WO2006046573A1 - すべり軸受用グリス - Google Patents
すべり軸受用グリス Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2006046573A1 WO2006046573A1 PCT/JP2005/019623 JP2005019623W WO2006046573A1 WO 2006046573 A1 WO2006046573 A1 WO 2006046573A1 JP 2005019623 W JP2005019623 W JP 2005019623W WO 2006046573 A1 WO2006046573 A1 WO 2006046573A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- shaft
- bearing
- grease
- slide
- oil
- Prior art date
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C11/00—Pivots; Pivotal connections
- F16C11/04—Pivotal connections
- F16C11/045—Pivotal connections with at least a pair of arms pivoting relatively to at least one other arm, all arms being mounted on one pin
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
- F16C33/02—Parts of sliding-contact bearings
- F16C33/04—Brasses; Bushes; Linings
- F16C33/06—Sliding surface mainly made of metal
- F16C33/10—Construction relative to lubrication
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M101/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being a mineral or fatty oil
- C10M101/02—Petroleum fractions
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M103/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being an inorganic material
- C10M103/04—Metals; Alloys
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M103/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being an inorganic material
- C10M103/06—Metal compounds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M173/00—Lubricating compositions containing more than 10% water
- C10M173/02—Lubricating compositions containing more than 10% water not containing mineral or fatty oils
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C17/00—Sliding-contact bearings for exclusively rotary movement
- F16C17/02—Sliding-contact bearings for exclusively rotary movement for radial load only
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
- F16C33/02—Parts of sliding-contact bearings
- F16C33/04—Brasses; Bushes; Linings
- F16C33/06—Sliding surface mainly made of metal
- F16C33/10—Construction relative to lubrication
- F16C33/102—Construction relative to lubrication with grease as lubricant
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
- F16C33/02—Parts of sliding-contact bearings
- F16C33/04—Brasses; Bushes; Linings
- F16C33/06—Sliding surface mainly made of metal
- F16C33/12—Structural composition; Use of special materials or surface treatments, e.g. for rust-proofing
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
- F16C33/02—Parts of sliding-contact bearings
- F16C33/04—Brasses; Bushes; Linings
- F16C33/06—Sliding surface mainly made of metal
- F16C33/12—Structural composition; Use of special materials or surface treatments, e.g. for rust-proofing
- F16C33/122—Multilayer structures of sleeves, washers or liners
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2201/00—Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2201/04—Elements
- C10M2201/041—Carbon; Graphite; Carbon black
- C10M2201/0413—Carbon; Graphite; Carbon black used as base material
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- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2201/00—Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2201/06—Metal compounds
- C10M2201/061—Carbides; Hydrides; Nitrides
- C10M2201/0613—Carbides; Hydrides; Nitrides used as base material
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- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2201/00—Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2201/06—Metal compounds
- C10M2201/065—Sulfides; Selenides; Tellurides
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- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2201/00—Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2201/06—Metal compounds
- C10M2201/065—Sulfides; Selenides; Tellurides
- C10M2201/0653—Sulfides; Selenides; Tellurides used as base material
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2201/00—Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2201/06—Metal compounds
- C10M2201/065—Sulfides; Selenides; Tellurides
- C10M2201/066—Molybdenum sulfide
- C10M2201/0663—Molybdenum sulfide used as base material
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2203/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds and hydrocarbon fractions as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2203/10—Petroleum or coal fractions, e.g. tars, solvents, bitumen
- C10M2203/1006—Petroleum or coal fractions, e.g. tars, solvents, bitumen used as base material
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2205/00—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2205/02—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing acyclic monomers
- C10M2205/022—Ethene
- C10M2205/0225—Ethene used as base material
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2209/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2209/10—Macromolecular compoundss obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- C10M2209/1003—Macromolecular compoundss obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds used as base material
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2209/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2209/10—Macromolecular compoundss obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- C10M2209/103—Polyethers, i.e. containing di- or higher polyoxyalkylene groups
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2209/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2209/10—Macromolecular compoundss obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- C10M2209/103—Polyethers, i.e. containing di- or higher polyoxyalkylene groups
- C10M2209/1033—Polyethers, i.e. containing di- or higher polyoxyalkylene groups used as base material
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2213/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing halogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2213/06—Perfluoro polymers
- C10M2213/062—Polytetrafluoroethylene [PTFE]
- C10M2213/0623—Polytetrafluoroethylene [PTFE] used as base material
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2217/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2217/04—Macromolecular compounds from nitrogen-containing monomers obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- C10M2217/044—Polyamides
- C10M2217/0443—Polyamides used as base material
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2221/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2221/04—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- C10M2221/0405—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds used as base material
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2010/00—Metal present as such or in compounds
- C10N2010/02—Groups 1 or 11
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- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2010/00—Metal present as such or in compounds
- C10N2010/06—Groups 3 or 13
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- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2010/00—Metal present as such or in compounds
- C10N2010/12—Groups 6 or 16
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- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2020/00—Specified physical or chemical properties or characteristics, i.e. function, of component of lubricating compositions
- C10N2020/01—Physico-chemical properties
- C10N2020/02—Viscosity; Viscosity index
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- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2030/00—Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
- C10N2030/76—Reduction of noise, shudder, or vibrations
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- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
- C10N2040/02—Bearings
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- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2050/00—Form in which the lubricant is applied to the material being lubricated
- C10N2050/10—Semi-solids; greasy
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C2350/00—Machines or articles related to building
- F16C2350/26—Excavators
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a grease for a sliding bearing comprising a porous sintered alloy bush in which pores are impregnated with lubricating oil.
- a plain bearing assembly having a supported shaft may be used.
- a excavator for a hydraulic excavator which is a typical example of a construction machine, has a boom connected to an upper swing body on a traveling body, an arm connected to the tip of the boom, and a packet connected to the tip of the arm.
- a slide bearing assembly having a slide bearing that supports a shaft serving as a pivot is generally used at the joints of the boom, arm, and packet.
- This type of plain bearing assembly includes an oil-containing sintered alloy bushing in which a porous bushing made of iron-based sintered alloy is impregnated with high-viscosity lubricating oil as a bearing.
- This oil-impregnated sintered alloy bushing reduces the viscosity while expanding the lubricating oil impregnated by the frictional heat generated when the shaft slides on the bush, thereby causing the lubricating oil to ooze out on the sliding surface and forming a thin oil film. It is formed and exhibits an excellent self-lubricating function (see Patent Document 1, etc.).
- Patent Document 1 Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 8-105444
- An object of the present invention is to provide a grease for a sliding bearing that can suppress abnormal noise caused by sliding of a shaft and a bearing when the machine is stopped.
- the present invention provides a sliding bearing having a porous sintered gold bush force in which pores are impregnated with a lubricant, and a circumferential direction passing through the sliding bearing. It is a grease for a sliding bearing that is supplied between the shaft and the shaft that is supported so as to be slidably rotated, and the kinematic viscosity at 40 ° C is 10 to 70 mm 2 Zs. A base oil that forms an oil film between the sliding bearing and the shaft is used.
- the present invention also provides a sliding bearing having a porous sintered alloy bushing force in which pores are impregnated with a lubricant mixed with a solid lubricant, and the sliding bearing.
- a base oil that oozes out and forms an oil film between the sliding bearing and the shaft is used.
- the present invention also provides a sliding bearing having a porous sintered alloy bushing force in which pores are impregnated with a lubricant, and the sliding bearing is passed through the sliding bearing.
- Grease for a sliding bearing to be supplied to a shaft supported so as to rotate and slide in the direction, and has a kinematic viscosity lower than that of the lubricating oil and oozes out due to the load of the shaft.
- a base oil that forms an oil film between the bearing and the shaft is used.
- the present invention also provides a sliding bearing having a porous sintered alloy bushing force in which pores are impregnated with lubricating oil, and a sliding bearing that is passed through the sliding bearing.
- the sliding base oil is a base oil that forms an oil film between the bearing and the shaft, and at least a solid lubricant is added.
- the present invention also provides a sliding bearing having a porous sintered alloy bushing force in which pores are impregnated with lubricating oil, and a sliding bearing that is passed through the sliding bearing.
- Grease for a sliding bearing to be supplied to a shaft supported so as to rotate and slide in the direction, and has a kinematic viscosity lower than that of the lubricating oil and oozes out due to the load of the shaft.
- a base oil that forms an oil film between the bearing and the shaft is used, and at least a solid lubricant is added.
- the solid lubricant is organic molybdenum, molybdenum disulfide, tungsten disulfide, boron nitride, graphite, nylon , At least one of polyethylene, polyimide, polyacetal, polytetrafluoroethylene, and polyphenylene sulfide.
- an oil film is formed between the slide bearing and the shaft by the low-viscosity base oil that exudes the grease force for the slide bearing. Therefore, this serves as a lubricating film to reduce the frictional force between the slide bearing and the shaft, thereby suppressing the generation of abnormal noise or reducing the generated abnormal noise.
- FIG. 1 is a side view showing the overall structure of a hydraulic excavator that is an example of a machine to which the grease for a slide bearing of the present invention is applied.
- FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing the internal structure of a slide bearing assembly to which the slide bearing grease according to the first embodiment of the present invention is applied.
- FIG. 3 shows a slide bearing to which the grease for a slide bearing according to the first embodiment of the present invention is applied.
- FIG. 6 is a partial cross-sectional view showing an enlarged and schematic view of the vicinity of an interface with a shaft.
- FIG. 4 is a sliding bearing and a cross-sectional view of the shaft schematically showing the state of the oil film oozing out of the grease force for the sliding bearing of the present invention.
- FIG. 5 is a side view showing the overall structure of a hydraulic excavator that is an example of a machine to which the grease for a slide bearing of the present invention is applied, and is a view showing a state where a packet is also buoyant with ground force.
- FIG. 6 is an enlarged partial schematic sectional view showing the vicinity of an interface between a slide bearing and a shaft to which a grease for a slide bearing according to a second embodiment of the present invention is applied.
- FIG. 7 is a table showing the composition and performance test comparison results of the slide bearing grease of the present invention and a commercially available grease.
- FIG. 8 is a graph showing the measurement results of the friction coefficient between the grease for the slide bearing of the present invention and the commercially available grease.
- FIG. 1 is a side view showing the entire structure of a hydraulic excavator as an example of a machine to which the grease for a slide bearing of the present invention is applied.
- the hydraulic excavator shown in FIG. 1 is provided on a lower traveling body 1, an upper revolving body 2 that is turnably mounted on the lower traveling body 1, and one side (left side in FIG. 1) on the upper revolving body 2.
- the engine room 4 provided on the other side (right side in FIG. 1) on the upper swing body 2 and the excavator 5 provided on the driver room 3 side on the upper swing body 2 are provided.
- the excavator 5 includes a boom 6 provided on the upper swing body 2 so as to be movable up and down, and the boom 6
- a packet 10 provided so as to be movable and a hydraulic cylinder 11 for packet for rotating the packet 10 are provided.
- each slide bearing assembly used in the working device 5 differs in size and shape depending on the installation location, but the configuration is almost the same.
- FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing an internal structure of a slide bearing assembly to which the slide bearing grease according to the first embodiment of the present invention is applied.
- the sliding bearing assembly 12 shown in FIG. 2 includes a boss 15 and a sliding bearing 16 that also has a porous sintered alloy bushing force that is fitted and fixed inside the boss 15 by shrink fitting such as shrink fitting or cooling fitting.
- the shaft 22 is inserted into the plain bearing 16 and supported so as to rotate and slide in the circumferential direction.
- brackets 19 and 19 are arranged so that shims 20 and 20 are sandwiched between both end faces of the boss 15, respectively.
- the clearance between the brackets 19 and 19 and the boss 15 is the O-rings 21 and 21 attached to the outer periphery.
- the shaft 22 ⁇ , the bracket 19, the shim 20, the dust seal 18, and the slide bearing 16 are passed through, and are locked to the bracket 19 by a rotation locking bolt 23.
- the shaft 22 is provided with a grease greasing hole 25 for supplying the slide bearing grease 24 to the substantially central portion of the slide bearing 16 also on the side opposite to the mounting side of the rotation locking bolt 23. .
- a sealing plug 26 is screwed to one end of the grease greasing hole 25, and the sliding bearing grease 24 filled in the grease greasing hole 25 is sealed by the sealing plug 26. With such a configuration, the grease 24 for the sliding bearing filled in the grease supply hole 25 is supplied between the sliding bearing 16 and the shaft 22.
- the above-described sliding bearing 16 is a porous composite sintered alloy composed of, for example, copper powder and iron powder. It has a large number of pores. These pores are impregnated with highly viscous lubricating oil, and when sliding bearing 16 slides relative to shaft 22, grease 24 for sliding bearing is not supplied by the self-lubricating function. Even with this, the lubrication effect between the shafts 22 is fully exhibited.
- the porosity of the slide bearing 16 is preferably about 5 to 30 [vol%], for example. If the porosity is less than 5 [vol%], a sufficient amount of lubricating oil may not be impregnated, and the function as a non-greasy bearing may be insufficient. On the other hand, when the porosity is higher than 30 [vol%], the mechanical strength of the slide bearing 16 is lowered. Note that a composite sintered alloy made of other materials such as copper powder and iron powder can also be applied as the material of the sliding bearing 16.
- the lubricating oil impregnated in the slide bearing 16 is a highly viscous oil having a relatively high kinematic viscosity. This lubricating oil expands due to the frictional heat generated when the shaft 22 slides on the slide bearing 16 and lowers its viscosity, thereby oozing out on the sliding surface between the shaft 22 and the slide bearing 16 to form a thin oil film. . After use, it shrinks with decreasing temperature and returns to the pores of the sliding bearing 16 again by capillary action. The plain bearing 16 exhibits an excellent self-lubricating function due to the behavior of the lubricating oil.
- the kinematic viscosity of the lubricating oil to be impregnated is not necessarily limited.
- the sliding bearing 16 Assuming that the sliding bearing 16 is impregnated, it can remain in the pores during normal operation after impregnation, and it can be used with the shaft 22 during use. It must be within a range where it can return to the sliding bearing 16 again as the temperature drops after it oozes out on the sliding surface due to frictional heat. For example, if the kinematic viscosity range of the lubricating oil is exemplified, it is confirmed that the above behavior can be exhibited if the kinematic viscosity value at 25.5 [° C] is about 56 to 1500 [mm 2 Zs]. It has been.
- kinematic viscosity at 25.5 [° C] is 220 [mm 2 Zs] or less, it will be lower than 70 [Mpa], which is the standard surface pressure applied to bearings for construction machinery. Since there was a case where seizure of the plain bearing 16 was observed in the present invention, the lubricating oil having a kinematic viscosity value at about 25.5 [° C] of about 220 to 1500 [mm 2 Zs] was used in the practice of the present invention. It is more preferable to apply
- the lubricating oil impregnated in the sliding bearing 16 most commercially available lubricating oils including mineral oils and synthetic oils can be used, and those having kinematic viscosity capable of exhibiting the above-described behavior. If so, the composition is not particularly limited. However, grease containing a fibrous thickener is excluded because it cannot be impregnated in the slide bearing 16.
- the lubricant to be impregnated into the slide bearing 16 contains a solid lubricant.
- the solid lubricant contained in the lubricant has a layered structure and exhibits an excellent lubricating effect by sliding in the layer direction.
- solid lubricants examples include organic molybdenum, molybdenum disulfide, tungsten disulfide, boron nitride, graphite, nylon, polyethylene, polyimide, polyacetal, polytetrafluoroethylene, and polyphenylene sulfide. At least one of these.
- the solid lubricant content of the lubricating oil is, for example, about 2.0 to 30 [mass%], and the particle size of the solid lubricating fine particles does not block the pores so that they can smoothly enter and exit the pores of the slide bearing 16 It should be small enough (for example, about 0.1 111 to 100 111).
- the solid solid lubricant and the lubricating oil are sufficiently agitated to uniformly mix the solid lubricant in the lubricating oil.
- the lubricating oil is heated to lower the viscosity and liquefy.
- the plain bearing 16 is immersed in the liquefied lubricating oil and left in a vacuum atmosphere. As a result, air in the pores of the slide bearing 16 is sucked out, and instead, lubricating oil containing a solid lubricant is sucked into the pores.
- the heating temperature of the lubricating oil when impregnating the plain bearing 16 is not particularly limited, and varies depending on the viscosity of the lubricating oil used. It is sufficient to raise the temperature. However, when using a resin material such as polyethylene, polyimide, polyacetal, PTFE (polytetrafluoroethylene) as the solid lubricant, the heating temperature must be lower than the heat resistance temperature of the resin. . Further, the immersion time and the degree of vacuum of the slide bearing 16 in the lubricating oil are not particularly limited, and depend on the viscosity of the lubricating oil used, and the pores of the sliding bearing 16 are saturated with the lubricating oil.
- the shaft 22 is made of a steel material or the like.
- the surface is subjected to treatment such as carburizing, induction hardening, laser hardening, nitriding, etc., and then chemical conversion (for example, zinc phosphate, phosphorus Surface modification treatment by acid manganese etc.) or sulfurization treatment.
- treatment such as carburizing, induction hardening, laser hardening, nitriding, etc.
- chemical conversion for example, zinc phosphate, phosphorus Surface modification treatment by acid manganese etc.
- sulfurization treatment for example, zinc phosphate, phosphorus Surface modification treatment by acid manganese etc.
- the sliding surface of the slide bearing 16 with respect to the shaft 22 is also subjected to surface modification treatment by carburizing, quenching, nitriding, sulfiding treatment methods, etc., as with the surface of the shaft 22. Is more preferable.
- the thickness l [mn! ] To 3 [mm], preferably about 2 [mm] when the carburized hard layer is formed, the wear resistance of the plain bearing 16 is further improved.
- FIG. 3 is an enlarged partial schematic sectional view showing the vicinity of the interface between the slide bearing and the shaft to which the slide bearing grease according to the first embodiment of the present invention is applied.
- the lubricating oil 31 impregnated in the pores 30 has extremely low fluidity, even if the sliding bearing 16 and the shaft 22 are repeatedly slid relative to each other, they hardly flow out. As a result, the lubricating oil film 32 continues to be supplied stably for an extremely long time.
- the so-called “galling phenomenon” that occurs between the pivoting shaft 22 and the plain bearing 16 is caused by microscopic metal contact between the two, which is a microscopic “oil pool” as shown in the figure. "Prevented by the presence of (oil film 32).
- the sliding bearing grease 24 in the grease greasing hole 25 described above has a base oil having a kinematic viscosity lower than that of the lubricating oil 31, specifically a kinematic viscosity at 40 [° C.] of 10 Base oil that oozes out by the load of the shaft 22 at ⁇ 70 [mm 2 Zs] (preferably 30 to 70 [mm 2 Zs]) and forms an oil film (described later) between the slide bearing 16 and the shaft 22 Used.
- This base oil is, for example, a hydrocarbon-based synthetic low-viscosity base oil and low-viscosity mineral oil.
- this slide bearing grease 24 As a thickener, it is suitable for low viscosity base oils such as metal soap, polyurea resin, organic bentonite, silica, fluorinated resin, etc.
- the slide bearing grease 24 having the above composition is obtained by using the base oil having a kinematic viscosity of 10 to 70 [mm 2 Zs] at 40 [° C] as the base bearing 16 and the shaft. It plays the role of ensuring lubricity between the two while the relative sliding with 22 is stopped for a certain time or more.
- the basis for the kinematic viscosity range of the base oil of grease 24 for slide bearings will be described later.
- FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the sliding bearing 16 and the shaft 22 schematically showing the state of the oil film 35.
- grease generally used for a sliding bearing of a construction machine has improved performance under high surface pressure.
- the base oil viscosity is set to a relatively high value in order to increase the viscosity, so that the lubricating film is cut between the stopped shaft and the bearing.
- the excavator 5 when the excavator is stopped for a certain period of time or longer, generally, the excavator 5 has a posture in which the packet 10 of the excavator 5 is grounded as shown in FIG. 1. However, as shown in FIG. Ground force When left standing in a buoyant state, the moment caused by the weight of the excavator 5 acts on the sliding bearing assembly 12. The drilling rig 5 tries to maintain the current posture by the holding force of the hydraulic oil in each hydraulic cylinder 7, 9, 11, but if the cylinder internal pressure decreases due to a minute leak of the hydraulic oil in the hydraulic drive circuit, the drilling equipment 5 The force against the descending moment of the drilling rig 5 decreases. As a result, a force acts to slide the slide bearing 16 and the shaft 22 relative to each other even though the vehicle is completely stopped.
- FIG. 6 is an enlarged partial schematic sectional view showing the vicinity of the interface between the slide bearing and the shaft to which the slide bearing grease according to the second embodiment of the present invention is applied.
- the same parts as those in the previous drawings are denoted by the same reference numerals as those already described, and the description thereof is omitted.
- the plain bearing 16 in the present embodiment is also formed of a porous composite sintered alloy.
- the pores contain a solid lubricant, and high viscosity lubricating oil is not contained. Impregnated.
- the lubricating oil containing the solid lubricant of the previous embodiment is replaced with the lubricating oil not containing the solid lubricant in the present embodiment. What is necessary is just to carry out in the same way as a form.
- the pores 30 of the sliding bearing 16 are impregnated by the frictional heat at that time.
- the highly viscous lubricating oil 31 is exposed on the inner peripheral surface of the slide bearing 16 to form a thin oil film 32.
- the oil film 32 serves as a sliding interface between the slide bearing 16 and the shaft 22 to exert a lubricating effect and to obtain excellent tribological characteristics. Since the lubricating oil 31 impregnated in the pores 30 is extremely low in fluidity, even if the sliding bearing 16 and the shaft 22 repeatedly slide relative to each other, they hardly flow out.
- the lubricating oil film 32 continues to be stably supplied for an extremely long time.
- the so-called "galling phenomenon” that occurs between the swinging shaft 22 and the plain bearing 16 is the force caused by the microscopic metal contact between them. 32) prevented by the presence.
- the sliding bearing receiving grease 24 in the grease greasing hole 25 (see Fig. 2) described above is applied to the same base oil as in the first embodiment.
- Solid lubricant similar to the form is added. That is, in the first embodiment, the lubricating oil 31 impregnated in the sliding bearing 16 is made to contain solid lubricating oil, whereas in this embodiment, the grease for the sliding bearing in the grease greasing hole 25 is used. 24 contains a solid lubricant.
- the slide bearing grease 24 according to the present embodiment having the above composition is a slide bearing having a kinematic viscosity of 10 to 70 [mm 2 Zs] at a base oil pressure of 40 [° C]. While the relative sliding between the shaft 16 and the shaft 22 is stopped for a certain time or more, the lubricity between the two is ensured, and by adding a solid lubricant, the shaft 22 slightly swings against the slide bearing 16. It plays the role of ensuring the lubricity between the two when moving.
- the lubricating oil 31 impregnated in the pores 30 of the slide bearing 16 appears on the inner peripheral surface of the slide bearing 16.
- a thin oil film 32 is formed.
- the grease 24 for the slide bearing from the grease greasing hole 25 is interposed between the slide bearing 16 and the shaft 22, and the particulate solid lubricant mixed in the grease 24 for the slide bearing is present. It enters between the plain bearing 16 and the shaft 22.
- the solid lubricant enters the sliding surface between the slide bearing 16 and the shaft 22 together with the lubricant 31
- a fine layer of the slide bearing grease 24 containing the lubricant 31 and the solid lubricant is formed. It is formed on the sliding surface between the sliding bearing 16 and the shaft 22, and exhibits an excellent lubricating effect between the sliding bearing 16 and the shaft 22 that slide relative to each other.
- the present embodiment is the same as the first embodiment, and the same functions and effects as those of the first embodiment can be obtained.
- the solid lubricant contained in the slide bearing grease 24 quickly enters between the slide bearing 16 and the shaft 22, so that the drive is performed at a relatively low speed. Even in such a case, a sufficient lubricating effect can be secured.
- the excavator 5 is driven at a higher speed than that, sufficient frictional heat is obtained, so that a necessary and sufficient amount of lubricating oil 31 oozes out and the excellent lubricating effect inherent in the oil-impregnated sintered alloy bushing is exhibited. .
- Fig. 7 shows the composition and performance test comparison results of the slide bearing grease of the present invention and a commercially available grease.
- the inventors of the present invention have examined the relationship between the occurrence mechanism of fretting phenomenon and the relationship between this and the results of this test, and as a result, the kinematic viscosity range of the base oil of the slide bearing grease of the present invention is within the above range. RU
- a base die was manufactured by a method similar to that of a generally manufactured lithium grease, an additive was mixed with the manufactured base grease, kneaded by a three-roll mill, and then the consistency was set to NLGI (National Lubricating Grease Institute) No. 2 grade (consistency: 265 to 295) was prepared, and samples 1 to 5 of grease for the slide bearing of the present invention were produced. And the performance of these samples 1-5 was compared with commercial products 1-3.
- NLGI National Lubricating Grease Institute
- samples 1 to 5 were all based on mineral oil, Li as the thickener, and extreme pressure agent-antifungal agent 'Organic Mo (solid lubricant)' oil agent as additive. Is. However, the base oils used for samples 1 to 5 have different kinematic viscosities, and the kinematic viscosity values [mm 2 Zs] of the base oils of samples 1 to 5 at 40 [° C] are 10, 22, 32, 46, 68.
- the commercially available products 1 and 2 used for comparison are generally lubricated to the sliding bearing assembly of the excavator of the excavator as shown in FIG.
- Commercial product 3 has higher base oil viscosity and higher extreme pressure performance. Consistency is NLGI No. 2 for both commercial products 1 to 3, but the kinematic viscosity values [mm 2 Zs] of the base oils (mineral oils) of the commercial products 1 to 3 are 143, 93 and 430, respectively. is there.
- both samples 1 to 5 have the same wear resistance performance as that of commercial products 1 and 2.
- the load bearing performance was the same or better.
- the load bearing performance was as high as 3 090 [N].
- the load-bearing performance test is a high-speed 4-ball test (1770 [rpm] X 10 [sec])
- the wear resistance delivery test was conducted by a high-speed four-ball test (1220 [rpm] X 40 [kgf] X 75 [° C] X l [hr]).
- the friction coefficient was evaluated using Samples 1 to 5 and commercial products 1 to 3.
- the test conditions were: sliding speed: 180 [mmZmin], sliding width: 10 [mm], pressing load against the disk of the pin: 1 [kg], grease film thickness: 0.2 [mm], and sliding started After that, the friction coefficient was measured for a certain period of time (here, 5000 times of reciprocating sliding) from the lapse of a predetermined time. A graph showing the measurement results is shown in FIG.
- each slide bearing assembly of the excavator of the hydraulic excavator is lubricated with samples 1 to 5 and commercially available products 1 to 3, respectively.
- samples 1 to 5 and commercially available products 1 to 3, respectively are lubricated with samples 1 to 5 and commercially available products 1 to 3, respectively.
- FIG. 10 is stopped while floating from the ground (for example, about 1 [m]), and the difference due to the sliding of the sliding bearing assembly 12 between the boom 6 and the arm 8 and between the arm 8 and the packet 10 is caused.
- the kinematic viscosity of the base oil at 40 [° C] is about 70 [mm 2 Zs] or less. It was found that the use of this grease can suppress the generation of abnormal noise compared to commercially available grease. On the other hand, oils with a kinematic viscosity at 40 [° C] of less than 10 [mm 2 Zs] are special and uncommon. The lower limit of the base oil viscosity should be 10 [mm 2 Zs] because the point is low and unsuitable as a base oil for grease. As described above, it was found that the use of grease having a kinematic viscosity of 10 to 70 [mm 2 Zs] at 40 [° C.] can suppress the generation of abnormal noise.
- the kinematic viscosity of the base oil at 40 [° C] is preferably 30 to 70.
- the viscosity of the grease itself is not particularly limited, and the kinematic viscosity of the base oil that oozes out the grease force is limited. Therefore, it can be made into a paste-like composition and applied to the plain bearing assembly with a spatula or injected with a tube or the like, or diluted with a solvent and sprayed with a spray or the like. You may do it.
- the oil-impregnated sintered alloy bushing in which the solid oil is included in the lubricating oil to be impregnated is described as an example of application of the grease for the slide bearing of the first embodiment.
- the grease for the slide bearing of the first embodiment can also be applied to an oil-impregnated sintered alloy bush impregnated with a lubricating oil not containing a solid lubricant.
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Sliding-Contact Bearings (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP05805276A EP1806512B1 (en) | 2004-10-29 | 2005-10-25 | Grease for sliding bearing |
US11/587,487 US20070242910A1 (en) | 2004-10-29 | 2005-10-25 | Grease For Slide Bearing |
US13/041,993 US20110152139A1 (en) | 2004-10-29 | 2011-03-07 | Grease for slide bearing |
US13/346,223 US8376619B2 (en) | 2004-10-29 | 2012-01-09 | Grease for slide bearing |
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2004316745A JP4451276B2 (ja) | 2004-10-29 | 2004-10-29 | すべり軸受用グリス |
JP2004-316745 | 2004-10-29 | ||
JP2004316755A JP4451277B2 (ja) | 2004-10-29 | 2004-10-29 | すべり軸受用グリス |
JP2004-316755 | 2004-10-29 |
Related Child Applications (2)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US10/587,487 A-371-Of-International US20070168453A1 (en) | 2004-06-24 | 2005-06-21 | Function managing apparatus |
US13/041,993 Continuation US20110152139A1 (en) | 2004-10-29 | 2011-03-07 | Grease for slide bearing |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2006046573A1 true WO2006046573A1 (ja) | 2006-05-04 |
Family
ID=36227814
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/JP2005/019623 WO2006046573A1 (ja) | 2004-10-29 | 2005-10-25 | すべり軸受用グリス |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (3) | US20070242910A1 (ja) |
EP (2) | EP2312174B1 (ja) |
KR (1) | KR101021995B1 (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2006046573A1 (ja) |
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JP2009097641A (ja) * | 2007-10-17 | 2009-05-07 | Mitsuba Corp | 焼結含油軸受及び回転電機 |
JP2009543181A (ja) * | 2006-06-28 | 2009-12-03 | アノト アクティエボラーク | 電子ペンにおける動作制御およびデータ処理 |
JP2019116949A (ja) * | 2017-12-27 | 2019-07-18 | 株式会社アドヴィックス | 動力変換装置及び車両の電動制動装置 |
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US20090202855A1 (en) * | 2008-01-09 | 2009-08-13 | Saxton David M | Porous sliding bearing and method of construction thereof |
US7784152B2 (en) * | 2008-06-18 | 2010-08-31 | Roger Svensson | Integrated sealed and lube free pivot system |
DE102010022039B3 (de) * | 2010-05-25 | 2011-07-14 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft, 80333 | Bauteil mit einer Gleitfläche für die Lagerung eines anderen Bauteils sowie Verfahren zum Erzeugen einer Gleitschicht |
US8882011B2 (en) * | 2011-06-28 | 2014-11-11 | Fellowes, Inc. | Cutting shaft oil manifold |
JP6072408B2 (ja) | 2011-09-22 | 2017-02-01 | Ntn株式会社 | 滑り軸受および画像形成装置 |
JP6544953B2 (ja) | 2014-05-29 | 2019-07-17 | 株式会社リコー | 画像形成装置及びグリース組成物 |
JP6544952B2 (ja) | 2014-05-29 | 2019-07-17 | 株式会社リコー | 駆動装置及び画像形成装置 |
JP6527720B2 (ja) | 2014-05-29 | 2019-06-05 | 株式会社リコー | 駆動装置、画像形成装置及びグリース組成物 |
DE102015111788A1 (de) * | 2015-07-21 | 2017-01-26 | Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt e.V. | Gleitlagervorrichtung |
FR3120914A1 (fr) * | 2021-03-16 | 2022-09-23 | Safran Aircraft Engines | Module de soufflante equipe d’un dispositif de transfert d’huile |
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JP2019116949A (ja) * | 2017-12-27 | 2019-07-18 | 株式会社アドヴィックス | 動力変換装置及び車両の電動制動装置 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP2312174A1 (en) | 2011-04-20 |
US8376619B2 (en) | 2013-02-19 |
EP2312174B1 (en) | 2012-05-23 |
KR20070085097A (ko) | 2007-08-27 |
US20070242910A1 (en) | 2007-10-18 |
KR101021995B1 (ko) | 2011-03-16 |
EP1806512B1 (en) | 2011-09-21 |
EP1806512A1 (en) | 2007-07-11 |
US20110152139A1 (en) | 2011-06-23 |
US20120106881A1 (en) | 2012-05-03 |
EP1806512A4 (en) | 2010-12-22 |
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