WO2010041381A1 - 信号処理回路 - Google Patents
信号処理回路 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2010041381A1 WO2010041381A1 PCT/JP2009/004814 JP2009004814W WO2010041381A1 WO 2010041381 A1 WO2010041381 A1 WO 2010041381A1 JP 2009004814 W JP2009004814 W JP 2009004814W WO 2010041381 A1 WO2010041381 A1 WO 2010041381A1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03H—IMPEDANCE NETWORKS, e.g. RESONANT CIRCUITS; RESONATORS
- H03H21/00—Adaptive networks
- H03H21/0012—Digital adaptive filters
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03H—IMPEDANCE NETWORKS, e.g. RESONANT CIRCUITS; RESONATORS
- H03H17/00—Networks using digital techniques
- H03H17/02—Frequency selective networks
- H03H17/0248—Filters characterised by a particular frequency response or filtering method
- H03H17/0264—Filter sets with mutual related characteristics
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03H—IMPEDANCE NETWORKS, e.g. RESONANT CIRCUITS; RESONATORS
- H03H17/00—Networks using digital techniques
- H03H17/02—Frequency selective networks
- H03H17/0294—Variable filters; Programmable filters
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03H—IMPEDANCE NETWORKS, e.g. RESONANT CIRCUITS; RESONATORS
- H03H17/00—Networks using digital techniques
- H03H17/02—Frequency selective networks
- H03H17/04—Recursive filters
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03H—IMPEDANCE NETWORKS, e.g. RESONANT CIRCUITS; RESONATORS
- H03H17/00—Networks using digital techniques
- H03H17/02—Frequency selective networks
- H03H17/06—Non-recursive filters
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03H—IMPEDANCE NETWORKS, e.g. RESONANT CIRCUITS; RESONATORS
- H03H17/00—Networks using digital techniques
- H03H17/02—Frequency selective networks
- H03H17/04—Recursive filters
- H03H2017/0477—Direct form I
- H03H2017/0483—Transposed
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a signal processing circuit suitable for use in processing an audio signal by digital signal processing.
- IIR Infinite Impulse Response
- FIR Finite Impulse Response
- the IIR filter includes an IIR coefficient output unit 30 that outputs a filter coefficient corresponding to the transfer function of the IIR filter, adders 31 and 32, multipliers 33 to 37, and delay units 38 and 39.
- the IIR filter has a feature that it is easy to set an arbitrary frequency characteristic, and as shown in FIG. 3, since a calculation error is accumulated due to the feedback loop, the calculation accuracy is poor.
- the FIR filter has an FIR coefficient output unit 40 that outputs a filter coefficient corresponding to the transfer function of the FIR filter, an adder 41, multipliers 42 to 44, and delay units 45 and 46. It consists of and. Further, since multiplication and addition per coefficient for each filter is completed only once for each signal, there is no error accumulation, and therefore high accuracy of calculation is provided, but only a portion having frequency characteristics is changed. Such adjustments are difficult and have poor adjustability.
- the required number of taps is less than that of the conventional FIR system, and the necessary area is the IIR filter. Less.
- the hybrid FIR / IIR filter described above does not use the FIR filter and the IIR filter by switching them. Therefore, the IIR filter has the ease of adjustment and the FIR filter has high accuracy with few calculation errors. It is not something that has both.
- the FIR filter obtained here has the amplitude characteristic of the square of the IIR filter, if frequency correction is performed using this FIR filter, excessive correction is performed, and there is a problem that adjustment ease is impaired. .
- the IIR filter corrects 6 dB
- the FIR filter corrects 12 dB.
- the present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems, and provides a high-performance signal processing circuit that combines the ease of adjustment of the IIR filter and the high accuracy of the FIR filter with less calculation error. For the purpose.
- a signal processing circuit stores an IIR filter that processes a digital signal according to a filter coefficient set corresponding to a transfer function, an FIR filter, and a filter coefficient of the IIR filter.
- An IIR filter coefficient storage unit a filter coefficient conversion unit that generates an FIR filter coefficient having the same transfer function as the IIR filter coefficient from the IIR filter coefficient stored in the IIR filter coefficient storage unit, and the filter coefficient conversion unit
- An FIR filter coefficient storage unit for storing the generated FIR filter coefficient; and an FIR having the same transfer function as the IIR filter coefficient by enabling the IIR filter and controlling the filter coefficient conversion unit when adjusting the transfer function Generate filter coefficients and signal processing Or in which and a control unit to enable the FIR filter at a stage where the adjustment is completed.
- the present invention it is possible to provide a high-performance signal processing circuit that has both the ease of adjustment that the IIR filter has and the high accuracy that the FIR filter has little calculation error.
- FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing an internal configuration of a signal processing circuit according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
- the signal processing circuit according to the first embodiment of the present invention includes a control unit 10, an IIR filter 11, an FIR filter 12, an IIR filter coefficient storage unit 13, and an FIR filter coefficient storage unit. 14, a filter coefficient conversion unit 15, and a switching unit 16.
- the IIR filter 11 has a feature that it is easy to set an arbitrary frequency characteristic. Since the IIR filter 11 has a feedback loop, the calculation error is accumulated and the calculation accuracy is poor. Since each signal is multiplied and added per filter coefficient only once, it provides high-precision calculation accuracy without accumulating errors, but adjustments such as changing only parts with frequency characteristics Is characterized by difficulty.
- Each of the IIR filter 11 and the FIR filter 12 processes a digital signal according to a filter coefficient set corresponding to a transfer function, and is mounted on, for example, a DSP (Digital Signal Processor).
- DSP Digital Signal Processor
- the IIR filter coefficient storage unit 13 stores the IIR filter coefficient of the IIR filter 11
- the FIR filter coefficient storage unit 14 stores the FIR filter coefficient generated by the filter coefficient conversion unit 15.
- the filter coefficient conversion unit 15 generates an FIR filter coefficient having the same transfer function as the IIR filter coefficient from the IIR filter coefficient stored in the IIR filter coefficient storage unit 13 under the control of the control unit 10.
- the filter coefficient conversion unit 15 generates an FIR filter coefficient having the same transfer function as the IIR filter coefficient from the IIR filter coefficient by an impulse response measured under the control of the control unit 10 or by an operation such as inverse Fourier transform.
- the control unit 10 controls the configuration coefficient control unit 15 that determines which one of the IIR filter 11 and the FIR filter 12 is activated, and the filter coefficient conversion unit 15 to the filter coefficient conversion unit 15. And a function of generating FIR filter coefficients having the same transfer function and storing them in the FIR filter coefficient storage unit 14. That is, when adjusting the transfer function (adjustment mode), the control unit 10 enables the IIR filter 11 via the switching unit 16 according to the selection operation by the user, and controls the filter coefficient conversion unit 15 to be the same as the IIR filter coefficient. An FIR filter coefficient having a transfer function is generated. Further, the control unit 10 enables the FIR filter 12 via the switching unit 16 according to the selection operation by the user at the time of signal processing (signal processing mode) or at the stage where the adjustment is completed.
- the control unit 10, the IIR filter coefficient storage unit 13, the FIR filter coefficient storage unit 14, the filter coefficient conversion unit 15, and the switching unit 16 described above are mounted on, for example, an MPU (Micro Processor) including a memory. Is done. At this time, the IIR filter coefficient storage unit 13 and the FIR filter coefficient storage unit 14 are allocated and stored in the memory. Note that the memory may be externally attached.
- MPU Micro Processor
- FIG. 2 is a flowchart showing the operation of the signal processing circuit according to the first embodiment of the present invention. The operation of the signal processing circuit according to the first embodiment of the present invention shown in FIG. 1 will be described in detail below with reference to the flowchart of FIG.
- Step ST201 In the adjustment mode in which the signal processing circuit is adjusted to an arbitrary transfer function (Step ST201 “Adjustment”), the control unit 10 first performs configuration setting for enabling the IIR filter 11 (Step ST202). That is, the signal processing circuit is set to an adjustment mode that is activated and activated when the IIR filter 11 is selected by the switching unit 16. Then, it is determined whether or not the adjustment is completed (step ST203). If NO, the adjustment is repeated. If YES, the control unit 10 controls the filter coefficient conversion unit 15 and is stored in the IIR filter coefficient storage unit 13. Based on the IIR filter coefficients, FIR filter coefficients having the same transfer function as the IIR filter coefficients are generated (step ST204). The FIR filter coefficient generated here is stored in the FIR filter coefficient storage unit 14 by the control unit 10.
- the control unit 10 When the filter coefficient conversion unit 15 generates an FIR filter coefficient having the same transfer function as the IIR filter coefficient, the control unit 10 inputs an impulse signal to the filter coefficient conversion unit 15 and measures the impulse response. That is, the control unit 10 once regards the signal processing circuit configured by the IIR filter 11 as a black box, inputs an impulse signal to the signal processing circuit, and measures the impulse response. As is well known, this impulse response is equivalent to the calculation of the filter coefficient of the IIF filter 11, and if the FIR filter 12 having this value as a coefficient is configured, the characteristic equivalent to the IIR filter 11 ( Transfer function) can be realized by the FIR filter 12.
- the FIR filter coefficient having the same transfer function as the IIR filter coefficient is generated by the impulse response.
- the control unit 10 calculates the numerical value of the polynomial, or The filter coefficient may be calculated by a known calculation such as discrete inverse Fourier transform (IDFT: Inverse Discrete Fourier Transform).
- IDFT discrete inverse Fourier transform
- the control unit 10 changes the configuration of the FIR filter having the same transfer function as the IIR filter generated by the filter coefficient conversion unit 15 (step ST205). That is, the signal processing circuit shifts to a state in which the FIR filter 12 having the same transfer function as the filter coefficient of the IIR filter 11 is selected and activated by the switching unit 16 to perform signal processing.
- the control unit 10 sets the configuration of the FIR filter 12 (step ST206) and controls the switching unit 16. Then, the start of signal processing by the FIR filter 12 is instructed (step ST207).
- control unit 10 changes the configuration setting to the IIR filter 11 again, and after reconfiguration, replaces the configuration setting with the FIR filter 12 having the same transfer function again.
- the two types of filter coefficients of the IIR filter 11 and the FIR filter 12 that always have the same transfer function are prepared, and the adjustment is performed to adjust to an arbitrary transfer function.
- the IIR filter 11 is configured, and when the adjustment is completed, or in the case of the signal processing mode, the configuration is changed to the FIR filter 12 having the same transfer function, so that the IIR filter 11 can be easily adjusted. And high accuracy with few calculation errors of the FIR filter 12 can be obtained.
- the filter coefficient of the FIR filter 12 having an equivalent transfer function is automatically generated using the IIR filter 11 capable of transmitting a signal in real time. The FIR filter coefficient can be generated in time, and the calculation load on the signal processing circuit is reduced.
- the impulse response is measured and the FIR filter coefficient having a transfer function equivalent to the IIR filter 11 is generated.
- the control unit 10 may substitute a numerical calculation of a polynomial or an IDFT calculation. Further, when the impulse response is too long, the control unit 10 can effectively reduce the amount of calculation by performing a convolution operation using a window function appropriate for the impulse response.
- a rectangular window, a Gaussian window, a Hamming window, etc. are used as an appropriate window function here.
- the filter operation on the time axis is equivalent to the multiplication on the frequency axis
- the FIR filter coefficient and the input signal are frequency converted, and these are multiplied on the frequency axis. By doing so, it is possible to further reduce the amount of calculation.
- the filtering process of the frequency axis field can be realized by a calculation method known as overlap-add or overlap-save.
- control unit 10 enables the IIR filter 11 when adjusting the transfer function and controls the filter coefficient conversion unit 15 to generate an FIR filter coefficient having the same transfer function as the IIR filter coefficient.
- Data processing for enabling the FIR filter 12 when the adjustment is completed may be realized on a computer by one or a plurality of programs, or at least a part thereof may be realized by hardware.
- the signal processing circuit according to the present invention can provide a high-performance signal processing circuit that has both the ease of adjustment of the IIR filter and the high accuracy of the FIR filter with less calculation error. It is suitable for use in a signal processing circuit suitable for processing.
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Abstract
Description
図3にIIRフィルタ、図4にFIRフィルタのそれぞれにおける信号処理のアルゴリズムがシグナルフロー図として示されている。
これに対し、FIRフィルタは、図4に示されるように、FIRフィルタの伝達関数に対応したフィルタ係数を出力するFIR係数出力器40、加算器41、乗算器42~44、遅延器45、46とで構成されている。そして、各信号に対してフィルタ1係数あたり乗算と加算が各1回のみで完結するため、誤差の蓄積がなく、したがって高精度な演算精度を提供するが、周波数特性のある部分だけを変更する等の調整は困難であり調整性が悪いという特徴を持つ。
また、多項式の数値演算、あるいは離散的逆フーリエ変換等の複雑な演算を行うことなく、IIRフィルタのインパルス応答を測定することでFIRフィルタ係数を求める設計方法も知られている(例えば、特許文献2参照)。
しかしながら、上記したハイブリッドFIR/IIRフィルタは、FIRフィルタとIIRフィルタとを切り替えて使用するものではなく、したがって、IIRフィルタが持つ調整容易性と、FIRフィルタが持つ演算誤差の少ない高精度性とを両立させて持つものではない。
更に、ここで得られるFIRフィルタは、IIRフィルタ2乗の振幅特性になるため、このFIRフィルタを用いて周波数補正を行うと過剰な補正になってしまい、調整容易性が損なわれるという課題もある。例えば、IIRフィルタで6dB補正すると、FIRフィルタでは12dBも補正することになる。
実施の形態1.
図1は、この発明の実施の形態1に係る信号処理回路の内部構成を示すブロック図である。
図1に示されるように、この発明の実施の形態1に係る信号処理回路は、制御部10と、IIRフィルタ11と、FIRフィルタ12と、IIRフィルタ係数格納部13と、FIRフィルタ係数格納部14と、フィルタ係数変換部15と、切替え部16と、で構成されている。
IIRフィルタ11ならびにFIRフィルタ12は、いずれも伝達関数に対応して設定されるフィルタ係数にしたがいデジタル信号を処理するものであり、例えば、DSP(Digital Signal Processor)に実装される。
フィルタ係数変換部15は、制御部10による制御の下で、IIRフィルタ係数格納部13に格納されたIIRフィルタ係数からIIRフィルタ係数と同じ伝達関数を有するFIRフィルタ係数を生成する。フィルタ係数変換部15は、制御部10による制御の下で計測されるインパルス応答により、あるいは逆フーリエ変換等の演算によりIIRフィルタ係数からIIRフィルタ係数と同じ伝達関数を有するFIRフィルタ係数を生成する。
すなわち、制御部10は、伝達関数の調整時(調整モード)、ユーザによる選択操作にしたがい切替え部16を介してIIRフィルタ11を有効とし、フィルタ係数変換部15を制御してIIRフィルタ係数と同じ伝達関数を有するFIRフィルタ係数を生成させる。また、制御部10は、信号処理時(信号処理モード)もしくは調整が完了した段階でユーザによる選択操作にしたがい切替え部16を介してFIRフィルタ12を有効にする。
このとき、メモリには、IIRフィルタ係数格納部13と、FIRフィルタ係数格納部14とが割り付けられ記憶される。なお、メモリは外付けされても構わない。
以下、図2のフローチャートを参照しながら、図1に示すこの発明の実施の形態1に係る信号処理回路の動作について詳細に説明する。
そして、調整完了かを判断し(ステップST203)、NOの場合は調整を繰り返し、YESの場合は、制御部10は、フィルタ係数変換部15を制御し、IIRフィルタ係数格納部13に格納されたIIRフィルタ係数に基づき、IIRフィルタ係数と同じ伝達関数を有するFIRフィルタ係数を生成する(ステップST204)。ここで生成されたFIRフィルタ係数は、制御部10によりFIRフィルタ係数格納部14に格納される。
すなわち、制御部10は、一旦、IIRフィルタ11で構成設定された信号処理回路をブラックボックスと見なし、その信号処理回路にインパルス信号を入力してそのインパルス応答を計測する。このインパルス応答は、IIFフィルタ11のフィルタ係数を算出したことと等価であることは周知のとおりであり、この値を係数とするFIRフィルタ12を構成設定すれば、IIRフィルタ11と等価な特性(伝達関数)をFIRフィルタ12で実現することができる。
また、ステップST201のモード判定処理において、信号処理モードと判定された場合(ステップST201“信号処理”)、制御部10は、FIRフィルタ12に構成を設定し(ステップST206)、切替え部16を制御してFIRフィルタ12による信号処理の開始を指示する(ステップST207)。
また、本発明の実施の形態1に係る信号処理回路によれば、リアルタイムで信号伝達が可能なIIRフィルタ11を使用して伝達関数が等価なFIRフィルタ12のフィルタ係数を自動生成するため、短時間でFIRフィルタ係数を生成でき、かつ、信号処理回路の演算負荷が軽減される。
また、インパルス応答が長すぎる場合は、制御部10が、インパルス応答に適切な窓関数による畳み込み演算を行うことで効果的に演算量を削減することも可能である。なお、ここでいう適切な窓関数としては、矩形窓、ガウス窓、ハミング窓等が使用される。
なお、周波数軸場のフィルタ処理は、Overlap-addやOverlap-saveとして周知の演算手法により実現が可能である。
例えば、制御部10が、伝達関数の調整時、IIRフィルタ11を有効とし、フィルタ係数変換部15を制御してIIRフィルタ係数と同じ伝達関数を有するFIRフィルタ係数を生成させるとともに、信号処理時もしくは調整が完了した段階でFIRフィルタ12を有効とするデータ処理は、1または複数のプログラムによりコンピュータ上で実現してもよく、また、その少なくとも一部をハードウェアで実現してもよい。
Claims (5)
- 伝達関数に対応して設定されるフィルタ係数にしたがいデジタル信号を処理するIIRフィルタ、ならびにFIRフィルタと、
前記IIRフィルタのフィルタ係数を格納するIIRフィルタ係数格納部と、
前記IIRフィルタ係数格納部に格納されたIIRフィルタ係数から前記IIRフィルタ係数と同じ伝達関数を有するFIRフィルタ係数を生成するフィルタ係数変換部と、
前記フィルタ係数変換部により生成されるFIRフィルタ係数を格納するFIRフィルタ係数格納部と、
前記伝達関数の調整時、前記IIRフィルタを有効とし、前記フィルタ係数変換部を制御して前記IIRフィルタ係数と同じ伝達関数を有するFIRフィルタ係数を生成させるとともに、信号処理時もしくは前記調整が完了した段階で前記FIRフィルタを有効とする制御部と、
を備えたことを特徴とする信号処理回路。 - 前記制御部は、
前記フィルタ係数変換部にインパルス信号を入力し、計測されるインパルス応答を前記IIRフィルタ係数と同じ伝達関数を有するFIRフィルタ係数として前記FIRフィルタ係数格納部に格納することを特徴とする請求項1記載の信号処理回路。 - 前記制御部は、
前記IIRフィルタ係数格納部に格納されたIIRフィルタ係数を該IIRフィルタ係数と同じ伝達関数を有するFIRフィルタ係数に変換することを特徴とする請求項1記載の信号処理回路。 - 前記制御部は、
前記インパルス応答が所定長の時間閾値を超えた場合、前記インパルス応答に所定の窓関数による畳み込み演算を行うことを特徴とする請求項2記載の信号処理回路。 - 前記制御部は、
前記インパルス応答が所定長の時間閾値を超えた場合、入力信号と前記FIRフィルタ係数格納部に格納されたFIRフィルタ係数とを周波数変換し、周波数変換された入力信号とFIRフィルタ係数を乗算することを特徴とする請求項2記載の信号処理回路。
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US10008997B2 (en) | 2015-03-02 | 2018-06-26 | Clarion Co., Ltd. | Filter generator, filter generation method, and filter generation program |
WO2017183405A1 (ja) | 2016-04-19 | 2017-10-26 | クラリオン株式会社 | 音響処理装置および音響処理方法 |
US10396745B2 (en) | 2016-04-19 | 2019-08-27 | Clarion Co., Ltd. | Audio processor and audio processing method |
US10788100B2 (en) * | 2018-05-25 | 2020-09-29 | Duraflex Hong Kong Limited | Cord fastener |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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DE112009002137T5 (de) | 2012-01-19 |
CN102124650A (zh) | 2011-07-13 |
JPWO2010041381A1 (ja) | 2012-03-01 |
US8583717B2 (en) | 2013-11-12 |
CN102124650B (zh) | 2014-03-19 |
US20110113081A1 (en) | 2011-05-12 |
JP5068373B2 (ja) | 2012-11-07 |
DE112009002137B4 (de) | 2014-09-04 |
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