WO2005064691A1 - Verfahren zur behandlung von pulverkörnern - Google Patents
Verfahren zur behandlung von pulverkörnern Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2005064691A1 WO2005064691A1 PCT/EP2004/014232 EP2004014232W WO2005064691A1 WO 2005064691 A1 WO2005064691 A1 WO 2005064691A1 EP 2004014232 W EP2004014232 W EP 2004014232W WO 2005064691 A1 WO2005064691 A1 WO 2005064691A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- grains
- powder
- sulfur
- temperature
- powder grains
- Prior art date
Links
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 106
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 48
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 title abstract description 15
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 35
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 claims description 34
- 229910052738 indium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 30
- 229910052733 gallium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 28
- 239000003708 ampul Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910017612 Cu(In,Ga)Se2 Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000005864 Sulphur Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000011669 selenium Substances 0.000 description 33
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 16
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 description 11
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 9
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000005987 sulfurization reaction Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 4
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910052711 selenium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- BUGBHKTXTAQXES-UHFFFAOYSA-N Selenium Chemical compound [Se] BUGBHKTXTAQXES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920005597 polymer membrane Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000635 electron micrograph Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011835 investigation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000879 optical micrograph Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004482 other powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001953 recrystallisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005204 segregation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010583 slow cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007790 solid phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006163 transport media Substances 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B19/00—Selenium; Tellurium; Compounds thereof
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
- H01L31/0248—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof characterised by their semiconductor bodies
- H01L31/0256—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof characterised by their semiconductor bodies characterised by the material
- H01L31/0264—Inorganic materials
- H01L31/032—Inorganic materials including, apart from doping materials or other impurities, only compounds not provided for in groups H01L31/0272 - H01L31/0312
- H01L31/0322—Inorganic materials including, apart from doping materials or other impurities, only compounds not provided for in groups H01L31/0272 - H01L31/0312 comprising only AIBIIICVI chalcopyrite compounds, e.g. Cu In Se2, Cu Ga Se2, Cu In Ga Se2
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
- H01L31/04—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
- H01L31/18—Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment of these devices or of parts thereof
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
- Y02E10/541—CuInSe2 material PV cells
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product
Definitions
- a further object of the invention is to provide a monocorn membrane solar cell which has the highest possible efficiency.
- Heating is kept at a constant temperature.
- the powder grains are filled in a two-zone ampoule, wherein the powder grains are introduced into one of the zones and the sulfur into the other zone.
- the powder grains are then preferably heated to a temperature between 400 ° C and 600 ° C.
- the sulfur is preferably heated to a temperature of about 100 ° C.
- Powder grains and sulfur are held at the respective temperature for a period between one hour and 50 hours.
- the solar cell includes a back contact, a monocrome membrane, at least one semiconductor layer and a front contact and is characterized in that the Monokornmembran containing the invention treated powder grains.
- this solar cell Due to the advantageous properties of the grains treated according to the invention, this solar cell has a high degree of efficiency.
- the powder grains consisting of a Cu (In, Ga) Se 2 compound and the sulfur are filled in a so-called two-zone ampoule, wherein the powder grains in one zone and the sulfur in the other zone of the two Zone ampoule can be entered.
- a two-zone ampoule consists of a tube closed on both sides or closable, which has a taper in the middle.
- the shape of the ampoule resembles that of an egg timer.
- the two-zone ampoule is used horizontally in the process and should be made of a material that does not react with the filled substances. It therefore consists approximately of quartz glass.
- the two-zone ampoule is evacuated and the sulfur in the one zone is heated to a temperature of about 100 ° C. As a result, gaseous S 2 is formed which spreads throughout the ampule.
- the powder grains in the other zone of the two-zone ampoule are heated to a temperature between 400 ° C and 600 ° C.
- the sulfur vapor pressure in the zone of the ampoule containing the powder grains can be varied by changing the temperature prevailing in this zone. It should be between 0.13 Pa and 133 Pa.
- a mixture consisting of the powder grains and the sulfur is filled into an ampoule which, for example, again consists of quartz glass.
- a typical mixture consists of 50 vol% powder and 50 vol% sulfur.
- the vial is evacuated and the mixture is heated to a temperature between 300 ° C and 600 ° C and preferably to a temperature between 380 ° C and 410 ° C.
- the sulfur is liquid and uniformly surrounds the powder grains which are in the solid phase at this temperature. The powder grains are so to speak "cooked" in the liquid sulfur.
- the period of time in which the mixture is maintained at the temperature reached after heating is between 5 minutes and 4 hours.
- 3a shows a picture of a third powder particle with an analysis path drawn in
- 5a shows a picture of a fifth powder particle
- Fig. 12 ... a graph showing the value of some characteristics of a solar cell as a function of treatment time.
- Fig. 1a shows the optical micrograph of such a powder grain, which for 15 minutes at 410 ° C ("410 ° C, 15 '") and then for 30 minutes at 380 ° C ("380 ° C, 30'") in liquid S 2 was "cooked.”
- the figure also shows an analysis path ("analysis track").
- Axis indicates the percentage of weight (wt.%) At which an element is present at the appropriate location of the powder grain.
- the chemical composition of the powder grain corresponds approximately to the composition of stoichiometric CuInSe 2 up to a distance of approximately 55 ⁇ m from the edge of the powder grain.
- FIGS. 2a to 4b show similar results for other powder grains.
- the figures can be taken in each case at what temperature and during which period the powder grains were treated. It is also listed if the powder grains in liquid sulfur
- FIG. 5b shows the result of a Se content analyzed by the process of the backscatter electron uptake of the powder grain also shown in the electron micrograph in FIG. 5a.
- the bright areas in FIG. 5b with a high density of white dots correspond to the areas with a high Se content, the dark areas correspond to sites with a low Se content.
- FIG. 5c shows the result of a jitter-scattering electron pickup sensitive to the S content of the powder grain shown in the photograph in FIG. 5a.
- the bright regions in FIG. 5c correspond to regions with a high S content, the dark regions correspond to sites with a low S content.
- FIGS. 6 to 10 show further light-microscopic photographs of polished powder grains.
- FIGS. 11 and 12 show the characteristics of solar cells in which the grains treated according to the invention were used as a function of various parameters of the treatment.
- the solar cells preferably consist of a back contact, a monograin membrane, at least one semiconductor layer and a front contact.
- the grains are first embedded in a preferably formed as a polymer membrane monocrystalline membrane, which was applied to the back contact of the solar cell.
- the back contact consists of an applied on a glass substrate electrically conductive adhesive.
- At least one further semiconductor layer is applied to the monocrystal membrane consisting of the grains embedded in the polymer membrane. It is preferably a CdS buffer layer and a layer consisting of intrinsic ZnO.
- FIG. 11 shows the open-circuit voltage V 0 c # the fill factor FF and the short-circuit current I of a solar cell containing the grains treated according to the invention as a function of the treatment temperature.
- the index P s indicates that the grains were subjected to sulfurization according to the invention.
- the results shown in FIG. 11 relate to sulfurization carried out in a two-zone ampoule at a specific, fixed temperature of sulfur.
- the power radiated into the solar cell was also set to a specific, fixed value during the measurement series. Filled rectangles, circles and unfilled rectangles indicate, as in FIG. 12, actual measuring points.
- FIG. 12 shows the dependence of the parameters on the other parameters of the treatment. The results also refer to the treatment in the two-zone ampoule and were taken up for powder grains, which are used for the
- Treatment was heated to a temperature of 530 ° C.
- the grains were subjected to the treatment according to the invention with sulfur (P s ), and an analogous treatment in which sulfur was replaced by selenium (P Se )
- the right side of the diagram in FIG. 12 shows the dependence of the parameters for sulfurization (annealing in S) on the duration of the treatment and the sulfur vapor pressure set in the zone containing the powder grains of the two-zone ampoule.
- the temperature in the zone containing the grains was 530 ° C and the sulfur vapor pressure was varied solely by a change in the prevailing in the sulfur-containing zone temperature.
- the measurement points relate to measurements on solar cells in the powder grains was used that of a treatment 1 hour (lh), 5 minutes (5 '), 2 hours (2h) and 18 hours (18 hours) with a sulfur vapor pressure of 13.33 Pa (0.1 ton), 666.5 Pa (5 ton) and 1.33 Pa (0.01 ton).
- Cu and In and / or Cu and Ga are alloyed in this preferred method, wherein the amounts of moles of Cu used on the one hand and In and Ga on the other hand are dimensioned so that Cu-poor Culn and CuGa alloys arise. It has been found to be particularly advantageous for the production of powder grains used in solar cells that the Cu / (In + Ga) ratio, ie the ratio of the molar amount of Cu used to the sum of the molar amount of In and the amount of mol used Ga, between 1 and 1: 1.2.
- the ratio of the molar amount of Ga used to the molar amount of In used is preferably between 0 and 0.43.
- a ratio of 0.43 corresponds approximately to a gas fraction of 30%, based on the molar amount of In and Ga. It
- the method preferably produces those Cu (In, Ga) Se 2 compounds which, in their molar ratio between Ga and In, lie between this molar ratio of the compounds CuInSe 2 and CuGa 0 , 3 In 0 , 7 Se 2 .
- the alloys are then ground into a powder, where it has been found that the grain sizes of the Cu (In, Ga) Se 2 powder to be produced depend on the particle sizes of the powder produced from the Cu and CuGa alloys. It is thus purposefully ground powder with a certain size of the grains contained.
- the powder consisting of the alloys Culn and CuGa is now filled into an ampoule, which consists of a material which does not react with any of the substances to be introduced. It thus consists, for example, of quartz glass.
- Se is added in an amount corresponding to the stoichiometric proportion of this element to the Cu (In, Ga) Se 2 compound to be produced.
- the flux is melted at this temperature, so that the space between the grains is filled with a liquid phase, which serves as a transport medium.
- the melt is kept constant at the previously set temperature for a certain holding time. Depending on the desired grain size, a holding time between 5 minutes and 100 hours may be required. Typically, it is about 30 hours.
- Grain growth is interrupted by cooling the melt. It is very advantageous to quench the melt very quickly, for example within a few seconds.
- the flux is removed by triggering with water.
- the monocrystalline powder grains can then be removed from the ampoule.
- the suitable time course of temperature during heating and cooling as well as the holding time and the temperature to be maintained during the holding time are determined in preliminary tests.
- powders having an average diameter of the individual grains of 0.1 ⁇ m to 0.1 mm can be produced.
- the parameters A, n and E depend on the starting materials used, the flux and the specific growth processes not described here. If KI is used as a flux, then E is about 0.25 eV. The value of n in this case is between 3 and 4.
- mean grain size and the exact shape of the grain size distribution depend on the holding time, the temperature of the melt and the grain size of the powder consisting of the Cu and CuGa alloys. In addition, mean grain size and grain size distribution are influenced by the choice of flux.
- the grains which can be produced by the process are p-type and have a very good electrical conductivity.
- the electrical resistances of the produced Cu (In, Ga) Se 2 powder grains were in a range of 100 ⁇ to 10 k ⁇ , depending on the Cu / Ga ratio, Cu / (In + Ga) ratio and melt temperature , This corresponds to a resistivity of 10 k ⁇ cm to 2 M ⁇ cm.
- the process allowed the production of monocrystalline powders whose grains had a very uniform composition.
- the powders are particularly suitable for the production of
- Monokornmembranen that are used in solar cells with the produced by the method and treated according to the method according to the invention powders solar cells could be produced with a very high efficiency.
- the preparation process described here appears to have the particular advantage that, owing to the addition of a substoichiometric amount of Cu with respect to the compound to be produced, mainly Cu-poor powder grains are formed. This avoids the problem of phase segregation in the grains into stoichiometric CuInSe 2 and a metallic CuSe binary phase. Namely, this foreign phase preferentially accumulates on the surface of the grains and can cause short circuits in the solar cell.
- the described production process obviously has the advantage that the CuSe phase produced during the production of the grains remains in the flux and does not accumulate on the grains.
- powder grains which have very good photovoltaic properties, which can be further improved by the sulfur treatment according to the invention.
- the powder grains are particularly suitable for use in a solar cell.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
- Condensed Matter Physics & Semiconductors (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Photovoltaic Devices (AREA)
- Glanulating (AREA)
- Cereal-Derived Products (AREA)
- Seeds, Soups, And Other Foods (AREA)
- Physical Or Chemical Processes And Apparatus (AREA)
- Nonmetallic Welding Materials (AREA)
- Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (5)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2006544314A JP2007515371A (ja) | 2003-12-22 | 2004-12-14 | 粉体の処理方法 |
US10/582,571 US20070113888A1 (en) | 2003-12-22 | 2004-12-14 | Method for treating powder particles |
EP04803855A EP1704599B1 (de) | 2003-12-22 | 2004-12-14 | Verfahren zur behandlung von pulverkörnern |
PL04803855T PL1704599T3 (pl) | 2003-12-22 | 2004-12-14 | Metoda obróbki ziaren proszku |
CA002547352A CA2547352A1 (en) | 2003-12-22 | 2004-12-14 | Method for treating powder particles |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP03029577.8 | 2003-12-22 | ||
EP03029577A EP1548845B1 (de) | 2003-12-22 | 2003-12-22 | Verfahren zur Behandlung von Pulverkörner |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2005064691A1 true WO2005064691A1 (de) | 2005-07-14 |
Family
ID=34530696
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/EP2004/014232 WO2005064691A1 (de) | 2003-12-22 | 2004-12-14 | Verfahren zur behandlung von pulverkörnern |
Country Status (14)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20070113888A1 (de) |
EP (2) | EP1548845B1 (de) |
JP (1) | JP2007515371A (de) |
KR (1) | KR100851043B1 (de) |
CN (1) | CN100461460C (de) |
AT (1) | ATE348408T1 (de) |
CA (1) | CA2547352A1 (de) |
DE (1) | DE50305977D1 (de) |
DK (1) | DK1548845T3 (de) |
ES (1) | ES2279057T3 (de) |
PL (1) | PL1704599T3 (de) |
PT (1) | PT1548845E (de) |
SI (1) | SI1548845T1 (de) |
WO (1) | WO2005064691A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102008040147A1 (de) * | 2008-07-03 | 2010-01-28 | Crystalsol Og | Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Monokornmembran für eine Solarzelle sowie Monokornmembran nebst Solarzelle |
Citations (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO1994027328A1 (en) * | 1993-05-07 | 1994-11-24 | Siemens Solar Industries International, Inc. | Process for at least partially converting semi-conductor films of the i-iii-vi2-type |
Family Cites Families (13)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2071287A5 (de) * | 1969-12-23 | 1971-09-17 | Rhone Poulenc Sa | |
US4335266A (en) * | 1980-12-31 | 1982-06-15 | The Boeing Company | Methods for forming thin-film heterojunction solar cells from I-III-VI.sub.2 |
US4581108A (en) * | 1984-01-06 | 1986-04-08 | Atlantic Richfield Company | Process of forming a compound semiconductive material |
JPS61263286A (ja) * | 1985-05-10 | 1986-11-21 | ハ−ン − マイトネル − インスチツ−ト・ベルリン・ゲゼルシャフト・ミット・ベシュレンクテル・ハフツング | CuInS2−半導体材料をベ−スとするホトアノ−ドを有する太陽電池及びその製法 |
KR960003800B1 (ko) * | 1988-02-19 | 1996-03-22 | 가와사끼 세이데쓰 가부시끼가이샤 | 고순도 금속 규소의 제조방법 |
JPH04326526A (ja) * | 1991-04-25 | 1992-11-16 | Dowa Mining Co Ltd | CuIn(Se1−xSx)2混晶薄膜の製造法 |
US5356839A (en) * | 1993-04-12 | 1994-10-18 | Midwest Research Institute | Enhanced quality thin film Cu(In,Ga)Se2 for semiconductor device applications by vapor-phase recrystallization |
JPH0789719A (ja) * | 1993-09-20 | 1995-04-04 | Hitachi Maxell Ltd | 銅インジウム硫化物またはセレン化物の製造法 |
US5730852A (en) * | 1995-09-25 | 1998-03-24 | Davis, Joseph & Negley | Preparation of cuxinygazsen (X=0-2, Y=0-2, Z=0-2, N=0-3) precursor films by electrodeposition for fabricating high efficiency solar cells |
JP3589380B2 (ja) * | 1997-06-05 | 2004-11-17 | 松下電器産業株式会社 | 半導体薄膜の製造方法および薄膜太陽電池の製造方法 |
DE69833000T2 (de) * | 1997-09-26 | 2006-09-07 | Noven Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Miami | Bio-klebemittelzusammensetzungen |
DE19828310C2 (de) * | 1998-06-25 | 2000-08-31 | Forschungszentrum Juelich Gmbh | Einkristallpulver- und Monokornmembranherstellung |
US7019208B2 (en) * | 2001-11-20 | 2006-03-28 | Energy Photovoltaics | Method of junction formation for CIGS photovoltaic devices |
-
2003
- 2003-12-22 SI SI200330667T patent/SI1548845T1/sl unknown
- 2003-12-22 DE DE50305977T patent/DE50305977D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2003-12-22 AT AT03029577T patent/ATE348408T1/de active
- 2003-12-22 DK DK03029577T patent/DK1548845T3/da active
- 2003-12-22 EP EP03029577A patent/EP1548845B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2003-12-22 ES ES03029577T patent/ES2279057T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2003-12-22 PT PT03029577T patent/PT1548845E/pt unknown
-
2004
- 2004-12-14 PL PL04803855T patent/PL1704599T3/pl unknown
- 2004-12-14 CN CNB200480036244XA patent/CN100461460C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2004-12-14 KR KR1020067014667A patent/KR100851043B1/ko not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2004-12-14 WO PCT/EP2004/014232 patent/WO2005064691A1/de active IP Right Grant
- 2004-12-14 CA CA002547352A patent/CA2547352A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2004-12-14 US US10/582,571 patent/US20070113888A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2004-12-14 EP EP04803855A patent/EP1704599B1/de not_active Not-in-force
- 2004-12-14 JP JP2006544314A patent/JP2007515371A/ja active Pending
Patent Citations (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO1994027328A1 (en) * | 1993-05-07 | 1994-11-24 | Siemens Solar Industries International, Inc. | Process for at least partially converting semi-conductor films of the i-iii-vi2-type |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
ALTOSAAR M ET AL: "Monograin layer solar cells", PREPARATION AND CHARACTERIZATION, ELSEVIER SEQUOIA, NL, vol. 431-432, 1 May 2003 (2003-05-01), pages 466 - 469, XP004428688, ISSN: 0040-6090 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP1704599A1 (de) | 2006-09-27 |
KR100851043B1 (ko) | 2008-08-12 |
JP2007515371A (ja) | 2007-06-14 |
US20070113888A1 (en) | 2007-05-24 |
DE50305977D1 (de) | 2007-01-25 |
KR20070015510A (ko) | 2007-02-05 |
PL1704599T3 (pl) | 2008-03-31 |
ATE348408T1 (de) | 2007-01-15 |
DK1548845T3 (da) | 2008-05-19 |
ES2279057T3 (es) | 2007-08-16 |
EP1548845A1 (de) | 2005-06-29 |
EP1548845B1 (de) | 2006-12-13 |
EP1704599B1 (de) | 2007-10-31 |
SI1548845T1 (sl) | 2007-06-30 |
PT1548845E (pt) | 2007-03-30 |
CN100461460C (zh) | 2009-02-11 |
CA2547352A1 (en) | 2005-07-14 |
CN1890817A (zh) | 2007-01-03 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
DE19912961A1 (de) | Halbleiterdünnfilm, Herstellungsverfahren dafür, sowie den Halbleiterdünnfilm aufweisende Solarzelle | |
DE10151415A1 (de) | Solarzelle | |
DE19630321C2 (de) | Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Kupfer-Indium-Schwefel-Selen-Dünnfilms und zur Herstellung eines Kupfer-Indium-Schwefel-Selen-Chalcopyrit-Kristalls | |
EP1709217B1 (de) | Verfahren zur herstellung von cu(in,ga)se2-einkristallinem pulver und dieses pulver enthaltende monokornmembran-solarzelle | |
DE2755500A1 (de) | Solarzelle und verfahren zu ihrer herstellung | |
EP2017910A1 (de) | Aktives Element und Batterie sowie Verfahren zur Herstellung derselben | |
DE3336453C2 (de) | Verfahren zur Oberflächenvergrößerung von Niob und Tantal in Form von agglomerierten oder nicht agglomerierten Pulvern | |
DE102012215041A1 (de) | Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Halbleiterelementes eines direktkonvertierenden Röntgendetektors | |
DE102019208389A1 (de) | Verfahren zur Herstellung von Restspannungs- und versetzungsfreien AIII-BV-Substratwafern | |
EP0201453B1 (de) | Solarzellen auf der Basis von CuInS2 und Verfahren zu deren Herstellung | |
DE1544190B2 (de) | Verfahren zum Einführen von Störstellen in Diamant | |
DE2449542C3 (de) | Verfahren zur Herstellung einer amorphen Schicht auf einem Halbleitersubstrat | |
EP1704599B1 (de) | Verfahren zur behandlung von pulverkörnern | |
DE3882882T2 (de) | Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Siliziumstruktur auf einem Isolator. | |
DE69106646T2 (de) | Herstellungsverfahren für eine blaues Licht emittierende ZnSe-Vorrichtung. | |
DE102006039331B4 (de) | Photovoltaik-Dünnschichtaufbau und Herstellungsverfahren | |
EP0136967B1 (de) | Photoelektrochemische Solarzelle und Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Arbeitselektrode für Solarzellen | |
EP0227945A2 (de) | Verfahren zum Herstellen einer Solarzelle | |
DE3434552A1 (de) | Verfahren zur bildung einer pn-grenzschicht | |
DE112021002298T5 (de) | N-typ sns-dünnschicht, photoelektrisches umwandlungselement, solarzelle, verfahren zur herstellung einer n-typ sns-dünnschicht und herstellungsvorrichtung einer n-typ sns-dünnschicht | |
AT200195B (de) | Einrichtung mit einem photo-leitenden Körper und Verfahren zu ihrer Herstellung | |
DE1564377A1 (de) | Photoelektrische Zelle und Herstellungsverfahren | |
DE102013209983A1 (de) | Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Dünnschichtsolarzelle und einer Verbindungshalbleiterschicht hierfür | |
DE3110750A1 (de) | Verfahren zur herstellung eines nicht-linearen spannungsabhaengigen widerstandes | |
DE2830695A1 (de) | Vorrichtung zur herstellung eines einkristalls aus einer verbindung eines halbleitermaterials der gruppen iii/v des periodensystems |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 200480036244.X Country of ref document: CN |
|
AK | Designated states |
Kind code of ref document: A1 Designated state(s): AE AG AL AM AT AU AZ BA BB BG BR BW BY BZ CA CH CN CO CR CU CZ DE DK DM DZ EC EE EG ES FI GB GD GE GH GM HR HU ID IL IN IS JP KE KG KP KR KZ LC LK LR LS LT LU LV MA MD MG MK MN MW MX MZ NA NI NO NZ OM PG PH PL PT RO RU SC SD SE SG SK SL SY TJ TM TN TR TT TZ UA UG US UZ VC VN YU ZA ZM ZW |
|
AL | Designated countries for regional patents |
Kind code of ref document: A1 Designated state(s): GM KE LS MW MZ NA SD SL SZ TZ UG ZM ZW AM AZ BY KG KZ MD RU TJ TM AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HU IE IS IT LT LU MC NL PL PT RO SE SI SK TR BF BJ CF CG CI CM GA GN GQ GW ML MR NE SN TD TG |
|
121 | Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application | ||
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 2547352 Country of ref document: CA |
|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 2006544314 Country of ref document: JP |
|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 2007113888 Country of ref document: US Ref document number: 10582571 Country of ref document: US |
|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: PA/a/2006/007209 Country of ref document: MX |
|
NENP | Non-entry into the national phase |
Ref country code: DE |
|
WWW | Wipo information: withdrawn in national office |
Ref document number: DE |
|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 2004803855 Country of ref document: EP |
|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 4035/DELNP/2006 Country of ref document: IN |
|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 1020067014667 Country of ref document: KR |
|
WWP | Wipo information: published in national office |
Ref document number: 2004803855 Country of ref document: EP |
|
WWP | Wipo information: published in national office |
Ref document number: 1020067014667 Country of ref document: KR |
|
WWP | Wipo information: published in national office |
Ref document number: 10582571 Country of ref document: US |
|
WWG | Wipo information: grant in national office |
Ref document number: 2004803855 Country of ref document: EP |