WO2008069341A1 - 船舶の浮力制御システム - Google Patents
船舶の浮力制御システム Download PDFInfo
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- WO2008069341A1 WO2008069341A1 PCT/JP2007/073761 JP2007073761W WO2008069341A1 WO 2008069341 A1 WO2008069341 A1 WO 2008069341A1 JP 2007073761 W JP2007073761 W JP 2007073761W WO 2008069341 A1 WO2008069341 A1 WO 2008069341A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- tank
- hull
- seawater
- ship
- ballast
- Prior art date
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B13/00—Conduits for emptying or ballasting; Self-bailing equipment; Scuppers
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B11/00—Interior subdivision of hulls
- B63B11/04—Constructional features of bunkers, e.g. structural fuel tanks, or ballast tanks, e.g. with elastic walls
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B43/00—Improving safety of vessels, e.g. damage control, not otherwise provided for
- B63B43/02—Improving safety of vessels, e.g. damage control, not otherwise provided for reducing risk of capsizing or sinking
- B63B43/04—Improving safety of vessels, e.g. damage control, not otherwise provided for reducing risk of capsizing or sinking by improving stability
- B63B43/06—Improving safety of vessels, e.g. damage control, not otherwise provided for reducing risk of capsizing or sinking by improving stability using ballast tanks
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B57/00—Tank or cargo hold cleaning specially adapted for vessels
- B63B57/02—Tank or cargo hold cleaning specially adapted for vessels by washing
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B57/00—Tank or cargo hold cleaning specially adapted for vessels
- B63B2057/005—Tank or cargo hold cleaning specially adapted for vessels of ballast tanks, e.g. from deposits, biological organisms; Ship-borne installations therefor
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a buoyancy control system of a ship, and more specifically, is used as a ballast water exchange device or a ballast water exchange method for replacing nolast water with outboard seawater. Or, it relates to a ship's non-ballast (Ballast-Free) buoyancy control system that can be used as the hull structure of a non-ballast ship.
- ballast water In general, a ship navigating in an empty load state or a light load state is equipped with ballast water to ensure a certain draft, stabilize the hull, and prevent bottom slamming, propeller racing, and the like.
- Norast tanks are usually flooded at the landing site and drained at the loading site.
- the marine organisms at the landing site are transferred to the loading area by ballast water in the ballast tank and discharged to the sea area of the loading area, resulting in problems such as ecosystem change and ecosystem destruction in the sea area of the loading area. .
- ballast water moves and is discharged globally, marine organisms such as plankton mixed in the ballast water move to areas that are not native habitats, and contribute to economic activities such as ecosystems and fisheries in those areas. May have serious impact. For this reason, the movement of ballast water is recognized as a common problem in the world in protecting the marine environment, and this has been particularly problematic in recent years.
- ballast water when a method of treating unnecessary ballast water at an onshore facility is adopted, it is necessary to newly establish an onshore facility for treating ballast water.
- the method of sterilizing ballast water has not been completed because the technology for reliably capturing microorganisms by sterilization and purification has not been completed.
- problems such as secondary contamination are a concern when chemicals are used for sterilization. For this reason, it is difficult to solve onshore treatment and sterilization 'purification treatment of unnecessary ballast water.
- Ballast Water Exchange technology which forcibly exchanges ballast water at sea, is a sequential method in which seawater is reinjected into the tank after the ballast tank is completely emptied. It is known as the overflow method (Flow-Through Method) in which the water is poured into the tank and the ballast water is exchanged by overflowing the ballast water, and the dilution method (Dilution Method) in which the ballast water is discharged simultaneously while pouring into the ballast tank. Already implemented.
- ballast water exchange device that does not depend on a driving device such as a forced circulation device
- a ballast water exchange system having a configuration in which seawater is taken in using a relatively high water pressure acting on the bow portion is, for example, It is described in Kaihei 11-29089 and JP-A-2005-536402.
- Patent Document 1 JP 2004-284481 A
- Patent Document 2 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2002-234487
- Patent Document 3 Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2006-7184
- Patent Document 4 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2002-331991
- Patent Document 5 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2001-206280
- Patent Document 6 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 11 29089
- Patent Document 7 Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2005-536402
- ballast water exchange device is configured to take seawater from the bow portion into the ballast tank using high water pressure acting on the bow portion during navigation.
- the bow intake area must be limited so as not to affect the flow of the surrounding seawater.
- the conventional ballast water exchanger is configured to feed seawater into the ballast tank via the inboard pipeline, the pipeline resistance of the pipeline acts on the seawater. The amount of water and wastewater cannot be obtained. For this reason, it is extremely difficult to achieve a sufficient seawater replacement rate that makes it difficult to exchange ballast water efficiently.
- a ship does not always travel horizontally in the state of floating on / off the sea, and a vertical inclination (trim) in the longitudinal direction of the hull corresponds to the way of loading the ballast water. It occurs in the hull.
- a ship loaded with nolast water has a shallow draft (small), and the force of the ship's engine is generally located at the rear of the hull. Navigating the ocean in a deep stern draft. For this reason, it is difficult to draw seawater from the intake opening located at or near the bow barbus (spherical bow)!
- the present invention has been made in view of such circumstances, and an object thereof is to replace ballast water with seawater with a simple configuration without depending on a driving device such as a forced circulation device. At the same time, it is an object of the present invention to provide a ballast water exchange device and a ballast water exchange method that can achieve a high seawater replacement rate of norast water.
- Another object of the present invention is to provide a ship hull structure and a hull buoyancy control method capable of controlling hull buoyancy that does not depend on retention of ballast water by a last tank.
- the present invention relates to a ballast water exchange device for a ship equipped with a venomous tank that achieves the above-mentioned object.
- a bulkhead disposed in the ballast tank and open at the top, and an inflow opening at the bottom of the ship A mouth and an outlet,
- the bulkhead forms a weir extending in the width direction of the hull in the ballast tank, and divides a region in the ballast tank into an inflow region and an outflow region,
- the inflow port and the outflow port use the forward movement of the hull so that the outboard seawater is taken into the ballast tank from the inflow port and the seawater in the ballast tank flows out of the outboard rocker and the outboard.
- a ship ballast water exchanging device is provided in each of the inflow region and the outflow region, and is disposed at an interval in the advancing direction of the hull.
- the present invention is also directed to a ballast water exchange method for exchanging ballast water in a norast tank with seawater outside a ship during navigation of the ship!
- the region in the ballast tank is divided into an inflow region and an outflow region by a weir extending in the width direction of the hull, and an inflow port and an outflow port opened to the bottom of the ship are arranged in the inflow region and the outflow region, respectively.
- the outboard seawater is taken into the ballast tank from the inflow port and the seawater in the ballast tank is discharged out of the outboard from the outflow port due to a difference in water pressure between the inflow port and the outflow port generated when the hull moves forward.
- a ballast water exchange method is provided.
- the last tank takes in the outboard seawater directly from the bottom portion and discharges the ballast water directly from the bottom portion.
- a water pressure difference occurs at the inlet and outlet, so fresh seawater always circulates in the ballast tank by always opening the inlet and outlet during navigation.
- Seawater that flows into the ballast tank from the inflow port is turned upward by the bulkhead weir, and seawater swirl that turns around the axis in the width direction of the hull (the dredging direction) is generated in the inflow area and outflow area. For this reason, a sufficient seawater replacement rate exceeding 90% is obtained, in which dead water areas are unlikely to occur in the ballast tank.
- the flow rate of seawater circulating in the tank increases in accordance with the increase in navigation time or navigation distance. It becomes possible to achieve the seawater replacement rate.
- the inlet during ballast voyage that does not require complicated circulation system, complicated operation, use of chemicals, etc. And by opening the outlet, it is possible to naturally replace the norast water with the outboard seawater, and therefore, it is only necessary to use ballast drainage means in the loading area. Moreover, since seawater with the same conditions as the seawater in the sea area can always be used as ballast water, environmental problems caused by transferring marine organisms at the landing site to the loading area can be reliably resolved.
- the present invention provides a fourth method of ballast water exchange (sequential method), an overflow method (Flow-Through Met hod), and a dilution method (Dilution Method).
- the power that provides the Ballast Water Exchange technology The ballast tank is configured to open to the seawater outside the ship and to circulate the seawater passively. It can be grasped as a hull structure of the system. From this point of view, the technical idea of the present invention is a non-ballast type hull structure (or a ship that can reduce hull buoyancy when navigating in an empty or light state without depending on retention of ballast water. (Ballast device) or hull buoyancy control method (or ship ballast method) can be defined as follows.
- the present invention relates to a ship hull structure that reduces the buoyancy of the hull when sailing in an empty load state or a light load state.
- a seawater circulation tank having an inflow port and an outflow port that can be opened in a ship bottom in a ship bottom portion; the inflow port is disposed forward of the hull moving direction with respect to the outflow port; and the outflow port is in a hull moving direction. It is arranged behind the inflow port at a predetermined interval, and the inflow port and the outflow port are opened at the bottom of the ship when sailing in an empty or light load state. And an opening closing means for closing the inlet and the outlet so as to secure the hull buoyancy by the air in the tank space while being circulated in the tank and in a navigation state loaded with a load.
- a ship hull structure provided at an inlet and an outlet.
- the present invention also relates to a non-ballast type hull buoyancy control method for reducing the buoyancy of a hull when sailing in an empty or light load state!
- a seawater circulation tank equipped with an inlet and outlet located at a predetermined interval in the direction of hull travel, In the navigation state where the inflow and outflow ports are opened to the bottom of the ship when sailing in an empty or light load state, and the outboard seawater is circulated in the tank by the water pressure difference between the inflow and the outflow, and the load is loaded.
- a hull buoyancy control method characterized in that the inlet and the outlet are closed by an opening closing means and the hull buoyancy is secured by the air in the tank.
- the seawater circulation tank is partitioned into an inflow region and an outflow region by a weir extending in the width direction of the hull.
- the hull buoyancy in the navigation state in which the load is loaded, the hull buoyancy is obtained by the air in the tank inner space, and the outboard seawater is always in the tank during the navigation in the empty load state or the light load state. Circulating inside, hull buoyancy is reduced. That is, the hull buoyancy is controlled by opening and closing the opening closing means. According to such a configuration, it is possible to control hull buoyancy that does not depend on retention of ballast water by the ballast tank.
- the ballast water is exchanged with seawater with a simple configuration without depending on the drive device for forced exchange, and the high water quality of the norast water! /, Seawater replacement rate can be achieved.
- FIG. 1 is a partial longitudinal sectional view showing an embodiment of a ship equipped with a ballast water exchange device according to the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the ship shown in FIG.
- FIG. 3 A longitudinal sectional view schematically showing the navigation process of the ship shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, showing the loading process and the navigation process of the ship to the landing site.
- FIG. 4 A longitudinal sectional view schematically showing the navigation process of the ship shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, showing the unloading force and the navigation process of the ship to the loading area.
- FIG. 5 is a perspective view schematically showing the structure of a ballast tank.
- FIG. 6 is a longitudinal sectional view schematically showing the structure of a ballast tank.
- FIG. 7 A schematic longitudinal sectional view, a diagram, and a vertical diagram showing the relationship between the shape and structure of the inlet and the seawater replacement rate.
- FIG. 8 A schematic longitudinal cross-sectional view, a diagram, and a side view showing the relationship between the form and structure of the outlet and the seawater replacement rate.
- FIG. 9 A schematic longitudinal sectional view and a table showing the relationship between the position of the inlet, the position of the outlet, the presence or absence of a partition wall, and the seawater replacement rate.
- FIG. 10 is a schematic longitudinal sectional view of a ballast tank illustrating the position of an outlet.
- FIG. 11 It is a schematic longitudinal sectional view of a ballast tank illustrating the position of a partition wall.
- FIG. 15 It is a perspective view schematically showing the structure of the ballast tank, showing a configuration in which the width of the inlet is enlarged, the outlet is brought closer to the rear side surface of the bulkhead, and the bulkhead is biased forward in the traveling direction. Yes.
- FIG. 17 is a partial longitudinal sectional view of a ship showing a modification of the ballast water exchange device shown in FIGS.
- FIG. 18 is a cross-sectional view of the ship shown in FIG.
- FIG. 19 is a cross-sectional view of a ship showing another modification of the ballast water exchange device shown in FIGS.
- FIG. 10 is a partial longitudinal sectional view of a ship showing still another modification of the ballast water exchange device shown in FIGS.
- FIG. 21 is a cross-sectional view of the ship shown in FIG.
- FIG. 22 A cross-sectional view showing the process of flowing seawater into the ballast tank above the waterline.
- Fig. 23] is a cross-sectional view showing the process of forcibly discharging seawater from the ballast tank.
- the figure is a schematic longitudinal cross-sectional view and a fountain chart for explaining the change in seawater replacement rate associated with the change in partition wall height.
- the inflow port is disposed at the center in the width direction of the ship bottom, and the outflow ports are disposed at the left and right bilge portions, respectively. Since the water pressure on the left and right bilges is relatively low compared to the center of the bottom of the ship, the pressure difference between the inlet and outlet that forms a circulating flow in the ballast tank can be obtained reliably.
- the inflow port includes a rotary outer lid that directs the inflow opening toward the front of the hull.
- the outer lid constitutes an opening closing means.
- the bottom of the ship may be recessed in a streamlined manner, and the inlet may be positioned at a position retracted from the bottom of the ship.
- the inlet opening is placed horizontally in the indentation region or directed forward of the hull. Adopting such an inlet structure
- an opening / closing device opening closing means
- opening closing means such as a sliding door is disposed at the inflow port.
- the outflow port includes a rotary outer lid that directs the outflow opening toward the rear of the hull.
- the outer lid constitutes an opening closing means.
- the bottom of the ship may be bulged downward in a streamlined manner, and the outflow port may be positioned at a position protruding from the bottom of the ship.
- the outlet opening is placed horizontally in the bulge area or directed to the rear of the hull.
- a recessed part in which the ship bottom is depressed in a streamline may be formed on the front side of the outlet.
- opening / closing apparatuses opening closing means
- the distance (L1) between the front wall surface of the ballast tank and the bulkhead is set to 1/3 or less of the total length (L) of the ballast tank in the longitudinal direction of the hull.
- the inflow port is disposed adjacent to the front wall surface of the norast tank, and the outflow port is disposed adjacent to the rear wall surface of the ballast tank, or the rear side surface of the bulkhead (the surface on the rear side of the hull). ).
- each part structure and each part size constituting the ballast water exchange device of the present invention is such that the ballast water in the ballast tank has a seawater replacement rate of 95% or more within a navigation time of 30 minutes or a navigation distance of 10 km. It is set to be replaced with seawater with efficiency.
- FIG. 1 is a partial longitudinal sectional view showing an embodiment of a ship provided with a ballast water exchange device according to the present invention
- FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the ship shown in FIG.
- the ship 1 has a ballast tank 10 having a partition wall 2 in the tank.
- the bulkhead 2 has a height dimension h lower than the water level LL in the tank when lightly loaded or empty, and extends in the width direction of the hull (left and right side).
- the upper end of the partition wall 2 and the top wall surface 14 are spaced apart by a predetermined distance.
- the height dimension h is set to a dimension of H X O.2 or more with respect to the total height H of the ballast tank 10.
- the water level LL (free surface) in the tank is located at the water level outside the ship (substantially the same level as the sea level WU) due to the water pressure balance between the tank and the ship.
- a space S is formed between the tank water surface LL and the top wall 14.
- the ship 1 is an overflow pipe (or air vent pipe) that can open the space S to the atmosphere when it is flooded. 11 is provided.
- the overflow pipe 11 opens on the top wall 14 and into the space S.
- the ballast tank 10 is formed in the ballast tank 10 by the weirs S and the partition walls 2 that divide the region in the ballast tank 10 into the inflow region 3 and the outflow region 4. Regions 3 and 4 communicate with each other in the upper region of partition wall 2.
- an inlet 6 for taking the seawater W1 into the ballast tank 10 is arranged, and the inlet 6 is located at the bottom of the ship under the sea level (sea level WL). Open to 13.
- the outflow port 7 In the outflow area 4 located behind the ship 1 in the direction of travel, there is an outflow port 7 for discharging the seawater W2 in the ballast tank 10, and the outflow port 7 is located below the sea level (sea level WL). Open to part 13.
- the inflow port 6 is arranged at the center in the width direction of the ship bottom as shown in FIG. 2, and the outflow ports 7 are arranged at the left and right bilge parts 8 as shown in FIG.
- the inlet 6 and the outlet 7 are provided with opening closing means (not shown) that can be opened and closed. A water pressure difference between the inlet 6 and the outlet 7 occurs when the hull moves forward, and the outboard seawater W1 flows from the inlet 6 to the outlet 7.
- the "bilge part” means a curved part on the bottom side of the ship and its peripheral part, but in this specification, the bilge part 8 has a dimension Kl, ⁇ 2 of about 1/10 of the ship. It means the band / 3 (including the curved part) that extends upward and on the keel side from the curved part by the dimension range Kl ( ⁇ 2) excluding the curved part.
- the center in the width direction of the bottom of the ship shall mean the band ⁇ in the range of about 1/4 of the size of the ship centered on the hull center keel line and extending to the port side and starboard side, respectively.
- FIG. 3 and FIG. 4 are longitudinal sectional views schematically showing the navigation process of the ship 1.
- Fig. 3 ( ⁇ ) illustrates the navigation process when loading or loading
- Fig. 3 ( ⁇ ) illustrates the state of ship 1 during loading
- Fig. 3 (C) The state after the last tank flooding is illustrated.
- the ship 1 in a loaded state or in a full state closed the inlet 6 and the outlet 7 by the opening closing means 9 and discharged the ballast water from the ballast tank 10. Navigating the ocean in state.
- the ship 1 whose buoyancy has increased due to the last drainage is subjected to the loading load ⁇ of the cargo, so that sufficient draft is secured, so the ship 1 navigates with a stable ship position.
- Figure 4 (A) illustrates the navigation process during light load or empty ship navigation!
- the ship 1 that departed the landing area in a lightly loaded state or an unloaded state navigates the ocean with the opening closing means 9 opened as shown in FIG. 4 (A).
- Seawater W1 flows into inflow area 3 from inlet 6 as shown by the arrow in Fig. 4 (A), crosses the weir of bulkhead 2 and flows into outflow area 3, and flows out of ship from outlet 7.
- the flora and fauna plankton, etc. that flowed into the ballast tank 10 together with the ballast water at the unloading port are discharged out of the ship in or near the port of the unloading port.
- sea water W2 in ballast tank 10 is converted to seawater W1 outside the ship using the forward speed of navigating ship 1.
- the ship 1 can be navigated while always maintaining the same state and constantly exchanging the entire area in the norast tank 10 with fresh seawater W1 without forming a dead water area in the ballast tank 10.
- Fig. 4 (B) shows the ballast water discharge process of vessel 1 anchored at the loading port
- Fig. 4 (C) shows the state of vessel 1 after ballast water discharge.
- the ship 1 that has arrived at the loading port is loaded with a new load.
- the inlet 6 and the outlet 7 are closed by the opening closing means 9 as shown in Fig. 4 (C).
- the seawater W 2 in the ballast tank 10 is drained out of the ship.
- drainage facilities such as drain pumps and drain pipes12 are used.
- ballast water drained to the loading port by ballast drainage is seawater transferred from the unloading port to the loading port, and loaded by microorganisms or bacteria in the sea area of the unloading port. May affect the ecosystem of the sea area of the port. For this reason, such discharge of ballast water has been regarded as a problem in recent years.
- the seawater W2 discharged from the ship 1 Seawater taken in the sea area just before entering the port for example, in the port of the loading port or in the waters near it. For this reason, the marine ecosystem of the loading port is not affected by the norast water discharge.
- FIGS. 17 and 18 are a partial vertical sectional view and a horizontal sectional view of a ship showing a modification of the ballast water exchange device shown in FIGS.
- the tank inner water level LL is located at substantially the same level as the outboard water line (sea level WL), and the top wall 14 is located above the tank inner water level LL.
- the top wall 14 is located below the waterline (the sea level WU, and the tank water level LL matches the level of the top wall 14. That is, as shown in Figs.
- the free surface of ballast water ensures a large amount of ballast or sets the amount of ballast.
- FIG. 19 is a cross-sectional view of a ship showing another modification of the ballast water exchange device shown in FIGS.
- the ballast tank 10 is divided in the hull width direction by a bulkhead 5 extending in the hull longitudinal direction.
- the inlet 6 and the outlet 7 are disposed in each ballast tank 10. According to such a configuration, the free surface in the ballast tank 10 (the width of the water surface is reduced, so that the stability of the hull is improved.
- FIG. 20 and FIG. 21 are a partial longitudinal sectional view and a transverse sectional view of a ship showing still another modified example of the ballast water exchange device shown in FIG. 1 to FIG.
- the top wall surface 14 is located above the water line (sea level WL), and the tank water level LL matches the level of the top wall 14. .
- the ballast water exchange device is provided with seawater introduction means such as pumps and pipelines or seawater pressure feeding means in order to fill seawater up to the ceiling surface of the last tank 10.
- seawater introduction means such as pumps and pipelines or seawater pressure feeding means in order to fill seawater up to the ceiling surface of the last tank 10.
- seawater introduction means such as pumps and pipelines or seawater pressure feeding means in order to fill seawater up to the ceiling surface of the last tank 10.
- the tank It is possible to prevent the ballast water in the ship from rampaging during navigation and improve the stability of the hull.
- the last tank 10 can be designed to be flat and compact.
- Fig. 22 The method of raising the water level LL in the tank above the waterline (sea level WU is illustrated in Fig. 22 and Fig. 23.
- seawater W1 is put into the ballast tank 10 at the unloading port etc.
- Fig. 23 shows the process of causing the seawater W2 in the ballast tank 10 to flow out of the ship at the loading port, etc.
- Ship 1 forces the water level LL in the tank.
- the pipes 23 and 24 are provided with seawater pumps 21 and 22.
- the ship 1 is also provided with a vent pipe 26 with an on-off valve 25.
- the vent pipe 26 is also provided.
- the above-described seawater introduction means is configured such that one end of the vent pipe 26 opens into the tank inner space S at the top wall 14 and the other end is opened to the atmosphere.
- pumps 21 and 22 can be used as a single or common pressurizer.
- Equipment may be used, and pipelines 23 and 24 may be designed as a single or a set of piping systems.
- FIG. 22 (A) shows the state of the ship 1 from which the ballast water has been discharged from the last tank 10.
- the inlet 6, the outlet 7, and the on-off valve 25 are opened, the outboard seawater W1 flows into the tank from the inlet 6 and the outlet 7.
- the air in the tank is released to the atmosphere through the vent pipe 26.
- the water level LL in the tank rises to the outboard water line (level substantially equal to the sea level WU.
- the inlet 6 and the outlet 7 are closed by the opening closing means 9 and the seawater introduction pipeline 23
- the seawater W1 is forcibly fed into the ballast tank 10 as shown in FIG. 22 (B), and the water surface LL in the tank has a top wall 14 as shown in FIG. 22 (C).
- FIG. 23 (A) shows the state of the ship 1 in which the top wall 14 is filled with seawater W2.
- FIG. 5 and FIG. 6 are a perspective view and a longitudinal sectional view schematically showing the structure of the ballast tank 10 shown in FIGS.
- Figure 7 is a schematic longitudinal cross-sectional view, chart, and diagram showing the relationship between the form and structure of the inlet 6 and the seawater replacement rate.
- Figure 8 shows the form and structure of the outlet 7 and the seawater replacement rate. It is a schematic longitudinal cross-sectional view, a chart, and a diagram showing the relationship between
- the outboard seawater W1 as shown in FIGS. 5 and 6 flows into the ballast tank 10 from the inflow port 6 along the upper surface of the bottom portion 13, and as shown by the flow F1, the front side surface of the partition wall 2. It turns upward along the line and splits into the reverse flow F2 and the forward flow F3 near the upper end of the partition wall 2.
- the reverse flow F2 flows forward along the free surface LL or the top wall 14 in the inflow region 3, descends along the front wall 15 in the inflow region 3, and flows along the sea wall F1 flowing from the inlet 6 into the bulkhead 2. It flows toward.
- the forward flow F3 flows over the partition wall 2 into the outflow region 4.
- the forward flow F3 flows backward along the free surface LL or the top wall 14 of the outflow region 4 and descends along the rear wall 16 of the outflow region 4.
- the flow F5 flows forward on the ship bottom portion 13, turns upward along the rear side of the partition wall 2, and returns to the outflow region 4 together with the forward flow F3. Accordingly, in the inflow region 3 and the outflow region 4, a reverse swirl flow swirling around the axis in the width direction (the ridge direction) is formed, and the dead water region in the north tank 10 is substantially eliminated.
- the ballast tank 10 shown in FIGS. 5 and 6 has a rectangular parallelepiped shape with a height H, an overall length L, and a width D, and the partition wall 2 is arranged in the width direction of the hull at a distance L1 from the front wall surface 15. Is done.
- the bulkhead 2 is erected on the bottom portion 13 as an upright flat plate having a height h.
- partition wall 2 a flat plate A flat partition wall having a structure to which a reinforcing frame such as a chifna is attached may be used. When the reinforcing frame is exposed in the tank, it is desirable to arrange the reinforcing frame on the rear side of the flat plate in consideration of the fluid flow in the tank.
- the inlet 6 having the width D1 as described above is preferably disposed in the vicinity of the front wall 15 at the bottom of the center of the hull (in this example, the center in the width direction of the ballast tank 10).
- the outflow port 7 is disposed adjacent to the left and right side wall surfaces 17 of the ballast tank 10 and in the vicinity of the rear wall surface 16.
- the outlet 7 as described above is preferably arranged in the bilge portion 8 (FIG. 2) of the hull.
- FIG. 7 shows the relationship between the structure and configuration of the inlet 6 and the seawater replacement rate.
- Fig. 7 (A) shows a cross section of the ballast tank 10 used for the two-dimensional fluid analysis.
- Figs. 7 (B) to (E) show the inlet 6 used in the two-dimensional fluid analysis.
- Fig. 7 (F) shows the dimension and angle values set in the two-dimensional fluid analysis.
- the inflow port 6 shown in Fig. 7 (B) has an outer lid 9b that can be pivoted about a pivot axis 9a, and the inflow port 6 shown in Fig. 7 (C) is pivoted about a pivot axis 9c. It has a possible inner lid 9d.
- the pivots 9a, 9c, the outer lid 9b, and the inner lid 9d constitute the opening closing means 9 and guide means for guiding the seawater W1 outside the ship into the inflow region 3.
- the inflow port 6 shown in FIG. 7 (D) has front and rear inclined walls 13a and 13b that sink the ship bottom in a streamlined manner, and the inflow port 6 opens horizontally at a position retracted from the ship bottom surface.
- the inflow port 6 shown in FIGS. 7 (D) and 7 (E) includes a sliding door or the like (not shown) constituting the opening closing means 9.
- the seawater replacement rate is an index indicating the ratio of seawater W2 in the ballast tank 10 replaced with seawater W1 outside the ship, and is obtained as a change in the concentration of seawater W2.
- FIG. 8 shows the relationship between the structure and configuration of the outlet 7 and the seawater replacement rate.
- Fig. 8 (A) shows a cross section of the ballast tank 10 used for the two-dimensional fluid analysis
- Figs. 8 (B) to 8 (E) show the outlet 7 used in the two-dimensional fluid analysis
- Fig. 8 (F) shows the dimension and angle values set in the two-dimensional fluid analysis.
- the outflow port 7 shown in Fig. 8 (B) has an outer lid 9f that can pivot about a pivot 9e.
- the pivot and the outer lid 9f constitute an opening closing means 9 and a guide means for guiding the seawater W2 in the north tank 10 to the outside of the ship.
- the outlet 7 shown in FIG. 8 (C) has inclined walls 13c and 13d formed by a streamlined swelling of the bottom of the ship, and the outlet 7 opens horizontally at a position protruding downward from the bottom of the ship. .
- the outflow port 7 shown in FIG. 8 (D) has a front inclined wall 13c that bulges the bottom of the ship in a streamlined manner, and the outflow port 7 opens obliquely downward and rearward.
- FIGS. 8C to 8E has a configuration in which a recessed portion 13e formed by sinking the bottom of the ship in a streamline is formed on the front side of the outlet 7.
- the outlet 7 shown in FIGS. 8C to 8E includes a sliding door or the like (not shown) constituting the opening closing means 9.
- the seawater replacement rate slightly decreased.
- the structure of the forward recess-type outlet 7 does not form a protruding part outside the hull, and is considered to be effective when considering the dock accommodation process during ship inspection and maintenance.
- FIG. 9 shows the relationship between the position of the inlet 6, the position of the outlet 7, the presence / absence of the partition wall 2, and the seawater replacement rate.
- FIG. 9 (A) is a schematic sectional view of the ballast tank 10 used for the two-dimensional fluid analysis
- FIG. 9 (B) is a chart showing the seawater replacement rate obtained by the two-dimensional fluid analysis.
- Figure 9 (B) shows the seawater replacement rate when 300 seconds have elapsed since the start of navigation.
- FIG. 10 is a schematic longitudinal sectional view of the ballast tank 10 illustrating the positions where the outlet 7 can be arranged.
- the present inventor fixed the position of the outer lid inlet 6 at position XI (position adjacent to the front wall 15), and changed the position of the outer lid outlet 7 to positions X7 to X11. Two-dimensional fluid analysis was performed. When outlet 7 is placed at position X7 adjacent to the rear side of bulkhead 2 or when outlet 7 is placed at position XI I adjacent to rear wall surface 16, seawater replacement occurs 300 seconds after the start of navigation The rate exceeded 90%. When outlet 7 was placed at positions X8, X9, and X10 between position X7 and position XI I, the seawater replacement rate at the end of 300 seconds after navigation began to fall within the range of 85 to 90%.
- FIG. 11 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the ballast tank 10 illustrating the positions where the partition walls 2 can be arranged.
- the inventor fixes the position of the outer lid inlet 6 to position XI, fixes the position of the outer lid outlet 7 to position XI I, and positions the partition 2 to positions XI 2 to X16.
- Two-dimensional fluid analysis was performed by changing. When bulkhead 2 was placed at positions X13, X14 and XI5, the seawater replacement rate exceeded 90% after 300 seconds had passed since navigation began. When bulkhead 2 was placed at position XI2 or XI6, the seawater replacement rate at the end of 300 seconds after the start of navigation fell within the range of 85-90%.
- the outlet 7 is disposed at the position X7 adjacent to the rear side surface of the partition wall 2 or the position XI I adjacent to the rear wall 16.
- the partition wall 2 is desirably positioned at the positions X13, X14 and X15. Considering the results of the three-dimensional fluid analysis described later, it is desirable that the partition wall 2 is positioned slightly in front of the center position (X14) (position X13).
- the distance L2 between the two is preferably set to a dimension of 1/3 or less of the total length L of the last tank, for example. 12, FIG. 13, and FIG. 14 are perspective views schematically showing the structure of the ballast tank 10. As shown in FIG.
- the ballast tank 10 shown in Fig. 12 has a configuration in which the partition wall 2 is arranged at a position X14 (Fig. 11), and the inlet 6 and the outlet 7 are arranged at positions XI and XI I (Fig. 10), respectively. .
- the inventor conducted three-dimensional fluid analysis by expanding the width of the inlet 6 from the dimension D1 to the dimension D2. When the width D2 was expanded to twice the width D1 (from 2m to 4m), the seawater replacement rate at the end of 300 seconds after the start of navigation increased by about 65%.
- the ballast tank 10 shown in FIG. 13 has a configuration in which the partition wall 2 is disposed at the position X14 and the inflow port 6 is disposed at the position XI.
- the inventor changed the position of the outlet 7 from the position XI I to the position X7 (FIG. 10), and performed a three-dimensional fluid analysis.
- the seawater replacement rate increased by about 45% when 300 seconds had elapsed since the start of navigation.
- FIG. 14 has a configuration in which the inlet 6 and the outlet 7 are arranged at the positions XI and XI I, respectively.
- the inventor changed the position of the partition wall 2 from the position X14 to the position X13 (FIG. 11), and performed a three-dimensional fluid analysis.
- the seawater replacement rate increased 300% after 300 seconds had elapsed since the start of navigation.
- FIG. 15 is a perspective view schematically showing a configuration example of a suitable ballast tank 10 designed based on such an analysis result.
- the ballast tank 10 has a configuration in which the partition wall 2 is disposed at the position X13, the inlet 6 and the outlet 7 are respectively disposed at the positions XI and X7, and the width of the inlet 6 is expanded from the dimension D1 to the dimension D2.
- FIG. 24 is a schematic longitudinal sectional view and a diagram for explaining the change of the seawater replacement rate related to the height change of the partition wall 2.
- the present inventor has arranged the inlet 6 and the outlet 7 having the outer lids 9b and 9f at the positions XI and XI I, and the partition 2 at the position L1.
- the time change of the seawater replacement rate obtained with the height of the bulkhead 2 varied was examined by two-dimensional fluid analysis.
- the result of the study is shown in Figure 24 (B).
- the present inventor sets the ship speed to 15 knot, sets the dimensions L, L1 and H shown in FIG. 24 (A) to 20 m, 10 m, and 10 m, respectively, and sets the height of the partition 2 h was varied within the range of 0-6m.
- the seawater replacement rate shown in Fig. 24 (B) is 90% (300% at the partition height h ⁇ 0.5m. Exceeded).
- the height h of the partition wall is set to a slight height or the installation of the partition wall (weir) is omitted completely, if the position and structure of the opening can be set appropriately, sufficient seawater can be obtained. This means that a substitution rate can be obtained.
- the inflow port 6 is disposed at the center of the hull, and the outflow port 7 is provided with the force S and the flow that are disposed at the left and right bilge portions 8, respectively.
- the positions of the inlet 6 and the outlet 7 are not necessarily limited to the center part of the hull and the bilge part 8, but can be appropriately set according to the hull structure and the like.
- the above-described embodiment relates to a ballast water exchange device and a ballast water exchange method to which the technology of the present invention is applied.
- the technology of the present invention does not depend on retention of ballast water by a last tank! /, It can also be used as a hull structure and a hull buoyancy control method.
- the present invention is applied to a ballast water exchanging apparatus and a ballast water exchanging method for exchanging ballast water in a north tank with seawater outside a ship during voyage.
- ballast water can be exchanged with seawater with a simple configuration without depending on a driving device such as a forced circulation device, and a high ballast water ratio and a seawater replacement rate can be achieved.
- the present invention can also apply the concept as a ship hull structure and a hull buoyancy control method for reducing hull buoyancy when sailing in an empty or light load state.
- Ship of the present invention According to the body structure and the hull buoyancy control method, it is possible to control the hull buoyancy that does not depend on the retention of ballast water by the last tank.
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
- Physical Water Treatments (AREA)
- Other Liquid Machine Or Engine Such As Wave Power Use (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (5)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US12/448,112 US7921790B2 (en) | 2006-12-09 | 2007-12-10 | Ship buoyancy control system |
JP2008548361A JP4505613B2 (ja) | 2006-12-09 | 2007-12-10 | 船舶の浮力制御システム |
CN2007800437986A CN101553396B (zh) | 2006-12-09 | 2007-12-10 | 船舶的浮力控制系统 |
KR1020097011318A KR101358611B1 (ko) | 2006-12-09 | 2007-12-10 | 선박의 부력제어시스템 |
EP07850335.6A EP2096026B1 (en) | 2006-12-09 | 2007-12-10 | Ship buoyancy control system |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2006-332691 | 2006-12-09 | ||
JP2006332691 | 2006-12-09 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2008069341A1 true WO2008069341A1 (ja) | 2008-06-12 |
Family
ID=39492212
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/JP2007/073761 WO2008069341A1 (ja) | 2006-12-09 | 2007-12-10 | 船舶の浮力制御システム |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US7921790B2 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP2096026B1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP4505613B2 (ja) |
KR (1) | KR101358611B1 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN101553396B (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2008069341A1 (ja) |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN102039982A (zh) * | 2009-10-20 | 2011-05-04 | 小池造船海运株式会社 | 无压载水船 |
WO2018207230A1 (ja) * | 2017-05-08 | 2018-11-15 | 芝海株式会社 | 船舶 |
Families Citing this family (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
KR101036625B1 (ko) * | 2009-01-16 | 2011-05-24 | 삼성중공업 주식회사 | 선박용 밸러스트 시스템 |
ES2390946B1 (es) * | 2009-07-28 | 2013-10-17 | Fº JAVIER PORRAS VILA | Dispositivo para controlar la estabilidad de un barco |
US8635967B1 (en) * | 2010-09-23 | 2014-01-28 | The United States of America as represented by the Secretarey of the Navy | Ballast structure for reducing water-mixing in ships |
ITGE20110038A1 (it) * | 2011-04-07 | 2012-10-08 | Roberto Costanzo | " sistema di gestione delle acque di zavorra delle navi " |
CN107472530A (zh) * | 2016-06-08 | 2017-12-15 | 上海优伟斯智能系统有限公司 | 水陆两用或水上飞行器防水密封舱 |
KR102420828B1 (ko) * | 2020-11-27 | 2022-07-14 | 한윤혜 | 선박 |
CN115432128B (zh) * | 2022-09-30 | 2023-05-26 | 中国船舶科学研究中心 | 一种浅吃水坐底式平台底部结构及坐底控制方法 |
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SU1497104A1 (ru) * | 1986-10-28 | 1989-07-30 | Ленинградский Кораблестроительный Институт | Самовосстанавливающеес судно |
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- 2007-12-10 CN CN2007800437986A patent/CN101553396B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2007-12-10 WO PCT/JP2007/073761 patent/WO2008069341A1/ja active Search and Examination
- 2007-12-10 JP JP2008548361A patent/JP4505613B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2007-12-10 KR KR1020097011318A patent/KR101358611B1/ko not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2007-12-10 EP EP07850335.6A patent/EP2096026B1/en not_active Not-in-force
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---|---|---|---|---|
CN102039982A (zh) * | 2009-10-20 | 2011-05-04 | 小池造船海运株式会社 | 无压载水船 |
JP2011088616A (ja) * | 2009-10-20 | 2011-05-06 | Koike Zosen Kaiun Kk | ノンバラスト船 |
WO2018207230A1 (ja) * | 2017-05-08 | 2018-11-15 | 芝海株式会社 | 船舶 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP2096026A4 (en) | 2011-01-12 |
KR101358611B1 (ko) | 2014-02-05 |
EP2096026A1 (en) | 2009-09-02 |
CN101553396A (zh) | 2009-10-07 |
US7921790B2 (en) | 2011-04-12 |
JP4505613B2 (ja) | 2010-07-21 |
JPWO2008069341A1 (ja) | 2010-03-25 |
US20100018448A1 (en) | 2010-01-28 |
CN101553396B (zh) | 2012-05-09 |
EP2096026B1 (en) | 2014-10-29 |
KR20090087463A (ko) | 2009-08-17 |
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