Classifications

• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
  • H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
  • H02P8/00—Arrangements for controlling dynamo-electric motors rotating step by step
  • H02P8/02—Arrangements for controlling dynamo-electric motors rotating step by step specially adapted for single-phase or bi-pole stepper motors, e.g. watch-motors, clock-motors
• • G—PHYSICS
  • G04—HOROLOGY
  • G04C—ELECTROMECHANICAL CLOCKS OR WATCHES
  • G04C3/00—Electromechanical clocks or watches independent of other time-pieces and in which the movement is maintained by electric means
  • G04C3/14—Electromechanical clocks or watches independent of other time-pieces and in which the movement is maintained by electric means incorporating a stepping motor
• • G—PHYSICS
  • G04—HOROLOGY
  • G04C—ELECTROMECHANICAL CLOCKS OR WATCHES
  • G04C3/00—Electromechanical clocks or watches independent of other time-pieces and in which the movement is maintained by electric means
  • G04C3/14—Electromechanical clocks or watches independent of other time-pieces and in which the movement is maintained by electric means incorporating a stepping motor
  • G04C3/143—Means to reduce power consumption by reducing pulse width or amplitude and related problems, e.g. detection of unwanted or missing step

Definitions

• the present invention relates to an electronic device equipped with a stepping motor such as a timing device, and more particularly to an electronic device capable of fast-forwarding a stepping motor.
• the stepping motor is also called a pulse motor, a stepping motor, a differential motor, or a digital motor, and is a motor driven by a pulse signal that is frequently used as an actuator of a digital control device.
• small-sized electronic devices suitable for portable use have been developed, and a small and light-weighted stepping motor has been widely used as one of these actuaries.
• timekeeping devices such as electronic clocks, time switches, and chronographs.
• the stepping motor 10 used in this timing device and the like passes through a magnetically saturated portion 17 in which the outside of a bipolar magnetized disk 13 is notched like a notch. It is designed to rotate inside the integrated stationary unit 12 connected to the main unit, and the driving unit 13 is rotated by a driving pulse of an appropriate frequency such as 1 Hz, and the unit is driven by the driving force. Needle. In order to eliminate hand movement errors, it is important to check whether or not the rotor 13 has been normally rotated by the drive pulse. For this purpose, the drive coil as shown in Fig. Current or voltage induced by the rotation of.
• the reverse current induced by the rotation of the mouth 13 is opposite to the drive pulse PW and the reverse polarity when passing through a position approximately 90 degrees from the stable position.
• the first peak PM 1 appears on the side c .
• the mouth 13 moves further, it passes the position A where the back-induced current becomes 0 and rotates 180 degrees, which is the drive destination (reverse pole side)
• the drive pulse PW and the large first beak PP1 on the same pole side as the drive pulse PW appear.
• the second peaks PM 2 and PP 2 are generated with shaking (vibration) until the mouth 13 stops stably.
• first peaks PM1 or PP1 have a high intensity but are affected by the transient current TW of the driving pulse PW, so that the driving pulse PW and the first beak PM1 or PP1 are temporally separated. Difficult to do.
• the second peak PM2 or PP2 which is weak but easy to separate, is chopper-amplified by a chopper pulse, captured as a counter-induced voltage, and used for rotation detection. ing.
• timekeeping devices such as wristwatch devices.
• One of them is to operate the stepping mode at a higher speed than during normal hand operation, and to set the time automatically or manually.
• rapid traverse to move the stepping motor at high speed, it is necessary to supply a drive pulse in a short cycle for rapid traverse.
• an object of the present invention is to provide an electronic device capable of stably performing fast forward of a stepping mode at high speed. Disclosure of the invention
• the counter-induced power excited by the rotation of the rotor is regarded as a current or a voltage, and the first beak is detected.
• a drive pulse is supplied while confirming the presence or absence of rotation of the rotor so that high-speed fast-forwarding can be performed.
• the 1st peak that is slower in time and easily separated from the drive pulse and the 1st peak on the same polarity side is detected, and the drive pulse for rapid traverse can be output at appropriate timing without fail. ing.
• the electronic device of the present invention includes a stepping motor capable of rotationally driving a multipolar magnetized port in a step provided with a driving coil, and a stepping motor for driving the port with respect to a driving coil.
• a drive device that supplies a drive pulse for the drive, a drive control device that can control the drive device to supply a drive pulse for fast-forwarding, and that can adjust the timing of the drive pulse;
• a position detection device capable of detecting the first peak having the same polarity as the immediately preceding drive pulse in the back-induced power excited by the drive control device, and the drive control device performs the following based on the detection timing of the first peak.
• the output timing of the drive pulse is controlled.
• the first peak can be detected earlier, so that the timing for supplying the drive pulse can be shortened and the rapid traverse can be performed. Speed can be increased.
• the first peak on the same pole side is detected, it is easy to separate the first peak from the driving pulse, and the first peak on the same pole side is detected. You can see that the evening has reached the stable position. Therefore, it is possible to detect that the mouth and mouth have rotated reliably, and then supply the next drive pulse at an appropriate output timing, so that the timing that matches the mouth and evening rotation direction is obtained. It is possible to supply the next drive pulse by the switching. Therefore, energy for fast forwarding can be saved.
• the drive pulse for rapid traverse can be supplied while checking the presence or absence of rotation at low speed, it is possible to prevent hand movement errors during rapid traverse and to achieve stable rapid traverse.
• the rotational speed of the rotor increases due to rapid traverse, the back electromotive force due to the rotation of the rotor also increases and the first peak also increases, so that it is easy to detect the mouth position based on the back electromotive force. Therefore, the detection timing can be reliably obtained.
• the position detection device can detect the back-induced power induced in the detection coil, thereby reducing the effect of the drive pulse. Because it can be suppressed, the drive pulse and the first peak are easy to separate, making it easy to confirm the position of the beach.
• the drive coil and the detection coil can be separately wound, but the drive coil and the detection coil can be wound coaxially. It is desirable that the coils wound inside both be aligned winding. Thus, even when the driving coil is wound outside, the effect on the performance of the stepping motor can be suppressed. In addition, even when the detection coil is wound outside, variation in the resistance can be suppressed, so that the first peak detection ability is stabilized.
• the detection coil can stably detect not only the drive pulse for fast-forward but also the back-induced power generated when a drive pulse at a normal speed is supplied. It can also be used to detect the position of a beach by a driving pulse of about 1 Hz, which is used for the hand movement of a timing device. In order to efficiently detect the first peak of the same polarity, it is desirable that the position detecting device detect the back-induced power amplified by the Chituba pulse of the same polarity as the immediately preceding drive pulse.
• the insensitive time (mask Time) to mask the signal supplied from the drive coil or detection coil to the position detection device, but to prevent the effects of transient currents and spike noise caused by drive pulses, and to ensure that Detection timing can be obtained.
• the position detection device obtains the detection timing by directly or after amplifying the back-induced power caused by the rotation of the rotor and comparing it with the reference level after the amplification.
• the comparison with the reference level may be performed using a comparator or the like, but it is also possible to obtain the detection timing using the threshold value of the evening as a reference value (reference level), thereby reducing the number of circuit elements. The power can be reduced.
• the drive control device supply a drive pulse having a narrow pulse width when the supply voltage of the power supply device increases, so that the first beak can be reliably detected.
• the supply voltage of the power supply is low, it is desirable to supply a drive pulse with a wide pulse width to secure effective power and to obtain sufficient strength as the first beak.
• the power supply voltage of the power supply becomes extremely low, the intensity of the first peak may be reduced, making it difficult to obtain detection timing. It is desirable to do so.
• a drive pulse having a narrow pulse width is supplied from the drive control device so that the drive pulse can detect the first peak of the counter-induced power. Can be prevented.
• the effective power of the driving pulse is reduced, the fast-forward speed of the stepping mode is also stabilized.
• the detection timing period is long, even if a drive pulse with a wide pulse width is supplied, the influence on the detection of the first peak is small, and the effective power of the drive pulse can be increased to increase the rapid traverse speed.
• the pulse width of the drive pulse is too wide, it may act as a brake in the rotational direction of the road.
• the drive control device supplies a drive pulse having a pulse width shorter than the interval from the output of the drive pulse to the detection timing by a predetermined time at the subsequent drive pulse timing. It is desirable to do. Further, the drive control device may supply a drive pulse having a short pulse width in proportion to the interval until the detection timing is obtained, at the timing of the subsequent drive pulse. In addition, if a drive pulse with a multi-step pulse width prepared in advance can be selected, a drive pulse with a short pulse width is supplied step by step until the detection timing is obtained. You may do it.
• the drive control device supplies the next drive pulse after a predetermined delay time has elapsed from the detection timing detected by the position detection device, so that the direction of the sway of the mouth (vibration direction) It is possible to save the energy to be applied to rotate the mouth by adjusting the driving direction by the driving pulse and the driving direction, thereby reducing the power consumption during rapid traverse.
• the drive control device can supply a drive pulse with a predetermined effective power and the detection timing cannot be obtained from the position detection device, the drive pulse immediately after a certain period of time elapses after a certain period of time, assuming that the rotor has rotated. It is possible to supply the next drive pulse with different polarity. As a result, the rapid traverse speed can be continued without being relatively low.
• a booster that can boost the supply voltage (power supply voltage) supplied to the drive unit is provided.
• the drive control unit enables the supply voltage boosted by the booster unit at the start of rapid traverse to be supplied to the drive unit. It is desirable to reach the rapid traverse speed.
• the position detection device may set the determination value of the back-induced power attributable to the rotation of low and low at the start of fast-forward correspondingly.
• the drive control device starts the fast-forward operation, that is,
• the drive pulse When supplying the first drive pulse or a pulse group including several subsequent pulses, the drive pulse can be supplied periodically, and after the specified rapid traverse speed is reached stably, the first beak It is also possible to increase the speed in a stable state by supplying a drive pulse by the detection timing.
• the drive control device It is also important for the drive control device to be able to supply a drive pulse with an effective power equal to or larger than the drive pulse for normal rotation at the start of rapid traverse, and to ensure that the rotor rotates.
• the drive control device supplies a drive pulse for the immediately preceding normal rotation and a demagnetization pulse of the opposite polarity at the start of rapid traverse so that the speed of the mouth can be increased. If it is possible to select a drive pulse with multiple stages of effective power prepared in advance, the drive pulse with the smaller effective power is selected and supplied in order from the start at the time of rapid traverse start, or the drive pulse with the larger effective power is selected at the start of rapid traverse. It is possible to select and supply in order to determine whether or not the rotor has rotated, and to perform rapid traverse with a drive pulse with the minimum effective power that allows the rotor to rotate.
• the drive control device outputs either an auxiliary pulse with a sufficiently large effective power or a regenerative pulse that regenerates the back-induced power of the mouth, or both, to output the rotor. It is desirable to be able to regulate movement.
• the drive control unit can supply a regular drive pulse at the end of rapid traverse regardless of the detection timing, thereby stably returning the low and evening to normal hand operation.
• the speed of the road can be gradually reduced. Also, when supplying the next drive pulse after a predetermined delay time has elapsed from the detection timing, the delay time can be controlled at the end of the fast-forward so that the speed of the row and the tail can be reduced.
• the method of supplying the drive pulse by obtaining the timing of the detection of the first beak of the back induced power caused by the rotation of the mouth is suitable for the case of fast-forward (reverse feed) in the reverse direction.
• the position detection device detects the second detection timing at which the turning can be started in the reverse direction based on the back induced power caused by the rotation of the mouth
• the drive control device detects the second detection timing.
• Reverse feed can be started by controlling the output timing of the drive pulse for starting reverse rotation based on the detection timing.
• an auxiliary pulse having a small effective power with a reverse polarity to the drive pulse for the reverse rotation before the start of the reverse rotation by the drive control device, the mouth can easily turn in the reverse direction.
• the position of the mouth can be determined by obtaining the detection timing, it is also possible to control the stop timing that lowers the drive pulse after recognizing that the rotation has started. It is. That is, When the drive control device stops the drive pulse based on the detection timing obtained by the position detection device, the mouth can be rotated more reliably, and reverse rotation can be prevented from occurring. Therefore, the speed is faster and more stable rapid traverse is possible. Then, even when the supply voltage fluctuates or the load torque fluctuates, a drive pulse of sufficient effective power can be automatically supplied to the stepping motor in consideration of these effects. Therefore, fast forward can be performed more stably.
• the drive control unit supplies a plurality of sub-pulses, which are drive pulses, from the drive unit. It is possible to make it possible to detect the counter-induced power caused by rotation.
• the first peak of the back induced power can be detected efficiently while the drive pulse is being supplied, and the drive pulse is stopped based on this. can do.
• the drive pulse is stopped after the detection timing is obtained, the effects of transient current and spike noise can be prevented during detection, and stable high-speed operation is possible.
• the position detecting device set a non-responsive time (mask time) in which the back induced power due to the rotation of the rotor is not detected for a predetermined time from the output driving of the immediately preceding drive pulse.
• a mask time By providing a mask, it is possible to prevent the driving pulse from being stopped due to noise or the like.
• fast-forwarding can be continued by setting a timing for stopping the drive pulse after a certain time has elapsed in the drive control device.
• the effective power of the drive pulse is increased by extending the delay time from the detection timing to the stop of the drive pulse. Can be increased, and the rotation of the sun can be regulated.
• FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a schematic configuration of a timing device provided with a stepping motor according to an embodiment of the present invention.
• FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing a configuration of a coil portion of the steering motor shown in FIG.
• FIG. 3 is a diagram schematically showing voltage fluctuations of the driving coil and the detection coil in the stepping mode shown in FIG.
• FIG. 4 is a diagram schematically showing a change in the back-induced current generated in the one-body stay and the two-body stay.
• FIG. 5 is a timing chart showing an example of a process for performing fast-forward by the timing device shown in FIG.
• FIG. 6 is a timing chart showing an example of a process for starting fast-forwarding by the timing device shown in FIG.
• FIG. 7 is a flowchart showing an example of a process of starting fast-forwarding by the timing device shown in FIG.
• FIG. 8 is a timing chart showing an example of a process for ending fast-forward by the timing device shown in FIG.
• FIG. 9 is a diagram schematically showing voltage changes of the driving coil and the detecting coil in the process of controlling the stop time of the driving pulse at the detection timing in the timing device shown in FIG.
• FIG. 10 is a timing chart showing an example of a process for controlling the stop timing of the driving pulse at the detection timing with the timing device shown in FIG.
• FIG. 11 is a diagram schematically showing the rotation of a rower during a stay.
• FIG. 12 is a diagram schematically showing a change in the current of the driving coil when the rotor rotates as shown in FIG. 11 and a change in the counter-induced current generated accordingly.
• Fig. 1 shows an example of a timing device such as a wristwatch device using a stepping watch.
• the timekeeping device 1 includes a stepping motor 10, a control device 20 for driving the stepping motor 10, a wheel train 50 for transmitting the movement of the stepping motor 10, and a wheel train 50. It has a second hand 61, a minute hand 62, and an hour hand 63, which are operated by the hand.
• the stepping motor 10 includes a driving coil 11 that generates a magnetic force by a driving pulse supplied from the control device 20, a step coil 12 that is excited by the driving coil 11, and a step coil 12.
• PM type permanent magnet rotation type
• the disk 13 is composed of disk-shaped two-pole permanent magnets
• Stepping mode is 10
• the different magnetic poles due to the magnetic force generated in the drive coil 11 appear in the respective phases (poles) 15 and 16 around the low end 13 so that the magnetic saturation section 1 7 are provided.
• an inner notch 18 is provided at an appropriate position on the inner circumference of the stay 12 to regulate the rotation direction of the rotor 13. 3 stops at an appropriate position.
• the rotation of the stepping motor 10 is low via the kana through the mouth — the fifth wheel 51, the fourth wheel 52, the third wheel 53, the second wheel 54, combined with the kana It is transmitted to each hand by the train wheel 50 consisting of the underwheel 55 and the hour wheel 56.
• the second hand 6 1 is connected to the axis of the fourth wheel 5 2
• the minute hand 62 is connected to 54
• the hour hand 63 is connected to the hour wheel 56.
• the time is displayed by these hands in conjunction with the rotation of the mouth 13 .
• a transmission system (not shown) for displaying the date and the like to the train wheel 50.
• a driving pulse is supplied periodically to the stepping motor 10 by counting a reference frequency signal.
• the control device 20 for controlling the stepping mode 10 uses a reference oscillation source 21 such as a crystal oscillator to generate a reference pulse having a reference frequency and a pulse having a different pulse width / timing.
• the control circuit 25 sends a driving pulse P 1 having a frequency of 1 Hz to the driving coil 11 via the driving circuit to drive the driving row 13 of the stepping mode 10 for normal hand operation.
• Supply function Function to output auxiliary pulse P2 with larger effective power than drive pulse when drive mouth 13 does not rotate, to regenerate energy of mouth and mouth following auxiliary pulse It has a function of outputting the regenerative pulse Pr, a function of outputting a degaussing pulse PE having a polarity different from that of the auxiliary pulse P2 for degaussing, and a function of adjusting the effective power of the driving pulse.
• control circuit 25 of the present example has a function of supplying a driving pulse PW for fast-forward driving the mouth 13 at a speed higher than the speed for normal hand movement. It also has a function to drive at high speed in the direction opposite to the normal hand operation using this drive pulse PW. Further, it becomes possible to output these drive pulses PW based on the detection timing obtained from the detection circuit 75. Is wearing.
• the drive circuit 30, which supplies various drive pulses to the stepping motor 10 based on the control signals ⁇ o 1 and 0 2 from the control circuit 25, is composed of n-channel MOSFETs 33a and p connected in series. It is equipped with a bridge circuit composed of channel MOS 32 a, n-channel MOS 33 b and p-channel MO 32 b, which are used to drive stepping module 10 from power supply 41. The power supplied to the coil 11 can be controlled.
• a detection coil 71 is wound together with a driving coil 11, and this detection coil 71 is connected to a jiobbing circuit 72.
• the tubing circuit 72 is a circuit in which p-channel M 0 S 73 a and 73 b are connected in parallel, and is supplied as control signals 0 t 1 and ⁇ t 2 from the tubing section 77 of the detection circuit 75.
• the counter-induced power generated in the detection coil 71 by the generated chopper pulse can be amplified.
• the timekeeping device 1 of the present example includes a power generation device 40 that can charge the power supply 41, and a step-up / down circuit that steps up and down the power output from the power supply 41 and supplies the power to the drive circuit 30 of the control device 20. It has 4 9s.
• the step-up / step-down circuit 49 of the present example is capable of performing multi-step voltage step-up and step-down by using a plurality of capacitors 49 a, 49 b and 49 c, and a drive control circuit of the control device 20. From 25, the voltage supplied to the drive circuit 30 can be adjusted by the control signal 11. The output voltage of the buck-boost circuit 49 is also supplied to the drive control circuit 25 by the monitor circuit ⁇ 12. Thus, the output voltage can be monitored. Therefore, it is possible to control the voltage of the driving pulse PW for rapid traverse as well as the driving pulse P1 during normal hand operation.
• FIG. 2 shows an enlarged view of the coil section 19 employed in the stepping module 10 of this example.
• FIG. 2 (a) shows the coil portion 19 in a cross section along the longitudinal direction
• FIG. 2 (b) shows the coil portion 19 in a cross section perpendicular to the longitudinal direction.
• a detection coil 71 is wound around a magnetic core 19a, and a driving coil 11 is wound outside the detection coil 71.
• the detection coil 71 wound inside is aligned and wound so that the surface is almost uniform and flat, and even if the two coils 71 and 11 are wound coaxially, The performance of the wound drive coil 11 1 is maintained.
• it is desirable that the inner drive coil 11 is arranged in a winding pattern.
• the drive coil 11 and the detection coil 71 can be separately wound.However, by winding the drive coil 11 and the detection coil 71 coaxially, the coil installation space can be reduced. This makes it possible to reduce the number of steps and reduce the number of steps 10 into a compact.
• FIG. 3 shows the state of the back induced electromotive voltage generated in the detection coil 71 in response to the drive pulse PW applied to the drive coil 11.
• the spike S occurs in the detection coil 71 with the fluctuation of the drive pulse PW.
• the transient current shown in Fig. 11 does not occur, and the first peak PP1 of the reverse induced power on the same pole side as the driving pulse PW appears in a state where it can be easily detected. Therefore, a driving method of detecting the first beak PP1 by some means, generating the next drive pulse PW based on the timing (detection timing), and rapidly feeding the row 13 at high speed should be adopted. Can be.
• a mode in which the driving pulse PW is supplied periodically based on a predetermined frequency (period) (the periodic driving mode).
• the periodic driving mode we call it the self-excited drive mode.
• the back-induced power excited by the rotation of the mouth 13 is regarded as current or voltage, and the first peak of the back-induced power is separated in time from the drive pulse.
• the rotor 13 is compared with the second peak of the back-induced power used to detect the rotation of the conventional steering motor. The position can be detected early. Therefore, the output timing for supplying the drive pulse can be made earlier, and the fast-forwarding can be made faster.
• the first peak that appears first after the supply of the drive pulse PW is used as the detection timing DT so that the drive pulse supply timing can be determined.
• the time for obtaining the detection timing can be minimized. Therefore, the drive pulse PW can be output while confirming the position of the mouth 13 in a minimum amount of time. Therefore, stable high-speed fast-forward is possible.
• the polarity of the back electromotive force may be determined, and the point at which the back electromotive force becomes zero (zero crossing) may be detected.
• the timing for detecting the zero crossing tends to be earlier than the timing when the back electromotive force actually becomes zero. Therefore, the timing of the next drive pulse may be different from the expected turning direction of the mouth 13 and may be caused to rotate in the opposite direction.
• the counter-induced voltage amplified by the chopper pulse having the same polarity as the immediately preceding drive pulse PW using the shoving circuit 72 is used as the input of the detection circuit 75.
• the thresholds are compared with the thresholds of 76a and 76b overnight. Detection by comparing with such a certain level (voltage level or current level) can prevent variations in the detection level, and perform position determination that steadily reflects the position of the R13. Can be.
• the back-induced voltage caused by the low voltage 13 can be higher than the added voltage due to the external magnetic field, the influence of the external magnetic field can be eliminated.
• the detection level (corresponding to the threshold value of the inverter) for judging the back EMF according to the conditions. Therefore, in these points, it is more accurate and more reliable to use level detection. 13 position detection is possible.
• the back induced voltage is different from that of a clean sine wave.
• the voltage fluctuation when the peak PM 1 on the opposite pole side from the beak PM 1 on the opposite pole side of the back induced voltage shifts slowly. Therefore, it is not easy to determine the zero-crossing point X 1 as in the case of two-body stay where the stay is separated.
• the first peak P P 1 can be reliably detected even in the case of one-stop operation.
• the position of the mouth 13 can be detected, and the drive pulse can be supplied at an appropriate timing based on the position.
• FIG. 5 is a timing chart showing an example of fast-forwarding in the self-excited drive mode.
• a control signal ⁇ 01 for supplying a drive pulse PW having a pulse width W0 is output.
• a spike S which is a high-frequency noise
• the chopper pulse which amplifies the back-induced voltage of the detection coil, is supplied at time t3, which is 0 after the mask time longer than the pulse width wo from time t1 when the drive pulse PW is supplied.
• spike S is not amplified by the chopper, and does not reach the detection level L (inverter—the threshold of evening 26).
• the insensitive time mask time
• the timing used as the reference for the mask time is not limited to the output timing, and may be the timing of the end of the drive pulse ⁇ another timing.
• the masking time is set to a length that does not detect the transient current caused by the driving pulse, so that the detection can be performed reliably. You can get the timing.
• the next drive pulse PW on the opposite pole side is output at time t5 when a predetermined delay time d0 has elapsed from detection timing DT based on signal ⁇ o2.
• the output timing of the drive pulse PW is determined by the detection timing DT.
• the delay time d 0 can be set according to the behavior of the mouth 13, and an appropriate time is set in advance by simulation or the like so that the direction of the row 13 is directed to the next stable direction. Can be kept.
• the interval I2 in the next cycle is shorter than the interval I1 from the output of the drive pulse in the previous cycle until the detection timing DT is obtained. I'm sorry. Therefore, at time t8, which is a delay time d0 after the detection timing DT at time t7, a drive pulse PW having a pulse width W1 narrower than the previous drive pulse PW is supplied. As described above, when the period of the detection timing DT detected by the detection circuit 75 is shortened, the drive pulse PW having a narrow pulse width W is supplied, so that the drive pulse PW affects the detection of the first peak PP1. Can be prevented.
• the mask time can be shortened, and the interval for supplying one drive pulse can be shortened, so that the stepping motor can be driven at a higher speed.
• the pulse width W the effective power of the drive pulse PW is reduced, so that the stepping motor can be automatically controlled to have an appropriate rapid traverse speed.
• the detection timing DT period is In the case of a longer pulse for each vehicle, even if a drive pulse with a wider pulse width is supplied, it has little effect on the detection of the first peak, and the effective speed of the drive pulse is increased to increase the rotational speed of the rotor 13 be able to.
• the width W of the drive pulse PW By controlling the width W of the drive pulse PW in this way, the detection of the 1st peak can be ensured, and the automatic control can be performed so that the steering mode is fast-forwarded at an appropriate speed.
• the pulse width of the drive pulse PW is reduced from W0 to W1, the timing at which the subsequent induced voltage is generated also becomes earlier.
• the masking time is shortened from 0 to 1 at the time, and chopper amplification is started at time t9 when the masking time is 1 from the time t8, and is output at the time t10.
• One peak is reliably detected so that the detection timing DT can be obtained.
• the next cycle starts after the shortened delay time d1 set for the pulse width W2 has elapsed, and the drive pulse PW
• the delay time d can be selected according to the pulse width of the drive pulse PW so that the next drive pulse PW can be supplied.
• a predetermined time i 0 is determined for the interval I i (the i-th interval) to be counted, and the pulse width W of the (i + 1) -th or subsequent drive pulse is set to ( It is conceivable that the control is made to be I i-1 i 0) (or that an appropriate ratio (0 ⁇ ⁇ 1) is set in advance, and IX is made the width of the next drive pulse PW. If the pulse width of the drive pulse PW can be selected stepwise, control may be provided such that when the interval I i becomes shorter, the drive pulse is gradually switched to a shorter drive pulse and supplied. Conceivable.
• the timekeeping device 1 of the present example incorporates the power generation device 40, the supply voltage supplied to the drive circuit 30 varies. Also, even for electronic devices that use primary batteries, the power supply may fluctuate depending on consumption. In such a case, the voltage fluctuation can be suppressed to some extent by the step-up / step-down circuit 49, but the voltage can only be adjusted stepwise. Therefore, when the supply voltage increases, the effective power of the drive pulse PW increases, the speed of the rotor 13 increases, and it becomes difficult to separate the drive pulse from the first peak, and the effects of transient current, spike noise, and the like are likely to appear. Become.
• the control circuit 25 of the present example monitors the supply voltage of the power supply device, and when the supply voltage increases, supplies the drive pulse PW having a narrow pulse width W to reliably obtain the detection timing DT. I am doing it.
• the drive pulse PW having a wide pulse width is supplied to secure the effective power, and the rotation of the rotor 13 is reduced. It is desirable to increase the rotation speed so as to obtain a sufficient back electromotive voltage.
• the pulse width when the voltage increases, the pulse width decreases and a driving pulse with a small effective power is supplied.When the voltage decreases, the pulse width increases and a driving pulse with a large effective power is supplied.
• the control circuit of the present example assumes that the mouth 13 has been rotated, and after a certain period of time, the polarity of the drive pulse PW is different from that of the immediately preceding drive pulse PW. The next drive pulse is supplied to maintain the rapid traverse speed.
• the processing when the detection timing DT is not obtained is not limited to this.After a certain time has elapsed, the auxiliary pulse P2 having the same polarity as the immediately preceding drive pulse PW and sufficiently large effective power is supplied. May be. As a result, the mouth can be reliably rotated, and the occurrence of a hand operation error can be prevented.
• perform a magnetic pole position detection process that supplies a drive pulse that swings the rotor 13 without rotating and detects the back electromotive force, and after confirming the position of the rotor 13 clearly, It is also possible to supply a drive pulse with an appropriate polarity to continue the rapid traverse. You.
• the detection timing DT cannot be obtained, it is assumed that rapid traverse has not been performed at the speed in the self-excited drive mode, and it is also possible to capture the movement of the sunset at the same timing as during normal hand operation. It is possible. For example, it is possible to determine the presence or absence of rotation by detecting the second peak ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ 2 or ⁇ ⁇ 2 of the back induced voltage caused by the movement of the mouth 13.
• the control circuit 25 can supply an auxiliary pulse ⁇ 2 having a sufficiently large effective power, and it can be provided in a stepwise manner compared to the immediately preceding drive pulse.
• the fast-forward speed may be increased by changing to the self-excited drive mode in which the first peak ⁇ ⁇ 1 is detected.
• FIG. 6 shows an example of a process for starting the self-excited drive.
• self-excited driving it is desirable that the value of the first peak is large in order to reliably detect the first peak ⁇ ⁇ 1 of the back electromotive force.
• the speed of the mouth 13 is small, so reverse The induced power is small and the first peak is low. Therefore, the first
• the supply voltage is stepped up by the step-up / step-down circuit 49, and at time t21, the drive pulse PW of the voltage V0 higher than the voltage V1 of the subsequent drive pulse PW is output, and I try to accelerate 3. Accordingly, a sufficiently high reverse induced voltage that reaches the detection level L at the time t22 is obtained, and the detection timing DT can be obtained. Therefore, the time t22 is set to the next cycle.
• the self-excited driving can be performed as a starting point of the driving, and after the appropriate delay time d has elapsed, the driving pulse PW of the normal voltage V1 is output for the fast-forwarding and the fast-forwarding can be continued.
• the processing at the start of the rapid traverse is not limited to this example.
• the detection level L is lowered in consideration of the fact that the back induced voltage at the start of the rapid traverse is low so that the induced voltage at the start of the rapid traverse can be determined. It is also possible.
• the control circuit 25 selects not the self-excited drive mode, but the periodic drive mode in which the drive pulse is supplied periodically, and the self-excited drive after the speed has reached a certain speed. The mode may be shifted to the mode.
• the control circuit 25 supplies a drive pulse P 1 for the immediately preceding normal rotation and a depolarizing pulse PE of the opposite polarity at the start of rapid traverse so that the stage 1 and 2 can be demagnetized and the speed 13 and the speed can be increased. May be performed.
• the control circuit 25 has a function capable of supplying a plurality of drive pulses PW1 to PWn having different effective powers such as pulse widths in a stepwise manner, first the step In ST1, a pulse having the smallest effective power is selected as the drive pulse PW. In Step ST2, the drive pulse is supplied. After that, the position of the mouth 13 is detected in Step ST3. If the mouth 13 is rotating, fast-forwarding is started in step ST4 using the drive pulse of the effective power. On the other hand, if the rotor 13 is not rotating, the drive pulse of the next effective power is generated in step ST5. Select and supply.
• the drive pulse is supplied in order from the side of the drive pulse with the larger effective power, and when the rotor 13 stops rotating, the drive pulse with the minimum effective power that the mouth 13 rotates immediately before is selected. It is also possible to supply it with
• FIG. 8 shows an example of a process when the self-excited drive is terminated, that is, when the drive pulse supplied last or several pulses before it are supplied when the fast-forward drive is terminated.
• fast-forwarding is used for time adjustment and the like, so it is desirable to end fast-forwarding at a predetermined time.
• the control circuit 25 supplies an auxiliary pulse P 2 having a sufficiently large effective power at the end of the rapid traverse and a regenerative pulse Pr for regenerating the reverse induced power of the row 13 at the end of the rapid traverse.
• a driving pulse PW having a large effective power which is decomposed into a plurality of sub-pulses P S, is supplied to reduce the rotation speed of the rotor 13 so that the motor can be stopped smoothly.
• fast-forwarding can be terminated by a combination of the regenerative pulse Pr and the drive pulse PW, and fast-forwarding can be terminated only by the regenerative pulse Pr.
• the control circuit 25 of this example enters the stop mode when the detection timing DT is obtained at the time t31, and includes a plurality of sub-pulses PS at the time t32 after an appropriate delay time d3.
• a comb-shaped driving pulse PW for stopping with a large effective power is supplied.
• this drive pulse low Since the time restricted by the drive pulse becomes longer, the rotation speed of the mouth 13 gradually decreases, and it is possible to create a situation where it is easy to stop.
• the same processing can be performed using a drive pulse having a large pulse width and a large effective power.
• chopper amplification is performed to detect a back electromotive force, and at time t34, a detection timing DT is obtained.
• the drive pulse PW for stopping is supplied after the elapse of the delay time d4 longer than the previous cycle, and the timing when the mouth 13 is swaying and the drive pulse are supplied. The timing is shifted to reduce the rotational energy held by the rotor 13 and reduce the speed of the mouth.
• the drive pulse PW for the next stop is supplied at time t35 when a slightly longer delay time d4 has elapsed, and chopper amplification is started at time t36 when the mask time has elapsed to detect the back induced voltage. I do. Then, when the amplified back electromotive force reaches the detection level L at the time t37 and the detection timing is obtained, the row 13 is finally stopped at the time t38 when the delay time has elapsed. , An auxiliary pulse P 2 is supplied to the power supply, followed by a regeneration pulse Pr at time t 39.
• the auxiliary pulse P2 is a pulse having a very large pulse width and a large effective power, and can surely rotate the mouth 13 to the next stepping angle and can be bound to the stepping angle. Then, by continuously supplying the regenerative pulse Pr, it is possible to regenerate the swaying energy of the row 13 and to make the mouth 13 more stable.
• the mouth 13 can be stopped at almost the predetermined stepping angle, and the normal 1 Hz hand movement is continued. You can start.
• the process for ending the rapid traverse is not limited to this.
• the self-excited drive mode is shifted to the periodic drive mode in which a periodic drive pulse is supplied regardless of the detection timing, and fast forward is performed after rotating the mouth at a stable speed at an appropriate speed. It is possible to stop it.
• the rotational force of the stepping motor is applied to driven devices such as hands to prevent the effect of inertia of the driven device driven by the stepping motor such as a clock hand or wheel train. It is desirable to use a transmission device with low reverse transmission efficiency for the transmission route (wheel train). Techniques of a transmission device having a low reverse transmission efficiency are described in, for example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open Nos. 55-189225 and 55-172725.
• Such a self-excited drive mode can also be used for fast-forward (reverse feed) in the reverse direction.
• the detection circuit 75 sets a second detection timing at which the motor can start turning in the reverse direction based on the back electromotive force, and supplies a drive pulse for starting reverse rotation at that timing. can do.
• the control circuit supplies a reverse rotation auxiliary pulse with a small effective power with the reverse polarity to the first reverse rotation drive pulse to apply a recoil so that the rotor 13 can easily turn in the reverse direction. It is also useful.
• FIGS. 9 and 10 show examples in which the pulse width of the drive pulse PW can be controlled by detecting the back electromotive force.
• the detection timing DT By obtaining the detection timing DT, it is possible to recognize that the rotation timing 13 has reached a predetermined position, so the drive pulse PW is stopped after the detection timing DT is obtained. (Change from high level to low level) By setting the stop time, it is possible to control the mouth 13 more securely.
• Fig. 9 shows the drive pulse PW obtained in this example and the back induction. The relationship with the voltage is shown. In this example, after the drive pulse PW is supplied and the first peak PP1 is detected, the drive pulse PW is stopped. Therefore, the spike S when stopping the drive pulse PW appears after the first peak PP1, so that the influence of the spike S can be prevented.
• FIG. 10 shows an example of the processing in the self-excited drive mode including the stop control of the drive pulse.
• a chopper pulse is output based on the control signal ⁇ 1 at time t52 when an appropriate mask time has elapsed 5 at time t52. Is the level of the back EMF amplified by this chopper pulse a signal? It appears in i k 1.
• the mask time of 5 can be set to an appropriate time that does not catch spike noise or other noise when the drive pulse PW is output.
• the detection timing DT is obtained.
• the drive pulse PW is stopped when the drive pulse PW is stopped.At the time t53, the drive pulse PW is stopped, and at the same time, the next drive pulse PW is output. Enter the cycle to do.
• the stop timing of the drive pulse is determined by the detection timing DT, and the output timing of the next drive pulse is also determined.
• the next drive pulse PW is the output timing and outputs the drive pulse PW.
• the detection timing DT is obtained at time t55 with respect to this drive pulse PW, this is the stop timing, and the drive pulse PW is stopped.
• the next cycle is performed in the same manner.However, if the back-induced voltage amplified for some reason does not reach the detection level L at time t56 when the drive pulse is output, the detection timing Becomes time t 57. Therefore, the evening The timing is extended until time t57, during which the drive pulse PW is continuously output, and a drive pulse PW having a wide pulse width W is output as a result.
• the output timing for outputting the drive pulse PW is set depending on the detection timing DT, and further, the stop timing for stopping the drive pulse PW. Is also set depending on the detection timing DT. For this reason, it is possible to drive both the evening of the drive pulse and the pulse width W with settings suitable for low and evening conditions, and it is possible to reliably rotate the mouth 13 and to cause reverse rotation, etc. It can be prevented from occurring. Therefore, more stable high-speed fast-forwarding becomes possible. In addition, even when the supply voltage fluctuates or the load torque of the rotor fluctuates, a drive pulse of sufficient effective power can be automatically supplied to the stepping motor, taking into account those effects. Thus, fast-forward driving with high stability is possible.
• a detection coil 71 is provided in addition to the drive coil 11; however, it is also possible to use the drive coil 11 to obtain detection timing during supply of a drive pulse. It is.
• Drive pulses with multiple sub-pulses are supplied from 25, and the back-induced power due to the rotation of the mouth 13 can be detected with little or no effect of the drive pulses between the sub-pulses. .
• the drive pulse PW is output at time t58, and the counter-induced voltage is amplified by the tipped pulse from time t59 when the mask time 5 has elapsed. If the detection level L still does not reach the detection level L, the drive pulse is forcibly stopped at time t60 when the maximum pulse width Wmax has elapsed. Then, the next drive pulse PW is output at time t61 when a suitable maximum interval Imax has elapsed from time t58 at which the drive pulse was output. this In this way, the control circuit 25 stops the drive pulse after a certain period of time has elapsed, and the fast-forward can be continued by shifting to the next cycle.
• an appropriate delay time is set from the time of detection of the detection to the stop of the drive pulse, and the pulse width of the drive pulse is forcibly extended to reduce the speed.
• the speed of evening 13 can be gradually reduced.
• the timing device 1 of the present example detects the back electromotive force caused by the movement of the row 13 and timings the first peak (first peak) (detection timing).
• the detection timing is used to control the timing at which the subsequent drive pulse is output.
• the pulse width of the drive pulse itself can be controlled by the detection timing. Therefore, the mouth 13 can be surely rotated, and the drive pulse can be supplied at a timing that matches the rotation speed of the mouth 13. Therefore, stable high-speed fast-forwarding can be performed with low power consumption.
• the waveforms of the drive pulse PW, the chopper pulse, the auxiliary pulse P2, and the like described above are only examples, and can be set according to the characteristics of the stepping motor 10 employed in the timekeeping device.
• the present invention is described using a two-phase stepping motor suitable for a timing device as an example, but the present invention can be similarly applied to a three-phase or more stepping motor. It is. Also, instead of performing control common to each phase, it is also possible to supply a drive pulse with a pulse width and evening suitable for each phase.
• the driving method of the stepping mode is not limited to one-phase excitation, but may be two-phase excitation or one-two-phase excitation.
• the present invention is not limited to timekeeping devices such as wristwatch devices, but also includes multifunction clocks such as chronographs and other stepping watches. It is needless to say that the present invention can be applied to an electronic device having a built-in device. Industrial applicability
• the first peak of the back electromotive force is captured to determine the position of the row and the dead time elapses at a timing suitable for the position of the mouth and the night.
• the next drive pulse can be supplied without the need. Accordingly, it is possible to provide an electronic device suitable for a timekeeping device or the like having a function of performing a fast forward operation of the stepping motor stably at a high speed and automatically adjusting the time using the stepping motor operation.

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• Power Engineering (AREA)
• Control Of Stepping Motors (AREA)
• Electromechanical Clocks (AREA)

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• 1998
  • 1998-08-10 JP JP10226301A patent/JPH11127595A/ja not_active Withdrawn
  • 1998-08-11 DE DE69830465T patent/DE69830465T2/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1998-08-11 US US09/284,384 patent/US6163126A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1998-08-11 JP JP50211199A patent/JP3757421B2/ja not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1998-08-11 WO PCT/JP1998/003570 patent/WO1999008375A1/ja not_active Ceased
  • 1998-08-11 CN CNB98801503XA patent/CN1168196C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 1998-08-11 EP EP98936735A patent/EP0932250B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
• 2001
  • 2001-03-29 JP JP2001097563A patent/JP2001320898A/ja not_active Withdrawn

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