US6722729B2 - Automobile front pillar - Google Patents

Automobile front pillar Download PDF

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Publication number
US6722729B2
US6722729B2 US09/462,044 US46204499A US6722729B2 US 6722729 B2 US6722729 B2 US 6722729B2 US 46204499 A US46204499 A US 46204499A US 6722729 B2 US6722729 B2 US 6722729B2
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
front pillar
shock
frame
passenger compartment
joining
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Fee Related
Application number
US09/462,044
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English (en)
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US20020057003A1 (en
Inventor
Suguru Yoshida
Hiroyuki Saegusa
Munehiro Mouri
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Honda Motor Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Honda Motor Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Honda Motor Co Ltd filed Critical Honda Motor Co Ltd
Assigned to HONDA GIKEN KOGYO KABUSHIKI KAISHA reassignment HONDA GIKEN KOGYO KABUSHIKI KAISHA ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: MOURI, MUNEHIRO, SAEGUSA, HIROYUKI, YOSHIDA, SUGURU
Publication of US20020057003A1 publication Critical patent/US20020057003A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US6722729B2 publication Critical patent/US6722729B2/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
    • B62D21/00—Understructures, i.e. chassis frame on which a vehicle body may be mounted
    • B62D21/15—Understructures, i.e. chassis frame on which a vehicle body may be mounted having impact absorbing means, e.g. a frame designed to permanently or temporarily change shape or dimension upon impact with another body
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
    • B62D25/00—Superstructure or monocoque structure sub-units; Parts or details thereof not otherwise provided for
    • B62D25/04—Door pillars ; windshield pillars
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60R19/00—Wheel guards; Radiator guards, e.g. grilles; Obstruction removers; Fittings damping bouncing force in collisions
    • B60R2019/007—Means for adjusting or regulating the crash absorption capacity of the vehicle, e.g. when detecting an impending collision
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60Y—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO ASPECTS CROSS-CUTTING VEHICLE TECHNOLOGY
    • B60Y2306/00—Other features of vehicle sub-units
    • B60Y2306/01—Reducing damages in case of crash, e.g. by improving battery protection

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an improvement in an automobile front pillar with shock absorbing capability.
  • FIG. 8 An example of conventional automobile front pillars is illustrated in enlarged cross-section in FIG. 8 hereof.
  • reference characters Fr and Rr respectively represent front and rear directions of the automobile.
  • Front pillar 100 is composed of an inner frame 110 and an outer frame 120 joined with the inner frame 110 to provide a tubular configuration.
  • Inner frame 110 is formed of a sheet metal folded to provide a dish-shaped cross section and has a concave bottom portion 111 . At opposite ends, the bottom portion 111 has joining portions 112 , 113 in the form of flanges for joining with the outer frame 120 .
  • Outer frame 120 is formed from a sheet metal folded to provide a generally U-shaped cross section and has a front portion 121 forming a convex part of the U shape. At opposite open ends, the outer frame 120 has joining portions 122 , 123 in the form of flanges for joining with the companion joining portions 112 , 113 of the inner frame 110 .
  • Front pillar 100 has a tubular cross section provided by joining the joining portion 112 of the inner frame 110 with the joining portion 122 of the outer frame 120 and the joining portion 113 of the inner frame 110 with the joining portion 123 of the outer frame 120 .
  • the front pillar 100 forms part of the skeleton of an automobile side body.
  • Door weather strip 132 is provided on a door sash 131 , carrying a door glass sheet 130 , for achieving seal between the door sash 131 and the front pillar 100 .
  • a molding 133 is attached to the outer frame 120 of the front pillar 100 .
  • a separate sealing weather strip 135 and sealant 136 are disposed between the outer frame 120 and a windshield 134 .
  • An obstacle 140 is shown forwardly of the front pillar 100 by a two-dot-and-dash line.
  • Front pillar 100 has high rigidity because it forms part of the automobile side body as mentioned above. Due to the high rigidity of the front pillar 100 , the obstacle 140 is imparted with a large shock or impact upon collision against the front portion 121 of the outer frame 120 . Thus, where priority should be given to the protection of the obstacle 140 , it becomes necessary to decrease the rigidity of the front pillar 100 . However, decreasing the rigidity of the front pillar 100 results in an automobile body with decreased rigidity, which may therefore be easily deformed upon turnover of the body. Consequently, there has been a demand for an automobile front pillar which retains its initially required rigidity but can sufficiently buffer a collision shock to the obstacle.
  • the disclosed automobile front pillar includes a shock damping panel provided at a front part of an outer frame forming part of a pillar body.
  • the front pillar is obtained by the mere addition of the shock damping panel to a conventional front pillar. Consequently, when the obstacle collides against the pillar body through the shock damping panel, shock energy arising from the collision is damped by only the deformed shock damping panel. There is no means left for absorbing shock energy arising after the collision reaches the pillar body. Hence, sufficient damping of the shock to the obstacle cannot be achieved in the disclosed front pillar structure.
  • the pillar body of the disclosed front pillar structure has rigidity as inherently required therein but no arrangements are provided in the pillar body for damping the collision shock, arising after collision of the obstacle against the pillar body, to the obstacle.
  • an automobile front pillar which includes, at a portion thereof positioned closely to a passenger compartment of an automobile, a weak portion for initiating the buckling of the front pillar upon application of a shock to that part of the front pillar positioned remotely from the compartment.
  • a weak portion for initiating the buckling of the front pillar upon application of a shock to that part of the front pillar positioned remotely from the compartment.
  • the front pillar portion positioned remotely from the passenger compartment includes at its front part a flat portion having a protecting member with shock absorbing capability.
  • the protecting member absorbs an initial part of the collision shock before the front pillar buckling begins, thereby effectively damping the shock applied to the obstacle.
  • a shock damping member forte absorbing part of the shock may be provided within the front pillar so as to minimize the shock to the obstacle.
  • the front pillar comprises an inner frame positioned closely to the passenger compartment and an outer frame joined with the inner frame and having a portion positioned remotely from the passenger compartment.
  • the weak portion may be provided in the inner frame.
  • the weak portion may be provided in that part of the outer frame positioned closely to the passenger compartment.
  • the inner frame includes a reinforcing member attached thereto so that the front pillar can maintain its inherent rigidity.
  • the reinforcing member comprises a reinforcing pipe and a reinforcing plate attached to the inner frame.
  • FIG. 1 is a perspective view illustrating a front part of an automobile employing a front pillar according to the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along line II—II of FIG. 1, showing the front pillar according to a first embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is a perspective view illustrating the front pillar of FIG. 2;
  • FIGS. 4A, 4 B, 5 A and 5 B are schematic views illustrating how the front pillar according to the first embodiment is deformed by a colliding obstacle
  • FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view taken transversely of the front pillar according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view taken transversely of the front pillar according to a third embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view illustrating the arrangement of a typical example of conventional front pillars.
  • FIG. 1 there is shown a front part of an automobile 10 employing a front pillar 1 according to the present invention.
  • the automobile comprises a door 2 , a windshield 5 , a door glass 9 and a passenger compartment 16 .
  • FIG. 2 showing in enlarged cross section the front pillar 1 according to a first embodiment of the present invention, as well as to FIG. 3 showing the front pillar in perspective.
  • Arrows Fr and Rr in FIG. 2 respectively indicate front and rear directions with respect to the automobile.
  • Front pillar 1 includes an inner frame 20 and an outer frame 30 .
  • the inner and outer frames 20 , 30 are joined together to provide the front pillar 1 of tubular cross section.
  • a sealing weather strip 6 and sealant 7 are provided between the outer frame 30 and the windshield 5 .
  • an outside weather strip 12 and an inner weather strip 13 are provided on the door sash 8 .
  • a window weather strip 14 is provided on the door sash 8 .
  • the inner frame 20 is enclosed by a cover 15 made from a synthetic resin so that no part of the front pillar 1 is exposed to view from the passenger compartment 16 .
  • the cover 15 not only serves as an ornamental member for improving the appearance of the passenger compartment 16 but also performs the function of providing protection with respect to the front pillar 1 .
  • Windshield 5 comprises a laminated glass sheet obtained by adhesively joining together two glass sheets 5 a , 5 b via a transparent film 5 c of resin, such as polyvinyl butyral.
  • Inner frame 20 includes a reinforcing pipe 25 and a frame portion 27 .
  • a reinforcing plate 26 welded or adhesively connected to the reinforcing pipe 25 is attached to the frame portion 27 .
  • the reinforcing pipe 25 functions as a core member of the inner frame 20 .
  • the reinforcing plate 26 adds up rigidity to a base portion 27 a of the frame portion 27 . Being thus reinforced by the reinforcing pipe 25 and the reinforcing plate 26 , the front pillar 1 will not be deformed longitudinally thereof upon turnover of the automobile.
  • the inner frame 20 is positioned internally of the passenger compartment 16 .
  • Frame portion 27 is formed of a sheet metal folded to provide a generally U-shaped cross section and has on one end a joining portion 28 a in the form of a flange for joining with the outer frame 30 and on the other end a joining portion 28 b in the form of a flange for joining with the outer frame 30 .
  • the frame portion 27 also has a bent or angled portion 27 b as a weak portion formed such that it projects radially inwardly of the front pillar 1 .
  • the inner frame 20 bends about the angled portion 27 b such that the angled portion 27 b is projected deep into the inside of the front pillar 1 .
  • the bent or weak portion 27 b thus serves to initiate the buckling of the front pillar 1 upon application of the collision energy to the pillar 1 .
  • Outer frame 30 comprises a frame body 31 , a protecting member 33 attached to the frame body 31 via support snaps 32 (see FIG. 3 ), an ornamental frame 34 attached to a frontal side of the protecting member 33 , and a molding 36 attached to one end of the ornamental frame 34 .
  • Frame body 31 includes a flat portion 31 a extending outwardly from a joining portion 39 a in the form of a flange for joining to the joining portion 28 a of the frame portion 27 , an outer wall portion 31 b extending rearwardly from the flat portion 31 a , and a joining portion 39 b in the form of a flange for joining to the joining portion 28 b of the frame portion 27 .
  • the protecting member 33 is attached to the flat portion 31 a via the support snaps 32 .
  • Protecting member 33 is extrusion molded from a resin, such as vinyl chloride, which can be easily deformed by an impact from forward to thereby absorb the impact.
  • Ornamental frame 34 improves the appearance of the front pillar 1 and is formed from a material deformable by an impact from the front.
  • the protecting member 33 collapses as a result of the impact applied thereto through the ornamental frame 34 as shown by arrow ⁇ circle around ( 2 ) ⁇ in FIG. 4 B.
  • the protecting member 33 thus absorbs an initial part of the collision energy of the obstacle O and thereby effectively mitigates the shock to the obstacle O.
  • the ornamental frame 34 is formed from a material deformable by a shock coming from the front and hence does not present a bar to the protecting member 33 .
  • the impact of the obstacle O reaches deep into the front pillar 1 as shown by arrow ⁇ circle around ( 3 ) ⁇ in FIG. 5A, the impact is transmitted through the outer frame 30 to the inner frame 20 .
  • the inner frame 20 deforms such that the angled portion 27 b of the frame portion 27 is projected or pushed inwardly of the front pillar 1 , as shown by arrow ⁇ circle around ( 4 ) ⁇ . Since the inner frame 20 thus deforms or buckles rearwardly together with the outer frame 30 , the collision energy is absorbed through buckling, whereby the shock to the obstacle O is mitigated.
  • FIG. 5B Illustrated in FIG. 5B is a final state in which the impact of the obstacle O has reached the front pillar 1 , as indicated by arrow ⁇ circle around ( 5 ) ⁇ .
  • the bent portion 27 b of the frame portion 27 is collapsed fully so that the impact or shock to the obstacle O is sufficiently mitigated as a result of its absorption during collapsing or buckling of the inner frame and outer frame 20 , 30 .
  • bent portion 27 b for initiating or facilitating the buckling of the front pillar 1 is provided on that side of the pillar proximate to the compartment 16 , it does not harm the appearance of the compartment interior because the bent portion 27 b is enclosed by the cover 15 (see FIG. 1 ).
  • Front pillar 40 comprises an inner frame 42 , an outer frame 43 , and a shock damping member 44 disposed between the inner and outer frames 42 , 43 for absorbing a shock or impact of a colliding obstacle.
  • Inner frame 42 includes a reinforcing pipe 45 serving as a frame core member as in the first embodiment, and a frame portion 47 .
  • the reinforcing pipe 45 is attached to a base portion 47 a of the frame portion 47 via a reinforcing plate 46 .
  • Frame portion 47 is formed from a sheet metal folded to provide a generally U-shaped cross section and has at one end thereof joining portion 48 a in the form of a flange for joining with the outer frame 43 and at an opposite end thereof a joining portion 48 b in the form of a flange for joining with the outer frame 43 . Between the base portion 47 a and the joining portion 48 a , the frame portion 47 also includes a V-shaped portion 47 b for serving as a weak or collapsible portion.
  • V-shaped portion 47 b for initiating or promoting of the inner frame 42 is provided on that side of the front pillar 40 which is close to the passenger compartment, it does not harm the appearance of the compartment interior because the V-shaped portion 47 b is covered by the cover 15 so that it may not be exposed to view from the compartment.
  • Outer frame 43 comprises a joining portion 49 a in the form of a flange provided at one end thereof for joining with the joining portion 48 a of the frame portion 47 of the inner frame 42 , a bulged portion 43 a projecting forwardly from the joining portion 49 a , an outer wall portion 43 b extending rearwardly from the bulged portion 43 a , and a joining portion 49 b in the form of a flange, provided at a distal end of the outer wall portion 43 b , for joining with the joining portion 48 b of the frame portion 47 .
  • Reference numeral 43 c designates a molding attached to the bulged portion 43 a.
  • the shock damping member 44 minimizes the impact which is imparted through the high rigidity portions of the front pillar 40 to the obstacle O.
  • a front pillar 50 according to a third embodiment of the present invention comprises an inner frame 52 and an outer frame 53 .
  • a flexible spacer 54 with shock absorbing capability is disposed between the windshield 5 and the front pillar 50 .
  • the spacer 54 deforms when one end of the obstacle collides with the windshield 5 and thereby minimizes the collision chock imparted from the windshield 5 to the obstacle.
  • Inner frame 52 comprises a frame portion 57 and a reinforcing pipe 55 serving as a core member for the frame portion 57 .
  • the reinforcing pipe 55 is attached to the frame portion 57 through a reinforcing plate 56 . Both the reinforcing pipe 55 and reinforcing plate 56 function in the same manner as those of the first embodiment described in relation to FIG. 2 .
  • the frame portion 57 is formed from a sheet metal folded to provide a generally U-shaped cross section and has a base portion 57 a positioned centrally thereof, a joining portion 58 a in the form of a flange provided at one end thereof for joining with the outer frame 53 , and a joining portion 58 b in the form of a flange provided at an opposite end thereof for joining with the outer frame 53 .
  • Outer frame 53 comprises a frame body 61 , a protecting member 33 attached to the frame body 61 through support snaps 32 (see FIG. 3 ), an ornamental frame 34 attached to a front side of the protecting member 33 , and a molding 36 attached to one end of the ornamental frame 34 .
  • Frame body 61 includes a joining portion 59 a in the form of a flange for joining with the joining portion 58 a of the frame portion 57 of the inner frame 52 , a flat portion 61 a extending outwardly from the joining portion 59 a past a bent or angled portion 62 for serving as a weak portion, an outer wall portion 61 b extending rearwardly from the flat portion 61 a , and a joining portion 59 b in the form of a flange provided at a distal end of the outer wall portion 61 b for joining with the joining portion 58 b of the frame portion 57 of the inner frame 52 .
  • the bent portion 62 is provided in the outer frame 61 , not in the inner frame as in the first and second embodiments.
  • the bent portion 61 is positioned in that part of the outer frame 61 which is close to the passenger compartment 16 .
  • the bent portion 62 serving as a weak portion for initiating or facilitating the buckling of the outer frame 61 , which is provided in that part of the outer frame 61 located proximately to the passenger compartment 16 , the bent portion 62 collapses or buckles upon collision of the obstacle against the front pillar 50 such that the bent portion 62 is projected radially inwardly, that is, into the internal space, of the front pillar 50 and thereby absorbs the collision impact.
  • the bent portion 62 is covered by the cover 15 so that it is not exposed to view from the passenger compartment 16 .
  • bent or weak portions 27 b (FIG. 2 ), 62 (FIG. 7) and V-shaped portion 47 b (FIG. 6) can be apertured so that the buckling of the front pillar is further facilitated.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Body Structure For Vehicles (AREA)
US09/462,044 1998-06-04 1999-05-31 Automobile front pillar Expired - Fee Related US6722729B2 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP15569998A JP4112685B2 (ja) 1998-06-04 1998-06-04 自動車のフロントピラー
JP10-155699 1998-06-04
PCT/JP1999/002875 WO1999062755A1 (en) 1998-06-04 1999-05-31 Automobile front pillar

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
US20020057003A1 US20020057003A1 (en) 2002-05-16
US6722729B2 true US6722729B2 (en) 2004-04-20

Family

ID=15611596

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US09/462,044 Expired - Fee Related US6722729B2 (en) 1998-06-04 1999-05-31 Automobile front pillar

Country Status (8)

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US (1) US6722729B2 (de)
JP (1) JP4112685B2 (de)
KR (1) KR100521756B1 (de)
CN (1) CN1131805C (de)
CA (1) CA2297928C (de)
DE (1) DE19981166B4 (de)
GB (1) GB2342077B (de)
WO (1) WO1999062755A1 (de)

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US20040159481A1 (en) * 2001-09-05 2004-08-19 L&L Products, Inc. Adjustable reinforced structural assembly and method of use therefor
US20050035630A1 (en) * 2001-10-19 2005-02-17 Uwe Berstecher Lateral wall module for the body of a motor vehicle
US7328421B1 (en) * 2005-02-17 2008-02-05 Xilinx, Inc. Relocating blocks for netlist generation of an electronic system
US20090121521A1 (en) * 2005-10-19 2009-05-14 Yanmar Co., Ltd. Frame Structure for Working Vehicle
US20110017878A1 (en) * 2007-12-20 2011-01-27 Renault S.A.S. Support for one or more elements which are intended to be fastened to a motor vehicle structure
US20120280095A1 (en) * 2009-12-10 2012-11-08 Bodo Specht Device for retaining a functional part, in particular a roof handle, in a vehicle
US8381403B2 (en) 2005-05-25 2013-02-26 Zephyros, Inc. Baffle for an automotive vehicle and method of use therefor
US20130234470A1 (en) * 2008-07-04 2013-09-12 Honda Motor Co., Ltd. Front pillar for automobile
US9187135B1 (en) * 2015-01-09 2015-11-17 Nissan North America, Inc. Vehicle body structure
US9248862B1 (en) 2015-01-09 2016-02-02 Nissan North America, Inc. Vehicle body structure
US9598112B1 (en) * 2015-12-07 2017-03-21 Honda Motor Co., Ltd. Front pillar for a vehicle body

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US6739624B2 (en) 1997-10-16 2004-05-25 Magna International Inc. Frame assembly for a motor vehicle
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JP4360003B2 (ja) * 2000-04-12 2009-11-11 トヨタ自動車株式会社 車両のピラー部構造
DE10314035B4 (de) * 2003-03-28 2011-08-11 Dr. Ing. h.c. F. Porsche Aktiengesellschaft, 70435 Scharniersäule einer Kraftwagenkarosserie, insbesondere einer Karosserie für einen Personenkraftwagen
US6979052B2 (en) * 2003-09-09 2005-12-27 Autoliv Asp, Inc. Energy absorption bracket
DE102004009665B4 (de) * 2004-02-27 2006-02-02 Benteler Automobiltechnik Gmbh A-Säule für eine Kraftfahrzeugkarosserie
FR2885583A1 (fr) * 2005-05-12 2006-11-17 Livbag Soc Par Actions Simplif Dispositif de renforcement d'un element creux de carrosserie et procede correspondant
FR2889503B1 (fr) * 2005-08-02 2007-09-14 Peugeot Citroen Automobiles Sa Montant de baie pour une structure de caisse d'un vehicule automobile et procede d'assemblage d'un tel montant de baie
US7631928B2 (en) * 2007-11-09 2009-12-15 Toyota Motor Engineering & Manufacturing North America, Inc. Vehicle hood reinforcement structures
FR2946309B1 (fr) * 2009-06-04 2011-06-10 Peugeot Citroen Automobiles Sa Pied avant de vehicule automobile comprenant une zone deformable en cas de choc frontal et vehicule equipe de tels pieds avant
DE102011119105A1 (de) * 2011-11-22 2013-05-23 GM Global Technology Operations LLC (n. d. Gesetzen des Staates Delaware) Kraftfahrzeug mit nachgiebiger Frontscheibe
US9481320B2 (en) * 2014-08-07 2016-11-01 Honda Motor Co., Ltd. Front pillar exterior garnish for a vehicle body
JP6202028B2 (ja) 2015-03-24 2017-09-27 トヨタ自動車株式会社 周辺情報検出センサの配設構造及び自動運転車両
CN106080791A (zh) * 2016-07-16 2016-11-09 李德生 透明侧视丩型边槽门框及连接方法
CN110997465B (zh) * 2017-08-08 2024-03-26 标致雪铁龙汽车股份有限公司 具有前立柱组件的车辆

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Cited By (21)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20040159481A1 (en) * 2001-09-05 2004-08-19 L&L Products, Inc. Adjustable reinforced structural assembly and method of use therefor
US6880657B2 (en) * 2001-09-05 2005-04-19 L&L Products Inc. Adjustable reinforced structural assembly and method of use therefor
US20050035630A1 (en) * 2001-10-19 2005-02-17 Uwe Berstecher Lateral wall module for the body of a motor vehicle
US7032959B2 (en) * 2001-10-19 2006-04-25 Daimlerchrysler Ag Lateral wall module for the body of a motor vehicle
US20060107528A1 (en) * 2001-10-19 2006-05-25 Uwe Berstecher Lateral wall module for the body of a motor vehicle
US7328421B1 (en) * 2005-02-17 2008-02-05 Xilinx, Inc. Relocating blocks for netlist generation of an electronic system
US8381403B2 (en) 2005-05-25 2013-02-26 Zephyros, Inc. Baffle for an automotive vehicle and method of use therefor
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KR100521756B1 (ko) 2005-10-17
US20020057003A1 (en) 2002-05-16
GB2342077A (en) 2000-04-05
JPH11342863A (ja) 1999-12-14
CA2297928C (en) 2006-10-17
GB2342077B (en) 2002-06-05
KR20010022298A (ko) 2001-03-15
CN1272822A (zh) 2000-11-08
CA2297928A1 (en) 1999-12-09
GB0001331D0 (en) 2000-03-08
CN1131805C (zh) 2003-12-24
DE19981166T1 (de) 2000-11-16
JP4112685B2 (ja) 2008-07-02
DE19981166B4 (de) 2007-11-15
WO1999062755A1 (en) 1999-12-09

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