WO1997033018A1 - Fibres a base de fibrilles, leur procede de fabrication, buse de filage utilisee pour ce procede, et moulages obtenus a partir de ces fibres - Google Patents
Fibres a base de fibrilles, leur procede de fabrication, buse de filage utilisee pour ce procede, et moulages obtenus a partir de ces fibres Download PDFInfo
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- WO1997033018A1 WO1997033018A1 PCT/JP1997/000654 JP9700654W WO9733018A1 WO 1997033018 A1 WO1997033018 A1 WO 1997033018A1 JP 9700654 W JP9700654 W JP 9700654W WO 9733018 A1 WO9733018 A1 WO 9733018A1
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- polymer
- fiber
- fibril
- solution
- coagulant
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
- D01D5/00—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
- D01D5/40—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like by applying a shearing force to a dispersion or solution of filament formable polymers, e.g. by stirring
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a discontinuous fibrillated fiber, a surface fibrillated fiber, a fibril-containing split fiber and a fibril fiber comprising a polymer solution obtained by dissolving a polymer having a film forming ability in a solvent. Further, the present invention relates to a method for producing these fibril fibers and a spinning nozzle suitably used for the production. Background art
- Discontinuous fibril fibers such as pulp
- sheet-like materials such as yarns or nonwoven fabrics.
- fibrillated fibers has been proposed to increase the surface area and increase the filtration efficiency.
- Japanese Patent Publication No. 35-111851 discloses that when a polymer solution is discharged into a coagulation bath to precipitate and coagulate the polymer, the polymer is swollen by an appropriate shearing action.
- a method of obtaining a pulp-like material containing fibril fibers by deforming or beating a particle or a fibrous material in a swollen state As a method of performing shearing, it is disclosed that a stirrer having an angle to a rotating surface of a blade or a blade is stirred at a high speed, or a polymer solution and air are simultaneously discharged from a two-fluid nozzle into a coagulation bath. ing.
- the pulp-like material obtained by this method is a fibrous, thin-film, or ribbon-like structure having a large number of tentacle-like projections having a minimum dimension not exceeding 10 microns. Yes, the shape of the fibril-like fiber structure was not sufficiently controlled.
- Methods for producing countless fibril fiber continuous yarns are disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 40-28125 and Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 411-621. The flash spinning method disclosed in US Pat.
- This spinning method extrudes a crystalline polymer solution at a temperature higher than the normal boiling point of the solvent and at a pressure higher than or equal to the autogenous vapor pressure range from a suitably shaped orifice to a lower pressure range.
- the solvent evaporates violently, and many of the extruded polymer are torn, thereby forming continuous fibril fibers.
- this method requires instantaneous evaporation of the solvent, it is necessary to use relatively low-boiling solvents, such as benzene, toluene, cyclohexane, and methylene chloride, and also to use polymers. Since it is necessary to select a polymer that forms a uniform solution under high temperature and high pressure and extrudes the solvent into a non-solvent when extruded to a low pressure range, the resulting fibril-like fiber composition is limited. Will be.
- this method is not necessarily industrially superior, such as the use of a low-boiling solvent and the maintenance of high-temperature, high-pressure conditions.
- the fibers obtained are continuous yarns, a process that is difficult to form discontinuous fibrillated fibers.
- Japanese Patent Publication No. 48-141416 states that a water-dispersed solution obtained by dispersing a large amount of water in a molten polymer is extruded together with additional water into a low-pressure region to obtain fibrillated fibers. The method is shown.
- the molten polymer and solvent A method is disclosed in which continuous fibril fibers obtained by abruptly releasing the pressure of the two-phase liquid mixture are cut by a steam flow to cut the fibers to obtain discontinuous fibril fibers.
- Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 6-2077309 discloses a discontinuous process in which an inert fluid is brought into contact with the flash-spun fiber and the volume flow rates of the inert fluid and the solvent vapor are adjusted appropriately. A method for causing this is shown.
- Japanese Patent Laid-Open Publication No. 51-19490 discloses a solution of a thermoplastic polymer and a solvent at a pressure lower than the critical co-solution pressure and lower than the low-temperature critical co-solution temperature.
- a method has been proposed in which an emulsion formed, and the solution is used as a dispersoid and water is used as a dispersion medium, is sprayed into a low pressure region together with a compressible gas using a two-fluid nozzle.
- Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 61-129192 discloses that aromatic polyamide is dissolved in sulfolane and this solution is subjected to shearing force.
- a method for producing a pulp-like substance which is characterized by dispersing using a high-temperature gas under the conditions of generation.
- use of a two-fluid nozzle and water as a high-temperature gas are proposed.
- the viscosity of the polymer solution can be used in this method is 1 0 5 c P from 1 0 c P, low rather, generic when compared to the viscosity of the polymer solution used for solution spinning of a general fiber It's hard to say which method can be used for Bolimar.
- the obtained substance is also a pulp-like substance and is not suitable for a nonwoven fabric used for a filter or the like.
- Japanese Patent Laid-Open Publication No. 2-234909 proposes a method for producing subdenier fibers from a lyotropic liquid crystal polymer.
- an optically anisotropic polymer solution is extruded into a chamber, and a pressurized gas is introduced in the chamber in the flow direction while being brought into contact with the periphery of the polymer, so that the polymer and the gas are together.
- a pressurized gas is introduced in the chamber in the flow direction while being brought into contact with the periphery of the polymer, so that the polymer and the gas are together.
- this method is premised on polymers that melt by heat, and cannot be applied to polymers having a high melting temperature or polymers that are thermally denatured.
- Japanese Patent Publication No. 52-181829 states that a mixture consisting of two or more thermoplastic resins that are hydrophobic and incompatible with each other or a mixture containing an inorganic or organic substance is heated and melted, and slits are formed.
- a method for facilitating beating fibrillation by adding the same has been proposed.
- thermoplastic resins is a polymer that has a relatively high melting temperature and undergoes heat denaturation, such as cell openings, cellulose acetate, and acrylonitrile-based polymers. Not applicable to polymers with difficult shapes.
- Solution spinning is one of the methods for producing polymer fibrillated fibers that are difficult to melt-shape.
- Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. H3-130411 discloses a method for obtaining a submicron-order fiber of a polymer that requires solution spinning.
- Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. H3-130411 discloses a polymer comprising acrylonitrile of 85% or more. Ultrafine fibers having a diameter of 2 zm or less and an aspect ratio of 100 or more are shown.
- the method described therein is a method of preparing a mixed solution with a polymer having a different solubility, fibrillating the solution by a known spinning method, and eluted one polymer to obtain ultrafine fibers. .
- Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 3-104915 discloses that a stock solution containing 3 to 10% by weight of a polymer having a weight average molecular weight of 300,000 or more containing acrylonitrile as a main component is wet-spun to form a porous material.
- a method has been proposed for producing acrylonitrile-based pulp having fibrils having a diameter of 0.5 m or less by refining the fibers and beaten them.
- the method is not versatile, as it requires special equipment for beating.
- it can be applied to cellulose, but it is difficult to adapt to other useful polymers that do not melt by heat, such as cell-acetate and acrylonitrile polymers. Disclosure of the invention
- An object of the present invention is to provide a fibril-based fiber to be used for a filter or an artificial leather, and to provide an industrially superior method for producing the fibril-based fiber. In other words, it enables production by operation at low temperature and low pressure, and can be applied to a polymer having a relatively high glass transition temperature or a polymer undergoing thermal denaturation, which was impossible with conventional technologies. It is intended to provide a manufacturing method.
- the present invention also provides a spinning nozzle suitable for producing the fibril-based fiber.
- the fibril-based fiber according to the present invention is composed of at least one kind of high-molecular polymer having film forming ability, and has a width of 0.1 it! ⁇ 500 ⁇ , length ⁇ ⁇ !
- Fibril-based fibers characterized by covering most of the surface, or fibrils less than 2 / zm in diameter, and less than 100 tm in diameter, with various thicknesses in a stepless manner, aspect ratio (1 / fibril-based fibers characterized by being composed of split fibers having a d) of not less than 1000, or a diameter obtained by beating these fibers of not more than 2 Aim and an aspect ratio (1 / d) of not less than 1 000 In fibril-based fibers.
- a polymer containing at least one other polymer soluble in the polymer solvent other than the polymer having a film forming ability may be used.
- a polymer containing at least 30% by weight of a cellulose ester may be used, or a polymer other than an acrylonitrile-based polymer which contains at least 10% by weight of an acrylonitrile-based polymer and is soluble in an acrylonitrile-based polymer solvent. May be used.
- a polymer solution obtained by dissolving a polymer having film forming ability in a solvent is extruded into a mixing cell through a spinneret orifice.
- the coagulant fluid of the polymer is jetted into the mixing cell so as to flow in the direction of the discharge line of the polymer solution, and the polymer is coagulated in the mixing cell at a shear flow rate.
- a fibril-based fiber is formed, and the fiber is extruded from a mixing cell together with a solvent and a coagulant fluid.
- the coagulant of the polymer is discharged from the coagulant fluid jet port at an angle of 0 ° or more with respect to the discharge line direction of the spinning solution. Spouting at an angle of less than 0 degrees, coagulating the polymer in a shear flow rate, washing the formed coagulate, that the coagulant fluid is in gas phase, the fibers and solvent formed and coagulation It can be manufactured more efficiently by discharging a mixed fluid of the agent fluid into the coagulant and using steam as the coagulant fluid.
- the spinning dope may be a spinning dope in which a polymer containing at least 30% by weight or more of a cellulose ester is dissolved in tertiary ammine oxide, or at least one kind soluble in a solvent of an acrylonitrile-based polymer.
- a spinning solution comprising two or more different polymer solutions in which a polymer and an acrylonitrile polymer are dissolved can be used.
- the spinning nozzle for producing the fibril-based fiber includes a polymer supply port through which a polymer solution is supplied, a polymer flow path that controls the direction in which the polymer solution is discharged, and a polymer discharge port through which the polymer solution is discharged.
- a polymer discharge section having an outlet, a coagulant supply port to which a coagulant fluid is supplied, a coagulant flow path for controlling the jetting angle of the coagulant fluid, and a coagulant jet port from which the coagulant fluid is jetted.
- a spinning nozzle for producing fibers comprising a coagulating agent jetting section having a mixing cell section at a confluence of the polymer discharge port and the coagulating agent jetting port; It has a length of at least 0.3 mm or more downstream from the intersection of the center line of the polymer flow path and the center line of the coagulant flow path.
- the mixing cell section has a length of at least 10 mm or more downstream from an intersection of a center line of the polymer flow path and a center line of the coagulant flow path.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing a side surface of the surface fibrillated fiber of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing a cross section of the surface fibrillated fiber of the present invention in a direction perpendicular to the fiber axis.
- FIG. 3 is a sectional view of a spinning nozzle according to the present invention.
- FIG. 4 is a sectional view of a spinning nozzle according to another embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of a conventional nozzle used in a comparative example.
- FIG. 6 is a sectional view showing an example of a conventional two-fluid nozzle.
- FIG. 7 is an electron micrograph ( ⁇ 200) of the discontinuous fibrillated fiber obtained in Example 1.
- FIG. 8 is an electron micrograph ( ⁇ 200) of the discontinuous fibrillated fiber obtained in Example 2-1.
- FIG. 9 is an electron micrograph ( ⁇ 200) of the discontinuous fibrillated fiber obtained in Example 2-2.
- FIG. 10 is an electron micrograph ( ⁇ 200) of the discontinuous fibrillated fiber obtained in Example 3.
- FIG. 11 is an electron micrograph ( ⁇ 200) of the discontinuous fibrillated fiber obtained in Example 41-11.
- FIG. 12 is an electron micrograph ( ⁇ 200) of the discontinuous fibrillated fiber obtained in Example 4-2.
- FIG. 13 is an electron micrograph of the discontinuous fibrillated fiber obtained in Example 43. True (200 times).
- FIG. 14 is an electron micrograph ( ⁇ 200) of the discontinuous fibrillated fiber obtained in Example 4-4.
- FIG. 15 is an electron micrograph ( ⁇ 200) of the discontinuous fibrillated fiber obtained in Example 4-15.
- FIG. 16 is an electron micrograph ( ⁇ 200) of the discontinuous fibrillated fiber obtained in Example 5.
- FIG. 17 is an electron micrograph ( ⁇ 200) of the discontinuous fibrillated fiber obtained in Example 6.
- FIG. 18 is an electron micrograph ( ⁇ 2000) of the discontinuous fibrillated fiber obtained in Example 27.
- FIG. 19 is an electron micrograph ( ⁇ 500) of the discontinuous fibrillated fiber obtained in Example 27.
- FIG. 20 is an electron micrograph ( ⁇ 100) showing another example of the form of the discontinuous fibrillated fiber obtained in Example 27.
- FIG. 21 is a Kameko micrograph ( ⁇ 100) showing another example of the form of the discontinuous fibrillated fiber obtained in Example 27.
- FIG. 22 is an electron micrograph (3500 times) of the discontinuous fibrillated fiber obtained in Example 28.
- FIG. 23 is an electron micrograph ( ⁇ 1000) of the discontinuous fibrillated fiber obtained in Example 36.
- FIG. 24 is an electron micrograph ( ⁇ 100) of the discontinuous fibrillated fiber obtained in Example 40.
- FIG. 25 is an electron micrograph (magnification: 2000) showing another example of the form of the discontinuous fibrillated fiber obtained in Example 40.
- FIG. 26 is an electron micrograph ( ⁇ 1000) of the discontinuous fibrillated fiber obtained in Example 41.
- FIG. 27 is an electron micrograph ( ⁇ 500) of the discontinuous fibrillated fiber obtained in Example 42.
- FIG. 28 is an electron micrograph ( ⁇ 2000) showing another example of the form of the discontinuous fibrillated fibers obtained in Example 47.
- FIG. 29 is an electron micrograph ( ⁇ 200) of the fiber obtained in Comparative Example 1.
- FIG. 30 is a cross-sectional view of the polymer solution discharge port 2 d of the nozzle used in Examples 17 and 40.
- FIG. 31 is a cross-sectional view of a polymer solution discharge port 2 d of a nozzle used in Example 18.
- FIG. 32 is a cross-sectional view of a polymer solution discharge port 2 d of a nozzle used in Example 19; BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
- the fibril-based fibers referred to in the present invention are classified into “discontinuous fibrillated fibers”, “surface fibrillated fibers”, and “fibril-containing split fibers” depending on the form.
- discontinuous fibrillated fiber refers to an infinite number of fine particles having a thickness of the order of submicrons (about 0.01 ⁇ m) to microns (several microns) for forming a three-dimensional network.
- the fiber (fibril B) means a fiber having a structure branched from the main fiber A and an aggregate thereof.
- the length of the main fiber A ranges from several microns (about 1 micron) to several centimeters (about 10 centimeters).
- the “surface fibrillated fiber” of the present invention is composed of the main fiber A and the fibril B, like the discontinuous fibril fiber. As shown in FIG. 1, fibrils B ′ branched from the fiber surface of the main fiber A and / or fibrils B ′′ completely separated from the surface of the main fiber A cover the fiber surface of the main fiber A. Further, as shown in Fig. 1, the surface fibrillated fiber of the present invention has an end portion of the main fiber A, And / or the central part may be divided into fibrils.
- the meaning that the fibrils B having a diameter of 2 m or less cover the surface of the main fiber along the fiber axis direction of the main fiber A means, as shown in FIG. In this section, the cross section of fibril B can be seen outside the main fiber surface.
- the observed ratio of the cross section of the fibril in any cross section in the direction perpendicular to the main fiber axis is 90% or more.
- the main fiber A has a diameter of 1 m to 100 m
- the fibril B preferably has a diameter of 0.1 Atn! It has a diameter of ⁇ 2 zm, and is covered with fibrils B so that the fiber surface of the main fiber A is laminated linearly or curvedly along the fiber axis.
- Most of fibril B has a branched structure.
- the surface fibrillated fiber having such a structure When the surface fibrillated fiber having such a structure is formed into a nonwoven fabric or the like, the branched fibers of 2 m or less become entangled with each other, not only giving the nonwoven fabric a mechanical strength but also increasing the specific surface area and providing high adsorption characteristics. Can be given. Also, the surface fibrillated fiber can be used as a yarn having a unique “slimy” feeling by cutting it to a predetermined length and spinning as necessary.
- the surface fibrillated fiber can be used as a precursor fiber of the fibril-containing split fiber. That is, the precursor fiber of the surface fibrillated fiber can have various fiber diameters in a stepless manner by a mechanical load such as a coagulation step or by beating treatment.
- the fibril-containing split fiber is characterized by being composed of Here, 1 indicates the fiber length, and d indicates the apparent diameter of the fiber.
- the fibril-containing split fiber of the present invention refers to a fiber obtained by splitting surface fibrillated fibers into split fibers, and the split fibers themselves have a diameter of 2 / zm or less, and the split fibers themselves are separated. Also includes those in fibrillated form. Therefore, the split fibers themselves become fibrils, When forming an aggregate integrated with the fibril, the diameter of the fiber is preferably 2 m or less, and more preferably, the diameter of both the fibril and the fiber is 1 m or less.
- the degree of beating can be arbitrarily controlled, and the precursor fibers and the beaten fibers may be mixed, and the mixing ratio is not limited.
- the fiber By beating the precursor fiber, the fiber is further branched, with one part in the axial direction of the fiber being completely divided into fibrillated fibers with a diameter of 2 m, and the other part being partly divided.
- the other part is fibers having various diameters in a continuous step having the fiber diameter before being beaten.
- These fibers form an aggregate of fibers, some of which are continuously connected and others of which are discontinuous.
- Such a fibrous structure can give a more suitable shape as a fibrous base material provided for a nonwoven fabric or the like.
- fibrils having a diameter of 2 ⁇ m or less (preferably l ⁇ m or less) and a diameter of 5 ⁇ m or less (preferably 2m or less) are continuously obtained.
- An aggregate of fibril-containing split fibers having a thickness and an aspect ratio (1 / d) of 100 or more is formed.
- all fibers are split to the same diameter as fibrils, mostly fibril-shaped fibers with a diameter of 2 / m or less.
- the beating conditions can be changed according to the end use, and a fiber of a desired form can be obtained.
- a structure in which some of the fibers are fibrillated to give appropriate strength to the sheet, and when used for artificial leather, a unique animal hair is used. It is desirable to use fibers made of approximately 100% fibrils in order to give a good texture.
- the form of fibrils suitable for tobacco filter applications must have both a specific surface area sufficient to adsorb and filter nicotine and tar components, and a form suitable for adding to tobacco filters. is there. Therefore, from the viewpoint of taste, the fibril-based fiber of the present invention using cellulose acetate can be used as a polymer for a tobacco filter, and its specific surface area depends on the form used for the tobacco filter and other materials. Although it is not limited because it is used in combination with, it is sufficient that it has about 2 m 2 / g or more, more preferably 5 m 2 / g or more. If the specific surface area is less than 2 m 2 / g, it will not exhibit sufficient performance to adsorb / filter nicotine and tar components.
- the method of processing the fibril-based fibers made of cellulose acetate into tobacco fills can achieve its purpose by a combination of known techniques. For example, after processing into a sheet-like material such as paper and non-woven fabric, it can be processed into a cigarette filter by a rag winding machine.
- the cellulose acetate fibrillated fiber can be dispersed in cellulose acetate tow, and processed into a puco filter by a plug winding machine.
- the fiber length of the fibril-like fiber is such that the pass through 150 mesh in a sieving test (Japanese Industrial Standards (JIS) P-8207) is 10% by weight or less.
- the freeness according to Canadian Freeness Test JIS P-8121
- JIS P-8121 Canadian Freeness Test
- JIS P-8121 Canadian Freeness Test
- a fibril-based fiber composed of cellulose acetate satisfying these requirements has a width of 0.1> tm to 30 m and a length of 10! ! It is preferable that the ratio of the fibril-like or film-like material having a length of at least 100 is at least 5% by weight.
- the polymer having film-forming ability that can be used in the present invention is not particularly limited as long as the polymer solution can be prepared using an appropriate solvent.
- the state of the polymer solution includes a two-phase separation solution, a liquid crystal solution, a gel-like solution, and the like, and represents a solution in a broad sense.
- Such polymers include homopolymers or copolymers of cellulose, cellulose ester, polyacryl nitrile, polyolefin, polyvinyl chloride, polyurethane, polyester and the like.
- polymer polymers with relatively high glass transition temperatures, polymer polymers that are susceptible to thermal denaturation, cellulose, cellulose acetate, polyacrylonitrile, polyvinyl chloride, etc. can be used more advantageously than conventional methods. .
- the solvent that can be used is not particularly limited, and can be used from low-boiling solvents to high-boiling solvents. In particular, those that are compatible with water are superior in effectively performing washing after fiber formation.
- Cellulose material used in the present invention is It can be selected from lube and pulp floc. These pulp may contain hemicellulose perlignin and the like. Among these, it is preferable to use pulp having an a-cellulose content of 90% by weight or more.
- the shape of the pulp used as the cellulosic material may be any of sheet and powder.
- the sheet-like material may be made into a chip-like shape with a cutting machine such as a shredder. Also, as long as the molecular weight of cellulose does not significantly decrease, the knrub may be ground into particles.
- the solvent used in the present invention is N-methylmorpholine-N-oxide and this N-methylmorpholine-N-oxide mixed uniformly.
- a solvent in which cellulose is insoluble and insoluble in cellulose hereinafter referred to as non-solvent.
- water is preferably used as the non-solvent.
- solvent for cellulose a mixture of the nitro Zhen di O dimethylsulfoxide (N 2 0 4) Z dimethylformamide mixed solvent of Ami de (DMF), paraformaldehyde ((CH 2 0) x) Z dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO)
- Solvents such as a mixed solvent of lithium chloride (LiC1) / dimethylacetamide (DMAC) can also be used.
- N-Methylmorpholine-N-oxide in the mixed solvent is used as a solvent for dissolving cellulose.
- N-methylmorpholin-N-oxide (Or the corresponding tertiary amoxides described in U.S. Pat.Nos. 4,211,574, 4,429,913, and 4,144,080) can be used in combination with N-methylmorpholin-N-oxide It is.
- a cyclic mono (N-methylamine-N-oxide) compound similar to N-methylmorpholin-N-oxide is particularly preferable as another tertiary amoxide which can be used in combination.
- N-methylbiperidine-N —N-methyl oxide and N-methyl bilolidon for example, N-methylbiperidine-N —N-methyl oxide and N-methyl bilolidon.
- a preferred example of the non-solvent for cellulose used in the present invention is water, but a mixed solvent of water and an alcohol such as methanol, n-propanol, isopropanol, and butanol may be used. Also, any nonprotonic organic solvent which does not chemically react with N-methylmorpholin-N-oxide or cellulose, for example, toluene, xylene, dimethylsulfoxide, dimethylformamide, dimethylacetate Amides and the like can be used as the cellulose non-solvent.
- a stabilizer can be added to the mixed solvent.
- the most preferred as such a stabilizer is provyl gallate, which is disclosed in Japanese Patent Publication No. 3-29891 (or the corresponding US Patent No. 4,426,228).
- Other gallic esters described, for example, methyl gallate, ethyl ethyl gallate, isopropyl gallate, etc. may be used.
- compounds having a compound structure in which a carbonyl group and a double bond are adjacent to each other such as glyceraldehyde, L-ascorbic acid, isoascorbic acid, tris-rexactone, and reductic acid, can be used as a stabilizer.
- ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid and the like can also be used as a stabilizer for the cellulose molding solution of the present invention.
- inorganic compound calcium bilophosphate, calcium chloride described in US Pat. No. 4,880,469, ammonium chloride and the like can also be used as a stabilizer for the cellulose molding solution of the present invention.
- the cellulose polymer solution can be prepared by either a continuous method or a batch method. That is, it may be continuously dissolved and prepared by using a screw extruder or the like, or may be prepared and dissolved by a tank-type kneader provided with a heating means and a vacuum degassing means.
- the dissolution temperature of the cellulose composition is not particularly limited, but is 90 to 120. It is preferable to carry out in the range of about C. If the dissolution temperature is too high, the degree of polymerization may be reduced due to the decomposition of cellulose, and the decomposition and coloring of the solvent may be remarkable. If the dissolution temperature is too low, the dissolution may be difficult.
- the total concentration of the cellulose composition in the cellulose polymer solution of the present invention is 30% by weight.
- the cellulose composition concentration is preferably in the range of 6 to 25% by weight.
- the content of N-methylmorpholin-N-oxide in the mixed solvent used for the cellulose molding solution and the content of the non-solvent of cellulose and the solvent that can be mixed with N-methylmorpholin-N-oxide are as follows: They are preferably 48 to 90% by weight, and 5 to 22% by weight.
- the ratio of water is set as large as 20 to 50% by weight at the stage of charging the cellulose composition into the mixed solvent, and then the water is heated under reduced pressure. And it is preferable to adjust the ratio of water to 5 to 22% by weight.
- the cellulose acetate used in the present invention may be cellulose triacetate having an acetylation degree of 56.2% to 62.5%, or may be cellulose acetate having an acetylation degree of 48.8% to 56.2%. .
- a solvent for cellulose acetate a single solvent such as methylene chloride or acetone, a mixed solvent such as methylene chloride and methanol, or tertiary amine oxide as the cellulose solvent is used.
- a cellulose acetate as a raw material for spinning, after performing an acetylation reaction by a solvent method using a cellulose as a raw material and obtaining a cellulose acetate solution, without substantially removing the solvent and drying.
- the cellulose acetate solution to be used is not particularly limited as long as it can be used when performing an acetylation reaction by a solvent method using cellulose as a raw material, but preferably, an aqueous acetic acid solution in which cellulose acetate is dissolved. It is.
- Known diluents such as acetic acid and methylene chloride are mainly used as a diluent in the production process of acetylating cellulose.
- a solution in which a precipitant is added to the extent that precipitation of cellulose acetate does not occur can also be used.
- Water is usually used as a precipitant in this case, but alcohol such as methanol or a mixture of alcohol and water may be used. good.
- the cellulose acetate solution of the present invention neutralizes the residual acid catalyst used when acetylating cellulose because the molecular weight is reduced and the degree of acetylation of the obtained cellulose acetate does not change temporally. It is preferable to use a solution to which a neutralizing agent has been added. It can be achieved by using a known agent such as magnesium acetate as the neutralizing agent.
- low-grade wood pulp having a cellulose content of 95% or less can be used in addition to the high-grade pulp having ⁇ -cellulose content of 95% or more, which is usually used.
- Non-wood pulp having a cellulose content of 90% or less can also be used as a raw material for cellulose acetylation.
- the cellulose content is too low, unacetylated fibrous substances and gel-like substances increase, and when the cellulose acetate solution is discharged from the spinning solution discharge port as a spinning solution, the nozzle may be blocked. It is desirable that each pulp has an ⁇ -cellulose content of 80% or more because of easy occurrence.
- Tertiary amine oxide is effective for obtaining the surface fibrillated fiber or the fibril-containing split fiber or the fibril-containing split fiber which is mostly fibril-like in the present invention, or is soluble in a cellulose acetate solvent. It is also useful to use a mixed solution of two or more different kinds in which at least one kind of polymer other than the possible cellulose acetate is mixed. Examples of these other polymers include cellulose, polyacrylonitrile-based polymer, vinyl chloride, polyester-based polymer, and polysulfone.However, in order to maintain the properties of cellulose ester as a natural material, cellulose is preferred. In addition, natural polymers such as cellulose derivatives and the like, or polymers having a film-forming ability such as acrylonitrile-based polymers are preferable in order not to impair the feeling as a fiber material.
- cellulose and cellulose acetate artificial leather with a natural texture, cigarette filters with excellent adsorption of nicotine and tar, or non-woven fabrics for filters with excellent adsorption performance with biodegradation function are used. It can be a base fiber.
- a combination of polyacrylonitrile and cellulose acetate is used as a material for artificial leather having hygroscopicity and excellent color development, and as a base fiber for a nonwoven fabric having a soft texture.
- a polymer solution of cellulose acetate flakes of cellulose triacetate or cellulose diacetate are dissolved in a single solvent such as methylene chloride, acetone or dimethyl acetate or a mixed solvent such as methylene chloride and methanol.
- a spinning dope is prepared with a concentration of 15 to 30% by weight, preferably 18 to 27% by weight.
- a tertiary amine oxide it can be prepared by a method for preparing the cellulose solution.
- the acrylonitrile-based polymer is not particularly limited as long as it is a polymer constituting ordinary acrylic fibers. Those containing 50% by weight or more of acrylonitrile are preferably used.
- the copolymer component of acrylonitrile is not particularly limited as long as it is a copolymer monomer constituting a normal acryl fiber, and examples thereof include the following monomers.
- Acid esters methyl methacrylate, ethyl methacrylate, isopropyl methacrylate, n-butyl methacrylate, isobutyl methacrylate, t-butyl methacrylate, n-hexyl methacrylate, cyclohexyl acrylate, acrylic Methacrylic esters such as lauryl acrylate, 2-hydroxyethyl methyl methacrylate, hydroxypropyl methyacrylate, and getylaminoethylethyl methacrylate, acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, maleic acid, itacone Acid, Acrylamide, N— Methylol acrylamide, diacetone acrylamide, styrene, vinyltoluene, vinyl acetate, vinyl chloride, vinylidene chloride, Unsaturated monomers such as vinylidene bromide, vinyl fluoride, and vinylidene fluoride.
- p-sulfophenyl methallyl ether, methallyl sulfonic acid, aryl sulfonic acid, styrene sulfonic acid, 2-acrylamide 2-methyl propane sulfonic acid, and metal salts thereof And the like may be copolymerized.
- the molecular weight of the acryl-nitrile polymer used in the present invention is not particularly limited, but is desirably 100,000 or more and 100,000 or less. If the molecular weight is less than 100,000, the spinnability tends to decrease and the yarn quality of the raw yarn tends to deteriorate. If the molecular weight exceeds 100,000, the concentration of the polymer that gives the optimum viscosity of the spinning dope becomes low, and the productivity tends to decrease.
- a polymer other than an acrylonitrile-based polymer that can be dissolved in a solvent that dissolves the acrylonitrile-based polymer is used in combination with the acrylonitrile-based polymer to produce the surface fibrilated fiber according to the present invention.
- the fibril-containing split fiber and the fibril-containing split fiber almost in a fibril state can be produced.
- polyether sulfone examples include polyether sulfone, polyallyl sulfone, polyimide, cellulose, cellulose acetate, other cellulose derivatives, vinyl chloride, polyester polymers, polysulfone, etc. Cellulose and cellulose acetate are preferred in order not to impair the properties.
- polyethersulfone, polyallylsulfone, polyimide, and polyvinylidene fluoride are effectively used for industrial applications that require heat resistance and chemical resistance.
- the mixing ratio of the polymers differs depending on the polymers to be mixed.
- the mixing ratio of polyacrylonitrile-based polymer / polyethersulfone is 60 Z40 to 5/95% by weight. And preferably 50/50 to 10/90% by weight.
- Examples of the solvent for the acrylonitrile polymer include, but are not particularly limited to, organic solvents such as dimethylformamide, dimethylacetamide, and dimethylsulfoxide, and rhodane salts, concentrated nitric acid, and aqueous zinc chloride.
- the acrylonitrile-based polymer solution is easily prepared by dissolving it in a solvent by a method generally used for fibers.
- Polyester can also be used as the polymer having film forming ability of the present invention.
- a polyester having ethylene terephthalate as a main repeating unit is preferably used.
- This polyester is typically a polyester having terephthalic acid or an ester-forming derivative thereof as a dicarboxylic acid component and ethylene glycol or an ester-forming derivative thereof as a glycol component. May be replaced by another dicarboxylic acid component, or a part of the glycol component may be replaced by another glycol component.
- dicarboxylic acid components include isophthalic acid, mono-alkali metal salts of 5-sulfoisophthalic acid, naphthylene dicarboxylic acid, diphenyl dicarboxylic acid, diphenyl sulfone dicarboxylic acid, adibic acid, sebacic acid, 1, 4- Examples thereof include dicarboxylic acids such as cyclohexanedicarponic acid or esters thereof, and oxycarboxylic acids such as p-oxybenzoic acid and ⁇ -?-Ethoxyethoxybenzoic acid or esters thereof.
- glycol components include 1,4-butanediol, alkylene glycols having 2 to 10 carbon atoms, 1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol, neopentyl glycol, 1,4-bis (? Oxyethoxy) Benzene, bisglycol ether of bisphenol A, polyalkylene glycol and the like.
- polycarboxylic acids such as trimellitic acid and vilomeritic acid
- polyols such as pentaerythritol, trimethylolpropane and glycerin
- monohydric polyalkylene oxides such as phenylacetic acid.
- Such a polyester may be synthesized by any known method.
- terephthalic acid is directly esterified with ethylene glycol, or a lower alkyl ester of terephthalic acid such as dimethyl terephthalate is transesterified with ethylene glycol.
- an ethylene oxide is added to terephthalic acid to synthesize a glycol ester of terephthalic acid and Z or a low polycondensate thereof, and then the polycondensation of the product is carried out by a conventional method.
- the method is general.
- the solvent may be a single solvent such as m-crel phenol, trifluoroacetic acid, or 0-chlorophenol, or a mixture of trichlorophenol and phenol, or a mixture of tetrachloroethane and phenol. Solvents.
- the high molecular polymer having film forming ability other than the above, polyolefin polymers such as polyethylene, polypropylene and copolymers thereof, polyvinyl chloride, polyvinyl fluoride and copolymers thereof And the like.
- the solvent include aliphatic hydrocarbons such as pentane, hexane, heptane and octane, alicyclic hydrocarbons such as cyclohexane, aromatic hydrocarbons such as benzene and toluene, and chlorination such as methylene chloride. Solvents, alcohols, ketones, ethers, esters, and mixed solvents thereof can be used.
- the fibril-based fiber of the present invention is obtained by extruding a polymer solution obtained by dissolving a polymer having film forming ability in a solvent into a mixing cell through a spinneret orifice, The coalesced coagulant fluid is jetted into the mixing cell so as to flow in the direction of the discharge line of the polymer solution, and the high-molecular polymer is coagulated in the mixing cell at a shear flow rate to form discontinuous fibrillated fibers. Formed by extruding the fibrillated fibers together with a solvent and a coagulant fluid from a mixing cell.
- the coagulant of the polymer is discharged from the coagulant fluid jet port by 0 ° or more with respect to the discharge line direction of the spinning stock solution. Spouting at an angle of less than 90 degrees, coagulating the polymer in a shear flow rate, washing the formed coagulate, using a coagulant fluid in the gas phase, more preferably using steam That is, the fibers can be obtained more effectively by discharging a mixed fluid of a polymer, a solvent, and a coagulant fluid into the coagulant.
- the angle between the direction of the ejection line of the coagulant fluid and the direction of the discharge line of the spinning solution is not less than 0 degree and 90 degrees. It needs to be set to be less than.
- the angle between the direction of the ejection line of the coagulant fluid and the direction of the ejection line of the spinning stock solution is in the above range, the formed mixture of the coagulated body, the solvent and the coagulant can be promptly discharged from the outlet of the mixing cell. It becomes possible.
- the preferred angle should be set in the range of 20 to 80 degrees, more preferably 30 to 70 degrees.
- the spinning solution ejected into the mixing cell and the coagulant fluid ejected into the mixing cell are sufficiently mixed, and a mixed solution of the spinning solution and the coagulant fluid is immediately mixed. Is a shear flow, and the polymer is coagulated, so that the discontinuous fibrillated fiber or the surface fibrillated fiber of the present invention can be obtained.
- the fiber of the present invention can be obtained by mixing other polymers or selecting an appropriate solvent.
- the temperature exceeds 90 degrees, the spinning solution and the coagulant fluid are sufficiently mixed, but the coagulated polymer tends to clog the spinning solution discharge port and the coagulating agent jet port.
- the spinning stock solution and the coagulant fluid need to be discharged and spouted so as to be sufficiently mixed, and as described above, it is necessary to adjust the angle between the spinning stock solution ejection line direction and the coagulant fluid ejection line direction. Also, it is preferable that the discharge port of the spinning stock solution and the ejection port of the coagulant fluid are designed as nozzles that can contact both solutions.
- the coagulating agent fluid it is preferable to discharge the coagulating agent fluid and eject the coagulating agent fluid to the mixing cell section provided at the junction of the spinning stock solution discharge port and the coagulating agent fluid outlet.
- the spinning solution discharged into the mixing cell is mixed with the coagulant fluid in the mixing cell and coagulated by the coagulant.
- the mixing cell referred to in the present invention means a place where the polymer is solidified and sheared by mixing the spinning stock solution and the coagulant fluid.
- the mixing cell is located downward from the position where the spinning stock solution and the coagulant fluid contact. It is a gap provided with a certain length.
- coagulation refers to the replacement of a coagulant with a minimum solvent that forms surface fibrillated fibers from a polymer solution, and the coagulated fibers include a gel state containing a solvent. It is a thing.
- the coagulated polymer further coagulates under a shear flow rate in the mixed cell, and the fibril has a branched discontinuous fibrillated fiber having a diameter of 2 m or less.
- the fibers form surface fibrillated fibers having a fiber surface and form an aggregate of fibers swollen with a coagulant or a solvent.
- the mixed fluid of the formed coagulated material, the solvent and the coagulant fluid is discharged out of the nozzle system.
- Gas phase or liquid phase can be appropriately selected.
- the discharged coagulated material is often swollen by the solvent, and when directly laminated, the formed coagulated material may be fused and impair the quality of the obtained fiber. For this reason, it is preferable to discharge in the liquid phase, more preferably in the mixture of the polymer solvent and the coagulant,
- the discontinuous fibrillated fiber or the surface fibrillated fiber referred to in the present invention can be produced with superiority in completing the coagulation of the swollen fiber and efficiently performing post-treatment such as washing.
- the surface fibrillated fiber of the present invention can be obtained without a mixing cell.
- a polymer other than the cellulose ester that can be dissolved in a solvent in which the cellulose ester is dissolved, in combination with the cellulose ester.
- a combination of a cellulose ester and another polymer it is necessary to select a combination having different coagulability for the coagulant. The reason for this is not clear, but when the spinning solution discharged from the nozzle port is coagulated in the mixing cell under the shearing of the coagulant fluid, fibrils are generated due to the difference in coagulation speed of each polymer. It is presumed to make it easier.
- Such combinations preferably acetic acid content 5 8% or less of cellulose diacetate and cellulose, as a solvent in this case, tertiary Aminokishido, nitro Gen di O dimethylsulfoxide (N 2 0 4) / dimethylformamidine de
- a mixed solvent of (DMF), a mixed solvent of lithium chloride (LiC1) / dimethylacetamide (DMAC), and the like can be used.
- a coagulant steam can be used.
- a polyacrylonitrile-based polymer as a combination to form a combination of a cellulose acetate and a polyacrylonitrile-based polymer.
- examples of the solvent include dimethylformamide and dimethylacetamide. Can be used.
- the precursor fiber of the surface fibrillated fiber thus obtained can be made ultrafine by beating.
- a method of beating is to use a device such as a mixer or a vis-a-vis mixer generally used for a solution dispersed in water to obtain an aggregate of fibers in which the ratio of the precursor fiber to the fibril-containing split fiber is changed. It can. It is also possible to add a thickener or an antifoaming agent depending on the post-process of shaping into a sheet. Also, make sure that the precursor fiber has the appropriate length. After cutting into pieces, it is also possible to prepare an aqueous dispersion, form the sheet once by a known method, and then beat it with a water stream or air stream.
- a spinning nozzle for producing the fibril-based fiber of the present invention a polymer supply port to which a polymer solution is supplied, a polymer channel for controlling a discharge direction of the polymer solution, and a polymer solution
- a spinning nozzle having a length of at least 0.3 mm or more downstream from the intersection of the center line of the polymer flow path and the center line of the coagulant flow path is preferably used.
- the mixing cell section has a spinning length of at least 10 mm or more downstream from an intersection of a center line of the polymer flow path and a center line of the coagulant flow path.
- An angle ⁇ between the center line of the coagulation flow path and the center line of the coagulation flow channel may be 0 ° or more and less than 90 ° with respect to the discharge direction of the polymer, and a spinning nozzle may be used. It can be appropriately selected depending on the type and the form of the obtained fibril-based fiber.
- FIG. 3 shows a schematic view of a spinning nozzle 1 which is a typical embodiment of the present invention.
- the spinning nozzle 1 of the present invention includes a polymer solution discharge unit 2, a coagulant fluid ejection unit 3, and a mixing cell unit 4 where the polymer solution and the coagulant fluid merge.
- the mixing cell section 4 is arranged on the straight line along the downstream direction of the section 2.
- the polymer discharge section 2 has a supply chamber 2b connected to a supply port 2a for the polymer solution, and a polymer flow path 2c for controlling the discharge direction of the polymer solution.
- the supply chamber 2b has a cylindrical shape extending in the vertical direction, and the lower end thereof is gradually narrowed down and is linearly connected to the polymer flow path 2c in the form of a cable.
- Supply port 2a and supply chamber 2b are polymerized It can be appropriately set according to the polymer and solvent used in the body solution, the viscosity of the polymer solution, or the discharge amount.
- the capillary-shaped polymer flow path 2c communicates with the upper wall surface of the mixing cell section 4 to form a discharge port 2d for the polymer solution.
- the polymer flow path 2c is set to such a length that the polymer solution is not skewed when the polymer solution is discharged from the polymer discharge port 2d and merges with the coagulant fluid. This can be easily achieved by the structure used for the shape of the spinning nozzle used when spinning the fiber.
- the polymer flow path 2c from the upper wall of the mixing cell section 4 to form the polymer discharge port 2d in the middle of the mixing cell section 4.
- a tapered throttle section downstream of the polymer flow path 2c in order to control the discharge direction of the polymer solution, and further form a taper-like downstream section of the throttle section.
- the shape of the polymer channel 2c can be appropriately selected according to the polymer solution.
- the size of the polymer discharge port 2d can be appropriately selected according to the viscosity and discharge amount of the polymer solution, but is approximately several tens / mm to several tens of mm, which is generally the diameter of a nozzle used for spinning the polymer solution. A range of mm is preferred.
- the coagulant ejection section 3 has a supply chamber 3b in which a coagulant fluid supply port 3a is formed, and a coagulant flow path 3c that controls the direction of discharge of the coagulant fluid.
- 3c communicates with the upper wall surface of the mixing cell section 4 to form a circular opening surrounding the polymer discharge port 2d, and the opening forms a coagulant fluid outlet 3d. It is also possible to form the coagulant channel 3 c so as to communicate with the side wall surface of the mixing cell section 4.
- the coagulant channel 3c is formed such that the angle 0 between the center line thereof and the center line of the polymer channel 2c is in the range of 0 ° ⁇ 0 ⁇ 90 ° in the discharge direction of the polymer solution.
- the angle ⁇ is 0 °, that is, when the jetting direction of the coagulant fluid and the discharging direction of the polymer solution are the same, the formed fiber becomes film-like and the branched fibrillated fiber becomes extremely And it is not possible to obtain highly fibrillated fibers.
- the temperature is 90 ° or more, the mixed fluid of the generated discontinuous fibrillated fibers, the solvent, and the coagulant can be smoothly discharged from the mixing cell section 4.
- the angle ⁇ is set to 20. ⁇ 80 °, preferably 30 °.
- the coagulant channel 3c is set so as to be in a range of about 70 °.
- the coagulant flow path 3c is arranged such that the polymer discharge port 2d is disposed upstream of the intersection P of the center line of the coagulant flow path 3c and the center line of the polymer flow path 2c. It is formed.
- the distance L between the intersection P and the polymer discharge port 2 d is preferably 0 mm ⁇ L ⁇ 10 mm.
- the polymer discharge port 2d and the coagulant ejection port 3d are preferably as close as possible within the range of restriction on nozzle fabrication in order to improve the degree of fibrillation.
- the coagulant channel 3c is formed in a circular slit shape surrounding the polymer discharge port 2d, the coagulant fluid is uniformly sprayed onto the surface of the polymer solution discharged from the polymer discharge port 2d. It is preferable because it can be done.
- the opening degree of the slit is not particularly limited, but can be set within a range of about several tens mm.
- the ejection amount of the coagulant fluid is preferably set according to the ejection amount of the polymer solution so that a desired form of discontinuous fibrillated fibers can be obtained.
- it is preferable that the coagulant fluid is ejected in the air root state. At this time, it is easier to control the pressure than to control the discharge amount of the coagulant fluid by the opening degree of the slit.
- a coagulant fluid jet is provided at the center of the polymer solution. It is also possible.
- the mixing cell part 4 has a polymer discharge port 2 d and a coagulant ejection port 3 d on the upper wall, and has a cylindrical shape in which the lower part is opened to form a discharge port 4 a, and the diameter is l mm 0 Therefore, it is set to 6 mm 0 or less.
- the mixing cell section 4 needs to have a length of at least 0.3 mm or more downstream from the intersection P between the center line of the polymer flow path 2c and the center line of the coagulant flow path 3c. It can be set appropriately according to the discharge amount of the coalescing solution, the ejection amount of the coagulant fluid, or the desired form of fibrillated fibers.
- the length of the mixing cell section 4 is such that the time required for the polymer solution to coagulate into a fiber form can be ensured, and the length required for forming the polymer-branched fibrillated fibers by shearing.
- the length is preferably 1 mm or more downstream from the intersection P, more preferably 10 mm or more, and even more preferably 30 mm or more.
- the average denier of the obtained fiber is reduced, and the ratio of the branched fibrillated fiber is also increased, so that a suitable form as a fiber substrate used for a nonwoven fabric used for a filter application is obtained.
- the length of the mixing cell portion 4 is reduced, the average denier of the fiber increases, and the number of branched fibrillated fibers also decreases, making it a nonwoven fabric or the like that utilizes the excellent adsorption performance of fine fibrillated fibers. It becomes insufficient as a fiber to be provided.
- the diameter of the mixing cell 4 is a factor that governs the linear flow velocity of the coagulant fluid in the mixing cell section 4, which is an important requirement for obtaining the target fiber of the present invention. It must be set to the size that can be set.
- the slit is not limited to the cylindrical shape as described above, but may be a rectangular slit. Even in such a case, the width of the cross section is preferably lmm or more and 6mm or less. If the cross-sectional area of the mixing cell section 4 is reduced, the linear flow velocity increases, but clogging due to the formed fibers tends to occur, which causes inconvenience.
- the cross-sectional area of the mixing cell section 4 is increased, the linear flow velocity of the coagulant fluid decreases, and the degree of fibrillated fibers decreases.
- a flow rate required for this is required to be 10 O mZsec. Or more.
- the shape of the mixing cell portion 4 may be any shape as long as it has a sufficient length and a cross-sectional area capable of securing a required linear flow velocity as described above, and even if the cross-sectional shape is circular, rectangular, or the like.
- the object of the invention can be achieved.
- the mixing cell section 4 may be shaped so that the cross-sectional area gradually decreases or increases toward the discharge port 4a, or the tip of the mixing cell section 4 may be rounded to widen the discharge port 4a.
- the polymer solution prepared by the conventional method is supplied from the polymer supply port 2a to the polymer discharge section 2, and the coagulant fluid prepared by the conventional method is coagulated from the coagulant supply port 3a.
- the discharge direction of the polymer solution is regulated by the polymer flow path 2c through the supply chamber 2b of the polymer discharge section 2, and the polymer solution is discharged into the mixing cell section 4 from the polymer discharge port 2d.
- the coagulant fluid passes through the supply chamber 3b of the coagulant injection unit 3 and the injection angle is defined by the coagulant flow path 3c, from the coagulant injection port 3d to the polymer solution in the mixing cell unit 4. Injected toward.
- the polymer solution is mixed with the injected coagulant fluid, and solidified and sheared in the mixing cell section 4 to be shaped into discontinuous fibrillated fibers.
- the spinning nozzle of the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and can be appropriately modified as long as the requirements of the present invention are satisfied.
- an example of spinning using the spinning nozzle of the present invention will be described.
- the following examples are merely illustrative for explanation, and the scope of the present invention is as follows.
- the present invention is not limited to the examples below.
- the spinning nozzle used was the nozzle 1 shown in Figure 3 above, and the polymer supply chamber 2b of the nozzle 1 was 96 mm long and 3 mm in diameter ( ⁇ cylindrical shape, and the polymer flow path 2 c
- the coagulant flow path 3c has a slit shape, and the angle between the center line of the polymer flow path 2c and the center line of the coagulant flow path 3c is (60 °).
- the length of the polymer flow path 2c, the diameter of the polymer discharge port 2d, the slit opening of the coagulant flow path 3c, the center of the polymer discharge port 2d and the center of the polymer flow path 2c The distance L from the intersection point P of the line and the center line of the coagulant flow path 3c, the diameter of the mixing cell section 4, and the length from the intersection P of the mixing cell section to the downstream side are set to be varied. Table 1 shows the setting values.
- the solution was extruded under 1.5 kg / cm 2 of nitrogen pressurized, and c- cellulose was quantitatively supplied to the nozzle shown in FIG. 3 using a gear pump.
- the discharge amount of the solution was defined by the rotation speed of the gearphone.
- Steam was used as the coagulant fluid, and the amount of steam supplied was determined by regulating the supply pressure with a pressure reducing valve. The amount of steam was measured by changing the supply pressure from the nozzle shown in Fig. 3 and injecting only steam into water, and calculating the weight increase per unit time.
- the diameter of the polymer solution discharge port 2 d is 0.2 mm ⁇
- the diameter of the mixing cell section 4 is 2 mm ⁇
- the length is 54 mm
- the slit of the coagulant channel is 3 9
- a nozzle Nozzle A in Table 1
- the supply amount of the cellulose solution was 6, At 0 ml / min.
- a steam supply pressure of 1.5 kgZcm 2 it was jetted into water at a temperature of 30 ° C.
- the steam consumption at this time was 87 gZmin.
- the linear flow rate of steam in the mixing cell was calculated to be about 80 Om / se.
- Cellulose fibers suspended in the coagulation liquid were collected, washed in boiling water for 1 hour or more, and air-dried at room temperature.
- the morphology of the side surface of the obtained cellulose fiber was observed using a scanning electron microscope.
- the obtained cellulose excipient is an aggregate of discontinuous fibrillated fibers, and has a wide distribution from a diameter of about 0.1 m to about 50 m, and a fiber length of about 5 mm. Had a broad distribution of about 5 cm. Further, the fibers had a branched structure, and a structure in which fine fibers of several // m or less were branched from the fiber side surfaces of several tens // m was observed.
- FIG. 7 shows a photograph of the obtained cellulose fiber.
- Example 2 # cellulose solution was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1, was subjected to shaping of cellulose using the same nozzle as in Example 1. The supply amount of the cellulose solution was changed to 3.0 (Example 2-1) and 12.0 ml / min. (Example 2-2), and cellulose was spun.
- FIGS. 8 and 9 show electron micrographs of the obtained cellulose fiber.
- a cellulose solution was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1. Using the same nozzle as in Example 1 except that the slit opening of the coagulant fluid was set at 250 21, the supply amount of the cellulose solution was 6.0 ⁇ 1 ⁇ ., And the supply pressure of steam was 2 kg / cm. Set to 2 . The steam consumption at this time was 82 g / min. In terms of water. As in Example 1, the cellulose fibers suspended in the coagulating liquid were collected, washed in boiling water for 1 hour or more, and air-dried at room temperature.
- the cellulose shaped body obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 is an aggregate of discontinuous fibrillated fibers, and a structure in which fine fibers of several meters or less are branched from the fiber side surface of several tens // m is observed. Was done.
- Example 1 A cellulose solution was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1.
- Examples 4-11 used nozzles B in Table 1 and Examples 4-12 used nozzles C in Table 1 and used the same as in Example 1 above.
- Cellulose fibers were spun under the following conditions.
- Example 41-11 An electron micrograph of Example 41-11 is shown in FIG. 11, and an electron micrograph of Example 41-12 is shown in FIG.
- a cellulose solution was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1, and a cellulose fiber was spun under the same conditions as in Example 1 using the nozzle D shown in Table 1.
- FIG. 13 shows an electron micrograph of the obtained fiber.
- the obtained cellulose excipient is an aggregate of discontinuous fibrillated fibers, A structure in which fine fibers of several meters or less are branched from the side surfaces of several tens of fibers was observed.
- a cellulose solution was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1, and a cellulose fiber was spun under the same conditions as in Example 1 using the nozzle E shown in Table 1. An electron micrograph of the resulting fiber is shown in FIG.
- the obtained cellulose imprint was an aggregate of discontinuous fibrillated fibers, and a structure in which fine fibers of several meters or less were branched from tens of fiber sides was observed.
- the cellulose solution was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1, and c in Example 1 using the nozzle F of Table 1 Similarly cellulose solution is supplied at 6 g / min., The supply pressure of the vapor 1.5 It was set to Zcm 2. At this time, the nozzle F had a slit opening degree different from that of the nozzle A of Example 1, so that the steam flow rate was 70 gZmin.
- a cellulose solution is prepared in the same manner as in Example 1, and has the same shape and dimensions as the nozzle A of Example 1 except that the downstream end of the mixing cell section 4 is spread in a trumpet shape toward the outlet 4a. Using a nozzle, cellulose fibers were shaped under the same conditions as in Example 1.
- Example 6 An electron micrograph of the obtained fiber is shown in FIG. As in Example 1, the obtained cell mouth shape is an aggregate of discontinuous fibrillated fibers, and a structure in which fine fibers of several meters or less are branched from the fiber side surface of several tens of meters. Was observed. [Example 6]
- Example 2 Using the polymer solution used in Example 1, the polymer flow path 2 c of the nozzle shown in FIG. 3 is projected 1.5 mm from the upper wall of the mixing cell, and the polymer solution discharge port 2 d is mixed with the mixing cell. Except that a mixing cell having a diameter of 2 mm ⁇ and a length of 13 mm was provided below the polymer solution discharge port 2 d and having a structure shown in FIG. Spinning was performed under the same conditions as in Example 1.
- the cross-sectional shape of the fibers was from elliptical to film-like.
- Example 2 Using the polymer solution used in Example 1 and using the nozzle having the structure shown in FIG. 5 from which the mixing cell part of the nozzle shown in FIG. 4 was removed, under the same conditions and conditions as in Example 1. Spinning was performed.
- the obtained excipient was a fiber or film having no branch and an elliptical cross section.
- cellulose diacetate (MBH, manufactured by Daicel Chemical Industries, Ltd.) was dissolved in 770 g of acetate to prepare an acetone solution of 23% by weight of cellulose diacetate.
- the coagulated body of the cellulose diacetate suspended in the coagulated liquid was collected, washed in boiling water for 1 hour or more, and dried with hot air at 80 ° C.
- the obtained solidified body is a fibril-like or film-like aggregate with a length of several m to several m to several m from a thickness submeter m, and the length of this solidified body is determined by JAPAN TAPPI No. 52 When measured according to -89, the ratio of those having a length of 1000 m or more was about 20%, indicating that the fibrils had a branched structure.
- the specific surface area measured by the BET method was 9.7 m 2 / g.
- Example 7 In the same manner as in Example 7, an acetone solution of 23% by weight of cellulose diacetate was prepared.
- the cellulose diacetate was shaped in the same manner as in Example 7, except that the discharge amount of the cellulose diacetate solution was changed to 6 ml / min.
- Example 9 A coagulate having the same form as in Example 7 was obtained, and the specific surface area of the coagulate was 10.5 m 2 .
- Example 7 In the same manner as in Example 7, an acetone solution of 23% by weight of cellulose acetate was prepared. Aseton 30 wt% aqueous solution from the mixing cell outlet, obtained except extruding a temperature 30 ° C coagulating bath, have rows shaping the cellulose diacetate in the same manner as in Example 7 method, solidified body having a specific surface area of 10.0 m 2 / g and Was.
- cellulose diacetate (MBH, manufactured by Daicel Chemical Industries Ltd.) was dissolved in 770 g of acetone to prepare a 23% by weight cellulose acetate acetate solution.
- the solution was extruded under a nitrogen pressure of 1.5 kg Zcm 2 , and a fixed amount was supplied to the nozzle shown in FIG. 3 using a gear pump, and steam was supplied at the same time.
- the amount of steam supply was determined by regulating the supply pressure with a pressure reducing valve.
- the amount of water vapor was measured by injecting only water vapor into the coagulation liquid from the nozzle shown in Fig. 3, and calculating the weight increase per unit time.
- Solution outlet with a diameter of 0.2 mmoi, a cylindrical mixing cell with a diameter of 2 mm0 and a length of 24 mm, a slit-shaped steam flow path with an opening of 390> m, and the center line and slit of the solution flow path of using Roh nozzle that the angle is made to be 60 degrees between the center line, cellulose di ⁇ cetearyl over Bok of Aseton solution supply amount 4.5 ml m in the., the supply pressure of the water vapor and 1 kgZcm 2, temperature Ejected into water at 30 ° C. The water vapor consumption at this time was 73 g / min. In terms of water, and the linear flow rate of water vapor in the mixing cell was calculated to be about 66 Om / sec.
- the coagulated cellulose diacetate suspended in the coagulated liquid was collected, washed in boiling water for 1 hour or more, and dried with hot air at 80 ° C.
- the obtained solidified body is a fibril-like or film-like aggregate with a thickness of sub // m to 10 ⁇ m and a length of several tens to several meters, and the specific surface area measured by the BET method is 19.2 m 2 / g.
- Example 10 In the same manner as in Example 10, an acetone solution containing 23% by weight of cellulose diacetate was prepared.
- the cellulose diacetate was shaped in the same manner as in Example 10 except that the solidified product was extruded into the air from the mixing cell outlet, and the solidified product was laminated and collected in a glass plate shape. m 2 Zg.
- Cellulose diacetate was shaped in the same manner as in Example 10, except that the length of the mixing cell of the nozzle was changed as shown in Table 2.
- Table 2 shows the specific surface area of the obtained solidified body.
- Cellulose diacetate was shaped in the same manner as in Example 10 except that the size of the mixed cell was changed to 4.0 mm0.
- the water vapor consumption at this time was measured by the same method as in Example 1, it was 7 SgZmin.
- the linear flow rate of water vapor in the mixing cell in this case was calculated, it was about 16 Om / se.
- Cellulose diacetate (MBH, manufactured by Daicel Chemical Industries Ltd.) 133 was dissolved in 862 g of acetone containing 1% S% of water to prepare an acetone solution of 13.3% by weight of cellulose acetate.
- the coagulated body of cellulose diacetate suspended in the coagulated liquid was collected, washed for 1 hour or more in boiling water, and dried with hot air of 80 eC .
- the obtained solidified body is 10 / m from thickness sub m, a collection of fibrils like fiber hundreds m length from several tens // m, and had a specific surface area of 19.7 m 2 Roh g .
- the obtained fiber was subjected to the same treatment as in Example 7 and the morphology was observed. As a result, it was found to be a thin film aggregate.
- Example 7 using acetate ⁇ seton solution prepared in the same manner as has been spun into the pressurized air together with the Example 1 gauge pressure 2 kg / cm 2 from a nozzle that instead of steam used, mixed The bulk polymer is only intermittently discharged from the cell, No ibrillated fibers were obtained.
- Example 7 Using an acetate acetate solution prepared in the same manner as in Example 7, a two-fluid nozzle (setup No. lA manufactured by SPMYING SYSTEM CO.) As shown in Figure 6 was used instead of the nozzle used in Example 7. The discharge rate of the solution and the steam pressure were changed as shown in Table 3 (Experiments 1 to 5), and the formation of cellulose diacetate was attempted by squirting into water at 30 ° C. The nozzle clogged and stable shaping was not possible. Table 3
- cellulose diacetate (MBH, manufactured by Daicel Chemical Industries, Ltd.) was dissolved in 770 g of acetone containing 5% by weight of water to prepare an acetone solution of 23% by weight of cellulose diacetate.
- the resulting solution is then 40.
- the mixture was extruded under a nitrogen pressure of 1.5 kg / cm 2 , and a fixed amount was supplied to the nozzle shown in FIG. 3 using a gear pump, and steam was supplied at the same time.
- the amount of steam supply was determined by regulating the supply pressure with a pressure reducing valve.
- the amount of water vapor was measured by injecting only water vapor into the coagulation liquid from the nozzle shown in Fig. 3, and calculating the weight increase per unit time.
- Solution outlet with a diameter of 0.2mm0, a cylindrical mixing cell with a diameter of 2mmii and a length of 1.5mm, a slit with a steam flow path of 250m and the opening adjusted to 250m, the center line of the solution flow path Using a nozzle manufactured so that the angle between it and the center line of the slit is 30 degrees, the supply amount of the cellulose acetate acetate solution is 18 mn, and the supply pressure of steam is 1.5 kg. / cm 2 and squirted into water at a temperature of 30 ° C. The water vapor consumption at this time was 7 OgZmin. In terms of water, and the linear flow velocity of water vapor in the mixing cell was calculated to be about 63 Om / se.
- the coagulated body of cellulose diacetate suspended in the coagulated liquid was collected, washed for 1 hour or more in boiling water, and dried with hot air of 80 eC . .
- the obtained solidified body is a fibril-like or film-like aggregate with a thickness of several 10 ⁇ m from the sub-Aim and a length of several tens of Aim to several meters.
- the ratio of those having a length of 1000 // m or more was about 20%, indicating that the fibrils had a branched structure.
- the specific surface area measured by the BET method was 8.0 m 2 / g.
- the solution was extruded under a nitrogen pressure of 1.5 kg / cm 2 , and a fixed amount was supplied to the nozzle portion shown in FIG.
- the amount of steam supply was determined by regulating the supply pressure with a pressure reducing valve.
- the amount of water vapor was measured by injecting only water vapor into the coagulation liquid from the nozzle shown in Fig. 3, and calculating the weight increase per unit time.
- a solution discharge port with a Y-shaped cross section, a cylindrical mixing cell with a diameter of 2 mm ⁇ 0 and a length of 1.5 mm, a steam flow path with a slit shape and an opening of 39 O ⁇ m Using a nozzle manufactured so that the angle between the center line of the solution flow path and the center line of the slit is 30 degrees, adjust the supply amount of the acetate solution of cellulose diacetate to 48.7 ⁇ 1 ⁇ . To 2.5 kg / cm 2 and temperature
- the coagulated body of cellulose acetate suspended in the coagulated liquid was collected, and post-treated in the same manner as in Example 1 to obtain a dried coagulated body of cellulose acetate. Using a scanning electron microscope, the morphology of the fiber side surface of the obtained solidified product was observed.
- the obtained coagulated body is an aggregate having a thickness of sub- ⁇ m to several hundreds / m and a length of several tens // m to several m in a fiber-like or film-like form.
- the ratio of those with a length of 100 Ozm or more was measured by the same method as
- washed coagulated body was subjected to a sieve test in accordance with JIS P-8207, and the ratio of the portion passing through the 150 mesh was 3.9% by weight.
- the obtained solidified material had the same form as that of Example 17 and was subjected to a sieving test by the same method as that of Example 17. As a result, the ratio of the portion passing through the 150 mesh was 9.5% by weight. Atsushi. The specific surface area was 5.6 m 2 / g.
- the resulting spinning solution while maintaining the 4 0 e C a, 1. 5 k gZcm out press with nitrogen under a pressure of 2 were simultaneously supplied steam when the quantitative supply to the nozzle portion with Giyahonpu.
- the supply amount of steam was determined by regulating the supply pressure with a pressure reducing valve. Water vapor was measured by injecting only water vapor into the coagulation liquid from the nozzle shown in Fig. 3, and calculating the weight increase per unit time.
- the coagulated body of cellulose acetate suspended in the coagulated liquid was collected, and post-treated in the same manner as in Example 1 to obtain a dried coagulated body of cellulose acetate. Using a scanning electron microscope, the obtained solidified body was observed for the morphology of the fiber side surface. Was.
- the obtained solidified material had the same shape as that of Example 16, and a sieving test was carried out in the same manner as in Example 16. As a result, the ratio of the 150 mesh passed through was 6.5% by weight.
- Example 17 As in Example 17, a 28% by weight solution of cellulose diacetate in acetate was prepared.
- Solution outlet with a diameter of 0.2 mm0, cylindrical mixing cell with a diameter of 2 mm3 ⁇ 4i and length of 1.5 mm, a slit with a steam flow path, and an opening adjusted to 39 ⁇ ⁇ to adjust the center line of the solution flow path using Roh nozzle that the angle between the center line of the slit is made to be 30 degrees, the supply amount of the cellulose di ⁇ cetearyl over Bok of Aseton solution 18m n., the supply pressure of water vapor and 2.5 kg / cm 2, Spouted into water at a temperature of 30 ° C.
- the water vapor consumption at this time was 145 g / min. In water equivalent, and the calculated linear flow velocity of water vapor in the mixing cell was about 130 Om / sec.
- the coagulated body of cellulose diacetate suspended in the coagulated liquid was collected, washed in boiling water for 1 hour or more, and dried with hot air of 80C. .
- Example 17 Using a scanning electron microscope, the morphology of the fiber side surface of the obtained solidified product was observed. Further, when the shape of the fiber in the longitudinal direction was observed using a projection stereo microscope (Nippon Kogaku's profile projector V-12), it was the same as in Example 17. When a sieve test was performed in the same manner as in Example 1 ⁇ , the ratio of the 150 mesh passed through was 6.3% by weight, and good results were obtained. However, the specific surface area was 2.9 m 2 / g, which was insufficient. It became something.
- the sulphite-dissolved pulp (cellulose content: 96.5%) was crushed and dried to a water content of about 5%.
- 35 parts by weight of glacial acetic acid was added to 100 parts by weight of 5% moisture pulp, and pretreatment was activated at 40 eC for 30 minutes.
- a catalyst solution of 3.8 parts by weight of sulfuric acid previously adjusted to 40 C and 100 parts by weight of glacial acetic acid was added to the reaction vessel to start an acetylation reaction. It took about 20 minutes to recover 231 parts by weight of distillate (5% acetic anhydride, the rest being acetic acid), and the pressure inside the reaction vessel was returned to normal pressure.
- the reaction temperature reached 55 eC immediately after the addition of the sulfuric acid catalyst solution, and reached about 51 ° C after 20 minutes.
- the reaction temperature reached a beak temperature of 53 ° C 12 minutes after the pressure in the reaction vessel was returned to normal pressure.
- Solution outlet with a diameter of 0.2 mm ⁇ , a cylindrical mixing cell with a diameter of 2 mm0 and a length of 1.5 mm, a steam flow passage with a slit shape and an opening of 250 tm, adjusted to the center line of the solution flow passage using the nozzle the angle between the slit center line is made to be 60 degrees, the supply amount of the cellulose acetate solution 18m lZmiii., the supply pressure of steam as 1.5 kg / cm 2, water temperature 30 ° C Erupted.
- the water vapor consumption at this time was 7 OgZmin, in terms of water, and it was about 63 Om / sec when the linear flow velocity of water vapor in the mixing cell was calculated.
- the coagulated cellulose acetate suspended in the coagulation liquid was collected and washed in boiling water for 1 hour or more.
- the obtained coagulated body was filtered to obtain a hydrous cellulose acetate fibrillated fiber.
- the solid content weight of this hydrate was about 27%.
- This hydrous cellulose acetate fibrillated fiber was dispersed again in water to prepare a fibril dispersion of about 0.5 wt%.
- the fibril dispersion was diluted and the water content was measured.
- the freeness was measured using a Canadian freeness tester in accordance with JIS P-8121.
- the value corrected to the standard temperature of 20 ° C and the standard concentration of 0.30% was 62 Oml. Further, when the pre-screening test was performed in accordance with JIS P-8207, the pass through 150 mesh was 8.3%.
- the hydrous cellulose acetate fibrillated fiber was dried with hot air at 80 ° C., and the obtained coagulated product was observed for its cross-sectional shape using a scanning electron microscope.
- the obtained solidified body is a fibril-like or film-like aggregate with a sub-thickness of m to 20 m and a length of several tens of zm to several mm, and the aggregate has a branched structure. Yes, a tree-like branched structure was observed as a whole.
- a cellulose acetate reaction solution was prepared in the same manner as in Example 21, and the cellulose acetate was shaped in the same manner as in Example 21 except that the discharge rate of the solution was changed to 6 mlZmin.
- a coagulate having the same form as in Example 21 was obtained.
- the specific surface area of the coagulated aggregate was 8.6 m 2 / g, and the freeness was 590 ml.
- Softwood sulphite pulp (87% cellulose content) was crushed and dried to about 5% water content.
- 500 parts of acetic acid was evenly sprayed, and pretreatment was activated at 60 ° C for 90 minutes.
- the reaction temperature is immediately becomes 55 ° C after the addition of sulfuric acid catalyst liquid, and after 20 minutes was about 5 l e C.
- the reaction temperature reached a beak temperature of 53 ° C 12 minutes after the pressure in the reaction vessel was returned to normal pressure.
- 16 parts by weight of a 38% aqueous solution of magnesium acetate were added and mixed to completely neutralize the sulfuric acid in the system and to reduce the amount of magnesium sulfate in excess.
- To the completely neutralized reaction mixture was further added 6 parts (71 parts by weight of water of KC), and the mixture was stirred.
- the reaction mixture was transferred to an autoclave and heated to 150 ° C over 90 minutes by external heating. After holding at 30 ° C. for 30 minutes, the mixture was slowly cooled and hydrolyzed to obtain a secondary cellulose acetate.
- Solution outlet with 0.2mm0 diameter, 2mm ⁇ zi diameter, 1.5mm length cylinder
- the shape of the mixing cell, the shape of the steam flow path is slit, the opening is adjusted to 250 zm, and the nozzle made so that the angle between the center line of the solution flow path and the slit center line is 60 degrees.
- the supply amount of the cellulose acetate solution set at 18 mlZmin.
- the supply pressure of steam set at 1.5 kg / cm 2 , the solution was jetted into water at a temperature of 30 ° C.
- the coagulated body of cellulose acetate suspended in the coagulated liquid composed of water was collected, and further washed in boiling water for 1 hour or more.
- the obtained coagulated product was filtered to obtain a hydrated cellulose acetate fibrillated fiber.
- the solid content of this hydrate was about 29%.
- the obtained cellulose acetate fibrillated fiber is a fibril-like or film-like aggregate having a thickness of sub-m to 20 m and a length of several tens to several mm, and the aggregate has a branched structure. Yes, a tree-like branched structure was observed as a whole.
- the specific surface area of the coagulated aggregate was 7.6 m 2 Zg, and the freeness was 610 ml.
- kenaf stationery paper was cut with a shredder to obtain chips about 10 mm long and about 3 mm wide. Using the cut chips as raw materials, kenaf pulp was acetylated in the same manner as in Example 23. The resulting reaction solution was used as a spinning dope to perform shaping in the same manner as in Example 21.
- the supply amount of the reaction solution is 18 ml / min.
- the supply pressure of steam is 1.5 kgZcm 2
- the temperature is 30. C erupted into the water.
- the coagulated cellulose acetate suspended in water was collected and washed in boiling water for 1 hour or more.
- the obtained coagulated product was filtered to obtain a hydrous cellulose acetate fibrillated fiber.
- the solid content weight of this hydrate was about 27%.
- the obtained solidified body has a thickness of sub m to 20 / m and a length of several tens of m to several mm. It was a fibril-like or film-like aggregate, and the aggregate had a part with a branched structure, and a tree-like branched structure was observed as a whole.
- the specific surface area of the coagulated aggregate was 5.2 m 2 Zg, and the freeness was 650 ml.
- a hemp sheet for papermaking (about lmm thick) was cut by a shredder to obtain chips about 10 mm long and about 3 mm wide. Using the cut chips as raw materials, hemp pulp was acetylated in the same manner as in Example 3.
- the resulting reaction solution had a high viscosity and was difficult to transfer to a jacketed tank, so 50 parts by weight of water and 20 parts by weight of acetic acid adjusted to 40 ° C were added to the reaction solution ⁇ : This.
- the diluted solution was transferred to a tank and shaped by the same method as in Example 21.
- Solution outlet with a diameter of 0.2 mm ⁇ zi, a cylindrical mixing cell part with a diameter of 2 mm0 and a length of 1.5 mm, a steam flow path with a slit shape and an opening of 250 / zm, adjusted to the center of the solution flow path Using a nozzle manufactured so that the angle between the line and the slit center line is 60 degrees, the supply amount of the diluting solution is 18 ml / min., The supply pressure of steam is 1.5 kgZcin 2 , and the temperature is 30. C erupted into the water.
- the coagulated cellulose acetate suspended in water was collected and washed in boiling water for 1 hour or more.
- the obtained coagulated product was filtered to obtain a hydrous cellulose acetate fibrillated fiber.
- the solid content of the hydrate was about 24%.
- the obtained solidified body is a fibril-like or film-like aggregate with a thickness of sub-m to 20 ⁇ m and a length of several tens of meters to several mm, and the aggregate has a portion having a branched structure. However, a tree-like branched structure was observed as a whole.
- Example 26 100% by weight of acrylonitrile 100% by weight of non-viscosity 0.18 (0.1 gZl 100 cc DMF solution, measured at 25.C) with acrylonitrile in water as a medium, ammonium persulfate and sodium sulfite as polymerization catalysts, polymerization, washing and drying. A polymer was obtained.
- the obtained fibers were aggregates of fibrous fibers with a thickness of sub-Aim of 10 zm and a length of tens / s to hundreds of m.
- cellulose diacetate MMH, manufactured by Daicel Chemical Industries, Ltd.
- cell mouth dissolved pulp V-60, manufactured by P & G Cellulose, Inc.
- 75 g of N-methylmorpholine N-oxide containing about 41% by weight of water 2,000 g of Santechno Chemical Co., Ltd.
- 15 g of gallic acid proville were put into a mixer (ACM-5 type) equipped with a vacuum defoaming device manufactured by Kodaira Seisakusho, and mixed with 670 g of water for about 2 hours while heating under reduced pressure.
- ACM-5 type equipped with a vacuum defoaming device manufactured by Kodaira Seisakusho
- the solution was extruded under a nitrogen pressure of 1.5 kg / cm 2 , and the solution was quantitatively supplied to the nozzle shown in Fig. 3 using a gear pump.
- the discharge amount of the spinning solution was defined by the number of revolutions of the gear homb.
- Water vapor was used as the coagulant fluid, and the amount of steam supplied was determined by regulating the supply pressure with a pressure reducing valve. The amount of water vapor was measured by changing the supply pressure from the nozzle shown in the above nozzle and injecting only water vapor into water, and calculating the weight increase per unit time.
- Discharge of spinning dope by setting the diameter of the spinning dope outlet 2d to 0.2 mm, the diameter of the mixing cell section 4 to 2 mm, the length to 2 mm, and the coagulant fluid slit opening to 390 m Using a nozzle manufactured so that the angle between the wire and the steam discharge line is 60 degrees, the supply rate of the spinning solution is 4.5 ml / min, and the steam supply pressure is 1.0 kg / cm. It was set to 2, and spouted into water at a temperature of 30 ° C. The water vapor consumption at this time is 73 g / min. In terms of water, and when the linear flow velocity of water vapor in the mixing cell is calculated, it is about 660 m / sec., And the ratio of water vapor / polymer is about 100 It became.
- the fibers suspended in the coagulation liquid were collected, washed in boiling water for 1 hour or more, and air-dried at room temperature.
- the obtained fiber was observed for its cross-section and side morphology.
- the resulting fiber has a diameter! It was a surface fibrillated fiber having a structure in which fibrils having a diameter of 0.1 to 100 m, a length of 1 to 10 cm, and a diameter of 0.1 to 1 were laminated on the fiber surface along the fiber axis direction. Electron micrographs of the fiber are shown in Fig. 18 (fiber side) and Fig. 19 (fiber cross section).
- the fiber was cut at 5 m / m, 5 g of the fiber was dispersed in 1 L of water, and beaten for 30 seconds with a household mixer. After air-drying the beaten fiber, the morphology of the fiber side surface was observed using a scanning electron microscope. A fibrillated fiber having a diameter of 1 / zm or less was split from the precursor fiber and entangled (a fibril-containing split fiber) was observed. The obtained electron micrograph is shown in FIG.
- the beating treatment was continued, the beating treatment was performed for 5 minutes, and the obtained fiber was air-dried, and then the side surface was observed with a scanning electron microscope.
- the fibers had almost no precursor fiber shape and were aggregates of ultrafine fibers with a diameter of 1 m or less.
- Cellulose diacetate (MBH, manufactured by Daicel Chemical Industries, Ltd.), 230 g, N-methylmorpholin N-oxide containing about 41% by weight of water, 2000 g, and 15 g of provyl gallate were placed in the same apparatus as in Example 9. With use and mixing, 700 g of water was dehydrated to prepare a solution of cellulose diacetate.
- Example 27 After the obtained solution at 90 ° C, it was extruded under 1.5 kg / cm 2 nitrogen pressurization, and quantified at 4.5 m1 / min. Using a gear pump into the same nozzle as in Example 9. Supply was made. Further, as in the case of Example 27, steam as a coagulant fluid was supplied to the mixing cell while maintaining the pressure at 1.0 kgZcm 2 by the pressure reducing valve. When the supply flow rate of water vapor was measured in the same manner as in Example 27, it was 72 g / min.
- the obtained fiber is a surface fibrillated fiber in which fibrils having a diameter of 0.1 to 2 tzm are laminated on the surface along the fiber axis direction similarly to the precursor fiber of Example 9, and the length is 1 to 2 cm.
- Example 27 Using the stock solution prepared in the same manner as in Example 27, the cellulose diacetate / cellulose polymer was shaped in the same manner as in Example 27 except that the same nozzle as in Example 1 was used.
- the obtained fiber was a surface fibrillated fiber having a structure in which fibrils having a diameter of 0.5 m or less were laminated on the fiber surface.
- this fiber was used as a precursor fiber and subjected to beating treatment for 5 minutes in the same manner as in Example 27, almost the same precursor fiber as in Example 27 was formed into an aggregate of fibrillated fibers.
- Example 30
- Example 27 Using the stock solution prepared in the same manner as in Example 27, the cellulose acetate / cellulose polymer was shaped in the same manner as in Example 27, except that the nozzle B in Table 1 was used.
- the obtained fiber is a surface fibrillated fiber having a structure in which fibrils are laminated on the fiber surface, and this fiber is used as a precursor fiber and subjected to beating treatment for 5 min. In the same manner as in Example 27. As a result, fibrillated fibers in which the precursor fibers were beaten were observed.
- Example 27 Using the same polymer and solvent as in Example 27, in the same manner as in Example 27, solutions having different composition ratios of the cell opening and cellulose acetate / cellulose and different polymer concentrations were prepared. Spinning was performed by the method, and the same treatment was performed to obtain a precursor fiber of the surface fibrillated fiber.
- Table 4 shows the ratio of the polymer and the polymer concentration of the spinning dope.
- the surface fibrillated fibers obtained in Examples 31 to 34 have a structure in which fibrils having a diameter of 1 m or less are laminated around the surface fibrillated fibers, as in Example 27. Was.
- Example 27 As a result of beating treatment for 5 minutes in the same manner as in Example 27, the precursor fibers were divided into fibrils having a diameter of 1 zm or less as in Example 27, and the fibrillated fibers became entangled. The situation was noticed.
- Example 35 In the fiber surface of the precursor fiber obtained in Example 35, a portion where fibrils of 0.1 to 2 m or less were laminated in the fiber axis direction and a portion where the fibrils were laminated in a mesh shape were observed. Branching was observed.
- Example 35 When the fiber of Example 35 was beaten for 5 minutes in the same manner as in Example 27, it was observed that the fibrillated fiber split from the precursor fiber was entangled. However, compared to Example 27, more unsplit precursor fibers remained, Table 4
- the acrylonitrile-based polymer having a specific viscosity of 0.17 (0.1 g / 100 cc DMF solution, measured at 25.C) was dissolved in 770 g of dimethylacetamide, and the cellulose diacetate / A mixed solution of 23% by weight of the acrylonitrile polymer was obtained.
- this mixed solution as a spinning dope, the same spinning solution as in Example 27 was used, and 50 spinning dope was used.
- the obtained fiber has a thickness of 1 // m to 100 ⁇ m, and has a structure in which the fibers having a diameter of 2 m or less are laminated in the fiber axis direction on the fiber surface.
- Example of the obtained fiber When beaten for 5 minutes in the same manner as in 27, a structure in which fibrils with a diameter of 2 or less were stacked was observed.
- Example 36 spinning was performed under the same conditions as in Example 36, except that the length of the mixed cell portion was 1.5 mm.
- the obtained fiber was beaten for 5 minutes in the same manner as in Example 27, and the fiber was observed with a scanning electron microscope. As a result, it was found that the fiber was almost similar to that in Example 36.
- Example 36 Using the same solution as in Example 36, spinning was performed using a nozzle having a shape shown in FIG. 4 in which the solution ejection line and the coagulant ejection line were parallel.
- the nozzle has a diameter of 2 mm0 at the outlet of the spinning dope 2 d, an opening of the coagulant fluid channel of 250 in, and the angle between the center line of the spinning dope and the center line of the coagulant fluid channel is 60 degrees.
- a mixing cell 0.3 mm long was provided.
- Example 36 the temperature of the spinning dope was kept at 50 ° C., and the solution was discharged into the mixing cell at a rate of 9.0 ml / min. Steam was used as the coagulant fluid, and the steam was jetted into the mixing cell while maintaining the supply steam pressure at 1.0 kgZcm 2 . The water vapor flow rate was measured in the same manner as in Example 9, and as a result, it was 58 g / min. At this time, when the linear flow velocity of the steam in the mixing cell was calculated, it was about 53 Om / sec.
- the obtained fibers had a thickness of 1 m to 100> m, and were surface fibrillated fibers in which fibrils having a diameter of 2 Aim or less were laminated on the surface of the fibers.
- the obtained surface fibrillated fiber was used as a precursor fiber and subjected to beating treatment for 5 minutes in the same manner as in Example 27, whereby fibrils having a diameter of 2 l ⁇ m or less were laminated. However, a precursor fiber which was not partially split was also observed.
- Example 38 spinning was performed under the same conditions as in Example 38, except that the discharge rate of the spinning solution was 18.0 ml / min.
- the obtained solution was extruded under a nitrogen pressure of 1.5 kg / cm 2 while keeping the solution at 6 (TC), and a fixed amount was supplied to the nozzle portion using a gearphone.
- the discharge amount of the polymer solution was determined by the rotation speed of the gearphone. Steam was used as the coagulant fluid, and the amount of steam supplied was determined by regulating the supply pressure with a pressure reducing valve.
- the amount of steam was measured by changing the supply pressure from the nozzle, injecting only steam into the water, and calculating the weight increase per unit time.
- the polymer solution discharge port 2d has a Y-shaped cross-section discharge port shown in Fig. 30, the mixing cell part 4 has a diameter of 2mm0, a length of 1.5mm, and a coagulant fluid slit opening of 39 O ⁇ m.
- the supply amount of the polymer solution is 12.0 ml / min.
- the vapor supply pressure is 1.5 kg / cm. It was 2 and squirted into water at a temperature of 30 ° C.
- the steam consumption at this time was 70.5 g / min.
- the calculated linear flow velocity of the steam in the mixing cell was about 56 Om / sec. Collects fibers floating in coagulation liquid and further boil After washing in water for 1 hour or more, it was air-dried at room temperature.
- the cross section and side surface of the obtained fiber were observed using a scanning electron microscope.
- the resulting fiber has a diameter of 1 micron to 100 microns, a length of 0.1 cm to several cm, and a surface fibrillation with a structure in which 0.1 to 2 m of fibril fibers are laminated on the fiber surface along the fiber axis direction.
- Fig. 24 shows an electron micrograph of the fiber.
- the beating treatment was further continued, the beating treatment was performed for 10 minutes, and the obtained fiber was air-dried, and the side surface was observed with a scanning electron microscope. It was observed that fibril fibers having a diameter of 1 / m or less were branched from the precursor fibers.
- FIG. 25 shows the obtained electron micrograph.
- the polymer solution discharge port 2d was 0.2 mci in diameter
- the diameter of the mixing cell part 4 was 2 mm0
- the length was 14 mm
- the angle between the polymer solution and the discharge line of vapor was 60 degrees.
- Spinning was performed under the same conditions as in Example 40, except that the supply amount of the polymer solution was 9. OmlZmin.
- Example 40 When the obtained fiber was beaten for 10 minutes in the same manner as in Example 40, and observed with a scanning electron microscope, it was found that, as in Example 40, a large number of fibril fibers having a diameter of lzm or less were branched. Was observed.
- FIG. 26 shows an electron micrograph of the obtained fiber.
- Example 42 Spinning was performed under the same conditions as in Example 41, using the same nozzle as in Example 41, except that the stock spinning solution and the length of the mixing cell portion were set to 1.5 mm.
- Example 41 When the obtained fiber was beaten for 10 minutes in the same manner as in Example 40, and the fiber was observed with a scanning electron microscope, the fibril fiber having a diameter of 1 m or less was branched as in Example 41. Although the appearance was observed, the number of branches was reduced as compared with Example 41.
- Example 40 Using the same polymer and solvent as in Example 40, solutions having different acrylonitrile polymer / polyethersulfone composition ratios and polymer concentrations were prepared in the same manner as in Example 42, and the same as in Example 42. Spinning was performed by a simple method, and the same treatment was performed to obtain a precursor fiber of the surface fibrillated fiber.
- Table 5 shows the ratio of the polymer and the polymer concentration of the spinning dope.
- the surface fibrillated fibers obtained in Examples 43 to 46 had a structure in which fibrils having a diameter of 1 m or less were laminated along the fiber surface from the surface fibrillated fibers.
- the precursor fiber had a structure in which fibrils having a diameter of 1 Aim or less were partially branched from the precursor fiber. .
- Example 40 When the obtained fiber was beaten for 10 minutes in the same manner as in Example 40, and the fiber was observed with a scanning electron microscope, the fibril was branched from the precursor fiber almost in the same manner as in Example 40. The situation was observed.
- FIG. 28 shows an electron micrograph of the obtained fiber.
- the obtained fiber was beaten for 10 minutes in the same manner as in Example 40, and the fiber was observed with a scanning electron microscope.As a result, fibril was branched from the precursor fiber almost in the same manner as in Example 41. The situation was observed.
- the aggregate of the fibrillated fiber can be efficiently manufactured from the polymer solution which has a film forming ability, The fibrillated fiber obtained in this way, the nonwoven fabric etc. comprised from it
- Such a sheet-like material can be effectively used as a fibrillated fiber having a large surface area in fields requiring low pressure loss and high filtration performance, such as an air filter.
- the fibrillated fiber can be produced at a low temperature and a low pressure under the operation of a highly fibrillated discontinuous fibrillated fiber. It is possible to produce stably fibrillated fibers of a polymer having a high glass transition temperature or a polymer which undergoes thermal denaturation at low cost and stably, and its industrial significance is significant.
- the surface fibrillated fiber of the present invention can be used for an air filter or the like, particularly in the field of a base fiber of a sheet-like material such as a nonwoven fabric, which requires high filtration performance with low pressure loss, or an artificial fiber having a natural hand. It can be used more effectively in a wide range of fields, such as base fiber materials for leather.
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Description
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Priority Applications (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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EP97905439A EP0908541B1 (en) | 1996-03-06 | 1997-03-04 | Fibril based fibers, method of manufacturing same, spinning nozzle used in same, and moldings obtained therefrom |
DE69733415T DE69733415T2 (de) | 1996-03-06 | 1997-03-04 | Auf fibrillen basierende fasern, methode zu deren herstellung, dabei verwendete spinndüse und damit hergestellte formkörper |
BR9710713A BR9710713A (pt) | 1996-03-06 | 1997-03-04 | Fibra com sistema de fibrila e seu m-todo de fabrica-Æo um bico de fia-Æo usado no m-todo e um produto moldado obtido dessa forma |
US09/141,032 US6248267B1 (en) | 1996-03-06 | 1998-08-27 | Method for manufacturing fibril system fiber |
Applications Claiming Priority (14)
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JP7837496A JPH09241917A (ja) | 1996-03-06 | 1996-03-06 | 不連続フィブリル化繊維の製造法 |
JP8/78374 | 1996-03-06 | ||
JP7918996 | 1996-04-01 | ||
JP8/79189 | 1996-04-01 | ||
JP8/117065 | 1996-04-15 | ||
JP11706596A JP3789006B2 (ja) | 1996-04-15 | 1996-04-15 | フィブリル化繊維用紡糸ノズル及び不連続フィブリル化繊維の製造方法 |
JP8/124009 | 1996-04-22 | ||
JP12400996A JPH09291413A (ja) | 1996-04-22 | 1996-04-22 | 表面フィブリル化繊維及びそれから得られるフィブリル含有分割繊維、並びにそれらの製造方法 |
JP30292296A JPH09324318A (ja) | 1996-04-01 | 1996-11-14 | フィルター用素材、及びその製造法 |
JP8/302922 | 1996-11-14 | ||
JP34054396A JPH10168651A (ja) | 1996-12-05 | 1996-12-05 | 表面フィブリル化繊維及びそれから得られるフィブリル含有分割繊維、並びにそれらの製造方法 |
JP8/340543 | 1996-12-05 | ||
JP8/332386 | 1996-12-12 | ||
JP33238696A JPH10168649A (ja) | 1996-12-12 | 1996-12-12 | セルロースアセテートフィブリル化繊維及びその製造方法 |
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Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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PCT/JP1997/000654 WO1997033018A1 (fr) | 1996-03-06 | 1997-03-04 | Fibres a base de fibrilles, leur procede de fabrication, buse de filage utilisee pour ce procede, et moulages obtenus a partir de ces fibres |
Country Status (8)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US6248267B1 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP0908541B1 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN1109137C (ja) |
BR (1) | BR9710713A (ja) |
CA (1) | CA2247423A1 (ja) |
DE (1) | DE69733415T2 (ja) |
RU (1) | RU2156839C2 (ja) |
WO (1) | WO1997033018A1 (ja) |
Cited By (1)
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US6248267B1 (en) | 1996-03-06 | 2001-06-19 | Mitsubishi Rayon Co., Ltd. | Method for manufacturing fibril system fiber |
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CN105525376B (zh) * | 2015-11-27 | 2018-03-27 | 济南圣泉集团股份有限公司 | 一种再生纤维素纤维及其制备方法 |
KR102111293B1 (ko) * | 2016-03-15 | 2020-05-15 | 주식회사 다이셀 | 셀룰로오스아세테이트 |
CN108716155B (zh) * | 2018-06-07 | 2020-12-15 | 淄博欧木特种纸业有限公司 | 无纺接缝纸及其制备方法 |
RU2748551C1 (ru) * | 2020-10-15 | 2021-05-26 | Федеральное государственное бюджетное учреждение науки Ордена Трудового Красного Знамени Институт нефтехимического синтеза им. А.В. Топчиева Российской академии наук (ИНХС РАН) | Способ получения прядильного раствора на основе льняной целлюлозы для формования гидратцеллюлозных волокон |
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- 1997-03-04 RU RU98118187/12A patent/RU2156839C2/ru not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1997-03-04 BR BR9710713A patent/BR9710713A/pt not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1997-03-04 DE DE69733415T patent/DE69733415T2/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1997-03-04 CA CA002247423A patent/CA2247423A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 1997-03-04 CN CN97193798A patent/CN1109137C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1997-03-04 EP EP97905439A patent/EP0908541B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
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US6248267B1 (en) | 1996-03-06 | 2001-06-19 | Mitsubishi Rayon Co., Ltd. | Method for manufacturing fibril system fiber |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE69733415T2 (de) | 2006-04-27 |
DE69733415D1 (de) | 2005-07-07 |
EP0908541B1 (en) | 2005-06-01 |
RU2156839C2 (ru) | 2000-09-27 |
BR9710713A (pt) | 1999-08-17 |
CN1216075A (zh) | 1999-05-05 |
EP0908541A4 (en) | 1999-06-23 |
CA2247423A1 (en) | 1997-09-12 |
EP0908541A1 (en) | 1999-04-14 |
CN1109137C (zh) | 2003-05-21 |
US6248267B1 (en) | 2001-06-19 |
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