WO2010113941A1 - 被処理体の冷却方法および被処理体処理装置 - Google Patents
被処理体の冷却方法および被処理体処理装置 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2010113941A1 WO2010113941A1 PCT/JP2010/055687 JP2010055687W WO2010113941A1 WO 2010113941 A1 WO2010113941 A1 WO 2010113941A1 JP 2010055687 W JP2010055687 W JP 2010055687W WO 2010113941 A1 WO2010113941 A1 WO 2010113941A1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/67—Apparatus specially adapted for handling semiconductor or electric solid state devices during manufacture or treatment thereof; Apparatus specially adapted for handling wafers during manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or electric solid state devices or components ; Apparatus not specifically provided for elsewhere
- H01L21/683—Apparatus specially adapted for handling semiconductor or electric solid state devices during manufacture or treatment thereof; Apparatus specially adapted for handling wafers during manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or electric solid state devices or components ; Apparatus not specifically provided for elsewhere for supporting or gripping
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/67—Apparatus specially adapted for handling semiconductor or electric solid state devices during manufacture or treatment thereof; Apparatus specially adapted for handling wafers during manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or electric solid state devices or components ; Apparatus not specifically provided for elsewhere
- H01L21/67005—Apparatus not specifically provided for elsewhere
- H01L21/67011—Apparatus for manufacture or treatment
- H01L21/67098—Apparatus for thermal treatment
- H01L21/67109—Apparatus for thermal treatment mainly by convection
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/67—Apparatus specially adapted for handling semiconductor or electric solid state devices during manufacture or treatment thereof; Apparatus specially adapted for handling wafers during manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or electric solid state devices or components ; Apparatus not specifically provided for elsewhere
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a cooling method for cooling an object to be processed and an object processing apparatus capable of executing the cooling method.
- a high-temperature process such as a film formation process or a heat treatment is performed on a semiconductor wafer (hereinafter referred to as a wafer) that is a target object.
- a wafer a semiconductor wafer
- the temperature of the wafer In order to unload a wafer processed at a high temperature from the processing apparatus, the temperature of the wafer must be cooled to a safe temperature.
- the wafer is cooled in a load lock chamber that performs pressure conversion between a reduced pressure state and an atmospheric state, and the wafer is naturally cooled when returning from the reduced pressure state to the atmospheric pressure state (for example, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2001-2001). 319885).
- the wafer is naturally cooled while returning from the reduced pressure state to the atmospheric pressure state, the wafer is cooled from the edge, so that a temperature difference occurs between the edge and the center.
- the diameter of the wafer is increasing, and the temperature difference between the edge and the center tends to increase. Further, the miniaturization of elements is also progressing, and there is a tendency that the demand for suppressing the deformation of the wafer, such as the warping of the wafer due to the temperature difference between the edge and the center, becomes severe.
- the expansion of the temperature difference between the edge and the center can be suppressed, and the warpage of the wafer and the occurrence of cracks can be suppressed.
- the present invention is capable of executing a cooling method of an object to be processed capable of improving the throughput while suppressing the occurrence of wafer warping and cracking exceeding an allowable range, and the cooling method.
- An object processing apparatus is provided.
- a cooling method for an object to be processed according to a first aspect of the present invention is a cooling method for cooling an object to be processed, the step of placing the object to be processed in a heated state on a stage, And a step of cooling the object to be processed by spraying a cooling gas onto a region in the vicinity of the center including the center of the object to be processed.
- an object processing apparatus is provided with a load lock chamber capable of pressure conversion between a reduced pressure state and an atmospheric pressure state, the load lock chamber, and the object to be processed is placed thereon.
- a cooling gas discharge section that is provided in the load lock chamber so as to be opposed to the stage and blows a cooling gas to the object to be processed placed on the stage.
- the top view which shows roughly an example of the to-be-processed object processing apparatus which can perform the cooling method of the to-be-processed object which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention
- Sectional drawing which shows the 1st example of a load lock chamber roughly Diagram showing temperature distribution of wafer Diagram showing the relationship between wafer position and temperature difference Diagram showing the relationship between wafer position and temperature difference Diagram showing the relationship between wafer position and temperature difference Diagram showing the relationship between wafer position and temperature difference Sectional drawing which expands and shows the shower head vicinity shown in FIG.
- FIG. 6 is a plan view schematically showing the shower head shown in FIG.
- Sectional drawing which shows the 4th example of a load lock room roughly Sectional drawing which shows the 5th example of a load lock chamber roughly Sectional drawing which shows the 5th example of a load lock chamber roughly Sectional drawing which shows the 5th example of a load lock chamber roughly Sectional drawing which shows the 6th example of a load lock chamber roughly Sectional drawing which shows the 6th example of a load lock chamber roughly Sectional drawing which shows the 7th example of a load lock chamber roughly The top view which shows roughly the modification of a substrate processing apparatus
- FIG. 1 is a plan view schematically showing an example of an object processing apparatus capable of executing an object cooling method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- This example illustrates a target object processing apparatus that is used for manufacturing a semiconductor device as a target object processing apparatus and performs processing on a wafer, for example.
- the present invention is not applied only to an object processing apparatus for processing a wafer.
- an object processing apparatus 1 includes a processing unit 2 that performs processing on a wafer W, a loading / unloading unit 3 that loads and unloads the wafer W into the processing unit 2, and an apparatus 1
- the control part 4 which controls is provided.
- the object processing apparatus 1 is a cluster tool type (multi-chamber type) semiconductor manufacturing apparatus.
- the processing unit 2 includes two processing chambers (PM) for processing the wafer W (processing chambers 21a and 21b).
- PM processing chambers
- Each of these processing chambers 21a and 21b is configured so that the inside thereof can be depressurized to a predetermined degree of vacuum.
- PVD processing for example, sputtering processing, which is processing at high vacuum (low pressure) is performed.
- TM transfer chamber
- G1 and G2 gate valves
- the loading / unloading unit 3 includes a loading / unloading chamber (LM) 31.
- the carry-in / out chamber 31 can be adjusted to be slightly positive with respect to the atmospheric pressure or almost atmospheric pressure, for example, with respect to the external atmospheric pressure.
- the plane shape of the carry-in / out chamber 31 is a rectangle having a long side when viewed from the plane and a short side perpendicular to the long side. The long side of the rectangle is adjacent to the processing unit 2.
- the direction along the long side is called the Y direction
- the direction along the short side is called the X direction
- the height direction is called the Z direction.
- the loading / unloading chamber 31 includes a load port (LP) to which the carrier C in which the wafer W is accommodated is attached.
- LP load port
- three substrate load ports 32 a, 32 b, and 32 c are provided along the Y direction on the long side of the loading / unloading chamber 31 facing the processing unit 2.
- the number of load ports is three, but the number is not limited to these, and the number is arbitrary.
- Each of the load ports 32a to 32c is provided with a shutter (not shown). When a wafer C storing or empty carrier C is attached to these load ports 32a to 32c, the shutter (not shown) is released.
- the inside of the carrier C and the inside of the carry-in / out chamber 31 are communicated with each other while preventing the entry of outside air.
- a load lock chamber (LLM), in this example, two load lock chambers 51a and 51b are provided.
- Each of the load lock chambers 51a and 51b is configured to be able to switch the inside to a predetermined degree of vacuum and atmospheric pressure or almost atmospheric pressure.
- the load lock chambers 51a and 51b are connected to one side of the loading / unloading chamber 31 opposite to one side where the load ports 32a to 32c are provided via the gate valves G3 and G4, and are transferred via the gate valves G5 and G6. It is connected to two sides of the chamber 22 other than the two sides to which the processing chambers 21a and 21b are connected.
- the load lock chambers 51a and 51b communicate with the loading / unloading chamber 31 by opening the corresponding gate valve G3 or G4, and are disconnected from the loading / unloading chamber 31 by closing the corresponding gate valve G3 or G4. Further, the corresponding gate valve G5 or G6 is opened to communicate with the transfer chamber 22, and the corresponding gate valve G5 or G6 is closed to be shut off from the transfer chamber 22.
- a loading / unloading mechanism 35 is provided inside the loading / unloading chamber 31.
- the loading / unloading mechanism 35 loads / unloads the wafer W with respect to the substrate carrier C to be processed.
- the wafer W is carried into and out of the load lock chambers 51a and 51b.
- the carry-in / out mechanism 35 has, for example, two articulated arms 36a and 36b, and is configured to be able to run on a rail 37 extending along the Y direction. Hands 38a and 38b are attached to the tips of the articulated arms 36a and 36b. The wafer W is placed on the hand 38a or 38b, and the loading / unloading of the wafer W described above is performed.
- a transfer mechanism 24 for transferring the wafer W to and from the process chambers 21a and 21b and the load lock chambers 51a and 51b.
- the transport mechanism 24 is disposed substantially at the center of the transport chamber 22.
- the transport mechanism 24 has, for example, a plurality of transfer arms that can rotate and extend.
- holders 25a and 25b are attached to the tips of the transfer arms 24a and 24b having two transfer arms 24a and 24b.
- the wafer W is held by the holder 25a or 25b, and as described above, the wafer W is transferred between the processing chambers 21a and 21b and the load lock chambers 51a and 51b.
- the processing unit 4 includes a process controller 41, a user interface 42, and a storage unit 43.
- the process controller 41 is composed of a microprocessor (computer).
- the user interface 42 includes a keyboard on which an operator performs command input operations for managing the workpiece processing apparatus 1, a display for visualizing and displaying the operating status of the workpiece processing apparatus 1, and the like.
- the storage unit 43 performs processing on the workpiece processing apparatus 1 according to a control program, various data, and processing conditions for realizing processing performed in the workpiece processing apparatus 1 under the control of the process controller 41.
- the recipe is stored in a storage medium in the storage unit 43.
- the storage medium can be read by a computer, and can be, for example, a hard disk or a portable medium such as a CD-ROM, a DVD, or a flash memory. Moreover, you may make it transmit a recipe suitably from another apparatus via a dedicated line, for example.
- Arbitrary recipes are called from the storage unit 43 by an instruction from the user interface 42 and executed by the process controller 41, whereby processing on the wafer W is performed in the workpiece processing apparatus 1 under the control of the process controller 41. Is implemented.
- FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing a first example of the load lock chamber 51a or 51b.
- a stage on which the wafer W is placed in this example, a cooling stage, for example, a cooling stage 52 having a water cooling type cooling mechanism 52a is arranged. ing.
- the top wall 53 of the load lock chamber 51a or 51b is provided with a cooling gas discharge part, in this example, a shower head 54.
- the shower head 54 is provided to face the cooling stage 52.
- the wafer W is placed on the cooling stage 52 so that the center of the wafer W coincides with the center of the shower head 54.
- Cooling gas is supplied to the shower head 54 from the cooling gas supply mechanism 60 via the flow rate adjustment valve 61.
- the cooling gas include an inert gas such as nitrogen (N 2 ) gas, helium (He) gas, and argon (Ar) gas, and a rare gas.
- N 2 nitrogen
- He helium
- Ar argon
- a plurality of cooling gas discharge holes 54 a are formed on the surface of the shower head 54 facing the cooling stage 52.
- the diameter ⁇ S of the shower head 54 is set smaller than the diameter ⁇ W of the wafer W.
- the cooling gas 70 is not sprayed uniformly over the entire surface of the wafer W, but is locally sprayed in the vicinity of the center including the center of the wafer W. be able to.
- a gas exhaust port 56 is formed in the bottom wall 55 of the load lock chamber 51a or 51b.
- the gas exhaust port 56 is connected to an exhaust device 62 that exhausts the pressure inside the load lock chamber 51a or 51b to a predetermined degree of vacuum.
- a gas introduction port 57 is formed in the bottom wall 55 of the load lock chamber 51a or 51b.
- the gas inlet 57 is connected to the cooling gas supply mechanism 60 via a flow rate adjusting valve 63.
- the pressure inside the load lock chamber 51a or 51b is almost the same as the pressure inside the loading / unloading chamber 31 by introducing cooling gas from the gas inlet 57 and the shower head 54, for example, atmospheric pressure, or loading / unloading.
- the pressure can be increased to a pressure slightly lower than the pressure inside the chamber 31.
- FIG. 3 is a view showing the in-plane temperature distribution of the wafer W. As shown in FIG.
- the temperature of the wafer W decreases from the edge, and the center is most difficult to decrease. For this reason, in the process of lowering the temperature of the wafer W, an in-plane temperature difference that is high at the center and low at the edge occurs (line I in the figure). If the in-plane temperature difference is large, the wafer W may warp during cooling or the wafer W may crack.
- the allowable range of warpage of the wafer W is, for example, 0.6 mm or less for the wafer W having a diameter ⁇ W of 300 mm.
- FIG. 4A shows the in-plane temperature difference when the pressure around the wafer W is 1 Pa and the wafer W is heated to about 500 ° C.
- the diameter W of the wafer W is 300 mm, the temperature measurement points are the center (0 mm), the middle (distance ⁇ 75 mm from the center), and the vicinity of the edge (distance ⁇ 140 mm from the center).
- the temperature near the edge is about 500 ° C.
- FIG. 4A shows a state cooled to about 70 ° C.
- the in-plane temperature difference in the vicinity of the center, middle, and edge is about 6 ° C. or less (about 70 ° C. in the center and about 64 ° C. in the vicinity of the edge). Become. That is, the in-plane temperature difference is relaxed as compared to the maximum of about 25 ° C. before the start of cooling.
- the in-plane temperature difference increases during the cooling process.
- the expansion of the in-plane temperature difference during cooling can cause, for example, warping of the wafer W exceeding 0.6 mm and generation of cracks.
- the cooling gas 70 is locally blown to a region near the center including the center of the wafer W using the shower head 54.
- the temperature drop in the region near the center of the wafer W is controlled to be equal to the temperature drop in the region near the edge of the wafer W.
- the cooling gas 70 is sprayed, that is, the wafer W is cooled, for example, when the pressure is changed from the reduced pressure state to the atmospheric pressure state in the load lock chamber 51a or 51b.
- the cooling gas may be supplied also from the gas introduction port 57 into the load lock chamber 51a or 51b to perform pressure conversion from the reduced pressure state to the atmospheric pressure state.
- the cooling of the wafer W is performed using the cooling gas 70 and the cooling mechanism 52a.
- the cooling gas 70 is locally blown to a region in the vicinity of the center including the center of the wafer W to forcibly increase the temperature drop in the region in the vicinity of the center of the wafer W. For this reason, the wafer W is cooled more quickly than in the case where the pressure is slowly returned from the reduced pressure state to the atmospheric pressure state and cooling is performed while suppressing the temperature of the edge of the wafer W from rapidly decreasing. Can do.
- the temperature drop in the region near the center of the wafer W is controlled to be equal to the temperature drop in the region near the edge of the wafer W. For this reason, it is possible to suppress warping of the wafer W and occurrence of cracks exceeding the allowable range.
- (First example) 6 is an enlarged cross-sectional view showing the vicinity of the shower head 54 shown in FIG.
- the cooling gas 70 discharged from the shower head 54 has a flow velocity distribution that is fast at the center of the wafer W and slows as it approaches the edge of the wafer W (III line in the figure). This is because, for example, the diameter ⁇ S of the shower head 54 is set smaller than the diameter ⁇ W of the wafer W.
- the flow rate of the cooling gas 70 can be maximized at the center of the wafer W. Further, the flow velocity distribution of the cooling gas 70 can be fast in a region near the center including the center of the wafer W, and can be slowed toward the edge of the wafer W from the region near the center.
- the center of the wafer W where the temperature is most unlikely to be lowered can be efficiently cooled, and conversely, the cooling effect is weakened toward the edge of the wafer W where the temperature is likely to be lowered. Can do. For this reason, it is possible to obtain an advantage that the temperature of the center of the wafer W is easily brought close to the temperature of the edge of the wafer W.
- the setting of the diameter ⁇ S of the shower head 54 for example, it can be set according to the in-plane temperature difference of the wafer W before the start of cooling.
- the diameter ⁇ S of the shower head 54 matches the region where the in-plane temperature difference is 20 ° C. or more. It may be the size.
- FIG. 7A shows an in-plane temperature distribution when a wafer W having a diameter ⁇ W of 300 mm is heated to about 500 ° C.
- This in-plane temperature distribution is the same as the in-plane temperature distribution shown in FIG. 4A.
- the region where the in-plane temperature difference is 20 ° C. or more is a region within a distance of ⁇ 75 mm from the center.
- the diameter ⁇ S of the shower head 54 is set to 150 mm.
- the wafer W may be placed on the stage 52 so that the center thereof coincides with the center of the shower head 54.
- the area in the vicinity of the center including the center of the wafer W is an area within a radius of 75 mm from the center of the wafer W.
- the region where the temperature of the wafer W is desired to be reduced is not limited to the region where the in-plane temperature difference is 20 ° C. or more, and the in-plane temperature difference may be other than 20 ° C.
- the region where the temperature is to be decreased is, for example, a region where the in-plane temperature difference is 15 ° C. or more, as shown in FIG.
- the diameter ⁇ S of the shower head 54 may be set to 200 mm.
- the wafer W may be placed on the stage 52 so that the center thereof coincides with the center of the shower head 54.
- the area in the vicinity of the center including the center of the wafer W is an area within a radius of 100 mm from the center of the wafer W.
- the diameter ⁇ S of the shower head 54 may be set to 100 mm.
- a region in the vicinity of the center including the center of the wafer W is a region within a radius of 50 mm from the center of the wafer W.
- the diameter ⁇ S of the shower head 54 may be set based on the diameter ⁇ W of the wafer W and the size of the region where the temperature is desired to be reduced.
- the size of the region where the temperature is desired to be lowered may be determined based on the in-plane temperature difference generated in the wafer W during heating.
- the flow velocity distribution as shown by the line III in FIG. 6 can be obtained, for example, by using a nozzle 54b instead of the shower head 54 as shown in FIG.
- FIG. 10 shows a plan view of the plurality of spaces 54c and 54d shown in FIG.
- the flow rate of the cooling gas 70 discharged from the space 54c including the center of the shower head 54 is changed by changing the supply flow rate of the cooling gas to the space 54c.
- the flow rate of the cooling gas 70 discharged from the space 54d outside the space 54c can be made faster. That is, in the vicinity of the region including the center of the wafer W, in particular, by blowing the cooling gas 70 at a higher flow rate to the portion close to the center, the cooling efficiency of the region near the center including the center of the wafer W is further increased. It can also be increased.
- a flow rate controller such as a speed controller may be provided in the cooling gas supply path, and the flow rate of the cooling gas 70 discharged may be adjusted using this speed controller.
- the flow rate of the discharged cooling gas 70 can also be adjusted by adjusting the flow rate of the cooling gas 70.
- a flow rate regulator such as a mass flow controller may be provided in the cooling gas supply path, and the flow rate of the cooling gas may be adjusted using this mass flow controller.
- a first cooling gas having a high cooling effect is introduced into the space 54c including the center of the shower head 54, A second gas having a cooling effect lower than that of the first gas may be supplied to the space 54d outside the space 54c.
- An example of the first gas is helium (He) gas
- an example of the second gas is nitrogen (N 2 ) gas.
- the flow rate of the helium gas can be made faster than the flow rate of the nitrogen gas, and the center of the wafer W can be set.
- the cooling efficiency of the area in the vicinity of the center can be further increased.
- the cooling efficiency of the center of the wafer W can be further increased, and the cooling effect can be controlled to become weaker toward the edge of the wafer W.
- the diameter of the shower head 54 can be increased to the same size as the diameter of the wafer W, as shown in FIG. 11.
- the flow rate of the cooling gas may be gradually decreased toward the outer spaces 54d, 54e, 54f, and 54g so that a flow velocity distribution is obtained toward the outer side as indicated by line III.
- the flow rate of the discharged cooling gas 70 is adjusted in the cooling gas supply path by, for example, a flow rate regulator such as a speed controller or, for example, a mass flow controller. It can be realized by providing such a flow rate regulator and adjusting the flow rate or flow rate of the cooling gas using the flow rate regulator or the flow rate regulator.
- a first cooling gas for example, helium (He) gas
- a second gas for example, nitrogen (N 2 )
- N 2 nitrogen
- the temperature drop of the wafer W is closely related to the distance D between the shower head 54 and the wafer W. For example, when the distance D between the shower head 54 and the wafer W is close, the cooling efficiency increases, and when the distance D is far, the cooling efficiency tends to decrease. It is also possible to control the temperature drop of the wafer W by utilizing such a tendency.
- the mounting table 52 may be configured to be height-adjustable, and the distance D between the shower head 54 and the wafer W may be variable. .
- the mounting table 52 has a structure capable of adjusting the height in the height direction.
- the height of the shower head 54 can be adjusted in the height direction.
- FIG. 14 shows an example in which two shower heads 54 according to the first example shown in FIG. 6 are attached to the top wall 53 as an example.
- the deformation related to the seventh example is not limited to the first example, and can be applied to any of the second to sixth examples.
- the wafer W is not provided with a load lock chamber 51a or 51b, but a cooling chamber (CM) 81 for cooling the wafer W is provided on the processing unit 2 side. Alternatively, it may be cooled after processing.
- the cooling chamber 81 employs the structure as shown in the first to seventh examples. Thereby, also in the cooling chamber 81 provided in the process part 2 side, the same advantage as the said 1st example thru
- Heating temperature of the object to be processed in which one embodiment can be suitably implemented In the object to be processed, there is a case where there is a temperature called a deformation point at which the deformation suddenly progresses or sudden deformation occurs.
- a temperature a temperature of about 450 ° C. corresponds to the deformation point.
- the silicon wafer is heated from a temperature of 450 ° C. or lower to a temperature exceeding 450 ° C., the silicon wafer is suddenly deformed.
- even if it is cooled from a temperature of 450 ° C. or higher to a temperature of less than 450 ° C. abrupt deformation occurs.
- the above-described embodiment can be suitably used for a cooling process performed after heating to a temperature of 450 ° C. or higher when the object to be processed is a silicon wafer.
- the physical upper limit of the heating temperature is about 1410 to 1420 ° C. or lower of the melting point of silicon.
- 900 degreeC can be mentioned as a practical upper limit in an actual process.
- a cooling method for an object to be processed capable of improving the throughput while suppressing the occurrence of wafer warping and cracking exceeding an allowable range, and this cooling method.
- the to-be-processed object processing apparatus which can be performed can be obtained.
- the stage is the cooling mechanism 52 including the cooling mechanism 52a that cools the wafer W.
- the stage does not necessarily include the cooling mechanism 52a.
- the gas inlet 57 is provided in the load lock chamber 51a or 51b, and the cooling gas is introduced from the gas inlet 57 when the pressure is changed from the reduced pressure state to the atmospheric pressure state.
- An example of the atmospheric pressure state was shown.
- the gas introduction port 57 is not provided, and the cooling gas may not be introduced from the gas introduction port 57 at the time of pressure conversion from the reduced pressure state to the atmospheric pressure state.
- the pressure conversion from the reduced pressure state to the atmospheric pressure state is performed only by introducing the cooling gas from the cooling gas discharge unit, in the above-described embodiment, the shower head 54 or the nozzle 54b.
- the cooling is performed until the object to be processed after heating, for example, the wafer W after heating is put in a reduced pressure state having a high pressure of 1 Pa and returned to an atmospheric pressure state.
- the embodiment described above can be used for cooling to return from 1 to 70000 Pa to the atmospheric pressure state (about 100000 Pa) even if the pressure around the heated wafer W is not 1 Pa.
- it can be used for cooling to return to a pressure between 20000 Pa and atmospheric pressure without returning to atmospheric pressure.
- a semiconductor wafer is exemplified as the object to be processed
- a silicon wafer is exemplified as the semiconductor wafer.
- the above-described embodiment is not limited to a silicon wafer, but can be applied to other semiconductor wafers such as SiC, GaAs, InP, and the like.
- the object to be processed is not limited to a semiconductor wafer, and may be a glass substrate used for manufacturing an FPD or a solar cell.
- the present invention can be applied to any object to be processed as long as it is heated.
- a possible object processing apparatus can be provided.
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Abstract
Description
シャワーヘッド54から冷却ガスを導入することで、搬入出室31の内部の圧力とほぼ同じ圧力、例えば、大気圧、又は搬入出室31の内部の圧力よりも僅かに低い圧力まで高めることが可能とされている。
図6は、図2に示すシャワーヘッド54の近傍を拡大して示す断面図である。
また、図6中のIII線に示したような流速分布は、例えば、図8に示すように、シャワーヘッド54に代えて、ノズル54bとすることでも得ることができる。
また、例えば、図9に示すように、シャワーヘッド54の場合には、シャワーヘッド54の内部を、空間54c、54dのように同心円状に2つ以上の複数の空間に区画するようにしても良い。図10に、図9に示す複数の空間54c、54dの平面図を示しておく。
冷却ガスの流速 = 冷却ガスの流量/冷却ガス吐出孔54aの総面積
と定義すれば、冷却ガス70の流量を調節することでも、吐出される冷却ガス70の流速を調節することができる。この場合には、冷却ガスの供給経路中に流量調節器、例えば、マスフローコントローラを設け、このマスフローコントローラを用いて冷却ガスの流量を調節すれば良い。
また、図9及び図10に示したシャワーヘッド54によれば、図11に示すように、シャワーヘッド54の直径を、ウエハWの直径と同じ大きさまで大きくすることもできる。
さらに、ウエハWの低下温度は、シャワーヘッド54とウエハWとの間の間隔Dにも、密接に関係する。例えば、シャワーヘッド54とウエハWとの間の間隔Dが近いと冷却効率が高まり、間隔Dが遠いと冷却効率は低くなる傾向を示す。このような傾向を利用して、ウエハWの低下温度を制御することも可能である。
ウエハWとシャワーヘッド54との間隔を可変とする場合、第5例では、載置台52を高さ方向の高さ調節が可能な構造とした。しかし、図13A及び図134Bに示すように、シャワーヘッド54の高さ方向の高さ調節が可能な構造とすることも可能である。
第1例乃至第6例においては、ロードロック室51a又は51bに、一つのシャワーヘッド54又はノズル54bを取り付けた例を説明した。
第1例乃至第7例においては、ウエハWを、基板処理装置1のロードロック室51a又は51bにおいて冷却する例を示した。
被処理体には、急激に変形が進む、又は急な変形を起こす変形点と呼ばれる温度が存在することがある。例えば、被処理体がウエハWであり、その材質がシリコンである場合には、温度約450℃が上記変形点にあたる。シリコンウエハは、450℃以下の温度から温度450℃を超えて加熱されると急な変形を起こす。反対に、450℃以上の温度から温度450℃未満に冷却されても急な変形を起こす。
Claims (22)
- 被処理体を冷却する冷却方法であって、
加熱状態にある被処理体をステージ上に載置する工程と、
前記ステージ上に載置された前記被処理体のセンターを含むセンター近傍の領域に冷却ガスを吹き付け、前記被処理体を冷却する工程と、
を具備する被処理体の冷却方法。 - 450℃以上の温度に加熱された前記被処理体が、前記ステージに載置されて冷却される請求項1に記載の被処理体の冷却方法。
- 前記被処理体のセンターを含むセンター近傍の領域が、前記被処理体のセンターから半径75mm以内の領域である請求項1に記載の被処理体の冷却方法。
- 前記冷却ガスの流速が、前記被処理体のセンターで最大とされる請求項1に記載の被処理体の冷却方法。
- 前記冷却ガスが、冷却効果が高い第1の冷却ガスと、前記第1の冷却ガスよりも冷却効果が低い第2の冷却ガスとを含み、
前記第1の冷却ガスを、前記被処理体のセンターを含むセンター近傍の領域に吹き付け、
前記第2の冷却ガスを、前記被処理体の、前記センター近傍の領域の外側の領域に吹き付けられる請求項1に記載の被処理体の冷却方法。 - 前記ステージが前記被処理体を冷却する冷却機構を有し、
前記冷却ガスと、前記冷却機構とを用いて、前記被処理体を冷却する請求項1に記載の被処理体の冷却方法。 - 前記ステージが前記被処理体を冷却する冷却機構を有し、
前記冷却ガスと、前記冷却機構とを用いて、前記被処理体を冷却する請求項4に記載の被処理体の冷却方法。 - 前記ステージが前記被処理体を冷却する冷却機構を有し、
前記冷却ガスと、前記冷却機構とを用いて、前記被処理体を冷却する請求項5に記載の被処理体の冷却方法。 - 減圧状態と大気圧状態とで圧力変換が可能なロードロック室と、
前記ロードロック室内に設けられ、被処理体が載置されるステージと、
前記ロードロック室内に、前記ステージに相対して設けられ、前記ステージ上に載置された前記被処理体に冷却ガスを吹き付ける冷却ガス吐出部と、
を具備する被処理体処理装置。 - 450℃以上の温度に加熱された前記被処理体が、前記ステージに載置されて冷却される請求項9に記載の被処理体処理装置。
- 前記冷却ガス吐出部がノズルである請求項9に記載の被処理体処理装置。
- 前記冷却ガス吐出部がシャワーヘッドであり、
前記シャワーヘッドの直径が、前記被処理体の直径よりも小さい請求項9に記載の被処理体処理装置。 - 前記シャワーヘッドの直径が150mm以内である請求項12に記載の被処理体処理装置。
- 前記シャワーヘッドの内部が、複数の空間に同心円状に区画されている請求項12に記載の被処理体処理装置。
- 前記冷却ガス吐出部がシャワーヘッドであり、
前記シャワーヘッドの内部が、複数の空間に同心円状に区画されている請求項9に記載の被処理体処理装置。 - 前記冷却ガスが、冷却効果が高い第1の冷却ガスと、前記第1の冷却ガスよりも冷却効果が低い第2の冷却ガスとを含み、
前記複数の空間のうち、前記シャワーヘッドのセンターを含む空間に、前記第1の冷却ガスが供給され、
前記第2の冷却ガスが、前記第1の冷却ガスが供給された空間よりも外側にある空間に供給される請求項14に記載の被処理体処理装置。 - 前記冷却ガスが、冷却効果が高い第1の冷却ガスと、前記第1の冷却ガスよりも冷却効果が低い第2の冷却ガスとを含み、
前記複数の空間のうち、前記シャワーヘッドのセンターを含む空間に、前記第1の冷却ガスが供給され、
前記第2の冷却ガスが、前記第1の冷却ガスが供給された空間よりも外側にある空間に供給される請求項15に記載の被処理体処理装置。 - 前記ステージが、前記被処理体を冷却する冷却機構を、さらに備えている請求項9に記載の被処理体処理装置。
- 前記ステージが、前記被処理体を冷却する冷却機構を、さらに備えている請求項11に記載の被処理体処理装置。
- 前記ステージが、前記被処理体を冷却する冷却機構を、さらに備えている請求項12に記載の被処理体処理装置。
- 前記ステージが、前記被処理体を冷却する冷却機構を、さらに備えている請求項14に記載の被処理体処理装置。
- 前記ロードロック室が、大気圧状態で前記被処理体を搬入出する搬入出室と、減圧状態で前記被処理体に処理を施す複数の処理室間で前記被処理体を搬送する搬送室との間に設けられ、前記大気圧状態と前記減圧状態との間で圧力変換をする部分であり、
前記被処理体の冷却が、前記減圧状態から前記大気圧状態へと圧力変換をする際に実行されることを特徴とする請求項9に記載の被処理体処理装置。
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WO2012117696A1 (ja) * | 2011-03-03 | 2012-09-07 | パナソニック株式会社 | 半導体基板の表面エッチング装置、およびそれを用いて表面に凹凸形状が形成された半導体基板を製造する方法 |
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JP2020021952A (ja) * | 2017-07-07 | 2020-02-06 | 東京エレクトロン株式会社 | 載置台構造 |
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JP7365924B2 (ja) | 2020-02-13 | 2023-10-20 | 東京エレクトロン株式会社 | ティーチング方法 |
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