Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C07F—ACYCLIC, CARBOCYCLIC OR HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS CONTAINING ELEMENTS OTHER THAN CARBON, HYDROGEN, HALOGEN, OXYGEN, NITROGEN, SULFUR, SELENIUM OR TELLURIUM
  • C07F5/00—Compounds containing elements of Groups 3 or 13 of the Periodic Table
  • C07F5/06—Aluminium compounds
  • C07F5/061—Aluminium compounds with C-aluminium linkage
  • C07F5/062—Al linked exclusively to C
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C07F—ACYCLIC, CARBOCYCLIC OR HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS CONTAINING ELEMENTS OTHER THAN CARBON, HYDROGEN, HALOGEN, OXYGEN, NITROGEN, SULFUR, SELENIUM OR TELLURIUM
  • C07F5/00—Compounds containing elements of Groups 3 or 13 of the Periodic Table
  • C07F5/02—Boron compounds
  • C07F5/027—Organoboranes and organoborohydrides
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
  • C08F110/00—Homopolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond
  • C08F110/04—Monomers containing three or four carbon atoms
  • C08F110/06—Propene
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
  • C08F4/00—Polymerisation catalysts
  • C08F4/42—Metals; Metal hydrides; Metallo-organic compounds; Use thereof as catalyst precursors
  • C08F4/44—Metals; Metal hydrides; Metallo-organic compounds; Use thereof as catalyst precursors selected from light metals, zinc, cadmium, mercury, copper, silver, gold, boron, gallium, indium, thallium, rare earths or actinides
  • C08F4/60—Metals; Metal hydrides; Metallo-organic compounds; Use thereof as catalyst precursors selected from light metals, zinc, cadmium, mercury, copper, silver, gold, boron, gallium, indium, thallium, rare earths or actinides together with refractory metals, iron group metals, platinum group metals, manganese, rhenium technetium or compounds thereof
  • C08F4/62—Refractory metals or compounds thereof
  • C08F4/64—Titanium, zirconium, hafnium or compounds thereof
  • C08F4/659—Component covered by group C08F4/64 containing a transition metal-carbon bond
  • C08F4/65916—Component covered by group C08F4/64 containing a transition metal-carbon bond supported on a carrier, e.g. silica, MgCl2, polymer
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
  • C08F4/00—Polymerisation catalysts
  • C08F4/42—Metals; Metal hydrides; Metallo-organic compounds; Use thereof as catalyst precursors
  • C08F4/44—Metals; Metal hydrides; Metallo-organic compounds; Use thereof as catalyst precursors selected from light metals, zinc, cadmium, mercury, copper, silver, gold, boron, gallium, indium, thallium, rare earths or actinides
  • C08F4/60—Metals; Metal hydrides; Metallo-organic compounds; Use thereof as catalyst precursors selected from light metals, zinc, cadmium, mercury, copper, silver, gold, boron, gallium, indium, thallium, rare earths or actinides together with refractory metals, iron group metals, platinum group metals, manganese, rhenium technetium or compounds thereof
  • C08F4/62—Refractory metals or compounds thereof
  • C08F4/64—Titanium, zirconium, hafnium or compounds thereof
  • C08F4/659—Component covered by group C08F4/64 containing a transition metal-carbon bond
  • C08F4/6592—Component covered by group C08F4/64 containing a transition metal-carbon bond containing at least one cyclopentadienyl ring, condensed or not, e.g. an indenyl or a fluorenyl ring
  • C08F4/65922—Component covered by group C08F4/64 containing a transition metal-carbon bond containing at least one cyclopentadienyl ring, condensed or not, e.g. an indenyl or a fluorenyl ring containing at least two cyclopentadienyl rings, fused or not
  • C08F4/65927—Component covered by group C08F4/64 containing a transition metal-carbon bond containing at least one cyclopentadienyl ring, condensed or not, e.g. an indenyl or a fluorenyl ring containing at least two cyclopentadienyl rings, fused or not two cyclopentadienyl rings being mutually bridged
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
  • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y10S526/00—Synthetic resins or natural rubbers -- part of the class 520 series
  • Y10S526/943—Polymerization with metallocene catalysts

Definitions

• the present invention relates to chemical compounds which have an ionic structure and, in combination with an organometallic transition compound, form a catalyst system which is advantageously hardly used for the polymerization of olefins.
• Ziegler-type catalysts based on angled metallocenes with metals from subgroup 4 form a new generation of industrially applicable catalysts for the polymerization of ⁇ -olefins (HH Brintzinger, D. Fischer, R. Mülhaupt, R. Rieger, R. Way outh, Angew Chem. 1995, 107, 1255-1283).
• the metal ocene complex is treated with a large excess of methyl aluminum oxane (MAO) (H. Sinn, W. Kaminsky, Adv. Organomet. Chem., 1980, 18, 99). In addition to the high co-catalyst costs, this has the disadvantage of a high aluminum content in the polymer obtained. Des- 'ha-lb, new activation methods that do not require a stoichiometric amount of activator were developed.
• MAO methyl aluminum oxane
• ⁇ T ⁇ " ⁇ P-A-0,427, 697 is this synthetic principle and a corresponding catalyst system, consisting of a neutral metallocene species (eg Cp 2 ZrMe 2 ), a Lewis acid (eg B (C 6 F 5 ) 3 ) and aluminum alkyls
• a neutral metallocene species eg Cp 2 ZrMe 2
• a Lewis acid eg B (C 6 F 5 ) 3
• EP-A-0,558,158 describes zwitterionic catalyst systems which are prepared from metallocene dialkyl compounds and salts of the form [R 3 NH] + [BPh 4 ] -.
• the reaction of such a salt with, for example, Cp 2 * ZrMe 2 provides an intermediate zirconocenemethyl cation by protolysis with elimination of methane. This reacts via CH activation to the zwitterion Cp 2 * Zr + - (mC 6 H 4 ) -BPh 3 _ .
• the Zr atom is covalently bound to a carbon atom of the phenyl ring and is bound by an agostic hydrogen bond stabilized.
• WO 97/35893 describes highly soluble activators for olefin polymerization catalysts which are particularly suitable for solution polymerization processes. Systems that are particularly well suited for solution polymerization processes, however, are generally not suitable for supported catalysts due to the good solubility of the components.
• the object of the present invention was therefore to provide chemical compounds which act as activators for catalyst systems for the preparation of polyolefins and which do not have the disadvantages described above and in particular are not harmful to health and have sufficient solubility in the carrier process, but are not so soluble, that the supported catalyst loses active component in the polymerization process.
• M 1 is an element of II., III. or IV. main group of the Periodic Table of the Elements, x is 1, 2, 3 or 4, y is 2, 3 or 4 and
• A is a cation of the 5th main group of the Periodic Table of the Elements
• R 1 is identical or different and is a branched or unbranched, linear or cyclic C ⁇ -C 4 _ o carbon-containing group means
• R 2 is the same or different and is a branched or unbranched, linear or cyclic C 1 -C 4 -carbon-containing group
• R 3 is a branched or unbranched, linear or cyclic C 1 -C 4 o -carbon-containing group
• R 4 represents a hydrogen atom
• Hexadecyldi (methyl) ammonium tetrakis (pentafluorophenyDborat, Octadecyldi (methyl) ammonium tetrakis (pentafluorophenyDborat, Eicosyldi (methyl) ammonium tetrakis (pentafluoropheny borate, methyldi (decyl) ammonium tetrakis (pentafluorophenyDborat, methyldi (dodecyl) ammonium tetrakis (pentafluorophenyDborat, methyldi (tetradecyl) ammonium tetrakis (pentafluorophenyDborat, methyldi (hexadecyl) ammonium (pentafluorophenyDborat, methyldi (octadecyl) ammonium tetrakis (pentafluor
• At least one radical R 2 , R 3 is preferably a branched or cyclic group having 3 to 40 carbon atoms, in particular having 6 to 30 carbon atoms.
• A is a cation of the 5th main group of the Periodic Table of the Elements
• R2 is C ⁇ -C 20 -alkyl, C 2 o-haloalkyl, C ⁇ -C ⁇ 0 alkoxy, C 6 -C 40 haloaryl, C 7 -C 40 -alkylaryl, C 7 -C 0 arylalkyl, C 7 -C 4 o-haloarylalkyl, C 7 -C 4 o-haloalkylaryl or optionally substituted C 4 -C 40 cycloalkyl, R 3 for C 1 -C 20 alkyl, C 1 -C 2 o-haloalkyl, C ⁇ -C ⁇ 0 - alkoxy,
• R 4 is a hydrogen atom
• A is nitrogen and
• R 1 for C 6 -C 4 o-haloaryl, C e -C 40 aryloxy, C 7 -C 4 o-arylalkyl,
• R 3 for C 3 -C 9 cycloalkyl which with C 1 -C 8 alkyl, in particular C 1 -C 3 alkyl, C 1 -C 20 haloalkyl, C 1 -C 8 alkoxy, C 6 -C 4 o-haloaryl, C -C 40 alkylaryl, C -C 4 o-arylalkyl, C -C o-haloarylalkyl or C 7 -C 4 o-haloalkylaryl, or can be substituted, or C 7 -C 2 o -alkylaryl or C 7 -C 2 is o-arylalkyl and R 4 is a hydrogen atom,
• N N-diethylcyclohexylammonium tetrakis (2,4 difluoro-5-methylphenyl) borate.
• N N-diethylcyclohexylammonium tetrakis (3,5 difluoro-2-methylphenyl) borate,
• N N-diisopropylcyclohexylammonium tetrakis 2-methoxy-3,4,5,6,6 tetrafluorophenyl) borate; N, N-diethylbenzylammonium tetrakis (pentafluorophenyDborat,
• N N-diethylbenzylammonium tetrakis (2-methoxy-3,4,5,6,6 tetrafluorophenyl) borate
• N N-dimethylbenzylammonium tetrakis (pentafluorophenyl) borate
• N N-dimethylbenzylammonium tetrakis (2,3,4,6, tetrafluorophenyl) borate
• N N-Dimethylbenzylammoniumtetrakis (2-methoxy-3, 4,5,6 tetrafluorophenyl) borate
• N N-Dimethylcyclohexylmethylammoniumtetrakis (pentafluorophenyl) borate
• N N-Diethylcyclohexylethylammonium tetrakis (pentafluorophenyl dborate N, N-Dimethylcyclohexylethylammonium tetrakis (pentafluorophenyl) borate
• N N-Diisobutylcyclohexylhexylammoniumtetrakis (pentafluorophenyl) borate N, N-Dibutylcyclohexylmethylammoniumtetrakis (pentafluorophenyDborat
• N, N-diethyl-methylcyclohexylammonium tetrakis (pentafluorophenyl) borate, N, N-diethyl-2-ethylhexylammonium tetrakis (pentafluorophenyDborat, N-methyl-N-ethyl-isopropylammonium tetrakis (pentafluorophenyDborat,
• N-methyl-N-ethyl-benzylammonium tetrakis penentafluorophenyDborat, N-methyl-N-ethyl-2-ethylhexylammonium tetrakis (pentafluorophenyDborat, N-methyl-diisopropylammonium tetrakis (pentafluorophenyDborate, N-methyl-ammonium)) N-methyl-bis (isobutyl) ammonium tetrakis (pentafluorophenyDborate N-methyl-bis (2-methylbutyl) ammonium tetrakis (pentafluorophenyDborate, N-methyl-dicyclopentylammoniur ⁇ tetrakis (pentafluorophenyDborate, N-methyl-bis (2-methyl-bis (2-methyl-bis (2-methyl-bis (2-methyl-bis (2-methyl-bis (2-methyl-bis
• N-methyl-bis (methylcyclohexyl) ammonium tetrakis (pentafluorophenyDborat, N-methyl-dibenzylammonium tetrakis (pentafluorophenyD orat, N-methyl-bis (2-ethylhexyl) ammonium tetrakis (pentafluorophenyl) borate,
• N-ethyl-diisopropylammonium tetrakis (pentafluorophenyDborat, N-ethyl-bis (2-butyl) ammonium tetrakis (pentafluorophenyDborate, N-ethyl-bis (isobutyl) ammonium tetrakis (pentafluorophenyl) borate, N-ethylbutyl (bis phenyl) borate,
• N-ethyl-bis (methylcyclohexyl) ammonium tetrakis penentafluorophenyDborat, N-ethyl-di (benzyl) ammonium tetrakis (pentafluorophenyDborat, N-ethyl-bis (2-ethylhexyl) ammonium tetrakis (pentafluorophenyl) borate
• a chemical compound of the formula (I) and (II) according to the invention is prepared in the manner described in the literature.
• the conversion to the hydrochloride ammonium salt takes place by the reaction of the corresponding amine with hydrogen chloride.
• the further conversion to the ammonium tetraphenyl borate takes place by reaction with the corresponding alkali or alkaline earth borate.
• Non-limiting examples of the amines are:
• N N-dimethylcyclohexylamine, N, N-diethylcyclohexylamine, N, N-dimethylisopropylamine, N, N-diethylbenzylamine, N, N-dimethyl-p-toluidine, N, N-diethyl-p-toluidine, N, N-dimethylbenzylamine, N, N-diethylisopropylamine, N, N-diisopropylmethylamine, N, N-diisopropylethylamine, N, N-dimethylcyclopentylamine, N, N-dimethylcycloheptenylamine, N, N-dimethylcyclooctanylamine, N, N-dimethylnonanoylamine N, N-diethylcyclopentylamine, N, N-diethylcycloheptenylamine, N, N-diethylcycloctanylamine, N
• N-methyl-dibenzylamine N-methyl-bis (2-octyl) amine, N-methyl-bis (3-octyl) amine N-methyl-bis (4-octyl) amine, N-methyl-bis (2-methylheptyl ) amine, N-methyl-bis (3-methylheptyl) amine, N-methyl-bis (4-methylheptyl) amine, N-methyl-bis (5-methylheptyl) amine, N-methyl-bis (6-methylheptyl) ) amine, N-methyl-bis (2-ethylhexyl) amine, N-methyl-bis (3-ethylhexyl) amine, N-methyl-bis (4-ethylhexyl) amine, N-methyl-bis (2-propylpentyl) amine , N-methyl-bis (cyclooctyl) amine, N-methyl-bis (dimethylcyclohexyl) amine, N-
• Ethyl bis (6-methylheptyl) amine, N-ethyl bis (2-ethylhexyl) amine, N-ethyl bis (3-ethylhexyl) amine, N-ethyl bis (4-ethylhexyl) amine, N-ethyl bis (2-propylpentyl) amine, N-ethyl-bis (cyclooctyl) amine, N-ethyl-bis (dimethylcyclohexyl) amine.
• Non-limiting examples of the alkali or alkaline earth tetraphenyl borates used are:
• borates can also contain solvents such as etherate or the like.
• the reaction to the corresponding ammonium compounds of formula (I) or (II) can be carried out in an aliphatic or aromatic solvent such as toluene, heptane, tetrahydrofuran or diethyl ether.
• the reaction time is between 1 minute and 24 hours, with a reaction time between 5 minutes and 240 minutes being preferred.
• the reaction temperature is between -10 ° C and + 200 ° C, with a temperature between 0 ° C and 50 ° C being preferred.
• the present invention also relates to a catalyst system, which is also the subject of the present invention.
• the catalyst system according to the invention contains:
• Metallocene compounds are used as the organometallic transition compound A). These can be, for example, bridged or unbridged biscyclopentadienyl complexes, as described, for example, in EP-A-0 129 368, EP-A-0 561 479, EP-A-0 545 304 and EP-A-0 576 970, monocyclopentadienyl complexes how to bridged amidocyclopentadienyl complexes which are described, for example, in EP-A-0 416 815, multinuclear cyclopentadienyl complexes such as, for example, described in EP-A-0 632 063, ⁇ -ligand-substituted tetrahydropentalenes, such as described in EP-A-0 659 758, or ⁇ - Ligand-substituted tetrahydroindenes as described for example in EP-A-0 661 300.
• Organometallic compounds can also be used in which the complexing ligand does not contain a cyclopentadienyl ligand. Examples of these are diamine complexes of metals of III. and IV. Subgroup of the Periodic Table of the Elements, as described, for example, in DH McConville, et al, Macromolecules, 1996, 29, 5241 and DH McConville, et al, J. Am. Chem. Soc, 1996, 118, 10008. In addition, diimine complexes of metals of subgroup VIII of the Periodic Table of the Elements (eg Ni 2+ or Pd 2+ complexes), as described by Brookhart et al, J. Am. Chem. Soc.
• Preferred metallocene compounds are unbridged or bridged compounds of the formula (III),
• M 2 is a metal of III., IV., V. or VI.
• R 10 are the same or different and are a hydrogen atom or Si (R 12 ) 3 , in which R 12 is the same or different a hydrogen atom or a C 4 -C 4 -carbon-containing group, preferably C 1 -C 4 -alkyl, C 1 -C 8 -fluoroalkyl, C ⁇ -C ⁇ o-alkoxy, C 6 -C 2 o-aryl, C 6 -C ⁇ 0 -fluoroaryl, C 6 -C ⁇ 0 -aryloxy, C -C 10 -alkenyl, CC 4 o-arylalkyl, C 7 -C 4 o -Alkylaryl or C 8 -C 4 o-arylalkenyl, or R 10 is a -C-C 30 - carbon-containing group, preferably -C-
• R 11 are the same or different and are a hydrogen atom or Si (R 12 ) 3 , in which R 12, the same or different, is a hydrogen atom or a C 4 -C 4 -carbon-containing group, preferably C 1 -C 4 -alkyl, C 1 -C 8 Fluoroalkyl, -C-C ⁇ o-alkoxy, C 6 -C ⁇ 4 -aryl, C 6 -C ⁇ 0 -fluoroaryl, C ⁇ -Cio-aryloxy, C 2 -C ⁇ o-alkenyl, C 7 -C 4 o-arylalkyl, CC 0 -alkylaryl or C 8 -C 4 o-arylalkenyl, or R 11 is a C 1 -C 30 carbon-containing group, preferably C 1 -C 25 alkyl, such as methyl, ethyl, tert-butyl, cyclohexyl or octyl, C 2
• radicals R 11 can be linked together so that the radicals R 11 and the atoms connecting them of the cyclopentadienyl ring form a C 4 -C 24 ring system, which in turn can be substituted .
• L 1 can be the same or different and a hydrogen atom, a C ⁇ -C ⁇ o ⁇ hydrocarbon group such as C ⁇ -C ⁇ o ⁇ alkyl or C 6 -C ⁇ o-aryl, a halogen atom, or OR 16 , SR 16 , OSi (R 16 ) 3 , Si ( R 16 ) 3 , P (R 16 ) 2 or N (R 16 ) 2 , in which R 16 represents a halogen atom, a Ci-Cio alkyl group, a halogenated Ci-Cio alkyl group, a Ce-C 20 aryl group or a halogenated Ce C 2 o are aryl group, or L 1 are a toluenesulfonyl, trifluoroacetyl, trifluoroacetoxyl, trifluoromethanesulfonyl, Nonafluorobutanesulfonyl or 2,2,2-trifluoroethanesulfony
• o is an integer from 1 to 4, preferably 2,
• Z denotes a bridging structural element between the two cyclopentadienyl rings and v is 0 or 1.
• Z examples are groups M 2 R 13 R 14 , in which M 2 is carbon, silicon, germanium boron or tin and R 13 and R 14, the same or different, are a C 1 -C 2 o -hydrocarbon-containing group such as C 1 -C 8 -alkyl , C 6 -Ci 4 aryl or trimethylsilyl mean.
• Z is preferably CH 2 , CH 2 CH 2 , CH (CH 3 ) CH 2 , CH (C4H9) C (CH 3 ) 2 , C (CH 3 ) 2 , (CH 3 ) 2 Si, (CH 3 ) 2 Ge, (CH 3 ) 2 Sn, (C 6 H 5 ) 2 Si, (C 6 H 5 ) (CH 3 ) Si, (C 6 H 5 ) 2 Ge, (C 6 H 5 ) 2 Sn, (CH 2 ) 4 Si, CH 2 Si (CH 3 ) 2 , oC 6 H 4 or 2, 2 '- (C 6 H 4 ) 2 .
• Z can also form a mono- or polycyclic ring system with one or more radicals R 10 and / or R 11 .
• Chiral bridged metallocene compounds of the formula (III) are preferred, in particular those in which v is 1 and one or both cyclopentadienyl rings are substituted such that they represent an indenyl ring.
• the indenyl ring is preferably substituted, in particular in the 2-, -, 2,4,5-, 2,4,6-, 2,4,7 or 2,4, 5, 6-position, with -C-C 2 o- carbon-containing groups, such as Ci-Cirj-alkyl or C 6 -C 0 aryl, where two or more substituents of the indenyl ring together can form a ring system.
• Chiral bridged metallocene compounds of the formula (III) can be used as pure racemic or pure meso compounds. Mixtures of a racemic compound and a meso compound can also be used.
• metallocene compounds are: dimethylsilanediylbis (indenyl) zirconium dichloride
• Methyl (phenyl) silanediylbis (2-methyl-indenyl) zirconium dichloride Methyl (phenyl) silanediylbis (2-methyl-5-isobutyl-indenyl) zirconium dichloride 1, 2-ethanediylbis (2-methyl-4-phenyl-indenyl) zirconium dichloride 1, 4 -Butanediylbis (2-methyl-4-phenyl-indenyl) zirconium dichloride 1, 2-Ethanediylbis (2-methyl-4, 6 diisopropyl-indenyl) zirconium dichloride
• Dimethylsilanediylbis (2-methyl-4- (4'-n-propyl-phenyl) -indenyl) zirconium dichloride Dimethylsilanediylbis (2-methyl-4- (4'-n-butyl-phenyl) -indenyl) zirconium dichloride
• Dimethylsilanediylbis (2-ethyl-4-phenyl) -indenyl) zirconium dichloride Dimethylsilanediylbis (2-ethyl-4- (4'-methyl-phenyl) -indenyl) zirconium dichloride
• Dimethylsilanediylbis (2-hexyl-4-phenyl) -indenyl) zirconium dichloride Dimethylsilanediylbis (2-hexyl-4- (4'-methyl-phenyl) -indenyl) zirconium dichloride
• Dimethylsilanediylbis (2-hexyl-4- (4'-isopropylphenyl) -indenyl) zirconium dichloride Dimethylsilanediylbis (2-hexyl-4- (4'-n-butyl-phenyl) -indenyl) zirconium dichloride
• Ethylidenebis (2-ethyl-4- (4'-tert.-butyl-phenyl) -indenyl) hafniumdimethyl ethylidenebis (2-n-propyl-4-phenyl) -indenyl) titanium dimethyl ethylidenebis (2-ethyl-4- ( 4'-tert.-butyl-phenyl) -indenyl) zirconium bis (dimethylamide)
• Dimethylsilanediyl (2-methyl-6-thiapentalen) (2-methyl-4- (4 '-ethylphenyl-indenyl) zirconium dichloride Dimethylsilanediyl (2, 5-dimethyl-4-thiapentalen)) (2-methyl-4- (4' -ethylphenyl-indenyl) zirconium dichloride dimethylsilanediyl (2, 5-dimethyl-6-thiapentalene) (2-methyl-4- (4 '-ethylphenyl-indenyl) zirconium dichloride dimethylsilanediyl (2-methyl-4-oxapentalen) (2-methyl -4- (4'-ethylphenyl-indenyl) zirconium dichloride Dimethylsilanediyl (2-methyl-5-oxapentalene) (2-methyl-4- (4'-ethylphenyl-indenyl) zirconium dichlor
• Dimethylsilanediyl (2-methyl-6-oxapentalen) (2-methyl-4- (4 '-ethylphenyl-indenyl) zirconium dichloride Dimethylsilanediyl (2, 5-dimethyl-4-oxapentalen)) (2-methyl-4- (4' -ethylphenyl-indenyl) zirconium dichloride dimethylsilanediyl (2, 5-dimethyl-6-oxapentalen) (2-methyl-4- (4 '-ethylphenyl-indenyl) zirconium dichloride dimethylsilanediyl (2-methyl-4-azapentalen) (2-methyl -4- (4'-n-propylphenyl-indenyl) zirconium dichloride Dimethylsilanediyl (2-methyl-5-azapentalen) (2-methyl-4- (4 '-n-propylphenyl-indenyl) zirconium dichlor
• Dimethylsilanediyl (2, 5-dimethyl-4-oxapentalen) (2-methyl-4- (4' -s-butylphenyl-indenyl) zirconium dichloride
• Dimethylsilanediyl (2,5-dimethyl-6-oxapentalen) (2-methyl-4- (4 '-s-butylphenyl-indenyl) zirconium dichloride
• metallocenes in the list above which instead of "zirconium dichloride” are the groups zirconium monochloro-mono- (2, 4-di-tert-butyl-phenolate) zirconium monochloro-mono- (2, 6-di -tert.
• Zirconium-monochloro-mono-neopentyl have examples of the metallocenes according to the invention.
• corresponding zirconium dimethyl compounds the corresponding zirconium ⁇ 4 butadiene compounds, and the corresponding compounds with 1, 2- (1-methylethanediyl) -, 1, 2- (1, 1-dimethyl) -ethanediyl) - and 1, 2 (1, 2-dimethyl-ethanediyl) bridge.
• the catalyst system according to the invention contains at least one Lewis base B) of the formula (IV), usually an organometallic transition compound which can be reacted in any stoichiometric ratio with compounds of the formula (I), (II) or (III).
• the radicals R 20 in formula (IV) can be the same or different and a halogen atom, a hydrogen atom, a C 1 -C 8 carbon-containing group, preferably C 1 -C 2 o alkyl, C 1 -C 6 haloalkyl,
• R are Ci-C ⁇ -alkyl-groups 20, particularly preferably R 20 are C ⁇ -C 4 alkyl groups.
• a molar ratio of boron: M 2 between the compounds of the formulas (I) and / or (II) and the formula (III) is used from 0.01 to 10,000.
• a molar ratio of 0.1 to 1000 is preferred, and a molar ratio of 1 to 100 is very particularly preferably used.
• a compound of formula (IV) in an Al: M 2 molar ratio of from 0.01 to 10,000 can also be added.
• a molar ratio of 0.1 to 1000 is preferred, and a molar ratio of 1 to 100 is very particularly preferably used.
• connections can be brought into contact with one another in any conceivable combination.
• One possible procedure is for an organic transition metal compound of the formula (III) to be dissolved or suspended in an aliphatic or aromatic solvent such as toluene, heptane, tetrahydrofuran or diethyl ether.
• a compound of the formula (IV) is then added in dissolved or in suspended form.
• the reaction time is between 1 minute and 24 hours, with a reaction time between 5 minutes and 120 minutes being preferred.
• the reaction temperature is between -10 ° C and + 200 ° C, with a temperature between 0 ° C and 50 ° C being preferred.
• An organoboron compound of the formula (I) or (II) is then added either in bulk or in dissolved or suspended form.
• the reaction time is between 1 minute and 24 hours, with a reaction time between 5 minutes and 120 minutes being preferred.
• the reaction temperature is between -10 ° C and + 200 ° C, with a temperature between 0 ° C and 50 ° C being preferred.
• the individual components can also be added to the polymerization kettle one after the other in any order.
• the catalyst system according to the invention can also be used in a supported manner. To this end, the catalyst system according to the invention can be reacted with a support component:
• the catalyst system according to the invention also contains at least one support component C), which can be any organic or inorganic, inert solid, in particular a porous support such as talc, inorganic oxides and finely divided polymer powders (e.g. polyolefins).
• support component C can be any organic or inorganic, inert solid, in particular a porous support such as talc, inorganic oxides and finely divided polymer powders (e.g. polyolefins).
• Suitable inorganic oxides can be found in groups 2, 3, 4, 5, 13, 14, 15 and 16 of the Periodic Table of the Elements.
• preferred oxides as carriers include silicon dioxide, aluminum oxide, and mixed oxides and / or Mg / Al mixed oxide of the two elements and corresponding oxide mixtures.
• Other inorganic oxides that can be used alone or in combination with the last-mentioned preferred oxide carriers are, for example, MgO, Zr0 2 , Ti0 2 or B 2 0 3 , to name just a few.
• the carrier materials used have a specific surface area in the range from 10 to 1000 m / g, a pore volume in the range from 0.1 to 5 ml / g and an average particle size from 1 to 500 ⁇ m.
• Carriers with a specific surface area in the range from 50 to 500 m 2 / g, a pore volume in the range between 0.5 and 3.5 ml / g and an average particle size in the range from 5 to 350 ⁇ m are preferred.
• Carriers with a specific surface area in the range from 200 to 400 m 2 / g, a pore volume in the range between 0.8 to 3.0 ml / g and an average particle size of 10 to 200 ⁇ m are particularly preferred.
• the carrier material used naturally has a low moisture content or residual solvent content, dehydration or drying can be avoided before use. If this is not the case, as is the case when using silica gel as the carrier material, dehydration or drying is recommended.
• the thermal dehydration or drying of the carrier material can be carried out under vacuum and at the same time with an inert gas blanket (eg nitrogen).
• the drying temperature is in the range between 100 and 1000 ° C, preferably between 200 and 800 ° C. In this case, the pressure parameter is not critical.
• the drying process can take between 1 and 24 hours. Shorter or longer drying times are possible, provided that under the chosen conditions the equilibrium can be established with the hydroxyl groups on the surface of the support, which normally requires between 4 and 8 hours.
• Suitable inerting agents are, for example, silicon halides and silanes, such as silicon tetrachloride, chlorotrimethylsilane, dimethylaminotrichlorosilane or organometallic
• Suitable solvents are e.g. aliphatic or aromatic hydrocarbons such as pentane, hexane, heptane, toluene or xylene.
• the inerting takes place at temperatures between 25 ° C and 120 ° C, preferably between 50 ° C and 70 ° C.
• the duration of the reaction is between 30 minutes and 20 hours, preferably 1 to 5 hours.
• the carrier material can be isolated by filtration under inert conditions, washed one or more times with suitable inert solvents as described above and then dried in an inert gas stream or in vacuo.
• Organic carrier materials such as finely divided polyolefin powders (e.g. polyethylene, polypropylene or polystyrene) can also be used and should also be freed from adhering moisture, solvent residues or other contaminants by appropriate cleaning and drying operations before use.
• polyolefin powders e.g. polyethylene, polypropylene or polystyrene
• the catalyst mixture prepared above is mixed with a dehydrated or inertized support material, the solvent is removed and the resulting supported metallocene catalyst system is dried to ensure that the solvent is removed completely or for the most part from the pores of the support material ,
• the supported catalyst is obtained as a free-flowing powder.
• the present invention also relates to a process for the preparation of a polyolefin by polymerizing one or more olefins in the presence of the catalyst system according to the invention, comprising at least one transition metal component of the formula (IV).
• the term polymerisation is understood to mean homopolymerization as well as copolymerization.
• olefins examples include 1-olefins having 2 to 40, preferably 2 to 10 carbon atoms, such as ethene, propene, 1-butene, 1-pentene, 1-hexene, 4-methyl-1-pentene or 1-octene, styrene, Dienes such as 1,3-butadiene, 1,4-hexadiene, vinyl norbornene, norbornadiene, ethyl norbornadiene and cyclic olefins such as norbornene, tetracyclododecene or methyl norbornene.
• propene or ethene is preferably homopolymerized, or propene with ethene and / or with one or more 1-olefins having 4 to 20 C atoms, such as hexene, and / or one or more dienes having 4 to 20 C atoms such as 1, 4-butadiene, norbomadiene, ethylidene norbornene or ethyl norbornadiene.
• Examples of such copolymers are ethene / propene copolymers or ethene / propene / 1,4-hexadiene terpolymers.
• the polymerization is carried out at a temperature of from -60 ° C. to 300 ° C., preferably from 50 ° C. to 200 ° C., very particularly preferably from 50 ° C. to 80 ° C.
• the pressure is 0.5 to 2000 bar, preferably 5 to 64 bar.
• the polymerization can be carried out in solution, in bulk, in suspension or in the gas phase, continuously or batchwise, in one or more stages.
• the supported catalyst system can either be formed directly in the polymerization system, or it can be resuspended as a powder or solvent, and metered into the polymerization system as a suspension in an inert suspension medium.
• Pre-polymerization can be carried out with the aid of the catalyst system according to the invention.
• the (or one of the) olefin (s) used in the polymerization is preferably used. use.
• catalyst systems are preferably used which contain two or more different transition metal compounds, e.g. B. contain metal ocenes and / or two or more different cocatalytically active element organic compounds.
• Trimethyl aluminum, triethyl aluminum or triisobutyl aluminum advantageous. This cleaning can take place both in the polymerization system itself or the olefin is brought into contact with the Al compound before the addition into the polymerization system and then separated again.
• the total pressure in the polymerization system is 0.5 to 2500 bar, preferably 2 to 1500 bar.
• the catalyst system according to the invention is used in a concentration, based on the transition metal, of preferably 10 -3 to 10 ⁇ 8 , preferably 10 ⁇ 4 to 10 " 7 mol transition metal per dm 3 solvent or per dm 3 reactor volume.
• Suitable solvents for the preparation of both the supported chemical compound according to the invention and the catalyst system according to the invention are aliphatic or aromatic solvents such as hexane or toluene, ethereal solvents such as tetrahydrofuran or diethyl ether or halogenated hydrocarbons such as methylene chloride or halogenated aromatic hydrocarbons such as o -dichlorobenzene.
• an alkylaluminum compound such as trimethylaluminum, triethylaluminium, triisobutylaluminum, trioctylaluminum or isoprenylaluminium can be added to the reactor to render it inert (for example to separate off existing catalyst poisons in the olefin). This is added to the polymerization system in a concentration of 200 to 0.001 mmol of AI per kg of reactor content.
• Triisobutylaluminum and triethylaluminum are preferably used in a concentration of 10 to 0.01 mmol AI per kg reactor content, so that a supported one can be used in the synthesis Catalyst system the molar Al / M 1 ratio can be chosen small.
• an additive such as an antistatic can be used in the process according to the invention, for example to improve the grain morphology of the olefin polymer.
• antistatic agents that are suitable for the polymerization can be used. Examples of these are salt mixtures of calcium salts of medialanic acid and chromium salts of N-stearylanthranilic acid, which are described in DE-A-3, 543,360.
• suitable antistatic agents are, for example, isopropanol, C 2 - to C 22 ⁇ fatty acid soaps of alkali or alkaline earth metals, salts of sulfonic acid esters, esters of polyethylene glycols with fatty acids, polyoxyethylene alkyl ethers, etc.
• An overview of antistatic agents is given in EP-A-0, 107, 127 ,
• a mixture of a metal salt of medialanic acid, a metal salt of anthranilic acid and a polyamine can be used as an antistatic, as described in EP-A-0, 636, 636.
• Commercially available products such as Stadis ® 450 from DuPont, a mixture of toluene, isopropanol, dodecylbenzenesulfonic acid, a polyamine, a copolymer of Dec-1-en and S0 2 and Dec-1-en or ASA ® -3 from Shell and Breamer 163 from ICI can also be used.
• the antistatic agent is used as a solution, are in the preferred case of isopropanol, Stadis ® 450 and Atmer 163 preferably 1 to 50 wt .-% of this solution, preferably 5 to 25 wt .-%, based on the weight of the supported catalyst used (carrier used with covalently fixed metallocenium-forming compound and one or more metallocene compounds, for example of the formula X).
• the supported catalyst used carrier used with covalently fixed metallocenium-forming compound and one or more metallocene compounds, for example of the formula X.
• the required amounts of antistatic can vary widely.
• the actual polymerization is preferably carried out in liquid monomers (bulk) or in the gas phase.
• the antistatic can be added at any time for the polymerization.
• a preferred procedure is that the supported catalyst system is resuspended in an organic solvent, preferably alkanes such as heptane or isododecane. It is then added to the polymerization autoclave with stirring. Then the antistatic is added. The polymerization is carried out at temperatures in the range from 0 to 100.degree.
• Another preferred procedure is that the antistatic before adding the supported catalyst system in the polymerization autoclave is metered. The resuspended supported catalyst system is then metered in with stirring at temperatures in the range from 0 to 100.degree.
• the polymerization time can range from 0.1 to 24 hours. A polymerization time in the range from 0.1 to 5 hours is preferred.
• the polymers produced by the process according to the invention are distinguished by a narrow molecular weight distribution and good grain morphology.
• the polymers shown with the catalyst system according to the invention have a uniform grain morphology and have no fine grain fractions. No deposits or caking occur in the polymerization with the catalyst system according to the invention.
• the isotactic polypropylene which has been produced with the catalyst system according to the invention, is characterized by a proportion of 2-1-inserted propene units RI ⁇ 0.5% with a triad tacticity TT> 98.0% and a melting point> 156 ° C, where M w / M n of the polypropylene produced according to the invention is between 2.5 and 3.5.
• the compounds of the formula (I) and (II) according to the invention and their catalyst systems are distinguished by the fact that starting materials are not carcinogenic, mutagenic or extremely toxic.
• the good solubility of the ammonium tetraphenyl borates described also leads to almost completely converted catalyst systems. This criterion leads to significant cost savings and thus good economic use.
• the polymers produced by the process according to the invention are particularly suitable for producing tear-resistant, hard and rigid moldings such as fibers, filaments, injection molded parts, foils, plates or large hollow bodies (e.g. pipes).
• a possible catalyst system which is generally described and valid above, can take place in the following order:
• a metal compound of the formula (IV) as described under C.
• the metal compound of the general formula (IV) is preferably added as a solution to a suspension of the carrier.
• the solvents described under B are to be used as solvents or suspending agents.
• the amount of metal compounds of the formula (IV) can vary within wide limits; the minimum amount depends on the number of hydroxyl groups in the support.
• the temperature, reaction times and pressures are not critical per se; the temperatures and reaction times described under B are preferred.
• This material is then reacted in a further stage B with a metal complex of the formula (III) and a compound which forms metallocenium ions. Mixtures of different metallocene complexes can also be used.
• Suitable compounds of the formula (I) or (II) according to the invention are to be used as suitable compounds which form metallocenium ions.
• the conditions for the reaction of the metallocene complex with the compound of the formula I which forms metallocennium ions are not critical per se, preference is given to working in solution, hydrocarbons, preferably aromatic hydrocarbons such as toluene, being particularly suitable as solvents.
• the material produced according to A is now given.
• the conditions for this reaction are also not critical; temperature in the range from 20 to 80 ° C. and reaction times in the range from 0.1 to 20 hours have proven to be particularly suitable.
• the activation stage the material obtained according to B) is reacted with a metal compound of the general formula X.
• This activation can at any time, i. H. before, at or after the metering of the material obtained in B) into the reactor.
• the activation is preferably carried out after the metering of the material obtained in B) in the reactor.
• the activation compounds according to the invention are particularly notable for high activity; they can be stored for a long time, are not pyrophoric and readily soluble.
• N, N-dimethylcyclohexylamine and 700 ml of heptane were placed in a 500 ml three-necked flask with an internal thermometer and gas inlet tap under argon. HCl gas was introduced into this reaction mixture from a gas development aperture for 1 hour. The resulting N, N-dimethylcyclohexylammonium hydrochloride was separated off on a G4 frit, washed with 100 ml of heptane and dried in an oil pump vacuum. 19.0 g (98%) of the desired product were isolated.
• silica gel type MS 948, from W.R. Grace, pore volume 20 1.6 ml / g, 8 hours at approx. 2 mbar and baked at 180 ° C.
• silica gel type MS 948, from W.R. Grace, pore volume 20 1.6 ml / g, 8 hours at approx. 2 mbar and baked at 180 ° C.
• 4 l of dry heptane under an N2 atmosphere.
• 2 liters of triiso-butyl aluminum (2 molar in heptane, Witco) were added so that the temperature of the suspension did not exceed 30 ° C.
• the mixture was then stirred for 2 h at room temperature, filtered 25 and the filter cake washed with 3 1 heptane. Finally it was dried in vacuo.
• the melting temperature T m was determined by DSC measurement according to ISO standard 3146 with a first heating with a heating rate of 20 ° C per minute to 200 ° C, a dynamic crystallization with a cooling rate of 20 ° C per minute to 25 ° C and a second heating with a heating rate of 20 ° C per minute again determined up to 200 ° C.
• the melting temperature is then the temperature at which the enthalpy versus temperature curve measured during the second heating has the maximum.

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• 1999
  • 1999-12-23 DE DE19962910A patent/DE19962910A1/de not_active Withdrawn
• 2000
  • 2000-12-21 US US10/168,719 patent/US7101940B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 2000-12-21 JP JP2001548573A patent/JP2003518516A/ja active Pending
  • 2000-12-21 EP EP00991248A patent/EP1250363B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
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