WO2001010063A1 - Repetiteur d'amplification optique et systeme d'emission et de repetition d'amplification optique - Google Patents

Repetiteur d'amplification optique et systeme d'emission et de repetition d'amplification optique Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2001010063A1
WO2001010063A1 PCT/JP2000/004946 JP0004946W WO0110063A1 WO 2001010063 A1 WO2001010063 A1 WO 2001010063A1 JP 0004946 W JP0004946 W JP 0004946W WO 0110063 A1 WO0110063 A1 WO 0110063A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
optical
repeater
gain
control signal
output
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/JP2000/004946
Other languages
English (en)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
Kuniaki Motoshima
Katsuhiro Shimizu
Junichi Nakagawa
Naoki Suzuki
Original Assignee
Mitsubishi Denki Kabushiki Kaisha
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Mitsubishi Denki Kabushiki Kaisha filed Critical Mitsubishi Denki Kabushiki Kaisha
Priority to EP00946485A priority Critical patent/EP1120925B1/fr
Priority to DE60036774T priority patent/DE60036774T2/de
Priority to US09/806,456 priority patent/US6657778B1/en
Publication of WO2001010063A1 publication Critical patent/WO2001010063A1/fr
Priority to US10/713,259 priority patent/US7170673B2/en

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B10/00—Transmission systems employing electromagnetic waves other than radio-waves, e.g. infrared, visible or ultraviolet light, or employing corpuscular radiation, e.g. quantum communication
    • H04B10/29—Repeaters
    • H04B10/291—Repeaters in which processing or amplification is carried out without conversion of the main signal from optical form
    • H04B10/293—Signal power control
    • H04B10/294—Signal power control in a multiwavelength system, e.g. gain equalisation
    • H04B10/2941—Signal power control in a multiwavelength system, e.g. gain equalisation using an equalising unit, e.g. a filter
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B10/00—Transmission systems employing electromagnetic waves other than radio-waves, e.g. infrared, visible or ultraviolet light, or employing corpuscular radiation, e.g. quantum communication
    • H04B10/29—Repeaters
    • H04B10/291—Repeaters in which processing or amplification is carried out without conversion of the main signal from optical form
    • H04B10/293—Signal power control
    • H04B10/294—Signal power control in a multiwavelength system, e.g. gain equalisation
    • H04B10/296—Transient power control, e.g. due to channel add/drop or rapid fluctuations in the input power
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04J—MULTIPLEX COMMUNICATION
    • H04J14/00—Optical multiplex systems
    • H04J14/02—Wavelength-division multiplex systems
    • H04J14/0221—Power control, e.g. to keep the total optical power constant
    • H04J14/02216—Power control, e.g. to keep the total optical power constant by gain equalization
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B2210/00—Indexing scheme relating to optical transmission systems
    • H04B2210/25—Distortion or dispersion compensation
    • H04B2210/258—Distortion or dispersion compensation treating each wavelength or wavelength band separately

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an optical amplifying repeater using an optical amplifier using an optical fiber to which a laser active substance such as a rare earth element or a transition metal is added as a repeater, and an optical amplifying repeater using the optical amplifying repeater It relates to a transmission system. Scenic kr
  • the optical fiber amplifier does not depend on the transmission speed, the repeater can be simplified, the capacity can be increased by wavelength multiplexing, etc. It is expected to be a key component that increases the flexibility of optical communication systems.
  • drastic economy can be achieved by using an optical fiber amplifier capable of batch amplification of multiple wavelengths as a repeater.
  • optical amplification repeaters of this type include those shown in, for example, Optical Amplifiers and third Application, pp. 280 to 283, 1998. It is a block diagram showing an amplification repeater.
  • 1 and 4 are fixed gain optical amplifiers that collectively amplify optical signals of people 1 to ⁇
  • 3 is a variable optical attenuator
  • 7 is an optical power bra that extracts a part of output power
  • 6 is Optical attenuator control circuit for controlling the variable optical attenuator
  • 501, 506 are optical amplifiers using erbium-doped fibers, etc.
  • 502, 507 are pump light sources
  • Reference numerals 508 and 509 denote optical power blurs for extracting a part of the power of the input light
  • 505 and 510 denote excitation light source control circuits for controlling an excitation light source.
  • the input wavelength-division multiplexed signals 1 to ⁇ are amplified by a fixed gain optical amplifier 1 with a predetermined gain of G0, and then subjected to a predetermined attenuation by a variable optical attenuator 3 to obtain a fixed gain optical amplifier.
  • the signal is amplified again with the predetermined gain G 1, and is output after passing through the optical power blur 77.
  • Part of the output signal extracted by the optical power bra 7 7 is optically attenuated. Detected by the detector control circuit 6.
  • the optical variable attenuator control circuit 6 controls the amount of attenuation of the optical variable attenuator 3 so that a part of the output signal extracted by the optical power blur 77 has a predetermined value.
  • the total output of the optical amplification repeater is maintained at a constant value. If the number of wavelengths is constant, the output for each wavelength is kept constant, and ideal operation is possible.
  • the input and output powers of the fixed gain amplifier 1 are monitored by optical power blurs 503 and 504, and the pumping light source 505 controls the pumping light source 102 so that the ratio of the input and output powers becomes constant. As a result, the gain of the fixed gain amplifier 1 becomes constant.
  • the operation of fixed gain amplifier 4 is the same.
  • FIG. 13 is a block diagram showing another conventional optical amplification repeater shown in, for example, Optical Amplifiers and Their Applications, MD1, 1998.
  • This optical amplifying repeater amplifies the optical signals of persons 1 to n and controls the optical repeater gain based on the monitoring information sent from the terminal equipment by the monitoring light person s.
  • reference numeral 11 denotes an optical filter for separating optical signals 1 to In from the monitoring signal s
  • reference numeral 17 denotes a monitoring light receiver.
  • the input wavelength-division multiplexed signals 1 to n are amplified by a fixed gain optical amplifier 1 with a predetermined gain of G0, then subjected to a predetermined attenuation by a variable optical attenuator 3, and then fixed gain optical amplifiers.
  • the signal is amplified again with the predetermined gain G 1, and is output after passing through the optical power blur 77.
  • a part of the output signal extracted by the optical power blur 77 is detected by the optical attenuator control circuit 6.
  • the optical variable attenuator control circuit 6 controls the amount of attenuation of the optical variable attenuator 3 so that a part of the output signal extracted by the optical power blur 77 has a predetermined value.
  • the total output of the optical amplification repeater is maintained at a constant value. If the number of wavelengths is constant, the output for each wavelength will be kept constant, and ideal operation will be possible.
  • the information on the number of wavelengths is included in the monitoring information transmitted from the terminal equipment by the monitoring light source s, is received by the monitoring light receiver 17, and is input to the optical variable attenuator control circuit 6.
  • the optical variable attenuator control circuit 6 In the conventional optical amplification repeater having such a configuration, a part of the output of the optical amplifier is extracted by the optical power bra 77 as described above, and the optical variable attenuator 3 is controlled so that the power becomes constant. I was As a result, very cumbersome procedures are needed for increasing or decreasing the number of wavelengths.
  • the total output depends on the number of wavelengths. It is necessary to notify the optical attenuator control circuit 6 of the value to be taken by the optical power extracted from the optical power blur 77 in advance. Therefore, for example, if one of the wavelength-multiplexed input signals 1 to n is not output due to a failure of the transmitter, the above notification procedure cannot be made in time, and the power of other wavelengths fluctuates. And affect communication quality.
  • the present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems, and has an optical amplification repeater that does not affect the communication quality even if the power of another wavelength fluctuates. It is an object of the present invention to obtain an optical amplification repeater transmission system having a constant gain regardless of the gain. Disclosure of the invention
  • An optical amplification repeater comprises: an input terminal for inputting a plurality of wavelength-multiplexed optical signals; a first fixed gain optical amplifier for amplifying a plurality of optical signals input from the input terminal by a predetermined gain; An optical variable attenuator that attenuates the optical signal amplified by the first fixed gain optical amplifier by a predetermined value; an optical demultiplexer that splits the optical signal from the optical variable attenuator into a plurality of wavelengths; Fixed gain optical amplifiers l to n, which amplify a plurality of wavelength-division-multiplexed optical signals from the optical filter by a predetermined gain, and one of the outputs of fixed gain optical amplifiers 1 to n, and a specific monitor light A monitoring optical demultiplexer that extracts a part of the signal, an optical multiplexer that combines the outputs of the fixed gain optical amplifiers l to n and outputs an optical signal, and detects the output power of the monitoring optical demultiplexer and detect
  • the optical amplification repeater is an input terminal for inputting a plurality of wavelength-multiplexed optical signals, and a first fixed gain optical amplifier for amplifying the plurality of optical signals input from the input terminal by a predetermined gain.
  • an optical demultiplexer connected to the output of the first fixed gain optical amplifier for demultiplexing and outputting a plurality of wavelengths, and optical variable attenuators 1 to n for attenuating the output of the optical demultiplexer by a predetermined value
  • the output of the fixed gain optical amplifiers l to n which are connected to the outputs of the fixed gain optical amplifiers 1 to n and extract a part of the specific monitor light l to n, and the outputs of the fixed gain optical amplifiers l to n Detects the output power of the optical multiplexer that outputs the optical signal and the output power of the monitoring optical demultiplexers 1 to n, and attenuates the optical attenuator so that the detected value becomes constant And an optical attenuator control circuit for controlling the quantity.
  • the first fixed gain optical amplifier includes an optical fiber as a transmission line, a pump light source that generates an induced Raman amplification effect in a wavelength band of a plurality of wavelength-multiplexed optical signals in the optical fiber, and a pump light source. It has an output and an optical coupler for multiplexing a plurality of wavelength-multiplexed optical signals.
  • the first fixed gain optical amplifier is composed of an optical fiber doped with a rare earth or a transition metal, and a pump that generates an amplification effect by stimulated emission in a wavelength band of a plurality of wavelength-multiplexed optical signals in the optical fiber.
  • An optical fiber that has a light source and an optical coupler that multiplexes a plurality of optical signals wavelength-multiplexed with the output of the pump light source and that is doped with a rare earth or transition metal operates in an unsaturated region.
  • the fixed gain optical amplifiers l to n each include an optical fiber doped with a rare earth or a transition metal, and an optical amplification unit including an excitation light source that excites the rare earth or the transition metal to generate a stimulated emission action.
  • a compensating light source that generates compensating light having a wavelength within the amplification wavelength band of the amplifying unit, a compensating optical multiplexer that combines a plurality of optical signals wavelength-multiplexed with the compensating light, and a compensating light at the output of the optical amplifying unit
  • the compensation optical demultiplexer that demultiplexes a plurality of wavelength-multiplexed optical signals and the power of the compensation light output from the compensation optical demultiplexer and the compensation light power at the output of the compensation light source are determined in advance.
  • a compensating light control circuit for controlling the output power of the compensating light source so that the reference value is obtained.
  • the fixed gain optical amplifiers l to n are composed of an optical fiber doped with a rare earth or a transition metal, an optical amplification unit composed of an excitation light source that excites the rare earth or the transition metal to generate a stimulated emission function, and an optical amplification unit.
  • a compensating light control circuit for controlling the output power of the compensating light source so that the spontaneous emission light power output from the unit becomes a predetermined reference value.
  • the fixed gain optical amplifiers l to n insert the variable optical attenuators 1 ′ to ⁇ ′ into the inputs or outputs of the fixed gain optical amplifiers l to n, and determine the attenuation of the variable optical attenuators 1, to ⁇ ′. It has a means to change according to the ambient temperature.
  • an optical amplifying repeater transmission system includes: a plurality of transmitters for transmitting optical signals of different wavelengths for transmitting information; a receiver for receiving optical signals of a plurality of wavelengths; Multiple optical repeaters installed between the receiver and the receiver to amplify multiple optical signals
  • an optical amplifying repeater transmission system composed of optical fibers connecting between a transmitter and an optical repeater, between optical repeaters, and between an optical repeater and a receiver, a plurality of optical signals are transmitted.
  • Control signal superimposing means for superimposing a control signal of a specific frequency on one, and control signal level detection that is connected to the output of the optical repeater and extracts part of the output of the optical repeater to detect the power of the control signal Means for controlling the gain of the optical repeater so that the control signal level detected by the control signal level detecting means is constant.
  • an optical amplifying repeater transmission system includes: a plurality of transmitters for transmitting optical signals of different wavelengths for transmitting information; a receiver for receiving optical signals of a plurality of wavelengths; Between the transmitter and the optical repeater, between the optical repeaters, and between the optical repeater and the receiver. And a control signal generating means for modulating one of a plurality of optical signals with a control signal of a specific frequency, and an optical repeater connected to an output of the optical repeater. Control signal level detecting means for detecting a part of the output of the optical repeater to detect the power of the control signal, and controlling the gain of the optical repeater so that the control signal level detected by the control signal level detecting means is constant. With optical repeater gain control means .
  • an optical amplifying repeater transmission system includes: a plurality of transmitters for transmitting optical signals of different wavelengths for transmitting information; a receiver for receiving optical signals of a plurality of wavelengths; Between the transmitter and the optical repeater, between the optical repeaters, and between the optical repeater and the receiver.
  • a control signal superimposing means for superimposing a control signal of a specific frequency on one of a plurality of optical signals, and an optical repeater connected to an output of the optical repeater.
  • Control signal level detecting means for detecting a part of the output of the optical repeater to detect the power of the control signal, and controlling the gain of the optical repeater so that the control signal level detected by the control signal level detecting means is constant.
  • Optical repeater gain control means and control Monitoring signal transmitting means for transmitting the transmission light level of the signal to the optical repeater; receiving the monitoring signal transmitted by the monitoring signal transmission means; and controlling the optical repeater gain control when the transmission light level of the control signal is normal. Activate the means and the transmission light level of the control signal is abnormal In this case, there is provided monitoring control means for maintaining the gain without operating the optical repeater gain control means.
  • the optical amplification relay transmission system includes a plurality of transmitters for transmitting optical signals of different wavelengths for transmitting information, a receiver for receiving optical signals of a plurality of wavelengths, and a transmitter.
  • a plurality of optical repeaters installed between the receivers and amplifying a plurality of optical signals, between the transmitter and the optical repeaters, between the plurality of optical repeaters, and between the optical repeaters and the receiver.
  • a control signal generating means for modulating one of a plurality of optical signals with a control signal of a specific frequency
  • an optical repeater connected to an output of the optical repeater.
  • Control signal level detection means for extracting a part of the output to detect the power of the control signal; and light for controlling the gain of the optical repeater so that the control signal level detected by the control signal level detection means is constant.
  • Repeater gain control means and control Monitoring signal transmitting means for transmitting the transmission light level of the signal to the optical repeater; receiving the monitoring signal transmitted by the monitoring signal transmission means; and controlling the optical repeater gain control when the transmission light level of the control signal is normal.
  • Monitoring means for operating the means and maintaining the gain without operating the optical repeater gain control means when the transmission light level of the control signal is abnormal.
  • the optical repeater gain control means includes an optical variable attenuator and a means for controlling the optical variable attenuator.
  • the frequency of the control signal is 100 kHz or higher.
  • the optical amplifying repeater according to the present invention is an optical amplifying repeater that amplifies a plurality of wavelength-multiplexed optical signals.
  • a first fixed gain optical amplifier for amplifying a plurality of input wavelength-multiplexed optical signals by a predetermined gain, and extracting a part of power of a control wavelength contained in an output of the first fixed gain optical amplifier
  • a control optical demultiplexer, an optical variable attenuator that attenuates the output of the first fixed gain optical amplifier by a predetermined value, and the output power of the control optical demultiplexer is detected, and the detected value becomes a constant value.
  • An optical attenuator control circuit that controls the amount of attenuation of the optical attenuator, and a second fixed circuit that is connected to the output of the optical variable attenuator and amplifies a plurality of input wavelength-multiplexed optical signals by a predetermined gain. And a gain optical amplifier. Furthermore, an output disconnection circuit for stopping the amplification function of the second fixed gain optical amplifier when detecting that the output of the control optical demultiplexer has disappeared is further provided.
  • FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing the configuration of the optical amplification repeater according to the first embodiment
  • FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing the configuration of the optical amplification repeater according to the second embodiment.
  • FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing the configuration of the optical amplification repeater according to the third embodiment.
  • FIG. 4 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration of an optical amplification repeater according to a fifth embodiment.
  • FIG. 5 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration of an optical amplification repeater according to a sixth embodiment.
  • FIG. 6 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration of an optical amplification repeater according to a seventh embodiment.
  • Figure 7 is a diagram showing the energy level of the doped fiber
  • FIG. 8 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration of an optical amplification relay transmission system according to an eighth embodiment.
  • FIG. 9 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration of an optical amplification relay transmission system according to a ninth embodiment.
  • FIG. 11 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration of an optical amplifying repeater according to Embodiment 13;
  • FIG. 12 is a block diagram illustrating a conventional optical amplifying repeater;
  • FIG. 13 is a block diagram showing another conventional optical amplification repeater. BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
  • FIG. 1 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration of the optical amplification repeater according to the first embodiment.
  • 1 is a first fixed gain optical amplifier
  • 2 is an optical demultiplexer
  • 3 is an optical variable attenuator
  • 4a to 4b are fixed gain optical amplifiers 1 to n
  • 5 is a supervisory optical demultiplexer
  • 6 is a variable attenuator control circuit
  • 7 is an optical multiplexer.
  • a first fixed-gain optical amplifier 1 is an optical signal that is divided into a plurality of n bands and wavelength-multiplexed.
  • the first band is 1530-156 nm
  • the second band The system which divides the code into two bands of 1570 to 160 nm and transmits 32 waves each is in the stage of practical use.
  • An erbium-doped fiber amplifier or the like can be applied as the first fixed gain optical amplifier 1.
  • optical signals of the first to n-th bands which have been collectively amplified, are appropriately attenuated by the optical variable attenuator 3 in accordance with the attenuation of the optical fiber connected before the optical amplifying repeater, and then the After being demultiplexed into each band by the demultiplexer 2 and amplified by the fixed gain optical amplifiers l to n having a high fixed gain in each band, they are multiplexed by the optical multiplexer 7 and output to the transmission line.
  • the monitoring optical demultiplexer 5 extracts a specific monitoring light, for example, a part of the optical power of 1 n, and outputs it to the variable attenuator control circuit 6.
  • the variable attenuator control circuit 6 controls the attenuation of the optical variable attenuator 3 so that the optical power of the person In becomes constant.
  • the above operation determines the gain of the optical amplification repeater at a specific wavelength. If an almost homogenous medium such as a semiconductor amplifier or an optical fino doped with a rare earth element is used as an optical amplification medium, other wavelengths can be used. Is also fixed. Therefore, an optical amplifier repeater having a gain that does not depend on the change in the number of wavelengths can be obtained.
  • FIG. 2 is a block diagram illustrating the configuration of the optical amplification repeater according to the second embodiment.
  • 1 is a first fixed gain optical amplifier
  • 2 is an optical demultiplexer
  • 3a to 3b are optical variable attenuators l to n
  • 4a to 4b are fixed gain optical amplifiers l to ri.
  • 5a to 5b are monitoring optical demultiplexers 1 to n
  • 6a to 6b are variable attenuator control circuits l to n
  • 7 are optical multiplexers.
  • the first fixed gain optical amplifier 1 is composed of a plurality of n-band optical signals 11 to 1 In (first band) and wavelength-division multiplexed optical signals 11 1 to 2 n. (2nd band) ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ 1 ⁇ person nn (nth band) is amplified by a predetermined gain.
  • the optical signals of the first to n-th bands which have been collectively amplified, are appropriately attenuated by the optical variable attenuators 3a to 3b, and then demultiplexed into each band by the optical demultiplexer 2.
  • the variable optical attenuators 3a to 3b are used to compensate for a change from a specified value of the loss of the optical fiber connected before the optical amplification relay device.
  • the attenuation of the optical variable attenuators 3a to 3b is set to D [dB].
  • band 1 band 1 ⁇ !
  • the attenuation to be set by the variable optical attenuators 3 a to 3 b differs due to the wavelength dependence of the loss of the optical fiber connected before the optical amplification repeater. Occurs.
  • the variable optical attenuators 3a to 3b are arranged for each band.
  • the monitoring optical demultiplexers 5a to 5b extract specific monitoring light, for example, a part of the optical power of ⁇ 1 ⁇ to person ⁇ ⁇ , and output them to the variable attenuator control circuits 6a to 6b.
  • the variable attenuator control circuits 6a to 6b control the attenuation of the optical variable attenuators 3a to 3b such that the optical power of 1 ⁇ to ⁇ ⁇ becomes constant, respectively.
  • the above operation determines the gain of the optical amplifying repeater in a specific band from 1 n to nn of the monitoring light wavelength, so that a semiconductor amplifier or an optical fiber doped with a rare earth element is used as an optical amplifying medium. If a nearly homogeneous medium is used, the gain at other wavelengths will also be fixed. Therefore, an optical amplification repeater having a gain that does not depend on fluctuations in the number of wavelengths can be obtained.
  • FIG. 3 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration of an optical amplification repeater according to a third embodiment.
  • 8 is an optical fiber
  • 9 is an optical coupler
  • 10 is an excitation light source.
  • the same or corresponding parts as those of the optical amplifying repeater of FIG. 2 are denoted by the same reference numerals, and description thereof will be omitted.
  • the pumping light source 10 according to the third embodiment sends pumping light to the optical fiber 8 via the optical coupler 9 to generate a stimulated Raman amplification function.
  • the induction Raman amplifier is less likely to cause gain saturation and can operate almost linearly up to an output power almost equal to the pump light power. It is an optimal amplification medium for a fixed gain amplifier. Thereby, an ideal operation as the first fixed gain amplifier 1 becomes possible.
  • the operation of the other parts in the figure is the same as in the second embodiment.
  • Example 4 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration of an optical amplification repeater according to a third embodiment.
  • the configuration of the optical amplifying repeater of the present embodiment is the same as that of the third embodiment, and the description is omitted. However, the excitation light source 10 is different.
  • the optical fiber 8 doped with a rare earth or transition metal generates an amplifying effect by stimulated emission in the optical fiber in a wavelength band of a plurality of wavelength-multiplexed optical signals, and operates sufficiently in an unsaturated region.
  • a high-output excitation light source 10 is used.
  • the optical coupler 7 multiplexes the output of the pump light source 10 and the plurality of wavelength-multiplexed optical signals. Therefore, by using a pump light source having a sufficiently high output, a constant gain can be obtained irrespective of the number of wavelengths of the input signal light and the loss difference of the transmission line.
  • Embodiment 5 Embodiment 5.
  • FIG. 4 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration of an optical amplification repeater according to a fifth embodiment. Specifically, a configuration example of the fixed gain optical amplifiers l to n is shown.
  • 61 is an optical isolator
  • 62 is an optical power blur as a compensating optical multiplexer
  • 63 is an optical fiber doped with rare earth or transition metal (hereinafter abbreviated as doped fiber)
  • 64 is an optical fiber.
  • a coupler, 650 is an optical filter as a compensating light demultiplexer for extracting compensating light
  • 66 is a photodetector
  • 67 is a compensating light control circuit
  • 68 is a compensating light source
  • 69 is compensation.
  • An optical monitor element, 70 is a compensation light source drive circuit
  • 71 is an excitation light source
  • 72 is an excitation light monitor element
  • 73 is an excitation light source drive circuit.
  • the doped fiber 63, the optical coupler 64, and the excitation light source 71 constitute an optical amplification unit. Next, the operation will be described. Doped fibers, which are most commonly used as fixed gain optical amplifiers l to n, are liable to gain saturation and require some additional circuits to be used as fixed gain amplifiers. Doped fiber 6 3
  • a constant excitation light at 1 is supplied via an optical coupler 64.
  • the output of the pump light source is monitored by the pump light monitoring element 72 and the pump light is monitored so that the value becomes constant. This can be easily achieved by the light source driving circuit 73 controlling the drive current level.
  • the compensating light output from the compensating light source 68 is input to the doping fiber 63 via the optical power bra.
  • the optical filter 65 extracts the amplified compensation light output from the doped fiber 63 and inputs the same to the photodetector 66.
  • the output of the photodetector 66 is input to the compensation light control circuit 67, and the compensation light source driving circuit 70 is controlled so that the ratio of the monitor value of the excitation light monitor element 69 to the monitor value of the photodetector 66 becomes constant. Control.
  • the gains of the fixed gain optical amplifiers l to n at the compensation light wavelength become constant, and if the doped fiber 1 has a homogeneous characteristic, a constant gain is obtained in all the amplification wavelength bands. can get.
  • FIG. 5 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration of an optical amplification repeater according to a sixth embodiment. Specifically, a configuration example of the fixed gain optical amplifiers l to n is shown.
  • reference numeral 651 denotes a light filter for extracting spontaneous emission light of a doping fiber in a predetermined wavelength band.
  • the same or corresponding parts as those in the optical amplifying repeater of FIG. 4 are denoted by the same reference numerals, and the description thereof will be omitted.
  • the optical filter 651 extracts the spontaneous emission light of the doped fiber 63 in a predetermined wavelength band and outputs the light to the photodetector 66.
  • the compensation light control circuit 67 controls the compensation light drive circuit 70 so that the output of the photodetector 66 becomes constant.
  • the gain of the doped fiber 63 is proportional to the spontaneous emission light power, so that a constant gain can be obtained regardless of the number of signal wavelengths input to the doped fiber 63.
  • FIG. 6 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration of an optical amplification repeater according to a seventh embodiment. Specifically, a configuration example of the fixed gain optical amplifiers l to n is shown. In Fig. 6, 77 is a variable attenuator
  • Reference numeral 78 denotes a variable attenuator setting circuit.
  • the same or corresponding parts as those in the optical amplifying repeater of FIG. 4 are denoted by the same reference numerals, and description thereof will be omitted.
  • FIG. 7 is a diagram showing an energy level of a doped fiber.
  • the temperature characteristics of the gain of the doped fiber 63 will be described.
  • the gain of a doped fiber is proportional to the density difference between the upper and ground levels where laser transitions occur. In general, the upper level and the ground level where the laser transition occurs are divided into fine sub-levels due to the Stark effect.
  • the temperature characteristics of the gain at the longest wave are considered.
  • the gain at the longest wave is determined by the density difference between the lowest energy sub-level of the upper level and the highest energy sub-level of the ground level. Since the density distribution between sublevels is determined by the Bolman distribution, the gain at the longest wave is low when the temperature is high, and it is high when the temperature is low. Therefore, the gain wavelength characteristic of the longest wave in the gain band has a remarkable temperature characteristic.
  • variable attenuator setting circuit 78 controls the value of the variable attenuator 77 to be small at high temperatures and large at low temperatures.
  • the gain of the dove fiber 63 in the longest wave is small at high temperatures and large at low temperatures, so that the gain wavelength characteristic in the longest wave region can be kept almost constant, and the absolute value of the gain can be kept constant.
  • FIG. 8 is a block diagram showing a configuration of an optical amplification relay transmission system according to an eighth embodiment.
  • 101 a, 10 lb are terminal stations
  • 102 a, 102 b are optical repeaters
  • 103 a to 103 c are optical fibers 104 to 106
  • Transmitter 107 is a multiplexer
  • 108 is a remote monitoring control circuit as control signal generation means or control signal superimposition generation means
  • 112 114 are fixed gain optical amplifiers
  • 113 is variable
  • An optical attenuator 115 is an optical filter as a control signal level detecting means
  • 116 is an optical variable attenuator control circuit as an optical repeater gain control means
  • 123 is a duplexer
  • 122 4 to 1 26 are receivers.
  • the information to be transmitted to 6 is converted into optical signals ⁇ 1 to I n, wavelength-multiplexed by the multiplexer 107 and transmitted to the optical fiber 103 a.
  • the remote monitoring and control circuit 108
  • the optical repeater 102a After the signal is amplified by the fixed gain optical amplifier 1 1 2 with the predetermined GO gain, it is attenuated at the predetermined ratio L by the variable optical attenuator 1 13, and again by the fixed gain optical amplifier 1 1 4 by the predetermined gain G. Amplify with 1.
  • the attenuation L is determined as follows. That is, the optical filter 115 extracts a part of the wavelength n from the amplified wavelength-division multiplexed signal, and is received by the optical variable attenuator control circuit 116.
  • the variable optical attenuator control circuit 116 controls the amount of attenuation L of the variable optical attenuator 113 so that the power of the frequency fs included in a part of the wavelength becomes constant. As a result, the repeater gain at wavelength n is constant regardless of the number of wavelengths.
  • optical amplification media used for amplifying wavelength-division multiplexed light include, for example, optical fiber amplifiers doped with rare earth elements, semiconductor optical amplifiers, etc., which have homogenous characteristics, and the gain is fixed at a certain wavelength. Then, the gain is fixed at other wavelengths. Thereby, a constant amplification characteristic independent of the number of wavelengths is realized.
  • the remote monitoring control circuit 108 as a control signal generating means generates the control signal by modulating the light intensity of the transmitter 106 at a specific frequency fs.
  • the remote monitoring control circuit 108 may generate a control signal by superimposing a control signal of a specific frequency on one of the plurality of optical signals (control signal superimposing means)
  • FIG. 9 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration of an optical amplification relay transmission system according to a ninth embodiment.
  • reference numeral 108 denotes a remote monitoring control circuit as control signal generation means, control signal superimposition generation means, or monitoring signal transmission means; 109, an optical multiplexer; 111, an optical power blur; 1 is an optical demultiplexer, 1 18 is a supervisory control circuit as supervisory control means, 1 19 is a supervisory optical transmitter, 1 20 is a multiplexer, 1 2 1 is a duplexer, 1 2 6 is remote It is a supervisory control circuit.
  • the remote monitoring control circuit 108 not only modulates the optical output intensity of the transmitter 106 at the frequency fs, but also modulates the power of the wavelength n contained in the wavelength multiplexed signal branched by the optical power blur 110. Measure and output the monitoring light s with the information of the wavelength person n. That is, the remote monitoring control circuit according to the present embodiment includes a control signal generating unit, It functions as a signal superimposition generating unit and a monitoring signal transmitting unit.
  • the multiplexer 109 multiplexes the optical signal input 1 to person n and the monitoring light person s with low loss.
  • the monitoring light As is extracted by the demultiplexer 111, and is output to the monitoring control circuit 118 after being received by the monitoring light receiver.
  • the supervisory control circuit 118 controls the operation of the gain control system consisting of the optical variable attenuator 113 and the optical variable attenuator control circuit 116 based on the monitoring light input s output from the remote supervisory control circuit 108. I do. That is, when the power of the wavelength n is normal, the gain control system is operated, and when it is abnormal, the operation of the gain control system is maintained and the attenuation of the optical variable attenuator 113 is kept constant. This prevents the gain of the optical repeater 102a from being set to an erroneous value when the power of the wavelength n decreases due to aging or the like.
  • Example 10 Example 10.
  • the frequency f s at which the remote monitoring control circuit 108 modulates the optical output intensity of the transmitter 106 needs to be set high enough not to induce the gain modulation of the fixed gain optical amplifiers 112, 114. That is, in the rare earth-doped optical fiber generally used as an optical amplifying medium, considering erbium used as a laser medium, the photon lifetime is 10 ms, and it is sufficient to set the frequency f O to several tens KHz or more. is there. Therefore, if the frequency fs is set to ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ or higher, the gain modulation of the fixed gain optical amplifiers 112 and 114 is not induced, and stable amplification characteristics can be obtained.
  • Example 1 1.
  • the control when the power of the wavelength; n falls into an abnormal state is described as the control light of the optical repeater gain control.
  • the control light of the optical repeater gain control For example, if the power of the wavelength n is momentarily interrupted for some reason, However, it is necessary to notify the instantaneous interruption state before the wavelength person n who has instantaneously interrupted the optical repeaters 101a and 10lb arrives at the monitoring optical person s.
  • 3c has a different group velocity depending on the wavelength. For example, 1.3 m light has 1.55
  • the monitoring light Propagates 2.2 ns per kilometer faster than / m light. Therefore, by setting the monitoring light to a shorter wavelength than the 1.55 m light normally used as signal light, for example, 1.3 m light, the monitoring light can be cut off even if the power of wavelength n is interrupted for some reason.
  • the operation state of the gain control system can be controlled by the person s. Example 1 2.
  • FIG. 10 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration of an optical amplification repeater according to Embodiment 12.
  • reference numeral 603 denotes a control optical demultiplexer that demultiplexes a part of the power of the control light for controlling the gain of the optical amplification repeater.
  • the input wavelength multiplexed signals 1 to n are amplified by the first fixed gain optical amplifier 1 with a predetermined gain of GO, and then input to the control optical demultiplexer 603.
  • the control optical demultiplexer 603 a part of the power of the control light c is extracted, and most of the light of other wavelengths and the power of the control light c are transmitted to the variable optical attenuator 3 with low loss. Entered.
  • the variable attenuator control circuit 6 controls the attenuation of the variable optical attenuator 3 so that the power output from the control optical demultiplexer 63 is constant.
  • the wavelength multiplexed signals 1 to n output from the variable optical attenuator 3 are amplified by a second fixed gain optical amplifier 4 with a constant G1 gain and output.
  • the gain of the optical amplification repeater at a specific wavelength is determined. If an almost homogenous medium such as a semiconductor amplifier or an optical fiber doped with a rare earth element is used as an optical amplification medium, other wavelengths can be obtained.
  • the gain at is also fixed. Therefore, an optical amplification repeater having a gain that does not depend on the change in the number of wavelengths can be obtained.
  • the supervisory control circuit 17 has a function of stopping the amplifying operation of the first fixed gain optical amplifier 1 and the second fixed gain optical amplifier 4 when the received signal power becomes equal to or less than a certain value. Suppresses the optical surge that occurs when the signal recovers.
  • FIG. 11 is a block diagram illustrating the configuration of the optical amplification repeater according to the thirteenth embodiment.
  • reference numeral 26 denotes an optical attenuator control circuit that also functions as an output disconnection circuit.
  • the variable attenuator control circuit 26 also has a function of controlling the amplifying operation of the second fixed gain optical amplifier 4.
  • variable attenuator control circuit 26 controls the attenuation of the variable optical attenuator 3 so that the power output from the control optical demultiplexer 63 becomes constant.
  • the amplifying operation of the second fixed gain optical amplifier 4 is stopped (output disconnection circuit). With this function, it is possible to prevent the output of the second fixed gain optical amplifier 4 from abnormally increasing even when the control light stops for some reason.
  • An optical amplification repeater comprises: an input terminal for inputting a plurality of wavelength-multiplexed optical signals; a first fixed gain optical amplifier for amplifying a plurality of optical signals input from the input terminal by a predetermined gain; An optical variable attenuator that attenuates the optical signal amplified by the first fixed gain optical amplifier by a predetermined value; an optical demultiplexer that splits the optical signal from the optical variable attenuator into a plurality of wavelengths; A specific monitoring light is connected to one of the fixed gain optical amplifiers l to n, which amplifies a plurality of wavelength-demultiplexed optical signals from the optical filter by a predetermined gain, and the outputs of the fixed gain optical amplifiers l to n.
  • a monitoring optical demultiplexer that extracts a part of the signal, an optical multiplexer that combines the outputs of the fixed gain optical amplifiers l to n and outputs an optical signal, and detects the output power of the monitoring optical demultiplexer and detects the detection.
  • An optical attenuator control circuit for controlling the amount of attenuation of the optical attenuator so that the value becomes a constant value. Therefore, it is possible to obtain an optical amplification repeater having a gain that does not depend on a change in the number of wavelengths. That is, it is possible to obtain an optical amplifying repeater that does not affect the communication quality even if the power of other wavelengths fluctuates.
  • a tone signal of a specific frequency is superimposed on the monitoring light in order to increase the gain control accuracy, and the tone signal is extracted by the optical attenuator control circuit into the electric filter, and the noise is reduced.
  • a method that eliminates the effects of the above can also be applied.
  • the optical amplification repeater is an input terminal for inputting a plurality of wavelength-multiplexed optical signals, and a first fixed gain optical amplifier for amplifying the plurality of optical signals input from the input terminal by a predetermined gain.
  • an optical demultiplexer connected to the output of the first fixed gain optical amplifier for demultiplexing and outputting a plurality of wavelengths, and optical variable attenuators 1 to n for attenuating the output of the optical demultiplexer by a predetermined value
  • Fixed gain optical amplifiers 1 to n that amplify a plurality of wavelength-multiplexed optical signals from the variable optical attenuators 1 to n by a predetermined gain, and connected to the outputs of the fixed gain optical amplifiers 1 to n.
  • a monitoring optical demultiplexer 1 to n for extracting a part of the monitoring light 1 to n; an optical multiplexer for multiplexing the outputs of the fixed gain optical amplifiers l to n to output an optical signal;
  • Optical attenuator control circuits 1 to n for detecting the output power of the optical filters 1 to n and controlling the attenuation of the optical attenuators so that the detected values become constant. Therefore, since the gain of the optical amplification repeater is determined for the monitoring light wavelengths 1 n to nn in a specific band, the optical amplification medium is substantially homogenous, such as a semiconductor amplifier or an optical fiber doped with a rare earth element. If a simple medium is used, the gain at other wavelengths is fixed, and an optical amplifier repeater having a gain that does not depend on the change in the number of wavelengths can be obtained.
  • the first fixed gain optical amplifier includes an optical fiber as a transmission line, a pump light source that generates an induced Raman amplification effect in a wavelength band of a plurality of wavelength-multiplexed optical signals in the optical fiber, and a pump light source. It has an output and an optical coupler for multiplexing a plurality of wavelength-multiplexed optical signals. Therefore, the pump light source that generates the stimulated Raman amplification effect is less likely to cause gain saturation than a semiconductor amplifier or an optical fiber doped with a rare earth element, and has a substantially linear output power almost equal to the pump light power. It is capable of operation and is the optimal amplification medium as the first fixed gain amplifier. Thereby, an ideal operation as the first fixed gain amplifier 1 is possible.
  • the first fixed gain optical amplifier is composed of an optical fiber doped with a rare earth or a transition metal, and a pump that generates an amplification effect by stimulated emission in a wavelength band of a plurality of wavelength-multiplexed optical signals in the optical fiber.
  • An optical fiber that has a light source and an optical coupler that multiplexes a plurality of optical signals wavelength-multiplexed with the output of the pump light source and that is doped with a rare earth or transition metal operates in an unsaturated region. Therefore, by using a pumping light source having a sufficiently high output, a constant gain can be obtained irrespective of the number of wavelengths of the input signal light and the loss difference of the transmission line.
  • the fixed gain optical amplifiers l to n each include an optical fiber doped with a rare earth or a transition metal, and an optical amplification unit including an excitation light source that excites the rare earth or the transition metal to generate a stimulated emission effect.
  • a compensating light source that generates compensating light having a wavelength within the amplification wavelength band of the optical amplifying unit, a compensating optical multiplexer that combines a plurality of optical signals multiplexed with the compensating light, and compensation at the output of the optical amplifying unit
  • a compensating optical demultiplexer that demultiplexes a plurality of optical signals wavelength-multiplexed with light, and a power of the compensating light output from the compensating optical demultiplexer.
  • a compensating light control circuit for controlling the output power of the compensating light source so that the ratio of the compensating light source output to the compensating light power becomes a predetermined reference value. for that reason,
  • the gains of the fixed gain optical amplifiers l to n at the compensation light wavelength become constant, and when the doped fiber 1 has homogeneous characteristics, a constant gain can be obtained in all the amplification wavelength bands.
  • the fixed gain optical amplifiers l to n include an optical fiber doped with a rare earth or a transition metal, an optical amplification unit including an excitation light source that excites the rare earth or the transition metal to generate a stimulated emission effect, and an optical amplifier unit.
  • a compensating light control circuit for controlling the output power of the compensating light source so that the spontaneous emission light power output from the amplification unit becomes a predetermined reference value. Therefore, since the gain of the optical fiber is proportional to the spontaneous emission light power, a constant gain can be obtained regardless of the number of signal wavelengths input to the optical fiber.
  • Fixed gain optical amplifiers l to n are fixed gain optical amplifiers 1 to! !
  • the optical variable attenuators 1 'to ⁇ ' are inserted at the input or output of the optical variable attenuator, and the means for changing the attenuation of the variable optical attenuators 1 to ⁇ 'according to the ambient temperature is provided. Therefore, the gain of the optical fiber in the longest wave is small at high temperatures and large at low temperatures, so that the gain wavelength characteristic in the longest wave region can be kept almost constant, and the absolute value of the gain can be kept constant.
  • the optical amplification relay transmission system includes a plurality of transmitters for transmitting optical signals of different wavelengths for transmitting information, a receiver for receiving optical signals of a plurality of wavelengths, and a transmitter.
  • a plurality of optical repeaters installed between the receivers and amplifying a plurality of optical signals, between the transmitter and the optical repeaters, between the plurality of optical repeaters, and between the optical repeaters and the receiver.
  • a control signal superimposing means for superimposing a control signal of a specific frequency on one of a plurality of optical signals, and an optical repeater connected to an output of the optical repeater.
  • Control signal level detection means for extracting a part of the output to detect the power of the control signal; and light for controlling the gain of the optical repeater so that the control signal level detected by the control signal level detection means is constant.
  • repeater gain control means With repeater gain control means . Therefore, it is possible to obtain an optical amplification repeater transmission system having a constant gain regardless of the input signal power or the number of input signal wavelengths.
  • an optical amplifying repeater transmission system includes: a plurality of transmitters for transmitting optical signals of different wavelengths for transmitting information; a receiver for receiving optical signals of a plurality of wavelengths; A plurality of optical repeaters installed between the optical repeater and the receiver, for amplifying a plurality of optical signals, between the transmitter and the optical repeater, between the plurality of optical repeaters, and between the optical repeater and the receiver.
  • an optical amplifying repeater transmission system composed of optical fibers connecting between optical signals, a control signal generating means for modulating one of a plurality of optical signals with a control signal of a specific frequency; Control signal level detection means for extracting a part of the output of the repeater to detect the power of the control signal, and adjusting the gain of the optical repeater so that the control signal level detected by the control signal level detection means is constant. And an optical repeater gain control means for controlling. Therefore, it is possible to obtain an optical amplification repeater transmission system having a constant gain regardless of the input signal power or the number of input signal wavelengths.
  • an optical amplifying repeater transmission system includes: a plurality of transmitters for transmitting optical signals of different wavelengths for transmitting information; a receiver for receiving optical signals of a plurality of wavelengths; Between the transmitter and the optical repeater, between the optical repeaters, and between the optical repeater and the receiver.
  • a control signal superimposing means for superimposing a control signal of a specific frequency on one of a plurality of optical signals, and an optical repeater connected to an output of the optical repeater.
  • Control signal level detecting means for detecting a part of the output of the optical repeater to detect the power of the control signal, and controlling the gain of the optical repeater so that the control signal level detected by the control signal level detecting means is constant.
  • an optical amplifying repeater transmission system includes: a plurality of transmitters for transmitting optical signals of different wavelengths for transmitting information; a receiver for receiving optical signals of a plurality of wavelengths; Between the transmitter and the optical repeater, between the optical repeaters, and between the optical repeater and the receiver.
  • optical amplification repeater transmission system composed of optical fibers connecting A control signal generating means for modulating one of the signals with a control signal of a specific frequency, and a control signal connected to the output of the optical repeater for extracting a part of the output of the optical repeater and detecting the power of the control signal Level detection means, optical repeater gain control means for controlling the gain of the optical repeater so that the control signal level detected by the control signal level detection means is constant, and optical repeater for controlling the transmission light level of the control signal.
  • the optical repeater gain control means includes an optical variable attenuator and a means for controlling the optical variable attenuator. Therefore, it is possible to obtain an optical amplification repeater transmission system having a fixed gain regardless of the input signal power or the number of input signal wavelengths with a simple configuration.
  • the frequency of the control signal is 100 kHz or higher. Therefore, a stable amplification characteristic can be obtained without inducing the gain modulation of the fixed gain optical amplifier.
  • the wavelength of the monitoring signal is shorter than the wavelengths transmitted from the plurality of transmitters. Therefore, even if the power of the wavelength input n is momentarily interrupted for some reason, the operation state of the gain control system can be controlled by the monitoring light input s.
  • the optical amplification repeater is an optical amplification repeater for amplifying a plurality of wavelength-multiplexed optical signals, wherein the first amplifies a plurality of input wavelength-multiplexed optical signals by a predetermined gain.
  • Variable optical attenuator that attenuates, optical attenuator control circuit that detects the output power of the control optical demultiplexer, and controls the attenuation of the optical attenuator so that the detected value becomes a constant value, and optical variable attenuator And a second fixed-gain optical amplifier connected to the output of the amplifier and amplifying a plurality of input wavelength-multiplexed optical signals by a predetermined gain. for that reason, An optical amplification repeater having a gain that does not depend on a change in the number of wavelengths can be obtained. Furthermore, an output disconnection circuit for stopping the amplification function of the second fixed gain optical amplifier when detecting that the output of the control optical demultiplexer has disappeared is further provided. Therefore, even when the control light is stopped for some reason, it is possible to prevent the output of the second fixed gain optical amplifier 4 from abnormally increasing.

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Abstract

Les signaux optiques simultanément amplifiés sur les premières énièmes bandes sont atténués de façon appropriée par un atténuateur (3) variable optique en fonction de l'affaiblissement d'une fibre optique connectée à l'entrée d'un répétiteur d'amplification optique, démultiplexés dans les bandes respectives au moyen d'un démultiplexeur (2) optique, amplifiés par des amplificateurs (4a, 4b) optiques à gain fixe possédant un gain fixe élevé pour chaque bande, et multiplexés par un multiplexeur (7) optique avant d'être produits en sortie sur une ligne d'émission. Un démultiplexeur (5) optique de surveillance extrait une partie de la puissance optique d'une lumière de surveillance spécifique et l'achemine sur un circuit (6) de commande d'atténuateur variable de façon à commander l'affaiblissement de l'atténuateur (3) variable optique et faire en sorte que la puissance optique de la lumière de surveillance puisse être constante. Lorsque le gain du répétiteur d'amplification optique est déterminé à une longueur d'onde spécifiée, les gains aux autres longueurs d'onde sont fixés dans la mesure où on utilise un support homogène comme support d'amplification optique et, par conséquent, on peut obtenir un répétiteur d'amplification optique dont le gain n'est pas susceptible de varier dans les différentes longueurs d'ondes concernées.
PCT/JP2000/004946 1999-07-30 2000-07-25 Repetiteur d'amplification optique et systeme d'emission et de repetition d'amplification optique WO2001010063A1 (fr)

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EP00946485A EP1120925B1 (fr) 1999-07-30 2000-07-25 Repetiteur d'amplification optique et systeme d'emission et de repetition d'amplification optique
DE60036774T DE60036774T2 (de) 1999-07-30 2000-07-25 Optischer verstärkungswiederholer und optischer verstärkungswiederholer und übertragungsanordnung
US09/806,456 US6657778B1 (en) 1999-07-30 2000-07-25 Optical amplification repeater and optical amplification repeating and transmitting system
US10/713,259 US7170673B2 (en) 1999-07-30 2003-11-17 Optical amplifying repeater apparatus and optical amplifying/repeating transmission system

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JP11/216187 1999-07-30
JP21618799 1999-07-30

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US09/806,456 A-371-Of-International US6657778B1 (en) 1999-07-30 2000-07-25 Optical amplification repeater and optical amplification repeating and transmitting system
US10/217,110 Division US6873456B2 (en) 1999-07-30 2002-08-12 Optical amplifying repeater apparatus and optical amplifying/repeating transmission system

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US6873456B2 (en) 2005-03-29
DE60036774D1 (de) 2007-11-29
EP1120925B1 (fr) 2007-10-17
US20030021010A1 (en) 2003-01-30
US6657778B1 (en) 2003-12-02
DE60036774T2 (de) 2008-07-24
EP1120925A4 (fr) 2006-05-10
EP1120925A1 (fr) 2001-08-01

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