WO2006109418A1 - 半導体発光素子 - Google Patents
半導体発光素子 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2006109418A1 WO2006109418A1 PCT/JP2006/305367 JP2006305367W WO2006109418A1 WO 2006109418 A1 WO2006109418 A1 WO 2006109418A1 JP 2006305367 W JP2006305367 W JP 2006305367W WO 2006109418 A1 WO2006109418 A1 WO 2006109418A1
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- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 104
- 229910002601 GaN Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- -1 gallium nitride compound Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract 2
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 31
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 20
- 229910002704 AlGaN Inorganic materials 0.000 description 15
- 238000005253 cladding Methods 0.000 description 15
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 14
- JMASRVWKEDWRBT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Gallium nitride Chemical compound [Ga]#N JMASRVWKEDWRBT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 13
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000005530 etching Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 6
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 4
- 150000004767 nitrides Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052594 sapphire Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000010980 sapphire Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000001771 vacuum deposition Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005229 chemical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005684 electric field Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001459 lithography Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002488 metal-organic chemical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001218 Gallium arsenide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005275 alloying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001312 dry etching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012827 research and development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004544 sputter deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001039 wet etching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052984 zinc sulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- H01S5/00—Semiconductor lasers
- H01S5/20—Structure or shape of the semiconductor body to guide the optical wave ; Confining structures perpendicular to the optical axis, e.g. index or gain guiding, stripe geometry, broad area lasers, gain tailoring, transverse or lateral reflectors, special cladding structures, MQW barrier reflection layers
- H01S5/22—Structure or shape of the semiconductor body to guide the optical wave ; Confining structures perpendicular to the optical axis, e.g. index or gain guiding, stripe geometry, broad area lasers, gain tailoring, transverse or lateral reflectors, special cladding structures, MQW barrier reflection layers having a ridge or stripe structure
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B82—NANOTECHNOLOGY
- B82Y—SPECIFIC USES OR APPLICATIONS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MEASUREMENT OR ANALYSIS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF NANOSTRUCTURES
- B82Y20/00—Nanooptics, e.g. quantum optics or photonic crystals
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- H01L33/00—Semiconductor devices having potential barriers specially adapted for light emission; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
- H01L33/02—Semiconductor devices having potential barriers specially adapted for light emission; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof characterised by the semiconductor bodies
- H01L33/04—Semiconductor devices having potential barriers specially adapted for light emission; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof characterised by the semiconductor bodies with a quantum effect structure or superlattice, e.g. tunnel junction
- H01L33/06—Semiconductor devices having potential barriers specially adapted for light emission; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof characterised by the semiconductor bodies with a quantum effect structure or superlattice, e.g. tunnel junction within the light emitting region, e.g. quantum confinement structure or tunnel barrier
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- H01L33/00—Semiconductor devices having potential barriers specially adapted for light emission; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
- H01L33/02—Semiconductor devices having potential barriers specially adapted for light emission; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof characterised by the semiconductor bodies
- H01L33/26—Materials of the light emitting region
- H01L33/30—Materials of the light emitting region containing only elements of Group III and Group V of the Periodic Table
- H01L33/32—Materials of the light emitting region containing only elements of Group III and Group V of the Periodic Table containing nitrogen
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- H01S2301/00—Functional characteristics
- H01S2301/18—Semiconductor lasers with special structural design for influencing the near- or far-field
- H01S2301/185—Semiconductor lasers with special structural design for influencing the near- or far-field for reduction of Astigmatism
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- H01S2304/04—MOCVD or MOVPE
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- H01S5/2004—Confining in the direction perpendicular to the layer structure
- H01S5/2009—Confining in the direction perpendicular to the layer structure by using electron barrier layers
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- H01S5/22—Structure or shape of the semiconductor body to guide the optical wave ; Confining structures perpendicular to the optical axis, e.g. index or gain guiding, stripe geometry, broad area lasers, gain tailoring, transverse or lateral reflectors, special cladding structures, MQW barrier reflection layers having a ridge or stripe structure
- H01S5/2201—Structure or shape of the semiconductor body to guide the optical wave ; Confining structures perpendicular to the optical axis, e.g. index or gain guiding, stripe geometry, broad area lasers, gain tailoring, transverse or lateral reflectors, special cladding structures, MQW barrier reflection layers having a ridge or stripe structure in a specific crystallographic orientation
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- H01S5/20—Structure or shape of the semiconductor body to guide the optical wave ; Confining structures perpendicular to the optical axis, e.g. index or gain guiding, stripe geometry, broad area lasers, gain tailoring, transverse or lateral reflectors, special cladding structures, MQW barrier reflection layers
- H01S5/22—Structure or shape of the semiconductor body to guide the optical wave ; Confining structures perpendicular to the optical axis, e.g. index or gain guiding, stripe geometry, broad area lasers, gain tailoring, transverse or lateral reflectors, special cladding structures, MQW barrier reflection layers having a ridge or stripe structure
- H01S5/2205—Structure or shape of the semiconductor body to guide the optical wave ; Confining structures perpendicular to the optical axis, e.g. index or gain guiding, stripe geometry, broad area lasers, gain tailoring, transverse or lateral reflectors, special cladding structures, MQW barrier reflection layers having a ridge or stripe structure comprising special burying or current confinement layers
- H01S5/2214—Structure or shape of the semiconductor body to guide the optical wave ; Confining structures perpendicular to the optical axis, e.g. index or gain guiding, stripe geometry, broad area lasers, gain tailoring, transverse or lateral reflectors, special cladding structures, MQW barrier reflection layers having a ridge or stripe structure comprising special burying or current confinement layers based on oxides or nitrides
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- H01S5/00—Semiconductor lasers
- H01S5/30—Structure or shape of the active region; Materials used for the active region
- H01S5/32—Structure or shape of the active region; Materials used for the active region comprising PN junctions, e.g. hetero- or double- heterostructures
- H01S5/3211—Structure or shape of the active region; Materials used for the active region comprising PN junctions, e.g. hetero- or double- heterostructures characterised by special cladding layers, e.g. details on band-discontinuities
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- H01S5/00—Semiconductor lasers
- H01S5/30—Structure or shape of the active region; Materials used for the active region
- H01S5/32—Structure or shape of the active region; Materials used for the active region comprising PN junctions, e.g. hetero- or double- heterostructures
- H01S5/3211—Structure or shape of the active region; Materials used for the active region comprising PN junctions, e.g. hetero- or double- heterostructures characterised by special cladding layers, e.g. details on band-discontinuities
- H01S5/3213—Structure or shape of the active region; Materials used for the active region comprising PN junctions, e.g. hetero- or double- heterostructures characterised by special cladding layers, e.g. details on band-discontinuities asymmetric clading layers
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- H01S5/00—Semiconductor lasers
- H01S5/30—Structure or shape of the active region; Materials used for the active region
- H01S5/32—Structure or shape of the active region; Materials used for the active region comprising PN junctions, e.g. hetero- or double- heterostructures
- H01S5/3211—Structure or shape of the active region; Materials used for the active region comprising PN junctions, e.g. hetero- or double- heterostructures characterised by special cladding layers, e.g. details on band-discontinuities
- H01S5/3215—Structure or shape of the active region; Materials used for the active region comprising PN junctions, e.g. hetero- or double- heterostructures characterised by special cladding layers, e.g. details on band-discontinuities graded composition cladding layers
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- H01S5/00—Semiconductor lasers
- H01S5/30—Structure or shape of the active region; Materials used for the active region
- H01S5/34—Structure or shape of the active region; Materials used for the active region comprising quantum well or superlattice structures, e.g. single quantum well [SQW] lasers, multiple quantum well [MQW] lasers or graded index separate confinement heterostructure [GRINSCH] lasers
- H01S5/3403—Structure or shape of the active region; Materials used for the active region comprising quantum well or superlattice structures, e.g. single quantum well [SQW] lasers, multiple quantum well [MQW] lasers or graded index separate confinement heterostructure [GRINSCH] lasers having a strained layer structure in which the strain performs a special function, e.g. general strain effects, strain versus polarisation
- H01S5/3406—Structure or shape of the active region; Materials used for the active region comprising quantum well or superlattice structures, e.g. single quantum well [SQW] lasers, multiple quantum well [MQW] lasers or graded index separate confinement heterostructure [GRINSCH] lasers having a strained layer structure in which the strain performs a special function, e.g. general strain effects, strain versus polarisation including strain compensation
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- H01S5/00—Semiconductor lasers
- H01S5/30—Structure or shape of the active region; Materials used for the active region
- H01S5/34—Structure or shape of the active region; Materials used for the active region comprising quantum well or superlattice structures, e.g. single quantum well [SQW] lasers, multiple quantum well [MQW] lasers or graded index separate confinement heterostructure [GRINSCH] lasers
- H01S5/343—Structure or shape of the active region; Materials used for the active region comprising quantum well or superlattice structures, e.g. single quantum well [SQW] lasers, multiple quantum well [MQW] lasers or graded index separate confinement heterostructure [GRINSCH] lasers in AIIIBV compounds, e.g. AlGaAs-laser, InP-based laser
- H01S5/34333—Structure or shape of the active region; Materials used for the active region comprising quantum well or superlattice structures, e.g. single quantum well [SQW] lasers, multiple quantum well [MQW] lasers or graded index separate confinement heterostructure [GRINSCH] lasers in AIIIBV compounds, e.g. AlGaAs-laser, InP-based laser with a well layer based on Ga(In)N or Ga(In)P, e.g. blue laser
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a semiconductor laser or a light emitting diode using a nitride III-V compound semiconductor.
- AlInGaN has been used as a semiconductor laser capable of emitting light from the blue region to the ultraviolet region, which is necessary for increasing the density of optical discs, in place of conventional GaAs-based semiconductor lasers (see, for example, Patent Document 1).
- Research and development of semiconductor lasers using nitride-based III-V compound semiconductors such as these have been actively conducted and put into practical use.
- an electron barrier layer having a larger bandgap than the active layer is inserted on the p-electrode side of the active layer to prevent electrons from overblowing from the active layer, thereby reducing luminous efficiency.
- This electron barrier layer uses a p-type AlGaN or AlInGaN material.
- the greater the A1 composition ratio the greater the effect of suppressing electron overflow with a larger band gap.
- the A1 composition ratio is also determined for both strengths and weaknesses.
- the thicker the electron barrier layer the greater the effect of suppressing the overflow of electrons, but conversely, the crystallinity deteriorates, and the layer thickness is also determined by the strength and weakness of both.
- the electron barrier layer has a layer thickness that can sufficiently suppress the overflow of electrons
- the light guide layer on the p-electrode side than the electron barrier layer has a higher A1 composition ratio than the electron barrier layer. It is more advantageous from the viewpoint of crystallinity to reduce the thickness. For this reason, the light guide layer and the p-type cladding layer also have an AlGaN, GaN, or InGaN force that has a smaller A1 composition ratio than the electron barrier layer.
- FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view showing a conventional semiconductor light emitting device having such a structure.
- an n-type buffer layer 2 made of GaN with a thickness of 1. O / zm on a GaN substrate 1 in order from the bottom, and A1 with a thickness of 1.0 m
- An n-type cladding layer 3 made of AlGaN having a composition ratio of 0.07
- an n-type light guide layer 4 made of GaN having a thickness of lOO nm
- an AND layer having a thickness of 7 nm.
- a clad layer 10 and a p-type contact layer 11 made of GaN having a thickness of 100 ⁇ m are formed!
- the active layer 6 has a thickness of 3.5 nm and an In composition ratio of 0.14, three undoped InGaN well layers, a thickness of 7. Onm, and an In yarn ratio of 0.02.
- This is a multiple quantum well structure in which two undoped InGaN barrier layers are alternately stacked.
- a ridge 12 is formed by etching toward the ⁇ 1100> direction.
- the width of the ridge 12 is 1.5 m, and the etching depth is 450 nm.
- a 200 nm thick SiO insulating film 13 is formed so as to cover the side surface of the ridge 12 and the p-type cladding layer 10.
- the insulating film 13 is provided with an opening 14 in a portion on the ridge 12.
- the p-type electrode 15 is in electrical contact with the p-type contact layer 11 through the opening 14.
- the p-type electrode 15 is formed by sequentially stacking Pd and Au films.
- an n-type electrode 16 in which a Ti film and an A1 film are sequentially laminated is provided on the back side of the GaN substrate 1.
- Patent Document 1 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 7-235725
- the InGaN layer When grown on a GaN substrate or an underlying layer having a lattice constant close to GaN, the InGaN layer is subjected to compressive strain in the growth plane direction, and the AlGaN layer is subjected to tensile strain. Since these layers have a wurtzite structure, a piezo electric field is generated in the crystal growth direction by the piezo effect due to this strain. Since the direction of strain is different between the InGaN layer and the AlGaN layer, the direction of the generated piezoelectric field is different.
- Figures 7 and 8 show the simulation results of the valence band structure in the a- ⁇ part of Fig. 6 when the piezo effect is not considered and when it is considered.
- the direction of the piezoelectric field is indicated by an arrow.
- the electron barrier layer 8 due to the piezoelectric effect, a positive charge indicated by a symbol + is generated on the optical waveguide layer 7 side, and a negative charge indicated by a symbol 1 is generated on the p-type light guide layer 9 side. Is generated.
- the electron barrier layer 8 and p A large band bending occurs near the interface of the type light guide layer 9 and the hole concentration becomes very high.
- FIG. 9 shows a simulation result of current density in the case of FIG. However, it is shown separately for the current due to holes and the current due to electrons. From this, it can be seen that the current density of the current due to holes is greatly reduced at the point A between the electron barrier layer 8 and the p-type light guide layer 9. This is because the band bending due to the piezoelectric field described above occurs at point A, and this causes the current to spread laterally, resulting in a decrease in current density.
- the electron barrier layer is not AlGaN but InAlGaN (0 ⁇ xl ⁇ l, 0 ⁇ yl ⁇ l) that receives tensile strain.
- Light guide layer is not AlGaN but InAlGaN (0 ⁇ xl ⁇ l, 0 ⁇ yl ⁇ l) that receives tensile strain.
- a nitride III-V compound semiconductor is a material that generates a special effect called a piezo effect.
- the present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems, and an object of the present invention is to obtain a semiconductor light emitting device capable of improving the light emission characteristics.
- a semiconductor light emitting device includes an active layer having a gallium nitride-based compound semiconductor power, and an InAlGaN (0 ⁇ xl) provided on the P layer side of the active layer and receiving tensile strain.
- the first semiconductor layer also has a force, and In Al Ga N (0 ⁇ x2 ⁇ 1, 0 ⁇ y2 ⁇ 1) force has a smaller bandgap than the first semiconductor layer.
- the semiconductor layer and the first Between the first semiconductor layer and the second semiconductor layer, the band gap is smaller than the band gap of the first semiconductor layer and larger than the band gap of the second semiconductor layer.In Al Ga N x3 y3 l -x3- y3
- a first semiconductor layer that also has a force and a band gap smaller than that of the first semiconductor layer.
- the force s can be relaxed, and the generation of high-concentration holes in this portion can be suppressed, thereby suppressing the current spread in the lateral direction. Thereby, the light emission characteristics can be improved.
- FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing a semiconductor light emitting element according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a valence band structure of the semiconductor light emitting device according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a simulation result of current density in the case of FIG. 2.
- FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a valence band structure of a semiconductor light emitting element according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
- FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a simulation result of current density in the case of FIG.
- FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view showing a conventional semiconductor light emitting device.
- FIG. 7 is a diagram showing the valence band structure of a conventional semiconductor light emitting device without considering the piezo effect.
- FIG. 8 is a diagram showing a valence band structure of a conventional semiconductor light emitting device when a piezo effect is taken into consideration.
- FIG. 9 is a diagram showing a simulation result of current density in the case of FIG.
- FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing a semiconductor light emitting element according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
- This semiconductor light emitting device is a nitride semiconductor laser having a ridge structure.
- an n-type buffer layer 2 made of GaN having a thickness of 1. O / zm on a GaN substrate 1 in order from the bottom, and A1 having a thickness of 1.0 m
- An n-type cladding layer 3 made of AlGaN with a composition ratio of 0.07
- an n-type optical guide layer 4 made of GaN with a thickness of lOOnm
- an optical waveguide layer 5 with an undoped InGaN force with a thickness of 7 nm.
- an active layer 6 an optical waveguide layer 7 made of an undoped InGaN having a thickness of 20 nm and an In composition ratio of 0.02, and p-type AlGaN having a thickness of 20 nm and an A1 composition ratio of 0.2. It consists of an electron barrier layer 8, an intermediate layer 17 with p-type InAlGaN force, a p-type light guide layer 9 made of p-type GaN with a thickness of lOOnm, and AlGaN with a thickness of 400 nm and an A1 composition ratio of 0.07.
- a p-type cladding layer 10 and a p-type contact layer 11 having a GaN force with a thickness of lOOnm are formed.
- the active layer 6 has a thickness of 3.5 nm and an In composition ratio of 0.14, three undoped InGaN well layers, a thickness of 7. Onm, and an In yarn ratio of 0.02.
- This is a multiple quantum well structure in which two undoped InGaN barrier layers are alternately stacked.
- a ridge 12 is formed by etching toward the ⁇ 1100> direction.
- the width of the ridge 12 is 1.5 m, and the etching depth is 450 nm.
- a 200 nm thick SiO insulating film 13 is formed so as to cover the side surface of the ridge 12 and the p-type cladding layer 10.
- the insulating film 13 is provided with an opening 14 in a portion on the ridge 12.
- the p-type electrode 15 is in electrical contact with the p-type contact layer 11 through the opening 14.
- the p-type electrode 15 has a structure in which, for example, Pd and Au films are sequentially stacked.
- an n-type electrode 16 in which a Ti film and an A1 film are sequentially laminated is provided on the back side of the GaN substrate 1.
- an n-type buffer layer 2 is formed on a GaN substrate 1 whose surface has been cleaned by thermal cleaning or the like, at a growth temperature of 1000 ° C., for example, by an organic metal chemical vapor deposition (MOCVD) method.
- MOCVD organic metal chemical vapor deposition
- P-type cladding layer 10 and p-type contact layer 11 are sequentially stacked.
- the growth temperature of these layers is, for example, 1000 ° C for the n-type cladding layer 3 and n-type light guide layer 4, and 740 ° C for the undoped InGaN optical waveguide layer 5 to the undoped InGaN optical waveguide layer 7.
- the temperature from the electron barrier layer 8 to the p-type contact layer 11 is 1000 ° C.
- a resist is applied to the entire surface, and a resist pattern having a predetermined shape corresponding to the shape of the mesa portion is formed by lithography.
- etching is performed into the p-type cladding layer 10 by, for example, the RIE method to produce a ridge 12 having an optical wave structure.
- an etching gas for example, a chlorine-based gas is used.
- an insulating film 13 having a thickness of, for example, 0. 0 and having an SiO force of, for example, 0.0 is formed on the entire surface again by, for example, a CVD method, a vacuum evaporation method, a sputtering method,
- the insulating film 13 on the ridge 12 is removed, so-called lift-off is performed.
- an opening 14 is formed on the ridge 12.
- a resist is applied, lithography is performed, and then wet etching or dry etching is performed to form a p-type electrode on the surface.
- an n-type electrode is formed by sequentially depositing Ti and A1 films on the back surface of the substrate by vacuum deposition. Then, an alloying process for bringing the n-type electrode 16 into ohmic contact is performed.
- the wafer is processed into a bar shape by cleaving or the like to form surface resonator end faces, and further, end faces are coated on these end faces of the resonator, and then this bar is chipped by cleaving or the like.
- the semiconductor light emitting element according to the first embodiment is manufactured through the above steps.
- the intermediate layer 17 is provided between the electron barrier layer 8 and the p-type light guide layer 9.
- This intermediate layer 17 has a thickness of lOnm, an In composition ratio of 0.04, an A1 composition ratio of 0.18, and a Ga composition ratio of 0.78, and is substantially strain-free because it is substantially lattice matched to the GaN substrate 1. is there.
- the semiconductor light emitting device according to the first embodiment has a threshold value of 37 mA and a differential efficiency of 1.42 WZA, and the light emission characteristics of the conventional semiconductor light emitting device are 45 mA and 1.35 WZA, respectively. Has improved.
- FIG. 2 shows the result of simulating the valence band structure in the aa ′ part of FIG.
- band bending occurs at the interface between the electron barrier layer 8 and the intermediate layer 17 and at the interface between the intermediate layer 17 and the p-type light guide layer 9, respectively.
- the band discontinuity in these band bends is smaller than in the conventional structure, and the hole concentration generated at each interface is greatly reduced. Therefore, there are two parts with a high hole concentration, but since each hole concentration is small, the overall reduction in resistance can be suppressed.
- FIG. 3 shows the simulation result of the current density in the case of FIG.
- the decrease in current density at point B between the electron barrier layer 8 and the intermediate layer 17 in FIG. 3 is smaller than the decrease in current density at point A in FIG. Therefore, the structure of Embodiment 1 can suppress the current spread in the lateral direction, and thus the light emission characteristics can be improved.
- the first semiconductor layer that also has a force, and In Al Ga with a smaller band gap than the first semiconductor layer
- the band gap is smaller than the band gap of the first semiconductor layer.
- the semiconductor light-emitting element has a third semiconductor layer that has 3 ⁇ 1) power.
- the first semiconductor layer has Al Ga N (yl ⁇ 0.15) force
- the second semiconductor layer is In
- the first semiconductor layer also has Al Ga N force
- the second semiconductor layer is also Al Ga N.
- the first semiconductor layer also has Al Ga N force
- the second semiconductor layer is made of Al Ga N
- the third semiconductor layer is
- the band gap difference between the first semiconductor layer and the third semiconductor layer, and the third semiconductor layer Since the band gap difference between the two semiconductor layers can be reduced, there is an advantage that the operating voltage can be lowered by reducing the barrier of holes moving from the p layer side to the active layer.
- the layer thickness of the intermediate layer 17 must be increased to some extent. You can also.
- the crystallinity of crystals containing In is generally not good. This is because if the growth temperature is high, In is difficult to be taken into the crystal, so the growth temperature must be lowered, and the crystallinity deteriorates due to the growth at this low temperature. Therefore, the upper limit of the layer thickness of the intermediate layer 17 (third semiconductor layer) is limited by its crystallinity, and is preferably 10 nm or less, preferably 50 nm or less, more preferably 30 nm or less. In addition, when the layer thickness is smaller than lnm, the effect hardly occurs, so a layer thickness of lnm or more is necessary.
- the same effect can be obtained by providing the intermediate layer 17 between the electron barrier layer 8 and the p-type cladding layer 10.
- a sapphire substrate such as a sapphire substrate is lattice-matched to the low-temperature GaN buffer fabricated on the substrate.
- the same effect is obtained when using an underlayer with a lattice constant close to GaN, such as a GaN layer fabricated using lateral selective growth technology, on a substrate that is not lattice-matched to GaN, such as a fa layer or a sapphire substrate. Can be obtained.
- the intermediate layer 17 has a thickness of 10 nm, an In composition ratio of 0.01, an A1 composition ratio of 0.14, a Ga composition ratio of 0.85, and has a tensile strain.
- the p-type InAlGaN layer is provided.
- the other structure is the same as that of the first embodiment, and the manufacturing method is the same as that of the first embodiment.
- the semiconductor light emitting device according to Embodiment 2 has a threshold of 30 mA and a differential efficiency of 1.52 WZA, which is an improvement over the conventional semiconductor light emitting device.
- FIG. 17 a layer having a lattice constant force that receives a tensile strain larger than the lattice constant of the GaN substrate 1 may be used.
- Figure 4 shows the valence band structure at the aa 'part of the structure shown in Fig. 1 in this case. Positive charges generated by the piezo effect in the electron barrier layer 8 and the intermediate layer 17 are indicated by + symbols, and negative charges are indicated by one symbol. Since both the electron barrier layer 8 and the intermediate layer 17 are subjected to tensile strain, a positive charge and a negative charge are generated simultaneously at the interface between the two layers and cancel each other.
- the strain amount of the intermediate layer 17 is set appropriately, the electric charge generated at this interface becomes very small, and the band bending becomes small. Furthermore, since the band discontinuity amount is also small, the hole concentration is very small. On the other hand, a new negative charge is generated at the interface between the intermediate layer 17 and the p-type light guide layer 9, but this negative charge can be reduced by appropriately setting the strain amount of the intermediate layer 17.
- the band discontinuity is reduced and the hole concentration is extremely reduced at both the interface between the electron barrier layer 8 and the intermediate layer 17 and the interface between the intermediate layer 17 and the p-type light guide layer 9. Can be made smaller. Therefore, there are two parts with a high hole concentration, but since each hole concentration is small, it is possible to suppress a decrease in resistance as a whole.
- FIG. 5 shows the simulation result of the current density in the case of FIG.
- the decrease in current density at point C between electron barrier layer 8 and intermediate layer 17 in Fig. 5 is smaller than the decrease in current density at point A in Fig. 9 and point B in Fig. 3. It is summer. Therefore, with the above structure, the spread of the lateral current can be further suppressed by inserting the intermediate layer 17.
- a p-type AlGaN layer having a thickness of 10 nm and an A1 composition ratio of 0.2 is provided as the intermediate layer 17.
- the other structure is the same as that of the first embodiment, and the manufacturing method is the same as that of the first embodiment.
- the semiconductor light emitting device according to Embodiment 3 has a threshold of 28 mA and a differential efficiency of 1.56 WZA, which is an improvement over the conventional semiconductor light emitting device.
- an AlGaN material may be used for the intermediate layer 17.
- AlGaN materials are always subject to tensile strain.
- the A1 composition ratio can be increased in order to make the band gap of the intermediate layer 17 smaller than the electron barrier layer 8 and larger than the p-type light guide layer 9. It may be smaller than 8 and larger than the p-type light guide layer 9. Therefore, an intermediate layer satisfying the above two conditions can be easily manufactured.
- the first semiconductor layer that also has In Al Ga N (0 ⁇ xl ⁇ l, 0 ⁇ yl ⁇ l) force subjected to tensile strain, and the band gap is smaller than that of the first semiconductor layer.
- Al Ga N In Al Ga
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US11/910,792 US7755101B2 (en) | 2005-04-11 | 2006-03-17 | Semiconductor light emitting device |
JP2007512434A JPWO2006109418A1 (ja) | 2005-04-11 | 2006-03-17 | 半導体発光素子 |
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Cited By (4)
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JP2010067952A (ja) * | 2009-06-29 | 2010-03-25 | Sumitomo Electric Ind Ltd | 窒化物系半導体光素子 |
US7851243B1 (en) | 2008-09-11 | 2010-12-14 | Sumitomo Electric Industries, Ltd. | Nitride based semiconductor optical device, epitaxial wafer for nitride based semiconductor optical device, and method of fabricating semiconductor light-emitting device |
US10141720B2 (en) | 2015-07-30 | 2018-11-27 | Panasonic Corporation | Nitride semiconductor laser element |
WO2024084898A1 (ja) * | 2022-10-17 | 2024-04-25 | スタンレー電気株式会社 | 垂直共振器型発光素子 |
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TWI405257B (zh) * | 2009-04-08 | 2013-08-11 | Advanced Optoelectronic Tech | 分離基板與半導體層的方法 |
JP5744615B2 (ja) * | 2011-04-28 | 2015-07-08 | シャープ株式会社 | 窒化物半導体発光ダイオード素子 |
TWI499080B (zh) | 2012-11-19 | 2015-09-01 | Genesis Photonics Inc | 氮化物半導體結構及半導體發光元件 |
TWI524551B (zh) | 2012-11-19 | 2016-03-01 | 新世紀光電股份有限公司 | 氮化物半導體結構及半導體發光元件 |
TWI535055B (zh) * | 2012-11-19 | 2016-05-21 | 新世紀光電股份有限公司 | 氮化物半導體結構及半導體發光元件 |
CN108565319B (zh) * | 2013-01-25 | 2020-10-02 | 新世纪光电股份有限公司 | 氮化物半导体结构及半导体发光元件 |
TWI738640B (zh) | 2016-03-08 | 2021-09-11 | 新世紀光電股份有限公司 | 半導體結構 |
TWI717386B (zh) | 2016-09-19 | 2021-02-01 | 新世紀光電股份有限公司 | 含氮半導體元件 |
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US20090026489A1 (en) | 2009-01-29 |
US7755101B2 (en) | 2010-07-13 |
JPWO2006109418A1 (ja) | 2008-10-09 |
CN101156285A (zh) | 2008-04-02 |
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