Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • C09C—TREATMENT OF INORGANIC MATERIALS, OTHER THAN FIBROUS FILLERS, TO ENHANCE THEIR PIGMENTING OR FILLING PROPERTIES ; PREPARATION OF CARBON BLACK  ; PREPARATION OF INORGANIC MATERIALS WHICH ARE NO SINGLE CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS AND WHICH ARE MAINLY USED AS PIGMENTS OR FILLERS
  • C09C1/00—Treatment of specific inorganic materials other than fibrous fillers; Preparation of carbon black
  • C09C1/28—Compounds of silicon
  • C09C1/30—Silicic acid
  • C09C1/3081—Treatment with organo-silicon compounds
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C07F—ACYCLIC, CARBOCYCLIC OR HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS CONTAINING ELEMENTS OTHER THAN CARBON, HYDROGEN, HALOGEN, OXYGEN, NITROGEN, SULFUR, SELENIUM OR TELLURIUM
  • C07F7/00—Compounds containing elements of Groups 4 or 14 of the Periodic Table
  • C07F7/02—Silicon compounds
  • C07F7/08—Compounds having one or more C—Si linkages
  • C07F7/18—Compounds having one or more C—Si linkages as well as one or more C—O—Si linkages
  • C07F7/1804—Compounds having Si-O-C linkages
  • C07F7/1872—Preparation; Treatments not provided for in C07F7/20
  • C07F7/1892—Preparation; Treatments not provided for in C07F7/20 by reactions not provided for in C07F7/1876 - C07F7/1888
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
  • C01P2006/00—Physical properties of inorganic compounds
  • C01P2006/11—Powder tap density

Definitions

• the invention relates to a novel aqueous composition and process for its preparation comprising quaternary amino-functional, organosilicon compounds, in particular in the form of oligomers and polymers, which may be partially hydrolyzed to fully hydrolyzed, and in particular water-soluble, and the compositions have only a very low VOC Share and their use, in particular - but not exclusively - in paper coating slips, for the cationization of I n kjet coatings, for finishing fiber materials and / or textiles, for improving the dyeability of substrates, for example in textile fibers, yarns, paper , Films or even correspondingly coated substrates, for inhibiting or inhibiting the growth of microorganisms or an electrostatic charge, to mention only a few particularly advantageous applications.
• organofunctional alkoxysilanes with a quaternary nitrogen function i. H. with a cationic an organofunctionalized nitrogen-containing group
• the quaternary nitrogen has a cationic functionality regardless of the pH. So far, their preparation was only possible by expensive processes, for example under elevated pressure in an autoclave.
• Another disadvantage of these alkoxysilanes is the release of hydrolysis alcohols into the environment during their use of the known water-based application solutions.
• DE 881654 discloses the preparation of quaternary silanes in an autoclave under anhydrous conditions. Further processes disclose NL 6517163 for the preparation of quaternary methylarylsilanes, DE 1262272 discloses the preparation of corresponding silicones. Also DE 2221349, DE 2648240, US 4035411, US 4005118 and US 4005119 disclose processes for the preparation of quaternary silanes. The use of quaternary amino-functional alkoxysilanes for inhibiting the growth of microorganisms is described in DE 2222997, DE 2229580 and DE 2408192.
• EP 0054748 discloses a process in which, for example, 3-chloropropyltrimethoxysilane is reacted with aqueous trimethylamine as the tertiary amine in an autoclave under elevated pressure.
• the reaction requires due to the necessary high reaction temperature of 120 0 C and higher addition of a reaction under elevated pressure in an autoclave.
• the water-based formulations contain significant amounts of VOC.
• Examples 4, 5 and 11 are based on bromo or iodoalkyl-functional organosilanes and can be considered as technically irrelevant because of the environmental problems of the remaining counteranions iodide and bromide.
• a commercial quaternary silane is used (AEM 5772, Aegis antimicrobial agent, active ingredient: 3- (trimethoxysilyl) propyldimethyl-octadecyl ammonium chlorides), which contains 12% methanol.
• No. 4,845,256 discloses a process for preparing quaternary silanes alkaline earth iodide catalysts for the reaction of chloroalkyl-functional alkoxysilanes and tertiary amines. Although the process described runs under atmospheric pressure at a temperature of 100 0 C, but it is disadvantageous in two ways.
• Example 1 For one thing, for the Environmentally problematic Erdalkalijodide used in significant quantities and on the other contain the aqueous application solutions significant amounts of VOC, such as hydrolysis methanol and glycols, which are used in the local process and remain in the application solution.
• VOC such as hydrolysis methanol and glycols
• the product described in Example 1 produces in an aqueous application solution more than 50% VOC (based on the solution used of the quaternary methoxysilane [3- (trimethoxysilyl) propyl-decyl-dimethyl-ammonium chlorides] dissolved in propylene glycol monomethyl ether).
• WO 2005/009745 A2 discloses cationic aluminum oxide particles with amino-functional silanes.
• US 20030175451 relates to the coating of silica with silanes to improve performance in inkjet applications.
• US 20050170109 discloses the treatment of silica with aminoalkoxysilanes and their use for inkjet papers, and DE 10 2007 012578 A1 discloses the preparation of cationic silica dispersions using primary, secondary or tertiary aminosilanes and their use for coatings.
• WO 2005/009745 A2 US 2005/170109 A1 and US 2003/175451 generally mention the possibility of using a quaternary amino-functional alkoxysilane, such as thmethoxysilanepropyl-N, N, N-trimethylammonium chloride, or a silane substituted by N, N, N-tributylammonium chloride , Concrete examples are not disclosed.
• a quaternary amino-functional alkoxysilane such as thmethoxysilanepropyl-N, N, N-trimethylammonium chloride, or a silane substituted by N, N, N-tributylammonium chloride , Concrete examples are not disclosed.
• Paper coating slips determine their viscosity and solids content. The higher the viscosity, the more complex the processing, while at the same time
• VOC-reduced quaternary amino-functional organosilicon compounds which enable the setting of a low viscosity with a high solids content of dispersions, for example silica dispersions, in particular of paper coating slips.
• the object of the present invention was to provide VOC-reduced quaternaryamino-functional, organosilicon compounds or compositions containing them and an economical process for their preparation, which preferably permits economic adjustment of the desired viscosity and of the solids content in the process.
• the object could be achieved by reacting haloalkyl-functional alkoxysilanes, optionally together with other organofunctional silicon compounds, such as organofunctional alkoxysilanes and / or condensable oligomeric or polymeric organofunctional silicon compounds, together with tertiary amines in the presence or with the addition of a defined amount of water and the formed Hydrolyseal kohol partially removed to m, preferably, the hydrolysis alcohol is substantially completely removed.
• organofunctional silicon compounds such as organofunctional alkoxysilanes and / or condensable oligomeric or polymeric organofunctional silicon compounds
• the quaternization reaction taking place and at least partial hydrolysis and optionally partial condensation, ie including co-condensation or block condensation, is advantageously carried out under temperature control, ie heating or cooling is carried out as required, and the reaction mixture is also suitably stirred.
• This is from an originally tertiary organofunctional substituted Nitrogen atom of the tertiary amine, a quaternary nitrogen atom, in particular to form the invention obtainable oligomeric or polymeric quaternary amino-functional organosilicon compounds, which are explained in more detail below.
• hydrolysis alcohol formed during or after the hydrolysis reaction can be removed from the aqueous reaction mixture by distillation and water is added again as needed, according to the invention an aqueous solution of said quaternary amino-functional, organosilicon compounds which is suitable or ready for use, preferably quaternary alkylammonium-functional, organosilicon compounds (hereinafter also referred to as composition or silane system for short).
• Present compositions advantageously have a VOC content of well below 12% by weight to 0% by weight, based on the total composition.
• the content of volatile organic compounds (VOCs), in particular solvents, such as hydrolysis alcohol, in a composition according to the invention is preferably below 5% by weight, more preferably below 2% by weight, most preferably below 1% by weight, in particular of 0.001 to 0.5 wt .-%, based on the total composition. Therefore, present compositions are also referred to below as VOC-free.
• the quaternary aminoalkyl-functional compounds containing silicon organic compounds according to the invention can be diluted with water in virtually any ratio, in particular between 1: 100 to 100: 1 and in all ratios lying therebetween.
• the quaternary amino-functional, organosilicon compounds may in particular be oligomeric or polymeric organosilicon compounds which have at least one quaternary aminoalkyl-functional radical per molecule, in particular a quaternary alkylammonium-functional radical, at least one of the aminoalkyl radicals comprising a silicon atom, in particular a silanol radical.
• the invention advantageously enables the provision of novel VOC-reduced (volatile organic compound) organofunctional silane systems, hereinafter referred to as compositions, having a quaternary nitrogen function (NR 4 + , where R groups may be the same or different and at least one R group is silylated and R is a C atom is covalently bonded to N), which can be advantageously provided at normal pressure and in high yield.
• At least one radical R comprises silicon-organic groups, optionally R may also contain further heteroatoms.
• the silane system according to the invention can have linear, branched, cyclic and / or spatially crosslinked structures or structural regions with M, D, T structures or even as a function of the preparation process Q structures. For example, when adding tetraalkoxysilane to the reaction mixture.
• Condensation products in the context of the invention are both homo- and co-condensation products from the reaction of hydrolyzed alkoxysilanes, silanols, oligomeric or polymeric Si-OH group-containing silicon compounds or organosilicon compounds, as well as condensation products involving block co-condensates.
• reaction according to the invention can be carried out practically simultaneously in a reaction mixture at relatively low reaction temperatures below 100 ° C. and thus particularly advantageously.
• Another particular advantage of the process according to the invention is that the reaction can proceed at atmospheric pressure at these relatively low temperatures. Therefore, it can preferably be dispensed with the use of expensive and expensive to operate autoclave in the inventive method, because depending on the tertiary amines used and their boiling point, the reaction is advantageously carried out at atmospheric pressure when the boiling point of the amines above the reaction temperature lies.
• the boiling point of the tertiary amines used, in particular of the formula II, as explained below, is preferably above 85 ° C., more preferably above 100 ° C., in particular above 120 ° C.
• groups R 1 are identical or different and R 1 is a hydrogen, a linear, branched or cyclic alkyl group having 1 to 8 C atoms, an aryl, arylalkyl or acyl group
• groups R 2 are identical or different and R 2 is a linear, branched or cyclic alkyl group having 1 to 8 C atoms, an aryl, arylalkyl or
• R 3 are identical or different and R 2 is a linear, branched or cyclic Al kylengru ppe m it with 1 to 1 8 C-atoms, ie a bivalent alkyl group having 1 to 18 carbon atoms, while the alkylene group may be substituted or olefinic CC linkages, preferably -CH 2 -, - (CH 2 ) 2 -, -CH 2 CH (CH 3 ) -, n is 0 or 1 and Hal is chlorine or
• groups R 4 are the same or different and R 4 is a group (R 1 0) 3 - x -y (R 2) x Si [(3 R J n CH 2 -] i + y wherein R 1, R 2, R 3 , n, x, y and (x + y) also have the abovementioned meaning, or represents a linear, branched or cyclic alkyl group having 1 to 30 carbon atoms, which may also be substituted, preferably with at least one Group from the group -N (R 5 ) 2 , wherein groups R 5 are identical or different and R 5 is a hydrogen, a linear, branched or cyclic alkyl group having 1 to 8 C atoms, an aminoalkyl group or (R 1 0) 3 -x- y (R 2 ) ⁇ Si [(R 3 J n CH 2 -] 1 + y ,
• the present invention thus provides a process for preparing a composition containing quaternary amino-functional, organosilicon compounds, which is characterized in that - as component A
• groups R 1 are identical or different and R 1 is a hydrogen, a linear, branched or cyclic alkyl group having 1 to 8 C atoms, an aryl, arylalkyl or acyl group
• groups R 2 are identical or different and R 2 is a linear, branched or cyclic alkyl group having 1 to 8 C atoms, an aryl, arylalkyl or
• Groups R 3 are the same or different and R 2 is a linear, branched or cyclic alkylene group having 1 to 18 C atoms, n is 0 or 1 and Hal is chlorine or bromine, and x is 0, 1 or 2, y are 0, 1 or 2 and (x + y) are 0, 1 or 2,
• groups R 4 are the same or different and R 4 is a group (R 1 0) 3 - x -y (R 2) x Si [(3 R J n CH 2 -] i + y wherein R 1, R 2, R 3 , n, x, y and (x + y) also have the abovementioned meaning, or for a linear, branched or cyclic
• Alkyl group having 1 to 30 carbon atoms which may also be substituted, wherein optionally two groups R 4 are in turn linked together and form a cycle with the nitrogen of the tertiary amine,
• a silane of the formula I in particular a chloroalkyl-functional silane, if appropriate its hydrolysis and / or condensation product, is advantageously mixed with a tertiary amine of the formula II in the presence of from 0.5 to 500 mol of water per mole of silicon atoms Quaternization takes place - on the nitrogen atom - and at least partial hydrolysis and optionally condensation (of the alkoxysilanes to silanol groups, followed by condensation to form Si-O-Si bridges) - the compounds of formula I and II.
• the reaction in a kind of "one-pot reaction”, for example batchwise, are carried out, wherein during the reaction already hydrolyzed alcohol distilled off and substantially simultaneously water can be replenished.
• the pressure in the reaction vessel can also be lowered with increasing reaction time, ie. that is, the volatile organic components, in particular the resulting hydrolysis alcohol, under reduced pressure, at least partially removed by distillation from the system.
• At least one further hydrolyzable silicon compound can be added to the reaction mixture of components A and B as further reactant component C, preferably an organoalkoxy-functional silicon compound, its hydrolysis, homo-, co-, block co-condensate or mixtures of these enforce.
• Quaternary nitrogen compounds such as an N-alkyl pyrimidinium compound are available.
• the process is carried out in the presence, in particular with the addition of a defined amount of water, more preferably 5 to 25 moles of water per mole of silicon atoms being added, preferably 10 to 20 moles of water per mole of silicon atoms, more preferably 12 to 17 moles of water per mole of silicon atoms.
• the water can be added continuously or discontinuously, wherein it has been found to be particularly advantageous if the water is added batchwise, preferably batchwise, in 1 to 10 batches, preferably in 2 to 5 batches, more preferably in 3 batches.
• water is preferably used in an amount of from 0.5 to 500 mol of water per mole of silicon atoms present in the reaction mixture, preferably from 5 to 25 mol of water per mole of hydrolyzable silicon atoms with respect to the components A used and optionally B or C, more preferably 10 to 20 moles of water per mole of said silicon atoms, in particular 12 to 17 moles of water per mole of said silicon atoms. It is further preferred in the process according to the invention for the water to be metered continuously or batchwise into the reaction mixture of the educt components A, B and optionally C, in particular the water is added discontinuously with stirring, more preferably batchwise, in 1 to 10 batches, in particular in 2 to 5 batches.
• the water in the process is added rapidly to the silane of the formula I, the tertiary amine of the formula II or the mixture comprising the silane and the amine.
• the time and / or the batchwise addition of the water can have a particularly good influence on the viscosity of the composition with otherwise identical content of quaternary amino-functional organosilicon compounds.
• the addition of water is carried out as directly as possible after mixing the compounds of the formula I and II. Addition of the total amount of water in one step for the reaction can lead to the formation of insoluble precipitates, which must be filtered consuming, for example, for the preparation of solutions of the composition ,
• the inventive reaction is carried out at a pressure of 1 mbar to 1, 1 bar, preferably at ambient pressure (atmospheric pressure), and a temperature of 20 and 150 0 C, preferably from 40 to 120 0 C, particularly preferably from 60 to 100 0th C, in particular from 80 to 95 0 C, performs.
• the reaction is carried out at a reaction temperature below 100 0 C and at atmospheric pressure, in particular by 1013.25 hPa plus / minus 25 hPa.
• the present reaction can be carried out in the presence of a catalyst, in particular with the addition of a hydrolysis and / or condensation catalyst, for example - but not exclusively - an organic or inorganic acid, such as formic acid, acetic acid, propionic acid, citric acid, hydrogen chloride, as a gas, concentrated or aqueous hydrochloric acid, boric acid, nitric acid, sulfuric acid, phosphoric acid, to name but a few.
• a hydrolysis and / or condensation catalyst for example - but not exclusively - an organic or inorganic acid, such as formic acid, acetic acid, propionic acid, citric acid, hydrogen chloride, as a gas, concentrated or aqueous hydrochloric acid, boric acid, nitric acid, sulfuric acid, phosphoric acid, to name but a few.
• a diluent for example an alcohol such as methanol, ethanol, isopropanol
• the solvent used is suitably removed from the system as appropriate during the removal of the hydrolysis alcohol formed during the reaction.
• the hydrolysis alcohol formed in the reaction is substantially completely removed, preferably by distillation, in particular already during the reaction. According to a particularly preferred procedure, for example, the amount of hydrolysis alcohol removed by distillation and water in the azeotropic mixture can be compensated for by additional addition of water.
• the process according to the invention it is advantageously possible to remove volatile solvents or diluents and optionally hydrolysable groups to volatile solvents, in particular hydrolysis alcohol, to a content in the total composition of from 100% by weight to 0% by weight be, preferably below 10 wt .-%, more preferably below 5 wt.%, most preferably 2 wt .-% to 0.0001 wt .-%, in particular 1 to ⁇ 0.5 wt .-%, wherein the removal of volatile solvent or diluent during the reaction and / or thereafter by distillation, in particular under reduced pressure in the range of 1 to 1000 mbar, preferably from 80 to 300 mbar, can take place. Conveniently, one can also lower the pressure in the course of the conversion of ambient pressure to a reduced pressure.
• x can be a number from 2 to °°.
• reaction of silanes of the formula I according to the invention with tertiary amines of the formula II is particularly preferably carried out as component B, if appropriate in the presence of at least one silicon compound of the formula III as component C of the reaction mixture, in the process according to the invention exclusively in the presence of moisture or water, wherein hydrolysis, homo- and / or co-condensation products of II and optionally III are also included and preferably 0.5 to 500 mol, more preferably 0.5 to 200 mol of water are used per mole of silicon.
• a silicon compound selected from the series consisting of 3-chloropropyltrimethoxysilane, 3-chloropropyltriethoxysilane, 3-chloropropylmethyldimethoxysilane, 3-chloropropylmethyldiethoxysilane, 3-chloropropyldimethylethoxysilane, or Chloropropyl-dimethylmethoxysilane or use a hydrolysis or condensation product of the aforementioned alkoxysilanes.
• component B for preparing the composition according to the invention, preferably if their boiling point is above 85 ° C., particularly preferred if their boiling point is above 100 ° C. or above 120 ° C.
• a particular advantage of the method according to the invention is the low reaction temperature for the reaction, which is between 20 to 150 0 C, in particular between 40 to 120 0 C, preferably between 60 to 100 0 C, more preferably between 80 to 95 0 C, and preferably the reaction is carried out essentially at atmospheric pressure.
• the reaction can be carried out at a temperature below 100 0 C and preferably at atmospheric pressure.
• At least one tertiary amine is selected from the series tetramethylethylenediamine, pentamethyldiethylenetriamine, hexadecyldimethylamine, octadecyldimethylamine, tetradecyldimethylamine, dodecyldimethylamine, decyldimethylamine, octyldimethylamine, tetraethylethylenediamine, pentaethylenediamine, hexadecyldiethylamine, octadecyldietylamine, Tetradecyldiethylamine, dodecyldiethylamine, decyldiethylamine, octyldiethylamine, isohexadecyldimethylamine, iso-octadecyldimethylamine, iso-tetradecyldi
• haloalkyl-functional silane in particular the chloroalkylsilane of the formula I, is preferably a molar ratio of haloalkyl group to tertiary amine group, in particular an amine of the formulas II, V and / or VI, from 2: 1 to 1: m m is the number of tertiary amine groups, in particular m is an integer between 1 and 100.
• components A and B in a ratio whereby the molar ratio of the silicon compound in the sense of the formula I to the tertiary amine compound in the sense of the formula II of 2: 1 to 1: m, where m is the number of tertiary amine groups of the formula II and m is an integer between 1 to 100, preferably from 1 to 10, particularly preferably 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 or 7, in particular 1 or 2.
• components A and C which are described in more detail below, in a molar ratio of 1: ⁇ 4, preferably 1: 0 to 2, more preferably 1: 0.001 to 1, in particular 1: 0 , 1 to 0.5.
• Silicon tetrachloride tetramethoxysilane, tetraethoxysilane, tetrapropoxysilane, methyltrimethoxysilane, methyltriethoxysilane, ethyltrimethoxysilane, ethyltriethoxysilane, n-
• the hydrolysis alcohol formed by hydrolysis during the reaction in the reaction according to the invention, and optionally added solvent or diluent, is suitably removed by distillation, preferably water is metered in, in order to essentially replace the previously distilled off amount of water, hydrolysis alcohol and solvent. Alternatively, any amount of water may be added.
• the distillation is preferably carried out under reduced pressure in the range from 0.01 to 1000 mbar, in particular from 1 to 1000 mbar, preferably from 80 to 300 mbar.
• the solvent or the hydrolysis alcohol is removed from the reaction mixture until the composition has a content of volatile solvent, such as hydrolysis alcohol, and optionally hydrolysable groups to volatile solvent, such as alkoxy groups, from below 12 wt .-% to 0 Wt .-% is obtained in the total composition, in particular below 12 wt .-% to 0.0001 wt .-%, preferably below 10 wt .-% to 0 wt .-%, particularly preferably below 5 wt .-% to 0 Wt .-%, better below 2 wt .-% to 0 wt .-%, to less than 1 to 0 wt .-%.
• the content of volatile solvent is particularly preferably between 0.5 and 0.001% by weight in the total composition.
• Suitable volatile solvents or groups which can be hydrolyzed to volatile solvents are alcohols, such as methanol, ethanol, isopropanol, n-propanol, and alkoxy groups which hydrolyze to alcohols, acyloxy group-containing radicals, and acetic acid or formic acid derived by hydrolysis, or aryloxy
• R 4 is independently a linear, branched and / or cyclic substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group having 1 to 30 carbon atoms, optionally substituted with one or more -NR 5 2 -, -OR 1 - and / or -SR 6 groups, where R 1 is independently hydrogen or R 4 ; R 6 is an alkyl, alkenyl group having 1 to 30 carbon atoms; and / or one, two or three R 4 are independently (R 1 O) 3 -x (R 2 ) ⁇ Si [(R 3 ) n CH 2 -], wherein R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , x and n are as defined above Have meaning, or optionally its hydrolysis and / or condensation products.
• At least one R 4 may comprise at least one oligomeric organofunctional silanol or co-condensate, block co-condensate, in particular R 4 comprises a (-0i / 2 -) 3 -x (R 2 ) ⁇ Si [(R 3 ) n CH 2 -] - residue in an organosilicon compound obtained by condensation.
• two R 4 as (R 4 ) 2 together with a heteroatom N, S or O may form a cycle or heteroaromatic having 1 to 7 carbon atoms, such as but not limited to pyrrole, pyridine, etc.
• an amine selected from the formulas I Ia and Ib can advantageously also be used as the tertiary amine of the formula II in the process,
• R 14 is independently an unbranched, branched and / or cyclic alkyl, aryl, in particular benzyl, or alkylaryl having 1 to 20 C atoms, where R 14 is preferably methyl or ethyl, more preferably methyl, and h is 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 or 7, in particular h is 0, 1, 2, 3 or 4; IIa is preferably tetramethylethylenediamine or pentamethyldiethylenediamine; where R 14 is methyl (CH 3 ), IIa is (CH 3 ) 2 N [CH 2 CH 2 N (CH 3 )] h CH 2 CH 2 N (CH 3) 2;
• w is 2 to 20, in particular with w is 8 to 14, and R 14 has the abovementioned meaning and p * is 1 or 2, in particular in di-octylmethylamine, di-n-nonylmethylamine, di-n-decylmethylamine, di-n-undecylmethylamine, di-n-dodecylmethylamine, di-n-tridecylmethylamine or di-n-tetradecylmethylamine.
• tertiary amines from the group consisting of tetramethylethylenediamine, pentamethylethyleneamine, tetraethylethylenediamine, pentaethylethylenetriamine and / or tributylamine or mixtures containing at least two of these amines.
• a cyclic tertiary amine and / or an aromatic amino compound may also be employed in the present process, such as by reaction with N-alkyl pyrrole, N-alkyl pyrrolidine, N-alkyl piperidine, N-alkyl morpholine, N-alkyl Imidazole, N-alkyl-piperazine, pyridine, pyrazine.
• an aminoalkyl-functional alkoxysilane having a radical of the formula Mc or its Hydrolysis and / or condensation product are reacted in the process of the invention;
• Formula Mc or Mc * may correspond to Group B of Formula III:
• formula Md in particular formula Md or special formula Md * can be a radical of an aminoalkyl-functional alkoxysilane or its hydrolysis and / or condensation product;
• Formula Md or Md * may also correspond to Group B of Formula III:
• Examples of compounds of these tertiary silane-functionalized amines of the general formula II are shown below, where the radicals of the compounds are substituted as defined in Mc, Mc * and III:
• a is 0, 1 or 2
• b is 0, 1 or 2
• (a + b) is ⁇ 3.
• the tertiary amine may be an N-alkyl pyrrolide, N-aryl pyrrole, N, N-alkyl piperidine, N-alkyl morpholine, N-alkyl imidazolidine, N-alkyl pyridine.
• Useful tertiary amines are expediently trimethylamine, thethylamine and / or preferably at least one of the following amines selected from triisopropylamine, tri-n-propylamine, tribenzylamine, dimethylethylamine, dimethyl-n-butylamine, dimethyl-n-hexylamine, diethyl-n- octylamine, dimethyldodecylamine, dimethylpentadecylamine, diethyloctadecylamine, dimethylheptadecylamine, diethyltetradecylamine, dimethylhexacosylamine, methylethylisopropylamine, methylethylbenzylamine, diethyldecylamine, methyldipentylamine, ethylethylheptylamine, methylethylnonylamine, cyclopropyldimethylamine, cyclo
• tertiary amines of the formula II it is also possible to use the following amino-functional alkoxysilanes having tertiary amino groups, in particular tertiary aminoalkoxysilanes, diaminoalkoxysilanes, thiaminoalkoxysilanes, bis (thethoxysilylalkyl) amine or ths (thethoxysilylalkyl) amine.
• R 1 ** and R 2 * are independently alkyl of 1 to 24 carbon atoms, preferably methyl, ethyl and / or propyl, with A being a bis-aminoalkyl-functional group of the formula V wherein N * in V may correspond to the tertiary nitrogen (N) of the formula V,
• Z is independently a divalent alkylene radical, in particular from the series - CH 2 -, - (CH 2 J 2 -, - (CH 2 ) S- or - [CH 2 CH (CH 3 ) CH 2 ] -
• R 13 is in each case independently of one another in VIII a linear, cyclic and / or branched alkyl radical having 1 to 24 C atoms, in particular having 1 to 16 C atoms, preferably with 1 to 8 C atoms, particularly preferably with 1 to 4 C atoms.
• R 13 is preferably a methyl, ethyl or propyl radical.
• the nitrogen of the formula VIII also corresponds here to the nitrogen (N) of the more general formula V and [ZSi (R 12 ) ⁇ (OR 13 ) 3- ⁇ ] would correspond to one R 1.
• Ths (triethoxysilylpropyl) amine or ths (thmethoxysilylpropyl) amine is preferably used as the tertiary ths (trialkoxysilane) amine
• compounds of the formula VI, their hydrolysis and / or condensation products can be used as the tertiary amine in the process according to the invention.
• a haloalkyl-functional silane of the formula I selected from the following group: chloropropyltrimethoxysilane, chlopropyltriethoxysilane, chorpropylmethyldimethoxysilane and chloropropylmethyldiethoxysilane and / or its hydrolysis and / or condensation product.
• haloalkylsilanes of the formula I which are preferably usable in the process according to the invention are, in particular selected from the group, 3-chloropropyltrimethoxysilane, 3-chloropropylthethoxysilane, 3-chloropropyltripropoxysilane, chloropropylmethyldimethoxysilane, chloropropylmethyldiethoxysilane, chloropropyldimethylethoxysilane, chloropropyldimethylmethoxysilane, chloroethyltrimethoxysilane, chloroethyltriethoxysilane, Chloroethylmethyldimethoxysilane, chloroethylmethyldiethoxysilane, chloroethyldimethylmethoxysilane, chloroethyldimethylethoxysilane, chloromethyltriethoxysilane, chloromethylmethyld
• the reaction is carried out in the presence of at least one further water-soluble, condensable, organofunctional silicon compound, its hydrolysis, homo-, co-, block-co-condensate or mixtures thereof, in particular to form oligomeric or polymeric quaternary aminoalkylfunktionellen, organosilicon compounds by condensation reactions.
• This silicon compound, its hydrolysis, homo-, co-, block-co-condensate, in particular monomeric, oligomeric or polymeric silicon compounds, or mixtures thereof, are derived in particular from at least one compound of the formula III and in particular together with a compound of the formula I. and / or II, as defined above, or after at least one addition of water are added to the process.
• groups R may be an alkyl or aminoalkyl group, for example-but not exclusively-methyl, ethyl, propyl, butyl, N, N-dimethylaminoethyl):
• oligomeric or polymeric silicon compounds can be used in the inventive method, as for example but not exclusively from WO 2006/010666, EP 0 846 717 A1, EP 0846 716 A1, EP 1 101 787 A1, EP 0 960 921 A1, EP 0 716,127 A1, EP 1 205 505 A, EP 0 518 056 A1, EP 0 814 1 10 A1, EP 1 205 481 A1 and EP 0 675 128 A are known, to be taken or cited therein, to the disclosure content of the above documents is expressly fully incorporated by reference.
• component C in particular during the reaction, additionally at least one silicon compound of the formula III functionalized with further organofunctional groups, their hydrolysis products, condensation products or mixtures thereof, used in the process according to the invention,
• R 7 is, independently of one another, hydrogen, a linear, branched and / or cyclic alkyl group having 1 to 8 C atoms, aryl, arylalkyl and / or acyl, particularly preferably alkyl having 1 to 5 C atoms, preferably methyl, Ethyl, propyl and R 8 independently of one another a linear, branched and / or cyclic alkyl group having 1 to 24 C atoms; in particular with 1 to 16, preferably with 1 to 8 C atoms;
• Aryl, arylalkyl and / or acyl are and
• B is a second organofunctional group, each same or different, a is 0, 1 or 2, b is 0, 1 or 2 and a + b ⁇ 3,
• the compound of the formula III is selected from compounds with
• - B is equal to - [(R 10 ) n R 9 ], where R 10 is a linear, branched and / or cyclic
• R 5 * is independently hydrogen, a linear, branched and / or cyclic alkyl Group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, aryl, arylalkyl and / or acyl, preferably AI kyl having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, more preferably methyl, ethyl, propyl, R 6 * independently of one another linear, branched and / or is cyclic alkyl group having 1 to 24 C atoms, in particular having 1 to 16, preferably having 1 to 8 C atoms, and / or aryl,
• Arylalkyl and / or acyl, R 2 * is a linear, branched and / or cyclic alkylene and / or alkenylene having 1 to 18 C atoms, preferably an alkylene and x * is 0, 1 or 2,
• B is a primary, secondary and / or tertiary amino-functional radical of the general formulas IIIa or IIIb,
• R 12 is a radical R 12 -Y q - (CH 2 ) S -, where R 12 is a mono-, oligo- or perfluorinated alkyl radical having 1 to 20 C atoms or a mono-, oligo- or perfluorinated
• B is a vinyl, allyl, iso-propenyl radical, mercaptoalkyl radical, sulfanalkyl radical, ureidoalkyl radical, an acryloyloxyalkyl radical, methacryloxypropyl radical or a linear, branched or cyclic alkoxy radical having 1 to 24 C atoms in particular m is 1 to 16 C atoms, preferably 1 to 4 C atoms, in particular a is 0 and b is 0, 1 or 2 in formula III for a tetraalkoxysilane,
• B is a hydroxyalkyl, epoxy and / or ether radical, in particular a 3-glycidoxyalkyl, 3-glycidoxypropyl, dihydroxyalkyl, epoxyalkyl, epoxycycloalkyl, polyalkylglycolalkyl radical or a polyalkylglycol-3-propyl radical, or
• Homo-, co- or also block-co-condensates of at least two different compounds of the formula III can preferably be used as oligomeric or polymeric silicon compounds in the process, as they are, for example but not exclusively from WO 2006/010666, as well as from the aforementioned EP documents are known.
• Preferred compounds of formula III are: bis (thethoxysilylpropyl) amine [(H 5 C 2 O) 3 Si (CH 2 ) 3 NH (CH 2 ) 3 Si (OC 2 H 5 ) 3, bis-AMEO]. Further preferred compounds are: (H 3 CO) 3 Si (CH 2 ) SNH (CH 2 ) SSi (OCH 3 ) S (bis-AMMO), (H 3 CO) 3 Si (CH 2 ) s NH (CH 2 ) 2 NH (CH 2 ) 3 Si (OCH 3 ) 3 (bis-DAMO),
• Preferred aminoalkyl-functional silanes of the formula III are:
• Diaminoethylene-3-propylthymethoxysilane H 2 N (CH 2 ) 2 NH (CH 2 ) 3 Si (OCH 3 ) 3 , DAMO); Thaminodiethylene-3-propylthymethoxysilane H 2 N (CH 2 ) 2 NH (CH 2 ) 2 NH (CH 2 ) 3 Si (OCH 3 ) 3 (TRIAMO), (2-aminoethylamino) ethylthethoxysilane, Butyl N-Butyl-3 -aminopropyltriethoxysilane, N-butyl-3-aminopropylmethyldiethoxysilane, N-butyl-3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane, N-butyl-3-aminopropylmethyldimethoxysilane, N-butyl-1-amino-methyltriethoxysilane, N-butyl-1-aminomethylmethyldimethoxy
• amino-functionalized silicon compounds the following can in particular be used such as amine-bis (3-triethoxysilyl propyl), bis (3-thmethoxysilylpropyl) amine, 3-aminopropylmethyldiethoxysilane, 3- Aminpropylmethyldimethoxysilan, 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane, aminoethyl-N '-2-aminoethyl N-3aminopropyltrimethoxysilane, N- (n-butyl) -3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane, benzyl 2-aminoethyl-3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane, 2-aminoethyl-3-aminopropyl methyldimethoxysilane, 2-aminoethyl-3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane, and / or their hydrolysis, homo- and / or co-condensation products
• organofunctionalized silicon compounds according to component C the following can also be used in particular, such as phenylthmethoxysilane, phenyltriethoxysilane, 3-glycidoxypropylthethoxysilane, 3-glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane, thdecafluorooctylthehoxysilane, ethylpolysilicate, tetraethylortosilicate, tetra-n-propylorthosilicate, 3-mercaptopropylthmethoxysilane, 3-mercaptopropyl triethoxysilane, 3-methacryloxypropylthymethoxysilane, 3-methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane, 3-methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane, 3-methacryloxypropylmethyldimethoxysilane, 3-methacryloxypropylmethyldiethoxysilane, 3-ureidopropyl
• metal oxides as the further component in the process according to the invention, preferably metal oxides with hydroxyl groups capable of condensation.
• metal oxides preferably metal oxides with hydroxyl groups capable of condensation.
• These are in particular silica, fumed silica, precipitated silica, silicates, boric acid, titanium dioxide, aluminum oxide, aluminum oxide hydrate, ATH (aluminum trihydroxide, Al (OH) 3 ), magnesium hydroxide (Mg (OH) 2 ), cerium oxide, yttrium oxide, calcium oxide, iron oxides , Zirconium oxide, hafnium oxide, boron oxide, gallium oxide, indium oxide, tin oxide, germanium oxide and corresponding hydroxides and hydrated oxides and mixtures of at least two of the abovementioned compounds with one another.
• an inorganic or organic acid such as, for example, formic acid, acetic acid, hydrochloric acid or other acids known to those skilled in the art can be added to the composition or reaction mixture at any time.
• the silane (s) of the formula III and / or their hydrolysis, homo- and / or co-condensation products can be initially introduced together with the chlorofunctionalized silane or at any later time in the course of the process a reaction mixture of component A and B are added.
• the addition may preferably take place after the first, second or third addition of water.
• the process according to the invention can be carried out without the use of iodides and largely without any use of solvents, such as glycols or glycol ethers, ie, largely without addition of a solvent.
• solvents such as glycols or glycol ethers, ie, largely without addition of a solvent.
• the aqueous preparation of the organosilicon compounds excludes the additional use of hydrogen silanes in the process according to the invention.
• the method can be carried out as follows.
• the haloalkyl-functional silane in particular a component A, and optionally at least one silane of the formula III, ie, optionally component C, in a suitable reaction vessel;
• a suitable reaction vessel For example, a stirred tank reactor with temperature control, metering device and distillation device; with the tertiary amine, in particular a component B.
• the temperature should be below the boiling point of the amine used and below the boiling point of the silane used.
• the molar ratio of chloroalkyl function / tertiary amino functions of the compounds can vary in the range from 2: 1 to 1:10.
• each chloroalkyl function reacts with an amino function.
• the ratio of all amino functions (primary, secondary and tertiary) to chloroalkyl is about 1: 1. If a ratio of less than 1: 1 is selected, unreacted amino functions remain in the composition which can be separated or remain in the solution. If the tertiary amine contains more than one tertiary amino function, a ratio lower than 1: 1 of tertiary amine to the chloroalkyl function can be used to react all tertiary amines with a chloroalkyl function.
• a diluent preferably an alcohol, particularly preferably methanol, ethanol, isopropanol, optionally being added to the mixture,
• mixture of quaternary amino-functional, organosilicon compounds containing at least one oligomerized quaternary amino functional, organosilicon compound in the composition preferably sets to 0.1 to 99.9 wt .-%, and subsequently optionally with at least one further component the range of pigments, fillers, binders, crosslinkers, optical brighteners, thickeners,
• a ratio of about 1: 2 to chloroalky functions to tertiary amine functions may be sufficient to allow virtually all TMEDA molecules to react. See Example 1. With a ratio of the functional groups of> 1: 1, unreacted chloroalkylsilyl functions are left behind, but these can be incorporated into the oligomeric end product by hydrolysis of the alkoxysilyl functions and condensation of the silanol functions. If further organofunctional alkoxysilanes are used during the hydrolysis and condensation reaction, as in accordance with formula III, then these are incorporated into the oligomeric product according to the invention, see in an idealized form formula VII.
• alkylalkoxysilanes e.g. For example, methyl, propyl, B uty l, isobutyl, octyl, isooctyl, Hexadecylthalkoxysilanen or -methyldiethoxysilanes or -dimethylalkoxysilanes, alkylsilyl and quaternary amino-functional co-condensates.
• organ functions such. For example, amino, diamino, triamino, mercapto, glycidyloxy, (meth) acryloxy, fluoroalkyl functions, bring in the oligomeric product.
• diluents can be used, for example methanol or ethanol, for example to adjust the viscosity.
• a diluent can also be used in the subsequent steps, hydrolysis and / or condensation and in particular distillation. In the course of the distillation step, it is removed according to the invention again.
• the mixing process is carried out as quickly as possible.
• the addition of water in particular in an amount between 0.5 moles of water per mole of Si to 500 moles of water per mole of Si.
• the addition takes place with stirring in a period of time between 1 and 10 hours, preferably within 10 minutes to 1 hour.
• the reaction mixture or solution is usually cloudy. It is stirred and tempered while, in particular between 10 0 C to the reflux temperature, depending on the reactants used, preferably the reaction at 20 to 150 0 C, more preferably below 100 ° C carried out until a clear solution is formed.
• a post-reaction time under reflux in particular in the abovementioned temperature range, of from 30 minutes to 24 hours, preferably between 1 hour and 8 hours, is preferably maintained. Within this time more water can be added. Subsequently, a distilling off of hydrolysis alcohols and optionally added solvents. The distilled off amount is preferably replaced in equal parts by water. This can be done by continuous dosing or by adding in substeps. Preference is given to metering in substeps, wherein the metering rate is preferably set as high as possible.
• the distillation is preferably carried out under reduced pressure, in particular between 0.01 mbar to 1000 mbar, in particular between 1 to 1000 mbar, particularly preferably between 80 to 300 mbar. It is preferably distilled until at the top of the separation column only water is detectable. Distilled water is supplemented by renewed addition of water. At the end of the distillation, the desired final concentration of the solution can be adjusted by adding more water.
• the present invention thus also oligomeric or polymeric quaternary aminoalkyl-functional organosilicon compounds and mixtures thereof are obtainable by the novel process.
• the subject matter of the present invention is a composition comprising quaternaryaminoalkyl-functional, organosilicon compounds and water obtainable by the process according to the invention.
• the content of quaternary-amino-functional, organosilicon compound according to the invention, in particular of the formula VI I, in the present compositions can, depending on requirements, be in a range from 0.001 to 99.5% by weight, from 0.1 to 1.5% by weight % By weight to 90% by weight, in the total composition.
• compositions according to the invention are preferably characterized by a content of active ingredient, ie quaternary amino-functional, organosilicon compounds obtained according to the method, the composition containing at least one oligomerized quaternary amino-functional, organosilicon compound in the composition of from 0.1 to 99.9% by weight. from, preferably from 0.5 to 90 wt .-%, particularly preferably 5 to 70 wt .-%, most preferably 7 to 60 wt.%, In particular 1 0 to 50 wt .-%, wherein al le components in the Composition in total 100 wt .-% result.
• compositions of the invention are characterized by a content of water of from 0.0999 to 99.9 wt .-%, which can be advantageously dilutable in virtually any ratio with water: These may also have a content of volatile solvent or hydrolysis alcohol in the overall composition from less than 12% by weight to 0% by weight, preferably less than 5 to 0.0001% by weight, all ingredients in the composition resulting in a total of 100% by weight.
• the VOC content of the composition, as defined above, is thus advantageously less than 12% by weight in the total composition, more preferably below 2 to 0% by weight.
• compositions according to the invention may contain at least one of the following components from the series pigments, fillers, binders, crosslinkers, optical brighteners, paint assistants or other auxiliaries.
• compositions according to the invention advantageously have a viscosity of ⁇ 1500 mPas, preferably ⁇ 1000 mPas, more preferably 10 to 600 mPas, in particular from 100 to 300 mPas.
• the end product according to the invention or the composition of the invention is usually liquid and low to slightly viscous, the
• Viscosity in particular below 1500 mPa s to 0.001 mPa s, preferably between 1000 and 1 mPa s, preferably below 300 mPa s, preferably below 200 mPa s, more preferably below 100 mPa s, better between 100 mPa s and
• 1 mPa s more preferred are ranges of 200 to 1 mPa s, in particular of 100 and 10 mPa s (the viscosity is determined according to DIN 53015).
• composition or silane product solution obtained according to the invention can be filtered if required in a conventional manner if turbidities occur.
• a preferred application for the compositions of the invention is the production of coating colors.
• This is suitably first a prepared aqueous silica dispersion and treated with the silane system according to the invention, usually under the action of high shear forces using industry standard dispersers.
• the resulting silanized silica dispersion is advantageously characterized by a high solids content, high storage stability and low sedimentation tendency.
• the coating color is preferably prepared from the silanized silica dispersion by addition of binder, preferably polyvinyl alcohol, and crosslinker, preferably boric acid, which is particularly suitable for the production of photographic inkjet papers.
• a viscosity of the coating color of preferably below 600 mPa s, more preferably below 450 mPa s, most preferably below 200 mPa s, in particular from 2 to 150 mPa s, as in the conditions selected in Example 9.
• the lower the solids content in the formulation the lower the capacity of the coating systems operated therewith, because the volatile constituents of the paper coating slips (in this case mainly water) generally have to be removed thermally.
• the higher the solids content of the formulation the less water must be removed and the faster the coating equipment can be operated.
• a solids content of> 15 wt .-% is desired under the conditions chosen in Example 9 for paper coating slips.
• compositions according to the invention and the end products according to the invention can advantageously be diluted to a content of between 10 to 0.01% by weight, preferably to 5 to 0.1% by weight, with water or other solvents or else mixtures thereof before use ,
• a composition according to the invention can therefore contain, in addition to water, a quaternaryaminoalkyl-functional, organosilicon compound of the formula VII or mixtures of these, in particular oligomeric or polymeric and optionally monomeric compounds of the formula VII or mixtures thereof,
• the radicals R 1 and R 1 * independently comprise a -CH 2 -Si group and optionally at least one alkyl radical; wherein the nitrogen is a cation and Z is an anion, in particular formula VII is a quaternary alkylammonium-functional compound, in particular Z is a chloride, bromide, acetate, formate, and preferably R 1 * in formula VII is a (R 1 O) 3 - x y (R 2) ⁇ Si [(R 3) nCH2- radical, where R 1 is hydrogen and / or R 1 * is a hydrolysis or an oligomeric or polymeric condensation product of this sily
• the present composition is essentially free from volatile solvents, preferably from hydrolysis alcohol, and in particular does not release any hydrolysis alcohol when crosslinked.
• the present invention also provides an aqueous composition
• aqueous composition comprising quaternaryaminoalkyl-functional, organosilicon compounds according to the invention, obtainable according to at least one of claims 1 to 15.
• the composition containing quaternary aminoalkyl-functional organosilicon compounds obtainable by a process of claims 1 to 15, by Reacting the compounds of the formulas I and II, as defined above, if appropriate in the presence of at least one compound of the formula III as defined above, their hydrolysis, condensation products or mixtures thereof, in the presence of from 0.5 to 500 mol of water and distillative removal at least part of the hydrolysis alcohol.
• the composition of the invention is substantially free of organic solvents and releases substantially no alcohol in the crosslinking, in particular, it has a flash point above 90 0 C.
• the invention likewise relates to a composition comprising quaternaryaminoalkyl-functional, organosilicon compounds and water, wherein the composition contains quaternary aminoalkyl-functional, organosilicon oligomeric and / or polymeric and optionally monomeric compounds having at least one quaternary aminoalkyl-functional group of the general formula VII or mixtures thereof,
• R 1 * and R * each independently correspond to identical or different organofunctional groups which are bonded via a C atom to the quaternary nitrogen (N) and optionally form two R * with N form a cycle, and at least R 1 * , optionally also R * , an Si atom comprises; preferably, the radicals R * and / or R 1 * independently comprise a -CH 2 -Si group; wherein the nitrogen is a cation and Z is an anion;
• formula VII is a quaternary alkylammonium-functional organosilicon compound, in particular Z is a chloride, bromide, acetate, formate, and preferably R 1 * in formula VII is a (R 1 O) 3 -xy (R 2 ) ⁇ Si [(R 3 ) nCH 2 - radical, where R 1 is hydrogen and / or R 1 * is a hydrolysis or an oligomeric or polymeric condensation product of this radical; and wherein the quaternary aminoalkyl-
• R 3 is a linear, branched and / or cyclic alkylene and / or
• R 4 independently corresponds to organofunctional groups which are bonded to the C atom with the tertiary nitrogen (N), optionally two R 4 together with N form a cycle, in particular R 4 is a more linear, branched and / or cyclic one substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group having 1 to 30 carbon atoms optionally with one or more -NR 5 2 , -
• OR 1 and / or -SR 6 groups with R 6 independently equal to hydrogen or R 4 ; and / or one, two or three R 4 correspond to (R 1 0) 3-x (R 2) ⁇ Si ((R 3) n CH 2 -), and optionally the hydrolysis and / or condensation product,
• a defined amount of water preferably 0.5 to 500 moles of water per mole of silicon atoms are added, in particular 5 to 25 moles of water per mole of silicon atoms, preferably 10 to 20 moles of water per mole of silicon atoms, more preferably 12 to 17 mol Water per mole of silicon atoms.
• the following compound of the formula VII can be formed by way of example from the quaternization reaction and partial hydrolysis: (R1 0) 3 Si [(R 3) n CH 2 Hal] + (R 14) 2 N [CH2CH2N (R 14)] CH 2 CH 2 N (R 14) 2
• x may formally be a number from 1 to °°, provided that H 2 O is completely removed from the system.
• hydrolysis alcohol is substantially completely removed, in particular optionally by distillation reduced pressure.
• a composition having a content of solvent below 12% by weight to 0% by weight in the total composition preferably below 12 to 0.0001% by weight, in particular below 10 wt .-% to 0 wt .-%, preferably below 5 wt .-% to 0 wt .-%, more preferably between 2 to 0 wt .-%, preferably between 1 to 0 wt .-%, better between 0 , 5 to 0.001 wt .-%.
• compositions are obtainable by addition of at least one organofunctional silicon compound of the formula III as defined above, their hydrolysis, condensation products or mixtures before, during or after the reaction of the compounds of the formula I and II
• organofunctional silicon compounds are described in detail above.
• the composition of the invention is substantially free of organic solvents and releases substantially no alcohol in the crosslinking, in particular, it has a flash point above 90 0 C.
• compositions obtainable by the process according to the invention have a viscosity of less than 1500 mPa s to 0.001 mPa s, in particular less than 300 mPa s, preferably less than 100 mPa s, more preferably between 1000 and 1 mPa s.
• Preferred ranges are 200 to 100 mPa s, 100 to 0.01 mPa s, 100 to 20 mPa s or even 10 to 20 mPa s, the preferred range depending on the specific application.
• the content, in particular solids content, of quaternary aminoalkyl-functional, organosilicon compounds or a mixture thereof in an aqueous composition according to the invention can advantageously be from 0.001 to approx. 99.5 wt .-% (including all intervening numerical values), based on the total composition.
• the content can be adjusted directly in the process of the invention or diluted by the user by dilution, for example with water, to an arbitrary concentration, for example to 0.0001 to 2% by weight in the composition.
• compositions according to the invention are advantageously distinguished by a low viscosity and at the same time a high solids content, as evidenced by the exemplary embodiments. This combination of low viscosity and high solids content is a necessary prerequisite for high capacity in the production of coatings.
• the compositions according to the invention are substantially VOC-free, ie they are substantially free of hydrolysis alcohol and release more alcohol upon crosslinking.
• the compositions of the invention have a significantly improved performance than known compositions.
• compositions are substantially storage stable. This means that they show no visible changes such as turbidity or sedimentation or gelation within two weeks, preferably 3 months, particularly preferably 1 year.
• the invention also provides a formulation comprising a composition according to the invention which comprises at least one of the following components from the series pigments, binders, crosslinkers, optical brighteners, paint assistants, active ingredient and / or adjuvant and / or filler.
• compositions according to the invention can be used with very good suitability in inkjet coatings, in particular for high-gloss paper coatings.
• Example 9d The preparation of paper slips based on a composition according to the invention is set forth in Example 9d.
• the composition of the invention by dipping, brushing, rubbing, spraying, in particular with droplet sizes below 200 microns, preferably less than 100 microns to the nanometer range; Precipitation, spin coating or any other techniques known in the art are applied to a substrate.
• a suitable for the process used concentration of organosilicon compound is set in the composition.
• the concentration may range from 0.01% by weight of organosilicon compound up to 99.5% by weight in the composition.
• the application methods are well known to the respective person skilled in the art.
• a coating applied to a substrate can be cured under ambient conditions and / or by an additional thermal and / or photochemical treatment or set with the substrate. For example, it is thus possible to treat inorganic or organic substrates with a composition according to the invention or to use a composition according to the invention as starting material component in formulations.
• compositions or formulations based on a composition according to the invention find advantageous use for modifying, treating and / or preparing substrates, articles, organic, inorganic materials, composite materials, paper coating slips, inkjet applications, paper coating compositions, textiles, fillers; in the case of biocidal substances, such as in antibacterial, fungicidal, algicidal and / or virucidal formulations or coatings, for finishing fiber materials, yarns and / or textiles, for textile impregnation, for antistatic finishing of surfaces, in particular flat, fibrous, woven, granular and / or or powdery materials, such as.
• fiber materials such as Glass fibers, mineral wool, carbon fibers, ceramic fibers or textile fibers (including fabrics made from these fibers) and mineral fillers such as silica, precipitated silica, flame silicic acid, quartz, calcium carbonate, gypsum, ATH, alpha and gamma Al2O3, magnesium hydroxide / oxide, iron oxides, clay minerals , Phyllosilicates or other fillers familiar to the person skilled in the art.
• fiber materials such as Glass fibers, mineral wool, carbon fibers, ceramic fibers or textile fibers (including fabrics made from these fibers) and mineral fillers such as silica, precipitated silica, flame silicic acid, quartz, calcium carbonate, gypsum, ATH, alpha and gamma Al2O3, magnesium hydroxide / oxide, iron oxides, clay minerals , Phyllosilicates or other fillers familiar to the person skilled in the art.
• the products according to the invention for modifying fillers can optionally be used in combination with other organofunctional silanes or hydrosilane, for example in order to achieve a better dispersibility.
• compositions in paper coating compositions in particular for inkjet applications, for the production of paper coating compositions, as paper coating compositions, for finishing fiber materials and / or textiles, for textile impregnation or for modifying fillers.
• wound covers or hygiene articles such as patches, gauze bandages, diapers, pads and other familiar to the competent expert medical or Hygiene products.
• the coating can extend in its extent over a large area or even in the micron to nanometer range.
• the present invention thus also provides the use of an inventively prepared or obtainable composition for
• Paper coating slips Inkjet applications, paper coating agents, textiles,
• Fillers biocidal, fungicidal and / or virucidal formulations, for finishing fiber materials, yarns and / or textiles, for textile impregnation, for antistatic finishing of surfaces, in particular flat, fibrous, woven, granular and / or powdery materials.
• Hydrolyzable chloride was titrated potentiographically with silver nitrate (for example Metrohm, type 682 silver rod as indicator electrode and Ag / AgCl reference electrode or other suitable reference electrode). Total chloride content after Wurtzschmitt digestion. For this purpose, the sample is digested in a Wurtzschmittbombe with sodium peroxide. After acidification with nitric acid, chloride is potentiographically measured with silver nitrate as above.
• silver nitrate for example Metrohm, type 682 silver rod as indicator electrode and Ag / AgCl reference electrode or other suitable reference electrode.
• Organically bound nitrogen can be converted into ammonium by Kjeldahl digestion and determined by addition of sodium hydroxide solution as ammonia acidimetrisch (see also DIN 1310, DIN 32625, DIN 32630, DIN EN 25663-H11, DIN 38409 -H12, AN-GAA 0629 - Buchi 322/343). Determination of SiO 2 is carried out after decomposition by means of sulfuric acid and Kjeldahl catalyst, by the weight of the precipitated SiO 2 is determined.
• the viscosity is usually in accordance with DIN 53015.
• a sample is heated to a predetermined temperature (eg 125 ° C.) to thereby remove the volatiles of the sample.
• a predetermined temperature eg 125 ° C.
• the solids content (dry residue) of the sample after the heat treatment is recorded.
• sample is weighed into a disposable dish on an analytical balance (accuracy 1 mg).
• the product is to be evenly distributed in the egg nmalschale by briefly swirling.
• the dish is heated for 1 h at approx. 1 25 0 C stored in a drying oven.
• the shell is cooled for 20 min in a desiccator to room temperature and weighed back to the nearest 1 mg on the analytical balance. At least 2 determinations have to be carried out per experiment.
• Solids content (%) weight (g) x 100
• NMR 13 C-NMR: ca. 15% of the TMEDA groups are present as a bisadduct. Per 100 SiCH 2 groups 8 mol% of free TMEDA are present.
• Reflux (about 84 - 92 0 C) heated. It follows the second addition of water in the meanwhile clarified swamp. After heating for a further 1.5 h under reflux, the third addition of water takes place with stirring within about 20 minutes (volume flow about 4.8 l / h). 2. Distillation: At a bottom temperature of 48 0 C to 53 0 C, the hydrolysis ethanol and the excess TMEDA are now distilled off under vacuum (100-270 mbar). During the distillation, a total of 859.02 g of water are recycled. Obtained is a clear low-viscosity liquid.
• n may formally be a number from 1 to °°, preferably 4 to ⁇ .
• the polymeric product in addition to siloxane units, also has silanol groups.
• Example 3 Water-based, VOC-free solution of a quaternary silane system prepared from 3-chloropropyltriethoxysilane and tetramethylethylenediamine with excess 3-chloropropylthethoxysilane.
• Apparatus Stirred reactor with distillation device, bottom and head thermometer, vacuum pump, manometer and metering device.
• Swamp is now clearly cloudy and is refluxed for 6 h (about 82 - 84 0 C). It follows the second addition of water in the meanwhile clarified swamp within 9 minutes. After boiling for a further 1, 6 h under reflux, the third addition of water takes place with stirring, within about 13 minutes.
• the polymeric product in addition to siloxane units, also has silanol groups.
• the 29 Si NMR spectrum shows: about 2% Si silane (x) ol; approx. 12% S i M structures approx. 46% Si D structures; about 40% Si T structures
• Apparatus Stirred reactor with distillation device, bottom and head thermometer, vacuum pump, manometer and metering device.
• Example 5 Water-based solution of a quaternary silane system prepared from 3-chloropropylthethoxysilane and N, N-dimethylethylenediamine.
• Apparatus Stirred reactor with distillation device, bottom and head thermometer, vacuum pump, manometer and metering device.
• the polymeric product in addition to siloxane units, also has silanol groups.
• TMEDA monoadduct 83.6%
• TMEDA bisadduct 16.4%
• the 29 Si NMR spectrum shows: about 0.7% silane (x) ol; about 9.0% Si M structures; about 49.6% Si D structures; about 40.7% Si T structures
• Example 7 Water-based, VOC-free solution of a quaternary silane system prepared from 3-chloropropyltrimethoxysilane and tetramethylethylenediamine, in which tetramethylethylenediamine is used in excess.
• Apparatus Stirred reactor with distillation device, bottom and head thermometer, vacuum pump, manometer and metering device.
• the reaction CPTMO is determined by the difference between w (total chloride) and w (hydr. Chloride) CPTMO. After completion of the reaction, 37% neutralized with hydrochloric acid and a pH of 7 is set (exothermic). The mixture is then distilled off at 300 to 100 mbar and a bottom temperature to about 55 0 C methanol / water. When the mixture becomes viscous, about 100 g of water are added (theory hydrolysis methanol at 1.5 molar batch: 1 44.2 g). It should be approx. 290 g of methanol / water mixture are distilled off. Finally, the distilled amount of water is added again. The product is filtered through a pressure filter SEITZ K900. Obtained is a clear yellowish slightly viscous liquid.
• the polymeric product in addition to siloxane units, also has silanol groups.
• the 29 Si NMR spectrum shows: about 1.5% silane (x) ol; about 8.4% Si M structures; about 46.7% Si D structures; about 43.4% Si T structures
• Apparatus Stirred reactor with distillation device, bottom and head thermometer, vacuum pump, manometer and metering device.
• CPTEO and TMEDA are initially charged with stirring in a 1 l four-necked flask stirring apparatus.
• 100.0 g of deionized water (1st addition) is added dropwise at room temperature within 15 min. There is a strong turbidity and the reaction is slightly exothermic.
• the mixture is then heated to about 90 0 C bottom temperature for 3 h under reflux.
• Dynasylan AMEO are added dropwise within about 15 minutes and then further heated for 3 h at about 90 0 C bottom temperature.
• 40.0 g of deionized water (2nd addition) over 5 min are added and a further 1, heated 5 h at 90 0 C.
• 100.0 g of demineralized water (3rd addition) are added within 20 min with stirring.
• silanized silica dispersions Production of silanized silica dispersions and preparation of paper coating slips therefrom: Substances: polyvinyl alcohol: partially hydrolyzed polyvinyl alcohol (Poval® PVA 235); Boric acid solution: 7% by weight aqueous boric acid solution.
• Silica used is a commercially available flame-type silica having a surface area of 200 nrvVg, a primary particle size of about 12 nm and an SiO 2 content of> 99.8% by weight.
• the subsequent dispersion is carried out using a Rotor-Stator Disperser Ultra Turrax T25 Silica dispersion with the addition of a 9.04 wt .-% aqueous solution of a partially hydrolyzed polyvinyl alcohol Fa. Kuraray, Poval® PVA 235, degree of hydrolysis 87-89%, viscosity 80-110 mPa s, and a 7 wt .-% aqueous solution of boric acid.
• the pH value may not exceed a value of about 4, since the dispersion becomes highly viscous on the upper side thereof.
• the mixture is post-dispersed for a further 60 minutes by means of Ultra Turrax at 20,500 rpm. 2.
• Preparation of a coating of 1: 65.15 g of demineralized water are submitted. While stirring, 74.86 g of the polyvinyl alcohol solution are added. Subsequently, 124.97 g of the silica dispersion are stirred from 1. Thereafter, 12.03 g of boric acid solution are added within 10 min. It is 15 min stirring.
• the coating color has the properties given in the table "Properties of
• the hydrolyzate is prepared as follows:
• Apparatus 1-liter four-necked flask, stirrer with paddle stirrer, dropping funnel, thermometer, distillation bridge with vacuum connection, receiver flask, vacuum pump stand, oil bath with regulator
• the hydrolyzate is prepared as described in Example 9b.
• the mixture is subsequently redispersed at 5000-7000 rpm for 15 minutes. Subsequently, a further homogenization for 10 min by means of Ultra Turrax at 20500 rpm. Thereafter, 4.82 g of an 85 wt .-% formic acid solution in water is added. Subsequently, 68.59 g of the silane hydrolyzate are slowly added. The pH value must not exceed a value of about 4, since above this the dispersion becomes highly viscous. After the termination of the
• Silane addition is post-dispersed for a further 60 minutes by means of Ultra Turrax at 20,500 rpm.
• silanized silica dispersion 300.04 g of deionized water and 7.07 g of an aqueous, 18% strength by weight HCl solution are initially charged. through
• Dissolver 129.34 g flame-silica are dispersed.
• the mixture is subsequently redispersed at 4000 rpm for 15 minutes.
• 31, 20 g of the silane hydrolyzate slowly added together with another 1, 65 g of 18 wt .-% hydrochloric acid.
• the pH value must not exceed a value of about 3, since above this the dispersion becomes highly viscous.
• the mixture is post-dispersed for a further 60 minutes by means of Ultra Turrax at 20,500 rpm.
• the quaternary aminosilane is prepared as follows:
• Anhydrous ethanolic quaternary silane system prepared from chloropropyltriethoxysilane and tetramethylethylenediamine. Apparatus: Büchi autoclave with sump thermometer, manometer and N2 overlay

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