WO2000025316A1 - Dispositif electronique de type carte - Google Patents

Dispositif electronique de type carte Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2000025316A1
WO2000025316A1 PCT/JP1999/005921 JP9905921W WO0025316A1 WO 2000025316 A1 WO2000025316 A1 WO 2000025316A1 JP 9905921 W JP9905921 W JP 9905921W WO 0025316 A1 WO0025316 A1 WO 0025316A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
card
electronic device
type electronic
cover
frame
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/JP1999/005921
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Maki Wakita
Katsutoshi Mukaijima
Original Assignee
Citizen Watch Co., Ltd.
Iomega Corporation
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from JP32142198A external-priority patent/JP2000133968A/ja
Priority claimed from JP11171742A external-priority patent/JP2001006353A/ja
Application filed by Citizen Watch Co., Ltd., Iomega Corporation filed Critical Citizen Watch Co., Ltd.
Priority to EP99949433A priority Critical patent/EP1073058A4/en
Priority to KR1020007005728A priority patent/KR20010032486A/ko
Priority to US09/582,374 priority patent/US6577506B1/en
Publication of WO2000025316A1 publication Critical patent/WO2000025316A1/ja

Links

Classifications

    • GPHYSICS
    • G11INFORMATION STORAGE
    • G11BINFORMATION STORAGE BASED ON RELATIVE MOVEMENT BETWEEN RECORD CARRIER AND TRANSDUCER
    • G11B23/00Record carriers not specific to the method of recording or reproducing; Accessories, e.g. containers, specially adapted for co-operation with the recording or reproducing apparatus ; Intermediate mediums; Apparatus or processes specially adapted for their manufacture
    • G11B23/02Containers; Storing means both adapted to cooperate with the recording or reproducing means
    • G11B23/03Containers for flat record carriers
    • G11B23/0301Details
    • G11B23/0313Container cases
    • G11B23/0316Constructional details, e.g. shape
    • GPHYSICS
    • G11INFORMATION STORAGE
    • G11BINFORMATION STORAGE BASED ON RELATIVE MOVEMENT BETWEEN RECORD CARRIER AND TRANSDUCER
    • G11B33/00Constructional parts, details or accessories not provided for in the other groups of this subclass
    • G11B33/12Disposition of constructional parts in the apparatus, e.g. of power supply, of modules
    • G11B33/121Disposition of constructional parts in the apparatus, e.g. of power supply, of modules the apparatus comprising a single recording/reproducing device
    • GPHYSICS
    • G11INFORMATION STORAGE
    • G11BINFORMATION STORAGE BASED ON RELATIVE MOVEMENT BETWEEN RECORD CARRIER AND TRANSDUCER
    • G11B17/00Guiding record carriers not specifically of filamentary or web form, or of supports therefor
    • G11B17/02Details
    • G11B17/04Feeding or guiding single record carrier to or from transducer unit
    • G11B17/041Feeding or guiding single record carrier to or from transducer unit specially adapted for discs contained within cartridges
    • G11B17/043Direct insertion, i.e. without external loading means
    • GPHYSICS
    • G11INFORMATION STORAGE
    • G11BINFORMATION STORAGE BASED ON RELATIVE MOVEMENT BETWEEN RECORD CARRIER AND TRANSDUCER
    • G11B25/00Apparatus characterised by the shape of record carrier employed but not specific to the method of recording or reproducing, e.g. dictating apparatus; Combinations of such apparatus
    • G11B25/04Apparatus characterised by the shape of record carrier employed but not specific to the method of recording or reproducing, e.g. dictating apparatus; Combinations of such apparatus using flat record carriers, e.g. disc, card
    • G11B25/043Apparatus characterised by the shape of record carrier employed but not specific to the method of recording or reproducing, e.g. dictating apparatus; Combinations of such apparatus using flat record carriers, e.g. disc, card using rotating discs
    • GPHYSICS
    • G11INFORMATION STORAGE
    • G11BINFORMATION STORAGE BASED ON RELATIVE MOVEMENT BETWEEN RECORD CARRIER AND TRANSDUCER
    • G11B33/00Constructional parts, details or accessories not provided for in the other groups of this subclass
    • G11B33/02Cabinets; Cases; Stands; Disposition of apparatus therein or thereon
    • G11B33/022Cases
    • G11B33/025Portable cases
    • GPHYSICS
    • G11INFORMATION STORAGE
    • G11BINFORMATION STORAGE BASED ON RELATIVE MOVEMENT BETWEEN RECORD CARRIER AND TRANSDUCER
    • G11B33/00Constructional parts, details or accessories not provided for in the other groups of this subclass
    • G11B33/12Disposition of constructional parts in the apparatus, e.g. of power supply, of modules
    • G11B33/121Disposition of constructional parts in the apparatus, e.g. of power supply, of modules the apparatus comprising a single recording/reproducing device
    • G11B33/122Arrangements for providing electrical connections, e.g. connectors, cables, switches

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a card-type electronic device that can be attached to an information device such as a portable computer to receive and provide information.
  • Information devices such as portable computers are equipped with card-type electronic devices (PC cards) in their slots in order to add functions or increase processing data capacity.
  • This card-type electronic device is equipped with a power cartridge that rotatably stores a disk-type recording medium inside a shell.
  • FIGS. 14, 15A and 15B One conventional example of such a card-type electronic device will be described with reference to FIGS. 14, 15A and 15B.
  • the card-type electronic device 1 includes a case 4 having external dimensions conforming to Type II of the PCMCIA (Personal Computer Memory Card International Association) standard.
  • the case 4 is formed by combining a metal upper cover 6 and a lower cover 7 with a synthetic resin frame 5 (see FIGS. 15A and 15B).
  • a space for accommodating the cartridge 17 is provided inside the case 4 and a motor for driving the magnetic recording disk 52 and a read / write head are driven.
  • a circuit board (not shown) for control is stored.
  • a connector 2 that can be engaged with a connector provided on a computer (not shown) is attached.
  • a cartridge for inserting the cartridge 17 into the card-type electronic device 1 that is, into the cartridge storage space of the case 4. Ridge ā‡ entrance 90 is formed.
  • the cartridge 17 is composed of a disk case 95 and a magnetic recording disk 52 as a magnetic recording medium housed in the disk case 95 and rotatably supported by the disk case 95. Become.
  • the card-type electronic device 1 is inserted into a slot formed in the computer by moving it in the direction of arrow A in FIG. 14, and the connector 2 is provided in the computer. Engage with pin.
  • the cartridge 17 By moving the cartridge 17 in the direction of the arrow B in FIG. 14, the cartridge 17 passes through the cartridge entrance 90 and is inside the force-type electronic device 1. To be loaded.
  • the card-type electronic device 1 since the card-type electronic device 1 complies with Type II of the PCMCIA standard, its external dimensions (width x length x thickness) are 54.0 mm X 85.60 mmx 5. O mm.
  • the front ends of the upper cover 6 and the lower cover 7 constituting the case 4 (connector storage sections 6b and 7b described later) and both left and right sides (insertion guides described later) De part 6d, 7d.
  • the insertion guide portion 7d of the lower cover 7 is not visible in FIG. 14) than the center portion (internal component storage portions 6a, 7a to be described later) is 0.8 mm to 0.8 mm. It is stipulated to form a step 9 mm lower.
  • T1 T1 of A, and the insertion guide 6d of the upper cover 6 and the insertion guide 7d of the lower cover 7 that serve as guides when inserted into the slot of the computer.
  • This interval is T 1 in Fig. 15B, that is, the connector guide 6 d and the surface of the connector storage 6 b and the insertion guide 7 d and the connector flush. Both of them are equal to 3.3 mm (standard).
  • the stepped portion is formed as disclosed in the Registered Utility Model Publication No. 3042471 and Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. H5-25242886.
  • the upper and lower covers are formed around the upper and lower covers by forming a peripheral edge by step-down, and the inner surface of the peripheral edge is fixed to the upper and lower surfaces of the frame 5 by bonding, laser welding or brazing, etc.
  • the case is formed by assembling the cover and the frame 5.
  • the cartridge 17 shown in FIG. 14 needs to have a certain thickness because the magnetic recording disk 52 is rotatably housed inside. .
  • the case 4 including the upper cover 6, the lower cover 7, and the frame 5, the case Give enough thickness to 4 I have to get it.
  • a low step that is, a connector formed at the front end and both left and right sides of the upper cover 6 and the lower cover 7 stipulated by the PCMCIA standard.
  • the storage areas 6b and 7b and the insertion guides 6d and 7d) are reduced in area, and the area of the central high part (internal component storage sections 6a and 7a) is reduced accordingly. It is to make it wider.
  • a PC card of the type in which a cartridge 17 containing a disk-type magnetic recording medium 52 is mounted has a complicated mechanism. It may be necessary to open the metal cover, but if the metal covers 6, 7 and the synthetic resin frame 5 are fixed to each other by welding or It is inconvenient because the covers 6, 7 cannot be removed.
  • the upper cover 6 and the lower cover 7 are formed by pressing a thin SUS plate having a plate thickness t 1 of about 0.20 mm, and forming a first flat portion (that is, an internal structure) at the center thereof.
  • the element storage sections 6a, 7a) extend from the front part to both sides and fall down one step to the inner side from the first flat part, and the second flat part (that is, the connector)
  • the storage sections 6b, 7b and the insertion guide sections 6d, 7d) are formed.
  • upper cover 6 and lower cover 7 Between the first flat portions of the upper cover 6 and the lower cover 7, internal components such as a recording / reproducing head body and a disk drive motor are housed. Therefore, upper cover 6 and lower cover
  • Each of the first flat portions of 7 becomes the internal component storage portions 6a and 7a.
  • the second flat portions of the upper cover 6 and the lower cover 7 have insertion guide portions 6 d and 7 d which serve as insertion guides for the computer, and It is composed of connector storage sections 6b and 7b for storing the connector 2. There is no step between the insertion guides 6d, 7d and the connector storages 6b, 7b, and the upper cover 6 and the lower cover 7 have the first flat portion and the second flat portion, respectively. In a pressing process to form a sheet, it is formed flush.
  • the upper and lower cover members 6, 7 The thickness (T1) of the portion (flange 2a) of the formed second flat portion exposed to the outside of the connector housing portions 6b and 7b is 3.3 mm (standard).
  • the part (joining step 2b) housed between the connector housings 6b and 7b has the same thickness.
  • the step T 3 between T 1 and T 2 is less than 0.25 mm.
  • the thickness T 4 of the frame 5 is
  • connection between the connector housing portions 6b, 7b of the second flat portions formed on the upper cover 6 and the lower cover 7, the connection step portion 2b of the connector 2, and the frame 5 is generally performed.
  • the adhesive 38 is applied by a screen printing method, and the thickness t 2 (adhesive white) of the adhesive layer is about 0.05 mm to 0.06 mm. Has good bonding workability and can secure the required bonding strength.
  • the bonding sheet Cl t 2 in order to adhere the upper cover 6 and the lower cover 7 to the connector 2 while securing the expansion of the space for accommodating the internal components (for example, electronic components mounted on the circuit board, etc.), the bonding sheet Cl t 2 must be within the range of 0.05 mm to 0.06 mm force and 0.1 mm.
  • the adhesive strength cannot be secured as described above in the case of an adhesive sill having a thickness of 1 mm.
  • the thickness of the upper and lower covers has been reduced to expand the space for storing internal components, and to improve the functions of the equipment. It is possible to provide a connector that is capable of responding to changes in the set dimensions of the connector and that has good machining accuracy and excellent workability.
  • An object of the present invention is to provide a card-type electronic device including a frame serving as a storage portion for each component, and a case including an upper cover and a lower cover that respectively cover the upper and lower surfaces of the frame.
  • An object of the present invention is to provide a card-type electronic device in which the upper and lower covers can be easily removed as needed, while being securely connected.
  • At least a substantially U-shaped engaging piece is formed at the long side edge of one cover.
  • This locking piece is obtained by bending the tip of the tongue piece that partially protrudes from the long side edge of the cover toward the other cover, and then bending the tip toward the inner circumference. It is formed in a substantially U-shape.
  • a concave portion that guides the locking piece of the cover in the vertical direction, and a locking piece that fits into the concave portion is engaged with the locking piece when the locking piece is slid in the longitudinal direction of the case. A stop and are formed.
  • the card-type electronic device of the present invention can further have the following configuration.
  • the slide blocking means may include screwing, gluing, or swaging.
  • a slide blocking means should be configured with screws or a weak adhesive so that the frame can be easily removed from the cover.
  • slide blocking means on the short side of the case. This is because the short side of the case has a large area for screwing and bonding on the long side, and it is easy to provide reliable slide blocking means.
  • a peripheral edge is formed at the long side edge of the cover by step drawing, and a tongue piece is provided at the leading edge of the edge.
  • a front end of the edge formed by the step drawing of the cover is formed on a bent wall which is bent toward the other cover over the entire length, and the tongue piece is provided so as to protrude from a front edge of the bent wall, and further provided.
  • the tongue is bent inward along the tip line of the bent wall to form a locking piece.
  • the vertical dimension of the bent wall of the upper cover and the vertical dimension of the bent wall of the lower cover are different.
  • a frame plate for attaching each component to the frame is integrally provided by outsert molding or the like, and a drive device for performing magnetic recording and reading is incorporated into this frame plate.
  • the frame is made of synthetic resin and the frame plate is integrally assembled by artsert.
  • the cover and frame on the upper surface can be temporarily fixed by a slide.
  • a magnetic recording device is mounted on the upper surface of the frame plate, and a circuit board is arranged on the lower surface. Since the magnetic recording device has a complicated and delicate structure, it may need to be inspected. In this case, if the top cover can be removed, the inspection work is easy.
  • a slide blocking means is provided on one short side of the upper and lower cases.
  • Fixing means for removing the slide blocking means of the cover or fixing means for which removal is not planned is a fixing means that is scheduled to be removed, making it easier to remove the cover during inspection, making work easier, and By firmly fixing the lower cover to the frame, the strength of the case can be maintained at a high level.
  • FIG. 1 is a partial perspective view for explaining the structure of a case of a card-type electronic device according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 shows a card type electronic device according to the first embodiment of the present invention. It is an exploded perspective view of a device.
  • FIG. 3 is a perspective view of an upper cover and a lower cover constituting a case of the card-type electronic device shown in FIG.
  • FIG. 4 is a developed view showing the top, side, front, and rear surfaces of the card-type electronic device shown in FIG.
  • FIG. 5 is a view of the frame and the frame plate of the card-type electronic device shown in FIG. 2 viewed obliquely from above with the top cover removed.
  • FIG. 6 is a diagram of the frame and the frame plate of the card-type electronic device shown in FIG. 2 viewed obliquely from below with the lower cover removed.
  • FIG. 7 is a partial perspective view showing a state where the upper cover and the lower cover shown in FIG. 1 are also engaged with the frame shown in FIG.
  • FIG. 8 is a partial perspective view showing the structure of a card-type electronic device according to a second embodiment of the present invention, in particular, its frame structure.
  • FIG. 9 is a partial perspective view of a card-type electronic device according to a second embodiment of the present invention, particularly showing a side surface of a case thereof.
  • FIG. 10 is a perspective view showing the appearance of a card-type electronic device according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 11 is a perspective view showing an appearance of a card-type electronic device according to a third embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 12 is an exploded perspective view of the card-type electronic device shown in FIG.
  • Fig. 13A is a cross-sectional view of the card-type electronic device shown in Fig. 11 taken along line A-A.
  • Fig. 13B is a cross-sectional view of the card-type electronic device shown in Fig. 11 taken along line B-B. It is sectional drawing.
  • FIG. 14 is an exploded perspective view showing an external appearance of an example of a conventional card-type electronic device.
  • FIG. 15A is a cross-sectional view of the vicinity of the connector along a long side of the card type electronic device of FIG. 14, and FIG. 15B is a cross-sectional view of the card type electronic device of FIG. FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the vicinity of a connector along a side.
  • FIGS. 1-10 A first embodiment of a card-type electronic device according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.
  • the card-type electronic device 1 includes a case 4 and components such as a connector 2, a circuit board 3, and a magnetic recording device housed in the case 4.
  • the case 4 includes a frame 5 that forms a storage section for each component therein, and a metal upper cover 6 and a lower cover 7 that cover the upper and lower surfaces of the frame 5 respectively.
  • the external dimensions of the card-type electronic device 1 are rectangular, with the upper and lower surfaces being 54.O mm on one side and 85.60 mm on the other side, in accordance with the PCMCIA Type II standard.
  • the force is 5.0 mm.
  • the upper cover 6 and the lower cover 7 are formed by pressing a 0.15 mm thick stainless steel plate.
  • Stainless steel plates are relatively hard and have high rigidity even if they are thin.
  • the upper cover 6 and the lower cover 7 (or the case 4 consisting of the upper cover 6, the lower cover 7 and the frame 5)
  • the direction in which the connector 2 is mounted will be referred to as the front, and the direction in which the port 17 for receiving the cartridge 17 (removable port 18) will be referred to as the rear.
  • the upper cover 6 and the lower cover 7 have a front edge 8 formed by a step drawing having a width of about 10 mm at the front end thereof, and side edges formed by a step drawing having a width of 1 to 1.5 mm at both left and right ends thereof.
  • Form part 8 ' The central portion of the upper cover 6 and the lower cover 7 excluding the front edge and the left and right side edges is more than the front edge 8 (similarly from the side edge 8 ').
  • the raised part 9 is 0.9 mm higher (the raised part due to the step drawing) (Fig. 3). By forming the raised portion 9, the volume of the storage section for the component can be increased.
  • the front edge 8 and the left and right side edges 8 ā€² of the upper cover 6 and the lower cover 7 are connected to the connector storage portions 6 b, 7 b, and ā‡ ā‡ shown in FIGS. 14, 15 A, and 15 B, respectively.
  • the ridges 9 correspond to the entry guides 6 d and 7 d, and the ridges 9 correspond to the internal component storages 6 a and 7 a.
  • tongue pieces 10 are placed at an appropriate distance from each other.
  • the tongue piece 10 has a width of 5 to 6 mm, and its tip is directed toward the opposite cover as shown by the solid line in FIG. 1 (that is, if the tongue piece 10 of the upper force bar 6 is the lower cover). 7 and the tongue 10 of the lower cover 7 toward the upper cover 6) Bend along the side of the frame 5 and further inward, A substantially U-shaped locking piece 11a, 11b is formed.
  • screw holes 12 are formed on the left and right sides of the front edge 8 ā€² of the upper cover 6, respectively.
  • a shutter 13 for rotatably inwardly closing the rear end face of the case 4 is provided inside the rear end edge of the lower cover 7 over its entire length.
  • an upright wall 31 is provided to restrict the shutter 13 from rotating outward (FIG. 3).
  • the shutter 13 is normally erected so as to stand up and abut the inner surface of the upright wall 31.
  • Frame 5 is made of polycarbonate resin reinforced by mixing glass filler, and as shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, right frame portion 14, left frame portion 14 ', front frame portion 15 and rear frame part 16.
  • the front frame portion 15 Since the connector 2 is fitted between the front end of the right frame portion 14 and the front end of the left frame portion 14 ā€², the front frame portion 15 has side frame portions 14, 1 by the width of the connector 2. It is installed at a position retracted from the front end of 4 '.
  • the thickness (vertical dimension) of the front frame portion 15 is set so that the top edge of the circuit board 3 for connecting the connector 2 to the lower surface of the front frame portion 15 can be overlapped. It is thinner than that of 4, 14 '.
  • the front frame 15 is erected so that the upper surface thereof is flush with the upper surfaces of the side frames 14 and 14 '.
  • the thickness is made thinner than that of the side frames 14 and 14 ā€², and the lower surface is made of the side frames 14 and 1 ā€².
  • the side frames 14, 14 ā€² are provided at a position slightly forward of the rear ends of the side frames 14, 14 ā€² so as to be aligned with the lower surface of 4 ā€² and not to hinder the rotation of the shutter 13.
  • a concave portion 19a that guides the locking piece 11a of the upper cover 6 in the vertical direction is formed on the outer surface of the side frame portions 14 and 14 'of the frame 5 upward.
  • a concave portion 19b for guiding the locking piece 11b of the lower force bar 7 in the vertical direction is formed from below to above.
  • the upper cover 6 After fitting the locking pieces 11 a into the recesses 19 a of the side frames 14 and 14 ā€², the upper cover 6 is threaded backward (in the direction of arrow Y in FIG. 1).
  • the engaging portions 20a (described later) formed on the outer side surfaces of the side frame portions 14 and 14 'are engaged with each other. Therefore, the opening of the recess 19 a (the opening for receiving the locking side 11 a) is located before the corresponding position of the locking piece ā€œI 1 aā€ of the upper cover 6 of the side frame portions 14, 1 ā€². (In the direction opposite to the arrow Y in Fig. 1).
  • the concave portion 19a and the concave portion 19b are arranged on the side frame portion 14 at positions shifted from each other in the length direction (in the front-back direction). This is done by fitting the locking pieces 11a of the upper cover 6 into the recesses 19a of the side frame part 14 and fitting the locking pieces 11b of the lower cover 7 to the same side frame part 14. This is so that the lower surface of the locking piece 11a and the upper surface of the locking piece 11b do not come into contact when it is fitted into 9b.
  • the concave portion 19a and the concave portion 19b may be connected to each other at a vertically intermediate portion of the side frame portion 14, as shown in FIG.
  • the passage for sliding the locking pieces 11b reaching the upper surface is a single passage that connects the upper and lower intermediate portions of the side frame portions 14 in the longitudinal direction.
  • the positional relationship between the concave portion 19a and the concave portion 19b formed in the right side frame portion 14 is formed in the left side frame portion 14 '.
  • the width (dimension in the front-rear direction) of the recesses 19a and 19b for receiving the locking pieces 11a of the upper cover 6 and the locking pieces 11b of the lower cover 7 is as follows. It is slightly larger than the width of 11a and 11b.
  • These locking portions 20a and 20b are ridges that are slightly thinner than the vertical dimension of the corresponding locking pieces 11a and 11b.
  • a common stopper 30 protruding outward from these locking portions 20a and 20b is formed behind the locking portions 20a and 20b. Restricts 1a, 1 1b from sliding further backwards.
  • a screw hole 21 corresponding to the screw hole 12 of the upper cover 6 is formed on the upper surface of the front end of the side frame portion 14, 14 ā€². (Figs. 5 and 6).
  • a stainless steel frame plate 22 is molded integrally with the frame 5 (outsert molding).
  • the frame plate 22 supports a cartridge 17 in which a magnetic recording medium (magnetic recording disk 52) composed of a circular film is stored in a shell, and A disk drive motor 23 for rotating the magnetic recording disk 52 of the cartridge 17, a recording / reproducing head 24, and a cartridge that has entered the case 4 from the opening 18.
  • Cartridge lock mechanism 25 that positions and supports the cartridge 17, and a cartridge feed lever that pushes the cartridge 17 out of the case 4 One 26 is attached.
  • the disk drive motor 23 is mounted on a first recess 32 (FIGS. 5 and 6) formed at a rear portion of the frame plate 22.
  • the rotating shaft 24 a of the recording / reproducing head body 24 is attached to a second recess 37 (FIGS. 5 and 6) formed in a front part of the frame plate 22.
  • the eject mechanism 60 of the cartridge lock mechanism 25 slides in the front-rear direction on the side of the recording / reproducing head body 24 on the frame plate 22. It is provided as possible.
  • a cartridge feed-out lever 26 is provided rotatably.
  • a through hole 34 through which a flexible printed circuit (FPC) 27 is passed is formed in a portion near the right frame portion 14 ā€² in front of the frame plate 22.
  • FPC flexible printed circuit
  • the circuit board 3 mounts a control device such as a CPU.
  • the connector 2 conforming to the PCMCIA standard is integrated with the circuit board 3 by soldering its terminals to the front edge of the circuit board 3 as shown in FIG.
  • the circuit board 3 is arranged on the lower surface side of the frame plate 22. Although not shown, the disk drive motor 23 is electrically connected to the circuit board 3. Further, the recording / reproducing head body 24 is connected to the circuit board 3 via the FPC 27.
  • a disk drive motor 23, a recording / playback head 24, and a cartridge lock mechanism 2 are mounted on the upper surface of the frame plate 22.
  • Mount elements such as 5 and the cartridge feed-out lever 26.
  • the frame 5 is turned over, the circuit board 3 is superimposed on the lower surface of the frame plate 22 via the insulating sheet 28, and the circuit board 3, the disk drive motor 23, and the recording / reproducing head are stacked.
  • the connector 2 attached to the front end of the circuit board 3 is fitted between the front ends of the side frames 14 and 14 ā€², and Exposed on the edge ( Figure 4).
  • the upper cover 6 is applied to the upper surface of the frame 5, and as shown in FIG. 1, the locking pieces 11 a are inserted into the recesses 19 a of the side frame portions 14, 14 ā€². Align and push down (downward) in the direction of arrow X in Fig. 1 to fit the locking piece 11a into the recess 19a. Then, while pressing the upper cover 6 against the side frame portions 14 and 14 ', slide in the direction of arrow Y (rearward) in FIG. Then, the locking piece 11 a of the upper force bar 6 slides rearward along the longitudinal direction of the case 4 to engage with the locking portion 20 a, and the upper cover 6 and the frame 5 are separated from each other. It is temporarily fixed (Fig. 7).
  • the lower cover 7 is applied to the lower surface of the frame 5 so that the locking pieces 11b match the recesses 19b of the recesses 19b of the side frame portions 14 and 14 ', and the arrow in FIG. Push in the X 'direction (upward), and fit the locking pieces 11b into the recesses 19b. Then, slide the bottom cover 7 in the direction of the arrow Y 'in Fig. 1 (backward) while pressing it against the side frames 14 and 14'. Then, the locking piece 11b of the lower cover 7 slides backward along the longitudinal direction of the case 4 to engage with the locking portion 20b, and the lower cover 7 and the frame 5 are temporarily fixed. State (Fig. 7).
  • the adhesive layer of the heat-sensitive type is formed on the inner surface of the front edge portion 8 by the step drawing of the upper cover 6 by a printing technique.
  • the part 8 is heated to 140 to 150 Ā° C to dissolve the glue layer and to make a ā€œpeelableā€ weak adhesive state.
  • the inner surface of the front edge 8 of the upper cover 6 is connected to the upper surface of the connector 2 via the adhesive layer in a weakly bonded state.
  • peelable means that the upper cover 6 is not peeled off under normal use, but it can be removed relatively easily when it is necessary to remove the upper cover 6 for inspection or the like. What can be done. In other words, it is ā€œpeelableā€ because it is scheduled to be removed. By this bonding, the front end of the upper cover 6 is prevented from rising from the upper surface of the frame 5.
  • the inner surface of the front edge portion 8 formed by the step drawing at the front end portion of the lower cover 7 is coated with a heat-sensitive, non-peeling strong adhesive. Then, the inner surface of the front edge 8 of the lower cover 7 and the lower surface of the connector 2 are bonded to each other with a strong adhesive. This attachment is not intended to be removed and will be affixed. The front end of the lower cover 7 is fixed by this bonding and is prevented from floating.
  • the adhesion with the strong adhesive serves as a slide blocking means for preventing the sliding of the locking piece 11b in the longitudinal direction, so that the locking piece 11b slides forward, and furthermore, the concave portion. 19 9b force, preventing escape.
  • the lower cover 7 can also be detachably fixed to the frame 5 with screws and a weak adhesive in the same way as the upper cover 6 (scheduled removal). Inspection of the lower surface of the plate 22 is also easy.
  • the front edge of the upper cover 6 and the lower cover 7 is formed with a stepped drawing at the front end of the upper cover 6 and the lower cover 7 so as to make the front end thinner than the center.
  • the upper cover 6 and the lower cover 7 are moved rearward (arrows Y and Y 'in FIG. 1) so that the front edge 8 does not catch on the frame 5.
  • the locking pieces 11a and 11b and the locking parts 20a and 2 O b and are engaged are engaged.
  • the PC card does not form the edge 8 formed by the squeeze, slide the upper cover 6 or the lower cover 7 forward, and lock the locking pieces 11a and 11b. And the locking portions 20a and 20b may be engaged with each other.
  • the side surface of the case 4 has a structural feature.
  • the upper cover 6 made of metal includes a bent wall (vertical wall) 35 that is bent downward at the left side edge 8 ā€² over the entire length.
  • a bent wall 35 At the bent wall 35, three tongue pieces protruding further downward than the front end line 1 of the wall 35 are provided at three places, and these tongue pieces are inward from the tip line L1.
  • a locking piece 11a having a substantially U-shaped cross section is formed.
  • the lower cover 7 made of metal includes a bent wall 36 bent upward at the left and right side edges 8 ā€² over the entire length.
  • the bent wall 36 is provided with three tongue pieces protruding upward from the end line 2 of the wall 36 at three places, and the tongue pieces are bent inward from the end line L 2.
  • a locking piece 11b having a substantially U-shaped cross section is formed.
  • the leading edge (lower edge) of the bent wall 35 of the upper cover 6 where the tongue piece (that is, the locking piece 11a) is not formed is the lower surface of the locking piece 11a. Therefore, the side surface of the upper cover 6 is a continuous bent wall 35 having a constant height over the entire length thereof.
  • the leading edge (upper edge) of the bent wall 36 where the tongue piece (that is, the locking piece 11 b) is not formed is the locking piece 1. Since the upper surface of 1b coincides with the tip line L2, the side surface of the lower cover 7 is a continuous bent wall 36 having a constant height over the entire length direction.
  • the tongue piece 10 is bent on both sides so as to be easily formed by bending the tongue piece 10 to form the locking pieces 11a and 11b. Cuts are made for 6 parts.
  • the width A of the bent wall 35 in the upper cover 16 is approximately equal to the width B of the bent wall 36 in the lower cover 7.
  • Half (A B 2).
  • the structure of the side frame portions 14 and 14 ' is almost the same as that of the first embodiment, and the upper cover 6 and the lower cover locking pieces 11a and 11b are respectively moved vertically. It is provided with concave portions 19a and 19b for guiding, and locking portions 20a and 20b for engaging the locking pieces 11a and 11b.
  • the spring for GND is generally provided almost at the center in the height direction (thickness direction) of the inner side wall of the slot. Therefore, if the width A of the bent wall 35 of the upper cover 6 is made different from the width B of the bent wall 36 of the lower cover 7, the spring for GND is bent at the upper cover 6. Facing either the wall 3 5 or the bent wall 3 of the lower cover 7 (the bent wall with the larger width), the upper cover 6 has a bent wall 3 5 and the lower cover 7 has a bent wall 3 6 It does not oppose the gap or boundary of. Therefore, the spring for GND can maintain more stable contact with the case 4 of the card-type electronic device 1.
  • FIGS. 11 to 13B Next, a third embodiment of a card type electronic device according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 11 to 13B.
  • the upper cover 6 and the lower cover 6 of the connector 2 can be generated when the thickness of the upper cover 6 and the lower cover is reduced to increase the space for housing the internal components. It solves the problem of mounting in one room.
  • the upper cover 6 has a thickness (t 1)
  • a thin SUS plate of 0.15 mm is pressed and, as in the prior art described with reference to FIG. 14 to FIG.
  • a second flat portion which is one step lower than the first flat portion on the inner surface side is formed from both sides of the first flat portion.
  • the first flat part becomes the internal component storage part 6a
  • the second flat part becomes the connector storage part 6b and the insertion guide part 6d.
  • the upper cover 6 having a thickness (t 1) of 0.2 O mm is used.
  • the upper cover 6 in this example is 0.05 mm thinner than 0.15 mm. Use those.
  • the upper cover 6 of the present embodiment further has a thickness (0.05 mm) on the inner side of the second flat portion (connector storage portion 6 b) in which the thickness of the upper cover 6 is reduced.
  • a third flat portion (connector junction 6c) is formed, which is only depressed. Then, the inner surface of the third flat portion and the connector are fixed with an adhesive.
  • the lower cover 7 has the same structure as the upper cover 6. That is, the lower cover 7 also press-processes a 0.15 mm thin SUS plate to form a first flat portion, a second flat portion, and a third flat portion.
  • the connector 2 for external connection has the same dimensions as the conventional example. That is, the thickness (T 1) of the flange 2 a is 3.3 mm (standard), and the second flat portion (connector storage portion) of the upper cover 6 is formed. The thickness (T 2) of the joint step 2b inserted between the lower cover 7 and the second flat portion (connector housing 7b) of the lower cover 7 is 2.8 mm. Step between T 1 and T 2 (T 3)
  • the third flat portions of the upper cover 6 and the lower cover 7 are for joining the connector 2, and Parts 6c and 7c.
  • the third flat portion that is, the connector joints 6 c and 7 c are connected to the connector storage portions 6 b and 7 b of the upper cover 6 and the lower cover 7. It is formed at the center of the tip. Therefore, the second flat portion is formed at the left and right end portions of the distal end portion of the connector housing portion and behind the third flat portion.
  • the connector guides 6e and 7e are connected to the connector joint 6c and
  • the insertion guides 6 d and 7 d formed on the upper cover 6 and the lower cover 7, and those of the connector storages 6 b and 7 b The bonding between the respective inner surfaces and the surface of the frame 5 and the bonding between the inner surfaces of the connector joints 6c and 7c and the bonding surface 2c of the connector 2 are the same as in the past.
  • the adhesive 38 is applied by a screen printing method.
  • the thickness t2 (adhesive white) of the adhesive layer is about 0.05 mm, and a desired adhesive strength can be secured with the adhesive opening having this thickness. Note that a double-sided tape may be used instead of applying the adhesive 38.
  • the adhesive strength can be ensured by squeezing by the press molding for the reduced thickness.
  • a substantially rectangular plate member (SUS plate) having a thickness (t1) of 0.15 mm and a substantially rectangular shape of a predetermined size is subjected to press working.
  • the second flat portion (connector storage portion 6b and insertion guide portion 6d) is used as a reference plane, and the first flat portion (internal component storage portion) is used. 6 a) is formed on the outer surface of the flat plate.
  • a third flat portion (connector joint portion 6c) at which the connector 2 and the upper cover 6 are joined with the second flat portion as a reference plane, Formed on the inner surface side of the flat plate (the side opposite to the first flat part).
  • the method of manufacturing the lower cover 17 shown in FIGS. 11 to 13B is also the same as the method of manufacturing the upper cover 6 described above, and the lower cover 17 is the same as the first and second methods described above. It is formed in a pressing process.
  • the processing accuracy in the first and second pressing steps described above is such that the second flat portion is used as a reference surface, the first flat portion is formed on the outer surface side, and the third flat portion is formed on the inner surface side. Accuracy can be machined without accumulating errors.
  • the second flat portion (connector storage portion) of the upper cover 6 and the lower cover 7 constituting the case is provided. 6b), a third flat portion (connector joint 6c), which is recessed by approximately 0.05 mm, is formed on the inner surface side of the third flat portion, and the inner surface side of the third flat portion is connected to the connector.
  • the upper and lower covers 6 and 7 are made as thin as possible to expand the internal storage space while maintaining the adhesive strength of the adhesive because the and are fixed with adhesive. It has the special effect of being able to do it.
  • the connector housing section of the second flat section is left at both ends in the longitudinal direction of the third flat section, so that it can be securely attached to the receiving connector on the external electronic device side without play.
  • Can Card-type electronic equipment is left at both ends in the longitudinal direction of the third flat section, so that it can be securely attached to the receiving connector on the external electronic device side without play.
  • PC card of the PCM CIA standard has been described as an embodiment, but the card-type electronic device of the present invention can be other than the PC card.

Landscapes

  • Casings For Electric Apparatus (AREA)

Description

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äøŠć‚«ćƒćƒ¼ 6åŠć³äø‹ć‚«ćƒćƒ¼ 7 ć«ćć‚Œćžć‚Œå½¢ęˆ 恗恟ē¬¬ 2恮 平坦éƒØć®ć‚³ 惍ć‚Æ ć‚æ収ē“éƒØ 6 b态 7 b ćØ态 ć‚³ćƒć‚Æ ć‚æ 2恮ꎄ åˆę®µéƒØ 2 b åŠć³ęž  5 ćØ恮å›ŗē€ćÆ态 äø€čˆ¬ēš„恫ꎄē€å‰¤ 3 8 悒 ć‚¹ć‚Æ ćƒŖćƒ¼ćƒ³å°åˆ·ę³•ć§å”—åøƒ ć—ć¦č”Œć†ćŒć€ ꎄē€å±¤ć®åŽšćæ t 2 (ꎄē€ć‚·ćƒ­ļ¼‰ ćÆ态 0. 0 5 m m ~ 0. 0 6 m mē؋åŗ¦ć§ć‚ ćƒŖ态 ć“ć®åŽšć•ć®ęŽ„ē€ć‚·ćƒ­ćÆꎄē€ć®ä½œę„­ę€§ć‚‚ć‚ˆ 恏 ꉀ要恮ꎄ ē€å¼·åŗ¦ćŒē¢ŗäæć§ćć‚‹ć€‚
äøŠć‚«ćƒćƒ¼ 6 åŠć³äø‹ć‚«ćƒćƒ¼ 7 恮ęæ厚 ļ¼ˆ t 1 ) 恫ꎄē€ć‚·ćƒ­ ( t 2 ) ć‚’åŠ ćˆćŸåÆøę³• ļ¼ˆ = t 1 + t 2 ) ćÆ 0. 2 5 m m ćØćŖ 悊态 ć‚³ 惍ć‚Æ ć‚æ 2 ć«å½¢ęˆć•ć‚ŒćŸå‰čØ˜ę®µå·® T 3 恮åÆøę³•
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ć¾ćŸć€ 前čØ˜ć‚³ćƒć‚Æ ć‚æ 2ć®ęŽ„åˆę®µéƒØ 2 bć®åŽšćæ T 2 ( = 2. 8 m m ) ćÆ态 ćƒ”ćƒ¼ć‚«ć«ć‚ˆ 悊čح定åÆøę³•ćŒē•°ćŖ悋怂 ä¾‹ćˆ 恰态 T 2 - 2. 7 m m态 2. 9 m m恮åÆøę³•ć®å “åˆćÆ态 前čæ° ć—ćŸć‚ˆ 恆 ć«ć‚³ćƒć‚Æ ć‚æ ć®é”éƒØ厚ćæ T 1 = 3. 3 m m
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ć‚³ 惍ć‚Æ ć‚æ 悬悤 惉éƒØ 6 e态 7 e ćÆ态 図 1 3 B恋悉 ć‚‚åˆ†ć‹ 悋悈 恆 恫态 ć‚³ćƒć‚Æ ć‚æęŽ„åˆéƒØ 6 c态 7 c 悈 悊 悂态 äøŠć‚«ćƒćƒ¼ 6 åŠć³äø‹ć‚«ćƒćƒ¼ 7 恮ęæåŽšć‚’č–„ć ć—ćŸåˆ† t 3 ( = 0. 0 5 m m ) 恠恑态 外面偓ćøēŖå‡ŗ 恗恦恄悋怂 å¾“ć£ć¦ć€ ꎄē€ć‚·ćƒ­ ( t 2 ) 悒 0. 0 5 m mć«ć™ć‚‹ćŸć‚ć«ć€ Ꞡ 5 ć®åŽšćæ悒äøŠ äø‹ćć‚Œćžć‚Œ 0. 0 5 m må¢—ć‚„ 恗恦态 Ꞡ 5 ć®åŽšćæ ļ¼ˆ T 4 ) 悒 2. 9 m mćØ 恗恦恂悋怂
ć‚³ 惍ć‚Æ ć‚æ 悬悤 惉éƒØ 6 e态 7 e ćÆ态 ć‚³ćƒć‚Æ ć‚æęŽ„åˆéƒØ 6 c态
7 c 悈 悊 悂态 ć‚«ćƒćƒ¼éƒØęć®ęæåŽšć‚’č–„ć ć—ćŸåˆ† t 3 ( = 0. 0 5 m m ) 恠恑态 外面偓ćøēŖå‡ŗ ć—ćŸę§‹ęˆć« ć—ćŸć®ć§ć€ ć‚³ 惍ć‚Æ ć‚æ 悬悤 惉éƒØ 6 e ćØ 7 e ćØć®é–“ć®č·é›¢ćÆ态 ęŒæå…„ć‚¬ć‚¤ 惉 éƒØ 6 d态 7 d (図 1 2 ) ć®åŽšćæćØ 同値ćØ ćŖ 悊态 č¦ę ¼ć§ę±ŗ 悁 悉悌恟åÆøę³•å€¤ 3. 3 m mćØćŖ悋怂
å¾“ć£ć¦ć€ 外éƒØé›»å­ę©Ÿå™Øå“ć«čØ­ć‘ć¦ć‚ć‚‹å—ć‘å“ć‚³ćƒć‚Æ ć‚æ (図ē¤ŗ恛恚ļ¼‰ 恫悬ć‚æ ćŖ 恏 ć‚¹ćƒ ćƒ¼ć‚ŗ恫äæ‚åˆć§ćć€ 外éƒØ電子 ę©Ÿå™Øć«å®‰å®š 恗恦ē¢ŗå®Ÿć«å– ć‚Šä»˜ć‘ć‚‹ 恓 ćØ恌恧恍悋怂
ć¾ćŸć€ äøŠć‚«ćƒćƒ¼ 6åŠć³äø‹ć‚«ćƒćƒ¼ 7 ć«å½¢ęˆć—ćŸęŒæå…„ć‚¬ć‚¤ 惉éƒØ 6 d åŠć³ 7 d åŠć³ć‚³ćƒć‚Æ ć‚æ収ē“éƒØ 6 b态 7 b ć®ćć‚Œ ćžć‚Œć®å†…é¢å“ćØꞠ 5 恮č”Ø面ćØ恮ꎄē€ćØ态 恕 悉恫态 ć‚³ćƒć‚Æ ć‚æęŽ„åˆéƒØ 6 c态 7 c ć®å†…é¢å“ćØ ć‚³ 惍ć‚Æ ć‚æ 2ć®ęŽ„åˆé¢ 2 c ćØ恮ꎄē€ćÆ态 å¾“ę„ćØåŒę§˜ć«ć€ ꎄē€å‰¤ 3 8 ć‚’ć‚¹ć‚Æ ćƒŖćƒ¼ćƒ³å° åˆ·ę³•ć§å”—åøƒć—ć¦č”Œć†ć€‚ 恟恠 恗态 前čæ° ć—ćŸć‚ˆ 恆 恫态 ꎄē€å±¤ ć®åŽšćæ t 2 (ꎄē€ć‚·ćƒ­ļ¼‰ ćÆ 0 . 0 5 m mē؋åŗ¦ć§ć‚ 悊态 恓 ć®åŽšć•ć®ęŽ„ē€ć‚·å£ć§ę‰€ęœ›ć®ęŽ„ē€å¼·åŗ¦ćŒē¢ŗäæć§ćć‚‹ć€‚ ćŖ恊态 ꎄē€å‰¤ 3 8 ć®å”—åøƒć®ä»£ć‚ 悊 恫态 äø”é¢ćƒ†ćƒ¼ćƒ—ć‚’ē”Øć„ć¦ć‚‚ć‚ˆ 恄怂
äøŠčؘ 恗恟悈 恆 恫态 äøŠć‚«ćƒäø€ 6 åŠć³äø‹ć‚«ćƒäø€ 7 恮ęæåŽšć‚’ 薄恏 恗恦悂态 ćć®č–„ć ć—ćŸåˆ†ć ć‘ćƒ—ćƒ¬ć‚¹ęˆå½¢ć§ēµžć‚‹ 恓 ćØ ć«ć‚ˆ 悊态 ꎄē€å¼·åŗ¦ć‚’ē¢ŗäæć™ć‚‹ 恓 ćØ恌恧恍悋怂
ć¾ćŸć€ å¾“ę„ęŠ€č”“ć§å•é”ŒćØćŖć£ćŸćƒ” ćƒ¼ć‚«ć«ć‚ˆ 悊čح定åÆøę³• 恌ē•°ćŖć‚‹ć‚³ćƒć‚Æ ć‚æ ć®ęŽ„åˆę®µéƒØć®åŽšćæć®å¤‰åŒ–ć«åƾåæœ ć—ć¦ć€ äøŠäø‹ć‚«ćƒćƒ¼éƒØęć®ćƒ—ćƒ¬ć‚¹åŠ å·„ę™‚ć®ēµž 悊 귱恕恮čŖæꕓ恠恑恧 処ē†ć§ćć€ ꎄē€ć®ä½œę„­ę€§ćŒč‰Æ 恏 ę‰€ęœ›ć®ęŽ„ē€å¼·åŗ¦ć‚’ē¢ŗäæć™ 悋 恓 ćØ恌恧恍悋怂
恓 恓 恧态 ć“ć®å›³ 1 1 ä¹ƒč‡³å›³ 1 3 B恫ē¤ŗ恙äøŠć‚«ćƒćƒ¼ 6恮 č£½é€ ę–¹ę³•ć«ć¤ć„ć¦čŖ¬ę˜Žć™ć‚‹ć€‚
ęæ厚 ļ¼ˆ t 1 ) 恌 0 . 1 5 m m恧态 ę‰€å®šć®å¤§ćć•ć®ē•„長 ę–¹å½¢ć‚’ 恗恟 1 ęžšć®å¹³é¢ęæéƒØꝐ ļ¼ˆ S U Sęæļ¼‰ ć‚’ćƒ—ćƒ¬ć‚¹åŠ å·„ 恫恋恑悋怂
å…ˆćšć€ ē¬¬ 1 ć®ćƒ—ćƒ¬ć‚¹åŠ å·„å·„ēØ‹ć§ć€ ē¬¬ 2 ć®å¹³å¦éƒØ ļ¼ˆć‚³ćƒ ć‚Æ ć‚æ収ē“éƒØ 6 b åŠć³ęŒæå…„ć‚¬ć‚¤ 惉éƒØ Ā· 6 d ) 悒åŸŗęŗ–é¢ć« 恗恦态 ē¬¬ 1 ć®å¹³å¦éƒØ ļ¼ˆå†…éƒØę§‹ęˆč¦ē“ åŽē“éƒØ 6 a ) ć‚’å¹³é¢ęæć®å¤– é¢å“ć«å½¢ęˆć™ć‚‹ć€‚ ꬔ恫态 ē¬¬ 2 ć®ćƒ—ćƒ¬ć‚¹åŠ å·„å·„ēØ‹ć§ć€ ē¬¬ 2 ć®å¹³å¦éƒØ悒åŸŗęŗ– é¢ć« 恗恦态 ć‚³ 惍ć‚Æ ć‚æ 2 ćØäøŠć‚«ćƒćƒ¼ 6 ćØćŒęŽ„åˆć™ć‚‹ē¬¬ 3 恮 平坦éƒØ ļ¼ˆć‚³ćƒć‚Æ ć‚æęŽ„åˆéƒØ 6 c ) 悒态 平面ęæć®å†…é¢å“ ļ¼ˆē¬¬ 1 ć®å¹³å¦éƒØćØ反åƾ偓ļ¼‰ ć«å½¢ęˆć™ć‚‹ć€‚
図 1 1 ä¹ƒč‡³å›³ 1 3 B 恫ē¤ŗ恙äø‹ć‚«ćƒäø€ 7 ć®č£½é€ ę–¹ę³•ć‚‚ć€ äøŠčؘ 恗恟äøŠć‚«ćƒäø€ 6 ć®č£½é€ ę–¹ę³•ćØåŒę§˜ć§ć‚ć£ć¦ć€ äø‹ć‚«ćƒ äø€ 7 ćÆäøŠčØ˜ć®ć‚ˆ 恆 ćŖē¬¬ 1 åŠć³ē¬¬ 2 ć®ćƒ—ćƒ¬ć‚¹åŠ å·„å·„ēØ‹ć§å½¢ ꈐ恕悌悋怂
äøŠčؘ 恗恟ē¬¬ 1 åŠć³ē¬¬ 2 ć®ćƒ—ćƒ¬ć‚¹å·„ēØ‹ć«ćŠć‘ć‚‹åŠ å·„ē²¾åŗ¦ ćÆ态 ē¬¬ 2 ć®å¹³å¦éƒØ悒åŸŗęŗ–é¢ć« 恗恦态 å¤–é¢å“ć«ē¬¬ 1 ć®å¹³å¦ éƒØ悒态 å†…é¢å“ć«ē¬¬ 3 ć®å¹³å¦éƒØć‚’å½¢ęˆć™ć‚‹ćŸć‚åŠ å·„čŖ¤å·®ćÆ ē“Æē©ć•ć‚Œć‚‹ 恓 ćØćŖ 恏 ē²¾åŗ¦č‰Æ恏 åŠ å·„ć™ć‚‹ 恓 ćØ恌恧恍悋怂
仄äøŠčŖ¬ę˜Ž 恗恟悈 恆 恫态 図 1 1 ä¹ƒč‡³å›³ 1 3 B恫ē¤ŗć™ć‚«ćƒ¼ ćƒ‰åž‹é›»å­ę©Ÿå™Ø 1 恧ćÆ态 ć‚±ćƒ¼ć‚¹ć‚’ę§‹ęˆć™ć‚‹äøŠć‚«ćƒäø€ 6 åŠć³ äø‹ć‚«ćƒćƒ¼ 7 恮态 ćć®ē¬¬ 2ć®å¹³å¦éƒØ ļ¼ˆć‚³ćƒć‚Æ ć‚æ収ē“éƒØ 6 b ) ć®å†…é¢å“ć«ć€ ć»ć¼ 0 . 0 5 m mć ć‘č½ć”č¾¼ć‚“ć ē¬¬ 3 ć®å¹³ 坦éƒØ ļ¼ˆć‚³ 惍ć‚Æ ć‚æęŽ„åˆéƒØ 6 c ) ć‚’å½¢ęˆć—ć¦ć€ ćć®ē¬¬ 3 ć®å¹³ 坦éƒØć®å†…é¢å“ćØ ć‚³ćƒć‚Æ ć‚æ ćØ 悒ꎄē€å‰¤ć§å›ŗē€ć™ć‚‹ć‚ˆ 恆 恫 恗 恦恄悋恋悉态 ꎄē€å‰¤ć®ęŽ„ē€å¼·åŗ¦ć‚’ē¢ŗäæć—ćŸć¾ć¾ć€ äøŠć‚«ćƒ äø€ 6 åŠć³äø‹ć‚«ćƒćƒ¼ 7 ć®ćć‚Œćžć‚Œć®ęæåŽšć‚’ę„µé™ć¾ć§č–„ 恏 恗 ć¦å†…éƒØ収ē“ē©ŗé–“ć‚’ę‹”å¼µć§ćć‚‹ ćØ ć„ć†ę ¼åˆ„ćŖåŠ¹ęžœć‚’ęœ‰ 恗恦 恗悝悋怂
ć¾ćŸć€ ē¬¬ 3 ć®å¹³å¦éƒØć«ćŠć‘ć‚‹é•·ę‰‹ę–¹å‘ć®äø”ē«ÆéƒØ恫态 ē¬¬ 2平坦éƒØć®ć‚³ 惍ć‚Æ ć‚æ収ē“éƒØć‚’ę®‹ć—ćŸć“ ćØ恧态 外éƒØé›»å­ę©Ÿ å™Øå“ć®å—ć‘å“ć‚³ćƒć‚Æ ć‚æ 恫åÆ¾ć—ć¦ć‚¬ć‚æ ćŖ 恏 ē¢ŗå®Ÿć«č£…ē€ć§ć ć‚‹ć‚«ćƒ¼ ćƒ‰åž‹é›»å­ę©Ÿå™Øć‚’ęä¾›ć§ćć‚‹ć€‚
仄äøŠć€ å®Ÿę–½ä¾‹ćØ 恗恦 P C M C I Ač¦ę ¼ć®ć„ć‚ć‚†ć‚‹ P C ć‚«ćƒ¼ ćƒ‰ć«ć¤ć„ć¦čŖ¬ę˜Ž 恗恟恌态 ęœ¬ē™ŗę˜Žć®ć‚«ćƒ¼ ćƒ‰åž‹é›»å­ę©Ÿå™Ø ćÆ态 P Cć‚«ćƒ¼ ćƒ‰ä»„å¤–ć®ć‚‚ć®ćØ恙悋 恓 ćØ 悂åÆčƒ½ć§ć‚ć‚‹ć€‚

Claims

č«‹ 걂 恮 ēƄ 囲
1 . ꞠćØ态 Ꞡ恮äøŠé¢åŠć³äø‹é¢ć‚’ćć‚Œćžć‚Œč¦†ć† 2 ęžšć®ć‚«ćƒ äø€ćØć‹ć‚‰ę§‹ęˆć•ć‚Œć‚‹ć‚±ćƒ¼ć‚¹ć‚’å«ćæ态
少ćŖ 恏 ćØ 悂äø€ę–¹ć®ć‚«ćƒćƒ¼ć®å°‘ćŖ 恏 ćØ 悂äø€å“ēøéƒØ恫态 先ē«ÆéƒØćŒć‚±ćƒ¼ć‚¹ć®å†…å“ć«å‘ć‹ć£ć¦å»¶ć³ć‚‹ęŠ˜ 悊 ę›²ć’éƒØ分 ć‚’ęœ‰ć™ć‚‹ę–­é¢ Uå­—å½¢ć®äæ‚ę­¢ē‰‡ć‚’态 1 ć¤ć¾ćŸćÆč¤‡ę•°å€‹ć€ ēŖå‡ŗ恙悋悈 恆 ć«å½¢ęˆ 恗态 ć¾ćŸć€
前čØ˜ć‚«ćƒćƒ¼ć®å“ēøéƒØ恫åƾåæœć™ć‚‹å‰čØ˜ęž ć®å¤–å“é¢ć«ćÆ态 前čؘäæ‚ę­¢ē‰‡ć‚’å—ć‘å…„ć‚Œć¦č©²äæ‚ę­¢ē‰‡ć‚’ć‚±ćƒ¼ć‚¹ć®åŽšćæę–¹å‘ 恫悬悤 ćƒ‰ć™ć‚‹å‡¹éƒØćØ态 ć“ć®å‡¹éƒØć«éš£ęŽ„ 恗恦态 前čؘ凹éƒØ ć«åµŒåˆ 恗恟äæ‚ę­¢ē‰‡ćØäæ‚合 ć—ć¦č©²äæ‚ę­¢ē‰‡ć‚’ęž ć®é•·ę‰‹ę–¹å‘ ć«ć‚¹ćƒ©ć‚¤ 惉恕恛悋äæ‚ę­¢éƒØćØ ć‚’å½¢ęˆć—ćŸć€
力äø€ ćƒ‰åž‹é›»å­ę©Ÿå™Ø怂
2 . 前čØ˜ęž ć®äæ‚ę­¢éƒØćÆ态 ćć®ę–­é¢å½¢ēŠ¶ćŒå‰čؘäæ‚ę­¢ē‰‡ć®ę–­ 面形ēŠ¶ć«åƾåæœ ć—ćŸć‚‚ć®ć§ć‚ć£ć¦ć€ 恓恮äæ‚ę­¢éƒØć«å‰čؘ力 ćƒćƒ¼ć®äæ‚ę­¢ē‰‡ćŒäæ‚合 恗恟ćØ 恍态 ćć®äæ‚ę­¢ē‰‡ć®å‰čØ˜ęŠ˜ć‚Š ę›²ć’éƒØåˆ†ć®å†…å“é¢ćŒć€ 前čؘäæ‚ę­¢éƒØ恮äø€å“面ćØꎄ触恗恦态 ć‚«ćƒćƒ¼ćŒęž ć‹ć‚‰äøŠę–¹ć«ć¾ćŸćÆäø‹ę–¹ć«é›¢č„±ć™ć‚‹ć®ć‚’å¦Ø恒 恦恄悋态 請걂恮ēƄ囲ē¬¬ 1 項čØ˜č¼‰ć®ć‚«ćƒ¼ ćƒ‰åž‹é›»å­ę©Ÿå™Ø怂
3 . 前čØ˜ęž ć®äæ‚ę­¢éƒØ恫ćÆ态 恓恮äæ‚ę­¢éƒØ恫äæ‚合 ć—ć¦å‰čؘ力 ćƒćƒ¼ć®äæ‚ę­¢ē‰‡ćŒć‚¹ćƒ©ć‚¤ ćƒ‰ć™ć‚‹ć®ć‚’é€”äø­ć§åœę­¢ć•ć›ć‚‹ć‚¹ 惈 ćƒƒćƒ‘ćƒ¼ćŒčØ­ć‘ć‚‰ć‚Œć¦ć„ć‚‹ć€ 請걂恮ēƄ囲ē¬¬ 1 項čØ˜č¼‰ć® ć‚«ćƒ¼ ćƒ‰åž‹é›»å­ę©Ÿå™Ø怂
4 . 前čؘäæ‚ę­¢ē‰‡ćŒå½¢ęˆć•ćŸå‰čØ˜ć‚«ćƒćƒ¼ć®å“ēøéƒØćÆ态 č©²ć‚« ćƒćƒ¼ć®äø­å¤®éƒØ悈 悊 悂äø€ę®µä½Ž 恏 å½¢ęˆć•ć‚Œć¦ć„ć‚‹å¹³å¦éƒØ恧 恂悋态 請걂恮ēƄ囲ē¬¬ 1 項čØ˜č¼‰ć®ć‚«ćƒ¼ ćƒ‰åž‹é›»å­ę©Ÿå™Ø怂
5 . 前čؘäæ‚ę­¢ē‰‡ćÆ态 äøŠć‚«ćƒćƒ¼ć®å°‘ćŖ 恏 ćØ 悂äø€å“ēøéƒØćØäø‹ ć‚«ćƒćƒ¼ć®å°‘ćŖ 恏 ćØ 悂äø€å“ēøéƒØćØ ć«å½¢ęˆć•ć‚Œć¦ćŠ 悊态 ć¾ 恟态 前čØ˜ęž ć«ćÆ态 äøŠć‚«ćƒćƒ¼ć®å‰čؘäø€å“ēøéƒØćØäø‹ć‚«ćƒćƒ¼ ć®å‰čؘäø€å“ēøéƒØć«ćć‚Œćžć‚Œåƾåæœ ć—ćŸä½ē½®ć«ćć‚Œćžć‚Œå‰ čؘ凹éƒØćØ前čؘäæ‚ę­¢éƒØćØćŒå½¢ęˆć•ć‚Œć¦ć„ć‚‹ć€ 請걂恮ēƄ囲 ē¬¬ 4項čØ˜č¼‰ć®ć‚«ćƒ¼ ćƒ‰åž‹é›»å­ę©Ÿå™Ø怂
6 . 前čؘäøŠć‚«ćƒćƒ¼ć®äæ‚ę­¢ē‰‡ć«åƾåæœ ć—ć¦å½¢ęˆć•ć‚ŒćŸå‡¹éƒØćØ äæ‚ę­¢éƒØćØ态 前čؘäø‹ć‚«ćƒćƒ¼ć®äæ‚ę­¢ē‰‡ć«åƾåæœ ć—ć¦å½¢ęˆć•ć‚Œ ćŸå‡¹éƒØćØäæ‚ę­¢éƒØćØ恌态 ęž ć®åŒäø€č¾ŗć«å½¢ęˆć•ć‚Œć¦ć„ć‚‹ć€ 請걂恮ēƄ囲ē¬¬ 5項čØ˜č¼‰ć®ć‚«ćƒ¼ ćƒ‰åž‹é›»å­ę©Ÿå™Ø怂
7 . 前čؘäøŠåŠ›ćƒ‘ćƒ¼ć®äæ‚ę­¢ē‰‡ć«åƾåæœ ć—ć¦å½¢ęˆć•ć‚ŒćŸå‡¹éƒØćØ态 前čؘäø‹ć‚«ćƒäø€ć®äæ‚ę­¢ē‰‡ć«åƾåæœ ć—ć¦å½¢ęˆć•ć‚ŒćŸå‡¹éƒØćØćÆ态 ęž ć®å‰čؘč¾ŗć®é•·ę‰‹ę–¹å‘ć«äŗ’ć„ć«ćšć‚ŒćŸä½ē½®ć«å½¢ęˆć•ć‚Œ 恦恄悋态 請걂恮ēƄ囲ē¬¬ 6項čØ˜č¼‰ć®ć‚«ćƒ¼ ćƒ‰åž‹é›»å­ę©Ÿå™Ø怂
8 . 前čؘäøŠć‚«ćƒćƒ¼ć®äæ‚ę­¢ē‰‡ć«åƾåæœ ć—ć¦å½¢ęˆć•ć‚ŒćŸå‡¹éƒØćØ态 前čؘäø‹ć‚«ćƒćƒ¼ć®äæ‚ę­¢ē‰‡ć«åƾåæœ ć—ć¦å½¢ęˆć•ć‚ŒćŸå‡¹éƒØćØćÆ态 ęž ć®ć»ć¼é«˜ć•ę–¹å‘äø­å¤®ć§é€£é€šć—恦恄悋态 請걂恮ēƄ囲ē¬¬ 7 項čØ˜č¼‰ć®ć‚«ćƒ¼ ćƒ‰åž‹é›»å­ę©Ÿå™Ø怂
9 . 前čؘäøŠć‚«ćƒćƒ¼ć«å½¢ęˆć•ć‚Œć‚‹äæ‚ę­¢ē‰‡ć®åž‚ē›“壁éƒØåˆ†ć®é«˜ 恕 ćÆ态 前čؘäø‹ć‚«ćƒćƒ¼ć«å½¢ęˆć•ć‚Œć‚‹äæ‚ę­¢ē‰‡ć®åž‚ē›“壁éƒØ分 ć®é«˜ć• ćØē•°ćŖ悋悈 恆 恫 恗恟态 請걂恮ēƄ囲ē¬¬ 6 項čØ˜č¼‰ć® ć‚«ćƒ¼ ćƒ‰åž‹é›»å­ę©Ÿå™Ø怂
1 0 . 少ćŖ 恏 ćØ 悂äø€ę–¹ć®ć‚«ćƒäø€ćÆ态 ćć®äø€å“ēøéƒØ恮å…Ø長 ć«ć‚ćŸć¤ć¦äøŠę–¹ć¾ćŸćÆäø‹ę–¹ć«ęŠ˜ć‚Š ę›²ć’ć‚‰ć‚ŒćŸę‰€å®šé«˜ć• ć®åž‚ē›“å£ć‚’ęœ‰ć—ć€ 恕 悉恫态 ćć®åž‚ē›“å£ć®å…ˆē«Æēøć‹ć‚‰ę‰€ å®šå¹…ć®čˆŒē‰‡ć‚’态 1 å€‹ć¾ćŸćÆćć‚Œä»„äøŠć€ ćć®å…ˆē«ÆéƒØćŒć‚± ćƒ¼ć‚¹ć®å†…å“ć«å‘ć‹ć£ć¦å»¶ć³ć‚‹ć‚ˆ 恆 恫ēŖčØ­ć™ć‚‹ 恓 ćØ ć«ć‚ˆ 恤恦态 前čؘ偓ēøéƒØćØ前čؘ垂ē›“壁ćØ前čØ˜čˆŒē‰‡ćØ 恧态 ę–­é¢ Uå­—å½¢ć®äæ‚ę­¢ē‰‡ć‚’å½¢ęˆć—ćŸć€ 請걂恮ēƄ囲ē¬¬ 1 項čØ˜č¼‰ć® 力äø€ ćƒ‰åž‹é›»å­ę©Ÿå™Ø怂
1 1 . 前čؘ偓ēøéƒØćÆ态 前čØ˜ć‚«ćƒćƒ¼ć®äø­å¤®éƒØ悈 悊 悂äø€ę®µä½Ž 恏 å½¢ęˆć•ć‚ŒćŸå¹³å¦éƒØ恧恂悋态 請걂恮ēƄ囲ē¬¬ 1 項čØ˜č¼‰ć® ć‚«ćƒ¼ ćƒ‰åž‹é›»å­ę©Ÿå™Ø怂
1 2 . 前čؘ垂ē›“å£ć§å‰čØ˜čˆŒē‰‡ć®äø”å“ć«ćÆ态 切 悊 č¾¼ćæćŒå…„ ć‚Œć‚‰ć‚Œć¦ć„ć‚‹ć€ 請걂恮ēƄ囲ē¬¬ 1 0項čØ˜č¼‰ć®ć‚«ćƒ¼ ćƒ‰åž‹é›» å­ę©Ÿå™Ø怂
1 3 . äøŠć‚«ćƒćƒ¼ć®å°‘ćŖ 恏 ćØ 悂äø€å“ēøéƒØćØ态 ćć®å“ēøéƒØćØ åƾåæœć™ć‚‹äø‹ć‚«ćƒćƒ¼ć®å“ēøéƒØćØ 恫态 恝悌恞悌态 前čؘ偓ēø éƒØćØ前čؘ垂ē›“壁ćØ前čØ˜čˆŒē‰‡ćØ ć§ę§‹ęˆć•ć‚Œć‚‹ę–­é¢ U字形 ć®å‰čؘäæ‚ę­¢ē‰‡ćŒå½¢ęˆć•ć‚Œć€ ć¾ćŸć€ 前čؘäøŠć‚«ćƒćƒ¼åŠć³äø‹ ć‚«ćƒćƒ¼ć®å‰čؘ偓ēøć«åƾåæœć™ć‚‹ęž ć®č¾ŗ恫ćÆ态 äøŠć‚«ćƒćƒ¼ć® äæ‚ę­¢ē‰‡ćØäø‹ć‚«ćƒćƒ¼ć®äæ‚ę­¢ē‰‡ć«åƾåæœ ć—ćŸä½ē½®ć«ć€ 恝悌恞 ć‚Œå‰čؘ凹éƒØćØ前čؘäæ‚ę­¢éƒØćØćŒå½¢ęˆć•ć‚Œć¦ć„ć¦ć€
前čØ˜ęž ć®äæ‚ę­¢éƒØ恫äøŠć‚«ćƒćƒ¼åŠć³äø‹ć‚«ćƒćƒ¼ć®äæ‚ę­¢ē‰‡ćŒ äæ‚合 恗恟ćØ ćć«ćÆ态 äøŠć‚«ćƒćƒ¼ć®äæ‚ę­¢ē‰‡ć®åž‚ē›“å£ć®äø‹ē«Æ ćØ态 äø‹ć‚«ćƒćƒ¼ć®äæ‚ę­¢ē‰‡ć®åž‚ē›“å£ć®äøŠē«ÆćØ ćÆ态 ć»ć¼ēŖć å½“ćŸć£ć¦ć€ äø”者間恫恻ćØć‚“ć©éš™é–“ćŒćŖ恄ēŠ¶ę…‹ćØ ćŖ悋态 請걂恮ēƄ囲ē¬¬ 1 0項čØ˜č¼‰ć®ć‚«ćƒ¼ ćƒ‰åž‹é›»å­ę©Ÿå™Ø怂
1 4 . 前čؘäøŠć‚«ćƒćƒ¼ć«å½¢ęˆć•ć‚Œć‚‹å‰čؘ垂ē›“å£ć®é«˜ć•ćÆ态 前čؘäø‹ć‚«ćƒćƒ¼ć«å½¢ęˆć•ć‚Œć‚‹äæ‚ę­¢ē‰‡ć®åž‚ē›“å£ć®é«˜ć• ćØē•° ćŖ悋 悈 恆 恫 恗恟态 請걂恮ēƄ囲ē¬¬ 1 3 項čØ˜č¼‰ć®ć‚«ćƒ¼ ćƒ‰åž‹ é›»å­ę©Ÿå™Ø怂
5 . ć‚«ćƒ¼ ćƒ‰åž‹é›»å­ę©Ÿå™Øć®å¤–å½¢åÆøę³•ć€ 恙ćŖć‚ć”ć€ å¹…ć€ 長 恕态 åŠć³åŽšćæćŒę‰€å®šć®å€¤ć§ć‚ć‚‹ 恓 ćØ态 åŠć³ć€ ć‚±ćƒ¼ć‚¹ć‚’ ꧋ꈐ恙悋äøŠć‚«ćƒćƒ¼åŠć³äø‹ć‚«ćƒćƒ¼ć®å“ēøéƒØ恌态 恝悌恞悌态 äø­å¤®ć‚ˆ ć‚Šę‰€å®šć®é«˜ć•ć ć‘ä½Ž 恏 å½¢ęˆć•ć‚Œć¦ć„ć‚‹ 恓 ćØ ćÆ态 ćØ 悂恫 P C M C I Ač¦ę ¼ć®ć‚æ 悤 惗 II 恫ęŗ–ę‹ ć—ćŸć‚‚ć®ć§ 恂悋态 請걂恮ēƄ囲ē¬¬ 4é …ć¾ćŸćÆ 1 1 項čØ˜č¼‰ć®ć‚«ćƒ¼ ćƒ‰åž‹ é›»å­ę©Ÿå™Ø怂
6 . äøŠć‚«ćƒćƒ¼åŠć³äø‹ć‚«ćƒćƒ¼ćÆé‡‘å±žč£½ęę–™ć‹ć‚‰ćŖ 悊态 Ꞡ ćÆåˆęˆęØ¹č„‚č£½ć§ć‚ć‚‹ć€ 請請걂恮ēƄ囲ē¬¬ 1 項čØ˜č¼‰ć®ć‚«ćƒ¼ ćƒ‰åž‹é›»å­ę©Ÿå™Ø怂
7 . 前čؘäøŠć‚«ćƒćƒ¼åŠć³å‰čؘäø‹ć‚«ćƒćƒ¼ć®å‰ē«ÆéƒØ恫ćÆ态 恝 ć‚Œćžć‚Œć‚³ćƒć‚Æ ć‚æ ć‚’åŽē“ć™ć‚‹ć‚³ 惍ć‚Æ ć‚æ収ē“éƒØćŒå½¢ęˆć•ć‚Œć€ ć¾ćŸć€ 前čؘäøŠć‚«ćƒćƒ¼åŠć³å‰čؘäø‹åŠ›ćƒćƒ¼ć®äø”偓éƒØ恫ćÆ态 ć‚³ 惍ć‚Æ ć‚æ ć‚’č£…ē€ć—ćŸć‚«ćƒ¼ ćƒ‰åž‹é›»å­ę©Ÿå™Øć‚’å¤–éƒØę©Ÿå™Øć®ć‚¹ 惭 惃 åœć«ęŒæå…„ć™ć‚‹ ćØ ćć®ęŒæå…„ć‚¬ć‚¤ 惉ćØ ćŖ悋ęŒæå…„ć‚¬ć‚¤ 惉 éƒØćŒå½¢ęˆć•ć‚Œć€ ć¾ćŸć€ 恓悌悉äøŠć‚«ćƒćƒ¼åŠć³äø‹ć‚«ćƒćƒ¼ć® ćć‚Œćžć‚Œć®äø­å¤®å†…面偓恫态 ć‚«ćƒ¼ ćƒ‰åž‹é›»å­ę©Ÿå™Øć®å†…éƒØ꧋ ꈐ要ē“ ć‚’収ē“ 恗态
恗恋悂态 äøŠć‚«ćƒćƒ¼åŠć³äø‹ć‚«ćƒćƒ¼ć®ć† ć”ć®å°‘ćŖ 恏 ćØ 悂 äø€ę–¹ćÆ态 ćƒ—ćƒ¬ć‚¹åŠ å·„ć«ć‚ˆ ć£ć¦å‰čؘ内éƒØę§‹ęˆč¦ē“ ć‚’収ē“ 恙悋ē¬¬ 1 ć®å¹³å¦éƒØćØ态 恓恮ē¬¬ 1 ć®å¹³å¦éƒØ悈 悊 ć‚‚å†…å“ć« č½ć”č¾¼ć‚“ć ä½ē½®ć«å½¢ęˆć•ć‚ŒćŸć€ 少ćŖ 恏 ćØ 悂ęŒæå…„ć‚¬ć‚¤ 惉 éƒØć‚’å«ć‚€ē¬¬ 2 ć®å¹³å¦éƒØćØ态 恓恮ē¬¬ 2ć®å¹³å¦éƒØ悈 悊 悂 恕 ć‚‰ć«å†…å“ć«č½ć”č¾¼ć‚“ć ä½ē½®ć«å½¢ęˆć•ć‚ŒćŸē¬¬ 3 ć®å¹³å¦éƒØ 悒꜉ 恗态
恓恮ē¬¬ 3 ć®å¹³å¦éƒØć®å†…é¢å“ćØ态 前čØ˜ć‚³ćƒć‚Æ ć‚æ ćØ 悒ꎄ ē€ę‰‹ę®µć‚’ć‚‚ ć£ć¦ęŽ„ē€ 恗恦ćŖ悋态 請걂恮ēƄ囲ē¬¬ 1 項čØ˜č¼‰ ć®åŠ›äø€ ćƒ‰åž‹é›»å­ę©Ÿå™Ø怂
1 8 . 前čØ˜ć‚³ćƒć‚Æ ć‚æ ć‚’åŽē“ ć—ć¦ć„ć‚‹ć‚³ćƒć‚Æ ć‚æ収ē“éƒØćÆ态 前čؘē¬¬ 2åŠć³ē¬¬ 3 ć®å¹³å¦éƒØ悒꜉ 恗恦恄悋态 請걂恮ēƄ囲 ē¬¬ 1 7 項čØ˜č¼‰ć®ć‚«ćƒ¼ ćƒ‰åž‹é›»å­ę©Ÿå™Ø怂
1 9 . 前čؘē¬¬ 3 ć®å¹³å¦éƒØćÆ态 前čØ˜ć‚³ćƒć‚Æ ć‚æ収ē“éƒØć®å…ˆē«Æ éƒØ恮äø­å¤®éƒØć«å½¢ęˆć•ć‚Œć€ ć¾ćŸć€ 前čؘē¬¬ 2ć®å¹³å¦éƒØćÆ态 前čØ˜ć‚³ćƒć‚Æ ć‚æ収ē“éƒØć®å…ˆē«ÆéƒØć®å·¦å³äø”ē«ÆéƒØćØ 恕 ć‚‰ć«å‰ čؘē¬¬ 3 ć®å¹³å¦éƒØć®å¾Œę–¹ć«å½¢ęˆć•ć‚Œć¦ć„ć‚‹ć€ 請걂恮ēƄ囲 ē¬¬ 1 8項čØ˜č¼‰ć®ć‚«ćƒ¼ ćƒ‰åž‹é›»å­ę©Ÿå™Ø怂
2 0 . 前čؘäøŠć‚«ćƒćƒ¼åŠć³äø‹ć‚«ćƒćƒ¼ć®äø”ę–¹ć«ć€ 恝悌恞悌态 前čؘē¬¬ 1 ć®å¹³å¦éƒØćØ态 前čؘē¬¬ 2 ć®å¹³å¦éƒØćØ态 恕 ć‚‰ć«å‰ čؘē¬¬ 3 ć®å¹³å¦éƒØ悒꜉ 恗恦恄悋态 請걂恮ēƄ囲ē¬¬ 1 7 項čؘ č¼‰ć®ć‚«ćƒ¼ ćƒ‰åž‹é›»å­ę©Ÿå™Ø怂
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CN1287671A (zh) 2001-03-14
KR20010032486A (ko) 2001-04-25

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