WO2010126012A1 - エレクトレット材および静電型音響変換器 - Google Patents
エレクトレット材および静電型音響変換器 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2010126012A1 WO2010126012A1 PCT/JP2010/057394 JP2010057394W WO2010126012A1 WO 2010126012 A1 WO2010126012 A1 WO 2010126012A1 JP 2010057394 W JP2010057394 W JP 2010057394W WO 2010126012 A1 WO2010126012 A1 WO 2010126012A1
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- Prior art keywords
- electret
- layer
- electrode plate
- electret material
- dispersion
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- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 63
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 229920001343 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 53
- 239000004810 polytetrafluoroethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 53
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920000840 ethylene tetrafluoroethylene copolymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- -1 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920013653 perfluoroalkoxyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 50
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 20
- 239000011259 mixed solution Substances 0.000 description 16
- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 description 15
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 description 13
- 230000000873 masking effect Effects 0.000 description 13
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 13
- 239000002390 adhesive tape Substances 0.000 description 12
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 11
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 description 11
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 11
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 11
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 description 10
- 239000012153 distilled water Substances 0.000 description 8
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 238000007598 dipping method Methods 0.000 description 7
- 241000282320 Panthera leo Species 0.000 description 6
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229920011301 perfluoro alkoxyl alkane Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000002612 dispersion medium Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005476 soldering Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920006367 Neoflon Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000006850 spacer group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 description 2
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920006361 Polyflon Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010556 emulsion polymerization method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010030 laminating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000000885 nephron Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 235000014593 oils and fats Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910000679 solder Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004528 spin coating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003746 surface roughness Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920005992 thermoplastic resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
- H01G7/00—Capacitors in which the capacitance is varied by non-mechanical means; Processes of their manufacture
- H01G7/02—Electrets, i.e. having a permanently-polarised dielectric
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
- H01G7/00—Capacitors in which the capacitance is varied by non-mechanical means; Processes of their manufacture
- H01G7/02—Electrets, i.e. having a permanently-polarised dielectric
- H01G7/028—Electrets, i.e. having a permanently-polarised dielectric having a heterogeneous dielectric
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
- H04R19/00—Electrostatic transducers
- H04R19/01—Electrostatic transducers characterised by the use of electrets
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
- H04R19/00—Electrostatic transducers
- H04R19/02—Loudspeakers
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an electret material and an electrostatic acoustic transducer including the same.
- electret materials in which an electret layer is formed on an electrode plate have been used in electrostatic acoustic transducers such as earphones, headphones, and microphones.
- ECM electret condenser microphone
- the electret material is disposed facing the front side or the back side of the diaphragm.
- Patent Document 1 describes a method of laminating a thermoplastic resin film capable of forming an electret layer on a metal sheet and converting the film into an electret.
- Patent Document 2 and Patent Document 3 a dispersion liquid in which FEP (specifically, tetrafluoroethylene-hexafluoropropylene copolymer) fine particles are dispersed in a dispersion medium is applied to the back electrode plate and heated. Describes a method for forming a thin film and electretizing the thin film.
- FEP specifically, tetrafluoroethylene-hexafluoropropylene copolymer
- Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 64-44010 Japanese Laid-Open Patent Publication No. 11-150795 Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2000-115895
- an electrostatic acoustic transducer may be mounted on a control board, for example, by soldering using a flow device or a reflow device.
- a flow device or a reflow device for example, soldering using a flow device or a reflow device.
- the conventional electret material when used, there is a problem that the electric charge held by the electret material is lowered when the electrostatic acoustic transducer is mounted. This is presumably because the surface potential of the electret layer is lowered by heating the electret layer to a high temperature during soldering.
- lead-free solder is frequently used recently, the temperature at the time of soldering becomes higher, and there is a possibility that the electric charge held by the electret material may be extremely lowered.
- an object of the present invention is to provide an electret material excellent in heat charge retention and an electrostatic acoustic transducer including the electret material.
- the inventor of the present invention as a result of intensive research to solve the above-mentioned problems, formed a semiconductive layer between the electrode plate and the electret layer with a fluororesin containing carbon, and the reason for this Although it is not clear, it has been found that a decrease in the surface potential of the electret layer when heated to a high temperature can be suppressed.
- the present invention has been made from such a viewpoint.
- the present invention provides an electret material comprising an electrode plate, a semiconductive layer containing carbon and a fluororesin formed on the electrode plate, and an electret layer formed on the semiconductive layer.
- the present invention also provides an electrostatic acoustic transducer comprising the above electret material and a diaphragm facing the electret material.
- FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of an electret material according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a sectional view of an electrostatic acoustic transducer using the electret material shown in FIG.
- FIG. 1 shows an electret material 10 according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- the electret material 10 includes an electrode plate 1, a semiconductive layer 2 formed on the electrode plate 1, and an electret layer 3 formed on the semiconductive layer 2.
- the electrode plate 1 a metal plate made of stainless steel, aluminum, steel, copper, titanium, and alloys thereof can be used.
- the electrode plate 1 may be a metal foil supported on a substrate, for example. That is, the electrode plate of the present invention may be made of a thin metal, and the thickness is not particularly limited. However, the thickness of the electrode plate is preferably 100 to 300 ⁇ m from the demand for downsizing of the electret material 10.
- the electrode plate 1 is preferably free of oils and fats. Further, in order to improve the adhesiveness with the semiconductive layer 2, it is preferable to perform a base treatment on the electrode plate surface.
- the ground treatment is not particularly limited, but a treatment that does not increase the surface roughness of the surface of the electrode plate in order to obtain the uniformity of the thickness of the semiconductive layer 2 and the smoothness of the surface, for example, an anode It is preferable to form a film by oxidation or chemical treatment.
- the semiconductive layer 2 is made of a fluororesin containing carbon.
- the surface resistance of the semiconductive layer 2 is preferably in the range of 1.0 ⁇ 10 8 to 1.0 ⁇ 10 15 ⁇ / ⁇ . If the surface resistance of the semiconductive layer 2 is less than 1.0 ⁇ 10 8 ⁇ / ⁇ or exceeds 1.0 ⁇ 10 15 ⁇ / ⁇ , the surface potential of the electret layer 3 when heated to a high temperature is greatly reduced. Because it does.
- a more preferable surface resistance of the semiconductive layer 2 is in the range of 1.0 ⁇ 10 8 to 1.0 ⁇ 10 12 ⁇ / ⁇ .
- the film thickness of the semiconductive layer 2 is not particularly limited, but is preferably 1 to 25 ⁇ m, more preferably 5 to 15 ⁇ m, due to recent demands for miniaturization of electrostatic acoustic transducers (for example, microphones). preferable.
- fluororesin constituting the semiconductive layer 2 examples include tetrafluoroethylene-hexafluoropropylene copolymer (FEP), tetrafluoroethylene-perfluoroalkoxyethylene copolymer (PFA), and ethylene-tetrafluoroethylene copolymer ( ETFE) and at least one selected from the group consisting of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) can be used.
- FEP tetrafluoroethylene-hexafluoropropylene copolymer
- PFA tetrafluoroethylene-perfluoroalkoxyethylene copolymer
- ETFE ethylene-tetrafluoroethylene copolymer
- PTFE polytetrafluoroethylene
- the electret layer 3 is made of PTFE, and a charge is held on the surface thereof. If the electret layer 3 is made of PTFE, a decrease in surface potential when the temperature becomes higher than when other fluororesins are employed can be suppressed.
- the thickness of the electret layer 3 is preferably 10 to 50 ⁇ m. This is because within this range, the electret material 10 can be reduced in thickness and size while maintaining the characteristics of the electret material 10.
- FIG. 1 An electret material 10 as shown in FIG. 1 is suitably used for an electrostatic acoustic transducer.
- FIG. 2 shows an electrostatic acoustic transducer (ECM) 20 using the electret material 10.
- ECM 20 shown in FIG. 2 is of the back electret type, and the electret material 10 is disposed to face the back surface of the diaphragm 4.
- the ECM 20 is laminated in the shield case 9 from bottom to top, the circuit board 7 on which the IC element 75 is mounted, the IC element 75, the back electrode substrate 6 that supports the electret material 10, and the spacer 5, a diaphragm 4, and a support frame 8.
- the electret material 10 is supported by the back electrode substrate 6 in the space provided by the spacer 5 so that the electret layer 3 faces the back surface of the diaphragm 4.
- This method includes a semiconductive layer forming step, a PTFE layer forming step, and a charging step.
- a first dispersion liquid in which fluororesin fine particles are dispersed in a dispersion medium and a second dispersion liquid in which carbon fine particles are dispersed in a solvent are mixed to prepare a mixed liquid.
- the mixing of the first dispersion and the second dispersion is preferably performed so that the solid content in the second dispersion is, for example, 4 to 10 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of the solid content in the first dispersion. Is 5 to 9 parts by weight.
- the first dispersion for example, a commercially available FEP dispersion or PFA dispersion can be used.
- examples of the FEP dispersion include NEOFRON ND-4 manufactured by Daikin Industries, Ltd.
- examples of the PFA dispersion include NEOFRON AD-2CRE manufactured by Daikin Industries, Ltd.
- a commercially available carbon paste conductive carbon aqueous dispersion
- Lion Paste W-310A manufactured by Lion Corporation may be used.
- the specific gravity of the mixed solution is adjusted to, for example, 1.2 to 1.4 by adding distilled water to the mixed solution.
- the mixed solution After adjusting the specific gravity, apply the mixed solution on the electrode plate.
- a known method can be used to apply the mixed solution onto the electrode plate. For example, it may be performed using a dispenser, or may be performed by a spin coating method or a printing method. Alternatively, the mixed solution may be applied onto the electrode plate by masking one surface of the electrode plate and immersing the electrode plate in the mixed solution (dipping).
- the mixed solution After applying the mixed solution on the electrode plate, the mixed solution is dried to remove the dispersion medium from the mixed solution. Drying is performed, for example, by placing the electrode plate coated with the mixed solution in a temperature (for example, 180 ° C.) environment lower than the melting point of the fluororesin for a predetermined time (for example, 10 minutes).
- a temperature for example, 180 ° C.
- the fluororesin fine particles are fired. Firing is performed, for example, by placing an electrode plate carrying the dried mixed liquid (fluororesin fine particles and carbon fine particles) in an environment at a temperature equal to or higher than the melting point of the fluororesin (eg, 360 ° C.) for a predetermined time (eg, 10 minutes). Do. As a result, a semiconductive layer made of a fluororesin containing carbon is formed on the electrode plate. After firing, the whole is cooled to room temperature.
- a third dispersion in which PTFE fine particles are dispersed in a dispersion medium is prepared, and the specific gravity of the third dispersion is adjusted to, for example, 1.4 to 1.5 with distilled water.
- the third dispersion various commercially available products prepared by an emulsion polymerization method are on the market, and these can be used.
- polyflon D-1 manufactured by Daikin Industries, full-on AD911L manufactured by Asahi Glass may be used.
- the third dispersion is applied to the surface on the semiconductive layer side of the laminate composed of the semiconductive layer and the electrode plate, that is, the semiconductive layer.
- coating of the 3rd dispersion liquid on a semiconductive layer can be performed by the method similar to the liquid mixture mentioned above.
- the third dispersion is dried to remove the dispersion medium from the third dispersion. Drying is performed, for example, by placing the laminate coated with the third dispersion in a temperature (for example, 180 ° C.) below the melting point of PTFE for a predetermined time (for example, 10 minutes).
- the PTFE fine particles are fired. Firing is performed, for example, by placing the laminated body carrying the dried third dispersion (PTFE fine particles) in an environment at a temperature equal to or higher than the melting point of PTFE (eg, 360 ° C.) for a predetermined time (eg, 10 minutes). Thereby, a PTFE layer is formed on the semiconductive layer. After firing, the whole is cooled to room temperature.
- a temperature equal to or higher than the melting point of PTFE eg, 360 ° C.
- a predetermined time eg, 10 minutes
- a PTFE film may be thermocompression bonded to the surface on the semiconductive layer side of the laminate using a hot press.
- Charging process In the charging step, the surface of the PTFE layer is charged and the PTFE layer is used as an electret layer.
- the charging process is performed by polarization-charging the surface of the PTFE layer by, for example, corona discharge.
- a plurality of electret materials may be manufactured collectively up to the PTFE forming process and cut into individual sizes before the charging process.
- an aging process may be performed after the charging step.
- Example 1 A commercially available FEP dispersion (Neoflon ND-4 (solid content concentration 40 wt%) manufactured by Daikin Industries, Ltd.) and a commercially available carbon paste (Lion paste Lion paste W-310A (solid content concentration 17.5 wt%)) manufactured by FEP After mixing so that the solid content in a carbon paste might be 8 weight part with respect to 100 weight part of solid content in a dispersion, it stirred, and the liquid mixture was prepared. Next, the specific gravity of the mixed solution was adjusted to 1.30 with distilled water.
- a commercially available aluminum foil having a thickness of 200 ⁇ m (made by Toyo Aluminum Co., Ltd., rough surface soft foil) was used as an electrode plate, and one surface of this electrode plate was masked with a masking adhesive tape.
- This electrode plate was passed through the prepared liquid mixture at a dipping rate of 200 mm / min, and the liquid mixture was applied to one side of the electrode plate.
- the electrode plate was placed in an environment of 180 ° C. for 10 minutes to dry the mixed solution, and then the masking adhesive tape was peeled off. Thereafter, the FEP fine particles were fired by placing the electrode plate in an environment of 360 ° C. for 10 minutes. Thereby, a semiconductive layer having a film thickness of 15 ⁇ m made of FEP containing carbon was formed on the electrode plate having a thickness of 200 ⁇ m. After firing, the whole was cooled to room temperature.
- distilled water was added to a commercially available PTFE dispersion (Fullon AD911L (solid content concentration: 60 wt%) manufactured by Asahi Glass Co., Ltd.) to adjust the specific gravity to 1.50.
- the electrode plate side surface of the laminate composed of the semiconductive layer and the electrode plate is masked with a masking adhesive tape, and this laminate is passed through the PTFE dispersion at a dipping speed of 100 mm / min. Dispersion was applied.
- the PTFE dispersion was dried for 10 minutes in a 180 ° C. environment, and then the masking adhesive tape was peeled off. Thereafter, the PTFE fine particles were fired by placing the laminate in an environment of 360 ° C. for 10 minutes.
- a PTFE layer having a thickness of 25 ⁇ m was formed on the semiconductive layer. After firing, the whole was cooled to room temperature.
- the electret material was obtained using the PTFE layer as the electret layer by polarization-charging the surface of the PTFE layer by negative corona discharge at 25 ° C.
- Example 2 An electret material was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the specific gravity of the PTFE dispersion applied on the semiconductive layer was adjusted to 1.40, and a PTFE layer having a thickness of 15 ⁇ m was formed.
- Example 3 An electret material was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the FEP dispersion and the carbon paste were mixed so that the solid content in the carbon paste was 6 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of the solid content in the FEP dispersion. .
- Example 4 A commercially available PFA dispersion (Neoflon AD-2CRE (solid content concentration 40 wt%) manufactured by Daikin Industries, Ltd.) and a commercially available carbon paste (Lion paste W-310A (solid content concentration 17.5 wt%) manufactured by Lion Corp.) After mixing so that the solid content in a carbon paste might be 8 weight part with respect to 100 weight part of solid content in a dispersion, it stirred, and the liquid mixture was prepared. Next, the specific gravity of the mixed solution was adjusted to 1.30 with distilled water.
- a commercially available aluminum foil having a thickness of 200 ⁇ m (made by Toyo Aluminum Co., Ltd., rough surface soft foil) was used as an electrode plate, and one surface of this electrode plate was masked with a masking adhesive tape.
- the electrode plate was passed through the prepared mixed solution at a dipping rate of 200 mm / min, and the mixed solution was applied to one side of the electrode plate.
- the electrode plate was placed in an environment of 180 ° C. for 10 minutes to dry the mixed solution, and then the masking adhesive tape was peeled off.
- the PFA fine particles were baked by placing the electrode plate in an environment of 360 ° C. for 10 minutes. Thereby, a semiconductive layer having a film thickness of 15 ⁇ m made of PFA containing carbon was formed on an electrode plate having a thickness of 200 ⁇ m. After firing, the whole was cooled to room temperature.
- a commercially available PTFE film (No. 900-UL manufactured by Nitto Denko Corporation) having a thickness of 25 ⁇ m is thermocompression-bonded on the surface of the laminate composed of the semiconductive layer and the electrode plate using a hot press ( The temperature was 360 ° C. and the pressure was 490 kPa), and a PTFE layer having a thickness of 25 ⁇ m was formed on the semiconductive layer.
- the electret material was obtained using the PTFE layer as the electret layer by polarization-charging the surface of the PTFE layer by negative corona discharge at 25 ° C.
- Example 5 After a laminated body composed of a semiconductive layer and an electrode plate was produced in the same manner as in Example 1, a commercially available PTFE film (No. 900 manufactured by Nitto Denko Corporation) having a thickness of 50 ⁇ m was formed on the surface of the laminated body on the semiconductive layer side. -UL) was hot-pressed using a hot press (temperature 360 ° C., pressure 490 kPa) to form a PTFE layer having a thickness of 50 ⁇ m on the semiconductive layer.
- a hot press temperature 360 ° C., pressure 490 kPa
- the electret material was obtained using the PTFE layer as the electret layer by polarization-charging the surface of the PTFE layer by negative corona discharge at 25 ° C.
- Example 6 An electret material was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the FEP dispersion and the carbon paste were mixed so that the solid content in the carbon paste was 10 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of the solid content in the FEP dispersion. .
- Example 7 An electret material was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the FEP dispersion and the carbon paste were mixed so that the solid content in the carbon paste was 4 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of the solid content in the FEP dispersion. .
- a PTFE layer having a film thickness of 25 ⁇ m was formed on the electrode plate having a thickness of 200 ⁇ m.
- the electret material was obtained by polarization-charging the surface of the PTFE layer by negative corona discharge at 25 ° C.
- Comparative Example 2 A commercially available 25 ⁇ m thick PTFE film (No. 900-UL manufactured by Nitto Denko Corporation) is hot-pressed on a commercially available 200 ⁇ m thick aluminum foil (manufactured by Toyo Aluminum Co., Ltd., rough surface soft foil) using a hot press (temperature: 360 ° C., After the pressure was 490 kPa), the electret material was obtained by polarization-charging the surface of the PTFE film by negative corona discharge at 25 ° C.
- distilled water was added to a commercially available PTFE dispersion (Fullon AD911L (solid content concentration: 60 wt%) manufactured by Asahi Glass Co., Ltd.) to adjust the specific gravity to 1.50.
- the electrode plate side surface of the laminate composed of the FEP layer and the electrode plate is masked with a masking adhesive tape, and this laminate is passed through the PTFE dispersion at a dipping speed of 100 mm / min. Was applied.
- the PTFE dispersion was dried for 10 minutes in a 180 ° C. environment, and then the masking adhesive tape was peeled off. Thereafter, the PTFE fine particles were fired by placing the laminate in an environment of 360 ° C. for 10 minutes. Thereby, a PTFE layer having a film thickness of 25 ⁇ m was formed on the FEP layer. After firing, the whole was cooled to room temperature.
- the electret material was obtained by polarization-charging the surface of the PTFE layer by negative corona discharge at 25 ° C.
- the surface potential residual rate of the electret layer was measured as follows for all the electret materials of Examples and Comparative Examples.
- the surface potential of the electret layer immediately after the charging treatment was measured with a surface potential meter (MONROE ELECTRONICS Model 244).
- the electret material was placed in an environment of 210 ° C. for 30 minutes (load test), and the surface potential of the electret material thereafter was measured in the same manner. This operation was repeated three times. Then, the ratio of the surface potential after the first to third load tests with the surface potential of the electret material immediately after the charging treatment as a reference (100%) was calculated as the surface potential remaining rate (%).
- the surface potential residual rate is less than 30% even after the first load test. It has dropped to.
- the surface potential remaining rate after the first load test exceeds 30% and is heated to a high temperature. It can be seen that a decrease in the surface potential of the electret layer is suppressed.
- the electret material of Example 6 in which the surface resistance of the semiconductive layer is less than 1.0 ⁇ 10 8 ⁇ / ⁇ and the electret material of Example 7 in which the surface resistance is more than 1.0 ⁇ 10 15 ⁇ / ⁇ the first time Example in which the surface potential remaining rate falls below 40% after the load test, but the surface resistance of the semiconductive layer is in the range of 1.0 ⁇ 10 8 ⁇ / ⁇ to 1.0 ⁇ 10 15 ⁇ / ⁇
- the surface potential remaining rate is kept extremely high even after the third load test.
- the electret material of the present invention is suitably used for an electrostatic acoustic transducer.
- the electrostatic acoustic transducer includes a hearing aid, an ultrasonic sensor, an acceleration sensor, and the like in addition to a microphone, an earphone, and a headphone.
- Electrode plate 1
- Semiconductive layer 2
- Electret layer 4
- Diaphragm 10
- Electret material 20
- ECM electrostatic acoustic transducer
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Abstract
Description
半導電層形成工程では、まず、フッ素樹脂微粒子を分散媒に分散させた第1分散液とカーボン微粒子を溶媒に分散させた第2分散液とを混合して混合液を調製する。第1分散液と第2分散液との混合は、第1分散液中の固形分100重量部に対して第2分散液中の固形分が例えば4~10重量部となるように行い、好ましくは5~9重量部となるようにする。
PTFE層形成工程では、まず、PTFE微粒子を分散媒に分散させた第3分散液を用意し、この第3分散液の比重を蒸留水により例えば1.4~1.5に調整する。第3分散液としては、乳化重合法により作製された種々の市販品が出回っており、これらを利用することができる。例えば、ダイキン工業社製のポリフロンD-1、旭硝子社製のフルオンAD911L等を使用すればよい。
帯電工程では、PTFE層の表面に帯電処理を施して、PTFE層をエレクトレット層とする。帯電処理は、PTFE層の表面を例えばコロナ放電等により分極帯電させることによって行う。
市販のFEPディスパージョン(ダイキン工業社製ネオフロンND-4(固形分濃度40wt%))と市販のカーボンペースト(ライオン社製ライオンペーストW-310A(固形分濃度17.5wt%))とを、FEPディスパージョン中の固形分100重量部に対しカーボンペースト中の固形分が8重量部となるように混合した後に攪拌して、混合液を調製した。ついで、混合液の比重を蒸留水により1.30に調整した。
半導電層上に塗布するPTFEディスパージョンの比重を1.40に調整し、厚さ15μmのPTFE層を形成した以外は実施例1と同様にしてエレクトレット材を得た。
FEPディスパージョン中の固形分100重量部に対しカーボンペースト中の固形分が6重量部となるようにFEPディスパージョンとカーボンペーストとを混合した以外は実施例1と同様にしてエレクトレット材を得た。
市販のPFAディスパージョン(ダイキン工業社製ネオフロンAD-2CRE(固形分濃度40wt%))と市販のカーボンペースト(ライオン社製ライオンペーストW-310A(固形分濃度17.5wt%))とを、PFAディスパージョン中の固形分100重量部に対しカーボンペースト中の固形分が8重量部となるように混合した後に攪拌して、混合液を調製した。ついで、混合液の比重を蒸留水により1.30に調整した。
実施例1と同様にして半導電層および電極板からなる積層体を作製した後、この積層体の半導電層側の面に、市販の厚さ50μmのPTFEフィルム(日東電工社製No.900-UL)を熱プレスを用いて熱圧着(温度360℃、圧力490kPa)し、半導電層上に膜厚50μmのPTFE層を形成した。
FEPディスパージョン中の固形分100重量部に対しカーボンペースト中の固形分が10重量部となるようにFEPディスパージョンとカーボンペーストとを混合した以外は実施例1と同様にしてエレクトレット材を得た。
FEPディスパージョン中の固形分100重量部に対しカーボンペースト中の固形分が4重量部となるようにFEPディスパージョンとカーボンペーストとを混合した以外は実施例1と同様にしてエレクトレット材を得た。
市販のPTFEディスパージョン(旭硝子社製フルオンAD911L(固形分濃度60wt%))に蒸留水を加えて比重を1.50に調整した。電極板として市販の厚さ200μmアルミニウム箔(東洋アルミニウム社製、粗面軟質箔)を用い、この電極板の片面をマスキング粘着テープでマスキングした。この電極板をPTFEディスパージョン中にディッピング速度100mm/分で通過させ、電極板の片面にPTFEディスパージョンを塗布した。ついで、電極板を180℃の環境下に10分間おいてPTFEディスパージョンを乾燥させた後、マスキング粘着テープを剥がした。その後、電極板を360℃の環境下に10分間おいてPTFE微粒子を焼成した。焼成後は、全体を常温まで冷却した。これにより、厚さ200μmの電極板上に膜厚25μmのPTFE層を形成した。
市販の厚さ200μmアルミニウム箔(東洋アルミニウム社製、粗面軟質箔)に、市販の厚さ25μmPTFEフィルム(日東電工社製No.900-UL)を熱プレスを用いて熱圧着(温度360℃、圧力490kPa)した後に、25℃でマイナスのコロナ放電によりPTFEフィルムの表面を分極帯電させることにより、エレクトレット材を得た。
市販のFEPディスパージョン(ダイキン工業社製ネオフロンND-4(固形分濃度40wt%))に蒸留水を加えて比重を1.30に調整した。電極板として市販の厚さ200μmアルミニウム箔(東洋アルミニウム社製、粗面軟質箔)を用い、この電極板の片面をマスキング粘着テープでマスキングした。この電極板をFEPディスパージョン中にディッピング速度200mm/分で通過させ、電極板の片面にFEPディスパージョンを塗布した。ついで、電極板を180℃の環境下に10分間おいてFEPディスパージョンを乾燥させた後、マスキング粘着テープを剥がした。その後、電極板を360℃の環境下に10分間おいてFEP微粒子を焼成した。これにより、厚さ200μmの電極板上に膜厚15μmのFEP層を形成した。焼成後は、全体を常温まで冷却した。
実施例1~7のエレクトレット材を製造する途中で、半導電層を形成した後に、半導電層の表面抵抗を、三菱化学社製ハイレスタ(MCP-HT450型)を用いて測定した。
なお、半導電層の表面抵抗が1.0×108Ω/□を下回る実施例6のエレクトレット材、および1.0×1015Ω/□を上回る実施例7のエレクトレット材では、1回目の負荷試験後で表面電位残存率が40%を下回ってしまうが、半導電層の表面抵抗が1.0×108Ω/□~1.0×1015Ω/□の範囲内である実施例1~5のエレクトレット材では、3回目の負荷試験後でも表面電位残存率が極めて高く保たれている。
2 半導電層
3 エレクトレット層
4 振動板
10 エレクトレット材
20 ECM(静電型音響変換器)
Claims (7)
- 電極板と、
前記電極板上に形成された、カーボンとフッ素樹脂を含む半導電層と、
前記半導電層上に形成されたエレクトレット層と、
を備える、エレクトレット材。 - 前記半導電層の表面抵抗が1.0×108~1.0×1015Ω/□の範囲内である、請求項1に記載のエレクトレット材。
- 前記半導電層の膜厚は1~25μmである、請求項1または2に記載のエレクトレット材。
- 前記フッ素樹脂は、テトラフルオロエチレン-ヘキサフルオロプロピレン共重合体、テトラフルオロエチレン-パーフルオロアルコキシエチレン共重合体、エチレン-テトラフルオロエチレン共重合体、およびポリテトラフルオロエチレンからなる群より選ばれる少なくとも1種である、請求項1~3のいずれか一項に記載のエレクトレット材。
- 前記エレクトレット層は、ポリテトラフルオロエチレンで構成されている、請求項1~4のいずれか一項に記載のエレクトレット材。
- 前記エレクトレット層の膜厚は10~50μmである、請求項1~5のいずれか一項に記載のエレクトレット材。
- 請求項1~6のいずれか一項に記載のエレクトレット材と、このエレクトレット材と対向する振動板と、を備える、静電型音響変換器。
Priority Applications (4)
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US13/131,970 US8971553B2 (en) | 2009-04-27 | 2010-04-26 | Electret material and electrostatic-type acoustic transducer |
CN2010800034262A CN102227789A (zh) | 2009-04-27 | 2010-04-26 | 驻极体材料和静电型声音变换器 |
KR1020117012472A KR101596536B1 (ko) | 2009-04-27 | 2010-04-26 | 일렉트릿재 및 정전형 음향 변환기 |
EP10769710.4A EP2426683A4 (en) | 2009-04-27 | 2010-04-26 | ELECTRET MATERIAL AND ACOUSTIC TRANSDUCER OF ELECTROSTATIC TYPE |
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JP2009107762 | 2009-04-27 | ||
JP2009-107762 | 2009-04-27 |
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WO2010126012A1 true WO2010126012A1 (ja) | 2010-11-04 |
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PCT/JP2010/057394 WO2010126012A1 (ja) | 2009-04-27 | 2010-04-26 | エレクトレット材および静電型音響変換器 |
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US (1) | US8971553B2 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP2426683A4 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP5705454B2 (ja) |
KR (1) | KR101596536B1 (ja) |
CN (2) | CN102227789A (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2010126012A1 (ja) |
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KR101291745B1 (ko) * | 2012-05-11 | 2013-07-31 | 포항공과대학교 산학협력단 | 전계 효과 트랜지스터형 센서 |
DE102014208645A1 (de) * | 2014-05-08 | 2015-11-12 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Verfahren zur Herstellung eines mehrschichtigen Elektret-Bauteils |
WO2016144039A1 (en) | 2015-03-06 | 2016-09-15 | Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. | Circuit element package, manufacturing method thereof, and manufacturing apparatus thereof |
US10477737B2 (en) | 2016-05-04 | 2019-11-12 | Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. | Manufacturing method of a hollow shielding structure for circuit elements |
US10477687B2 (en) | 2016-08-04 | 2019-11-12 | Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. | Manufacturing method for EMI shielding structure |
KR102551657B1 (ko) * | 2016-12-12 | 2023-07-06 | 삼성전자주식회사 | 전자파 차폐구조 및 그 제조방법 |
US10594020B2 (en) | 2017-07-19 | 2020-03-17 | Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. | Electronic device having antenna element and method for manufacturing the same |
CN107478320B (zh) * | 2017-08-23 | 2019-11-05 | 京东方科技集团股份有限公司 | 晶体管声传感元件及其制备方法、声传感器和便携设备 |
KR102373931B1 (ko) | 2017-09-08 | 2022-03-14 | 삼성전자주식회사 | 전자파 차폐구조 |
RU181900U1 (ru) * | 2018-04-16 | 2018-07-26 | Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "Волгоградский государственный технический университет" (ВолгГТУ) | Устройство для изготовления электретов |
US20230412970A1 (en) * | 2020-10-09 | 2023-12-21 | The Johns Hopkins University | Impedance-matched acoustic transducer |
CN115589761B (zh) * | 2022-12-12 | 2023-03-10 | 杭州兆华电子股份有限公司 | 一种多孔压电驻极体的制备方法 |
CN115602451B (zh) * | 2022-12-16 | 2023-03-21 | 杭州兆华电子股份有限公司 | 一种多孔复合驻极体制备方法 |
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- 2010-04-26 KR KR1020117012472A patent/KR101596536B1/ko not_active IP Right Cessation
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- 2010-04-26 US US13/131,970 patent/US8971553B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2010-04-26 EP EP10769710.4A patent/EP2426683A4/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2010-04-26 CN CN2013103114705A patent/CN103474241A/zh active Pending
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Also Published As
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CN103474241A (zh) | 2013-12-25 |
US8971553B2 (en) | 2015-03-03 |
JP5705454B2 (ja) | 2015-04-22 |
EP2426683A1 (en) | 2012-03-07 |
JP2010279024A (ja) | 2010-12-09 |
US20110249834A1 (en) | 2011-10-13 |
KR20120011837A (ko) | 2012-02-08 |
KR101596536B1 (ko) | 2016-02-22 |
CN102227789A (zh) | 2011-10-26 |
EP2426683A4 (en) | 2015-08-26 |
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