WO2004105240A9 - 同調装置及びそれを用いた電波修正時計 - Google Patents
同調装置及びそれを用いた電波修正時計Info
- Publication number
- WO2004105240A9 WO2004105240A9 PCT/JP2004/007211 JP2004007211W WO2004105240A9 WO 2004105240 A9 WO2004105240 A9 WO 2004105240A9 JP 2004007211 W JP2004007211 W JP 2004007211W WO 2004105240 A9 WO2004105240 A9 WO 2004105240A9
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- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- tuning
- circuit
- capacitor
- tuning circuit
- radio
- Prior art date
Links
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 307
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 114
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Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B1/00—Details of transmission systems, not covered by a single one of groups H04B3/00 - H04B13/00; Details of transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission
- H04B1/06—Receivers
- H04B1/16—Circuits
- H04B1/18—Input circuits, e.g. for coupling to an antenna or a transmission line
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G04—HOROLOGY
- G04R—RADIO-CONTROLLED TIME-PIECES
- G04R20/00—Setting the time according to the time information carried or implied by the radio signal
- G04R20/08—Setting the time according to the time information carried or implied by the radio signal the radio signal being broadcast from a long-wave call sign, e.g. DCF77, JJY40, JJY60, MSF60 or WWVB
- G04R20/10—Tuning or receiving; Circuits therefor
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G04—HOROLOGY
- G04R—RADIO-CONTROLLED TIME-PIECES
- G04R60/00—Constructional details
- G04R60/06—Antennas attached to or integrated in clock or watch bodies
- G04R60/10—Antennas attached to or integrated in clock or watch bodies inside cases
- G04R60/12—Antennas attached to or integrated in clock or watch bodies inside cases inside metal cases
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03J—TUNING RESONANT CIRCUITS; SELECTING RESONANT CIRCUITS
- H03J2200/00—Indexing scheme relating to tuning resonant circuits and selecting resonant circuits
- H03J2200/10—Tuning of a resonator by means of digitally controlled capacitor bank
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a small and high-performance tuning device for receiving radio waves and the like, and to an improvement in a receiving system of a radio-controlled timepiece using the same.
- an electronic tuning circuit used for an electronic tuner of a receiver or a transmission circuit of a transmitter generally uses a variable capacitance diode, and controls an applied voltage to the variable capacitance diode to obtain an equivalent electrostatic capacitance.
- the tuning frequency is varied by changing the capacitance.
- This method has the advantages that the variable capacitance diode is small and inexpensive, and that the tuning frequency can be easily varied by controlling the applied voltage, so that a tuner and a transmission circuit can be realized in a small size and at low cost.
- the variable capacitance diode uses the depletion layer of the PN junction of the semiconductor and has a leakage current, the Q value of the tuning circuit cannot be increased. Also, since the Q value changes with the change in capacitance, it is difficult to realize a stable tuning circuit.
- the variable capacitance range of the variable capacitance diode is limited, it is difficult to vary the tuning frequency over a wide range.
- variable capacitance diodes that can take the binary state of the maximum capacitance value and the minimum capacitance value are formed on the semiconductor substrate, and each of the variable capacitance diodes is also placed on the semiconductor substrate.
- a proposal for turning on and off a bias voltage by a switching element formed in the above-described manner and varying the equivalent capacitance is disclosed in, for example, the claims of Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 57-97877 or the third specification of the same. This is shown in the figures and the like.
- variable capacitance diodes formed on the semiconductor substrate use the depletion layer of the PN junction as described above, there is a leakage current, and the Q of the tuning circuit cannot be increased beyond a certain level. It is difficult to realize a stable tuning circuit.
- a negative power supply is required to generate this bias voltage, which is a major factor such as an increase in the number of components of the tuning circuit and an increase in cost.
- a plurality of PN junctions are formed on one semiconductor substrate to realize a variable capacitance diode.However, in order to prevent the electric influence between adjacent variable capacitance diodes and suppress the change in Q, It is necessary to form an insulating region between the variable capacitance diodes and to electrically separate them, which increases the number of semiconductor substrate manufacturing processes, which causes a reduction in yield and an increase in cost.
- an object of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned problems, and to achieve a radio wave which is excellent in stability, has a wide tuning frequency variable range, and can be miniaturized by combining a semiconductor switch and a capacitor having extremely low leakage current.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a tuning device suitable for a receiving circuit of a corrected clock and a radio-controlled clock using the same.
- the present invention employs the following basic technical configuration to achieve the above object.
- the tuning circuit of the present invention is basically connected in series with a semiconductor substrate having a plurality of semiconductor switches and switch control means for controlling opening and closing of the semiconductor switches, and the plurality of semiconductor switches, respectively.
- the tuning frequency of the tuning circuit is varied, and more specifically, a plurality of semiconductor switches and a plurality of semiconductor switches respectively connected in series with the plurality of semiconductor switches.
- the switch control means is connected to the plurality of first capacitors in response to a receiving station selection instruction signal of a standard radio wave including time information, the coils being connected in parallel with each other.
- the total capacitance of the plurality of first capacitors is varied, and the tuning frequency of the tuning circuit formed by the plurality of first capacitors and the coil is changed.
- the second capacitor is provided on or outside the semiconductor substrate separately from the first capacitor group. It is also preferable that a second capacitor having a fixed capacitance or a variable capacitance connected to the coil unit be provided in parallel with the one capacitor.
- the second capacitor be configured to be controlled differently from the control that is received by the first capacitor.
- the control of the second capacitor can be appropriately performed.
- at least the control of the second capacitor can be performed.
- a plurality of capacitors can be arbitrarily switched by opening and closing a semiconductor switch, so that the variable capacitance range of the condenser can be widened. As a result, a wide tuning frequency range of the tuning circuit can be secured. You can do it.
- the plurality of capacitors are formed on the semiconductor substrate.
- the number of components of the capacitor can be reduced, the size of the tuning circuit can be reduced, and the manufacturing process can be simplified.
- the plurality of capacitors formed on the semiconductor substrate are capacitors formed of a film using an appropriate dielectric including an oxide film, a nitride film, and the like on the semiconductor substrate.
- the leakage current of the capacitor can be made extremely small, and a tuning device with excellent stability can be realized.
- At least one of the semiconductor switches is disposed outside the semiconductor substrate. It is characterized in that it is connected to a capacitor.
- the semiconductor device is characterized in that the ON resistance of the semiconductor switch is smaller than the impedance of the capacitor connected in series to the semiconductor switch.
- the optimum ON resistance of the semiconductor switch can be selected according to the capacitance of the connected capacitor, so that the size of the semiconductor substrate can be reduced and a highly sensitive tuning device can be realized. You can do it.
- the semiconductor switch is characterized in that the OFF resistance of the semiconductor switch is larger than the impedance of the capacitor connected in series to the semiconductor switch.
- the resistance value of the resistor section used in the amplifier circuit section connected to the tuning circuit is set to be larger than the impedance of the tuning capacitor provided in the tuning circuit. It is also preferable that the gain of the antenna can be further improved.
- a total value of the capacitance of the plurality of capacitors is not more than 960 pF.
- the size of the semiconductor substrate having a plurality of built-in capacitors can be reduced to about 2 mm ⁇ 1.6 mm, and the mounting efficiency can be improved.
- the inductance of the coil is 0.44 mH or more.
- the tuning circuit of the present invention when used as tuning means of a radio-controlled timepiece, if the total capacitance of the plurality of capacitors is 9600 pF or less, the highest frequency of the standard radio wave (77..5 KHz) can be tuned. Further, the invention is characterized in that the inductance of the coil is 400 OmH or less. Accordingly, when the tuning circuit of the present invention is used as tuning means of a radio-controlled timepiece, if the parasitic capacitance of the semiconductor substrate to the mounting of the semiconductor substrate is about 4 pF, the lowest frequency of the standard radio wave ( 40 KHz) can be tuned.
- the radio-controlled timepiece includes: the tuning circuit; control means for controlling the tuning circuit; inputting a standard radio wave received by the tuning circuit to correct time; and displaying time information from the control means. And display means for performing the operation.
- the variable range of the tuning frequency is wide, and it is possible to receive the standard radio wave with high sensitivity and stability.
- the present invention is characterized in that a metal outer cover made of a metal material is provided, and the tuning circuit, the control unit, and the display unit are covered with the metal outer cover so as to be mechanically protected.
- the inductance of the coil of the tuning circuit covered with the metal sheath is 2 OmH or more.
- the reception sensitivity of the tuning circuit can be maintained at a certain level or more, and a highly sensitive radio-controlled timepiece can be realized even with external metal components.
- a plurality of standard radio waves are received by controlling opening and closing of the plurality of semiconductor switches of the tuning circuit and changing the tuning frequency.
- a tuning storage means for storing tuning control information for varying the tuning frequency of the tuning circuit.
- the information of the standard radio wave to be received can be stored in the tuning storage means, so that a plurality of standard radio waves can be arbitrarily selected and received.
- the tuning storage means is provided inside the tuning circuit.
- the information of the standard radio wave to be received can be stored in a part of the tuning circuit.
- the manufacturing process and the adjusting process of the tuning circuit can be simplified.
- the tuning storage means is a pattern cut means, a fuse ROM, or a nonvolatile memory.
- FIG. 1 is a circuit diagram of a tuning circuit according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 shows an equivalent circuit and an experimental circuit of the tuning circuit according to the first embodiment of the present invention
- FIG. 2 (a) is an equivalent circuit of the tuning circuit when N—Tr is in an ON state.
- (b) is the equivalent circuit of the tuning circuit when N-Tr is OFF.
- Fig. 2 (C) is the experimental circuit of the tuning circuit to verify the effect of the ON resistance and OFF resistance of N-Tr. It is.
- FIG. 3 is an impedance ratio-antenna gain characteristic diagram of the tuning circuit according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- Fig. 4 is a partially enlarged view of the impedance ratio-antenna gain characteristic of Fig. 3, and Fig. 4 (a) shows the ratio of antenna gain characteristic 20 using a 1800pF capacitor 10a of 0.01 or less.
- Fig. 4 (b) is a partially enlarged view of the antenna gain characteristic 20 using the 1800 pF capacitor 10a and having a ratio of 250 or higher.
- FIG. 5 is a circuit diagram of a tuning circuit according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram showing the relationship between a radio-controlled timepiece incorporating the tuning circuit of the present invention and a transmitting station for transmitting a standard radio wave.
- FIG. 7 is a circuit block diagram of a radio-controlled timepiece according to a third embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 8 is a schematic circuit diagram showing the relationship between the tuning circuit of the present invention and the receiving IC.
- FIG. 8A is a schematic circuit diagram of the tuning circuit of the present invention and the amplifying circuit of the receiving IC. ) Is the figure
- FIG. 8 (a) is an equivalent circuit
- FIG. 8 (C) is another schematic circuit diagram of the tuning circuit of the present invention and an amplification circuit of the reception IC.
- FIG. 9 is a circuit block diagram of a radio-controlled timepiece according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 10 is a principle diagram showing an antenna tuning adjustment method of the radio-controlled timepiece according to the present invention.
- FIG. 10 (a) is a principle diagram showing a contact type antenna tuning adjustment method.
- (b) is a principle diagram showing a non-contact antenna tuning adjustment method.
- FIG. 11 is an antenna output characteristic diagram obtained by the antenna tuning adjustment method of the radio-controlled timepiece of the present invention.
- FIG. 12 is a diagram showing a configuration of a specific example of a tuning circuit in a conventional radio-controlled timepiece.
- FIG. 13 is a circuit diagram of a tuning circuit according to another embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 14 is a circuit diagram of a tuning circuit according to still another embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 15 and FIG. 16 show the impedance ratio of the tuning circuit according to another embodiment of the present invention.
- FIGS. 17 to 20 are diagrams illustrating an example of a method of measuring the Q value.
- FIGS. 21 and 22 are diagrams illustrating an example of use of the radio-controlled timepiece according to the present invention.
- FIG. 23 is a circuit diagram showing an example of a circuit in which a tuning circuit and an amplifier circuit according to the present invention are connected.
- FIG. 24 is a graph showing the relationship between the ratio between the amplifier circuit resistance and the capacitor impedance and the antenna gain attenuation rate in the tuning circuit using the circuit of FIG.
- FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a configuration example of a tuning device 1 according to a first embodiment of the present invention, in which a plurality of semiconductor switches 5 are arranged in series with the plurality of semiconductor switches 5, respectively.
- a plurality of first capacitors 4 connected to the semiconductor substrate 200 including switch control means 6 for controlling the opening and closing of the semiconductor switch 5; and a plurality of first capacitors 4 connected in parallel to the plurality of first capacitors 4.
- a coil 201 constituting an antenna unit 2 connected to the antenna.
- the switch control means 6 responds to a reception station selection instruction signal of a standard radio wave including time information, and the switch control means 6 operates the plurality of first capacitors.
- the total capacitance of the plurality of first capacitors 4 is varied by individually opening and closing the individual semiconductor switches 5 connected to the plurality of first capacitors 4 and the corresponding coils 20. 1 to And it is configured so as to modify the tuning frequency of the tuning circuit 1 comprising I, for example, suitable for use in the receiving portion of the radio-controlled timepiece, the tuning circuit 1 is shown.
- the configuration of the tuning circuit 1 according to the first embodiment of the present invention will be described in more detail.
- reference numeral 2 denotes a receiving antenna having a coil 201 for receiving a radio wave, which is formed by winding a wire around a substantially rod-shaped high magnetic permeability material, and an antenna signal P 6 induced by the received radio wave. Output P7.
- Reference numeral 3 denotes a tuning IC including a semiconductor substrate 200 made of one chip.
- Reference numerals 4a to 4f denote a plurality of first capacitors formed on a part of the tuning IC 3, and a film made of a dielectric including an oxide film made of SiO 2 or a nitride film made of Si, N 4 or the like. It is formed using the body.
- One terminals of the first capacitors 4 a to 4 f are commonly connected and connected to the antenna signal P 6 of the receiving antenna 2.
- N-Tr N-channel MOS transistors
- the drain terminals D of N_T r 5 a to 5 f are connected in series to the other terminals of the first capacitors 4 a to 4 f, and the source terminals S of N—T r 5 a to 5 f are connected in common.
- GND which is an electrical ground.
- GND which is an electrical ground may be connected to the antenna terminal P6.
- Reference numeral 6 denotes a counter circuit as a switch control means, which has a terminal CL and an enable terminal EN as input terminals, operates as a binary counter for counting pulses from the terminal CL, and serves as an output terminal. It has count terminals Q0 to Q5.
- P0 to P5 are count signals output from the count terminals Q0 to Q5 of the counter circuit 6, and are connected to the gate terminals G of N-Tr5a to 5f, respectively.
- P8 is a clock signal connected to the clock terminal CL of the counter circuit 6
- P9 is an enable signal connected to the enable terminal EN of the counter circuit 6.
- P10 is a tuning signal as an output of the tuning circuit 1, and is connected to one terminal of the first capacitors 4a to 4f and the antenna signal P6 inside the tuning IC3. When the antenna signal P6 is connected to GND, the tuning signal P10 is connected to the antenna signal P7.
- the operation of the tuning circuit 1 according to the first embodiment of the present invention will be described.
- the enable signal P9 is at logic "0”
- the counter circuit 6 keeps the reset state, and the count signals P0 to P5 output from the count terminals Q0 to Q5. Holds logical "0".
- the potential of the gate terminal G of N—T r 5 a to 5 f becomes zero Therefore, all of the N-Tr 5 a to 5 f are turned off, the first capacitors 4 a to 4 f are disconnected from the receiving antenna 2, and no tuning circuit is formed.
- the capacitance of the first capacitor 4a is 12.5 pF
- the capacitance of the first capacitor 4b is 25 pF
- the capacitance of the first capacitor 4c is 500 pF
- the capacitance of the first capacitor 4 d is 100 pF
- the capacitance of the first capacitor 4 e is 200 pF
- the capacitance of the first capacitor 4 f is Suppose that it was formed at a part of tuning IC 3 as 400 pF.
- a capacitance of minimum 0 pF to a maximum of 78.5 pF with a resolution of 12.5 pF is set in parallel with the receiving antenna 2.
- This receiving antenna 2 is connected to the receiving antenna 2 via N—Tr 5 a to 5 f.
- the tuning frequency (that is, resonance frequency) F of the tuning circuit formed by the first capacitors 4 a to 4 f is represented by L, where the inductance of the receiving antenna 2 is L, and the total static capacitance due to the connected capacitors 4 a to 4 f If the capacitance is C,
- Equation 1 when the total capacitance of the capacitors 4a to 4f is changed, the tuning frequency F also changes.
- the impedance of the tuning circuit formed by the receiving antenna 2 and the capacitors 4a to 4f becomes the maximum, so that when a received radio wave equal to the tuning frequency F arrives at the receiving antenna 2, the antenna signal A received radio wave equal to the tuning frequency F is selectively induced between P6 and P7 and output as a tuning signal P10.
- the tuning circuit 1 of the present invention connects the first capacitors 4a to 4f to the receiving antenna 2 according to the number of pulses of the clock signal P8, the tuning frequency F can be arbitrarily varied. .
- the number of the first capacitors 4 a to 4 f is six, and N—T r 5 a to 5 f that opens and closes the first capacitors 4 a to 4 f are also provided.
- the number is six, but is not limited to this number. If a wider range of tuning frequencies is required, the number of the first capacitor and N-Tr can be increased, and a wider range is possible. If the tuning frequency is not required, the number of the first capacitor and N—Tr may be reduced. Also, the capacitance of each of the first capacitors 4a to 4f can be arbitrarily determined according to the required performance.
- the tuning circuit 1 is constructed by appropriately combining a plurality of capacitors having the same capacitance or a plurality of capacitors having mutually different capacitances. Since it is easy to appropriately change the capacitance, the frequency of the radio wave that can be received can be freely set by arbitrarily changing the tuning frequency of the tuning circuit 1.
- the control means By operating and driving 6, a tuning frequency that matches the frequency of the receivable standard radio wave can be set in the tuning circuit, and a desired standard radio wave can be easily received.
- a plurality of tuning frequencies can be set in the tuning circuit 1 by a selected combination thereof, so that a plurality of standard capacitors are used. It can respond to the reception of radio waves.
- an appropriate external operating means 202 is provided, and this is made to function as a receiving station selecting means.
- the enable signal P 9 and the cut-off signal P 8 for controlling the drive of the control means 6 from the means 202 are automatically or manually input as the receiving station selection instruction signal, and While performing the selection of the combination of the first capacitors 4 in response to the signal, the total capacitance at which the resonance output of the output P 10 of the tuning circuit 1 is maximized is determined and set to that state or set in advance.
- a plurality of reception frequencies and the condition for selecting the combination of the first capacitor 4 are stored in an appropriate storage means, and if the frequency of the standard radio wave in the country or region to be received is known in advance, the corresponding From the external operation means 202, By inputting the code number for selecting the wave number to the control means 6, the control means 6 reads out the combination condition of the first capacitor 4 corresponding to the predetermined frequency stored in the storage means. However, the combination selecting operation of the first capacitor 4 may be executed.
- the conventional tuning system in the case of a radio clock capable of receiving electric pumps of 40 KHz, 60 KHZ in Japan, and 77.5 KHz in Germany, the conventional tuning system
- the stem is connected as shown in the conventional example, C1, C4, and C7 are connected in advance, and C2, C3, C4, and C8 are rearranged to match each resonance frequency.
- an antenna with an L value L1 of 2 mH tune with a commercially available capacitor with an accuracy of about ⁇ 5%, and set the Q value of the antenna to 100.
- the largest capacitor capacitance C2 is 390pF, but depending on the accuracy of the capacitor, it does not fall within the previous frequency adjustment range. .
- the largest capacitor capacitance C3 is 33 pF.
- the resonance frequency is measured to confirm the resonance frequency.
- the largest capacitor capacitance C5 is 220pF, but depending on the accuracy of the capacitor, it does not fall within the previous frequency adjustment range, so find the resonance frequency again, make corrections based on this result, and perform adjustment .
- the resonance frequency is measured to confirm the resonance frequency.
- the largest capacitor capacity C6 is 33 pF.
- the largest capacitor capacity C8 is 680 pF.
- the resonance frequency is measured to confirm the resonance frequency.
- the total capacitance of the tuning circuit can be easily changed only by appropriately controlling the switch.
- the resistance value of the semiconductor switch 5 and the first capacitor have It is known that by properly maintaining the relationship with the impedance dance, it is possible to improve the reception performance, so that the radio wave reception circuit having the tuning circuit is placed inside a watch with a metal exterior. It has been found that high-level reception performance can be demonstrated even if the device is incorporated.
- the ON resistance of each of the semiconductor switches 5 is smaller than the impedance of each of the capacitors 4 connected in series to each of the semiconductor switches 5. It is desirable to set the OFF resistance of each of the semiconductor switches 5 to be larger than the impedance of each of the capacitors 4 connected in series to each of the semiconductor switches 5. Turned out to be desirable.
- Fig. 2 shows an equivalent circuit and an experimental circuit of the tuning circuit 1 that constitutes the tuning device shown in Fig. 1.
- Fig. 2 (a) shows that the N-Tr 5a to 5f of the tuning device 1 are ON.
- Fig. 2 (b) shows an equivalent circuit when the N-Tr 5a to 5f of the tuning device 1 are in the OFF state.
- reference numeral 4 denotes a capacitor representing the first capacitors 4a to 4f described above
- reference numeral 5 denotes N--Tr representing N--Tr 5a to 5f.
- the equivalent circuit at this time is as shown by arrow A.
- 5on is the ON resistance of N-Tr5
- 5s is the switch showing the ON operation of N-Tr5
- the capacitor 4 is a capacitor representing the first capacitors 4a to 4f
- N—Tr5 is a capacitor representing N—Tr5a to 5f.
- N—Tr Since the gate terminal G of the N-Tr 5 has the same potential as the source terminal S, the N-Tr 5 is turned off.
- the equivalent circuit at this time is as shown by arrow B.
- 5 off represents the OFF resistance of N—Tr5
- 5 s is a switch showing the OFF operation of N—Tr5
- 4 is a capacitor connected in series with N-tr5. That is, since N-Tr5 is a semiconductor switch, its resistance value is not infinite even in the OFF state, and there is a certain amount of OFF resistance 5off.
- the semiconductor switch N-Tr5 has an ON resistance of 5 on and an OFF resistance of 5 off, but the effect of the ON resistance of 5 on and the OFF resistance of 5 off on the tuning circuit 1 should be ignored. Can not do.
- the chip size of the built-in tuning IC 3 also increases, which causes problems in cost increase and miniaturization as a tuning device.
- the transistor size of N—Tr5 is increased, the stray capacitance and the parasitic capacitance are increased, and there is a problem that the variable range of the tuning frequency is reduced. Also 0 ?? resistance 5.
- NT r ON resistance and OFF resistance should be selected to minimize the adverse effect on the tuning circuit, to increase the chip size of the tuning IC 3, and to be able to drive at low voltage. Is required.
- the present applicant has conducted an experiment for examining the influence of the ON resistance and the OFF resistance of N—Tr as the semiconductor switch 5 from the above viewpoints and verifying the optimum value, and will be described below.
- Figure 2 (C) shows an experimental circuit for verifying the optimal values of the ON resistance and OFF resistance of N_Tr.
- This is a tuning circuit according to the configuration of the receiving antenna 2 and the plurality of capacitors 4 a to 4 f and N—Tr 5 a to 5 f of the tuning circuit 1 shown in FIG.
- FIG. 2 (C) 2 is a receiving antenna equivalent to FIG. 10a to 10d are chip type or discrete type capacitors with low leakage current, are arranged with different capacitances, one terminal is connected in common and connected to one terminal of the receiving antenna 2 Is done.
- l id is a switch corresponding to N—T r 5 a to 5 f in Fig. 1, and a type with extremely low ON resistance is selected.
- Reference numeral 12 denotes a variable resistor corresponding to the ON resistance or the OFF resistance of N—Tr 5 a to 5 f in FIG. 1 and can change the resistance value in a wide range.
- the variable resistor 12 can be placed arbitrarily between the capacitors 10a to 10d and the switches 1la to lId, but in Fig. 2 (C), the capacitor 10a and the switch 11a It is located between.
- the capacitance of capacitor 10a is 1800 pF
- the capacitance of capacitor 10b is 1000 pF
- the capacitance of capacitor 10C is 560 pF
- the capacitance of capacitor 10d is 100 pF Was set as
- 13 is an exciting coil, which is arranged near the receiving antenna 2 and generates an AC magnetic field 14 corresponding to a received radio wave.
- An AC signal source 15 supplies an AC signal of about 4 OKHz to generate an AC magnetic field 14 in the exciting coil 13.
- Reference numeral 16 denotes a high input impedance AC voltmeter connected to both terminals of the receiving antenna 2, which measures an AC signal induced in the receiving antenna 2.
- FIG. 2 (C) First, the resistance of the variable resistor 12 is made sufficiently small, and all the switches 11a to l1d are closed. Next, an AC signal is supplied to the exciting coil 13 by the AC signal source 15 to generate an AC magnetic field 14. As a result, an AC signal is induced in the receiving antenna 2 by the AC magnetic field 14, and the AC voltmeter 16 can measure the induced AC signal.
- the frequency with the largest measured value of the AC voltmeter 16 is the tuning frequency based on the total capacitance of the receiving antenna 2 and the capacitors 10a to 10d. Then, record the value of AC voltmeter 16 at this tuning frequency.
- the frequency of the AC signal source 15 is finely adjusted in the same manner as described above, and the value at which the measured value of the AC voltmeter 16 becomes the largest is stored.
- the work of recording the value of the AC voltmeter 16 while sequentially increasing the resistance value of the variable resistor 12 is repeated, and the difference between the resistance value of the variable resistor 12 and the impedance of the capacitor 10a for the AC signal is repeated. Measure until the ratio becomes 1, and further increase the resistance value of the variable resistor 12 until the ratio becomes 10 times, 100 times, and 100 times, and read the measured value of the AC voltmeter 16 Record.
- FIG. 3 is a graph summarizing the above measurement results and is an impedance ratio-antenna gain characteristic diagram.
- the X-axis is the ratio between the resistance value of the variable resistor 12 and the impedance to the frequency of the capacitors 10a to 10d
- the Y-axis is the antenna gain, which is the AC voltmeter 16
- the output voltage of the AC signal source 15 is expressed as a reference 0 dB.
- reference numeral 20 denotes an antenna gain characteristic when a variable resistor 12 is connected in series to a capacitor 180a of 180 pF.
- the antenna gain is about 30 dB, which is relatively high. It shows the gain.
- the antenna gain sharply decreases.
- the antenna gain decreases most, and reaches --60 dB. Has reached.
- reference numeral 21 denotes an antenna gain characteristic when a variable resistor 12 is connected in series to a capacitor 10b of lOOOpF. At this time, the variable resistor 12 connected to the capacitor 10a is removed, and the capacitor 10a is directly connected to the switch 11a.
- the area where the resistance-to-capacitor impedance ratio is 1 or less indicates the area of the ON resistance of the semiconductor switch 5, and conversely, the area where the resistance Z The region where the impedance ratio is 1 or more indicates the region of the OFF resistance of the semiconductor switch 5.
- the antenna gain characteristic 21 is the antenna gain characteristic when the variable resistor 12 is connected in series to the 560 pF capacitor 10 C, and the antenna gain characteristic 23 is the 100 pF capacitor. This is an antenna gain characteristic when a variable resistor 12 is connected in series to 1 Od.
- a to l 0 d operate as an LC parallel resonance circuit, and the loss is small, so the antenna gain is large (for example, in the area where the ratio is 0.011 or less).
- the variable resistor 12 acts as a loss in the LC parallel resonance circuit, so that the Q of the resonance circuit decreases, and as a result, the antenna gain decreases.
- variable resistor 12 When the impedance ratio between the variable resistor 12 and the capacitor 10a is near 1, the variable resistor 12 has the largest effect on the capacitor .10a, so the loss of the LC parallel resonance circuit is also the largest. This results in the lowest antenna gain. However, when the impedance ratio of the variable resistor 12 and the capacitor 10a exceeds 1, the variable resistor 12 prevents the capacitor 10a from functioning as a capacitor, and the variable resistor 12 becomes a capacitor 10a.
- the capacitor 10a is equivalent to being disconnected from the LC parallel resonance circuit, and C of the LC parallel resonance circuit becomes C 10 b ⁇ l 0 d 3 Only the total capacitance. As a result, the resonance frequency slightly shifts, but the loss due to the variable resistor 12 decreases and the antenna gain increases again.
- the antenna gain of the tuning device be as high as possible, and that the tuning circuit has low loss and high Q value.
- the values of the ON resistance 5 on and the OFF resistance 5 off of N-Tr5 are both determined so that the ratio to the impedance of the capacitor does not become close to 1. It must be. That is, it is preferable that the value of the ON resistance 5 on of N_Tr 5 as a semiconductor switch is smaller than the impedance of the capacitor 4 connected in series with N—Tr 5 (that is, the ratio is 1 or less). Similarly, it is preferable that the value of the OFF resistor 5 off of N—Tr 5 is larger than the impedance of the capacitor 4 connected in series to N—Tr 5 (ie, a ratio of 1 or more).
- Fig. 4 is a partially enlarged view of the impedance ratio-antenna gain characteristic in Fig. 3.
- Fig. 4 (a) shows the resistance Z capacitor impedance ratio of the antenna gain characteristic 20 using a 1800pF capacitor 10a.
- Fig. 4 (b) is a partial enlarged view of the antenna with gain of 20 using the 1800pF capacitor 10a and the capacitor-impedance ratio of 250 or higher.
- Fig. 15 is a partial enlarged view of the antenna gain characteristic 20 using a 1800pF capacitor 10a under the resistor-to-capacitor impedance ratio of 0.03 to 1
- Fig. 16 shows the same 1800pF capacitor 10a.
- FIG. 3 is a partially enlarged view of a resistance no-condensed impedance ratio 1 to 31 of an antenna gain characteristic 20 using a.
- the antenna gain at the first place of the resistor / capacitor impedance ratio is 60 dB, and this ratio 1 is the same value as the variable resistor 12 and the capacitor impedance (ie, the least ideal ON resistance). Therefore, the antenna gain 60 dB is set as the worst antenna gain, and the resistance / capacitor impedance ratio at 58 dB, which is 2 dB amplified from the worst antenna gain, is about 0.6 (T1 point) from Fig. 15.
- the impedance ratio between the resistor 5on and the capacitor 4 is preferably 0.6 or less.
- the resistance / capacitor impedance ratio at 1 dB at 4 dB amplified from 1 dB is about 0.43 (point of T2). 4 (a) to 0.43 or less is more preferable.
- the worst-case antenna gain – 10 dB amplified from –60 dB – resistance / capacitor impedance at –50 dB This is about 0.19 (point of T3), so the impedance ratio between the ON resistance 5on and the capacitor 4 is shown in Fig. 4 (a). More preferably, it is 0.19 or less.
- the resistance / capacitor impedance ratio is about 0.03 (point of T4), so the impedance ratio between the ON resistance 5on and the capacitor 4 is shown in Fig. 4 (a). To 0.03 or less.
- the antenna gain at the 0.001 resistor Z capacitor impedance ratio is 19.5 dB, and this ratio of 0.001 is equivalent to a variable resistance of 12 forces; It is close (ie, ideal ⁇ N resistance). Therefore, the antenna gain—29.5 dB is determined as the ideal antenna gain (arrow C), and the antenna gain is attenuated by 3 dB from the ideal antenna gain—32.5 dB. From FIG. 4 (a), the impedance is about 0.0084 (point of N3), so the impedance ratio between the ON resistance 5 on and the capacitor 4 is preferably 0.0084 or less.
- the ideal antenna gain _ attenuated by 2 dB from 29.5 dB — 31.5 dB the resistance Z capacitor impedance ratio is about 0.0057 (point of N2), so ON As shown in FIG. 4A, the impedance ratio between the resistor 5 on and the capacitor 4 is more preferably not more than 0.0057. In addition, the ideal antenna gain was attenuated by 1 dB from 29.5 dB. The resistance Z at 30.5 dB
- the antenna gain at the top of the resistor / capacitor impedance ratio is 60 dB, and this ratio 1 is a value where the variable resistor 12 and the capacitor impedance are equal (that is, the least ideal ON resistance). . Therefore, the antenna gain — 60 dB is defined as the worst antenna gain, and the resistance / capacitor impedance ratio at 58 dB obtained by amplifying 2 dB from the worst antenna gain is 2.8 (Fig. 16) (T5 point).
- the impedance ratio between the ON resistance 5on and the capacitor impedance 4 is preferably 2.8 or more.
- the worst antenna gain from 60 dB to 4 dB amplified from 1 dB to 56 dB is the resistance ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ capacitor impedance ratio, which is 3.9th (point of T6), so the ON resistance 5 on and the impedance ratio of capacitor 4 4 (a) is more preferably 3.9 or more.
- the resistance / capacitor impedance ratio at 10 dB amplified from 1 dB to 50 dB is the ninth (point of T7), so the impedance ratio between the ON resistance 5 on and the capacitor 4 is shown in Fig. 4 ( It is more preferable that the number is from a) to 9 or more.
- the resistance / capacitor impedance ratio is 31st (point of T8). From (a), it is more preferably 31 or more.
- —26.2 dB is defined as an ideal antenna gain (arrow D), and the resistance / capacitor impedance ratio at 29.2 dB, which is attenuated by 3 dB from the ideal antenna gain, is shown in Fig. 4. Since it is about 300 (point of F3) from (b), the impedance ratio of the OFF resistor 5 off and the capacitor 4 is preferably 300 or more.
- the ideal antenna gain was attenuated by 2 dB from 26.2 dB—the resistance-capacitor impedance ratio at 28.2 dB is about 450 (point of F2) from Fig. 4 (b). More preferably, the impedance ratio between the F resistor 5 off and the capacitor 4 is 450 or more.
- the impedance ratio of the resistor / capacitor at 17.2 dB attenuated by 1 dB from the ideal antenna gain of 16.2 dB is 900th (point F1) from Fig. 4 (b). Therefore, the impedance ratio between the OFF resistance 5 off and the capacitor 4 is more preferably 900 or more.
- the tuning circuit 1 As described above, from the experimental results of ON resistance and OFF resistance of N-Tr as a semiconductor switch shown in Fig. 2 (C), setting each ON resistance and OFF resistance to preferable values
- the sensitivity and selectivity of the tuning circuit 1 according to the first embodiment of the present invention shown in FIG. 1 can be improved.
- an N-channel MS transistor is used as the semiconductor switch 5.
- the present invention is not limited to this type of transistor, and a P-channel MOS transistor may be used.
- the transmission gate may be a combination of a pair of N-channel and P-channel MOS transistors, or may be a bipolar transistor.
- the transistor size of N—Tr 5 a to 5 f in FIG. 1 can be minimized by selecting the ON resistance based on the above criteria.
- the capacitance of the capacitor 4a is 12.5.pF, but this impedance is about 300 ⁇ when the frequency is 40 KHz.
- the ON resistance of 2.5 ⁇ in N-Tr 5 a to 5 f transistors can be realized by a sufficiently small transistor size.
- the capacitor 4 f having the largest capacitance is 400 pF, but its impedance is about 10 ⁇ when calculated in the same way.
- the resistance-capacitor impedance ratio is 0.0084, its ON resistance is 84 ⁇ . This The ON resistance of 84 ⁇ can be realized sufficiently if a certain size is secured in the ⁇ -Tr 5 a to 5 f transistor.
- the transistor size of the N-Tr as the semiconductor switch 5 can be selected to a minimum according to the capacitance of the capacitor 4 connected in series, so that the chip size of the tuning IC 3 is made as small as possible. It can be designed to be small, and can achieve cost reduction and downsizing of the tuning device.
- the transistor size of N-T1 can be reduced, the parasitic capacitance and stray capacitance caused by N-Tr can be reduced to a minimum, and the capacitance can be varied from a very small to a large capacitance.
- a tuning device having a tuning circuit can be realized.
- the OFF resistance of 90 ⁇ is a value that can be sufficiently realized even with a low-voltage power supply.
- the capacitors 4 a to 4 f built in the tuning IC 3 are capacitors using an oxide film made of SiO 2 or the like as a dielectric, as compared with a capacitor using a depletion layer, As a result, the leakage current is extremely low, making it an excellent capacitor with very low loss. As a result, the Q of the tuning circuit formed by the receiving antenna 2 can be increased, and a tuning device having high selectivity to received radio waves and excellent stability can be realized.
- the chip size of the tuning IC 3 is extremely large considering the mounting efficiency. It is not possible to reduce the size, and the size of the chip size leads to an immediate cost increase. From these facts, it is preferable that the chip size of the tuning IC 3 is substantially equal to that of the chip part of the size of 210, that is, the size is 2 mm ⁇ 1.6 mm or less.
- the capacitor is formed using an oxide film as a dielectric, and when the thickness of the oxide film is about 12 OA, the maximum total capacitance that can be formed within the chip size is 960. It is about 0 pF. Therefore, the total capacitance of the tuning IC 3 is preferably 9600 pF or less.
- the capacitor according to the present invention is not limited to an oxide film, but may be a nitride film or another film made of a dielectric material.
- the tuning IC 3 since the tuning IC 3 includes control means such as mounting pads, semiconductor switches, and counter circuits, if these occupied areas are subtracted, the area that can be used as a capacitor is about 1.6 mm X 1.2 mm. If the total capacitance is calculated from this area, it will be about 5760 pF. Therefore, it is preferable that the total capacitance of the tuning IC 3 is equal to or less than 5760 pF. In addition, the chip size of the tuned IC 3 needs to be further reduced in consideration of the spread of the potting resin for mounting and the thickness of the molding material. When calculated, it is about 960 pF. Therefore, the total capacitance of the tuning IC 3 is more preferably not more than 96 OpF.
- the tuning circuit 1 When the tuning circuit 1 according to the first embodiment of the present invention is used as a tuning device of a radio-controlled timepiece, the transmitting station that outputs the highest transmission frequency among the standard radio waves received by the radio-controlled timepiece is based on Germany. It is a DCF 77 station, and its transmission frequency is 77.5 KHz. Further, as described above, it is preferable that the total capacitance of the tuning IC 3 be about 9600 pF at the maximum in consideration of the chip size and the like. When the inductance of the receiving antenna 2 is calculated from these two conditions, it is about 0.44 mH.
- the inductance of the receiving antenna 2 is 0.44 mH or more. Further, as described above, the total capacitance of the tuning IC 3 is about 5760 pF in consideration of the area occupied by the mounting pads and control means. From this condition, if the inductance of the receiving antenna 2 is calculated, , About 0.73 mH. Therefore, the inductance of the receiving antenna 2 is preferably 0.73 mH or more. Further, as described above, the total capacitance of the tuning IC 3 is about 960 pF in consideration of the size of the spread of the potting resin for mounting the tuning IC 3 and the like. The calculated inductance is about 4.4mH. Therefore, the inductance of the receiving antenna 2 is more preferably 4.4 mH or more.
- a transmitting station that outputs the lowest transmission frequency among standard radio waves received by the radio-controlled timepiece is a Japanese station. It is the Fukushima station and its transmission frequency is 40 KHz. Also, when all the capacitors built into the tuning IC 3 are disconnected from the receiving antenna 2, the total value of the parasitic capacitance and the stray capacitance inside the tuning IC 3 is extremely small, and is assumed to be about 4 pF. When the inductance of the receiving antenna 2 is calculated from these two conditions, it is about 4000 mH. Therefore, the inductance of the receiving antenna 2 is preferably 4000 mH or less.
- the total capacitance when all the capacitors built in the tuning IC 3 are disconnected from the receiving antenna 2 is about 14 pF.
- the inductance of the receiving antenna 2 is calculated from this condition, it is about 1 10 OiriH. Therefore, it is more preferable that the inductance of the receiving antenna 2 is equal to or less than l l O OmH.
- the combination of a semiconductor switch and a capacitor with extremely low leakage current on one semiconductor substrate provides a high Q value, excellent stability, and a variable tuning frequency range.
- a tuning device with a wide range can be realized.
- the ON resistance and OFF resistance of the semiconductor switch are selected to be favorable values according to the impedance of the capacitor connected to the semiconductor switch, the loss of the tuning circuit can be further reduced to realize a highly sensitive tuning device. Can be made.
- the transistor size can be kept to a minimum, so that the mounting area of the tuning IC as a semiconductor substrate can be reduced and the cost can be reduced. Minimize stray capacitance and parasitic capacitance of tuning IC As a result, it is possible to provide an excellent tuning device that can change the capacitance of the tuning circuit from a small capacity to a large capacity.
- the plurality of capacitors of the tuning circuit are formed in the semiconductor substrate, external components can be significantly reduced, and the tuning device can be downsized and the manufacturing process can be simplified.
- switching of a plurality of capacitors forming a tuning circuit can be realized by a MOS transistor or the like as a semiconductor switch, a power supply for the switching may be a single power supply common to other circuits, and other negative power supplies may be used. Since no power supply is required, the power supply circuit can be simplified, and it is highly effective in reducing power consumption, miniaturization, and cost reduction.
- FIGS. That is, transmission of a network analyzer (4195 A) manufactured by Hured Packard (HP), a high-frequency probe (850 24 A) manufactured by Hured Packard (HP), and National (Matsushita Electric).
- the antenna (test loop 75Q, VQ-085F) is connected as shown in Fig. 17 to form an antenna evaluation circuit, and the vicinity of the transmitting antenna (test loop 75Q, VQ-085F)
- the high-frequency probe (85024A) that connects the antenna to be measured and the sample support section are placed in the sample support section.
- the transmission antenna (test loop 75 Q, VQ- 08 5 F) Transmits a predetermined radio wave, detects the output of the antenna under test with the high-frequency probe (85024A), and evaluates the predetermined antenna with the network analyzer (4195A). It was The
- the distance between the antenna structure under test 2 and the transmitting antenna was 11 cm away from the lower end of the transmitting loop antenna as shown in Fig. 18.
- the measurement was performed with the receiving antenna for evaluation installed at the position where the antenna was measured, and at the same time, as shown in FIG.
- test loop 75Q, VQ-085F the frequency of the radio wave transmitted from the transmitting antenna (test loop 75Q, VQ-085F) is determined by measuring the resonance antenna for 4 OKHz as shown in FIG. Description will be made with reference to 0.
- the frequency is swept in the range of 20 to 60 kHz with a constant output from the network analyzer (4195 A) to the transmitting antenna (test loop 75Q, VQ-085F). Then, the output of the antenna under test 2 is monitored via the high frequency probe (8504A) to obtain the output result as shown in FIG.
- the gain of the antenna is represented by the ratio of the amplitude of the input voltage to the transmitting antenna to the amplitude of the output voltage of the antenna under test.
- the frequency with the highest antenna output is the resonance frequency (f 0).
- the value of the above ratio at the time when the antenna output was the highest was defined as the antenna gain.
- the level indicated by A is about 3 dB (1 2) lower than the highest point of the antenna output, and the frequencies giving the output levels are f 1 and f 2.
- the value is calculated as follows.
- ⁇ 3 values resonance frequency f 0 ⁇ (f 2-f 1)
- f 1 and f 2 were obtained from the above measurement results, and the Q value was calculated from the equation of the resonance frequency f 0 ⁇ (f 2 ⁇ f 1).
- FIG. 5 is a circuit diagram of a tuning apparatus according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
- a plurality of semiconductor switches 5 and a plurality of first switches respectively connected in series with the plurality of semiconductor switches 5 are shown.
- the capacitor 4 and the switch control means 6 for controlling the opening and closing of the individual semiconductor switches 5 in order to set the total capacitance of the plurality of first capacitors 4 to a predetermined value are one semiconductor substrate 20. 0, and each of the plurality of first capacitors 4 is connected to a coil unit 200 constituting an antenna unit 2 provided outside the semiconductor substrate 200 connected in parallel.
- the tuning circuit 1 used for the receiving section of the configured radio-controlled timepiece is shown. That is, the tuning circuit 1 as the second specific example of the present invention is different from the tuning circuit 1 as the first concrete example described above, further, on the semiconductor substrate 200 or outside the semiconductor substrate 200. At least one second capacitor 7 having a fixed capacity or a variable capacity connected to the coil unit 201 in parallel with the first capacitor group 4 is provided.
- the second capacitor 7 is controlled differently from the control received by the first capacitor 4.
- the capacitance of the second capacitor 7 is different from the capacitance of each of the first capacitors 4.
- the capacitance of the second capacitor is set to be considerably larger than the capacitance of the first capacitor.
- At least one of the second capacitors 7 in the second specific example of the present invention has an appropriate switch means 5f, and the switch means 5f is controlled by the control means 5f. It is configured to be controlled by means 6.
- the switch means 5f may be a semiconductor switch 5 provided on the semiconductor substrate 200, as in the first specific example, or the semiconductor substrate 5 It may be formed at a position distant from 200.
- switch means 5f may be configured to be controlled by a control means different from the control means 6.
- first capacitor 4 and the second capacitor 7 are configured to be driven by different control systems.
- the configuration of the tuning circuit 1 in the second specific example of the present invention will be described in detail, but the same elements as those in the first embodiment will be denoted by the same reference numerals, and redundant description will be omitted. .
- reference numeral 1 denotes a tuning circuit according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
- Reference numeral 7 denotes a second capacitor disposed outside the tuning IC 3.
- One terminal of the second capacitor 7 is connected to a tuning signal P10 output from the tuning IC 3, and the other terminal is N—Tr 5 f drain as a semiconductor switch inside IC 3 Connected to terminal D.
- the second capacitor 7 is preferably a chip type ceramic capacitor, but the second capacitor 7 has a variable capacitance even if the capacitance is fixed. May be used. Needless to say, the second capacitor 7 may be formed on the semiconductor substrate 200.
- the capacitance of the first capacitors 4 a to 4 e built in the tuning IC 3 is 12.5 pF for the capacitor 4 a, 25 pF for the capacitor 4 b, and 5 for the capacitor 4 c. 0 pF, capacitor 4 d is 100 pF, and capacitor 4 e is 200 pF.
- the capacitance of the second capacitor 7 disposed outside the tuning IC 3 is set to 40 OpF.
- the resolution and the maximum value of the capacitance that can be varied by N—Tr 5 a to 5 f are equal to those of the first embodiment described above, so that the performance as the tuning device does not change. Since the total capacitance of the first capacitor formed inside 3 is 3877.5 pF, which is halved, the chip size of the tuned IC 3 can be significantly reduced, and the mounting efficiency and cost can be improved. Down can be realized.
- the number of the second capacitors disposed outside the tuning IC 3 is set to one.
- the present invention is not limited to this. There may be.
- all the first capacitors 4a to 4e formed inside the tuning IC 3 may be deleted, and all the capacitors may be arranged outside the tuning IC 3. As a result, the number of components of the tuning circuit 1 increases, but the chip size of the tuning IC 3 can be minimized, so that the cost of the tuning IC 3 can be greatly reduced.
- FIG. 13 a more detailed example of the tuning circuit 1 in the second embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 13 and 14.
- FIG. 13 a more detailed example of the tuning circuit 1 in the second embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 13 and 14.
- the resonance frequency only needs to be obtained about three times, and only three capacitors and soldering are required to be connected at a time, so the adjustment and mounting process is shortened.
- another second capacitor C 10 is provided between the antenna unit 2 and the wave tuning circuit 1 at a position away from the semiconductor substrate 200. It is of course also possible to adjust the frequency with this tuning system by adding to the frequency of one or more stations.
- the second capacitors C8, C9, and C10 may be formed on the semiconductor substrate 200, or may be formed outside the semiconductor substrate 200. May be.
- the tuning circuit 1 since the tuning circuit 1 according to the present invention has excellent antenna characteristics as described above, the tuning circuit 1 includes the metal part including the antenna part 2 made of a metal material. It can be used in the department.
- FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram showing a relationship between a radio-controlled timepiece 40 as a third embodiment of the present invention incorporating a tuning device including a tuning circuit 1 and a transmitting station 45 for transmitting a standard radio wave.
- reference numeral 40 denotes an analog display type radio-controlled timepiece.
- Reference numeral 41 denotes a metal exterior made of a metal material, and reference numeral 42 denotes a display unit as a display means. It is composed of Reference numeral 2 denotes an ultra-small receiving antenna, which is preferably disposed in the 12 o'clock direction inside the metal sheath 4 1.
- 43 is a crown that corrects the time and date. 4 4 is a band to be worn on the arm of the user (not shown).
- 45 is a transmitting station for transmitting the standard radio wave.
- 46 is a transmitting antenna that emits standard radio waves
- 47 is an atomic clock that measures the standard time with high precision.
- Reference numeral 48 denotes a standard radio wave that carries the standard time as time information transmitted from the transmitting antenna 46.
- the standard radio wave 48 usually consists of long waves of a number + KHz, and can be received within a radius of about 100 km. Note that the transmission frequency and time information format of the standard radio wave 48 are set individually by the transmitting station in each country or region.
- the receiving antenna 2 is arranged at 12 o'clock inside the metal sheath 41, as described above. Point the 12 o'clock direction of the radio-controlled clock 40 to the direction where the transmitting station 45 is located, and operate the reception start button (not shown).
- the radio-controlled timepiece 40 receives the standard radio wave 48, it decodes it using the decoding algorithm corresponding to the time information format of the standard radio wave 48, and outputs time information such as seconds, minutes, hours, and date, and leap year and Data on the presence or absence of daylight saving time is acquired, the acquired time information is measured, and the time information and date are displayed on the display unit 42. It is preferable that the reception of the standard radio wave 48 be performed periodically at a time when the reception environment is good with little noise such as late at night.
- reference numeral 1 denotes a tuning circuit according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- 50 is a control unit as control means for controlling the radio-controlled timepiece 40.
- Reference numeral 51 denotes a receiving IC included in the control unit 50, which includes an amplifier circuit (not shown), a filter circuit (not shown), a decoding circuit (not shown), and the like.
- Reference numeral 52 denotes a microcomputer (hereinafter abbreviated as “microcomputer”) included in the control unit 50, which controls the entire radio-controlled clock 40.
- Reference numeral 53 is a storage circuit as tuning storage means included in the control unit 50, and stores tuning control information.
- Reference numeral 54 denotes a reference signal source included in the control unit 50.
- the reference signal source includes a crystal oscillator (not shown) and outputs a reference signal of a radio-controlled timepiece.
- Reference numeral 42 denotes a display unit as a display means of the above-described analog display system, which includes a drive motor, a wheel train, and the like (not shown).
- a power supply unit 55 supplies necessary power to the tuning device 1, the display unit 42, the control unit 50, and the like.
- the reception IC 51 of the control unit 50 receives the tuning signal P 10 output from the tuning IC 3 of the tuning circuit 1 and outputs a demodulated signal PI 1 converted into a digital signal.
- the storage circuit 53 outputs tuning data P12 as tuning control information, and the reference signal source 54 outputs a reference signal P13 of 32,768 Hz.
- the microcomputer 52 of the control unit 50 inputs the demodulated signal P11, the tuning data P12, and the reference signal P13, and receives the clock signal P8, the enable signal P9, and the time as time information.
- the data P14 is output.
- the display section 42 inputs the time data P14 as time information from the microcomputer 52 and displays the time.
- the microcomputer 52 executes an initialization process to initialize each circuit block.
- the time information inside the microcomputer 52 is initialized to AM 00: 00: 00, and the time data P 14 is output based on the initialized time information.
- the second hand 4 2a, minute hand 4 2b, and hour hand 4 2C of the display unit 42 input the time data P 14 and move to the reference position AM 00: 00: 00.
- the date display section 42d also moves to the reference position.
- the reference signal source 54 starts outputting the reference signal P13.
- the microcomputer 52 receives the reference signal P 13, internally divides the frequency, and generates time information based on the reference signal P 13. Timing is started, and time data P 14 is output based on the time information and transmitted to the display unit 42.
- the display section 42 inputs the time data P14 and sequentially displays the hour, minute, second, and date. Also, the microcomputer 52 shifts to the time correction mode by an external operation or a timer at fixed time intervals, and starts the receiving operation to receive the standard radio wave.
- the microcomputer 52 When the radio-controlled clock 40 enters the time correction mode, the microcomputer 52 outputs the enable signal P9 to the tuning IC 3 of the tuning circuit 1 and the reception IC 51 of the control unit 50.
- the tuning IC 3 is released from the reset state by the enable signal P9, and enters a standby state for receiving the input of the clock signal P8.
- the receiving IC 51 supplies power to the amplifier circuit (not shown), the filter circuit (not shown), and the decoder circuit (not shown) by the enable signal P9, and becomes a standby.
- the microcomputer 52 accesses the storage circuit 53 to obtain tuning data P12 as tuning control information, and adjusts the tuning frequency of the tuning circuit 1 based on the tuning data P12. Outputs clock signal P8.
- the tuning IC 3 of the tuning circuit 1 inputs the clock signal P8, and as described above, switches the capacitors 4a to 4f built in the tuning IC 3 according to the number of pulses of the clock signal P8. Switching and changing the tuning frequency with the receiving antenna 2 to select and receive the target standard radio wave.
- the tuning IC 3 outputs the tuning signal P 10 and inputs it to the receiving IC 51.
- the reception IC 51 receives and amplifies the tuning signal P 10, removes noise components and the like by a filter circuit, converts the signal into a digital signal by a decoding circuit, and outputs a demodulated signal P 11.
- the microcomputer 52 that has received the demodulated signal PI 1 decodes the demodulated signal PL 1 using the internally stored decoding algorithm, obtains standard time information such as hour, minute, second, date, etc. The time information stored inside is corrected, and the main time and standard time are stored.
- the display unit 42 inputs the time data P 14 corrected at the standard time, and corrects the displayed time.
- the storage circuit 53 is a flash memory or other non-volatile memory that can be rewritten and is easy to use. However, a low-cost fuse ROM or a conductive pattern on a printed circuit board (not shown) on which the microcomputer 52 or the like is mounted is used. It may be a pattern printing means for processing a pattern.
- the microcomputer 52 of the control unit 50 controls the tuning circuit 1 based on the tuning control information of the storage circuit 53, adjusts the tuning circuit of the tuning circuit 1, and sets the tuning frequency to Since it can be adjusted to the transmission frequency of the target standard radio wave with high accuracy, it is possible to receive the standard radio wave with high sensitivity and stability, and to provide a highly reliable radio-controlled timepiece.
- the radio-controlled timepiece 40 of the present invention is covered with the metal sheath 41 as described above with reference to FIG. 6, and the tuning circuit 1, the display unit 42, the control unit 50, and the like are mechanically protected.
- a plastic material that easily transmits radio waves as the exterior material, because the antenna gain can be increased and standard radio waves can be easily received.
- plastic materials have low hardness, so that the exterior is easily damaged, and there is also a problem in waterproofness, and further, it is difficult to give a high-grade feeling.
- the metal sheath has a major problem that antenna gain is reduced because radio waves are difficult to pass through.
- the metal sheath 41 As a means of solving the decrease in antenna gain caused by using the metal sheath 41, it is effective to increase the number of turns of the conductor of the receiving antenna 2.
- the reason for this is based on the principle of electromagnetic induction, and it is known that the electromotive force induced in the coil increases in proportion to the number of turns of the coil.
- the use of the metal sheath significantly attenuates the magnetic field due to the standard radio wave to the receiving antenna 2 disposed inside the sheath, but by increasing the number of turns of the conductor of the receiving antenna 2, Since the electromotive force induced in the receiving antenna 2 can be increased, the attenuation of the magnetic field can be compensated and the decrease of the antenna gain can be prevented.
- the applicant examined how much the number of turns of the conductor of the receiving antenna 2 should be increased under various conditions.
- a capacitor that forms a tuning circuit in combination with the receiving antenna 2 for example, as shown in FIG. 1
- the total capacitance of the capacitors 4a to 4f) and the minimum resolution of the capacitance need to be considerably reduced.
- the tuning circuit 1 when the inductance of the receiving antenna 2 is 2 O m H and the tuning frequency of the tuning circuit is 77.5 KHz, which is the highest transmission frequency of the standard radio, the capacitor 4 a
- the total capacitance of ⁇ 4 f is around 200 pF, and the minimum resolution needs to be around 1 pF.
- the tuning device of the present invention reduces the stray capacitance and the parasitic capacitance inside the tuning IC 3 as described above. Since it can be reduced to the minimum, it is possible to form a sufficiently tuned circuit even if the inductance of the receiving antenna 2 is 2 OmH or more.
- the radio-controlled timepiece according to the third embodiment of the present invention uses the metal exterior 41 that is resistant to damage to the exterior, has excellent waterproof properties, and can have a high-class appearance. Therefore, the effect is great in improving the quality of the radio-controlled watch 40 as a product.
- the radio-controlled timepiece 40 of the present invention controls the tuning circuit 1 to vary the tuning frequency, and realizes optimal tuning frequency adjustment for the target standard radio wave.
- the present invention can be applied as a standard radio wave selecting means for arbitrarily selecting a plurality of standard radio waves having different transmission frequencies.
- the frequency of the tuning IC 3 can be received according to the transmission frequency of the intended standard radio wave. This makes it possible to easily realize a multi-channel compatible radio-controlled timepiece that arbitrarily selects and receives a plurality of standard radio waves.
- FIG. 21 is a circuit block diagram of a radio-controlled timepiece that executes an example of a method of correcting the time information of the radio-controlled timepiece according to the present invention.
- reference numeral 1 denotes a tuning circuit 1 as a receiving means including a receiving antenna 2 and a tuning IC circuit 3, which tunes to a receiving antenna 2 for receiving a standard radio wave and the receiving antenna 2.
- a tuning IC circuit 3 comprising a capacitor for selectively receiving the standard radio wave, and the receiving IC 51 included in the control unit 50 includes an appropriate amplifying circuit, a filter circuit, and
- It is composed of a detection circuit and the like.
- the receiving circuit 51 receives the weak standard radio wave received by the receiving antenna 2 and the tuning IC 3, performs amplification and detection, and outputs a digitized demodulated signal P 11.
- 52a is a decoder circuit as a decoding means, which receives the demodulated signal P11 and inputs the time and information format of the demodulated signal P11 by the decoding algorithm stored in the internal storage means 53. And outputs standard time data P52 as time information such as seconds, minutes, hours, and days, and a reception information signal P53 as reception information having a reception success / failure flag and a reception processing period flag.
- the decoder circuit 52a digitally processes noise components and the like mixed into the demodulated signal P11, quantifies the reception level of the received standard radio wave, and outputs a reception level signal P54 as reception level information.
- I do. 5 2b is an arithmetic circuit as arithmetic means, which receives the received information signal P 53 and the received level signal P 54 and encodes the transmitting station of the received standard radio wave, and codes the success or failure of the reception. , And performs arithmetic processing such as timing of reception processing time and encoding of reception level information, and outputs the result as reception information data P55.
- Reference numeral 53 denotes a memory circuit as storage means, which stores the reception status of each transmitting station which has received and received the reception information data P55 as coded reception history information.
- reception order determination circuit is a reception order determination circuit as reception order determination means, and a memory circuit 5 3 c
- the reception history information stored in the receiving station is input via the reception information data P55, the reception order of the transmitting station to receive is determined, and the reception order data P56 is output.
- Reference numeral 52d denotes a control circuit as control means, which inputs standard time data P52 and outputs time setting data P57.
- control circuit 52d receives the reception information data P55 and the reception order data P56, and outputs a selection signal P58 for selecting a priority transmission station. Further, the control circuit 52d receives the reception information signal P53 and determines the success or failure of the reception operation based on the reception success / failure flag. Also, the control circuit 52d receives the information '' P55 and the reception order data P56, which are to be received from the transmitting station received last time or from the reception order determined by the reception order determination means. A transmitting station indicating signal P59 indicating the transmitting station of priority or the transmitting station currently receiving is output.
- the tuning IC 3 of the tuning circuit 1, the receiving IC circuit 51, and the decoder circuit 52a receive the selection signal P58 from the control circuit 52d.
- the tuning IC 3 switches the internal capacitor (not shown) by the selection signal P58, and changes the tuning frequency with the receiving antenna 2 to select the standard radio wave to be received.
- the receiving IC circuit 51 switches circuit constants of an internal filter circuit (not shown), a detection circuit (not shown), and the like according to the selection signal P 58, and is selectively provided by the receiving antenna 2 and the tuning IC 3. Amplifies and detects weak received standard radio waves.
- the decoder circuit 52a switches the above-described internal decoding algorithm in accordance with the selection signal P58, and decodes the time information format of the received standard radio wave.
- Reference numeral 54 denotes a reference signal source having a crystal oscillator (not shown) therein, and outputs a reference signal “P13.”
- Reference numeral 52 denotes a timekeeping circuit as timekeeping means. Input and set the accurate time information obtained from the standard time signal, and measure the time with the reference signal P 13, and output the time display signal P 61.
- the display unit 42 includes a second hand, a minute hand, an hour hand, a date display unit, and the like as described above.
- the display unit 42 has a mechanical transmission mechanism such as a motor and a train wheel (not shown). Is displayed. Further, the display section 42 receives the transmission station display signal P59 as necessary, and receives the signal based on the transmission station received last time or the reception order determined by the reception order determination circuit 52c. Priority transmitting station or currently receiving One of the transmitting stations is indicated by the second hand, minute hand, etc.
- the transmitting station may be digitally displayed using a small liquid crystal panel or the like instead of the second hand and the minute hand.
- Reference numeral 5 denotes a power supply, which comprises a primary battery or a secondary battery, and supplies power to each circuit block via a power supply line (not shown).
- the decoder circuit 52a, the arithmetic circuit 52b, the reception order determination circuit 52c, the control circuit 52d, and the timekeeping circuit 52e which are greatly enclosed by a broken line, are a single chip microcontroller.
- the present invention is not limited to the configuration of the embodiment shown in FIG. 21 since it can be configured by a computer and each function can be realized by firmware.
- the memory circuit 53 is shown as being formed inside the control section 50, it may be formed outside the control section 50.
- the reception level signal P54 representing the reception level information of the standard radio wave is generated by digital processing by the decoder circuit 21.
- the present invention is not limited to this method. It may be generated by analog processing based on the electric field strength or the like of the received standard radio wave.
- the control circuit 52d executes an initialization process to initialize each circuit block.
- the timer circuit 52 e is initialized to AM 00: 00: 00, and the second hand, minute hand, and hour hand of the display section 42 are set to the reference position AM 0 by the time display signal P 61. Move to 0: 0 00: 0 00.
- the date display also moves to the reference position.
- the timing circuit 52e starts timing with the reference signal P13 from the reference signal source 54, and the display 42 starts the hand movement with the time display signal P61 from the timing circuit 52e. I do.
- control circuit 52 d sequentially outputs the selection signal P 58
- tuning circuit 1 receives the selection signal P 58 and switches the tuning frequency to be received
- the decoder circuit 52 a also outputs the selection signal P 58.
- the tuning circuit 1 finds a receivable standard wave as a result of searching for a standard wave, it outputs a demodulated signal PI1, and the decoder circuit 52a follows the selected decoding algorithm.
- This demodulated signal PI1 is decoded, and if all of the demodulated signal P11 is successfully decoded, standard time data P52, a reception information signal P53, and a reception level signal P54 are output.
- the demodulated signal P 11 obtained by demodulating the standard radio wave includes all time information in the period 1 of one minute, the time required for decoding the time information is one minute.
- the decoding algorithm of the decoder circuit 52a desirably completes reception when decoding of the demodulated signal P11 is performed twice consecutively in order to improve decoding accuracy.
- the required reception processing time is a minimum of 2 minutes.
- the decoder circuit 52a may not be able to complete decoding due to the mixing of noise components in the standard radio wave or a decrease in electric field strength, etc., which may result in a decoding error. In this case, decoding may be performed every minute. The operation is repeated many times to complete reception.
- the decoding algorithm of the decoder circuit 52a sets a limit on the reception processing time required for completion of reception, and if the decoding operation is repeated many times and the reception processing time exceeds the limit, the reception is regarded as unsuccessful and the standard The radio wave receiving operation ends.
- the length of the reception processing time for decoding the demodulated signal P11 can be an important factor for grasping the presence / absence of a noise component of the received standard radio wave and the fluctuation of the electric field strength.
- time setting data P57 consisting of, minute data, hour data, day data and the like.
- the timekeeping circuit 52e inputs the time setting data P57 and sets it as time information, and continues timekeeping based on the time information.
- the arithmetic circuit 52b receives the reception information signal P53 and the reception level signal P54 from the decoder circuit 52a, calculates the above-described reception processing time and the like, and converts the reception information data P55. Then, the memory circuit 53 inputs the reception information data P55 and stores it as reception history information of the transmitting station that has received and received.
- FIG. 22 shows an example of the reception history information of the transmitting station that has been stored in the memory circuit 53 by the reception information data P55. That is, the reception history information of the N received transmission stations can be stored in the memory circuit 53, and the reception history information required for decoding the received transmission station name and the demodulated signal P11 as shown in the figure. It consists of the reception processing time and the reception level of the standard radio wave. Also, the reception information of the transmitting station received first is stored in address 1, but if the reception information of the transmitting station received next is stored, the reception information of the previously received transmitting station is stored. The added address is incremented by one and the address is shifted to address 2, and the reception information of the newly received transmitting station is always stored in address 1. If the number of received transmitting stations exceeds N, the (N + 1) th received information may be deleted, and N is an arbitrary value according to the storage capacity of the memory circuit 22. You can choose.
- the number of transmitting stations that performed reception in Fig. 22 is 12 as an example, and the transmitting stations are JJY Fukushima station (Japan), JJY Kyushu station (Japan), DCF77 (Germany), WWV B (United States).
- the reception information of the oldest receiving transmitting station is stored in the address 12, and the receiving information of the newest receiving transmitting station is stored in the address 1 as described above.
- Address 4 shows an example of unsuccessful reception.
- the column of the transmitting station that received address 4 stores the reception error code, and the reception processing time and reception level may be blank.
- the reception history information stored in the memory circuit 53 is actually coded data.
- the resistance value of the resistor used in the amplification circuit connected to the receiving circuit and the impedance of the tuning capacitor provided in the tuning device are used.
- the relationship was also found to be an important factor, as was the relationship between the ON resistance or OFF resistance of the semiconductor switch and the impedance of the tuning capacitor described above. It is desirable that the resistance value of the resistor used in the amplifier circuit is set to be larger than the impedance of the tuning capacitor provided in the tuning device. That is, in this specific example, the resistance value of the resistor used in the amplifier connected to the receiving circuit is the impedance of the capacitor connected in series with the resistor used in the amplifier. It is set to be larger than desired.
- the resistance value of the resistor used in the amplifier circuit is set to be at least 10 times the impedance of the tuning capacitor provided in the tuning device.
- the following describes the tuning circuit 1 of the present invention and the inside of the receiving IC 51 of the radio-controlled clock 40.
- FIG. 8 (a) is a schematic circuit diagram of the tuning circuit 1 and the amplifier circuit 80 of the receiving IC 51
- FIG. 8 (b) is an equivalent circuit thereof
- FIG. 8 (C) is the tuning circuit 1 and the receiving IC 5
- FIG. 9 is a schematic circuit diagram of one other amplifier circuit 90.
- reference numeral 70 denotes a tuning circuit schematically showing a part of the tuning circuit 1 of the present invention
- reference numeral 71 denotes a receiving antenna
- reference numeral 72 denotes a capacitor connected to the receiving antenna 71.
- Reference numeral 73 denotes a resistor representing the ON resistance or the OFF resistance of the semiconductor switch that opens and closes the capacitor 72.
- 80 is a first-stage amplifier circuit inside the receiving IC 51 of the radio-controlled timepiece of the present invention
- 81 is a P-channel MOS transistor (hereinafter abbreviated as P-Tr)
- 82 is N-T r
- the P—Tr 81 and ⁇ —Tr 82 form an amplifier circuit having a C-MOS structure.
- Reference numeral 83 denotes a bias resistor that receives a constant voltage source 84 and supplies a bias voltage to the gate terminal G of P—Tr 81.
- Reference numeral 85 denotes a gate terminal G and a drain terminal D of N—Tr 82. Is a feedback resistance.
- 86 and 87 are coupling capacitors for inputting the tuning signal P10 from the tuning circuit 70.
- FIG. 8 (a) when a standard radio wave (not shown) arrives at the receiving antenna 71, the standard radio wave is selected by the resonance phenomenon between the receiving antenna 71 and the capacitor 72, and an electromotive force is generated.
- the tuning signal P 10 is output.
- the amplifier circuit 80 receives the tuning signal P10 and supplies it to the gate terminals G of P-Tr81 and NTr82 via the coupling capacitors 86 and 87 to amplify and output. Outputs signal P15.
- FIG. 8 (a) when a standard radio wave (not shown) arrives at the receiving antenna 71, the standard radio wave is selected by the resonance phenomenon between the receiving antenna 71 and the capacitor 72, and an electromotive force is generated.
- the tuning signal P 10 is output.
- the amplifier circuit 80 receives the tuning signal P10 and supplies it to the gate terminals G of P-Tr81 and NTr82 via the coupling capacitors 86 and 87 to amplify and output.
- Outputs signal P15 Here, an equivalent circuit
- 80a is an equivalent circuit of the amplifier circuit 80, and the equivalent circuit 80a has a coupling capacitor 86 and a bias resistor 83 connected in series.
- This is a circuit in which two series circuits in which feedback resistors 85 are connected in series are connected in parallel.
- the equivalent circuit 80a is connected to the tuning circuit 70 by the tuning signal P10, depending on the circuit constant of the equivalent circuit 80a, the capacitor 72 of the tuning circuit 70 and the cup link capacitors 86, 87 Are connected in parallel.As a result, the tuning frequency of the tuning circuit 70 shifts, and the standard There is a problem that the wave frequency cannot be received correctly.
- the bias resistance 83 and the feedback resistor 85 should be higher than the impedance of the coupling capacitors 86 and 87.
- the impedance ratio between the bias resistor 83 and the feedback resistor 85 and the coupling capacitors 86 and 87 be as large as possible.
- the amplifier circuit 80 is composed of P-Tr81 and N-Tr82, which are MOS type transistors, the input impedance is high and suitable as an amplifier circuit.
- the input impedance of the amplifier circuit 80 is determined by the bias resistor 83 and the feedback resistor 85. Therefore, when using a metal exterior for the radio-controlled timepiece, it is preferable to increase the resistance values of the bias resistor 83 and the feedback resistor 85 as much as possible.
- FIG. 8 (C) 90 is the receiving IC 51 of the radio-controlled timepiece of the present invention. It is the first stage amplifier circuit inside, 9 1 is a ⁇ , 9 2 is 1 ⁇ ⁇ 1: 9, and 9 3 is a P-Tr 9 1 and N-Tr 9 2 It is a feedback resistor that connects the gate terminal G and the drain terminal D.
- the tuning circuit 70 is the same as that shown in FIG.
- the amplifying circuit 90 does not have the coupling capacitors 86 and 87 which were in the amplifying circuit 80, and directly tunes the tuning signal P10 to the P-Tr91 and N_Tr92. Input to terminal G for amplification.
- the input impedance of the amplifier circuit 90 depends on the feedback resistor 93.Equivalently, the feedback resistor 93 is connected in parallel to the tuning circuit 70. Become. Therefore, when the resistance value of the feedback resistor 93 is small, the loss of the tuning circuit 70 is increased, so that Q is reduced. As a result, the antenna gain is reduced and the selectivity is also reduced. For this reason, it is preferable that the feedback resistor 93 is about 10 times or more larger than the impedance of the capacitor 72 of the tuning circuit 70. As described above, the antenna gain and Q of the tuning device can be improved by considering the circuit configuration and circuit constants of the receiving IC connected to the tuning circuit 70, and a higher performance tuning device can be realized.
- a radio-controlled timepiece using the same can be provided.
- the present inventors have conducted an additional experiment on the relationship between the resistance value (feedback resistance and the like) used in the above-described amplifier circuit and the impedance of the tuning capacitor used in the antenna, and will be described below.
- the experimental circuit used in this experiment was a circuit as shown in Fig. 23.
- the antenna had an L value of 102mH
- the tuning capacitor was 66pF
- the amplification circuit resistance was 200K ⁇ when the resonance frequency was set to 61KHz.
- the graph in Fig. 24 shows the attenuation ratio from the gain and the impedance ratio with the capacitor when there is no amplifier circuit resistance (when OPEN) when the resistance is varied to 33 M ⁇ .
- the resistance / capacitor impedance ratio is 8.36 or less, the steepest slope occurs. Further, it is preferable that the resistance / capacitor impedance ratio, which has a more gentle slope, is 25.34 (about 25) or more. t Corrected paper cs3 ⁇ 49i) More preferably, it is desirable that the resistance / capacitor impedance ratio having a gentler slope is 172 (about 170) or more.
- the tuning device is an embodiment in which the tuning circuit 1 according to the first embodiment of the present invention is incorporated in a radio-controlled timepiece 40, but is not limited thereto.
- the tuning device 30 according to the second embodiment of the present invention may be incorporated to configure a radio wave correction clock.
- the display unit 3 employs the analog display system.
- the present invention is not limited to this, and the display unit 3 may employ a digital display system using digital display such as an LCD.
- a radio-controlled timepiece with a combined display of analog and digital may be used.
- reference numeral 100 denotes a tuning device having a built-in storage circuit 53 for storing tuning control information.
- the microcomputer 52 outputs the address signal P 16 to the storage circuit 53 built in the tuning circuit 100.
- the storage circuit 53 receives the address signal P16, reads out the tuning control information stored therein based on the address signal P16, and outputs the tuning data P12.
- the tuning IC 1001 of the tuning circuit 100 has a conversion circuit (not shown) therein, and the conversion circuit inputs the tuning data P12 and outputs a clock signal for outputting a pulse according to the data.
- the tuning frequency is adjusted by switching multiple capacitors built into the tuning IC 101, and the standard wave is received.
- the other operations as the radio-controlled timepiece are the same as in the third embodiment, and will not be described.
- the storage circuit 53 is arranged outside the tuning IC 101, but is not limited to this.
- the storage circuit 53 is built in the tuning IC 101, and the tuning IC 10 1 may be constituted by one chip.
- the storage circuit 53 is a flash memory or other non-volatile memory that can be rewritten and is easy to use, but a low-cost fuse ROM or a printed circuit board (not shown) on which the tuning IC 101 is mounted. It may be a pattern cutting means for processing the above conductive pattern.
- the fourth embodiment of the present invention like the third embodiment, not only realizes adjustment of the tuning frequency optimally for the standard radio wave, but also selects a plurality of standard radio waves having different transmission frequencies. Can be applied as standard radio wave selection means It is.
- the radio-controlled clock is controlled.
- the functions of the control unit 50 and the tuning circuit 100 that receives the standard radio wave can be clearly separated, and the adjustment process of the tuning circuit can be simplified and the cost can be reduced. That is, the inductance of the receiving antenna 2 has individual differences due to manufacturing variations, and a plurality of capacitors incorporated in the tuning IC 101 also have individual differences due to manufacturing variations in IC.
- the tuning circuit 100 if the tuning circuit 100 has a built-in memory circuit 53 for storing different tuning control information for each tuning circuit 100, the tuning circuit 100
- the adjustment process of 0 can be simplified, the number of adjustment steps can be shortened, and furthermore, the tuning circuit 100 and the control unit 50 can be managed individually, so that the process management becomes easy.
- the tuning device of the present invention is not limited to a radio-controlled timepiece, but can be widely applied to various electronic devices that transmit and receive radio waves.
- a tuning device of the present invention and a method of adjusting the antenna tuning of a radio-controlled timepiece using the same will be described.
- the capacitors are temporarily mounted on the tuning circuit, the tuning frequency is measured, and if the tuning frequency is shifted, mounting is performed.
- a time-consuming and labor-intensive adjustment method was adopted, in which the removed capacitor was removed, and a capacitor with a different capacitance was re-mounted and the tuning frequency was measured.
- the tuning device of the present invention and the radio-controlled timepiece using the same can adjust the antenna tuning in a short time and automatically.
- the radio-controlled timepiece according to the present invention has a test mode in which the tuning frequency can be changed by external operation means provided outside the radio-controlled timepiece. .
- FIG. 10 is a principle diagram showing an antenna tuning adjustment method of the radio-controlled timepiece
- FIG. 10 (a) is a principle diagram showing a contact type antenna tuning adjustment method
- FIG. 10 (b) is a principle diagram showing a non-contact type antenna tuning adjustment method.
- reference numeral 40a denotes a radio-controlled timepiece similar to the third and fourth embodiments of the present invention, which has the tuning circuit 1 and the control unit 50 as described above. 1 has a receiving antenna 2 and a tuning IC 3.
- the radio-controlled timepiece 40a includes an interface circuit (hereinafter abbreviated as IZF circuit) 110 as a means for transmitting control information from the outside.
- An automatic adjustment device 111 automatically adjusts the antenna tuning of the radio-controlled timepiece 40a.
- Reference numeral 1 12 denotes an excitation air-core coil, which is driven by AC signals P 20 a and P 20 b output from the automatic adjustment device 111 and outputs an AC magnetic field 113.
- P21 is a control signal output from the automatic adjustment device 111, and is input to the control unit 50 via the IZF circuit 110.
- the excitation air core coil 112 is arranged close to the receiving antenna 2 of the radio-controlled timepiece 40a.
- the automatic adjusting device 1 1 1 1 outputs AC signals P 20 a and P 20 b to drive the excitation air core coil 1 12.
- the AC signals P 20a and P 20b of 60 KHz are output.
- the automatic adjustment device 111 outputs the control signal P 21 to operate the control unit 50 via the IZF circuit 110, and the control unit 50 sends a clock to the tuning IC 3 according to the control signal P 21.
- Outputs signal P 8 sequentially.
- the tuning IC 3 receives the clock signal P8, sequentially switches the built-in capacitors according to the number of pulses of the clock signal P8, and varies the tuning frequency.
- receiving antenna 2 receives AC magnetic field 113 from exciting air core coil 112, induces electromotive force by electromagnetic induction, and outputs antenna signals P6 and P7.
- the tuning IC 3 receives the antenna signals P6 and P7 and outputs a tuning signal P10.
- the frequency of the AC signals P20a and P20b matches the tuning frequency of the receiving antenna 2 and the capacitor built in the tuning IC 3
- the signal level of the tuning signal P 10 increases and reaches a peak.
- the automatic adjustment device 111 receives the tuning signal P10, amplifies the signal internally, measures the amplified tuning signal P10 using an AC voltmeter, and stores it internally as the antenna output of the receiving antenna 2.
- FIG. 11 is an antenna output characteristic diagram obtained by measuring and plotting the antenna output that changes according to the number of pulses of the clock signal P8 by the automatic adjustment device 111.
- the antenna output that is, the signal level of the tuning signal P10
- the antenna output increases.
- the antenna output reaches its maximum when the number is around 28, and thereafter, the antenna output decreases again as the number of pulses increases. That is, from the antenna output characteristics in FIG.
- the tuning frequency near the pulse number of 28 coincides with and tunes to the frequencies of the AC signals P 20 a and P 20 b.
- the number of pulses at which the antenna output has peaked is stored as tuning control information in the control unit 50 or a storage circuit incorporated in the tuning circuit 1, and the tuning circuit 1 transmits the number of pulses to the standard radio wave.
- set the frequency of the alternating signals P20a and P20b to the same frequency as each of the standard radio waves, perform the same measurement, and determine the peak point of the antenna output. If the corresponding pulse numbers are stored, multiple standard radio waves can be arbitrarily received.
- the peak point of the antenna output may be gentle and it may be difficult to find the peak point.
- the rising slope (K1) and the falling slope (K2) of the antenna output are calculated by the microcomputer in the automatic adjustment device 111, and the two slopes are calculated.
- the peak point may be predicted and tuned by a computer program, such as using the intersection of K1 and K2 as the peak point of the antenna output.
- the tuning of the antenna of the radio-controlled timepiece can be adjusted by the excitation air core coil 1 and the automatic adjustment device 1 1 1. And the number of adjustment steps can be reduced.
- FIG. 10 (b) The principle of the contact-type antenna tuning adjustment method shown in Fig. 10 (a) The same elements as those in the drawings are denoted by the same reference numerals, and redundant description will be omitted.
- reference numeral 115 denotes an air core coil for detection, which is arranged close to the receiving antenna 2.
- P22a and P22b are detection signals induced in the detection air core coil 115, and are input to the automatic adjustment device 111.
- Reference numeral 116 denotes a wireless iZF circuit incorporated in the radio-controlled timepiece 40a, which receives the wireless control signal P23 output from the automatic adjustment device 111 via infrared or minute power radio. The control information is transmitted to the control unit 50.
- the external operation means used when executing the test mode in the present invention include a non-contact type operation method, and further, the non-contact type operation method uses wireless or infrared rays. Is also a preferred specific example.
- a non-contact antenna tuning adjustment method will be described with reference to FIG. 10 (b).
- the automatic tuning device 1 1 1 1 outputs the AC signals P 2 0 a and P 2 0 b to change the excitation air core coil 1 1 2.
- the receiving antenna 2 receives an AC magnetic field 113 from the exciting air core coil 112, induces electromotive force by electromagnetic induction, and outputs antenna signals P6 and P7.
- An AC magnetic field 1 17 is generated from the receiving antenna 2 by the antenna signals P 6 and P 7 induced in 2.
- the detection air core coil 115 adjacent to the receiving antenna 2 receives the AC magnetic field 117 to induce electromotive force by electromagnetic induction, and outputs detection signals P22a and P22b.
- the automatic adjustment device 111 receives the detection signals P22a and P22b and amplifies them internally, and converts the amplified detection signals P22a and P22b into an AC voltmeter. And store it as the antenna output of the receiving antenna 2.
- the switching control of the capacitor incorporated in the tuning IC 3 is sequentially performed by the wireless control signal P 23 output from the automatic adjusting device 111.
- the dynamic adjustment device 111 can obtain the same data as the antenna output characteristics shown in FIG. 11 and can determine the peak point of the antenna output. That is, according to this non-contact antenna tuning adjustment method, the antenna output can be detected by the detection air core coil 115, and the switching control of the capacitor for changing the tuning frequency of the tuning circuit is performed as follows. Since the control is performed by the wireless control signal P23, the antenna is completely non-contact with the radio-controlled clock 40a. The key can be adjusted.
- the antenna tuning can be adjusted without contact after the radio-controlled timepiece is installed on the exterior.
- the tuned frequency of a radio-controlled timepiece tends to shift due to a difference in stray capacitance before and after it is incorporated into the exterior. This is because the number deviation can be canceled, and more accurate antenna tuning can be realized.
- the ability to make adjustments in a non-contact manner can further simplify the adjustment process at the time of manufacturing the radio-controlled timepiece, and can further reduce the number of adjustment steps.
- the antenna tuning can be readjusted without opening the exterior. There is a great effect on tenancy.
- each tuning circuit 1 shown in each of the above specific examples is controlled, and the tuning circuit 1 is received.
- a radio-controlled timepiece comprising: a control means 6 having a receiving circuit unit for inputting a standard radio wave to correct time and a display means 42 for displaying time information from the control means 6.
- the radio-controlled timepiece includes a metal sheath made of a metal material, and the tuning circuit 1, the control means 6, and the display means 42
- the radio-controlled timepiece is characterized in that the inductance of the coil of the tuning circuit covered by the metal outer casing is 2 OmH or more. Also, by controlling the opening and closing of the plurality of semiconductor switches of the tuning circuit and varying the tuning frequency, it is possible to selectively receive any of a plurality of standard radio waves. It is a radio-controlled timepiece.
- the radio-controlled timepiece has tuning control information storage means for storing tuning control information for varying the tuning frequency of the tuning circuit.
- the tuning control information storage means is preferably provided inside the tuning circuit. Further, it is a specific example that the tuning control information storage means is preferably constituted by one selected from a pattern cut means, a fuse ROM, or a nonvolatile memory.
- the tuning frequency can be arbitrarily changed, and the tuning frequency can be varied in a wide and stable range. It is possible to provide a small, high-performance tuning circuit with excellent performance and a radio-controlled timepiece using it.
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Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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CN2004800053395A CN1754313B (zh) | 2003-05-20 | 2004-05-20 | 调谐设备及使用其的无线电控制时计 |
JP2005506395A JP4611892B2 (ja) | 2003-05-20 | 2004-05-20 | 電波修正腕時計、調整装置及び電波修正腕時計の調整システム |
EP04745352A EP1630960A4 (en) | 2003-05-20 | 2004-05-20 | TUNING DEVICE AND TIME COUNTER CORRECTED BY RADIO WAVES |
US10/549,456 US7583942B2 (en) | 2003-05-20 | 2004-05-20 | Tuning device and radio-wave corrected timepiece |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
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JP2003-141573 | 2003-05-20 | ||
JP2003141573 | 2003-05-20 |
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WO2004105240A1 WO2004105240A1 (ja) | 2004-12-02 |
WO2004105240A9 true WO2004105240A9 (ja) | 2005-07-07 |
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PCT/JP2004/007211 WO2004105240A1 (ja) | 2003-05-20 | 2004-05-20 | 同調装置及びそれを用いた電波修正時計 |
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US (1) | US7583942B2 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP1630960A4 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP4611892B2 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN1754313B (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2004105240A1 (ja) |
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DE102004018881B4 (de) * | 2004-04-15 | 2006-03-02 | Junghans Uhren Gmbh | Funkgesteuerte Armbanduhr mit Mitteln zum Dekodieren von Signalen von Zeitzeichensendern aus mehreren Zeitzonen |
JP2006177927A (ja) * | 2004-11-25 | 2006-07-06 | Seiko Instruments Inc | 電波修正時計 |
EP1852756B1 (en) * | 2005-02-24 | 2010-09-01 | Seiko Epson Corporation | Clock signal outputting device and its control method |
CN100412895C (zh) * | 2005-07-07 | 2008-08-20 | 上海坤锐电子科技有限公司 | 一种基于电容储能的自适应射频能量提取电路 |
JP2007081593A (ja) * | 2005-09-13 | 2007-03-29 | Neuro Solution Corp | 発振器、pll回路および受信機、送信機 |
JP4670573B2 (ja) * | 2005-10-06 | 2011-04-13 | 日立電線株式会社 | アンテナモジュール、無線装置および携帯無線端末 |
JP2007325083A (ja) * | 2006-06-02 | 2007-12-13 | Neuro Solution Corp | アンテナ入力同調回路 |
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-
2004
- 2004-05-20 EP EP04745352A patent/EP1630960A4/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2004-05-20 US US10/549,456 patent/US7583942B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2004-05-20 CN CN2004800053395A patent/CN1754313B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2004-05-20 WO PCT/JP2004/007211 patent/WO2004105240A1/ja not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2004-05-20 JP JP2005506395A patent/JP4611892B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
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JP4611892B2 (ja) | 2011-01-12 |
EP1630960A1 (en) | 2006-03-01 |
US20060176777A1 (en) | 2006-08-10 |
CN1754313B (zh) | 2010-06-09 |
US7583942B2 (en) | 2009-09-01 |
WO2004105240A1 (ja) | 2004-12-02 |
CN1754313A (zh) | 2006-03-29 |
EP1630960A4 (en) | 2006-07-26 |
JPWO2004105240A1 (ja) | 2006-07-20 |
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