WO2010074112A1 - リニア電動機 - Google Patents
リニア電動機 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2010074112A1 WO2010074112A1 PCT/JP2009/071378 JP2009071378W WO2010074112A1 WO 2010074112 A1 WO2010074112 A1 WO 2010074112A1 JP 2009071378 W JP2009071378 W JP 2009071378W WO 2010074112 A1 WO2010074112 A1 WO 2010074112A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- permanent magnet
- coil
- magnet row
- linear motor
- motor according
- Prior art date
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Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
- H02P25/00—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of AC motor or by structural details
- H02P25/02—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of AC motor or by structural details characterised by the kind of motor
- H02P25/06—Linear motors
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
- H02K1/22—Rotating parts of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/27—Rotor cores with permanent magnets
- H02K1/2706—Inner rotors
- H02K1/272—Inner rotors the magnetisation axis of the magnets being perpendicular to the rotor axis
- H02K1/274—Inner rotors the magnetisation axis of the magnets being perpendicular to the rotor axis the rotor consisting of two or more circumferentially positioned magnets
- H02K1/2753—Inner rotors the magnetisation axis of the magnets being perpendicular to the rotor axis the rotor consisting of two or more circumferentially positioned magnets the rotor consisting of magnets or groups of magnets arranged with alternating polarity
- H02K1/278—Surface mounted magnets; Inset magnets
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K41/00—Propulsion systems in which a rigid body is moved along a path due to dynamo-electric interaction between the body and a magnetic field travelling along the path
- H02K41/02—Linear motors; Sectional motors
- H02K41/03—Synchronous motors; Motors moving step by step; Reluctance motors
- H02K41/031—Synchronous motors; Motors moving step by step; Reluctance motors of the permanent magnet type
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K41/00—Propulsion systems in which a rigid body is moved along a path due to dynamo-electric interaction between the body and a magnetic field travelling along the path
- H02K41/02—Linear motors; Sectional motors
- H02K41/035—DC motors; Unipolar motors
- H02K41/0352—Unipolar motors
- H02K41/0354—Lorentz force motors, e.g. voice coil motors
- H02K41/0356—Lorentz force motors, e.g. voice coil motors moving along a straight path
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
- H02K1/12—Stationary parts of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/17—Stator cores with permanent magnets
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K7/00—Arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with dynamo-electric machines, e.g. structural association with mechanical driving motors or auxiliary dynamo-electric machines
- H02K7/08—Structural association with bearings
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a linear electric motor that can respond to a high-speed response, and is lighter and can obtain a large thrust.
- Patent Document 1 and Patent Document 2 as a method of using the Halbach array, a field composed of a conventional iron core and a permanent magnet is widely replaced with a Halbach array for the purpose of increasing torque. Yes.
- the wheel in motor is comprised using the magnet whose density is smaller than iron on the outer rotor side, and the rotation part inertia moment of an electric wheel is reduced. In each of these, a magnetic path is formed using an iron core on the armature side, and the magnetic resistance of the magnetic circuit formed by the field is reduced.
- Patent Document 4 discloses a linear motor in which a Halbach array field formed on a yoke is opposed to a gap, and an armature coil winding is disposed on a plane in the gap.
- the armature current in the coil end is linked to the field magnetic flux in the direction opposite to the traveling direction of the linear motor or in the traveling direction. For this reason, not only thrust is not generated in a part of the armature coil, but electromagnetic force acts in a direction perpendicular to the traveling direction, and not only high thrust cannot be obtained, but also the life of the armature coil is reduced. There was a problem.
- Patent Document 5 discloses a Halbach linear motor that does not use an iron core.
- an armature coil is arranged so that a field is constituted by a columnar permanent magnet array and one of the permanent magnet array fields opposed to each other through a gap is surrounded. For this reason, there is a problem that a part of the armature coil does not interlink with the magnetic flux generated by the field and the generated thrust is reduced.
- the conventional linear motor has a problem that the weight / thrust ratio is large due to the use of the iron core, and the power consumption is large.
- a coil armature is also arranged around the field, but not all the magnetic flux of the field is linked to the coil, which eventually increases the weight / thrust ratio. It was.
- the present invention has been made based on such circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to provide a linear motor that can reduce the weight / thrust ratio, suppress the power consumption, and reduce the operation cost. .
- the linear electric motor according to the present invention includes a first permanent magnet array configured by adjoining the permanent magnets so that the magnetic poles of the annular or arc-shaped permanent magnets rotate 90 degrees at the maximum in a cross section including the central axis thereof.
- a magnetic pole of an annular or arc-shaped permanent magnet has a magnetization vector radial direction component in the same direction as the first permanent magnet row and a magnetization vector axial direction component opposite to the first permanent magnet row.
- a plurality of coils composed of two permanent magnet rows and a conductor located between the first permanent magnet row and the second permanent magnet row and disposed outside the second permanent magnet row And a coil support means for fixing the plurality of coils and moving in parallel with respect to the central axis of the second permanent magnet row, and the first permanent magnet row and the second permanent magnet row, respectively.
- Magnetization vector of magnetic pole Magnet fixing means for fixing the coils so that their radial components are in the same direction, and coil exciting means for exciting the coil and generating a predetermined thrust between the coil support means and the magnet fixing means. It is comprised and comprises.
- a strong magnetic flux can be linked to the armature coil without using an iron core, and the entire armature coil is linked to the magnetic flux of the field.
- the linear motor of the present invention since a strong magnetic field is linked to the entire armature coil, the weight / thrust ratio can be reduced, power consumption during operation can be suppressed, and the operating cost can be reduced.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing the overall structure of the first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line A-A ′ in the above embodiment.
- FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line C-C ′ in the above embodiment.
- FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line B-B ′ in the above embodiment.
- FIG. 5 is a block diagram showing the configuration of the drive device in the above embodiment.
- FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram showing the overall structure of the second embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line A-A ′ in the above embodiment.
- FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line C-C ′ in the above embodiment.
- FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line B-B ′ in the above embodiment.
- (First embodiment) 1 to 4 are views showing the configuration of the linear motor according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- the linear motor 1 includes a columnar stator 5 attached to a fixing member 3 fixed to the ground side by a predetermined method (not shown), and an axial direction of the stator 5 that is located on the opposite side of the fixing member 3.
- a cylindrical movable element 7 having a notch that can be moved to the movable element 7 and a drive device 9 that supplies electric power from an external power source 8 to the movable element 7.
- the stator 5 is an outer permanent as a first permanent magnet row configured by adjoining the permanent magnets so that the magnetic poles of a pair of arc-shaped permanent magnets rotate by 90 degrees in a cross section including the central axis.
- Magnet array 11, outer pipe 13 as a first annular fixing member on which the first permanent magnet array is fixed to the inner inner surface by a predetermined method, and a magnetization vector radius in the same direction as outer permanent magnet array 11
- An inner permanent magnet row 15 as a second permanent magnet row having a directional component and a magnetization vector axis direction component opposite to that of the outer permanent magnet row 11, and the inner permanent magnet row 15 are fixed by a predetermined method.
- a support plate 25 as a positioning member for preventing the movement of the outer permanent magnet row 11 in the inner circumferential direction is fixed to the inner upper portion and the inner lower portion of the outer pipe 13 by a predetermined method.
- the support plate 25 is fixed to the outer pipe 13 and fixed to the outer permanent magnet row 11, and there is no problem.
- the first permanent magnet row and the second permanent magnet row have substantially the same magnetization energy, so that there is no gap between the outer permanent magnet row 11 and the inner permanent magnet row 15. An extremely large amount of radial magnetic flux is distributed.
- the mover 7 is attached to a winding ring 33 having a U-shaped cross section around which the three-phase coil 31 is wound, and upper and lower corners of the winding ring 33, and the winding ring 33 extends along the guide rod 21. It consists of a linear bush 35 for guiding, an output ring 37 having a notch fixed to the winding ring 33 by a method not shown, and a notch fixing plate 39 for fixing the notch of the output ring 37 by a method not shown. ing.
- a lead-out path 43 for leading out a lead wire 41 as power transmission means for introducing three-phase AC power into the three-phase coil 31 from the notch fixing plate 39 includes the output ring 37 and the notch fixing plate 39. Is provided.
- the winding ring 33 and the linear bush 35 function as coil support means.
- the three-phase coil 31 is disposed in a gap in which a large amount of magnetic flux in the radial direction is distributed, most of the magnetic flux is linked to the three-phase coil 31 at right angles, and a large thrust is generated with less current.
- the lead wire 41 is connected to a driving device 9 as coil exciting means.
- the drive device 9 includes a power converter 53 and a power supply power converter 55 that transfer power through a bus 51.
- the bus bar 51 is connected to a smoothing capacitor 57 or the same power storage device 59 as power storage means.
- the power consumption in the three-phase coil 31 and the power from the three-phase coil 31 are Even during power regeneration, the voltage fluctuation of the bus 51 is kept small.
- the power storage device 59 includes a battery 61, a resistor 63, and a diode 65. When power is supplied from the battery 61, no power is consumed by the resistor 63, and when the battery 61 is charged, a part of the charging power is charged by the resistor 63. Is configured to be consumed. Thereby, overcharge of the battery 61 is suppressed.
- a plurality of smoothing capacitors 57 and power storage devices 59 may be arranged at appropriate locations on the bus bar 51.
- the power converter 53 includes a PWM inverter 67 and a thrust controller 69.
- the thrust controller 69 is a power conversion element (not shown) of the PWM inverter 67 so that a thrust equal to a thrust command value input to the thrust controller 69 from the outside of the driving device 9 is generated in the three-phase coil 31. Controls the firing angle of the group.
- the power supply power converter 55 includes an inverter 71 and a regenerative power reception controller 73.
- the regenerative power reception controller 73 regenerates the electric power stored in the smoothing capacitor 57 and the battery 61 to the power source 8 based on an external regenerative power reception command signal, and an inverter for storing the electric power from the power source 8 Controls the firing angle of 71.
- the thrust controller 69 detects a relative position of the three-phase coil 31 with respect to the outer permanent magnet row 11 and a current sensor 75 that detects at least the U-phase and W-phase excitation currents of the U, V, and W phases of the three-phase coil 31.
- a position sensor 77 is provided. Torque control is performed based on signals from these sensors.
- the position sensor 77 is composed of a scale 79 attached to the upper part of the inner surface of the outer pipe 13 of the stator 5 and an optical pickup 81 for detecting the scale of the scale 79, and the detected position information is extracted. Needless to say, it is introduced into the driving device 9 via a position sensor output line (not shown) bundled as a line 41. Further, the position information of the position sensor 77 is converted into movement distance information of the mover 5 by the thrust controller 69 and output to the outside of the driving device 9. Thereby, speed control and positioning control of the mover 5 can be performed by an external control device.
- the mover 7 stops without outputting any thrust.
- a thrust command value is introduced from the external control device into the driving device 9 to move the mover 7 to a predetermined position
- the excitation current of the three-phase coil 31 is detected by the U-phase and W-phase current sensors 75.
- the position sensor 77 detects the positions of the three-phase coil 31 with respect to the outer and inner permanent magnet rows 11 and 15, and the thrust controller 69 generates three thrusts with an excitation current that should generate a thrust that matches the thrust command value.
- the mover 7 starts moving toward a predetermined position by the thrust generated in the three-phase coil 31.
- the mover 7 continues to move according to a predetermined control such as speed control or positioning control according to a thrust command value output from an external control device, and the mover 7 reaches a predetermined position to operate the linear motor 1. finish.
- a predetermined control such as speed control or positioning control according to a thrust command value output from an external control device
- the mover 7 reaches a predetermined position to operate the linear motor 1. finish.
- the thrust command value from the external control device becomes zero
- this zero thrust command value is introduced into the thrust controller 69, the excitation current to the three-phase coil 31 becomes zero, and the device is again stopped. .
- the iron core and the yoke are not present in the main magnetic flux formed by the outer and inner permanent magnet rows 11 and 15 or in the vicinity of the three-phase coil 31, and therefore the three-phase coil has a small self-inductance Even if the mover 7 moves at a high speed, the voltage required to pass a predetermined excitation current to the three-phase coil 31 is reduced, and the voltage requirement for the power supply 8 is reduced. Further, since the mover 7 does not require an iron core or a yoke, the weight can be reduced, and most of the three-phase coil 31 is linked to the main magnetic flux formed by the outer and inner permanent magnet rows 11 and 15, so that the thrust / weight The ratio is improved. For this reason, the controllability in the high-speed response of the needle
- the permanent magnet array is configured as a stator.
- this does not limit the use of the permanent magnet array as a stator.
- the coil support means is used as a stator, there is an advantage that reliability is improved because no force is applied to the lead wire 41 and the risk of disconnection or damage can be avoided.
- the linear motor 1 includes a stator 5 fixed to the ground side by means (not shown) having the outer permanent magnet row 11' and the inner permanent magnet row 15 as a stator field, and a mover having an armature as a three-phase coil 31. 7 and a drive unit 9.
- the stator 5 includes an outer permanent magnet row 11 ′ as a first permanent magnet row that is configured by adjoining the permanent magnet so that the magnetic poles of the ring permanent magnet rotate by 90 degrees in a cross section including the central axis thereof.
- the first permanent magnet row and the second permanent magnet row hold substantially the same magnetization energy, so that there is no gap between the outer permanent magnet row 11 and the inner permanent magnet row 15. An extremely large amount of radial magnetic flux is distributed.
- a guide bar 21 ′ is attached to the stator 5 according to the present embodiment on the outer upper part and the outer lower part of the outer pipe 13 via guide bar support members 111 and 113. Electrodes 103, 105, 107, 109, which are divided into two parts in the range from the end on the guide bar support member 111 side to the guide bar support member 111, are fixed to the surface of the guide bar 21 '. Lead wires 41 from the electrodes are bundled by a predetermined method and introduced into the driving device 9 via a lead-out path 43 provided in the guide rod support member 111. On one fixed plate 23, an optical pickup 81 for detecting the scale of the scale 79 provided in the movable element 7 is attached at a predetermined position.
- the mover 7 includes the winding ring 33, an output ring 37 having a notch fixed at both ends of the winding ring 33, and a notch for fixing the notch of the output ring 37 by a method not shown.
- each of the electrodes 103 is connected.
- the winding ring 33 and the linear bushes 35 ′, 35 ′′ function as coil support means.
- the lead wire 41, the sliding electrode 101, and the electrodes 103, 105, 107, 109 are power sources. As a means of communication.
- the magnetic field generated by the outer permanent magnet row 11 ′ and the inner permanent magnet row 15 interlinks with the entire circumference of the three-phase coil 31. It can be converted into thrust efficiently. Even if the mover 7 moves, the sliding electrode 101 moves while being in contact with the stator side electrodes 103, 105, 107, and 109. Therefore, even if the mover 7 is suddenly accelerated or decelerated, the lead wire 41 is moved. There is an advantage that the reliability and durability of the apparatus are improved without being damaged.
- the scale and the optical pickup are used as the position sensor for obtaining the position information of the mover relative to the stator.
- this does not limit the means for acquiring the position information.
- a sensorless method of estimating the position from the back electromotive force of the type position sensor or the three-phase coil 31 may be used.
- either the permanent magnet array or the coil support means is configured as the stator.
- both the coil support means and the permanent magnet array may be movable and may be configured to move relative to each other.
- Power supply power converter 57 ... Smoothing capacitor, 59 ... Power storage device, 61 ... Battery, 63 ... Resistor, 65 ... Diode, 67 ... PWM inverter, 69 ... Thrust controller, 71 ... Inverter, 73 ... Regenerative power reception controller, 75 ... Current sensor, 77 ... Position sensor, 79 ... scale, 81 ... optical pickup, 101 ... sliding electrode, 103, 105, 107, 109 ... electrode.
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Abstract
Description
図1乃至図4は本発明の第一の実施形態にかかわるリニア電動機の構成を示す図であり、その全体構成が1で示されている。
次に、本発明の第2の実施の形態を図6乃至図9に基いて説明する。なお、簡単のため、同一部分には同一記号を付して説明は省略する。
Claims (14)
- 円環状もしくは円弧状の永久磁石の磁極がその中心軸を含む断面において最大でも90度づつ回転するよう当該永久磁石を隣接させて構成される第1の永久磁石列と、
円環状もしくは円弧状の永久磁石の磁極が前記第1の永久磁石列と同じ向きの磁化ベクトル半径方向成分を有するとともに前記第1の永久磁石列と逆向きの磁化ベクトル軸方向成分を有する第2の永久磁石列と、
前記第1の永久磁石列と前記第2の永久磁石列との間に位置し、前記第2の永久磁石列の外側に配置された導体で構成される複数のコイルと、
複数の前記コイルが固定されるとともに前記第2の永久磁石列の中心軸に対して当該コイルを平行に移動するコイル支持手段と、
前記第2の永久磁石列と前記第2の永久磁石列をそれぞれの磁極の磁化ベクトル半径方向成分が同じ向きとなるように対向させて固定する磁石固定手段と、
前記コイルを励磁し、前記コイル支持手段と前記磁石固定手段との間に所定の推力を発生させるコイル励磁手段と、
前記コイル励磁手段の出力する電力を前記コイルに伝達するための電力伝達手段と、
を備えていることを特徴とするリニア電動機。 - 前記磁石固定手段が当該手段を地上側に固定する固定部材を備えていることを特徴とする請求項1記載のリニア電動機。
- 前記コイル支持手段が当該手段を地上側に固定する固定部材を備えていることを特徴とする請求項1記載のリニア電動機。
- 前記コイル励磁手段がPWMインバータを備えていることを特徴とする請求項1記載のリニア電動機。
- 前記コイル励磁手段が前記コイル支持手段もしくは前記磁石固定手段の運動エネルギーを電力として回生する回生手段を備えていることを特徴とする請求項1記載のリニア電動機。
- 前記コイル励磁手段が前記コイル支持手段の運動エネルギーを電力として電源に回生する回生手段を備えていることを特徴とする請求項2記載のリニア電動機。
- 前記コイル励磁手段が前記磁石固定手段の運動エネルギーを電力として電源に回生する回生手段を備えていることを特徴とする請求項3記載のリニア電動機。
- 前記回生手段に回生されるべき電力を蓄える電力貯蔵手段を備えていることを特徴とする請求項5記載のリニア電動機。
- 前記第1の永久磁石列と前記第2の永久磁石列が略等しい磁化エネルギーを保持していることを特徴とする請求項1記載のリニア電動機。
- 前記電力伝達手段が摺動部を備えていることを特徴とする請求項1記載のリニア電動機。
- 前記第1の永久磁石列が当該磁石列を外側から固定する第1の円環状固定部材を具備していることを特徴とする請求項1記載のリニア電動機。
- 前記第2の永久磁石列が当該磁石列を内側から固定する第2の円環状固定部材を具備していることを特徴とする請求項1記載のリニア電動機。
- 前記第1の円環状固定部材が当該円環状固定部材の内側に前記第1の永久磁石列を位置決めする位置決め部材を備えていることを特徴とする請求項11記載のリニア電動機。
- 前記コイル支持手段が、前記第1の円環状固定部材の外側に具備されていることを特徴とする請求項11記載のリニア電動機。
Priority Applications (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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BRPI0923573A BRPI0923573A2 (pt) | 2008-12-25 | 2009-12-24 | motor linear |
CN2009801518829A CN102265490B (zh) | 2008-12-25 | 2009-12-24 | 线性电动机 |
EP09834910.3A EP2372886B1 (en) | 2008-12-25 | 2009-12-24 | Linear motor |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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JP2008-331349 | 2008-12-25 | ||
JP2008331349A JP5404029B2 (ja) | 2008-12-25 | 2008-12-25 | リニア電動機 |
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WO2010074112A1 true WO2010074112A1 (ja) | 2010-07-01 |
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PCT/JP2009/071378 WO2010074112A1 (ja) | 2008-12-25 | 2009-12-24 | リニア電動機 |
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EP (1) | EP2372886B1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP5404029B2 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN102265490B (ja) |
BR (1) | BRPI0923573A2 (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2010074112A1 (ja) |
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EP2372886A1 (en) | 2011-10-05 |
EP2372886A4 (en) | 2017-08-09 |
EP2372886B1 (en) | 2019-10-02 |
CN102265490B (zh) | 2013-06-26 |
BRPI0923573A2 (pt) | 2016-01-26 |
JP5404029B2 (ja) | 2014-01-29 |
JP2010154688A (ja) | 2010-07-08 |
CN102265490A (zh) | 2011-11-30 |
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