtained hollow fiber membrane had an outer diameter of 1.2 mm and an inner diameter of 0.8 mm.
- Example 10 Hollow fiber solution containing 28% by weight of chlorinated vinyl chloride resin (manufactured by Sekisui Chemical Co., Ltd., HA05K, degree of chlorination: 67%, degree of polymerization: 500) and 10% by weight of polyvinylpyrrolidone K90 as a hollow fiber
- the porous hollow fiber membrane was obtained by continuously discharging from a nozzle and performing phase separation in a water bath.
- the obtained hollow fiber membrane had an outer diameter of 1.2 mm and an inner diameter of 0.8 mm.
- Example 11 Hollow dimethylacetamide solution containing 30% by weight of chlorinated vinyl chloride resin (manufactured by Sekisui Chemical Co., Ltd., HA05K, degree of chlorination: 67%, degree of polymerization: 500) and 15% by weight of polyethylene glycol 200
- the porous hollow fiber membrane was obtained by continuously discharging from a yarn nozzle and phase separation in a water bath.
- the obtained hollow fiber membrane had an outer diameter of 1.2 mm and an inner diameter of 0.8 mm.
- Example 12 Hollow dimethylacetamide solution containing 17% by weight of chlorinated vinyl chloride resin (manufactured by Sekisui Chemical Co., Ltd., HA 31 K, degree of chlorination: 67%, degree of polymerization: 800) and 20% by weight of polyethylene glycol 400
- the porous hollow fiber membrane was obtained by continuously discharging from a yarn nozzle and phase separation in a water bath.
- the obtained hollow fiber membrane had an outer diameter of 1.2 mm and an inner diameter of 0.8 mm.
- Example 13 Hollow fiber of dimethylacetamide solution containing 17% by weight of chlorinated vinyl chloride resin (manufactured by Sekisui Chemical Co., Ltd., HA 31 K, degree of chlorination: 67%, degree of polymerization: 800) and 10% by weight of polyethylene glycol 400
- the porous hollow fiber membrane was obtained by continuously discharging from a nozzle and performing phase separation in a water bath.
- the obtained hollow fiber membrane had an outer diameter of 1.2 mm and an inner diameter of 0.8 mm.
- Example 14 Hollow fiber solution containing 25% by weight of chlorinated vinyl chloride resin (manufactured by Sekisui Chemical Co., Ltd., HA 31 K, degree of chlorination: 67%, degree of polymerization: 800) and 20% by weight of polyvinylpyrrolidone K90
- the porous hollow fiber membrane was obtained by continuously discharging from a nozzle and performing phase separation in a water bath.
- the obtained hollow fiber membrane had an outer diameter of 1.2 mm and an inner diameter of 0.8 mm.
- Example 15 Hollow dimethylacetamide solution containing 17% by weight of chlorinated vinyl chloride resin (manufactured by Sekisui Chemical Co., Ltd., HA 31 K, degree of chlorination: 67%, degree of polymerization: 800) and 10% by weight of polyethylene glycol 400
- the porous hollow fiber membrane was obtained by continuously discharging from a yarn nozzle and phase separation in a water bath.
- the obtained hollow fiber membrane had an outer diameter of 1.2 mm and an inner diameter of 0.8 mm.
- Example 16 Dimethylacetamide and tetrahydrofuran containing 20% by weight of a chlorinated vinyl chloride resin (manufactured by Sekisui Chemical Co., Ltd., HA 31 N, degree of chlorination: 70%, degree of polymerization: 800) and 10% by weight of polyvinylpyrrolidone K90
- the solution obtained by mixing 9: 1 was discharged continuously from a hollow fiber nozzle, and phase separation was performed in a water bath to obtain a porous hollow fiber membrane.
- the obtained hollow fiber membrane had an outer diameter of 1.2 mm and an inner diameter of 0.8 mm.
- Example 17 Hollow fiber solution containing 20% by weight of chlorinated vinyl chloride resin (manufactured by Sekisui Chemical Co., Ltd., HA 31 K, degree of chlorination: 67%, degree of polymerization: 800) and 10% by weight of polyvinylpyrrolidone K 90 as a hollow fiber
- the porous hollow fiber membrane was obtained by continuously discharging from a nozzle and performing phase separation in a water bath.
- the obtained hollow fiber membrane had an outer diameter of 1.2 mm and an inner diameter of 0.8 mm.
- Example 18 Hollow fiber solution containing 20% by weight of chlorinated vinyl chloride resin (manufactured by Sekisui Chemical Co., Ltd., HA15E, degree of chlorination: 62%, degree of polymerization: 600) and 10% by weight of polyethylene glycol 4000 as a hollow fiber
- the porous hollow fiber membrane was obtained by continuously discharging from a nozzle and performing phase separation in a water bath.
- the obtained hollow fiber membrane had an outer diameter of 1.2 mm and an inner diameter of 0.8 mm.
- Example 19 Hollow fiber solution containing 20% by weight of chlorinated vinyl chloride resin (manufactured by Sekisui Chemical Co., Ltd., HA15E, degree of chlorination: 62%, degree of polymerization: 600) and 10% by weight of polyvinylpyrrolidone K90 as a hollow fiber
- the porous hollow fiber membrane was obtained by continuously discharging from a nozzle and performing phase separation in a water bath.
- the obtained hollow fiber membrane had an outer diameter of 1.2 mm and an inner diameter of 0.8 mm.
- Comparative Example 1 A dimethylacetamide solution containing 15% by weight of vinyl chloride resin (TS1000R, degree of polymerization: 1000, manufactured by Sekisui Chemical Co., Ltd.) and 15% by weight of polyethylene glycol 4000 is continuously discharged from a hollow fiber nozzle, A porous hollow fiber membrane was obtained by phase separation in a water bath. The obtained hollow fiber membrane had an outer diameter of 1.2 mm and an inner diameter of 0.8 mm.
- T1000R degree of polymerization: 1000, manufactured by Sekisui Chemical Co., Ltd.
- Comparative example 2 A solution of tetrahydrofuran containing 20% by weight of vinyl chloride resin (TS800E manufactured by Sekisui Chemical Co., Ltd., degree of polymerization: 800) and 10% by weight of polyethylene glycol 4000 is continuously discharged from a hollow fiber nozzle, A porous hollow fiber membrane was obtained by phase separation in a bath. The obtained hollow fiber membrane had an outer diameter of 1.2 mm and an inner diameter of 0.8 mm.
- T800E vinyl chloride resin manufactured by Sekisui Chemical Co., Ltd., degree of polymerization: 800
- Comparative example 3 Dimethyl chloride-vinyl acetate copolymer resin (Dow Chemical Co., Ltd., VYNS-3, vinyl chloride 90 wt% -vinyl acetate 10 wt% copolymer) 15 wt% and polyethylene glycol 4000 15 wt% dimethyl
- the acetamide solution was continuously discharged from the hollow fiber nozzle, and phase separation was performed in a water bath to obtain a porous hollow fiber membrane.
- the obtained hollow fiber membrane had an outer diameter of 1.2 mm and an inner diameter of 0.8 mm.
- Comparative example 4 A vinyl chloride-vinyl acetate-maleic anhydride copolymer resin (a copolymer of 70 wt% of vinyl chloride-10 wt% of vinyl acetate-20 wt% of maleic anhydride) was synthesized. Hollow dimethylacetamide solution containing 5% by weight of this resin, 11.5% by weight of vinyl chloride resin (TS1000R, degree of polymerization: 1000, manufactured by Sekisui Chemical Co., Ltd.), and 7% by weight of polyethylene glycol 4000 The porous hollow fiber membrane was obtained by continuously discharging from a yarn nozzle and phase separation in a water bath. The obtained hollow fiber membrane had an outer diameter of 1.2 mm and an inner diameter of 0.8 mm.
- the polymeric water treatment membrane of the examples can be manufactured by an extremely simple method using a chlorinated vinyl chloride resin having a relatively high chlorine content as a raw material. Moreover, it was confirmed that the high strength and the water permeability are exhibited to any of the comparative examples. Furthermore, high heat resistance can also be realized by the characteristics of the chlorinated vinyl chloride resin itself. That is, according to the polymer water treatment membrane of the present invention, while having high strength, it has performance such as water permeability, heat resistance, chemical resistance, flexibility, etc. that can withstand practical use, and is used under a wide range of conditions Can.
- the polymer water treatment membrane of the present invention can be suitably used in a water treatment apparatus etc. as a separation membrane for the purpose of removing river water and ground water, clarifying industrial water, drainage and sewage treatment, etc. It is also extremely useful as a water treatment membrane of
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Abstract
Description
高分子水処理膜に要求される性能としては、目的とする分離特性に加え、優れた透水性を有すること、物理的強度に優れていること、各種化学物質に対する安定性(即ち耐薬品性)が高いこと、耐熱水性が優れていること等が挙げられる。
しかし、その機械的強度は小さく、さらに耐薬品性も十分でない。従って、分離膜が汚染した場合は、物理的又は薬品等による化学的手段による洗浄を行うことが極めて困難である。
しかし、ポリフッ化ビニリデン製の分離膜は、使用によって分離膜の汚染が進みやすい傾向がある。
また、塩化ビニル系樹脂、ポリエチレン等で作製された高分子水処理膜は、強度面で他の樹脂に比べて劣っており、さらに、高温条件では熱変形により透水量が大幅に低下するなどの問題を抱えている。
このような高分子水処理膜では、塩素化塩化ビニル系樹脂の重合度が250~3000であることが好ましい。
塩素化塩化ビニル系樹脂が、高分子水処理膜を構成する全樹脂成分に対して30~100重量%含まれることが好ましい。
主鎖を構成する塩素化塩化ビニルモノマー単位が、主鎖を構成する全モノマー単位に対して、30~100重量%含まれることが好ましい。
多孔質膜及び/又は中空糸であることが好ましい。
単層構造の膜からなることが好ましい。
このような塩素化塩化ビニル系樹脂は、塩化ビニル系モノマー単位を塩素化したものからなるポリマーであってもよいし、塩化ビニル系モノマーをポリマー化した後に塩素化したものであってもよい。加えて、塩素化塩化ビニル系樹脂における塩素含有率が58~73.2%であるものが適しており、60~73.2%であるものが好ましく、67~71%であるものがより好ましい。塩素含有率が小さすぎると十分な耐熱性、耐久性を得ることができず、大きすぎると成形加工が困難となる傾向があるのみならず、塩素同士の立体反発のため樹脂の製造が困難となる。従って、このように塩素含有率を高めることによって、樹脂の極性を高くして、製膜溶液の溶媒である極性溶媒に対する溶解度を高めることができる一方、凝固水槽での溶媒交換を促すことができる。その結果、瞬間型相分離が起こり、スポンジ状の緻密層が形成されやすくなることにより膜の強度を高くすることが可能となる。
ブチルビニルエーテル、セチルビニルエーテル等のビニルエーテル類;
メチル(メタ)アクリレート、エチル(メタ)アクリレート、ブチルアクリレート、フェニルメタクリレート等の(メタ)アクリル酸エステル類;
スチレン、α-メチルスチレン等の芳香族ビニル類;
塩化ビニリデン、フッ化ビニリデン等のハロゲン化ビニル類;
N-フェニルマレイミド、N-シクロヘキシルマレイミド等のN-置換マレイミド類、(メタ)アクリル酸、無水マレイン酸、アクリロニトリル等が挙げられる。これらは単独で用いてもよいし、2種以上併用してもよい。
熱塩素化による塩素化が、より均一に塩素化でき、得られた塩素化塩化ビニル系樹脂の熱安定性が向上するという観点から好ましい。また、熱塩素化による塩素化を利用することによって、塩化ビニル系樹脂に含有されている低ガラス転移点の成分を低減させることができる。これによって、得られた高分子水処理膜を高温で使用した際の細孔閉塞を最小限に止めることができる。
例えば、撹拌機及びジャケットを備えた反応器に、純水及び塩化ビニル系モノマー又は塩化ビニル系樹脂を投入し、その後、真空ポンプで反応器内の空気を排出し、撹拌条件下で反応器内をジャケットにより加熱する。所定の温度になった後、塩素を反応器内に導入することにより、塩化ビニル系樹脂の塩素化を行うことができる。
水懸濁熱塩素化法の反応温度としては、70~130℃が好ましい。低温すぎると、塩素化反応が著しく遅くなる傾向がある。高温すぎると、樹脂が熱劣化で変色しやすくなる傾向がある。さらに好ましくは、90~120℃である。また、反応の進行状況によって、反応温度を反応途中で変更するなど、多段階で温度制御を行ってもよい。
水懸濁熱塩素化法の反応圧力は、特に限定されないが、反応系中の塩素濃度を高くするほど、塩素化反応が進みやすくなるので、反応器の耐圧設計が許す範囲内で高い方が好ましい。
塩素含有率の調整は、上述した反応条件等を適宜調節することにより行うことができる。
重合度を上記の範囲に調整するためには、反応時間、反応温度等の当該分野において公知の条件を適宜調節することが好ましい。
また、主鎖を構成する塩素化塩化ビニル系モノマーは、主鎖を構成する全モノマーに対して、30~100重量%程度で含まれるものが適しており、50~100重量%程度、70~100重量%程度で含まれるものが好ましい。
このような範囲の塩素含有率の塩素化塩化ビニル系樹脂が高分子水処理膜に含まれていることにより、熱安定性を向上させ、高温条件での使用においても機械的強度及び透水量の低下を最小限に止めることができる。
同出願人の特開2005-36195号公報、特開2005-36196号公報、特開2005-36216号公報等に記載されたもの、記載された方法及びそれに準じて形成された塩化ビニル系樹脂;
ポリスルホン系樹脂、ポリアクリロニトリル系樹脂、ポリビニルアルコール系樹脂、ポリイミド系樹脂、ポリオレフィン系樹脂、アクリル系樹脂、ポリフッ化ビニリデン系樹脂等が例示される。
これらは単独で又は2種以上を組み合わせて用いてもよい。
このような他の樹脂成分の重合度は、特に限定されないが、塩素化塩化ビニル系樹脂と同程度の重合度であることが適している。
滑剤としては、例えば、ステアリン酸、パラフィンワックス等が挙げられる。
熱安定剤としては、一般に、塩化ビニル系樹脂の成形に用いられる錫系、鉛系、Ca/Zn系の各安定剤等、具体的には、有機錫メルカプチド、金属石鹸等が挙げられる。
製膜助剤としては、各種重合度のポリエチレングリコール及びポリビニルピロリドン等の親水性高分子等もしくは、無機塩類などが挙げられる。
これらの溶媒及び/又は非溶媒は、単独で又は2種以上を組み合わせて用いてもよい。
さらに、押し出された溶液と非溶媒を非溶媒槽(凝固槽)に通すことで溶媒と非溶媒の交換が進み、樹脂成分が相分離により完全に析出し、中空糸膜が得られる。このようにして得られた中空糸膜は、溶媒残渣を洗浄するために、水洗などを行うことが好ましい。
さらに、本発明の高分子水処理膜は、その純水透過量が500L/m2・hr・atm以上であることが適しており、1000L/m2・hr・atm以上であることがより好ましい。
また、その強度は、引張強度で6MPa以上であることが適しており、好ましくは8MPa、さらに好ましくは10MPa以上である。
高分子水処理膜の膜構造及び分画分子量は、用いる塩素化塩化ビニル系樹脂の塩素含有率、その組成、製造方法、製造条件等を適宜選択することにより、調整することができる。
通常、強度が弱い素材は、より強度の強い素材(セラミック、不織布等)から形成される構造支持体との複合材料にして、所望の形状、例えば、円筒形状、チューブ形状等を維持している。従って、従来の塩化ビニル系樹脂、ポリエチレン等で作製された高分子水処理膜は、膜を形成する素材以外に、水処理膜としての使用時に、所望の形状がつぶれないよう、膜を支持する構造支持体として、セラミック又は不織布等を伴っていた。
一方、本発明の高分子水処理膜自体は、塩化ビニル系樹脂(好ましくは、上述したような、塩素含有率が58~73.2%の塩素化塩化ビニル系樹脂)による単層構造の膜のみから形成されており、筒状などの所望の形状を変化させないような、塩化ビニル系樹脂以外の素材から形成される構造支持体を伴わないことが好ましい。本発明の高分子水処理膜は、このような単層構造にもかかわらず、水処理膜としての使用時に円筒、チューブ形状等の所望の形状が保持されるほどに十分な強度を有し、すなわち「自立性」を有する。従って、本発明では、塩化ビニル系樹脂以外の他の素材を使用した膜とは異なって、高分子水処理膜自体が十分な強度を確保しており構造支持体なしで、水処理膜を実現することができる。その結果、逆洗時においても、ろ過機能を担当する膜部分が構造支持体から剥離することなく、また、セラミック等の構造支持体を用いたチューブ形状膜等とは異なり、優れた透水性能を確保することができる。
実施例1
塩素化塩化ビニル系樹脂(積水化学工業株式会社製、HA31K、塩素化度:67%、重合度:800)を15重量%と、ポリエチレングリコール4000を15重量%とを含むジメチルアセトアミド溶液を、中空糸ノズルより連続的に吐出させ、水浴層にて相分離させることによって多孔質の中空糸膜を得た。得られた中空糸膜の外径は1.2mm、内径は0.8mmであった。
塩素化塩化ビニル系樹脂(積水化学工業株式会社製、HA31K、塩素化度:67%、重合度:800)を15重量%と、ポリビニルピロリドンK90を10重量%とを含むテトラヒドロフラン溶液を、中空糸ノズルより連続的に吐出させ、水浴層にて相分離させることによって多孔質の中空糸膜を得た。得られた中空糸の外径は1.2mm、内径は0.8mmであった。
塩素化塩化ビニル系樹脂(積水化学工業株式会社製、HA58K、塩素化度:68%、重合度:1000)を15重量%と、ポリエチレングリコール4000を15重量%とを含むジメチルアセトアミド溶液を、中空糸ノズルより連続的に吐出させ、水浴槽にて相分離させることによって多孔質の中空糸膜を得た。得られた中空糸膜の外径は1.2mm、内径は0.8mmであった。
塩素化塩化ビニル系樹脂(積水化学工業株式会社製、HA58K、塩素化度:68%、重合度:1000)を15重量%と、ポリエチレングリコール200を10重量%とを含むジメチルアセトアミド溶液を、中空糸ノズルより連続的に吐出させ、水浴槽にて相分離させることによって多孔質の中空糸膜を得た。得られた中空糸膜の外径は1.2mm、内径は0.8mmであった。
塩素化塩化ビニル系樹脂(積水化学工業株式会社製、HA58K、塩素化度:68%、重合度:1000)を12重量%と、塩化ビニル樹脂(積水化学工業株式会社製、TS1000R、重合度:1000)を3重量%と、ポリエチレングリコール4000を15重量%とを含むジメチルアセトアミド溶液を、中空糸ノズルより連続的に吐出させ、水浴槽にて相分離させることによって多孔質の中空糸膜を得た。得られた中空糸膜の外径は1.2mm、内径は0.8mmであった。
塩素化塩化ビニル系樹脂(積水化学工業株式会社製、HA58K、塩素化度:68%、重合度:1000)を12重量%と、塩化ビニル樹脂(積水化学工業株式会社製、TS1000R、重合度:1000)を3重量%と、ポリビニルピロリドンK90を10重量%とを含むN-メチルー2-ピロリドン溶液を、中空糸ノズルより連続的に吐出させ、水浴槽にて相分離させることによって多孔質の中空糸膜を得た。得られた中空糸膜の外径は1.2mm、内径は0.8mmであった。
塩素化塩化ビニル系樹脂(積水化学工業株式会社製、HA58K、塩素化度:68%、重合度:1000)を12重量%と、塩化ビニル樹脂(積水化学工業株式会社製、TS1000R、重合度:1000)を3重量%と、ポリエチレングリコール4000を10重量%とを含むジメチルアセトアミド溶液を、中空糸ノズルより連続的に吐出させ、水浴槽にて相分離させることによって多孔質の中空糸膜を得た。得られた中空糸膜の外径は1.2mm、内径は0.8mmであった。
塩素化塩化ビニル系樹脂(積水化学工業株式会社製、HA05K、塩素化度:67%、重合度:500)を17重量%と、ポリエチレングリコール4000を19重量%とを含むジメチルアセトアミド溶液を、中空糸ノズルより連続的に吐出させ、水浴槽にて相分離させることによって多孔質の中空糸膜を得た。得られた中空糸膜の外径は1.2mm、内径は0.8mmであった。
塩素化塩化ビニル系樹脂(積水化学工業株式会社製、HA05K、塩素化度:67%、重合度:500)を17重量%と、ポリエチレングリコール4000を10重量%とを含むN-メチルー2-ピロリドン溶液を、中空糸ノズルより連続的に吐出させ、水浴槽にて相分離させることによって多孔質の中空糸膜を得た。得られた中空糸膜の外径は1.2mm、内径は0.8mmであった。
塩素化塩化ビニル系樹脂(積水化学工業株式会社製、HA05K、塩素化度:67%、重合度:500)を28重量%と、ポリビニルピロリドンK90を10重量%とを含むテトラヒドロフラン溶液を、中空糸ノズルより連続的に吐出させ、水浴槽にて相分離させることによって多孔質の中空糸膜を得た。得られた中空糸膜の外径は1.2mm、内径は0.8mmであった。
塩素化塩化ビニル系樹脂(積水化学工業株式会社製、HA05K、塩素化度:67%、重合度:500)を30重量%と、ポリエチレングリコール200を15重量%とを含むジメチルアセトアミド溶液を、中空糸ノズルより連続的に吐出させ、水浴槽にて相分離させることによって多孔質の中空糸膜を得た。得られた中空糸膜の外径は1.2mm、内径は0.8mmであった。
塩素化塩化ビニル系樹脂(積水化学工業株式会社製、HA31K、塩素化度:67%、重合度:800)を17重量%と、ポリエチレングリコール400を20重量%とを含むジメチルアセトアミド溶液を、中空糸ノズルより連続的に吐出させ、水浴槽にて相分離させることによって多孔質の中空糸膜を得た。得られた中空糸膜の外径は1.2mm、内径は0.8mmであった。
塩素化塩化ビニル系樹脂(積水化学工業株式会社製、HA31K、塩素化度:67%、重合度:800)を17重量%と、ポリエチレングリコール400とを10重量%含むジメチルアセトアミド溶液を、中空糸ノズルより連続的に吐出させ、水浴槽にて相分離させることによって多孔質の中空糸膜を得た。得られた中空糸膜の外径は1.2mm、内径は0.8mmであった。
塩素化塩化ビニル系樹脂(積水化学工業株式会社製、HA31K、塩素化度:67%、重合度:800)を25重量%と、ポリビニルピロリドンK90を20重量%とを含むテトラヒドロフラン溶液を、中空糸ノズルより連続的に吐出させ、水浴槽にて相分離させることによって多孔質の中空糸膜を得た。得られた中空糸膜の外径は1.2mm、内径は0.8mmであった。
塩素化塩化ビニル系樹脂(積水化学工業株式会社製、HA31K、塩素化度:67%、重合度:800)を17重量%と、ポリエチレングリコール400を10重量%とを含むジメチルアセトアミド溶液を、中空糸ノズルより連続的に吐出させ、水浴槽にて相分離させることによって多孔質の中空糸膜を得た。得られた中空糸膜の外径は1.2mm、内径は0.8mmであった。
塩素化塩化ビニル系樹脂(積水化学工業株式会社製、HA31N、塩素化度:70%、重合度:800)を20重量%と、ポリビニルピロリドンK90を10重量%とを含む、ジメチルアセトアミドとテトラヒドロフランとを9:1で混合した溶液を、中空糸ノズルより連続的に吐出させ、水浴槽にて相分離させることによって多孔質の中空糸膜を得た。得られた中空糸膜の外径は1.2mm、内径は0.8mmであった。
塩素化塩化ビニル系樹脂(積水化学工業株式会社製、HA31K、塩素化度:67%、重合度:800)を20重量%と、ポリビニルピロリドンK90を10重量%とを含むテトラヒドロフラン溶液を、中空糸ノズルより連続的に吐出させ、水浴槽にて相分離させることによって多孔質の中空糸膜を得た。得られた中空糸膜の外径は1.2mm、内径は0.8mmであった。
塩素化塩化ビニル系樹脂(積水化学工業株式会社製、HA15E、塩素化度:62%、重合度:600)を20重量%と、ポリエチレングリコール4000を10重量%とを含むテトラヒドロフラン溶液を、中空糸ノズルより連続的に吐出させ、水浴槽にて相分離させることによって多孔質の中空糸膜を得た。得られた中空糸膜の外径は1.2mm、内径は0.8mmであった。
塩素化塩化ビニル系樹脂(積水化学工業株式会社製、HA15E、塩素化度:62%、重合度:600)を20重量%と、ポリビニルピロリドンK90を10重量%とを含むテトラヒドロフラン溶液を、中空糸ノズルより連続的に吐出させ、水浴槽にて相分離させることによって多孔質の中空糸膜を得た。得られた中空糸膜の外径は1.2mm、内径は0.8mmであった。
塩化ビニル系樹脂(積水化学工業株式会社製、TS1000R、重合度:1000)を15重量%と、ポリエチレングリコール4000を15重量%とを含むジメチルアセトアミド溶液を、中空糸ノズルより連続的に吐出させ、水浴槽で相分離させることで多孔質の中空糸膜を得た。得られた中空糸膜の外径は1.2mm、内径は0.8mmであった。
塩化ビニル系樹脂(積水化学工業株式会社製、TS800E、重合度:800)を20重量%と、ポリエチレングリコール4000を10重量%とを含むテトラヒドロフラン溶液を、中空糸ノズルより連続的に吐出させ、水浴槽で相分離させることで多孔質の中空糸膜を得た。得られた中空糸膜の外径は1.2mm、内径は0.8mmであった。
比較例3
塩化ビニル-酢酸ビニル共重合体樹脂(ダウケミカル社製、VYNS-3、塩化ビニル90wt%-酢酸ビニル10wt%の共重合体)を15重量%と、ポリエチレングリコール4000を15重量%とを含むジメチルアセトアミド溶液を、中空糸ノズルより連続的に吐出させ、水浴槽で相分離させることで多孔質の中空糸膜を得た。得られた中空糸膜の外径は1.2mm、内径は0.8mmであった。
塩化ビニル-酢酸ビニル-無水マレイン酸共重合体樹脂(塩化ビニル70wt%-酢酸ビニル10wt%-無水マレイン酸20wt%の共重合体)を合成した。この樹脂を5重量%と、塩化ビニル樹脂(積水化学工業株式会社製、TS1000R、重合度:1000)を11.5重量%と、ポリエチレングリコール4000を7重量%とを含むジメチルアセトアミド溶液を、中空糸ノズルより連続的に吐出させ、水浴槽で相分離させることで多孔質の中空糸膜を得た。得られた中空糸膜の外径は1.2mm、内径は0.8mmであった。
実施例及び比較例で得られた中空糸膜について、25℃、膜間差圧50kPaの条件で、内圧式試験により高分子水処理膜の純水の透水量(透水量の単位:L/m2・hr・atm)を測定した。
また、島津製作所製オートグラフを用いて、試験速度100mm/min、つかみ具間距離50mm、湿度50%、温度23℃の条件で引張強度試験(強度の単位:MPa)を行った。
これらの結果を表1に示す。
さらに、一部のサンプルを90℃の熱水に6時間浸漬させた後、透水量を再度測定した。この結果を表2に示す。
なお、各高分子水処理膜について、γグロブリンを用いてろ過試験を行ったところ、その分画分子量が約150000以下であることを確認した。
つまり、本発明の高分子水処理膜によれば、高い強度を持ちながら、実用に耐えうる透水性、耐熱性、耐薬品性、柔軟性等の性能を併せもち、広範な条件で使用することができる。
Claims (7)
- 塩素含有率が58~73.2%の塩素化塩化ビニル系樹脂を含んでなることを特徴とする高分子水処理膜。
- 塩素化塩化ビニル系樹脂の重合度が250~3000である請求項1に記載の高分子水処理膜。
- 塩素化塩化ビニル系樹脂が、高分子水処理膜を構成する全樹脂成分に対して30~100重量%含まれる請求項1又は2に記載の高分子水処理膜。
- 主鎖を構成する塩素化塩化ビニルモノマー単位が、主鎖を構成する全モノマー単位に対して、30~100重量%含まれる請求項1~3のいずれか1つに記載の高分子水処理膜。
- 多孔質膜である請求項1~4のいずれか1つに記載の高分子水処理膜。
- 中空糸である請求項1~5のいずれか1つに記載の高分子水処理膜。
- 単層構造の膜からなる請求項1~6のいずれか1つに記載の高分子水処理膜。
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IN941DEN2012 IN2012DN00941A (ja) | 2009-07-06 | 2010-07-05 | |
CN2010800304350A CN102405096A (zh) | 2009-07-06 | 2010-07-05 | 高分子水处理膜 |
AU2010269488A AU2010269488B2 (en) | 2009-07-06 | 2010-07-05 | Polymer membrane for water treatment |
US13/382,204 US8181795B2 (en) | 2009-07-06 | 2010-07-05 | Polymer membrane for water treatment |
EP10797097.2A EP2452741A4 (en) | 2009-07-06 | 2010-07-05 | POLYMERIC MEMBRANE FOR TREATING WATER |
JP2011501039A JP4809503B2 (ja) | 2009-07-06 | 2010-07-05 | 高分子水処理膜 |
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US (1) | US8181795B2 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP2452741A4 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP4809503B2 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN102405096A (ja) |
AU (1) | AU2010269488B2 (ja) |
IN (1) | IN2012DN00941A (ja) |
TW (1) | TWI473648B (ja) |
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Cited By (7)
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JP2013052340A (ja) * | 2011-09-02 | 2013-03-21 | Sekisui Chem Co Ltd | 水処理方法 |
JP2013052339A (ja) * | 2011-09-02 | 2013-03-21 | Sekisui Chem Co Ltd | 水処理方法 |
JP2013086042A (ja) * | 2011-10-20 | 2013-05-13 | Sekisui Chem Co Ltd | 高分子水処理膜 |
JP2015073916A (ja) * | 2013-10-04 | 2015-04-20 | 旭化成ケミカルズ株式会社 | 多孔性中空糸膜及びその製造方法 |
US9193815B2 (en) | 2010-03-04 | 2015-11-24 | Sekisui Chemical Co., Ltd. | Polymer membrane for water treatment and method for manufacture of same |
EP2548632A4 (en) * | 2010-03-04 | 2017-03-15 | Sekisui Chemical Co., Ltd. | Macromolecular water-treatment membrane, manufacturing method therefor, and water treatment method |
WO2017098990A1 (ja) * | 2015-12-11 | 2017-06-15 | 三菱重工環境・化学エンジニアリング株式会社 | 膜分離装置 |
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EP3813991A1 (en) * | 2018-06-27 | 2021-05-05 | Lubrizol Advanced Materials, Inc. | Flat sheet porous pvc membrane |
CN112604513A (zh) * | 2020-12-11 | 2021-04-06 | 广西中科鼎新产业技术研究院有限公司 | 一种七通道氯化聚氯乙烯中空纤维膜及其制备方法 |
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Cited By (10)
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US9193815B2 (en) | 2010-03-04 | 2015-11-24 | Sekisui Chemical Co., Ltd. | Polymer membrane for water treatment and method for manufacture of same |
AU2011221917B2 (en) * | 2010-03-04 | 2015-12-24 | Sekisui Chemical Co., Ltd. | Macromolecular water-treatment membrane and manufacturing method therefor |
EP2548632A4 (en) * | 2010-03-04 | 2017-03-15 | Sekisui Chemical Co., Ltd. | Macromolecular water-treatment membrane, manufacturing method therefor, and water treatment method |
US9855531B2 (en) | 2010-03-04 | 2018-01-02 | Sekisui Chemical Co., Ltd. | Polymer membrane for water treatment and method for manufacture of same, and water treatment method |
JP2013052340A (ja) * | 2011-09-02 | 2013-03-21 | Sekisui Chem Co Ltd | 水処理方法 |
JP2013052339A (ja) * | 2011-09-02 | 2013-03-21 | Sekisui Chem Co Ltd | 水処理方法 |
JP2013086042A (ja) * | 2011-10-20 | 2013-05-13 | Sekisui Chem Co Ltd | 高分子水処理膜 |
JP2015073916A (ja) * | 2013-10-04 | 2015-04-20 | 旭化成ケミカルズ株式会社 | 多孔性中空糸膜及びその製造方法 |
WO2017098990A1 (ja) * | 2015-12-11 | 2017-06-15 | 三菱重工環境・化学エンジニアリング株式会社 | 膜分離装置 |
JP2017104832A (ja) * | 2015-12-11 | 2017-06-15 | 三菱重工環境・化学エンジニアリング株式会社 | 膜分離装置 |
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US8181795B2 (en) | 2012-05-22 |
TWI473648B (zh) | 2015-02-21 |
AU2010269488A1 (en) | 2012-02-09 |
EP2452741A4 (en) | 2013-12-04 |
JP4809503B2 (ja) | 2011-11-09 |
CN102405096A (zh) | 2012-04-04 |
TW201102155A (en) | 2011-01-16 |
US20120097605A1 (en) | 2012-04-26 |
EP2452741A1 (en) | 2012-05-16 |
JPWO2011004786A1 (ja) | 2012-12-20 |
IN2012DN00941A (ja) | 2015-04-03 |
AU2010269488B2 (en) | 2013-07-11 |
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