TW201026386A - Metal fibres for catalyst non-wovens - Google Patents

Metal fibres for catalyst non-wovens Download PDF

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Publication number
TW201026386A
TW201026386A TW098124125A TW98124125A TW201026386A TW 201026386 A TW201026386 A TW 201026386A TW 098124125 A TW098124125 A TW 098124125A TW 98124125 A TW98124125 A TW 98124125A TW 201026386 A TW201026386 A TW 201026386A
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TW
Taiwan
Prior art keywords
boron
fiber
metal
weight
phosphorus
Prior art date
Application number
TW098124125A
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English (en)
Inventor
Uwe Jantsch
David Francis Lupton
Harald Manhardt
Stefan Vorberg
Original Assignee
Heraeus Gmbh W C
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Publication date
Application filed by Heraeus Gmbh W C filed Critical Heraeus Gmbh W C
Publication of TW201026386A publication Critical patent/TW201026386A/zh

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J23/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00
    • B01J23/38—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of noble metals
    • B01J23/40—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of noble metals of the platinum group metals
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J23/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00
    • B01J23/38—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of noble metals
    • B01J23/40—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of noble metals of the platinum group metals
    • B01J23/46—Ruthenium, rhodium, osmium or iridium
    • B01J23/464—Rhodium
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J23/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00
    • B01J23/38—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of noble metals
    • B01J23/54—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of noble metals combined with metals, oxides or hydroxides provided for in groups B01J23/02 - B01J23/36
    • B01J23/56—Platinum group metals
    • B01J23/64—Platinum group metals with arsenic, antimony, bismuth, vanadium, niobium, tantalum, polonium, chromium, molybdenum, tungsten, manganese, technetium or rhenium
    • B01J23/652—Chromium, molybdenum or tungsten
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J23/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00
    • B01J23/70—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of the iron group metals or copper
    • B01J23/89—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of the iron group metals or copper combined with noble metals
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J35/00—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties
    • B01J35/30—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their physical properties
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J35/00—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties
    • B01J35/50—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their shape or configuration
    • B01J35/56—Foraminous structures having flow-through passages or channels, e.g. grids or three-dimensional monoliths
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J35/00—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties
    • B01J35/50—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their shape or configuration
    • B01J35/58—Fabrics or filaments
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J35/00—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties
    • B01J35/60—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their surface properties or porosity
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J35/00—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties
    • B01J35/60—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their surface properties or porosity
    • B01J35/61—Surface area
    • B01J35/617—500-1000 m2/g
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J37/00—Processes, in general, for preparing catalysts; Processes, in general, for activation of catalysts
    • B01J37/08—Heat treatment
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J37/00—Processes, in general, for preparing catalysts; Processes, in general, for activation of catalysts
    • B01J37/28—Phosphorising
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F1/00—Metallic powder; Treatment of metallic powder, e.g. to facilitate working or to improve properties
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F1/00—Metallic powder; Treatment of metallic powder, e.g. to facilitate working or to improve properties
    • B22F1/06—Metallic powder characterised by the shape of the particles
    • B22F1/062—Fibrous particles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
    • B22F3/002—Manufacture of articles essentially made from metallic fibres
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F9/00—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof
    • B22F9/02—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes
    • B22F9/06—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B21/00—Nitrogen; Compounds thereof
    • C01B21/20—Nitrogen oxides; Oxyacids of nitrogen; Salts thereof
    • C01B21/24—Nitric oxide (NO)
    • C01B21/26—Preparation by catalytic or non-catalytic oxidation of ammonia
    • C01B21/265—Preparation by catalytic or non-catalytic oxidation of ammonia characterised by the catalyst
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01C—AMMONIA; CYANOGEN; COMPOUNDS THEREOF
    • C01C3/00—Cyanogen; Compounds thereof
    • C01C3/02—Preparation, separation or purification of hydrogen cyanide
    • C01C3/0208—Preparation in gaseous phase
    • C01C3/0212—Preparation in gaseous phase from hydrocarbons and ammonia in the presence of oxygen, e.g. the Andrussow-process
    • C01C3/0216—Preparation in gaseous phase from hydrocarbons and ammonia in the presence of oxygen, e.g. the Andrussow-process characterised by the catalyst used
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C5/00—Alloys based on noble metals
    • C22C5/04—Alloys based on a platinum group metal
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
    • F01N3/24—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by constructional aspects of converting apparatus
    • F01N3/28—Construction of catalytic reactors
    • F01N3/2803—Construction of catalytic reactors characterised by structure, by material or by manufacturing of catalyst support
    • F01N3/2807—Metal other than sintered metal
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
    • F01N3/24—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by constructional aspects of converting apparatus
    • F01N3/28—Construction of catalytic reactors
    • F01N3/2803—Construction of catalytic reactors characterised by structure, by material or by manufacturing of catalyst support
    • F01N3/2835—Construction of catalytic reactors characterised by structure, by material or by manufacturing of catalyst support fibrous

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Nanotechnology (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Catalysts (AREA)
  • Inorganic Fibers (AREA)
  • Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
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201026386 六、發明說明： 【發明所屬之技術領域】 本發明係關於用於製造硝酸和氫氰酸之觸媒結構，關於 基於貴金屬且適於觸媒製造之金屬纖維，關於由此製成之 網材與不織布，以及關於該等纖維、不織布及網材之製造 方法。 【先前技術】 DE 199 45 742 C1揭示一種金屬纖維觸媒體，其金屬纖 耗由㈣抽減得m織技術，從麟來製造值得 提之不織布織物。觸媒材料鈾、纪鍵被包含在纖維中或 以額外纖維形式存在於織布材料中。 μη1之細纖維製造金屬纖維的熔融抽 DE 1〇〇 〇〇 〇97 A1揭示— 浴溫’自直徑小於1〇〇 拉方法。 種應用高達1500°C以上之熔化 DE 197 12 625 A1描述了—種方法，其中（尤其是）金屬 纖維經由分配輥之篩㈣積於移動基材上且於交又點處聯 結在'—起。 就高溶點金屬而言 難來進行金屬纖維之 造。 ’该等方法似乎不太適合或者至少很 製造及由此製成網材或不織布之製 DE 100 40 591 C1 赵 + %不一種尤其以硼與磷使鉑、鉉、 與釕合金化之方法。 紙錢 熟 弱 悉之觸媒(尤其係鉑，觸媒)之效力隨著時間的推移減 141506.doc 201026386 【發明内容】 製造基於貴金屬之纖維、網材或不織布係本發明之目 標。方法應盡可能簡單。觸媒應長期保持高效力水平。 【實施方式】 為實現該目標’在處理纖維前藉由硼或磷明顯降低金屬 炫點，隨後大規模地去除硼或磷以製造纖維或由纖維製造 之不織布或網材。 Φ 目標係由獨立請求項之特徵實現。附屬請求項描述較佳 實施例。 ， 假設在移去侧及/或磷期間纖維表面粗糙度增加，則觸 媒效力因額外的孔隙度而同時增加。此外，猜想硼或碟阻 礙沒有催化效力且堵塞觸媒通道之氧化物之形成。 根據本發明，基於貴金屬尤其基於鉑族金屬之金屬如 翻、纪、姥、釕與銥及若需要，占鎳、鈷、金、銖、銦與 鎮金屬總量之高達30重量％之額外合金元素之金屬熔點藉 ❹ 由硼或填顯著降低，尤其降低至少400°C，較佳降低至少 500°C。對於該目的，共晶組合物較佳係以硼或磷製作。該 等共晶混合物一般含以待處理金屬計之丨至5重量％之間硼或 磷。 右混合物為非共晶，本發明仍可進行。但是因合金之寬 熔融區間導致大量反混合使低於〇 5重量。/。硼或磷無法作 用。如果蝴或碌比例太尚’非必要地燃燒删或填，另一方 面，導致除增加消耗外，產生去除此元素所涉及的工作量 亦非必要地增加的缺點。隨著濃度高於丨〇重量％及硼或填 141506.doc 201026386 含量的增加，硼或磷的高消耗形式及為移除彼者所漸增之 工作量的缺點，是在關於熔點降低之持續降低之優點中所 必需考慮者，即使係在組成物尚未達到共晶點時亦然。 就鉑、銥及其等之合金而言，根據本發明之熔點降低特 別顯著。由於使用磷時一般必須採用較安全的措施，故使 用领來降低熔點較佳。 根據本發明，可得到具有直徑在1〇至2〇〇 μπι(尤其在5〇 至100 μιη)間之纖維。根據本發明，從熔體抽拉纖維特 別係藉由熔融抽拉，因利用硼或磷降低熔點溫度而節省能 量，及尤其與沒有降低熔點所涉及的工作量或與製造線段 所涉及的工作量比較，其對設備更為溫和。藉由根據本發 明降低熔點，亦可藉由根據DE 197 57 〇93 A1之線澆注法 或根據DE 31 36 303 A1之熔體旋轉法製造纖維。 根據本發明，除了特別藉由熔融抽拉從熔體中抽拉而簡 化纖維之製造外’亦減小自纖維製造網材或不織布所需的 燒結溫度與時間，1不織布之催化及機械性能未受負面影 響，因爲纖維、残布或網材在使用冑，已再次將硼與填 大致去除。硼與磷之去除部分係在纖維抽拉及燒結纖維形 成網材或不織布期間進行。或填之過高殘留量會對應用 作爲觸媒之所需性能產生負面影響。已證實在纖維燒結形 成網材或不織布後，除去硼或磷來加熱產物至白熱數分鐘 尤/、成功該處理步驟中，材料強度增加而硼或磷含量減 U或碌尤其以i至則卩㈣因該等元素殘留於常見 _染物上尤其备硼降到1至20重量％或磷降至5至20重量 141506.doc 201026386 %時，預期該等元素對根據本發明製得的纖維、網材或不 織布之催化作用及機械穩定性沒有負面影響。 田應用非貝合金元素或易氧化之鉑族金屬（諸如銥與釕） 時，硼及/或磷之氧化反應不會在空氣氛圍中發生，而會 在較不嚴苛之條件（例如，含有仏出2〇之氧化氣體混合物） 中發生。如果合金中含有易氧化金屬，該溫和的方法尤其 • 利於預燒結。 • 以下，本發明係藉由實例進行說明： 措由將約2重量％硼加入鉑中，熔點可從丨77〇(>c降至 790°C。此利於藉由熔融抽拉方法自pt合金（例如，ptRh5) 製造纖維。藉由與約3重量％B進行額外合金化以類似方 法將Pd炼點從1555 °C降至1〇65 °C。 與硼合金化之PtRh5纖維在低於共晶的溫度（例：75〇。〇 下進行預燒結。預燒結期間硼氧化且形成之硼氧化物大量 液化或蒸發。同樣，先燒結化合物在纖維間形成。藉由 'Φ 1200°c -1400°c範圍内之溫度（例如利用火焰）下之短暫燒結 處理（持續數分鐘）’將不織布材料牢牢燒結在一起。可能 殘留之痕量爛氧化物經溫水沖洗可除去。 把合金不織布可用類似方法進行製造。然而，因為 1065 C之Pd-B體系共晶大大高出翻及/或⑸代之把溶點 大大低於鉑，當調節預燒結及燒結溫度時需要更加謹慎‘。 但是’可藉由簡易實效硬化實驗及隨後的顯微圖之金相檢 驗可輕易確定合適溫度。 實例： 141506.doc 201026386 將以傳統方法預熔融之5 kg PtRh5合金卷起，鑄造後， 形成直徑為10 mm之棒狀條並切割成約30 mm長。隨後將 該等段置於氧化鍅坩堝中而被緩慢加熱氧化鍅，同時填充 氬氣，並將2.1重量％之硼顆粒-相當於Pt-B共晶-加入熔體 中。短暫熔化後，避免熔體溫度升至l〇〇〇°C以上從而使坩 堝中硼與氧化鍅之反應風險降至最低。在銅錠鑄模中鑄造 由此製得的合金以形成約20 mmx20 mm><120 mm之錠。 在充氬氣的氛圍下，使所製備含B的PtRh5合金鑄錠在熔 融抽拉裝置之氧化锆坩鍋中熔融，且熔融浴溫保持在 820°C 至 860°C 之間（對照 DE 199 45 742 C1，第 2卷，前 40 行中說明）。由不含硼的合金PtRh5製造纖維之對比實驗失 敗，因爲合金之高熔化溫度（液相溫度約1820°C )及因此對 熔化坩堝造成之損害。藉由初步實驗調整抽拉方法，以此 自PtRh5-B合金製造2.6 kg具有直徑為50-60 μιη且平均長度 為5 mm之纖維。 與DE 197 12 625 A1中所描述方法一致，將纖維分散至 尺寸為400 mmx800 mm之氧化銘的水平基材上，直至纖維 之每單位面積質量達到1 500 g/m2。 將如此鋪置之不織布材料引入大氣環境下之室爐中的基 材上，加熱至750°C且保持該溫度5小時。硼從纖維中擴 散，在PtRh合金表面氧化並形成於該溫度下為液態之硼氧 化物（熔點為450°C )。將具有預燒結不織布材料之基材從爐 中移走並冷卻至室溫。冷卻後，可將氧化硼溶於溫水中， 使不織布材料本身從基材脫離。 201026386 因預燒結的結果，達到以始線捆紮不織布材料之足夠機 械強度。但是，在此階段，不織布材料仍非常脆弱且必須 謹慎處理。用氫-氧火焰加熱不織布材料至白熱（大概約 1200 C )且維持該溫度2-3分鐘。該處理後，強度明顯增 加。藉由沿圓周緊緊拉伸一個不織布環狀胚料（直徑為95 mm)，然後將一個鋼半球（直徑為4〇 mm)壓入其中直至不 織布材料斷裂而測定其強度。測得達到的最大力為95 N。 作為比較，測試2種不織布，其等係自經抽拉的ptRh5線藉 由鋪置與燒結而製得且亦具有15〇〇 g/mm2之單位面積質 量第種不織布材料係於1640°C下在爐中燒結1〇分鐘且 具有1〇 N之抗壓強度。第二種不織布材料係於1350。(：下燒 、’Ό 12 ]時且具有85 N之抗壓強度。可毫無問題地處理根據 本發月之不織布材料。PtRh5合金之棚含量降至〈 0.001%。不織布材料具有91%之孔隙率。 自不織布材料切割出4個環狀胚料，每個具有15〇〇 g/m2 之單位面積質量及62贿之直徑。在實驗反應器中測試該 等環狀胚料在22,4嘲氮每平方米每天（t N/m2/d)負載、3.5 巴之壓力及860。。溫度下將氨氧化至氮氧化物的反應。相 =較’藉由編織PtRh5<76叫線而製得且具有6〇〇咖2之 單4 Φ積質量之i 〇種標準觸媒網材分別在平行反應器中進 行測試。 來自不織布之壓力損失高出了網材情況下之1.4個因 子在不織布和網材中’產物氣體中笑氣之濃度係相當 ^】減條件下不織布氧化率為96.2%且在126.0小時之 141506.doc 201026386 整個測試期間保持該水平。網材氧化率在實驗開始時為 96.0%且在實驗期間降至95.5%。
141506.doc -10·

Claims (1)

  1. 201026386 七、申請專利範圍： 1. 一種金屬纖維，其係基於一種或多種來自鉑、鈀、錢、 釕或銥之群之元素且具有〇至30重量％之_種或多種來自 鎳、鈷、金、銖、鉬與鎢之群之額外合金元素，其特徵 在於β亥金屬纖維呈現1至5〇〇 ppm重量之蝴或碟。 2， 一種由如請求項丨之纖維組成之不織布材料或網材。 3. —種如請求項〗之纖維的用途，其尤其係作爲如請求項$ 之網材或不織布，用於製造氮氧化物或用於製造氫氰 酸0 4. 一種藉由從熔體抽拉纖維而製造基於貴金屬且具有至多 3〇重量％額外合金金屬之纖維之方法，其特徵在於在抽 拉纖維前，藉由另以硼或鱗合金化使金屬炫點降低至少 400 C ,然後再從纖維中去除蝴或鱗。 5·如：求項4之方法’其特徵在於硼或磷與金屬係在一毯 覆氣體氛圍中進行混合。
    6.如請求項4或5之方法，其特徵在於料纖料經燒結而 形成不織布材料或網材。 :求項4至6中任一項之方法，其特徵在於該硼或磷係 曰熱作為氧化物被去除。 141506.doc 201026386 四、指定代表圖： (一) 本案指定代表圖為：（無） (二) 本代表圖之元件符號簡單說明： 五、本案若有化學式時，請揭示最能顯示發明特徵的化學式： (無）
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