Classifications

• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
  • D02G—CRIMPING OR CURLING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, OR YARNS; YARNS OR THREADS
  • D02G1/00—Producing crimped or curled fibres, filaments, yarns, or threads, giving them latent characteristics
  • D02G1/02—Producing crimped or curled fibres, filaments, yarns, or threads, giving them latent characteristics by twisting, fixing the twist and backtwisting, i.e. by imparting false twist
  • D02G1/04—Devices for imparting false twist
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
  • D01H—SPINNING OR TWISTING
  • D01H1/00—Spinning or twisting machines in which the product is wound-up continuously
  • D01H1/11—Spinning by false-twisting
  • D01H1/115—Spinning by false-twisting using pneumatic means

Definitions

• the present invention relates to a twist orqan for spinning fibers into a thread, with a through! channel for fiber material and with at least one air channel extending from the circumference of the swirl organs to the passage anal for fiber material.
• Known pneumatic swirl members essentially consist of a basic body, a flow channel for fiber material, hereinafter referred to as a flow channel, and at least one air channel.
• the air duct is located in the base body and extends from the circumference of the base body into the flow channel.
• the air duct generally opens tanqentially and at an oblique angle into the through-duct. If compressed air is applied to the air channel, an air swirl is created in the flow channel, which on the one hand gives the fiber material in the flow channel a pulling force into the swirl element and on the other hand a rotation (so-called injector effect).
• the position of the air ducts relative to one another and to the through duct is of essential importance for the yarn quality (EP-OS 0.222.981). It is therefore important to ensure that the air ducts are accurate be introduced into the swirl element in the predetermined position and with the smallest possible tolerances.
• the problem here is that the base body of the swirl member consists of a very hard material (eg ceramic) for wear reasons, which is very difficult to machine.
• a certain ratio of length to diameter of the air duct is necessary, a certain minimum length of the air duct having to be maintained so that a bundled air jet can arise.
• the cross-sectional shape of the air duct is of crucial importance for an effective air jet and thus for a good spinning result.
• the bores for the air ducts which are very long in relation to the diameter, it can hardly be avoided that the bores "run” and thus larger deviations in position and shape from the desired state occur.
• an increasing effort is required to be able to drill the holes. This problem was also pointed out in US Pat. No. 4,480,435.
• the object of the present invention is to provide a swirl element of the type mentioned which can be precisely manufactured in a simple and inexpensive manner.
• the air duct is composed of elements. It has been shown that the division of the air duct enables inexpensive and precise manufacture to be achieved, and that additional shapes are also possible.
• An advantageous embodiment of the present invention is that the composite air duct is divided essentially transversely to the longitudinal axis.
• the bore closer to the through-channel can be introduced into the hard material of the swirl member with very precise lengths and tolerances, especially since the length of the bore is very short.
• the shortest allowable length of this hole is reached if the division plane of the composite air duct is located directly in front of the inner wall of the flow duct without breaking through the inner wall of the swirl element.
• the drill with the small diameter can be kept very short and thus, because of the short lever arm, only relatively small torques can cause the drill to "run" in the hard material of the swirl member. Commercially available drills can withstand these torques.
• a favorable embodiment is that the first element forming the composite air channel is the swirl element with a bore opening into the through-channel for fiber material and that in a bore of larger diameter concentric to this bore, another element forming the composite air channel is in shape a socket is inserted.
• the bushing should be inserted right up to the bottom of the larger bore so that a gap-free transition from the bushing to the swirl element is created in the air duct and there is as little flow loss as possible.
• the use of the bush makes it possible, on the one hand, to lengthen the small diameter of the air duct and, on the other hand, to vary the inflow opening of the air duct. Both measures bring about a change in the flow behavior of the air inside and after the air duct.
• the material of the bushing can be the same as that of the swirl element or it can be a material that is easier to process.
• the bushing contains a through-hole, the mouth diameter of which corresponds essentially to the diameter of the hole in the swirl element opening into the through-channel for fiber material, this through-hole can be used as part of the air channel.
• the bushing contains a through-hole whose mouth diameter deviates from the diameter of the smaller of the two concentric holes. This allows a small lateral offset of the bushing in relation to the smaller of the two concentric bores without reducing the effective cross section of the air duct.
• An effective extension of the thin air duct is achieved by aligning the through-hole of the bushing used with the hole in the swirl organ opening into the duct for fiber material and thus forming a composite air duct.
• the air duct should have a ratio of diameter to length of 1: 3 to 1:10.
• the through bore of the bushing is advantageously designed such that the inflow opening of the assembled air duct tapers in a funnel shape.
• bushings with different through bores and / or lengths are used for fiber material depending on the desired air flows in the anal flow.
• the requirements of different spinning parameters such as the nature of the material to be spun, can be accommodated and the twisting in the through-channel can be influenced by varying the diameter, the shape and the length of the through-hole of the bushing.
• With a detachable joining process it is also possible to convert the same swirl element by replacing the bushing.
• the reduction in manufacturing accuracy is permissible if the diameter of the bushing is smaller than the diameter of the bore into which the bushing is inserted and the resulting space is filled with an adhesive. Adequate alignment of the parts of the air duct can be achieved by inserting a centering pin or the like into the assembled air duct during the bonding.
• the swirl element is composed of at least two elements which divide the swirl element essentially transversely to the longitudinal axis and if a groove is provided in at least one of the end faces of the elements, which forms the air duct.
• This transverse division of the swirl organ creates at least two additional end faces on which machining can be carried out well, since a tool can be introduced without problems.
• the cross section of the air duct can be rotationally symmetrical. Both when machining only one element and when machining both elements that form an air duct, it is possible that the cross section of the air duct is axisymmetric. Likewise, when processing one and both elements, it is possible for the air duct cross section to increase or decrease over the length of the air duct.
• the passage consists of several elements at its circumference in the region of the junction of the air duct, a simple and inexpensive way of producing the swirl element is again achieved according to the task.
• This division makes it possible to work the air duct from both sides when the swirl element is disassembled.
• the air duct is arranged in a bushing which is inserted into the swirl element and extends into the through-duct, there is the possibility that different air duct shapes can be used in a simple manner by using different bushings.
• the swirl element essentially divided along its longitudinal axis, i.e. the swirl organ consists of e.g. two or three segments, it is possible that the air duct is arranged in one or more of the segments.
• the cross-sectional area of the air duct increases at least partially starting from the circumference of the swirl organ in the direction of the passage, advantageous flow conditions in the air duct and the passage duct result.
• This can be supported by changing the cross-sectional shape of the air duct. This means a change from a circular cross-section, for example, to an oval cross-section of the air duct, the oval cross-sectional area being larger than the circular cross-sectional area. If both cross-sectional shapes consist of a circular cross-sectional area, then this indicates a conical or conical expansion of the air duct.
• the cone angle is advantageously! between 5 and 10.
• the smallest diameter of the air duct should be between 0.6 and 0.2 mm. The best results can be achieved with a smallest diameter of 0.3 mm.
• FIG. 2 shows a front view of the swirl element with an inserted cylindrical bushing
• FIG. 3 shows in longitudinal section I-I the swirl element in the embodiment according to the invention with an inserted cylindrical bushing
• Fig. 4 to 6 exemplary embodiments of various sockets
• Figure 11 shows a longitudinal section II by a composite of two elements with the twisting element in both Elemen ⁇ te incorporated air duct.
• FIG. 17 shows an exemplary embodiment of an air duct cross section during incorporation into both elements of the swirl element
• FIG. 22 shows an exemplary embodiment of an air duct cross section with sealing elements.
• 23 and 24 a cross section through a swirl member.
• FIG. 1 there are two concentric bores 120 and 121 of different diameters in the swirl element 1, the bore 120 forming part of the air duct 12 and the swirl element 1 being one of the elements of the air duct 12.
• the bore 120 which already has the required air duct diameter d, extends into a passageway 10 for fiber material, hereinafter referred to as passageway for short.
• a hole 121 of larger diameter D concentric with the hole 120 extends with its base 123 up to close to the flow channel 10. Due to the inclined position of the axis 122 of the concentric bores 120 and 121 relative to the axis of the through-channel 10, it can be stated that the length 1.
• the bottom 123 of the bore 121 should extend right up to the inner wall of the swirl member 1, but must not be the wall of the passage anal 10 break through, damage or weaken the wall in such a way that it is broken or damaged when a bushing is inserted into the bore 121.
• the bushing 2, 3, 4, 5 or 6 represents a further element of the swirl element 1.
• FIG. 2 A front view of the swirl element 1 is shown in FIG. 2. This clearly shows that the axis 122 with the concentric bores 120 and 121 is arranged with a lateral offset to the axis 100 of the through-channel 10. This causes a tangential introduction of the air flow into the flow channel 10 and thus a good swirl formation of the air flow in the flow channel 10. Due to the lateral offset of the two axes 100 and 122 and the position which is not perpendicular to one another, the position of the largest results Approach of flow channel 10 and bore 121 is also in a lateral offset to the two axes 100 and 122.
• the course of section II in FIG. 2 shows the longitudinal sections of FIGS. 1 and 3.
• Fig. 3 shows a longitudinal section through the swirl element 1, in which a socket 2 is inserted.
• the sleeve 2 extends the für ⁇ hole 20, the effective length 1, of the bore 120 by the amount of length 1 R of the sleeve to the new total length 1, and thus yields the compound air channel (12).
• the bushings 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, like the swirl element 1, can be made of ceramic or else of a material that is easier to process, since the material stress here is not as great as on the air duct coin.
• FIG. 7 shows how the length of the air duct 1 in the hard material of the swirl member 1 can be significantly reduced by using a conical bushing 6. This makes it possible for the bushing 6 to be inserted deeper into the swirl element 1 without the wall of the flow channel 10 being broken.
• Fig. 8 shows the socket 5 used, the through hole 50 eccentric to the outer diameter d. is.
• This eccentricity can occur both on the bushing 5 and on the bores 120 and / or 121 in the swirl element 1 due to manufacturing tolerances. A compensation of the eccentricity is made possible if the diameters D and d "have a clear difference and in such a way that D is significantly larger than d".
• the air duct 12 can be assembled in alignment by drilling 120 and 50 e.g. be brought into the desired position via a centering pin, and thus the axes 122 and 52 have the same position.
• the resulting lateral cavities can be filled with an adhesive which at the same time seals the assembled air duct 12 against lateral air discharge.
• the concentric bores 120 and 121 shown in FIGS. 1, 2 and 3 are introduced into a swirl element 1 which, for reasons of wear, consists of very hard material, for example ceramic.
• the holes 120 and 121 are already provided in the sintered ceramic Dra lorgan 1 with a slight undersize.
• the fine machining of the bores 120 and 121 is preferably carried out in one machining step, the form drills used for this having to make a slight decrease in material and therefore the bores 120 and 121 generally have extremely small tolerances.
• 9 shows the longitudinal section II shown in FIG. 1.
• the swirl member 1 is composed of two elements 13 and 14.
• the dividing surface 15 of the swirl member 1 is a truncated cone in the exemplary embodiment shown, but depending on the position and shape of the air duct 131, 141, 151 other dividing surfaces can also be created. If the two elements 13 and 14 are considered separately, the division of the swirl element 1 creates two additional end faces 120 and 140, which allow simple machining.
• the dividing surface 15 is expediently to be placed in the swirl element 1 in such a way that the air duct 131, 141, 151 can come to lie therein.
• the air duct 131, 141 is formed in the form of a groove in one of the two end faces 130 or 140. By joining the elements 13 and 14, a closed channel cross section is then created from the open groove cross section.
• FIG. 10 The assembly of the elements 13 and 14 is shown in FIG. 10. It shows the open groove cross section of the air duct 131, which extends from the circumference of the swirl element 1 to the through duct 10.
• Appropriate joining processes can be used to connect elements! 3 and 14 e.g. Glue, clamp or plug. The joining movement takes place in the direction of the arrows.
• FIG. 11 shows an air duct 151 which is composed of two grooves. At least one groove is worked into each of the end faces 130 and 140, which in turn form the air duct 151.
• the partition surface 15 and the air channels 131, 141 and 151, as shown in FIGS. 9 to 11, can be present several times per swirl element 1. It is also possible in this way that 1 different air duct positions and shapes are realized for each swirl element, with which passage channel 10 zones of different swirl can be reached. 12 to 16 show cross sections of air channels 131 and 141 which are incorporated in only one of the elements 13 and 14. This results in essentially axially symmetrical air duct cross sections.
• FIG. 17 shows a rotationally symmetrical cross section of an air duct 151.
• Such cross-sectional shapes arise when grooves are machined into both elements 13 and 14 of the swirl element 1.
• this machining it is also possible with this machining to achieve axisymmetric or asymmetrical cross sections.
• FIGS. 12 to 17 show longitudinal sections through swirl members 1 and their air ducts 131, 141 and 151.
• the exemplary embodiments illustrate the great variety of shapes which is made possible by this type of division of swirl member 1. Not only are different cross-sectional shapes possible, as shown in FIGS. 12 to 17, but also different longitudinal sectional shapes are possible. These can run linearly similar to Fig. 10, as well as have a tortuous course, e.g. Fig. 21 shows. With each of these exemplary embodiments, different flow conditions can be achieved in the air channels 131, 141 and 151 and in the pass-through channel 10, by means of which different spinning parameters, such as the fiber quality, can be dealt with.
• the groove for the air duct 131, 141 can be located both in the concave end face 140 and on the convex end face 130.
• FIG. 22 shows an embodiment for sealing the air duct 141.
• the elements 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 13, 14 of the swirl member 1 When assembling the elements 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 13, 14 of the swirl member 1, it is advantageous that the elements 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 13, 14 of the swirl element 1 are connected to one another in such a way that lateral escape of air from the air duct 12, 131, 141, 151 is avoided. Lateral air outlet from air duct 12, 131, 141, 151 would result in both increased air consumption and lower yarn quality.
• seals 150 are used.
• a suitable shaping of an air duct 131, 141, 151, such as in FIG. 16, can result in a sufficient sealing effect if the division 124 lies in a region of the air duct 131, 141 or 151 with hardly any flow.
• the present invention relates to a longitudinally divided bushing which extends from the circumference of the swirl element 1 into the through-flow duct 10 and which contains an air duct 12 in the form of one or more grooves.
• Another possibility is the use of several sockets 2, 3, 4, 5 or 6, which, arranged one behind the other, form the assembled air duct 12.
• a suitable material for the elements of the swirl element 1 is, for example, preformed sintered ceramic, the final shape and surface quality being achieved by low-level machining, since the basic shape is already present.
• the preformed sintered ceramic has the effect that, despite the hard material, processing is relatively simple.
• the holes or grooves can therefore be finished in the elements of the swirl element in a very precise shape and position.
• 23 and 24 represent cross sections through swirl members 1, which are composed of several elements 16 and 17 and 18, respectively. At least one of these elements 16 or 17 and 18 of these swirl members 1 contains a complete air duct 16T.
• the swirl organs .1 are divided in such a way that access to the air channels 161 is ensured from both sides in the disassembled state of the swirl organ 1, but particularly from the side of the flow channel 10. As a result, the production of air channels 161, which expand in the direction of the flow channel 10, is possible in a simple and precise manner.
• the air ducts 161 in FIGS. 23 and 24 can be prefabricated, for example, in sintered ceramic parts, as already described above, and brought to their desired dimensions by post-treatment. Due to the division of the swirl mechanism 1, the demolding of the air duct 161 and its aftertreatment can take place from the side of the opening into the through duct 10. This advantageously results in the possibility that the air duct 161 has a very exact opening in the through-duct 10.
• the opening in the flow channel 10 should open as tangentially as possible, so that the fibers in the flow channel 10 receive a strong twist.
• the conical shape of the through channels 161 significantly reduces the air requirement and also improves the swirl effect on the fibers.
• the conical shape of the air ducts 161 with a circular cross section is e.g. a cylindrical shape because of the higher air speed in the air duct 161 that can be achieved thereby.
• This shape of the air channels it was found that, in addition to a lower air consumption, they also achieve a higher tear resistance of the thread compared to a cylindrical shape of the air channels. The efficiency of the swirl organ is thus improved.
• cross sections of the air duct 161 can also be advantageous for a good twist distribution, which not only have an increase in the cross sectional area, but also change their shape. It is thus possible for the air duct 161 to have a circular cross section on the circumference of the swirl element 1 and an oval cross section on the through duct 10, which is directed with a longer extension either in the direction of the longitudinal axis 100 or in the circumferential direction of the through duct 10.
• the cross-section is of course perpendicular to axis 122.
• the arrangement of three air channels 161 has proven itself for good thread quality.
• the arrangement of, for example, two air channels 161, as shown in FIG. 24, can also be advantageous.
• the air channels 161 are arranged in bushes 17 which are inserted in the body 18 of the swirl element 1.
• the air channels 161 can be machined from their two openings.
• the advantages result in a manner similar to that in FIG. 23.
• the sleeves can either be exchangeable or can be fixed in the base body 18. It is important here that the abutting edges of the bodies 17 and 18 or 16 in the passage channel 10 are processed very carefully, so that no fibers can get caught on them and, when detached, produce faulty spots in the thread.
• the length 1 of the air channels 161 can be varied in that a prechamber 162 is arranged in front of the air channels 161 in the elements 16 and 17, respectively.
• the pre-chamber 162 also causes the air to flow evenly into the air duct 161.
• tapered air ducts 161 By using tapered air ducts 161, it is possible to achieve at least the same tensile strength of the thread with significantly reduced air consumption as with e.g. cylindrical air channels can be achieved.
• the swirl members 1 shown in FIGS. 23 and 24 are thus distinguished by good spinning results with little. Air consumption off. This is achieved not least by the fact that the orifices of the air channels 161 in the through-channel 10 are particularly easy to machine and can thereby be avoided by unfavorable influences on the air flow and the fiber material passing through.
• the swirl members 1 are shown greatly enlarged in FIGS. 1 to 24.
• the following example dimension table is intended to serve as a guide for the actual size of the swirl element 1.

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• Textile Engineering (AREA)
• Spinning Methods And Devices For Manufacturing Artificial Fibers (AREA)
• Spinning Or Twisting Of Yarns (AREA)
• Joints Allowing Movement (AREA)

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Publications (1)

Family

ID=6338209

Family Applications (1)

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• 1987
  • 1987-10-13 DE DE3734566A patent/DE3734566C2/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
• 1988
  • 1988-10-12 JP JP63508024A patent/JP2823575B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 1988-10-12 DE DE88908667T patent/DE3886738D1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 1988-10-12 EP EP88908667A patent/EP0344233B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1988-10-12 WO PCT/DE1988/000628 patent/WO1989003440A1/de active IP Right Grant
  • 1988-10-13 CN CN88108423A patent/CN1018073B/zh not_active Expired
  • 1988-12-14 IN IN890/MAS/88A patent/IN172073B/en unknown

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