WO2010017894A2 - Metallfasern für katalysatorvliese - Google Patents
Metallfasern für katalysatorvliese Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2010017894A2 WO2010017894A2 PCT/EP2009/005521 EP2009005521W WO2010017894A2 WO 2010017894 A2 WO2010017894 A2 WO 2010017894A2 EP 2009005521 W EP2009005521 W EP 2009005521W WO 2010017894 A2 WO2010017894 A2 WO 2010017894A2
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- boron
- fibers
- phosphorus
- metal
- weight
- Prior art date
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- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 239000004745 nonwoven fabric Substances 0.000 title description 15
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 title description 13
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric oxide Chemical compound O=[N] MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Palladium Chemical compound [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000005275 alloying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- LELOWRISYMNNSU-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydrogen cyanide Chemical compound N#C LELOWRISYMNNSU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229910052741 iridium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- GKOZUEZYRPOHIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iridium atom Chemical compound [Ir] GKOZUEZYRPOHIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- KJTLSVCANCCWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ruthenium Chemical compound [Ru] KJTLSVCANCCWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 229910052707 ruthenium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000010948 rhodium Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 229910052703 rhodium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- MHOVAHRLVXNVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N rhodium atom Chemical compound [Rh] MHOVAHRLVXNVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 229910052702 rhenium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- WUAPFZMCVAUBPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N rhenium atom Chemical compound [Re] WUAPFZMCVAUBPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 229910000510 noble metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 8
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 11
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 11
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000005496 eutectics Effects 0.000 description 5
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- JKWMSGQKBLHBQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N diboron trioxide Chemical compound O=BOB=O JKWMSGQKBLHBQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910052810 boron oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000010970 precious metal Substances 0.000 description 3
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GQPLMRYTRLFLPF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitrous Oxide Chemical compound [O-][N+]#N GQPLMRYTRLFLPF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Zr]=O MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000374 eutectic mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen(2-);zirconium(4+) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[Zr+4] RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910001928 zirconium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910000521 B alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910011255 B2O3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000914 Metallic fiber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001252 Pd alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001260 Pt alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910019017 PtRh Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007380 fibre production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011835 investigation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002074 melt spinning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001272 nitrous oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XSKIUFGOTYHDLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N palladium rhodium Chemical compound [Rh].[Pd] XSKIUFGOTYHDLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- -1 platinum group metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- PXXKQOPKNFECSZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum rhodium Chemical compound [Rh].[Pt] PXXKQOPKNFECSZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005204 segregation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003746 surface roughness Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004753 textile Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J23/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00
- B01J23/38—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of noble metals
- B01J23/40—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of noble metals of the platinum group metals
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J23/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00
- B01J23/38—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of noble metals
- B01J23/40—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of noble metals of the platinum group metals
- B01J23/46—Ruthenium, rhodium, osmium or iridium
- B01J23/464—Rhodium
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J23/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00
- B01J23/38—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of noble metals
- B01J23/54—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of noble metals combined with metals, oxides or hydroxides provided for in groups B01J23/02 - B01J23/36
- B01J23/56—Platinum group metals
- B01J23/64—Platinum group metals with arsenic, antimony, bismuth, vanadium, niobium, tantalum, polonium, chromium, molybdenum, tungsten, manganese, technetium or rhenium
- B01J23/652—Chromium, molybdenum or tungsten
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J23/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00
- B01J23/70—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of the iron group metals or copper
- B01J23/89—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of the iron group metals or copper combined with noble metals
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J35/00—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties
- B01J35/30—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their physical properties
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J35/00—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties
- B01J35/50—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their shape or configuration
- B01J35/56—Foraminous structures having flow-through passages or channels, e.g. grids or three-dimensional monoliths
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J35/00—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties
- B01J35/50—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their shape or configuration
- B01J35/58—Fabrics or filaments
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J35/00—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties
- B01J35/60—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their surface properties or porosity
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J35/00—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties
- B01J35/60—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their surface properties or porosity
- B01J35/61—Surface area
- B01J35/617—500-1000 m2/g
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J37/00—Processes, in general, for preparing catalysts; Processes, in general, for activation of catalysts
- B01J37/08—Heat treatment
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J37/00—Processes, in general, for preparing catalysts; Processes, in general, for activation of catalysts
- B01J37/28—Phosphorising
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F1/00—Metallic powder; Treatment of metallic powder, e.g. to facilitate working or to improve properties
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F1/00—Metallic powder; Treatment of metallic powder, e.g. to facilitate working or to improve properties
- B22F1/06—Metallic powder characterised by the shape of the particles
- B22F1/062—Fibrous particles
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/002—Manufacture of articles essentially made from metallic fibres
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F9/00—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof
- B22F9/02—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes
- B22F9/06—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B21/00—Nitrogen; Compounds thereof
- C01B21/20—Nitrogen oxides; Oxyacids of nitrogen; Salts thereof
- C01B21/24—Nitric oxide (NO)
- C01B21/26—Preparation by catalytic or non-catalytic oxidation of ammonia
- C01B21/265—Preparation by catalytic or non-catalytic oxidation of ammonia characterised by the catalyst
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01C—AMMONIA; CYANOGEN; COMPOUNDS THEREOF
- C01C3/00—Cyanogen; Compounds thereof
- C01C3/02—Preparation, separation or purification of hydrogen cyanide
- C01C3/0208—Preparation in gaseous phase
- C01C3/0212—Preparation in gaseous phase from hydrocarbons and ammonia in the presence of oxygen, e.g. the Andrussow-process
- C01C3/0216—Preparation in gaseous phase from hydrocarbons and ammonia in the presence of oxygen, e.g. the Andrussow-process characterised by the catalyst used
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C5/00—Alloys based on noble metals
- C22C5/04—Alloys based on a platinum group metal
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
- F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
- F01N3/24—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by constructional aspects of converting apparatus
- F01N3/28—Construction of catalytic reactors
- F01N3/2803—Construction of catalytic reactors characterised by structure, by material or by manufacturing of catalyst support
- F01N3/2807—Metal other than sintered metal
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
- F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
- F01N3/24—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by constructional aspects of converting apparatus
- F01N3/28—Construction of catalytic reactors
- F01N3/2803—Construction of catalytic reactors characterised by structure, by material or by manufacturing of catalyst support
- F01N3/2835—Construction of catalytic reactors characterised by structure, by material or by manufacturing of catalyst support fibrous
Definitions
- the present invention relates to catalyst structures for the production of nitric acid and hydrocyanic acid and to the production of catalysts suitable metal fibers based on precious metals, nets and webs produced therefrom and to processes for producing such fibers, nonwovens and nets.
- DE 199 45 742 C1 discloses a metal fiber catalyst body whose metal fibers are produced by melt extraction. From the fibers, using textile techniques i.a. Fiber fleece created. The catalyst material platinum, palladium rhodium is contained in the fibers or present as additional fibers in the fabric.
- DE 100 00 097 A1 discloses melt extraction processes for the production of metal fibers from thin fibers with diameters of less than 100 ⁇ m with melt bath temperatures of more than 1500 ° C.
- the object of the present invention is to produce fibers, nets or fleeces based on precious metals.
- the procedure should be as simple as possible.
- the catalysts are designed to maintain high efficiency in the long term.
- the melting point of a metal before fiber processing by means of boron or phosphorus is drastically reduced and the boron or phosphorus after the production of fibers or nonwovens or nets made of fibers largely removed again.
- the melting point of a precious metal-based metal in particular based on the platinum group metals platinum, palladium, rhodium, ruthenium and iridium and optionally additional alloying elements of up to 30 wt .-% of the metals nickel, cobalt, gold, rhenium, molybdenum and tungsten lowered significantly by boron or phosphorus, in particular by at least 400 0 C, preferably by at least 500 0 C.
- boron or phosphorus in particular by at least 400 0 C, preferably by at least 500 0 C.
- Phosphorus generated Such eutectic mixtures are generally between 1 to 5 wt .-% boron or phosphorus based on the metal to be processed.
- the present invention is also still feasible outside the eutectic mixtures. Below 0.5% by weight of boron or phosphorus, however, the effect becomes unusable because the wide melting interval of the alloy leads to considerable segregation. If the proportion of boron or phosphorus is too high, on the one hand boron or phosphorus is unnecessarily burned, which leads to the increased consumption as a further disadvantage that the expense of removing these elements likewise increases unnecessarily.
- the lowering of the melting point according to the invention is particularly pronounced with platinum, iridium and their alloys.
- the use of boron to lower the melting point is preferred, since with the use of phosphorus generally higher safety precautions must be taken.
- fibers with a diameter between 10 and 200 .mu.m, in particular between 50 and 100 microns are available.
- the drawing of fibers from the melt, in particular by means of melt extraction according to the invention by lowering the melting temperature by means of boron or phosphor energy-saving and device conserving in particular compared to the effort without melting point reduction or compared to the cost of producing
- the fibers can also be produced in a wire casting process according to DE 197 57 093 A1 or in a melt spinning process according to DE 31 36 303 A1.
- nonwovens or nets are largely removed again.
- the oxidation of the boron or phosphorus is not carried out under an air atmosphere, but milder conditions such.
- the melting point of 1770 0 C can be reduced to 790 0 C. This facilitates the production of Pt alloy fibers, eg PtRh ⁇ , by the melt extraction process.
- the melting point of Pd is reduced in a similar manner by alloying of about 3 wt .-% B of 1555 ° C at 1065 0 C.
- the boron-alloyed PtRh5 fibers are at a temperature (eg. B. 750 0 C) presintered just below the eutectic. During presintering, the boron oxidizes and, for the most part, the resulting boron oxide liquefies or vaporizes. Also, first sintered connections are created between the fibers. By a short-term (a few minutes) sintering treatment at a temperature in the range 1200 ° C-1400 ° C (eg with the flame), the nonwoven sinters firmly together. Any remaining boric oxide traces can be removed by rinsing in warm water.
- a temperature eg. B. 750 0 C
- nonwovens can be produced from palladium alloys.
- the eutectic of the Pd-B system is significantly higher at 1065 ° C and the melting point of the Pd at 1555 ° C is significantly lower than platinum, greater care is required in setting the temperatures for pre-sintering and sintering.
- the suitable temperatures can be easily determined by simple aging experiments and subsequent metallographic ground investigations.
- the prepared ingots of the B-containing PtRh5 alloy were melted in a zirconium oxide crucible in a melt extraction device (see description in DE 199 45 742 C1, column 2, from line 40) under an argon protective gas atmosphere, wherein the temperature of the molten bath in the range 820-860 0 C was held.
- the fibers were scattered on a flat base made of aluminum oxide with dimensions of 400 mm ⁇ 800 mm until the basis weight of the fibers reached 1500 g / m 2 .
- the thus-laid nonwoven fabric was placed on the support in a chamber furnace under air atmosphere, heated to 750 0 C and held at this temperature for 5 hours.
- the boron diffused from the fibers, oxidized on the surface of PtRh alloy and formed boron oxide, which is liquid at this temperature (melting point 450 0 C).
- the pre-sintered fleece backing was removed from the oven and cooled to room temperature. Upon cooling, the boron oxide was allowed to dissolve in warm water causing the web to dislodge from the pad. Due to the presintering, sufficient mechanical strength had already been created to suspend the nonwoven with platinum wires. At this stage, however, the fleece was still very fragile and had to be handled with great care.
- the web was heated to white heat (estimated at about 1200 0 C) and held for 2-3 minutes. After this treatment, the strength had increased significantly. The strength was determined by firmly tensioning a nonwoven blank (diameter 95 mm) around the circumference and pressing in a steel hemisphere (diameter 40 mm) until the nonwoven was torn. The maximum force reached was measured at 95 N. In comparison, 2 nonwovens made by drawing and sintering drawn PtRh5 wires and also having a basis weight of 1500 g / mm 2 were tested. The first nonwoven was oven sintered at 1640 ° C. for 10 minutes and had a compressive strength of 10 N.
- the second nonwoven fabric was sintered at 1350 ° C. for 12 hours and had a compressive strength of 85 N.
- the nonwoven according to the invention could be handled without difficulty.
- the boron content of the PtRh5 alloy had depleted to ⁇ 0.001%.
- the nonwoven had a porosity of 91%.
- the pressure losses of the nonwovens were by a factor of 1.4 higher than in the nets and the concentrations of nitrous oxide in the product gas in the nonwovens and nets were comparable.
- the oxidation efficiency of the webs was 96.2% under the conditions tested and remained at that level throughout the test time of 126.0 hours.
- the oxidation efficiency of the nets was 96.0% at the beginning of the test and dropped to 95.5% during the test period.
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Nanotechnology (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Catalysts (AREA)
- Inorganic Fibers (AREA)
- Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
- Nonwoven Fabrics (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (16)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CA2729968A CA2729968A1 (en) | 2008-08-12 | 2009-07-30 | Metal fibres for catalyst nonwovens |
UAA201101619A UA100758C2 (ru) | 2008-08-12 | 2009-07-30 | Нетканый материал или сетка из металлических волокон, их применение и способ их изготовления |
US13/058,373 US8293678B2 (en) | 2008-08-12 | 2009-07-30 | Metal fibers for catalyst non-wovens |
EP09777543A EP2310156A2 (de) | 2008-08-12 | 2009-07-30 | Metallfasern für katalysatorvliese |
BRPI0917493A BRPI0917493A2 (pt) | 2008-08-12 | 2009-07-30 | fibras metalicas para nao tecidos acatlisadores |
JP2011522401A JP2011530655A (ja) | 2008-08-12 | 2009-07-30 | 触媒不織布用の金属繊維 |
CN2009801315063A CN102123803A (zh) | 2008-08-12 | 2009-07-30 | 用于催化剂无纺布的金属纤维 |
AP2011005564A AP2011005564A0 (en) | 2008-08-12 | 2009-07-30 | Metal fibres for catalyst nonwovens. |
EA201170324A EA201170324A1 (ru) | 2008-08-12 | 2009-07-30 | Металлические волокна для каталитических нетканых материалов |
MX2011001462A MX2011001462A (es) | 2008-08-12 | 2009-07-30 | Fibras metalicas para productos no tejidos de catalizador. |
AU2009281449A AU2009281449B2 (en) | 2008-08-12 | 2009-07-30 | Metal fibres for catalyst nonwovens |
IL209976A IL209976A0 (en) | 2008-08-12 | 2010-12-13 | Metal fibres for catalyst nonwovens |
TNP2010000601A TN2010000601A1 (en) | 2009-07-30 | 2010-12-24 | Metal fibres for catalyst non-wovens |
ZA2011/01837A ZA201101837B (en) | 2008-08-12 | 2011-03-09 | Metal fibres for catalyst nonwovens |
US13/495,204 US20120251430A1 (en) | 2008-08-12 | 2012-06-13 | Nitrogen oxide and hydrocyanic acid production method |
US13/644,753 US20130040807A1 (en) | 2008-08-12 | 2012-10-04 | Non-woven material or netting of metal fibers |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102008038611.1A DE102008038611B4 (de) | 2008-08-12 | 2008-08-12 | Metallfasern für Katalysatorvliese |
DE102008038611.1 | 2008-08-12 |
Related Child Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US13/495,204 Division US20120251430A1 (en) | 2008-08-12 | 2012-06-13 | Nitrogen oxide and hydrocyanic acid production method |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2010017894A2 true WO2010017894A2 (de) | 2010-02-18 |
WO2010017894A3 WO2010017894A3 (de) | 2010-06-10 |
WO2010017894A4 WO2010017894A4 (de) | 2010-08-12 |
Family
ID=41566632
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/EP2009/005521 WO2010017894A2 (de) | 2008-08-12 | 2009-07-30 | Metallfasern für katalysatorvliese |
Country Status (21)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (3) | US8293678B2 (de) |
EP (1) | EP2310156A2 (de) |
JP (1) | JP2011530655A (de) |
KR (1) | KR20110052590A (de) |
CN (1) | CN102123803A (de) |
AP (1) | AP2011005564A0 (de) |
AR (1) | AR072602A1 (de) |
AU (1) | AU2009281449B2 (de) |
BR (1) | BRPI0917493A2 (de) |
CA (1) | CA2729968A1 (de) |
CL (1) | CL2011000068A1 (de) |
CO (1) | CO6300852A2 (de) |
DE (1) | DE102008038611B4 (de) |
EA (1) | EA201170324A1 (de) |
IL (1) | IL209976A0 (de) |
MX (1) | MX2011001462A (de) |
PE (1) | PE20110656A1 (de) |
TW (1) | TW201026386A (de) |
UA (1) | UA100758C2 (de) |
WO (1) | WO2010017894A2 (de) |
ZA (1) | ZA201101837B (de) |
Families Citing this family (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102014226714A1 (de) | 2014-12-19 | 2015-11-19 | Heraeus Deutschland GmbH & Co. KG | Katalysatorvlies |
TWI744459B (zh) | 2017-01-16 | 2021-11-01 | 日商巴川製紙所股份有限公司 | 金屬纖維不織布 |
CN113457684A (zh) * | 2021-06-30 | 2021-10-01 | 西部金属材料股份有限公司 | 一种非负载型甲醇重整制氢催化剂及其制备方法和应用 |
CN116446099B (zh) * | 2023-03-13 | 2024-01-23 | 河北冀伽康新材料科技有限公司 | 一种合金钢材布料t恤衫的生产工艺 |
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EP0364153A1 (de) * | 1988-10-12 | 1990-04-18 | Johnson Matthey Public Limited Company | Metallgewebe |
GB2273716A (en) * | 1990-06-04 | 1994-06-29 | Tanaka Electronics Ind | Bonding wire for semiconductor device |
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DE3136303A1 (de) | 1981-09-12 | 1983-04-14 | Vacuumschmelze Gmbh, 6450 Hanau | Vorrichtung fuer die herstellung von metallband aus einer schmelze |
US4396577A (en) * | 1981-10-09 | 1983-08-02 | General Electric Company | Cobalt-palladium-silicon-boron brazing alloy |
DE19712625C2 (de) | 1997-03-26 | 2003-02-20 | Fraunhofer Ges Forschung | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Herstellung eines Faserformkörpers |
DE19757093C2 (de) | 1997-12-20 | 2000-11-30 | Max Planck Inst Eisenforschung | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum kontinuierlichen Gießen von Drähten mittels einer rotierenden Kreisringnut |
DE10000097C2 (de) | 2000-01-04 | 2001-11-08 | Fraunhofer Ges Forschung | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Metallfaserherstellung nach dem Schmelzextraktionsverfahren |
DE10105624A1 (de) * | 2001-02-08 | 2002-10-02 | Omg Ag & Co Kg | Dreidimensionale, zwei-oder mehrlagig gestrickte Katalysatormetze für Gasreaktionen |
GB0425152D0 (en) * | 2004-11-15 | 2004-12-15 | Middlesex Silver Co Ltd | Fabric structure |
-
2008
- 2008-08-12 DE DE102008038611.1A patent/DE102008038611B4/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2009
- 2009-07-16 TW TW098124125A patent/TW201026386A/zh unknown
- 2009-07-23 AR ARP090102814A patent/AR072602A1/es not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2009-07-30 UA UAA201101619A patent/UA100758C2/ru unknown
- 2009-07-30 CN CN2009801315063A patent/CN102123803A/zh active Pending
- 2009-07-30 MX MX2011001462A patent/MX2011001462A/es not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2009-07-30 AU AU2009281449A patent/AU2009281449B2/en not_active Ceased
- 2009-07-30 CA CA2729968A patent/CA2729968A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2009-07-30 KR KR1020117002319A patent/KR20110052590A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2009-07-30 US US13/058,373 patent/US8293678B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2009-07-30 EA EA201170324A patent/EA201170324A1/ru unknown
- 2009-07-30 EP EP09777543A patent/EP2310156A2/de not_active Withdrawn
- 2009-07-30 PE PE2011000139A patent/PE20110656A1/es not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2009-07-30 WO PCT/EP2009/005521 patent/WO2010017894A2/de active Application Filing
- 2009-07-30 BR BRPI0917493A patent/BRPI0917493A2/pt not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2009-07-30 AP AP2011005564A patent/AP2011005564A0/xx unknown
- 2009-07-30 JP JP2011522401A patent/JP2011530655A/ja not_active Withdrawn
-
2010
- 2010-12-13 IL IL209976A patent/IL209976A0/en unknown
- 2010-12-17 CO CO10159120A patent/CO6300852A2/es not_active Application Discontinuation
-
2011
- 2011-01-11 CL CL2011000068A patent/CL2011000068A1/es unknown
- 2011-03-09 ZA ZA2011/01837A patent/ZA201101837B/en unknown
-
2012
- 2012-06-13 US US13/495,204 patent/US20120251430A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2012-10-04 US US13/644,753 patent/US20130040807A1/en not_active Abandoned
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EP0364153A1 (de) * | 1988-10-12 | 1990-04-18 | Johnson Matthey Public Limited Company | Metallgewebe |
GB2273716A (en) * | 1990-06-04 | 1994-06-29 | Tanaka Electronics Ind | Bonding wire for semiconductor device |
EP0606535A1 (de) * | 1993-01-14 | 1994-07-20 | W.C. Heraeus GmbH | Gewirk aus edelmetallhaltigen Drähten und Verfahren für seine Herstellung |
JPH0813064A (ja) * | 1994-07-01 | 1996-01-16 | Tokuriki Honten Co Ltd | 白金材料 |
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JP2011530655A (ja) | 2011-12-22 |
AU2009281449A1 (en) | 2010-02-18 |
UA100758C2 (ru) | 2013-01-25 |
WO2010017894A3 (de) | 2010-06-10 |
EP2310156A2 (de) | 2011-04-20 |
EA201170324A1 (ru) | 2011-08-30 |
WO2010017894A4 (de) | 2010-08-12 |
US20130040807A1 (en) | 2013-02-14 |
PE20110656A1 (es) | 2011-09-16 |
CL2011000068A1 (es) | 2011-06-17 |
US20120251430A1 (en) | 2012-10-04 |
AU2009281449B2 (en) | 2013-02-07 |
BRPI0917493A2 (pt) | 2015-12-01 |
AP2011005564A0 (en) | 2011-02-28 |
IL209976A0 (en) | 2011-02-28 |
MX2011001462A (es) | 2011-05-19 |
DE102008038611B4 (de) | 2014-12-24 |
DE102008038611A1 (de) | 2010-02-25 |
KR20110052590A (ko) | 2011-05-18 |
AR072602A1 (es) | 2010-09-08 |
TW201026386A (en) | 2010-07-16 |
ZA201101837B (en) | 2011-11-30 |
US8293678B2 (en) | 2012-10-23 |
CO6300852A2 (es) | 2011-07-21 |
CA2729968A1 (en) | 2010-02-18 |
CN102123803A (zh) | 2011-07-13 |
US20110129406A1 (en) | 2011-06-02 |
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