WO2006032181A1 - Procédé de dégommage de jute - Google Patents

Procédé de dégommage de jute Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2006032181A1
WO2006032181A1 PCT/CN2005/000649 CN2005000649W WO2006032181A1 WO 2006032181 A1 WO2006032181 A1 WO 2006032181A1 CN 2005000649 W CN2005000649 W CN 2005000649W WO 2006032181 A1 WO2006032181 A1 WO 2006032181A1
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Prior art keywords
jute
hemp
weight
original
raw
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PCT/CN2005/000649
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Guozhong Liu
Ximing Zhang
Zhenhua Zhang
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Jiangsu Redbud Dyeing Technology Co., Ltd
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Application filed by Jiangsu Redbud Dyeing Technology Co., Ltd filed Critical Jiangsu Redbud Dyeing Technology Co., Ltd
Priority to JP2007532746A priority Critical patent/JP4774404B2/ja
Priority to US11/632,595 priority patent/US7481844B2/en
Priority to EP05745095.9A priority patent/EP1795630B1/en
Publication of WO2006032181A1 publication Critical patent/WO2006032181A1/zh

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    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01CCHEMICAL OR BIOLOGICAL TREATMENT OF NATURAL FILAMENTARY OR FIBROUS MATERIAL TO OBTAIN FILAMENTS OR FIBRES FOR SPINNING; CARBONISING RAGS TO RECOVER ANIMAL FIBRES
    • D01C1/00Treatment of vegetable material
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06LDRY-CLEANING, WASHING OR BLEACHING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR MADE-UP FIBROUS GOODS; BLEACHING LEATHER OR FURS
    • D06L4/00Bleaching fibres, filaments, threads, yarns, fabrics, feathers or made-up fibrous goods; Bleaching leather or furs
    • D06L4/30Bleaching fibres, filaments, threads, yarns, fabrics, feathers or made-up fibrous goods; Bleaching leather or furs using reducing agents

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the field of textile technology application, and more particularly to a degumming process of jute.
  • the jute fiber obtained by this process can be applied to the production of apparel fabrics. Background technique
  • hemp textile and apparel fabrics are favored by people is mainly because hemp fiber has good moisture absorption, gas permeability, low static electricity and good anti-infective ability.
  • the aforementioned hemp textile and apparel fabrics mainly refer to linen, ramie raw materials or garment fabrics which are blended/interwoven with other fibers such as wool, chemical fiber, silk, polyester, spandex, etc., which are made of these materials.
  • the degumming process is: unpacking, hemp, pickling, simmering, simmering, simmering, smashing, smashing, smashing, smashing, smashing, smashing, smashing, smashing, smashing, smashing, smashing, smashing, smashing, smashing, smashing, smashing, smashing, smashing, smashing, smashing, smashing
  • One drying Applicants have tried to degumming jute with this process. As a result, the pigment removal rate of jute is only 50%, and the appearance of the fiber is brownish yellow. The jute fiber with this sense color is blended with cotton or with glue. Or the fabric obtained by blending with other fibers can not only obtain the ideal whiteness of the fabric through the bleaching process, but also hinders the dyeing of the light color, and the color is gray.
  • the removal rate of the pigment must be as high as 80% for the fabric material.
  • lignin impurities in jute are the main cause of skin itching, and the removal rate is generally required to reach 70%. Otherwise, even if the degumming effect is remarkable, it is not suitable for the production of apparel fabrics.
  • jute has its inherent fiber bundles that are rough, hard, difficult to remove pigments, and poorly spinnable and pungent. These are the taboos of apparel fabrics, which have caused jute to be used for processing sacks for a long time. In addition to materials, a small amount is also used to make carpets, rough wallpapers and other crafts such as satchels, mats, etc. In recent years, the large-scale application of packaging materials such as chemical fiber and plastic products has caused the market of jute to shrink, resulting in a large backlog of soil selectivity, short growth period, high yield of jute, and low price. On the contrary, due to the high soil selectivity and low yield of flax, the price of flax continues to rise. Make linen textiles untouchable to ordinary consumers.
  • Chinese Patent Licensing Publication No. CN1047415C discloses a process and equipment for jute or kenaf chemically modified spun cotton blended yarn, and the chemical modification process steps are as follows:
  • the modified jute or kenaf fiber is blended with cotton fiber.
  • the shortcomings of this patented technical solution are as follows: 1.
  • the pectin content is not less than 0.5% and the lignin content is less than 2% as described in the effect section of the specification, because the color of the product obtained from it is shallow. Brown can be judged;
  • the Chinese Patent Licensing Bulletin No. CN1139684C introduces a method for producing an improved style of hemp fabric, the method uses ammonia or nitrogen treatment, soft treatment, depilation treatment, anti-shrinkage treatment, but the method is mainly for hemp fabrics. In terms of products, jute is excluded, and no specific degumming or decontamination of any kind of raw hemp is involved.
  • the softness (flexibility) and spinnability of fibers are inversely proportional to the amount of lignin contained in the fibers.
  • the pectin lignin content is less than 0.5% and 2%, respectively, and is spinnable.
  • the maximum activity of the mixed enzyme recommended by it is not fully exerted, mainly because the pH value is not reasonably changed according to the requirements of different enzymes, resulting in The removal rate of pectin and lignin is low; the second is that the mixed enzyme is used at a bath ratio of 1:30, so the bath ratio greatly reduces the labor productivity of the flax degumming process, resulting in the treatment of water and other resources.
  • the comparative literature fails to reveal the enlightenment of the reasonable determination of the pH value of the mixed enzyme;
  • the experimental object of the literature is flax, because the lignin content in flax is twice as low as that of jute (please see Gu Mingjin, etc.)
  • An object of the present invention is to provide a degumming process which can effectively remove impurities such as pigments and lignin in jute fibers, and which is simple in handling and low in handling cost.
  • the object of the present invention is achieved by a jute degumming process which comprises the following steps -
  • the raw hemp taken out is sent to the hemp, and then washed, oiled, dehydrated and dried in order to obtain the jute fiber after decolorization and impurity removal.
  • the complex enzyme treatment comprises a two-step treatment: firstly treating the original hemp at pH 5-5.5, 55 ° C - 60 ° C. (Under this condition, the activity of laccase to remove lignin impurities can be fully exerted), and then treated at pH 7.5-8, 60 ° C-7 (TC) (the pectinase can be removed under this condition) The activity of the glue and the impurities (ie, discoloration) which adhere to the pectin are fully exerted).
  • the aqueous solution of the complex enzyme is an aqueous solution prepared by mixing a compound of pectinase and laccase having a weight of 1% to 2% by weight of the original hemp and 15 times the weight of the original hemp. .
  • the weight ratio of pectinase to laccase in the complex enzyme described in the step (2) is 3:1.
  • the aging stacking time described in step (2) is 10-14 hours.
  • the hot water used for the hot water cleaning of the raw hemp described in the step (2) is from 85 ° C to 95 ° C.
  • the reducing bleach and bleach remover described in step (3) are from 1% to 2% by weight of the original hemp.
  • the reductive bleaching of step (3) is carried out at 85 °C to 90 °C.
  • the oiling in the step (4) means that the amino silicone oil and the polyethylene emulsion are prepared in a ratio of 1:1 and then 1% by weight of the original hemp and 10 times the weight of the original hemp. Soak the original hemp fiber, soak for 30 minutes and the temperature is 45'C.
  • the decolorization rate of the jute fiber and the removal rate of the lignin impurity are 89% and 76%, respectively, and the appearance color of the obtained jute fiber is white, and the obtained jute fiber is combined with other fibers such as cotton and chemical fiber. Blending or interlacing can fully meet the requirements of apparel fabrics, and the process steps are simple, water and other resources are saved, the cost is low, and the processing efficiency is high. detailed description
  • the compound enzyme prepared by pectinase and laccase in a ratio of 3:1 (weight ratio) is taken as 1% by weight of the original hemp and mixed with 15 times the weight of the original hemp, and then put into the treatment tank.
  • the medium adjust the pH to 5-5.5 with acetic acid and baking soda, raise the temperature to 55 ⁇ , and put the raw sesame into the treatment tank for 50 minutes. Under the temperature and pH conditions, the laccase activity can be fully utilized.
  • pectinase Good to remove impurities such as lignin, then adjust the pH to 7.5-8 with acetic acid, then raise the temperature to 60 ° C, continue to treat for 50 minutes, at this temperature and pH conditions, the activity of pectinase can be obtained Give full play to facilitate the good removal of pectin and impurities that adhere to pectin. After taking out, stack it for 14 hours to continue to use the enzyme and then wash it with 85 ⁇ -90 ⁇ hot water.
  • the pectinase and laccase are respectively used, such as Pectinase (Bioprep) and Lactolide (Denilite) manufactured by Novozymes, Denmark.
  • step (3) The raw hemp obtained from step (3) is put into the knocking machine, and then washed, and then the amino silicone oil of the brand POWER-18 sold by the German agent of Shanghai Kaikai Co., Ltd. and the commercially available polyethylene emulsion are used. After mixing by 1:1 Mix 1% of the original hemp weight with 5-10 times the original hemp weight of the water phase, soak the original hemp at 45 ° C for 30 minutes, and finally dehydrate and dry to obtain the jute fiber product.
  • Example 2 Example 2:
  • the complex enzyme prepared by pectinase and laccase in a ratio of 3:1 (weight ratio) is 1.5% of the weight of the original hemp and mixed with 15 times the weight of the original hemp, and then put into the treatment tank. In the middle, the pH is adjusted to 5-5.5 with acetic acid and baking soda, and the temperature is raised to 57.5 ⁇ . The original hemp is put into the treatment tank for 35 minutes, and the laccase activity can be fully exerted under the conditions of temperature and pH.
  • pectinase activity It is fully utilized to facilitate the good removal of pectin and impurities adhering to the pectin. After taking out, it is stacked for 10 hours to continue to utilize the action of the enzyme, and then washed with 85 ⁇ -95 Torr of hot water.
  • the pectinase and the laccase are respectively used, such as Bioprep and Denilite, by Novozymes of Denmark;
  • step (3) The raw hemp obtained in step (3) is put into a knocking machine, then cleaned, and then sold under the brand name of POWER-18 amino silicone oil and commercially available polyethylene emulsion. After mixing with 1:1, take 1% of the original hemp weight and mix 5-10 times the original hemp weight. Mix the original hemp at 45 °C for 30 minutes, then dehydrate and dry to obtain the jute fiber product.
  • Example 3 The raw hemp obtained in step (3) is put into a knocking machine, then cleaned, and then sold under the brand name of POWER-18 amino silicone oil and commercially available polyethylene emulsion. After mixing with 1:1, take 1% of the original hemp weight and mix 5-10 times the original hemp weight. Mix the original hemp at 45 °C for 30 minutes, then dehydrate and dry to obtain the jute fiber product.
  • Example 3 Example 3:
  • the original hemp package purchased by Jiangsu Textile Company is divided into small pieces of about 0.5 kg; (2). Prepared by pectinase and laccase in a ratio of 3:1 (weight ratio) The complex enzyme is taken as 2% of the original hemp weight and
  • pectinase and laccase are used, respectively, such as Pectinase (Bioprep) and Laccase (Denilite) by Danish Novozymes.
  • step (3) The raw hemp obtained in step (3) is put into a knocking machine, and then washed, and then sold under the brand name of POWER-18 amino silicone oil and commercially available polyethylene emulsion by the German company Weikai Shanghai agent. After mixing with 1:1, take 1% of the original hemp weight and mix 5-10 times the original hemp weight. Mix the original hemp under 45 30 for 30 minutes, then dehydrate and dry to obtain the jute fiber product.
  • the jute fiber obtained by the above-mentioned examples of the present invention has been tested, and the removal rate of the pigment, the removal rate of impurities such as lignin, and the perception are all excellent results superior to those of the prior art shown in the following table. Meet the requirements of clothing fabrics.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Zoology (AREA)
  • Chemical Or Physical Treatment Of Fibers (AREA)
  • Treatments For Attaching Organic Compounds To Fibrous Goods (AREA)

Description

黄麻的脱胶工艺
技术领域
本发明涉及纺织技术应用领域, 更具体地, 本发明涉及一种黄麻的脱胶工艺。通 过该工艺处理后所获得的黄麻纤维可适用于生产服装面料。 背景技术
麻类纺织品服装面料之所以受到人们青睐, 主要是由于麻纤维具有较好的吸湿 性、透气性、低静电性和良好的抗茵能力。然而, 前述的麻类纺织品服装面料主要是 指亚麻、 苎麻原料或用这种原料经与其它纤维如羊毛、化纤、 蚕丝、涤纶、 氨纶等等 进行混纺 /交织而制成的服装面料,这些麻类织物面料的制作,无论是从原料的脱胶 即脱色还是染整加工的前处理,均存在着工序长,用工多,水及能源消耗量大的缺点。 以苎麻为例,其脱胶工艺为:拆包分麻一浸酸一上笼一煮练一堆放一拍打一漂白一脱 7_K—抖松一装笼一上油一堆置一脱油一抖松一烘干。申请人曾尝试过用该工艺对黄麻 进行脱胶, 结果是, 黄麻的色素去除率仅在 50 % , 纤维外观色泽呈棕黄色, 用具有 这种感观色泽的黄麻纤维与棉混纺或与粘胶或与其它纤维混纺交织所获得的面料不 仅无法通过漂白工序来获得理想的白度的坯布,而且对浅颜色的染色带来障碍,表现 为色泽灰暗。或许从某些技术角度认为可以通过染深色来掩盖,但是由于色素的去除 率差,深色染色后的产品色光稳定性较差。所以要想使黄麻真正得以成功地应用于生 产服装面料,必须将其色素的去除率达到作为服装面料原料所要求的程度——不低于 80%。而且, 黄麻中的木质素类杂质是引起皮肤刺痒感的主要原因, 其去除率一般也 要求达到 70%, 否则, 即使脱胶效果显著, 照样不能将其适用于生产服装面料。
正是由于黄麻存在着自身固有的纤维束粗糙、坚硬、色素难以去除、可紡性差有 刺痒感这些作为服装面料的大忌弱性,从而导致黄麻长期以来一直被用于加工麻袋之 类的包装材料, 除外, 少量的亦有用于制作地毯、 粗糙的墙纸和其它工艺品如拎包、 垫子等。近年来, 特别是化纤和塑料制品等包装材料的大量应用, 使黄麻的市场日益 萎缩, 导致对土壤选择性要求并不苛刻、 生长期短、产量高的黄麻大量积压、价格低 靡。而与此相反, 由于亚麻的土壤选择性要求较高、产量低,导致亚麻价格不断攀升, 使亚麻紡织品无缘于普通的消费者。
鉴此,中国专利授权公告号 CN1047415C公开了一种黄麻或洋麻化学改性纺黄麻 棉混纺纱的工艺与设备, 其化学改性的工艺步骤为:
a. 选麻后在 NaOH溶液中浸渍 20-40分钟, 然后在硬旨酸钠溶液中煮沸 20-40 分钟, 酸洗至中性, 用双氧水漂白,上油烘干, 在 C11型梳麻机上成卷, 然后在纤维 切断机上切断, 在弹花机上弹花, 再上油保湿, 最后打包;
b. 将上述改性后的黄麻或洋麻纤维与棉纤维混纺。 该专利技术方案存在之欠缺 表现为: 一、 果胶质含量并不如其说明书效果部分所讲的低于 0.5%和木质素含量低 于 2%, 因为, 这从其所得的产品的颜色呈浅棕色可以判断出; 二、 色素去除率也仅 仅在 60%左右。 实践证明, 用 NaOH學渍及皂煮对于顽固地存在于黄麻中的色素的 去除效果是欠缺的, 对木质素的去除也是十分勉强的。
又,中国专利授权公告号 CN1139684C虽然介绍了改善风格的麻类织物的生产方 法, 该方法使用了氨或氮处理、 柔软处理、 去毛处理、 防缩处理, 但该方法主要是针 对麻类织物产品而言的,且将黄麻排除在外,更未涉及对任何一种原麻的具体的脱胶、 除杂启示。
另外, <染整技术>卷 24 No.2, 2002 Apr.介绍了酶的种类、 生物酶的用量、 处理 时间对精练效果的影响, 该文献提供的实验数据将亚麻粗纱木质素含量自 7.2%降至 5.4% , 果胶含量自 3.5 %降至 1.4%, 去除率分别为 25 %和 60% , 这已是该文献的最 佳处理效果, 但木质素及果胶含量仍相当高, 无法满足亚麻纱的生产要求, 无法生产 出亚麻优质产品。众所周知,纤维的柔软 (曲)性、可纺性与纤维所含木质素量成反比, 正如 CN1047415中认为的果胶木质素含量分别低于 0.5 %和 2%才具有可纺性。
纵观该文献主要存在以下几个方面的不足:一是其所荐用的混合酶的最大活性未 能得到充分的发挥, 主要是由于 pH值未根据不同的酶的要求而进行合理变化, 致使 果胶及木质素的去除率皆低; 二是混合酶使用是在浴比 1 : 30的条件下进行的, 如此 浴比大大降低了亚麻脱胶工艺的劳动生产率,造成了处理中水和其它资源如电、助剂 等的大量浪费, 故不具有经济性而使工业化生产无法承受; 三是对比文献认为 "在最 佳温度和 pH值相近条件下, 混合酶之间有一定的增效作用 (文献第 4页 3.3栏第 8-9 行)", 然而经申请人实验证明, 如果采用相近的 pH值, 那么 pH值取混合酶分别所 要求的中间值, 则混合酶的增效作用甚微,这恰好印证了文献所说的混合酶之间可能 相互干扰,使酶失效, 对比文献所给出的实验数据也足以说明其使用的混合酶的功效 尚无充分发挥出来。所以对比文献未能启示人们对混合酶的 pH值的合理取定的启示; 四是文献的实验对象为亚麻, 由于亚麻中的木质素含量比黄麻低一倍之多 (请见顾名 金等编著的于 1993年出版的"麻纤维开发利用"一书及顾伯明编著的 1987出版的 "亚 麻紡纱"一书)。 因此, 若依据文献所荐方法对黄麻纤维脱胶、 去除木质素的效果将 更为逊色。
所以,迄今为止在国内、外的纺织品市场上尚未见诸有黄麻及黄麻棉等混纺的服 装面料。 发明内容 '
本发明的目的在于提供一种能有效去除黄麻纤维中的色素和木质素之类的杂质 的、而且处理简单及处理成本低的黄麻的脱胶工艺。
本发明的目的是这样来达到的, 一种黄麻的脱胶工艺, 它包括以下步骤-
(1) . 原麻拆包分把;
(2) . 复合酶处理, 向处理容器中投入果胶酶和漆酶的复合酶水溶液处理原麻,取 出后时效堆置, 最后对原麻热水清洗;
(3) . 还原漂白, 向容器中投入还原漂白剂水溶液处理, 再加入脱色剂处理, 取出 原麻;
(4) . 将取出后的原麻送至敲麻, 然后依序经清洗、上油、脱水、烘干, 得到去色 除杂后的黄麻纤维。
在本发明的一个实施方案中,为了使果胶酶和漆酶分别的功效能够充分发挥,复 合酶处理包含两步处理:首先在 pH 5-5.5、 55°C-60°C下处理原麻(在该条件下能使漆 酶去除木质素类杂质的活性得到充分发挥),之后再在 pH 7.5-8、 60°C-7(TC下处理(在 该条件下能使果胶酶去除果胶及与果胶相粘连的杂质(即脱色) 的活性得到充分发 挥)。
在本发明的另一个实施方案中, 复合酶水溶液是由重量为原麻重量的 1 %-2%的 果胶酶和漆酶的复合酶与 15倍于原麻重量的水所混合成的水溶液。
在本发明的另一个实施方案中, 步骤 (2) 中所述的复合酶中果胶酶和漆酶的重 量比为 3:1。
在本发明的另一个实施方案中, 步骤(2)中所述的时效堆置的堆置时间为 10-14 小时。 在本发明的另一个实施方案中, 步骤(2) 中所述的对原麻热水清洗所用的热水 温度为 85°C-95°C。
在本发明的另一个实施方案中, 步骤(3) 中所述的还原漂白剂和脱色剂重量分 别为原麻重量的 1 %-2%。 ■
在本发明的另一个实施方案中, 步骤(3) 的还原漂白在 85°C-90°C下进行。 在本发明的另一个实施方案中, 步骤 (4) 中的上油是指采用氨基硅油与聚乙烯 乳液以 1 : 1配制后取原麻重量的 1 %与 10倍于原麻重量的水混匀对原麻纤维浸泡, 浸泡时间为 30分钟, 温度为 45'C。
本发明工艺对黄麻纤维的脱色率以及木质素类杂质的去除率分别达 89%和 76% 以上,所得到的黄麻纤维的外观色泽表现为白色,所得的黄麻纤维经与其它纤维如棉、 化纤混紡或交织完全能满足服装面料的要求,而且工艺步骤简单、节省水及其它资源、 成本低、 加工效率高。 具体实施方式
实施例 1:
(1) . 将由江苏纺织公司购得的原麻拆包, 分成约为 0.5公斤左右的一个个小把;
(2) . 对由果胶酶、漆酶按 3: 1(重量比)所配制成的复合酶取原麻重量的 1 %并与 15倍于原麻重量的水混匀后投入到处理槽中, 用醋酸和小苏打调节 pH值至 5-5.5, 升温至 55Ό, 将原麻投入处理槽中处理 50分钟, 在该温度和 pH值条件下, 能使漆 酶的活性得到充分发挥,以利良好地去除木质素之类杂质,再用醋酸调 pH值至 7.5-8, 再升温至 60°C, 继续处理 50分钟, 在该温度和 pH值条件下, 能使果胶酶的活性得 到充分发挥, 以利良好地去除果胶及与果胶相粘连的杂质, 取出后堆置 14小时, 以 继续利用酶的作用, 然后用 85Ό-90Ό的热水清洗。 其中: 所述的果胶酶和漆酶分别 釆用诸如由丹麦诺维信公司生产的果胶酶 (Bioprep)和漆酶 (Denilite)。
(3) . 将原麻重量的 2%的还原漂白剂与 15倍于原麻重量的水混合后投入处理槽 中, 升温至 85°C, 持续 70分钟, 再加入原麻重量的 1 %的脱色剂, 保温 70分钟后将 原麻取出。其中,所述的还原漂白剂和脱色剂分别采用由中国江苏苏州金纺贸易有限 公司经销的 A-Q型还原漂白剂和 B-W型脱色剂;
(4) . 将由步骤 (3)所得的原麻投入敲麻机敲麻, 再予清洗, 然后用德国烕凯公司 上海代理商销售的牌号为 POWER-18的氨基硅油与市售的聚乙烯乳液按 1: 1混合后 取原麻重量的 1 %与 5-10倍于原麻重量的水相混匀, 对原麻在 45°C下浸泡 30分钟, 最后脱水、 烘干得到黄麻纤维产品。 实施例 2:
(1). 将由江苏纺织公司购得的原麻拆包, 分成约为 0.5公斤左右的一个个小把;
(2) . 对由果胶酶、 漆酶按 3: 1(重量比)所配制成的复合酶取原麻重量的 1.5%并 与 15倍于原麻重量的水混匀后投入到处理槽中,用醋酸和小苏打调节 pH值至 5-5.5, 升温至 57.5Ό , 将原麻投入处理槽中处理 35分钟, 在该温度和 pH值条件下, 能使 漆酶的活性得到充分发挥, 以利良好地去除木质素之类杂质, 再用醋酸调 pH值至 7.5-8, 再升温至 65°C, 继续处理 35分钟, 在该温度和 pH值条件下, 能使果胶酶的 活性得到充分发挥, 以利良好地去除果胶及与果胶相粘连的杂质, 取出后堆置 10小 时, 以继续利用酶的作用, 然后用 85Ό-95Ό的热水清洗。 其中: 所述的果胶酶和漆 酶分别采用诸如由丹麦诺维信公司的果胶酶 (Bioprep)和漆酶 (Denilite);
(3) .将原麻重量的 1.5 %的还原漂白剂与 15倍于原麻重量的水混合后投入处理槽 中, 升温至 88°C, 持续 60分钟, 再加入原麻重量的 1.5 %的脱色剂, 保温 50分钟后 将原麻取出。其中,所述的还原漂白剂和脱色剂分别釆用由中国江苏苏州金纺贸易有 限公司经销的 A-Q型还原漂白剂和 B-W型脱色剂;
(4) . 将由步骤 (3)所得的原麻投入敲麻机敲麻, 再予清洗, 然后用德国咸凯公司 上海代理商销售的牌号为 POWER-18的氨基硅油与市售的聚乙烯乳液按 1 : 1混合后 取原麻重量的 1 %与 5-10倍于原麻重量的水相混匀, 对原麻在 45°C下浸泡 30分钟, 最后脱水、 烘干得到黄麻纤维产品。 实施例 3:
(1). 将由江苏纺织公司购得的原麻拆包, 分成约为 0.5公斤左右的一个个小把; (2). 对由果胶酶、 漆酶按 3: 1(重量比)所配制成的复合酶取原麻重量的 2%并与
15倍于原麻重量的水混匀后投入到处理槽中, 用醋酸和小苏打调节 pH值至 5-5.5, 升温至 60°C, 将原麻投入处理槽中处理 25分钟, 在该温度和 pH值条件下, 能使漆 酶的活性得到充分发挥,以利良好地去除木质素之类杂质,再用醋酸调 pH值至 7.5-8, 再升温至 70°C, 继续处理 25分钟, 在该温度和 pH值条件下, 能使果胶酶的活性得 到充分发挥, 以利良好地去除果胶及与果胶相粘连的杂质, 取出后堆置 12小时, 以 继续利用酶的作用, 然后用 85°C-95°C的热水清洗。 其中: 所述时果胶酶和漆酶分别 釆用诸如由丹麦诺维信公司的果胶酶 (Bioprep)和漆酶 (Denilite)。
(3) . 将原麻重量的 1 %的还原漂白剂与 15倍于原麻重量的水混合后投入处理槽 中, 升温至 90°C, 持续 50分钟, 再加入原麻重量的 2%的脱色剂, 保温 30分钟后将 原麻取出。其中,所述的还原漂白剂和脱色剂分别采用由中国江苏苏州金纺贸易有限 公司经销的 A-Q型还原漂白剂和 B-W型脱色剂;
(4) . 将由步骤 (3)所得的原麻投入敲麻机敲麻, 再予清洗, 然后用德国威凯公司 上海代理商销售的牌号为 POWER-18的氨基硅油与市售的聚乙烯乳液按 1: 1混合后 取原麻重量的 1 %与 5-10倍于原麻重量的水相混匀, 对原麻在 45Ό下浸泡 30分钟, 最后脱水、 烘干得到黄麻纤维产品。
由本发明的上述实施例所得到的黄麻纤维经检测,对色素的去除率、木质素之类 杂质的去除率、感观均表现出了下表所示的优于已有技术的理想效果,足以满足应用 于服装面料的要求。
Figure imgf000008_0001

Claims

权 利 要 求
1. 一种黄麻的脱胶工艺, 其特征在于它包括以下步骤:
(1) . 原麻拆包分把;
(2) . 复合酶处理, 向处理容器中投入果胶酶和漆酶的复合酶水溶液处理原麻,取 出后时效堆置, 最后对原麻热水清洗;
(3) . 还原漂白, 向容器中投入还原漂白剂水溶液处理, 再加入脱色剂处理, 取出 原麻;
(4) . 将取出后的原麻送至敲麻, 然后依序经清洗、上油、脱水、烘干, 得到去色 除杂后的黄麻纤维。
2. 根据权利要求 1所述的黄麻的脱胶工艺, 其特征在于步骤(2)中所述的复合 酶处理包含两步处理: 首先在 pH 5-5.5、 55°C-60°C下处理原麻, 之后再在 pH 7.5-8、 60°C-70°C下处理。
3. 根据权利要求 1或 2所述的黄麻的脱胶工艺, 其特征在于步骤(2)中所述复 合酶水溶液是由重量为原麻重量的 1 %-2%的果胶酶和漆酶的复合酶与 15倍于原麻 重量的水所混合成的水溶液。
4.根据权利要求 3所述的黄麻的脱胶工艺, 其特征在于步骤 (2) 中所述的复合 酶中果胶酶和漆酶的重量比为 3:1。
5.根据权利要求 1或 2所述的黄麻的脱胶工艺, 其特征在于步骤(2) 中所述的 时效堆置的堆置时间为 10-14小时。
6.根据权利要求 1或 2所述的黄麻的脱胶工艺, 其特征在于步骤(2) 中所述的 对原麻热水清洗所用的热水温度为 85°C-95°C。
7.根据权利要求 1或 2所述的黄麻的脱胶工艺, 其特征在于步骤(3 ) 中所述的 还原漂白剂和脱色剂重量分别为原麻重量的 1 %-2%。
8.根据权利要求 1或 2所述的黄麻的脱胶工艺, 其特征在于步骤(3 ) 的还原漂 白在 85°C-90°C下进行。
9.根据权利要求 1或 2所述的黄麻的脱胶工艺, 其特征在于步骤(4) 中的上油 是指采用氨基硅油与聚乙烯乳液以 1 : 1配制后取原麻重量的 1 %与 10倍于原麻重量 的水混勾对原麻纤维浸泡, 浸泡时间为 30分钟, 温度为 45°C。
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