WO2002092276A1 - Procede et dispositif d'usinage au laser de materiaux stratifies - Google Patents
Procede et dispositif d'usinage au laser de materiaux stratifies Download PDFInfo
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- WO2002092276A1 WO2002092276A1 PCT/JP2002/003150 JP0203150W WO02092276A1 WO 2002092276 A1 WO2002092276 A1 WO 2002092276A1 JP 0203150 W JP0203150 W JP 0203150W WO 02092276 A1 WO02092276 A1 WO 02092276A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- laser beam
- laser
- processing
- copper foil
- laminated
- Prior art date
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/02—Positioning or observing the workpiece, e.g. with respect to the point of impact; Aligning, aiming or focusing the laser beam
- B23K26/06—Shaping the laser beam, e.g. by masks or multi-focusing
- B23K26/062—Shaping the laser beam, e.g. by masks or multi-focusing by direct control of the laser beam
- B23K26/0622—Shaping the laser beam, e.g. by masks or multi-focusing by direct control of the laser beam by shaping pulses
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/08—Devices involving relative movement between laser beam and workpiece
- B23K26/082—Scanning systems, i.e. devices involving movement of the laser beam relative to the laser head
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/36—Removing material
- B23K26/38—Removing material by boring or cutting
- B23K26/382—Removing material by boring or cutting by boring
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/36—Removing material
- B23K26/40—Removing material taking account of the properties of the material involved
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/36—Removing material
- B23K26/40—Removing material taking account of the properties of the material involved
- B23K26/402—Removing material taking account of the properties of the material involved involving non-metallic material, e.g. isolators
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
- H05K3/00—Apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits
- H05K3/0011—Working of insulating substrates or insulating layers
- H05K3/0017—Etching of the substrate by chemical or physical means
- H05K3/0026—Etching of the substrate by chemical or physical means by laser ablation
- H05K3/0032—Etching of the substrate by chemical or physical means by laser ablation of organic insulating material
- H05K3/0038—Etching of the substrate by chemical or physical means by laser ablation of organic insulating material combined with laser drilling through a metal layer
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K2101/00—Articles made by soldering, welding or cutting
- B23K2101/36—Electric or electronic devices
- B23K2101/42—Printed circuits
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K2103/00—Materials to be soldered, welded or cut
- B23K2103/08—Non-ferrous metals or alloys
- B23K2103/12—Copper or alloys thereof
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K2103/00—Materials to be soldered, welded or cut
- B23K2103/16—Composite materials, e.g. fibre reinforced
- B23K2103/166—Multilayered materials
- B23K2103/172—Multilayered materials wherein at least one of the layers is non-metallic
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K2103/00—Materials to be soldered, welded or cut
- B23K2103/30—Organic material
- B23K2103/42—Plastics
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K2103/00—Materials to be soldered, welded or cut
- B23K2103/50—Inorganic material, e.g. metals, not provided for in B23K2103/02 – B23K2103/26
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
- H05K1/00—Printed circuits
- H05K1/02—Details
- H05K1/03—Use of materials for the substrate
- H05K1/0313—Organic insulating material
- H05K1/0353—Organic insulating material consisting of two or more materials, e.g. two or more polymers, polymer + filler, + reinforcement
- H05K1/0366—Organic insulating material consisting of two or more materials, e.g. two or more polymers, polymer + filler, + reinforcement reinforced, e.g. by fibres, fabrics
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
- H05K2201/00—Indexing scheme relating to printed circuits covered by H05K1/00
- H05K2201/01—Dielectrics
- H05K2201/0104—Properties and characteristics in general
- H05K2201/0112—Absorbing light, e.g. dielectric layer with carbon filler for laser processing
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
- H05K2203/00—Indexing scheme relating to apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits covered by H05K3/00
- H05K2203/11—Treatments characterised by their effect, e.g. heating, cooling, roughening
- H05K2203/111—Preheating, e.g. before soldering
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method and an apparatus for laser processing a laminated material, and more particularly, to a method and an apparatus for performing drilling processing and groove processing by a laser beam on a laminated wiring board called a print substrate.
- the printed board 1 includes an insulating material 2, a copper foil 4 and a copper foil 6 attached to both surfaces of the insulating material 2.
- Insulation material 2 bundled 40 to 60 pieces of glass ⁇ 18 with a diameter of several / zm into one bundle! ⁇ Bundle (glass cloth) is formed by impregnating and curing an epoxy resin on a net of 10 woven.
- a through hole penetrating the printed circuit board 1 is used.
- a hole was formed by a drill, and copper was applied to the inner wall of the through hole to form a conductive layer.
- the hole diameter is less than ⁇ 200 m, the drill will be severely worn, the drill will be easily broken during drilling, and the processing speed will be extremely slow. There was a problem.
- the cross-section of the processed through-hole has a very large surface roughness of several tens of microns, making it difficult to form a uniform conductive layer on the cross-section by plating. there were.
- the above-mentioned problems also apply to a case where a blind via hole (a blind hole) is formed in the printed circuit board 1 or a groove is formed. If the copper foil 4 or glass cloth 10 of about 20 ⁇ protrudes into the blind hole or groove, or if the shape of the machined hole or groove becomes trapezoidal, etc., the inner wall of the blind hole or groove will There was a problem that a uniform film such as a conductive metal film could not be formed.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a multilayer wiring board having a desired hole shape when laser processing such as drilling or groove processing is performed without part of the laminated material protruding into the hole or groove. It is an object of the present invention to provide a laser processing method and apparatus that realize such highly reliable processing.
- a first laminated material laser processing method is a method for processing a laminated material in which one or more conductor layers and an insulating layer are laminated by a laser beam.
- a conductor layer is formed by irradiating a laser beam to the conductor layer to form a processing hole, and a laser beam is irradiated to the conductor layer in the processing hole following the conductor layer processing step. Irradiating a laser beam having a smaller beam diameter at the processing point than the the beam to process the insulating layer laminated on the conductor layer as described above.
- a second layered material laser processing method is a method of forming a through hole penetrating the layered material by irradiating a laser beam to a layered material in which at least one conductor layer and an insulating layer are stacked. is there.
- the surface layer of the laminated material on the side where the laser beam is emitted is a conductor layer.
- the method comprises forming a laser beam absorbing material on the surface layer, and forming a through hole through the laminated material.
- the laser beam absorbing material is a polymer material.
- the above-described second layered material laser processing method can be used in combination with the first layered material laser processing method.
- a third method for processing a laminated material laser is a method for performing a drilling process by irradiating a laser beam to a laminated material in which one or more conductor layers and an insulating layer are laminated.
- a processing step is performed by irradiating a laser beam to the heated portion in the heating step.
- the heating step is performed by irradiating a laser beam.
- the above-mentioned third layered material laser processing method can be used together with the first layered material laser processing method.
- the first layered material laser irradiation method further includes, before the conductor layer processing step, a heating step of preheating a portion of the conductor layer to be removed by processing.
- a portion heated by the heating step is irradiated with a laser beam to form a processed hole.
- the third laser processing method for a laminated material can be used together with the laser processing method for a second laminated material.
- the laser beam absorbing material is formed on the surface layer (conductor layer) of the laminated material on the side from which the laser beam is emitted, and is removed by the drilling process when the hole is formed in the conductor layer on which the laser beam is incident. After heating the portion in advance, the heated portion may be irradiated with a laser beam.
- the third layered material laser processing method can be used in combination with the first layered material laser processing method and the second laser processing method.
- a fourth layered material laser processing method is directed to a laminated material including a laminated portion including an insulating layer and two conductive layers sandwiching the insulating layer, wherein the conductive layer and the insulating layer are laminated.
- This is a method of irradiating a laser beam to form a through-hole penetrating the laminated portion.
- This method comprises: a first processing step of irradiating a first laser beam on a first conductor layer of the laminated portion to form a processing hole; and, after the first processing step, The beam diameter at the processing point of the first processing step is kept constant, and the second laser having a lower peak output than the first laser beam is formed in the processing hole formed by the first processing step.
- a peak output lower than the first laser beam and a peak output higher than the second laser beam is formed in the processed hole formed by the second processing step.
- a third processing step of processing the second conductor layer of the laminated portion is
- the fourth laser processing method for a laminated material can be used together with the laser processing method for the first laminated material.
- a processing hole is formed by irradiating the first laser beam to the first conductor layer, Next, the processing hole is irradiated with a second laser beam having a lower peak output than the first laser beam and a smaller beam diameter at a processing point than the first laser beam. Then, the insulating layer of the laminated portion is processed.
- the fourth laminated material laser processing method is the same as the second laminated material laser processing method. Can be used together with the processing method.
- the second conductor layer of the laminated portion is a surface layer of the laminated material, preferably, a laser is formed on the second conductor layer before the first processing step. Forming a beam absorbing material.
- the fourth laser processing method for a laminated material can be used together with the laser processing method for a third laminated material.
- the laser processing of the conductor layer of the laminated material is performed by the fourth laser processing method of the laminated material, a portion of the conductor layer of the laminated material which is removed by the processing is heated in advance. Then, the heated part may be irradiated with a laser beam.
- the fourth laminated material laser processing method includes the first laminated material laser processing method, the second laminated material laser processing method, and the third laminated material laser processing method. It can be used with any two of them or with all of them.
- a fifth laminated material laser processing method is directed to a laminated material in which a conductor layer and an insulating layer are laminated, including a laminated portion including an insulating layer and two conductor layers sandwiching the insulating layer. This is a method of irradiating a laser beam to form a through-hole penetrating the laminated portion.
- This method comprises: a first processing step of irradiating a first laser beam on a first conductor layer of the laminated portion to form a processing hole; and following the first processing step, A second processing step in which the power density is made smaller than that of the first processing step, and a second laser beam is irradiated to process the insulating layer of the laminated portion; and the second processing step Subsequently, the power density is lower than that of the first processing step, and the power density is higher than that of the second processing step, and the power density is formed by the second processing step.
- a third laser beam is irradiated to the processing hole to process the second conductor layer of the laminated portion.
- a sixth laminated material laser processing method is directed to a laminated material in which a conductor layer and an insulating layer are laminated, the laminated material including a laminated portion including an insulating layer and two conductor layers sandwiching the insulating layer. This is a method of irradiating a pulsed laser beam to form a through-hole penetrating the laminated portion.
- the method comprises the following steps: a first processing step of forming a processing hole by irradiating a first laser beam to a first conductor layer of the laminated portion, and a first processing step; The beam diameter at the processing point of the first processing step The peak power is lower than that of the first laser beam, and the second hole having a longer pulse width than that of the first laser beam is formed in the processing hole formed by the first processing step.
- the peak power is lower than that of the first laser beam, and the pulse width is longer than that of the first laser beam in the processing hole formed by the second processing step. Irradiating a third laser beam having a higher peak output than the second laser beam and a shorter pulse width than the second laser beam, and Second guide And a third processing step for processing the body layer.
- a laminated material laser processing apparatus is an apparatus that performs processing by irradiating a laminated material in which at least one conductor layer and an insulating layer are laminated with a laser beam.
- the apparatus includes a laser oscillator capable of emitting a plurality of pulsed laser beams having different peak outputs, an opening that allows a part of the laser beam emitted from the laser oscillator to pass, and a laser that passes through the opening.
- An optical path changing optical system for changing an optical path of a laser beam; an image forming lens for forming an image of the aperture; the laser oscillator; the opening; the optical path changing optical system; and the image forming lens
- a control unit for controlling the position and operation of. Further, the control unit changes the size of an image to be formed.
- the laminated material laser processing apparatus further includes an optical path length variable optical system that changes an optical path length in an optical path between the opening and the optical path changing optical system.
- the controller controls the variable optical path length optical system to change the distance between the aperture and the imaging lens.
- the laminated material laser processing apparatus further includes a reflection mirror in an optical path between the opening and the optical path changing optical system. Further, the control unit changes the shape of the reflection surface of the reflection mirror.
- control unit sets the reflection surface shape of the reflection mirror to a part of a rotating hyperboloid.
- the control unit controls a piezoelectric element mounted on the reflection mirror, thereby controlling the reflection mirror. Is made variable.
- control unit changes an opening diameter of the opening.
- control unit changes a focal length of the imaging lens.
- the laser processing method for a laminated material according to the present invention can prevent swelling in the through hole.
- the laser processing method for a laminated material according to the present invention it is possible to reduce the variation in the hole diameter of the copper foil which is the surface layer on the laser light incident side of the laminated material.
- the laser processing method for a laminated material according to the present invention it is possible to prevent the copper foil / glass cross in the through-hole from protruding.
- the laser processing method for a laminated material according to the present invention it is possible to reduce variations in the hole diameter of a copper foil which is a surface layer on the laser light emission side of the laminated material.
- the laminated material laser apparatus of the present invention it is possible to easily change the beam diameter of the laser beam, and to easily prevent swelling in the through hole.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram schematically illustrating steps of a laser processing method for a laminated material according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a graph illustrating a copper foil processing ability of a laser beam when a uniform surface of the copper foil is irradiated with one pulse of a laser beam having a different pulse width and one pulse energy.
- FIG. 3 is a diagram schematically showing the steps of a laser curling method for a laminated material according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
- FIG. 4 is a diagram schematically showing a laser processing apparatus for a laminated material according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 5 is a diagram schematically showing a continuously variable aperture diameter beam stop.
- FIG. 6 schematically shows a laser processing apparatus for a laminated material according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention.
- FIG. 7 is a diagram schematically showing a basic configuration of an imaging optical system.
- FIG. 8 is a diagram schematically showing a laser processing apparatus for a laminated material according to the fourth embodiment.
- FIG. 9 is a diagram schematically showing a basic configuration of an imaging optical system when a convex mirror and a concave mirror are used.
- FIG. 10 is a diagram schematically showing the difference in the manner of reflection depending on the shape of the reflection surface of the reflection mirror.
- FIG. 11 is a diagram schematically showing a configuration of a reflecting surface shape variable reflecting mirror used in the laser processing apparatus of FIG.
- FIG. 12 is a diagram schematically showing a laser processing apparatus for a laminated material according to the fifth embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 13 is a diagram schematically showing the light condensing state by the aperture and the lens.
- FIG. 14 is a diagram schematically showing a laser processing apparatus for a laminated material according to the sixth embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 15 is a diagram schematically showing a configuration of a variable focal length transfer lens.
- FIG. 16 is a diagram schematically showing steps of a laser processing method for a laminated material according to the seventh embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 17 is a diagram schematically illustrating steps of a laser processing method for a laminated material according to the eighth embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 18 is a graph showing the temperature dependence of the carbon dioxide laser absorption rate of copper.
- FIG. 19 is a diagram schematically showing a cross section of the printed circuit board.
- FIG. 20 is a diagram schematically showing a conventional through-hole forming process by laser processing.
- FIG. 21 is a diagram schematically showing a cross section of a through hole formed by conventional laser processing.
- FIG. 1 schematically shows steps of a laser processing method for a laminated material according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
- the laminated material is a laminated wiring substrate, and is called a printed substrate.
- the printed circuit board 1 includes an insulating material (insulating layer) 2, a copper foil (conductive layer) 4 and a copper foil (conductive layer) 6 attached to both surfaces of the insulating material 2.
- the insulating material 2 is a glass epoxy resin, which is obtained by bundling 40 to 60 glass fibers having a diameter of several ⁇ into a single bundle and woven in a mesh form into an epoxy resin. Is formed by impregnation and curing. In the process shown in Fig.
- a carbon dioxide gas laser is placed on a 0.4 mm thick double-sided copper-clad print substrate (glass epoxy substrate) 1 with copper foil 4 and copper foil 6 having a thickness of 1 2 // m.
- the through-hole 14 is formed by irradiating the pulsed laser beam.
- the copper foil 4 is irradiated with a laser beam 20 condensed to ⁇ 120 / m to form a processing hole 22 on the surface of the copper foil 4.
- the pulse ON time (pulse width) of the laser beam was set to 3 S
- the laser energy of one pulse was set to 24 mJ
- one pulse of the laser beam was applied to the surface of the copper foil 4.
- the focused diameter of the laser beam (the laser beam diameter at the processing point) is fixed to ⁇ 120 m.
- the laser beam pulse ON time is set to 100 s, the laser energy of one pulse is set to 100 mJ, and the laser beam is irradiated for four pulses at the same position as the machining hole 22.
- the pulse ON time of the laser beam is set at 40 jus, the laser energy of one pulse is set at 8 mJ, and the laser beam is irradiated with one pulse to process the copper foil 6.
- a through hole 14 of 100 / im is formed in the printed circuit board 1.
- the hole diameter hardly changes, and the direction of the center axis of the hole matches the optical axis direction of the laser beam.
- the protrusion of the copper foil 4 on the laser beam incident side and the copper foil 6 on the laser beam output side into the hole is 5 / m or less, and the protrusion of the glass cloth 10 into the hole is almost all. It turns out that it doesn't exist.
- drilling is performed by another different process using the same printed circuit board, power and the same type of laser beam.
- the focused diameter of the laser beam applied to the copper foil 4, the insulating material 2, and the copper foil 6 is fixed at 120 ⁇ .
- the laser beam was set to the condition that the copper foil 4 was processed in Fig. 1 (pulse ON time of the laser beam was 3 s and laser energy of one pulse was 24 mJ). Irradiate one pulse. Then, at the same position, the pulse ON time of the laser beam is set to 100 / s, the laser energy of one pulse is set to 1 OmJ, and five pulses of the laser beam are irradiated. Through this step, a through hole 14 is formed in the printed circuit board 1. When the cross section of the through-hole 14 was observed with a microscope, it was found that the copper foil 6 on the laser beam emission side protruded into the through-hole 14 by about 20 ⁇ .
- the laser beam was set to the condition that the copper foil 4 was processed in Fig. 1 (the laser beam pulse ⁇ ⁇ time was 3 // s, and the laser energy of one pulse was 24 mJ).
- the printed circuit board 1 is irradiated continuously for 5 pulses. Through this step, a through hole 14 is formed in the printed circuit board 1.
- the shape of the through-hole 14 is a medium swelling shape, and further, the copper foil 4 on the laser light incident side and the emission of the laser light The copper foil 6 on the side and the glass cloth 10 protruded about 20 // m.
- the laser beam was set to the conditions (FIG. 1) for processing the copper foil 4 (the pulse ON time of the laser beam was 3 s, and the laser energy of one pulse was 24 mJ). Irradiate one pulse. Then, at the same position, the laser beam pulse ON time is set to 100 // s, the laser energy of one pulse is set to 10 mJ, and the laser beam is irradiated for four pulses. Further, at the same position, the laser beam pulse ON time is set to 3 ⁇ s, the laser energy per pulse is set to 24 mJ, and one pulse of the laser beam is irradiated. Through this step, a through hole 14 is formed in the printed circuit board 1.
- the laser beam was set to the condition that the copper foil 4 was processed in Fig. 1 (the laser beam pulse ON time was 3 s, and the laser energy of one pulse was 24 mJ). Irradiate one pulse. Then, at the same position, the pulse ON time of the laser beam is set to 1 ⁇ s, the laser energy of one pulse is set to 1 OmJ, and the laser beam is irradiated for 10 pulses. Through this step, a through hole 14 is formed in the printed circuit board 1. When the cross section of the through hole 14 is observed with a microscope, the shape of the through hole 14 is a medium swelling shape, and the copper foil 4 on the laser beam incident side and the copper foil on the laser beam emitting side are inside the through hole 14. 6, and the glass cloth protruded about 10m 20m.
- laser beam conditions when processing copper foil 4 pulse ON time of laser beam is 3 ⁇ s, laser energy of one pulse is 24 mJ
- processing of insulating material 2 Laser beam conditions (laser beam pulse ON time: 100 s, laser energy of one pulse: 10 mJ), and laser beam conditions when processing copper foil 6 (laser beam pulse ON time: The laser energy of 40 ⁇ s, 1 pulse is 8mJ) is different.
- the peak output of the laser beam when processing each material is calculated using the following equation (1).
- Peak output 1 pulse energy Z pulse ON time (Panoreth width) (1) According to this, the peak power (8 kW) of the laser beam when processing the copper foil 4 is the laser when processing the insulating material 2.
- the peak power of the beam (100 W) and the peak power of the laser beam when processing copper foil 6 (200 W) are higher than the peak power of the laser beam when processing copper foil 6 (200 W). Higher than the peak power (100W) of the laser beam when processing steel.
- the pulse width (3 s) of the laser beam when processing the copper foil 4 depends on the pulse width ( ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ s) of the laser beam when processing the insulating material 2 and the laser beam when processing the copper foil 6. It is shorter than the pulse width of the beam (40 / zs), and the pulse width of the laser beam (40 ⁇ s) when processing the copper foil 6 is the pulse width of the laser beam when processing the insulating material 2. Shorter than the width (100 / xs).
- the setting of the peak power and the pulse width of the laser beam will be described in detail.
- the most important parameter that determines the processing state of the workpiece in the laser beam is the power density of the laser beam, and is expressed by the following equation (2).
- Power density peak output of laser beam / condensing diameter of laser beam (2) Normally, the value of this power density should be considered, but the laser processing method according to this embodiment and the comparative experiment In the laser processing method, the focused diameter of the laser beam to be irradiated is kept constant ( ⁇ 120 ⁇ ), so the peak output value is considered.
- FIG. 2 is a graph illustrating the copper foil processing capability of a laser beam when a uniform surface of the copper foil is irradiated with one pulse of a laser beam with different pulse width and energy per pulse with the same focusing diameter. .
- the horizontal axis of the graph indicates the pulse width of the laser beam, and the vertical axis indicates the energy of the laser beam.
- the pulse width An X is marked at the intersection of the value and its energy value.
- a laser beam obtained by processing the copper foil 4 by the laser processing method according to the present embodiment (the laser beam pulse ON time is 3 s, the laser power is 1 m, and the laser energy is 24 m J) Has a peak power (8 kW) high enough to penetrate a copper foil with a thickness of 18 / m, and a copper foil with a thickness of 12 ⁇ used in the laser processing method according to the present embodiment. Can be processed sufficiently. That is, when the copper foil 4 is processed, the laser beam conditions marked with ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ in the graph of FIG. 2 (the peak output of the laser beam is about lkW or more) are required.
- the laser beam (the laser beam PANORES ON time was 40 ⁇ s and the laser energy of one PANORES was processed)
- the surface of copper foil 6 irradiated with the laser beam is a resin-side surface unlike copper foil 4.
- the surface on the resin side is roughened in order to improve the adhesion to the resin, and the carbon dioxide laser has a reflectance of 60% to 70%. This is lower than the reflectivity (approximately 99%) when the uniform surface of the copper foil 6 is irradiated with the carbon dioxide laser. Therefore, when processing the copper foil 6 in the laser processing method according to the present embodiment, a high peak output required for processing the copper foil 4 is not required.
- the copper foil 6 has a relatively high thermal conductivity and a high reflectivity due to the characteristics of the material copper, and is still a material difficult to be laser-processed. Therefore, in order to process the copper foil 6, a certain peak output is required. For example, in the first comparative experiment, when the copper foil 6 is irradiated with a laser beam having the same low peak output (100 W) as that at the time of processing the insulating material 2, the copper foil 6 Stick out.
- the removed matter is a resin or glass melted by irradiating a laser beam, a residue generated by burning the resin or glass, and the like.
- the removal generated during processing is confined inside the hole, so that laser light absorption, refraction and scattering power are more likely to occur than in processing near the surface. This phenomenon such as absorption becomes more remarkable as the power density of the laser beam increases.
- the resulting removal material makes the absorption, refraction and scattering of the laser light very likely.
- the laser light to be processed is refracted and scattered, and the power density is reduced.
- the epoxy resin is easier to process than the glass cloth 10
- the laser beam having the reduced power density processes only the epoxy resin on the inner wall of the through hole 14.
- the projection of the glass cloth 10 occurs in the through hole 14.
- a laser beam having the same peak power (10 kW) or more (8 kW) as when processing the copper foil 4 was used. When irradiated, the glass cloth 10 protrudes.
- the peak output of the laser beam is made lower than the peak output of the laser beam when processing the copper foil 4. Therefore, the power density when processing the insulating material 2 and the copper foil 6 is smaller than the power density when processing the copper foil 4, and suppresses the absorption, refraction, and scattering of laser light by the removed material. it can. Therefore, glass cloth 10 or Copper foil 6 force Can be prevented from protruding into through hole 14.
- laser beam conditions for processing the insulating material 2 will be described in relation to the shape of the through hole 14.
- a processing hole 22 is formed in the copper foil 4 and then the same position is irradiated with a laser beam
- laser beam diffraction occurs in the processing hole 22 of the copper foil 4. Due to this diffraction phenomenon, the laser beam that has passed through the copper foil 4 spreads at a certain angle. The diffraction angle is proportional to the laser wavelength and inversely proportional to the diameter of the hole 22.
- the laser light that has passed through the processing hole 22 of the copper foil 4 spreads by diffraction, and the power density decreases.
- the minimum power density of laser light that can process copper foil 4 is significantly larger than the minimum power density that can process resin and glass cloth 10. If a high peak power laser beam is used for processing resin or glass cloth 10 as well as the laser beam used for processing copper foil 4, the laser spread through the processing hole 22 of copper foil 4. Since the light has a sufficient power density to process the resin or the glass cloth 10, the processed through hole 14 has a medium bulging shape. For example, in the second and fourth comparative experiments, when processing resin or glass cloth 10, the same peak power (10 kW) or more (8 kW) as when applying copper foil 4 was applied. When the laser beam is applied, the processed through hole 14 has a medium swelling shape.
- the laser beam having a low peak output is irradiated to reduce the density of the diffracted light. Or the minimum power density at which glass cloth 10 can be processed. As a result, it is possible to prevent the through hole 14 from being formed into a middle swelling shape.
- the laser beam diameter at the processing point is constant, and the power density is changed by changing the peak output of the laser beam.
- the power density can be changed even if the laser beam diameter at the processing point is made variable.
- the power density can be changed by changing the laser beam diameter at the processing point. For example, in order to reduce the power density when processing the insulating material 2, even if the insulating material 2 is irradiated with a laser beam having a larger beam diameter at the processing point than the laser beam irradiated on the copper foil 4, Good.
- the insulating material 2 is irradiated with a laser beam having a larger beam diameter at the processing point than the laser beam irradiated on the copper foil 4,
- the laser beam irradiated according to the ⁇ M rule of the processing hole 2 2 formed in the copper foil 4 is reflected by the copper foil 4, and the beam diameter of the laser beam irradiated on the insulating material 2 becomes smaller than the copper foil 4. It becomes equal to the laser beam diameter when processing. Therefore, even if the laser beam diameter at the processing point is made variable, it is possible to form a through hole 14 having a constant hole diameter in the cross section.
- the pulse width of the laser beam is equal to the irradiation time of the laser beam. Therefore, in the workpiece, the removal depth per pulse becomes smaller as the pulse width of the laser beam becomes shorter, and the removal depth per pulse becomes deeper as the pulse width of the laser beam becomes longer. Therefore, when the copper foil 4 is processed in the method according to the present embodiment, the pulse width of the laser beam is reduced to about 3 ⁇ s so that the copper foil 4 is not processed too deeply to reach the insulating material 2. shorten. Further, when processing the insulating material 2, the pulse width of the laser beam is increased to about 100 / zm in order to increase the removal depth per pulse and perform processing efficiently.
- the width of the laser beam is set to about 30 s to 50 ⁇ s. This is because, when the copper foil 6 is irradiated with a laser beam having a pulse width smaller than the pulse width in this range, the processing efficiency is reduced, and when the copper foil 6 is irradiated with a laser beam having a pulse width larger than the pulse width in this range. This is because the amount of molten copper increases and the molten copper tends to remain near the opening of the through hole 14 (see Embodiment 7).
- the laser processing method according to the present embodiment by changing the pulse width of the laser beam during laser processing. Since the peak power (power density) of the laser beam and the irradiation time of the laser beam are changed at the same time, it is possible to suppress a part of the laminated material from protruding into the through hole 14 and shorten the processing time. Can be made.
- printed circuit board 1 in which the uppermost layer and the lowermost layer are conductor layers is used, but the uppermost conductor layer and / or the lowermost conductor layer are used. Under the insulating layer, an insulating layer may be further formed. In that case Even so, the laser processing method according to the present embodiment can be applied, and the same effect can be obtained.
- FIG. 3 schematically shows the steps of the laser processing method for a laminated material according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
- the laminated material is the same as the printed circuit board 1 used in the first embodiment, and is a 0.4 mm thick double-sided copper-clad (copper foil thickness 12 / zm) printed board (glass Epoxy substrate) 1.
- the same reference numerals are given to the same structures as those of the printed circuit board 1 in FIG.
- the printed circuit board 1 is irradiated with a pulsed laser beam of a carbon dioxide gas laser to form a through hole 14.
- FIG. 4 is a diagram schematically showing a laser camera device 100 capable of changing a laser beam diameter at a processing point.
- the laser processing apparatus 100 includes a pulsed carbon dioxide laser oscillator 102, a transfer mask 104, a positioning mirror (galvano mirror) 106, a transfer lens 108, and a processing table 110. Further, the laser processing device 100 includes a control device 112 that electrically controls the operation of the above-described components.
- control device 112 causes the pulsed carbon dioxide laser 110 to oscillate a pulsed laser beam having a desired pulse width and a desired energy of one pulse. Further, the control device 112 controls the rotation of the positioning mirror 106 to perform positioning of the transfer mask 104 and the transfer lens 108 on the optical path. Further, the control device 112 moves the processing table 110 in parallel with the plane on which the printed circuit board 1 is installed. In FIG. 4, for simplification, the connection between each of those components and the control device 112 is omitted.
- a laser beam is imaged on the copper foil 4 to a diameter of about ⁇ 120 ⁇ m. More specifically, part of the laser beam 120 emitted from the pulsed carbon dioxide laser oscillator 102 passes through the transfer mask 104, The light reaches the transfer lens 108 via the two positioning mirrors 106. The two positioning mirrors 106 determine the angle of incidence (incident position) of the laser beam on the transfer lens 108. The transfer lens 108 condenses the incident laser light and forms an image of the transfer mask 104 on the printed circuit board 1 installed on the processing tape holder 110.
- the positioning of the printed board 1 is performed by moving the processing table 110 on which the printed board 1 is installed. First, set the pulse ON time of the laser beam to 3 ⁇ s, set the laser energy of one pulse to 24 mJ, irradiate the laser beam for one pulse, and apply the ⁇ 100 / xm A machining hole 22 is formed (FIG. 3).
- the transfer mask 104 was changed to ⁇ .2 mm, the laser beam was set to a pulse ON time of 100 jus, and the laser energy of one pulse was set to 100 mJ.
- the laser beam pulse / ON time was set to 40 ⁇ s
- the laser energy per pass was set to 8 mj
- the laser beam was irradiated for 1 pulse
- the copper foil 6 To process.
- the beam diameter of the laser beam at the processing point is about ⁇ 100 im.
- the hole diameter hardly changes, and the direction of the center axis of the hole matches the optical axis direction of the laser beam. Also, in the through hole 14, there is almost no protrusion of the copper foil 4 on the laser light incident side and the glass cloth 10 into the hole, and the protrusion of the copper foil 6 on the laser light output side into the hole is 5 yu. m or less.
- the laser beam having a diameter smaller than the diameter of the processing hole 22 formed in the copper foil 4 is irradiated.
- generation of laser beam diffraction by the processing hole 22 is suppressed, and the through-hole 14 can be prevented from being formed into a medium swelling shape.
- the laser processing method according to the present embodiment since the generation of the laser beam by the processing hole 22 is suppressed, it is possible to prevent the copper foil 4 on the laser light incident side from protruding into the through hole 14. .
- the transfer mask 104 is moved ⁇ 1.
- the laser beam diameter at the processing point is changed by changing from 8 mm to ⁇ 2 mm.
- a continuously variable beam stop having an aperture diameter as shown in FIG. 5 may be used instead of the transfer mask 104.
- the laser beam diameter at the point of application of the printed circuit board 1 can be easily changed by connecting this continuously variable aperture stop to the control device 1 12 and controlling the aperture diameter. Can be easily realized.
- the processing time of laser processing can be reduced.
- the laser processing method according to the present embodiment has been described for the case where the through holes 14 are formed in the printed circuit board 1, it is applied to the case where blind holes are formed or grooves are formed in the printed circuit board 1.
- the same effect can be obtained.
- the insulating material 2 is irradiated with a laser beam having a smaller beam diameter at the processing point than the laser beam irradiating the copper foil 4.
- the shape of blind holes and grooves can be prevented from becoming different from the desired shape such as trapezoid, and the copper foil 4 on the laser beam incidence side can be prevented from protruding into blind holes and grooves. it can.
- the printed circuit board 1 in which the uppermost layer and the lowermost layer are conductor layers was used, but the uppermost conductor layer and Z or the lowermost conductor layer were used.
- An insulating layer may be further formed below. Even in that case, the laser processing method according to the present embodiment can be applied, and the same effect can be obtained.
- processing is performed using a pulsed laser beam.
- a continuous wave laser beam the power density and the processing point in laser processing can be reduced.
- the same effect can be obtained by changing the laser beam diameter at the point.
- the carbon dioxide gas laser oscillator 110 continuously oscillates the laser beam.
- FIG. 6 schematically shows the configuration of a laser processing apparatus 200 for a laminated material according to the third embodiment.
- the laser processing apparatus 200 is different from the laser processing apparatus 100 in FIG. 4 in that a convex V-shaped mirror for adjusting the optical path length (hereinafter referred to as “convex V-shaped mirror”) 122 and a concave V for adjusting the optical path length are used.
- Type mirror hereinafter referred to as “concave V-type mirror”
- the same components as those of the laser power supply device 100 of FIG. 4 are denoted by the same reference numerals, and description thereof will be omitted.
- the convex V-shaped mirror 1 2 2 is an optical element in which two reflecting surfaces are combined in a V-shape to form a convex reflecting surface
- the concave V-shaped mirror 1 2 4 has two reflecting surfaces. It is an optical element whose surfaces are combined in a V-shape to form a concave reflective surface.
- the convex V-shaped mirror 122 and the concave V-shaped mirror 124 are set in the optical path between the transfer mask 104 and the positioning mirror 106. Changes the optical path length.
- the angle formed by the two reflecting surfaces of the convex V-shaped mirror 122 and the angle formed by the two reflecting surfaces of the concave V-shaped mirror 124 are 90 Degrees. Then, one (first) reflecting surface of the convex V-shaped mirror 122 is set so as to form an angle of 45 degrees with the laser beam passing through the transfer mask 104. The laser beam that has passed through the transfer mask 104 is reflected by the first reflecting surface of the convex V-shaped mirror 122 toward the concave V-shaped mirror 124. The angle between the incident direction and the reflected direction of the laser beam on the reflecting surface of the convex V-shaped mirror 122 is 90 degrees.
- the laser beam reflected by the convex V-shaped mirror 122 reaches one (first) reflecting surface of the concave V-shaped mirror 124.
- the first reflecting surface of the concave V-mirror 124 is set so as to form an angle of 45 degrees with the light reflected by the first reflecting surface of the convex V-mirror 122. ing.
- the laser light is reflected again by the first reflecting surface of the concave V-shaped mirror 124.
- the angle between the incident direction and the reflected direction of the laser beam on the first reflecting surface of the concave V-shaped mirror 122 is 90 degrees.
- the laser light reflected by the first reflecting surface of the concave V-shaped mirror 124 reaches the other (second) reflecting surface of the concave V-shaped mirror 124.
- the laser light that has reached the second reflecting surface of the concave V-shaped mirror 124 is reflected toward the convex V-shaped mirror 122 by this reflecting surface.
- the angle between the incident direction and the reflected direction of the laser beam on the second reflecting surface of the concave V-shaped mirror 124 is 90 degrees.
- the laser light reflected by the second reflecting surface of the concave V-shaped mirror 124 reaches the second reflecting surface of the convex V-shaped mirror 122.
- the second reflecting surface of the convex V-shaped mirror 122 reflects the received laser beam and guides it to the positioning mirror 106. Incident direction and reflected direction of laser light on the second reflecting surface of convex V-shaped mirror 1 2 2 Is 90 degrees.
- the convex V-shaped mirror 1 2 2 is fixed, and the concave V-shaped mirror ⁇ "1 2 4 is applied to the laser beam between the convex V-shaped mirror 1 2
- the optical path length in the laser processing apparatus 200 can be changed.
- a laser beam is imaged on the copper foil 4 to a size of about 120/1 m.
- Part of the laser beam 120 emitted from the pulsed carbon dioxide laser oscillator 102 passes through the transfer mask 104, and forms a convex V-shaped mirror 122, a concave V-shaped mirror 124, and 2
- the sheet reaches the transfer lens 108 via the positioning mirror 106.
- the two positioning mirrors 106 determine the angle of incidence (incident position) of the laser beam on the transfer lens 108.
- the transfer lens 108 condenses the incident laser light and forms an image of the transfer mask 104 on the printed circuit board 1 placed on the processing tape holder 110.
- the convex V-shaped mirror 1 2 2 is fixed, the concave V-shaped mirror 1 2 4, the convex V-shaped mirror 1 2 2 and the concave V-shaped mirror 1 2
- the mirror is moved parallel to the laser beam between 4 and away from the convex V-shaped mirror 1 2 2.
- the distance between the transfer lens 108 and the printed circuit board 1 placed on the processing table 110 is reduced.
- the positioning of these components is performed by the control unit 112.
- the laser beam is set to 3 ⁇ s
- the laser energy of 1 pass / s is set to 11 mJ
- 4 pulses are irradiated to the same position as the processing hole 22 to process the insulating material 2.
- the pulse ON time of the laser beam is set to 40 ⁇ s
- the laser energy of one pulse is set to 8 mJ
- one pulse of the laser beam is irradiated to process the copper foil 6.
- the beam diameter of the laser beam at the processing point is about ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ .
- Figure 7 shows the basic structure of the imaging optical system. The result is shown schematically.
- the laser beam 32 that has passed through the mask 30 (transfer mask 104) is focused by the imaging lens 34 (transfer lens 104) on the imaging point 36 (processing point on the printed circuit board 1).
- the relationship of equation (3) holds.
- distance between the mask 30 and the main surface of the imaging lens 34 (hereinafter, referred to as “distance between mask and lens”)
- distance between the main surface of the imaging lens 34 and the imaging point 36 (hereinafter, referred to as “distance between lens and imaging point”).
- the lateral magnification] 3 is represented by the distance a between the mask and the lens and the focal length f, the relationship of Expression (4) holds.
- the lateral magnification] 3 can be continuously changed by making the mask-lens distance a variable. Can be. Accordingly, by changing the optical path length between the transfer mask 104 (mask 30) and the transfer lens 108 (imaging lens 34), the beam diameter at the processing point changes.
- the distance a between the mask and the lens is variable when the focal length f is constant, the distance b between the lenses and the imaging point must also be changed. is there. Therefore, it is necessary to change the optical path length between the transfer mask 104 and the transfer lens 108, and at the same time, to change the distance between the transfer lens 108 and the printed circuit board 1 placed on the processing tape holder 110. .
- the distance a between the mask and the lens can be changed by changing the distance between the convex V-shaped mirror 122 and the concave V-shaped mirror 124. Further, in conjunction with the change, the distance between the transfer lens 108 and the printed circuit board 1 set on the processing table 110 is changed. Thus, the distance b between the lens and the imaging point can be changed.
- the convex V-shaped mirror 122 and the concave V-shaped mirror 124 are used to transfer the transfer mask 104 and the transfer lens 108 from each other. Change the optical path length to change the beam diameter at the processing point.
- the easiest way to change the optical path length between the transfer mask 104 and the transfer lens 108 described above is to use the control device 111 in the laser processing device 100 described in the second embodiment. There is a method of moving the position of the transfer mask 104 using 2 or the like. If the transfer mask 104 can be operated to a large extent, the outer shape of the laser processing apparatus 200 becomes large.
- the distance between the transfer mask 104 and the transfer lens 108 needs to be approximately 1.5 times.
- a convex V-shaped mirror 122 and a concave V-shaped mirror 124 are used to transfer a transfer mask 104 and a transfer lens 108 to each other. If the optical path length can be adjusted by diverting the optical path, the enlargement of the external shape of the device can be reduced.
- FIG. 8 schematically shows a configuration of a laser processing apparatus 300 for a laminated material according to the fourth embodiment.
- the laser processing device 300 is different from the laser processing device 100 in FIG. 4 in that the reflection surface shape variable reflection mirror for magnification adjustment (hereinafter referred to as “reflection surface shape variable reflection mirror”) 1 32 and the reflection surface This is a mirror to which a variable shape reflecting mirror 134 is added.
- the reflecting surface shape variable reflecting mirror is a mirror that can control the beam spread angle of the incident laser beam by changing the shape of the reflecting surface.
- the two reflecting surface shape variable reflecting mirrors (132, 134) are set in the optical path between the transfer mask 104 and the positioning mirror 106, and the shape change of the reflecting surface is controlled. Controlled by device 1 1 2.
- the laser beam is imaged on the copper foil 4 at about 120 / xm. This will be described in detail below.
- a part of the laser beam 120 emitted from the pulsed carbon dioxide laser oscillator 102 passes through the transfer mask 104, and the reflecting surface shape variable reflecting mirror 13 2 and the reflecting surface shape variable reflecting mirror 13 4, and, through the two positioning mirrors 106, reach the transfer lens 108.
- the reflecting surfaces of the reflecting surface shape variable reflecting mirror 13 and the reflecting surface shape variable reflecting mirror 13 14 are both flat, and operate as a normal reflecting mirror.
- the two positioning mirrors 106 determine the angle of incidence (incident position) of the laser beam on the transfer lens 108.
- the transfer lens 108 condenses the incident laser light and forms an image of the transfer mask 104 on the printed circuit board 1 installed on the processing tape 110.
- set the laser beam's panelless ON time to 3 s, set the laser energy laser of 1 pal / less to 24 mJ, irradiate the laser beam for 1 pulse, and apply ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ Forming holes 22
- the reflecting surface of the variable reflecting mirror 13 2 was changed to a convex surface, and the reflecting surface of the variable reflecting mirror 13 4 was changed to a concave surface. Let it.
- the reflecting surface shape variable reflecting mirror 13 2 and the reflecting surface shape variable reflecting mirror 13 4 control the beam spread angle 1 36 and the beam spread angle 1 38, respectively.
- the laser beam with the controlled beam divergence angle is set to 3 ⁇ s for the pulse ON time and 11 mJ for the laser energy of one pulse.
- the pulse ON time of the laser beam is set to 40 ⁇ s
- the laser energy of one panel is set to 8 mJ
- one pulse of the laser beam is irradiated to process the copper foil 6.
- the beam diameter of the laser beam at the processing point is about ⁇ 100 ⁇ m.
- Fig. 9 schematically shows the basic configuration of an imaging optical system using a convex mirror and a concave mirror.
- the beam divergence angle of the laser beam 42 passing through the mask 40 is determined by the imaging lens 48 (transfer lens 108).
- the imaging lens 48 transfer lens 108.
- two mirrors reflection surface shape variable reflection mirrors 13 2) 44 and mirrors (reflection surface shape variable reflection mirrors 13 4) 46 whose curved surface shapes are changed. This apparently corresponds to the movement of the lens position of the imaging lens 48.
- the following equation (6) holds.
- j3 b x / a, ( 6) a: distance (distance between the mask first lens) between the main surface of the mask 4 0 and the imaging lens 4 8 b: the main surface and the imaging point of the image forming lens 4 8 Distance from 5 2 (working point on printed circuit board 1) (distance between lens and imaging point)
- a i distance between mask 40 and the principal surface of apparent lens 50 (hereinafter referred to as “apparent distance between mask and lens”)
- b 1 distance between the apparent principal surface of the lens 50 and the imaging point 52 (hereinafter referred to as “the apparent distance between the lens and the imaging point”)
- the lateral magnification is determined by the apparent mask-lens distance a i and the apparent lens-imaging distance 1 ⁇ . Therefore, by changing the shape of the reflecting surface of the variable reflecting mirror 13 2 and the variable reflecting mirror 13 4, the apparent distance a between the mask and the lens and the apparent image of the lens are changed. Since the point-to-point distance 1 ⁇ can be changed continuously, as a result, the lateral magnification can be changed continuously.
- the reflecting surface shape variable reflecting mirror 1 3 2 and the reflecting surface shape variable reflecting mirror 1 3 2 are identical to each other.
- each of the reflection surface shapes 4 is a part of a hyperboloid of revolution.
- the distance from the reflective surface to the mask 60 is different from the distance from the reflective surface to the virtual image 62 of the mask.
- the beam divergence angle of the laser beam 64 must be changed.
- FIG. 11 schematically shows the configuration of the reflecting surface shape variable reflecting mirror (132, 134) used in the laser processing apparatus 300 according to the present embodiment.
- the reflection mirror 66 is joined to the piezoelectric element 68 at one point on the back surface.
- the piezoelectric element 68 When a voltage is applied to the piezoelectric element 68 using the control device 112, the piezoelectric element 68 expands and contracts, and an external force is applied to the back surface of the reflection mirror 66. When an external force is applied by the piezoelectric element 68, the reflecting mirror 66 Is formed so that the reflection surface shape of the surface becomes a desired shape (a shape that forms part of a convex or concave rotating hyperboloid).
- the transfer magnification can be changed at a high speed. . Therefore, the processing time can be reduced.
- the reflecting surface of the reflecting surface variable shape reflecting mirror 13 and the reflecting surface of the reflecting surface shape variable reflecting mirror 13 4 are changed into a convex shape and a concave shape, respectively.
- the beam diameter at the processing point can be changed by changing both to concave.
- the copper foil 4 is drilled, and then two reflecting surface shape-variable reflecting mirrors ( The reflective surface of 1 3 2 and 1 3 4) was deformed to process the insulating material 2 and the copper foil 6, but conversely, the reflection of the two variable reflective mirrors (1 3 2 and 1 3 4)
- the deformation of those reflecting surfaces is released, the reflecting surface is flattened, and the insulating material 2 and the copper foil 6 are processed. The effect is obtained.
- FIG. 12 schematically shows a configuration of a laser processing apparatus 400 for a laminated material according to the fifth embodiment.
- the laser processing apparatus 400 is the same as the laser processing apparatus 100 shown in FIG. 4 except that a continuously variable aperture stop 142 (FIG. 5) is added.
- the aperture diameter continuously variable beam stop 142 is installed in the optical path between the transfer mask 104 and the positioning mirror 106, and the aperture diameter is controlled by the controller 112. 12, the same components as those of the laser processing apparatus 100 of FIG. 4 are denoted by the same reference numerals, and description thereof will be omitted.
- laser processing of the printed circuit board 1 is performed by the same method as the laser processing method of the second embodiment (FIG. 3).
- a laser beam is imaged on the copper foil 4 to about ⁇ 120 / zm. This will be described in detail below.
- a part of the laser beam 120 emitted from the pulsed carbon dioxide laser oscillator 102 passes through the transfer mask 104 and is narrowed down by the aperture diameter continuously variable beam stop 142.
- the aperture diameter continuously variable beam stop 142 narrows the beam diameter of the laser beam diffracted and spread by the transfer mask 104.
- the aperture diameter continuous variable beam stop 142 is set at a position of 120 mm from the transfer mask 104, and the aperture diameter is 18 mm.
- the laser beam narrowed by the continuously variable aperture diameter beam stop 142 reaches the transfer lens 108 through the two positioning mirrors 106.
- the two positioning mirrors 106 are laser beam transfer lenses 1
- the transfer lens 108 condenses the incident laser light and forms an image of the transfer mask 104 on the printed circuit board 1 set on the processing table 110.
- the pulse ON time of the laser beam is set to 3 ⁇ s
- the laser energy of 1 pulse is set to 24 mJ
- the laser beam is irradiated for 1 pulse.
- a machining hole 22 is formed (FIG. 3).
- the aperture diameter of the continuously variable aperture stop 142 is increased to ⁇ 36 mm using the controller 112.
- the laser beam is set to 3 ⁇ s
- the laser energy of one pulse is set to 11 mJ
- four pulses are irradiated to the same position as the processing hole 22 to process the insulating material 2.
- the pulse ON time of the laser beam is set to 40 s
- the laser energy of one pulse is set to 8 mJ
- the laser beam is irradiated for one pulse to process the copper foil 6.
- the beam diameter of the laser beam at the processing point is about. Thereby, through holes 14 are formed in the printed circuit board 1.
- Fig. 13 schematically shows the state of light collection by the aperture and the lens.
- a laser beam 70 parallel to the aperture 72 aperture aperture continuously variable aperture 142
- the laser beam passing through the aperture 72 is stopped down by the lens 74 (transfer lens 108).
- the beam diameter d at the light condensing point (the processing point on the printed circuit board 1) converged by the lens 74 is given by the following equation (7). expressed.
- Equation (7) shows that the aperture diameter D is inversely proportional to the beam diameter d at the focal point. Therefore, the beam diameter d at the focal point can be reduced by increasing the aperture diameter D, and the beam diameter d at the focal point can be increased by decreasing the aperture diameter D.
- the transfer mask 104 in the laser processing apparatus 100 shown in FIG. The trouble of replacing the transfer mask with another transfer mask can be saved. In addition, the processing time of laser processing can be reduced. Furthermore, in the laser processing apparatus 400 according to the present embodiment, the laser beam spread and diffracted by the transfer mask 104 continuously using the aperture diameter continuously variable beam stop 142 is used. The beam diameter at the processing point of the laminated material can be changed with high accuracy.
- FIG. 14 schematically shows a configuration of a laser processing apparatus 500 for a laminated material according to the sixth embodiment.
- the laser processing device 500 is replaced with the transfer lens 108 and the focal length variable transfer lens 150 of the laser processing device 100 in FIG.
- the focal length of the variable focal length transfer lens 150 is controlled by the control device 112.
- the same components as those of the laser camera 100 of FIG. 4 are denoted by the same reference numerals, and description thereof will be omitted.
- laser processing of the printed circuit board 1 is performed by the same method as the laser processing method of the second embodiment (FIG. 3).
- a laser beam is focused on a copper foil 4 to a diameter of about ⁇ 120 // m using a ⁇ 1.8 mm transfer mask i 04 and a variable focal length transfer lens 150. This is discussed in more detail below. I will tell.
- a part of the laser beam 120 emitted from the pulsed carbon dioxide laser oscillator 102 passes through the transfer mask 104, passes through two positioning mirrors 106, and reaches the variable focal length transfer lens 150.
- the two positioning mirrors 106 determine the incident angle (incident position) of the laser beam to the variable focal length transfer lens 150.
- the variable focal length transfer lens 150 condenses the incident laser light and forms an image of the transfer mask 104 on the printed circuit board 1 placed on the processing table 110.
- the pulse ON time of the laser beam is set to 3 ⁇ s
- the laser energy of one pulse is set to 24 mJ
- the laser beam is irradiated for one pulse.
- the focal length of the variable focal length transfer lens 150 was reduced, the laser beam was turned on, the pulse ON time was 3 ⁇ s, and the laser energy of one pulse was 11 mJ.
- the pulse ON time of the laser beam is set to 40 ⁇ s, the laser energy of one pulse is set to 8 mJ, and the laser beam is irradiated for one pulse to process the copper foil 6.
- the beam diameter of the laser beam at the processing point is about ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ .
- a 2 Distance between the new mask (transfer mask 104) and the main surface of the imaging lens (transfer lens 108) (hereinafter , referred to as "new mask first lens distance")
- b 2 the distance between the main surface and the imaging point of a new imaging lens (processing point in the printed board 1) (hereinafter, "new lens - forming "Distance between image points”.)
- variable focal length transfer lens 150 is a set lens composed of two or more lenses.
- the lens interval of each lens of the grouped lens is controlled by the control device 112, and the focal length of the variable transfer lens 150 itself can be changed by changing the lens interval.
- the transfer mask 104 of the laser processing apparatus 100 of FIG. The trouble of replacing the transfer mask with another transfer mask can be saved. In addition, the processing time of the laser beam can be reduced.
- FIG. 16 schematically illustrates steps of a method for laser processing a laminated material according to the seventh embodiment of the present invention.
- the laminated material is a double-sided copper-clad (copper foil thickness 1 2 // m) printed board having a thickness of 0.4 mm similarly to the printed board 1 used in the first embodiment. Glass epoxy substrate) 1.
- the same structures as those of the printed circuit board 1 in FIG. 1 are denoted by the same reference numerals.
- a PET sheet 90 having a thickness of 80 / ⁇ as an absorption layer is attached to copper foil 6 on the beam emission side of printed circuit board 1.
- the printed circuit board 1 is irradiated with a pulsed laser beam of a carbon dioxide gas laser to form a through hole 14 of ⁇ 100 / Xm.
- a laser beam is applied to the copper foil 4 to form a processing hole 22 on the surface of the copper foil 4.
- the laser beam's panelless ON time was set to 3 // s
- the laser energy of 1 pp / s was set to 24 mJ
- one pulse of the laser beam was applied to the copper foil 4 to make ⁇ ⁇ 00 ⁇
- the laser beam pulse ON time is set to 100 ⁇ s
- the laser energy of one pulse is set to 1 OmJ
- the laser beam is irradiated for four pulses at the same position as the processing hole 22, and the insulating material 2 is processed.
- the pulse ON time of the laser beam is set to 40 / i S
- the laser energy of one pulse is set to 8 mJ
- one pulse of the laser beam is irradiated to process the copper foil 6.
- the hole diameter hardly changes, and the direction of the center axis of the hole matches the optical axis direction of the laser beam. Further, it was found that the copper foil 4 on the laser light incident side, the copper foil 6 on the laser light emission side, and the glass cloth 10 hardly protruded in the through hole 14.
- the hole diameter of the copper foil 6 was measured to be 100 ⁇ at the maximum and 90 / zm at the minimum in the printed circuit board 1 with PET90.
- the measured hole diameter was 100 / xm at the maximum and 80 ⁇ at the minimum.
- the variation in the hole diameter of the copper foil 6 can be reduced by attaching the PET sheet 90 to the copper foil 6 and performing drilling. This is because the stagnation of the molten and re-solidified copper foil 6 near the outlet of the through hole 14 is suppressed.
- the details are described below.
- the PET 90 attached to the copper foil 6 has already begun to evaporate. (By the way, the insulating material 2 is copper There is no change since the boiling point is higher than foil 6.)
- the PET 90 is vaporized, the molten copper foil 6 is blown out of the printed board 1 together with the PET 90 from the position or through the through hole 14. Therefore, the molten copper foil 6 does not stay near the exit of the through hole 14.
- the laser processing method for a laminated material according to the present embodiment has the same effects as the method according to the first embodiment.
- the printed circuit board 1 in which the PET 90 is attached to the copper foil 6 can be processed by the laser processing method according to the second embodiment.
- PET is used as the laser beam absorbing material to be attached to copper foil 6, but the present invention is not limited to this.
- PBT polybutylene terephthalate
- PA polyamide
- Petherimid polyetherimid
- polymer materials such as polyimide (PI) and polyimide (PI).
- the print substrate 1 in which the uppermost layer is a conductor layer is used, but an insulating layer may be further formed on the uppermost conductor layer. . Even in that case, the laser processing method according to the present embodiment can be applied, and the same effect can be obtained.
- the copper foil 4 is irradiated with a laser beam to raise the surface temperature of the copper foil 4.
- the pulse ON time of the laser beam is set to 3 // s
- the laser energy of one pulse is set to 3 mJ
- the laser beam is irradiated by 3 pulses at 4 kHz, so that the surface of the copper foil 4 is 300 ° C (573K).
- the pulse ON time of the laser beam was set to 3 S
- the laser energy of one pulse was set to 24 mJ
- the laser beam was irradiated to the same position of the copper foil 4 for one pulse, and ⁇ 1 ⁇ A hole 22 of ⁇ ⁇ is formed.
- the laser beam pulse ON time is set to 100 s, the laser energy of one pulse is set to 1 OmJ, and the laser beam is irradiated for four pulses at the same position as the processing hole 22 to process the insulating material 2. Further, at the same position, the pulse ON time of the laser beam is set to 40; us, the laser energy of one pulse is set to 8 mJ, and the laser beam is irradiated for one pulse to process the copper foil 6.
- the hole diameter hardly changes, and the direction of the center axis of the hole matches the optical axis direction of the laser beam. Also, through hole 1 In 4, it was found that there was almost no protrusion of the copper foil 4 on the laser light incident side, the copper foil 6 on the laser light emission side, and the glass cloth 10. Further, the hole diameter of the copper foil 4 was measured to be 110 at the maximum and 100 ⁇ m at the minimum. On the other hand, the hole diameter of the copper foil 4 was measured to be a maximum of 110 / im and a minimum of 90 ⁇ m on a normal substrate which was not heated by a force.
- the amount of variation in the hole diameter can be reduced by previously heating the copper foil in the portion where the hole is to be drilled. This is because the heating increases the absorptivity of copper to the laser beam and enables stable processing of copper. This will be described in detail below.
- FIG. 18 is a graph showing the temperature dependence of the carbon dioxide laser absorption rate of copper.
- the horizontal axis indicates the temperature of copper
- the vertical axis indicates the absorptivity of the carbon dioxide gas laser in copper.
- copper foil 4 may be heated by any other method.
- the laser processing method for a laminated material according to the present embodiment has the same effects as the method according to the first embodiment. After the copper foil 4 is heated, the printed circuit board 1 can be processed by the method according to the second embodiment.
- the printed circuit board 1 in which the uppermost layer and the lowermost layer are conductor layers is used, but the uppermost conductor layer and / or the lowermost conductor layer may be used.
- An insulating layer may be further formed below. Even in that case, the laser processing method according to the present embodiment can be applied, and the same effect can be obtained.
- the laser camera method according to the present embodiment has been described for the case where the through holes 14 are formed in the printed circuit board 1.However, in the case where a blind hole is formed in the printed circuit board 1 or a groove is formed. Even if applied, the same effect can be obtained.
- the conductor layer of the printed circuit board 1 is a copper foil, but may be another conductive material.
- the insulating material 2 of the printed circuit board 1 is a glass epoxy resin, but is not limited thereto.
- an aramide resin or a glass polyimide resin may be used.
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
- Laser Beam Processing (AREA)
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US10/477,107 US20040173942A1 (en) | 2001-05-11 | 2002-03-29 | Method and device for laser beam machining of laminated material |
KR10-2003-7014634A KR100530818B1 (ko) | 2001-05-11 | 2002-03-29 | 적층 재료의 레이저 가공 방법 및 장치 |
JP2002589197A JP4278389B2 (ja) | 2001-05-11 | 2002-03-29 | 積層材料のレーザ加工方法および装置 |
EP02708719A EP1386689A1 (en) | 2001-05-11 | 2002-03-29 | Method and device for laser beam machining of laminated material |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2001-141451 | 2001-05-11 | ||
JP2001141451 | 2001-05-11 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2002092276A1 true WO2002092276A1 (fr) | 2002-11-21 |
Family
ID=18987912
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/JP2002/003150 WO2002092276A1 (fr) | 2001-05-11 | 2002-03-29 | Procede et dispositif d'usinage au laser de materiaux stratifies |
Country Status (7)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20040173942A1 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP1386689A1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP4278389B2 (ja) |
KR (1) | KR100530818B1 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN1286608C (ja) |
TW (1) | TW523436B (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2002092276A1 (ja) |
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WO2016129392A1 (ja) * | 2015-02-09 | 2016-08-18 | オムロン株式会社 | 接合構造体の製造方法および接合構造体 |
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- 2002-03-29 JP JP2002589197A patent/JP4278389B2/ja not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2002-03-29 CN CNB028116860A patent/CN1286608C/zh not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2002-03-29 KR KR10-2003-7014634A patent/KR100530818B1/ko active IP Right Grant
- 2002-03-29 US US10/477,107 patent/US20040173942A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2002-03-29 WO PCT/JP2002/003150 patent/WO2002092276A1/ja not_active Application Discontinuation
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Cited By (11)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2005044508A1 (de) * | 2003-10-06 | 2005-05-19 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Verfahren zur herstellung eines lochs und vorrichtung |
EP1670612A1 (de) * | 2003-10-06 | 2006-06-21 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Verfahren zur herstellung eines lochs und vorrichtung |
US7816625B2 (en) | 2003-10-06 | 2010-10-19 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Method for the production of a hole and device |
EP2168711A3 (de) * | 2003-10-06 | 2012-01-25 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Lochs |
EP3047935A1 (de) * | 2003-10-06 | 2016-07-27 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Verfahren zur herstellung eines lochs |
WO2016129392A1 (ja) * | 2015-02-09 | 2016-08-18 | オムロン株式会社 | 接合構造体の製造方法および接合構造体 |
JP2021098223A (ja) * | 2019-12-24 | 2021-07-01 | ビアメカニクス株式会社 | レーザ加工装置及びレーザ加工方法 |
JP7386073B2 (ja) | 2019-12-24 | 2023-11-24 | ビアメカニクス株式会社 | レーザ加工装置及びレーザ加工方法 |
US11980971B2 (en) | 2019-12-24 | 2024-05-14 | Via Mechanics, Ltd. | Laser processing apparatus and laser processing method |
JP2022090645A (ja) * | 2020-12-07 | 2022-06-17 | トルンプフ ヴェルクツォイクマシーネン エス・エー プルス コー. カー・ゲー | 高周波レーザ光学装置、及び高周波レーザ光学装置の動作方法 |
JP7301939B2 (ja) | 2020-12-07 | 2023-07-03 | トルンプフ ヴェルクツォイクマシーネン エス・エー プルス コー. カー・ゲー | 高周波レーザ光学装置、及び高周波レーザ光学装置の動作方法 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CN1531471A (zh) | 2004-09-22 |
US20040173942A1 (en) | 2004-09-09 |
KR20030096379A (ko) | 2003-12-24 |
JPWO2002092276A1 (ja) | 2004-08-26 |
CN1286608C (zh) | 2006-11-29 |
JP4278389B2 (ja) | 2009-06-10 |
KR100530818B1 (ko) | 2005-11-25 |
TW523436B (en) | 2003-03-11 |
EP1386689A1 (en) | 2004-02-04 |
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