Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
  • C10B5/00—Coke ovens with horizontal chambers
  • C10B5/10—Coke ovens with horizontal chambers with heat-exchange devices
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
  • C10B5/00—Coke ovens with horizontal chambers
  • C10B5/02—Coke ovens with horizontal chambers with vertical heating flues
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
  • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
  • Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
  • Y02P20/10—Process efficiency
  • Y02P20/129—Energy recovery, e.g. by cogeneration, H2recovery or pressure recovery turbines

Definitions

• the invention relates to a coking system in which feed mixtures, preferably based on hard coal, are fed batchwise to a reactor which is indirectly heated with heat recovery in regenerators or recuperators
• the invention further relates to reactors for carrying out the coking system.
• the invention also relates to a plant in which several reactors are combined into blocks.
• the chambers for the coking of hard coal are usually created in a battery design, in which the chambers and heating walls are arranged alternately next to one another. In this case, there is a heating wall between two chambers.
• a certain pressure and filling rhythm is maintained for the operation of a coke oven battery, for example the 5/2 cycle, which means that the coke ovens with the numbers 1, 6, 11, 16 etc. ... 3, 8, 13, 18 etc. ... 5, 10, 15, 20 etc. ... 2, 7, 12, 17 etc. ... 4, 9, 14, 19 etc. are expressed empty and filled; in many cases the 2/1 cycle is also common, in which the coke ovens No. 1, 3, 5, 7 etc. ... 2, 4, 6, 8 etc. are operated in succession.
• a further disadvantage of the conventional design of coke oven batteries is that there are many sealing elements which are subject to high thermal stresses and which often warp and thus lose their sealing function; The result is emissions at these sealing systems.
• Another disadvantage of this design is that only the entire battery can be replaced. A renewal of battery parts, in which progressive techniques can be used at the same time, is generally not achievable with reasonable effort.
• the invention is based on the object of proposing a coking system of the generic type which, in comparison with the known system, avoids wall damage caused by excessive propellants. pressures, a reduction in energy consumption and emissions, independence of the feed mixtures from the raw material asis, and improved control and regulation.
• the invention is further based on the object of proposing suitable reactors which can be operated statically and independently of heating technology, and also systems in which a plurality of reactors are combined to form blocks which can be constructed using progressive construction techniques and can be partially renewed in a simple manner.
• the reactor is designed as a large-scale coking reactor and has two rigid side walls;
• the heating walls are provided with vertically arranged heating cables, separate control and / or regulating elements being provided for the heating cables.
• the plane-parallel design has the further advantage that the heating can be set to a uniform, maximum stone temperature over the entire length of the chamber in order to achieve short coking times.
• the amount of heat adapted to the particular cooking state of the chamber filling is supplied to the reactor chamber in a targeted manner and thus the energy consumption is reduced.
• the chamber filling is coked evenly and completely at all points without causing undesired overheating.
• the formation of NO in the combustion exhaust gas is kept within the prescribed limits.
• the combustion media are preheated or cooled for each individual heating train in separate regenerator units or recuperator units, and the mass flows are individually controlled. This measure makes it possible to adapt the heat supply over the length of the reactor chamber to the local requirements of the chamber filling.
• the large-scale coking reactor according to the invention expediently has a useful height of at least 8.5 and a useful length of at least 18 m and a width of the reactor chamber of at least 0.7 m. This corresponds to a usable reactor volume of 107 m and coke production of 71 t. Feasibility studies resulted in a reactor usable height of 12 m, a reactor usable length of 25 m and a chamber width of 0.85 m are possible, which corresponds to a reactor usable volume of 255 m and thus a coke production of 165 t.
• the conventional chambers known to date have a maximum usable volume of 70 m, corresponding to a coke production of 45 t.
• the regenerators or regenerators are arranged between the heating walls and the rigid side walls. This design allows a relatively low overall height.
• the rigid side walls are expediently rigidly connected to one another in the ceiling area. This is advantageously achieved by the arrangement of spacer elements and longitudinal anchors between the rigid side walls. These spacers can e.g. B. be ceiling elements.
• the rigid side walls of the large-scale coking reactor are advantageously provided with tension anchors, which are expediently cooled by the forced supply of a cooling medium.
• the thickness of the rotor wall can be reduced to up to 50 mm, since according to the invention the static functions are transferred to or taken over by the rigid side walls, while the heating walls of the reactor chambers only take on thermal functions, so that they alone be designed according to thermal engineering considerations and can be built accordingly light. This improves the heat transfer to the coal located in the reactor chambers delimited by the heating walls. Not only is the structural design of the reactor with a large chamber volume simplified, but the operating mode is also significantly improved. Through the Reducing the rotor wall thickness also enables a further reduction in the NO formation due to the lowering of the heating draft temperature, without the need to extend the cooking time.
• the rigid side walls absorbing the design and operational forces of the large-scale coking reactor are preferably positively connected to a base plate. This ensures that the base points of the rigid side walls are fixed.
• transverse walls adjoin the binder walls, between which the regenerators or recuperators are arranged in the longitudinal direction of the chamber.
• two regenerators with media flowing in the opposite direction can be arranged between the rigid side wall and the heating wall of the large-scale coking reactor, which are separated from one another by a longitudinal wall running in the direction of the chamber and are connected to one another via an upper or lower reversal point.
• a vertical channel without heat exchange material can be arranged in order to further reduce the thermal load on the rigid side wall.
• the insulating layer between the regenerator and the heating wall of the large-area coking reactor can be thicker or less thermally conductive in the cold area (top) of the regenerator than in the warm area ( below) and the insulating layer between the duct and the regenerator in the warm area (bottom) be thicker or less thermally conductive than in the cold area (top) of the regenerator.
• the constructional and technical expenditure for the construction or restoration of a large-scale coking reactor is further reduced if it and / or its parts and / or the rigid side walls and / or parts of the rigid side walls consist of large-format or prefabricated large-volume parts, preferably refractory concrete parts.
• the preferably made of concrete, e.g. B. refractory concrete, cast rigid side walls can be cooled reinforcements, z. B. tension anchors, to counteract the adverse effects of high temperatures and periodic temperature changes.
• the heating trains of the heating walls can be designed in the manner of the twin-train, four-train or semi-divided heating system, each of the two heating walls of a reactor chamber being assigned its own, separately loadable regenerators for air, lean gas and waste heat. This enables a completely independent heating of the chamber lining from both chamber walls.
• systems are proposed in which several large-scale coking reactors are combined to form a reactor block, these large-scale coking reactors being designed as modules and being able to be operated independently of neighboring modules and possibly. are interchangeable.
• the individual large-scale coking reactors are mutually identical units, essentially consisting of reactor chamber, heating walls, heat recovery part and reactor ceiling, which or parts thereof can be replaced and, if necessary, repaired without production failure of the reactor block.
• reactor block can moreover be flexibly designed with regard to its mode of operation and adapted to changing market conditions, since each large-scale coking reactor is a unit that is independent of the other reactors in terms of heat technology, construction technology and statics. By combining them into reactor blocks, however, the advantages of the earlier battery design in terms of operation are retained.
• a completely new concept is thus proposed which allows the construction of large-scale coking reactors with usable dimensions which go beyond the previously customary chamber heights, chamber lengths and chamber widths. Since the heating walls are designed to be independent of each other in terms of heating technology, the individual large-scale coking reactors of the reactor blocks can be operated completely independently of one another, for example by program control, which was not possible in the previous battery design due to the design and heating technology coupling of adjacent chambers .
• Another advantageous feature of the block construction is that only one rigid side wall is arranged between two adjacent large-scale coking reactors.
• elongated anchors which are preferably on the reactor ceiling over the entire length of the Reactor block are enough to be used. In connection with the individual spacer elements, this results in a simplification in the longitudinal anchorage of the reactor block.
• the invention therefore proposes an overall reactor block which combines large chamber volumes with simple construction and simple repair options, as well as economical, programmable and independent operation of the individual large-scale coking reactors.
• One or more elongated openings can be arranged in the reactor ceiling. Both the charging and the leveling of the trimmings can be carried out through the elongated openings. Secondary entry systems, e.g. B. telescopic tubes that can be lowered into the reactor chamber
• the drawing shows in .der
• FIG. 1 shows a vertical section through a large-capacity coking reactor in which the regenerators are arranged between the heating walls and the rigid side walls, and in
• FIG. 3 shows a corresponding vertical section of another embodiment of the object of FIG. 1 with a vertical channel arranged in the vicinity of the rigid side wall. 3 shows a development of the object of FIG. 3, in which the insulating layers are of different thicknesses.
• FIG. 1 shows a large-scale coking reactor in vertical section, in which the regenerators are arranged below the heating walls and the reactor chamber.
• Fig. 6 shows in vertical section a reactor block consisting of large-scale coking reactors with regenerators arranged between the heating walls and the rigid side walls.
• Fig provides a Popeverkokungsreaktoren from be ⁇ stationary reactor block similar to Fig. 6 represents, in which only one rigid side wall between two adjacent ⁇ contemplatraumverkokungsreaktoren is ordered an ⁇ .
• FIG. 8 shows a reactor block similar to FIG. 6, in which the regenerators are arranged below the heating walls.
• a large-scale coking reactor 100 is shown in a vertical section in FIG. It consists of a reactor chamber 1, heating walls 3 with a rotor wall 11 and a partition wall 12, regenerators I and II, separated by a longitudinal wall 13, walls with insulating layer 14, a reactor ceiling 21 and a reactor floor 33. These elements are between two rigid side walls 2 arranged, which are connected below via a base plate 20 and above via spacer elements 22.
• the reactor chamber 1 is in the usual way on its provided on the side and on the back with removable reactor doors (not shown here).
• a spacer element 34 which delimits a reactor cellar 35 at the top, is attached below the reactor base 33. In the reactor cellar 35 there are supply and discharge channels 10 for the combustion media air L, gas G and waste heat A. They are connected to withdrawing heating elements 4a and burning heating elements 4b (FIG. 2).
• Each individual heating cable 4a, 4b can be controlled or regulated via valves 19. However, several heating cables 4-a, 4b can also be controlled or regulated together.
• FIG. 1 shows the direction of flow of air L or lean gas G via the supply channels 10 through the regenerators I and II and via a reversal point 15 to the lower end of a burning heater 4b (FIG. 2).
• the withdrawal of the waste heat A from a withdrawing heating train 4a (FIG. 2) (not shown in FIG. 1) takes place in the opposite direction via the reversal point 15 and the regenerators I and II to the discharge channels 10 for waste heat A.
• FIG. 2 ' the left half of the large-scale coking reactor 100 of FIG. 1 is shown in part in a horizontal partial section, in particular the cross connections from the rotor wall 11 via a hollow girder wall 5 or a full girder wall 6, the partition wall 12, a transverse wall 7 and the wall 14 with insulating layer up to the rigid side wall 2 can be seen.
• FIG. 2 the channels A, L in the hollow binder walls 5 and the outlet openings in the heating cables 4a, 4b A, L, G for the height-graded supply of air L or weak gas G and the removal of the waste heat A is shown.
• Arrows 8 indicate the reversal of the flow direction in the longitudinal direction of the chamber from the burning heating elements 4b to the exhausting heating elements 4a.
• the reversal of the direction of flow at the upper reversal point (FIG. 1) from the regenerator (R) to be withdrawn, which is separated by the longitudinal wall 13, is illustrated by arrows 9.
• FIG. 3 shows an embodiment with a single-pass regenerator (R) or recuperator, the combustion media via a vertical channel 18 arranged between the rigid side wall 2 and a wall with an insulating layer 16, the single-pass regenerator (R) and the Umledgestel ⁇ le 15 are supplied and removed.
• the walls with insulating layers 16 and 17 can be made of material of different thermal conductivity over the height of the reactor chamber 1.
• FIG. 4 shows an embodiment in which the insulating layer 16a is thicker than the insulating layer 17a in the hot region, that is to say in the lower region of the regenerator (R 1 ), while it is just the reverse in the upper region of the regenerator (R '). This leads to the inclined position of the regenerator (R ').
• the individual elements arranged between the side walls 2 are also designed in a manner that allows simple replacement of the individual elements.
• FIG. 5 shows a large-scale coking reactor 100 with a regenerator R located below the reactor chamber 1.
• the rigid side walls 2 are connected to one another via spring-loaded longitudinal anchors 26 arranged horizontally in the reactor ceiling 21.
• the rigid side walls 2 are also provided with cooled tensioning anchors 27 in the vertical direction.
• regenerator (R) located below is supported on one or more intermediate plates 23 above a cellar 24, which in turn rest on projections 25 of the side walls 2.
• heating walls 3, regenerator (R) and the reactor ceiling 21, with the exception of the intermediate plate 23, can have a continuous brick structure.
• Individual parts, for example ceiling elements, wall elements or regenerator (R) can also consist entirely or partially of prefabricated refractory concrete parts which are largely independently replaceable in order to simplify and accelerate repair work.
• the surfaces of the heating walls 3 delimiting the reactor chamber 1 run parallel to one another in the longitudinal direction of the chamber.
• an insulating layer 28 can be provided on the outside in the rigid side walls 2.
• the combustion media are fed to the heating wall 3 by the regenerators R via hollow binder channels 30 and height-graded outlet slots, of which only the upper outlet slot 31 is shown.
• the combustion exhaust gases are discharged via an upper reversal point 32 and then in the opposite direction through the heating cables and the hollow binder channels 30 to the regenerators (R).
• FIG. 6 shows a reactor block configuration in which only one rigid side wall 2 is arranged between two adjacent large-scale coking reactors 100 of the type shown in FIG. 1.
• FIG. 8 several large-scale coking reactors 100 with regenerators (R) (corresponding to FIG. 5) arranged under the heating walls 3 and the reactor chamber 1 are combined to form a reactor block.

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• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Materials Engineering (AREA)
• Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
• Organic Chemistry (AREA)
• Production Of Liquid Hydrocarbon Mixture For Refining Petroleum (AREA)
• Coke Industry (AREA)
• Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
• Apparatus Associated With Microorganisms And Enzymes (AREA)

Priority Applications (3)

Applications Claiming Priority (8)

Publications (1)

Family

ID=27433784

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Country Status (12)

Families Citing this family (8)

Citations (4)

Family Cites Families (1)

• 1987
  • 1987-12-16 IN IN1085/DEL/87A patent/IN172199B/en unknown
  • 1987-12-18 AU AU11558/88A patent/AU611885B2/en not_active Ceased
  • 1987-12-18 EP EP88900879A patent/EP0338021A1/de active Pending
  • 1987-12-18 AU AU11556/88A patent/AU1155688A/en not_active Abandoned
  • 1987-12-18 JP JP63501004A patent/JPH02501073A/ja active Granted
  • 1987-12-18 WO PCT/EP1987/000798 patent/WO1988004681A1/de unknown
  • 1987-12-18 BR BR8707924A patent/BR8707924A/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 1987-12-18 ES ES198787118829T patent/ES2030705T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1987-12-18 EP EP87118829A patent/EP0275514B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1987-12-18 WO PCT/EP1987/000799 patent/WO1988004682A1/de not_active Application Discontinuation
  • 1987-12-18 EP EP87118828A patent/EP0275513A1/de not_active Withdrawn
  • 1987-12-18 DE DE8787118829T patent/DE3778144D1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 1987-12-18 KR KR1019880701010A patent/KR950005676B1/ko not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 1987-12-18 KR KR1019880701011A patent/KR950005677B1/ko not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 1987-12-21 CA CA000554988A patent/CA1320170C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 1987-12-21 CA CA000554989A patent/CA1321367C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 1987-12-22 CN CN198787107649A patent/CN87107649A/zh active Pending
  • 1987-12-22 CN CN87107533A patent/CN1017251B/zh not_active Expired
• 1989
  • 1989-08-22 US US07/399,527 patent/US4990220A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related

Patent Citations (4)

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