US20100075132A1 - Blends of block copolymer and acrylic adhesives - Google Patents

Blends of block copolymer and acrylic adhesives Download PDF

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Publication number
US20100075132A1
US20100075132A1 US12/514,865 US51486507A US2010075132A1 US 20100075132 A1 US20100075132 A1 US 20100075132A1 US 51486507 A US51486507 A US 51486507A US 2010075132 A1 US2010075132 A1 US 2010075132A1
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United States
Prior art keywords
block
block copolymer
pressure sensitive
sensitive adhesive
tackifier
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Abandoned
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US12/514,865
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English (en)
Inventor
Robert D. Waid
Panu K. Zoller
Gregory B. Gadbois
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3M Innovative Properties Co
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3M Innovative Properties Co
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Priority to US12/514,865 priority Critical patent/US20100075132A1/en
Assigned to 3M INNOVATIVE PROPERTIES COMPANY reassignment 3M INNOVATIVE PROPERTIES COMPANY ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: GADBOIS, GREGORY B., WAID, ROBERT D., ZOLLER, PANU K.
Publication of US20100075132A1 publication Critical patent/US20100075132A1/en
Abandoned legal-status Critical Current

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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
    • C09J153/00—Adhesives based on block copolymers containing at least one sequence of a polymer obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds; Adhesives based on derivatives of such polymers
    • C09J153/02—Vinyl aromatic monomers and conjugated dienes
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    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C35/00—Heating, cooling or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanising; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C35/02—Heating or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanizing during moulding, e.g. in a mould
    • B29C35/08—Heating or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanizing during moulding, e.g. in a mould by wave energy or particle radiation
    • B29C35/10—Heating or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanizing during moulding, e.g. in a mould by wave energy or particle radiation for articles of indefinite length
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    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/001—Combinations of extrusion moulding with other shaping operations
    • B29C48/0021—Combinations of extrusion moulding with other shaping operations combined with joining, lining or laminating
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C48/18—Articles comprising two or more components, e.g. co-extruded layers the components being layers
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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    • C09J133/00—Adhesives based on homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical, or of salts, anhydrides, esters, amides, imides, or nitriles thereof; Adhesives based on derivatives of such polymers
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
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    • C09J7/20—Adhesives in the form of films or foils characterised by their carriers
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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    • B29K2033/00—Use of polymers of unsaturated acids or derivatives thereof as moulding material
    • B29K2033/04—Polymers of esters
    • B29K2033/12—Polymers of methacrylic acid esters, e.g. PMMA, i.e. polymethylmethacrylate
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    • B29K2096/00—Use of specified macromolecular materials not provided for in a single one of main groups B29K2001/00 - B29K2095/00, as moulding material
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    • B29K2105/00—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped
    • B29K2105/0002—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped monomers or prepolymers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
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    • C08L2205/02—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing two or more polymers of the same C08L -group
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    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
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    • C08L33/06—Homopolymers or copolymers of esters of esters containing only carbon, hydrogen and oxygen, which oxygen atoms are present only as part of the carboxyl radical
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    • C08L33/14—Homopolymers or copolymers of esters of esters containing halogen, nitrogen, sulfur, or oxygen atoms in addition to the carboxy oxygen
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
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    • C09J133/00—Adhesives based on homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical, or of salts, anhydrides, esters, amides, imides, or nitriles thereof; Adhesives based on derivatives of such polymers
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
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    • C09J133/00—Adhesives based on homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical, or of salts, anhydrides, esters, amides, imides, or nitriles thereof; Adhesives based on derivatives of such polymers
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
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    • C09J2453/00—Presence of block copolymer
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Definitions

  • the present disclosure relates to block copolymer-based adhesives. Particularly, acrylic modified, block copolymer pressure sensitive adhesives.
  • Adhesives and tapes are commonly used to bond two substrates together to form a bonded composite. While a vast array of adhesives and tapes are available, advances in substrates and end use requirements continues to drive a need for new adhesive formulations and tape constructions. In addition to performance properties, environmental regulations and processing costs also influence product formulation requirements. For example, in some applications it may be desirable to use a hot melt adhesive rather than a solvent-based adhesive.
  • the present disclosure provides a pressure sensitive adhesive composition comprising 92 to 99.9 parts of a block copolymer adhesive composition and 0.1 to less than 10 parts of an acrylic adhesive composition.
  • the block copolymer adhesive composition comprises a first block copolymer comprising (i) at least one rubbery block comprising a first polymerized conjugated diene, a hydrogenated derivative thereof, or combinations thereof; and (ii) at least one glassy block comprising a first polymerized monovinyl aromatic monomer.
  • the acrylic adhesive composition comprises 70 to 100 parts of at least one acrylic or methacrylic ester of a non-tertiary alkyl alcohol, wherein the non-tertiary alkyl alcohol contains 4 to 20 carbon atoms; and 0 to 30 parts of a copolymerized reinforcing monomer.
  • the first block copolymer is a multi-arm block copolymer of the formula Q n -Y, wherein Q represents an arm of the multi-arm block copolymer, n represents the number of arms and is a whole number of at least 3; and Y is the residue of a multifunctional coupling agent.
  • Each arm, Q independently has the formula R-G wherein R represents the rubbery block; and G represents the glassy block.
  • the first block copolymer is a polymodal, asymmetric star block copolymer.
  • the pressure sensitive adhesive further comprises a second block copolymer comprising at least one rubbery block comprising a polymerized second conjugated diene, a hydrogenated derivative thereof, or combinations thereof; and at least one glassy block comprising a second polymerized monovinyl aromatic monomer.
  • the second block copolymer is a linear block copolymer.
  • the pressure sensitive adhesive further comprises a first high Tg tackifier having a Tg of at least 60 degrees C., wherein the first high Tg tackifier is compatible with at least one rubbery block.
  • the block copolymer adhesive composition further comprises a second high Tg tackifier having a Tg of at least 60 degrees C., wherein the second high Tg tackifier is compatible with the at least one glassy block.
  • the pressure sensitive adhesive is a hot melt adhesive. In some embodiments, the pressure sensitive adhesive is a solvent-based adhesive.
  • the present disclosure provides a tape comprising a foam backing having a first major surface and a second major surface; and a first adhesive skin bonded to the first major surface, wherein the first adhesive skin comprises a first pressure sensitive adhesive according to any one of the preceding claims.
  • the tape further comprises a second adhesive skin bonded to the second major surface.
  • the backing is a foam backing
  • the foam comprises a thermoplastic foam.
  • the foam comprises a thermoset foam.
  • the present disclosure provides a method of making a tape.
  • the method comprises extruding a foam backing and coextruding a first pressure sensitive adhesive to form the first adhesive skin bonded to the first major surface of the foam backing
  • the method further comprises extruding a second adhesive to form a second adhesive skin bonded to the second major surface of the foam backing
  • the method comprises providing a foam backing, and applying a first adhesive composition comprising the first pressure sensitive adhesive to the first surface of the foam backing
  • applying the first adhesive composition comprises laminating.
  • applying the first adhesive composition comprises coating, optionally wherein the method further comprises crosslinking the first adhesive composition, optionally wherein crosslinking the first adhesive composition comprises radiation crosslinking
  • the present disclosure provides a bonded composite comprising a first substrate having a first surface; a second substrate having a second surface; and a bonding interface between the first surface of the first substrate and the second surface of the second substrate, wherein the bonding interface comprises a pressure sensitive adhesive according to the present disclosure.
  • the first surface has a surface energy of less than 35 dyne per centimeter.
  • FIG. 1 illustrates a tape according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 2 illustrates a bonded composite according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • the present disclosure provides a pressure sensitive adhesive composition comprising both a block copolymer adhesive composition and an acrylic adhesive composition.
  • the pressure sensitive adhesive further comprises one or more additional block copolymers, one or more tackifiers, other additives, and combinations thereof.
  • the pressure sensitive adhesive composition comprises at least about 90 parts, and in some embodiments, at least about 92 parts, and in some embodiments, at least about 96 parts of a block copolymer adhesive composition. In some embodiments, the pressure sensitive adhesive composition comprises no greater than about 99.9 parts, and in some embodiments, no greater than about 99 parts, or even no greater than about 98 parts of a block copolymer adhesive composition. In some embodiments, the pressure sensitive adhesive composition comprises 92 to 99.9 parts and, in some embodiments, 96 to 99 parts of a block copolymer adhesive composition.
  • the first block copolymer comprises a rubbery block, R, and at least one glassy block, G. In some embodiments, the first block copolymer comprises at least three glassy blocks. In some embodiments, the first block copolymer comprises between three and five glassy blocks, inclusive. In some embodiments, the first block copolymer comprises four glassy blocks.
  • the first block copolymer is a multi-arm block copolymer having the general formula Q n -Y, wherein Q represents an arm of the multi-arm block copolymer; n represents the number of arms and is a whole number of at least 3; and Y is the residue of a multifunctional coupling agent.
  • Each arm, Q independently has the formula R-G, wherein G represents the glassy block; and R represents the rubbery block.
  • a rubbery block exhibits a glass transition temperature (Tg) of less than room temperature.
  • Tg glass transition temperature
  • the Tg of the rubbery block is less than about 0° C., or even less than about ⁇ 10° C.
  • the Tg of the rubbery block is less than about ⁇ 40° C., or even less than about ⁇ 60° C.
  • a glassy block exhibits a Tg of greater than room temperature.
  • the Tg of the glassy block is at least about 40° C., at least about 60° C., at least about 80° C., or even at least about 100° C.
  • the rubbery block comprises a polymerized conjugated diene, a hydrogenated derivative of a polymerized conjugated diene, or combinations thereof.
  • the conjugated dienes comprise 4 to 12 carbon atoms.
  • Exemplary conjugated dienes include butadiene, isoprene, ethylbutadiene, phenylbutadiene, piperylene, pentadiene, hexadiene, ethylhexadiene, and dimethylbutadiene.
  • the polymerized conjugated dienes may be used individually or as copolymers with each other.
  • the conjugated diene is selected from the group consisting of isoprene, butadiene, ethylene butadiene copolymers, and combinations thereof.
  • At least one glassy block comprises a polymerized monovinyl aromatic monomer.
  • both glassy blocks of a triblock copolymer comprise a polymerized monovinyl aromatic monomer.
  • the monovinyl aromatic monomers comprise 8 to 18 carbon atoms.
  • Exemplary monovinyl aromatic monomers include styrene, vinylpyridine, vinyl toluene, alpha-methyl styrene, methyl styrene, dimethylstyrene, ethylstyrene, diethyl styrene, t-butylstyrene, di-n-butylstyrene, isopropylstyrene, other alkylated-styrenes, styrene analogs, and styrene homologs.
  • the monovinyl aromatic monomer is selected from the group consisting of styrene, styrene-compatible monomers or monomer blends, and combinations thereof.
  • styrene-compatible monomers or monomer blends refers to a monomer or blend of monomers, which may be polymerized or copolymerized, that preferentially associate with polystyrene or with the polystyrene endblocks of a block copolymer.
  • the compatibility can arise from actual copolymerization with monomeric styrene; solubility of the compatible monomer or blend, or polymerized monomer or blend in the polystyrene phase during hot melt or solvent processing; or association of the monomer or blend with the styrene-rich phase domain on standing after processing.
  • n represents the number of arms and is a whole number of at least 3, i.e., the multi-arm block copolymer is a star block copolymer.
  • n is ranges from 3-10.
  • n ranges from 3-5.
  • n is 4.
  • n is equal to 6 or more.
  • the first block copolymer is a polymodal block copolymer.
  • polymodal means that the copolymer comprises glassy blocks having at least two different molecular weights.
  • Such a block copolymer may also be characterized as having at least one “high” molecular weight glassy block, and at least one “low” molecular weight glassy block, wherein the terms high and low are used relative to each other.
  • the ratio of the number average molecular weight of the high molecular weight glassy block, (Mn) H , relative to the number average molecular weight of the low molecular weight glassy block, (Mn) L is at least about 1.25.
  • (Mn) H ranges from about 5,000 to about 50,000. In some embodiments, (Mn) H is at least about 8,000, and in some embodiments at least about 10,000. In some embodiments, (Mn) H is no greater than about 35,000. In some embodiments, (Mn) L ranges from about 1,000 to about 10,000. In some embodiments, (Mn) L is at least about 2,000, and, in some embodiments, at least about 4,000. In some embodiments, (Mn) L is less than about 9,000, and, in some embodiments, less than about 8,000.
  • the first block copolymer is an asymmetric block copolymer.
  • asymmetric means that the arms of the block copolymer are not all identical.
  • a polymodal block copolymer is an asymmetric block copolymer (i.e., a polymodal asymmetric block copolymer) as not all arms of a polymodal block copolymer are identical since the molecular weights of the glassy blocks are not all the same.
  • the block copolymers of the present disclosure are polymodal, asymmetric block copolymers. Methods of making asymmetric, polymodal block copolymers are described in, e.g., U.S. Pat. No. 5,296,547.
  • the multifunctional coupling agent may be any polyalkenyl coupling agent or other material known to have functional groups that can react with carbanions of the living polymer to form linked polymers.
  • the polyalkenyl coupling agent may be aliphatic, aromatic, or heterocyclic.
  • Exemplary aliphatic polyalkenyl coupling agents include polyvinyl and polyalkyl acetylenes, diacetylenes, phosphates, phosphites, and dimethacrylates (e.g., ethylene dimethacrylate).
  • Exemplary aromatic polyalkenyl coupling agents include polyvinyl benzene, polyvinyl toluene, polyvinyl xylene, polyvinyl anthracene, polyvinyl naphthalene, and divinyldurene.
  • Exemplary polyvinyl groups include divinyl, trivinyl, and tetravinyl groups.
  • divinylbenzene (DVB) may be used, and may include o- divinyl benzene, m-divinyl benzene, p-divinyl benzene, and mixtures thereof.
  • Exemplary heterocyclic polyalkenyl coupling agents include divinyl pyridine, and divinyl thiophene.
  • Other exemplary multifunctional coupling agents include silicon halides, polyepoxides, polyisocyanates, polyketones, polyanhydrides, and dicarboxylic acid esters.
  • the pressure sensitive adhesive compositions of the present disclosure comprise at least about 0.1 parts, in some embodiments, at least about 0.5 parts, at least about 1 part, or even at least about 2 parts of an acrylic adhesive composition. In some embodiments, the pressure sensitive adhesive compositions of the present disclosure comprise no greater than about 10 parts, in some embodiments, no greater than about 8 parts, no greater than about 5 parts, or even no greater than about 4 parts an acrylic adhesive composition.
  • the non-tertiary alkyl alcohol contains 4 to 20 carbon atoms.
  • exemplary acrylic acid esters include isooctyl acrylate, 2-ethylhexyl acrylate, butyl acrylate, isobornyl acrylate, and combinations thereof.
  • exemplary methacrylic acid esters include the methacrylate analogues of these acrylic acid esters.
  • the acrylic adhesive composition comprises the reaction product of at least one acrylic or methacrylic ester of a non-tertiary alkyl alcohol and, optionally, at least one copolymerized reinforcing monomer. In some embodiments, the acrylic adhesive composition comprises at least about 70 parts, in some embodiments, at least about 80 parts, at least about 90 parts, at least about 95 parts, or even about 100 parts of at least one acrylic or methacrylic ester of a non-tertiary alkyl alcohol.
  • acrylic adhesive composition comprises no greater than about 30 parts, in some embodiments, no greater than about 20 parts, no greater than about 10 parts, no greater than about 5 parts, and even no greater than 1 part of at least one copolymerized reinforcing monomer. In some embodiments, the acrylic adhesive composition does not include a copolymerized reinforcing monomer.
  • the copolymerized reinforcing monomer is selected from the group consisting of acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, 2-carboxyethyl acrylate, N,N′ dimethyl acrylamide, N,N' diethyl acrylamide, butyl carbamoyl ethyl acrylate, and combinations thereof.
  • the block copolymer adhesive composition comprises a second block copolymer.
  • the second block copolymer may be a linear block copolymer.
  • a linear block copolymer can be described by the formula
  • R represents a rubbery block
  • G represents a glassy block
  • m the number of glassy blocks, is 1 or 2.
  • m is one
  • the linear block copolymer is a diblock copolymer comprising one rubbery block and one glassy block.
  • m is two
  • the linear block copolymer comprises two glassy endblocks and one rubbery midblock, i.e., the linear block copolymer is a triblock copolymer.
  • the rubbery block of the second block copolymer comprises a polymerized conjugated diene, a hydrogenated derivative thereof, or combinations thereof.
  • the conjugated dienes comprise 4 to 12 carbon atoms.
  • Exemplary conjugated dienes useful in the second block copolymer include any of the exemplary conjugated dienes described above.
  • each glassy block of the second block copolymer comprises a polymerized monovinyl aromatic monomer.
  • the monovinyl aromatic monomers comprise 8 to 18 carbon atoms.
  • Exemplary polymerized monovinyl aromatic monomers useful in the second block copolymer include any of the exemplary polymerized monovinyl aromatic monomer, as described above.
  • block copolymer adhesive compositions of the present disclosure comprise a first high Tg tackifier having a glass transition temperature (Tg) of at least 60 degrees Celsius (° C.).
  • Tg glass transition temperature
  • the terms “high glass transition temperature tackifier” and “high Tg tackifier” refers to a tackifier having a glass transition temperature of at least 60° C.
  • the first high Tg tackifier has a Tg of at least 65° C., or even at least 70° C.
  • the first high Tg tackifier has a softening point of at least about 115° C., and, in some embodiments, at least about 120° C.
  • the first high Tg tackifier is primarily compatible with the rubbery block of the first block copolymer. In some embodiments, the first high Tg tackifier is also compatible with the rubbery block of the second block copolymer. In some embodiments, the first high Tg tackifier is primarily compatible with the rubbery block of the first and, optionally, the second block copolymer.
  • a tackifier is “compatible” with a block if it is miscible with that block.
  • the miscibility of a tackifier with a block can be determined by measuring the effect of the tackifier on the Tg of that block. If a tackifier is miscible with a block it will alter (e.g., increase) the Tg of that block.
  • a tackifier is “primarily compatible” with a block if it is at least miscible with that block, although it may also be miscible with other blocks.
  • a tackifier that is primarily compatible with a rubbery block will be miscible with the rubbery block, but may also be miscible with a glassy block.
  • tackifiers that are primarily compatible with the rubbery blocks include polymeric terpenes, hetero-functional terpenes, coumarone-indene resins, esters of rosin acids, disproportionated rosin acid esters, hydrogenated rosin acids, C5 aliphatic resins, C9 hydrogenated aromatic resins, C5/C9 aliphatic/aromatic resins, dicyclopentadiene resins, hydrogenated hydrocarbon resins arising from C5/C9 and dicyclopentadiene precursors, hydrogenated styrene monomer resins, and blends thereof.
  • the block copolymer adhesive compositions include a second high Tg tackifier that is primarily compatible with the glassy block(s) of the first block copolymer and, optionally, with the glassy block(s) of the second block copolymer.
  • a tackifier that is primarily compatible with a glassy block is miscible with the glassy block and may be miscible with a rubbery block.
  • tackifiers that are primarily compatible with the glassy blocks include coumarone-indene resins, rosin acids, esters of rosin acids, disproportionated rosin acid esters, C9 aromatics, alpha-methyl styrene, C9/C5 aromatic-modified aliphatic hydrocarbons, and blends thereof.
  • the pressure sensitive adhesives of the present disclosure further comprise at least one component selected from the group consisting of a low Tg tackifier, a plasticizer, and combinations thereof.
  • a low Tg tackifier refers to a tackifier having a glass transition temperature of less than 60° C.
  • Exemplary low Tg tackifiers include polybutenes.
  • a plasticizer is compatible with one or more blocks of the linear block copolymer, and/or one or more blocks of the multi-arm block copolymer.
  • a plasticizer that is compatible with a block will be miscible with that block and will lower the Tg of that block.
  • Exemplary plasticizers include naphthenic oils, liquid polybutene resins, polyisobutylene resins, and liquid isoprene polymers.
  • the ratio of multi-arm block copolymers to linear block copolymers ranges from 1.5:1 to 9:1. In some embodiments, the ratio of multi-arm block copolymers to linear block copolymer is at least 1.85:1, or even at least 3:1. In some embodiments, the ratio of multi-arm block copolymers to linear block copolymers is no greater than 5.7:1, or even no greater than 4:1.
  • the ratio of the total amount of high glass transition temperature tackifiers to block copolymers ranges from 0.8:1 to 1.25:1. In some embodiments, the ratio of the total amount of high Tg tackifiers to block copolymers is at least 0.85:1, or even at least 0.9:1. In some embodiments, the ratio of the total amount of high Tg tackifiers to block copolymers is no greater than 1.15:1, or even no greater that 1.1 to 1.
  • the ratio of the rubbery block compatible high Tg tackifier to the glassy block compatible high Tg tackifier is ranges from 1:1 to 9:1. In some embodiments, the ratio of the rubbery block compatible high Tg tackifier to the glassy block compatible high Tg tackifier is at least 1.25:1, or even at least 1.5:1. In some embodiments the ratio of the rubbery block compatible high Tg tackifier to the glassy block compatible high Tg tackifier is no greater than 4:1, or even no greater than 3:1.
  • the ratio of the combination of the block copolymers and high Tg tackifiers to the acrylate component is at least 8.3:1. In some embodiments, the ratio of the combination of the block copolymers and high Tg tackifiers to the acrylate component is at least 12.5:1, at least 22:1, at least 90:1, or even at least 180:1. In some embodiments, the pressure sensitive adhesive comprises no greater than 10% by weight of the acrylate component, in some embodiments, no greater than 8%, no greater than 4%, no greater than 1% or even no greater than 0.5% by weight.
  • the ratio of the combination of the block copolymers, high Tg tackifiers, and acrylate component to the liquid plasticizer ranges from 32:1 to 10:1. In some embodiments, the ratio of the combination of the block copolymers, high Tg tackifiers, and acrylate component to the liquid plasticizer is no great than 25:1, or even no greater than 20:1. In some embodiments, the ratio of the combination of the block copolymers, high Tg tackifiers, and acrylate component to the liquid plasticizer is at least 12.5:1.
  • the pressure sensitive adhesive of the present disclosure is a hot melt adhesive.
  • a hot melt adhesive is a polymer or blended polymeric material with a melt viscosity profile such that it can be coated on a substrate or carrier in a thin layer at a process temperature significantly above normal room temperature, but retains useful pressure-sensitive adhesive characteristics at room temperature.
  • the pressure-sensitive adhesive compositions of the present invention can be made using methods known in the art. For example, they can be made by dissolving the block copolymers, suitable tackifiers, any plasticizer(s), and any other additives in a suitable solvent, and coating onto a substrate (e.g., release liner, tape backing, core, or panel) using conventional means (e.g., knife coating, roll coating, gravure coating, rod coating, curtain coating, spray coating, air knife coating).
  • the pressure-sensitive adhesive is prepared in a substantially solvent-free process (i.e., the adhesive contain no greater than about 20 wt. % solvent, in some embodiments, no greater than about 10 wt.
  • substantially solvent-free processes include, e.g., compounding by calendaring or roll milling, and extruding (e.g., single. screw, twin screw, disk screw, reciprocating single screw, pin barrel single screw, etc.).
  • extruding e.g., single. screw, twin screw, disk screw, reciprocating single screw, pin barrel single screw, etc.
  • Commercially available equipment such as BRABENDER or BANBURY internal mixers are also available to batch mix the adhesive compositions. After compounding, the adhesive may be coated through a die into a desired form, such as a layer of adhesive, or it may be collected for forming at a later time.
  • the present disclosure provides a tape comprising a backing and a pressure sensitive skin adhesive bonded to at least one major surface of the backing
  • the tape comprises a core and a skin adhesive bonded to both major surfaces of the core, wherein at least one skin adhesive is a pressure sensitive adhesive.
  • both skin adhesives are pressure sensitive adhesives.
  • both skin adhesives are the same adhesive.
  • the skin adhesives are different adhesives.
  • core may be used interchangeably with the term “backing” when referring to a double-sided tape construction, i.e., a tape construction having an adhesive layer on both major surfaces of the backing or core.
  • At least one skin adhesive of the tapes of the present disclosure is a pressure sensitive adhesive comprising a blend of a block copolymer adhesive composition and an acrylic adhesive composition, as described herein.
  • the second skin adhesive may be a heat-activated adhesive.
  • both skin adhesives are pressure sensitive adhesives comprising a blend of a block copolymer adhesive composition and an acrylic adhesive composition, as described herein.
  • one or more of the skin adhesive may be directly bonded to a major surface of a backing or core. In some embodiments, one or more of the skin adhesives may be indirectly bonded to a major surface of a backing or core. In some embodiments, e.g., a primer layer may be interposed between the skin adhesive and the major surface.
  • Useful primers are generally known and include, e.g., the primers described in U.S. Pat. No. 5,677,376 (Groves) and U.S. Pat. No. 5,605,964 (Groves).
  • any known backing or core may be used.
  • Exemplary backings include papers and polymeric films (e.g., polyethylene, polyurethane, polyester, and polypropylene), metal foils, and woven and non-woven webs.
  • a backing or core comprising a foam may be used, e.g., open cell foams or closed cell foams.
  • the foam may comprise thermoplastic foam.
  • the foam may comprise a thermoset foam.
  • Exemplary foams include acrylic foams, polyethylene foams, and polyurethane foams. Exemplary foams are also described in, e.g., the Handbook of Polymer Foams, David Eaves, editor, published by Shawbury, Shrewsbury, Shropshire, UK: Rapra Technology, 2004.
  • exemplary tape 10 comprises backing (or core) 30 and two adhesive layers.
  • First adhesive layer 20 is bonded to first major surface 31 of backing 30
  • second adhesive layer 40 is bonded to second major surface 32 of backing 30 .
  • both first adhesive layer 20 and second adhesive layer 40 are directly bonded a major surface of backing 30 .
  • one or both adhesive layer may be indirectly bonded to backing 30 .
  • one or more additional layers e.g., primers, adhesion promoting layers, films, webs, scrims, and the like
  • additional layers e.g., primers, adhesion promoting layers, films, webs, scrims, and the like
  • a bonded composite comprises a first substrate having a first major surface and a second substrate having a first major surface, wherein the first major surface of the first substrate is bonded to the first major surface of the second substrate via a bonding interface.
  • the bonding interface comprises a core having a first skin adhesive bonded to the first major surface of the core and a second skin adhesive bonded to the second major surface of the core.
  • At least one skin adhesive of the bonding interface of the present disclosure is a pressure sensitive adhesive comprising a blend of a block copolymer adhesive composition and an acrylic adhesive composition, as described herein.
  • both skin adhesives are pressure sensitive adhesives comprising a blend of a block copolymer adhesive composition and an acrylic adhesive composition, as described herein.
  • the first substrate comprises metal, glass, ceramic, or polymeric materials, and combinations thereof.
  • the first substrate includes a primed, painted, or polymeric surface.
  • the painted surface may comprise an automotive paint or clearcoat.
  • the first major surface of the first substrate is a low surface energy surface.
  • a low surface energy surface means a surface with a measured surface energy below approximately 35 dyne per centimeter.
  • the surface energy of a surface may be tested according to ASTM Standard D2578. Suitable test kits include, e.g., the ACCU-DYNE surface wetability kit, available from Diversified Enterprises, Claremont, N.H.
  • the second substrate comprises metal, glass, ceramic, or polymeric materials, and combinations thereof.
  • the second substrate includes a primed, painted, or polymeric surface.
  • the painted surface may comprise an automotive paint or clearcoat.
  • the first major surface of the second substrate is a low surface energy surface.
  • the core of the bonding interface comprises a foam, e.g., an open cell foams or a closed cell foams.
  • the foam comprises a thermoplastic foam.
  • the foam comprises a thermoset foam.
  • the foam comprises an acrylic foam.
  • the foam is a flexible foam.
  • a flexible foam is a foam which, when in sheet form, can be bent back upon itself with out fracturing. Exemplary foams are described in, e.g., the Handbook of Polymer Foams, David Eaves, editor, published by Shawbury, Shrewsbury, Shropshire, UK: Rapra Technology, 2004.
  • exemplary bonded composite 50 comprises first substrate 60 bonded to second substrate 70 via bonding interface 110 .
  • Bonding interface 110 comprises a tape comprising backing (or core) 130 and two adhesive layers.
  • First adhesive layer 120 is bonded to a first major surface of backing 130
  • second adhesive layer 140 is bonded to a second major surface of backing 130 .
  • both first adhesive layer 120 and second adhesive layer 140 are directly bonded a major surface of backing 130 .
  • one or both adhesive layer may be indirectly bonded to backing 130 .
  • first adhesive layer 120 is bonded directly to major surface 61 of first substrate 60 .
  • second adhesive layer 140 is directly bonded to major surface 71 of second substrate 70 .
  • one or both adhesive layers may be indirectly bonded to a major surface of a substrate.
  • one or more additional layers e.g., primers, adhesion promoting layers, films, webs, scrims, and the like may be interposed between an adhesive layer and a substrate.
  • the present disclosure provides methods of making a tape comprising a backing or a core, wherein the backing or the core comprises a foam, such as those described above.
  • the tape comprises at least one skin adhesive, wherein at least one skin adhesive is a pressure sensitive adhesive comprising a blend of a block copolymer adhesive composition and an acrylic adhesive composition, as described herein.
  • the method comprises extruding a foam. In some embodiments, the method further comprises extruding at least one skin adhesive. In some embodiments, the foam and at least one skin adhesive are co-extruded. Methods of extruding polymeric foams and methods of coextruding polymer foams and skin adhesives are described, e.g., in U.S. Pat. No. 6,103,152 (Gehlsen et al.) and U.S. Pat. No. 6,630,531 (Khandpur et al.), both of which are assigned to the present assignee, and are herein incorporated by reference in their entireties.
  • the method of making foam core tapes comprises extruding a foam core and coextruding a first pressure sensitive adhesive as described herein to form a first adhesive skin bonded to the first major surface of the foam core. In some embodiments, the method further comprises extruding a second adhesive to form a second adhesive skin bonded to the second major surface of the foam core.
  • the method of making foam core tapes comprises providing the foam core, which may have been produced by extrusion or any other known means, and applying a first adhesive composition comprising a first pressure sensitive adhesive as described herein to the first surface of the foam core.
  • the first adhesive composition may be applied by, e.g., laminating or coating (e.g., knife coating, roll coating, gravure coating, rod coating, curtain coating, spray coating, or air knife coating).
  • the second adhesive may be independently extruded or co-extruded with the foam and/or the first adhesive. In some embodiments, the second adhesive may be applied to the foam core by, e.g., laminating or coating.
  • the first and/or second adhesive may be cured. Any known curing processes may be used, e.g., thermal curing and radiation curing. In some embodiments, one or both adhesives may crosslinked via exposure to actinic radiation, e.g., electron beam radiation or ultraviolet radiation.
  • actinic radiation e.g., electron beam radiation or ultraviolet radiation.
  • Acrylic Polymer 1 (AP-1) was prepared by mixing 45 parts of IOA; 45 parts of BA; 10 parts of AA; 0.15 part IRGACURE 651; and 0.06 part of IOTG.
  • Discreet film packages were formed from a packaging film (0.0635 mm thick ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer film sold as VA-24 Film from CT Film, Dallas, Tex.).
  • the AP-1 composition was sealed into the film packages, which measured approximately 10 centimeters (cm) by 5 cm by 0.5 cm thick. While immersed in a water bath maintained between about 21° C.
  • the packages were exposed to ultraviolet (UV) radiation having an intensity of about 3.5 milliWatts per square centimeter (mW/sq cm), and a total energy of about 1680 milliJoules per square centimeter (mJ/sq cm) as measured in NIST units.
  • UV radiation having an intensity of about 3.5 milliWatts per square centimeter (mW/sq cm), and a total energy of about 1680 milliJoules per square centimeter (mJ/sq cm) as measured in NIST units.
  • Acrylic Polymer 2 (AP-2) was prepared according to the procedure for AP-1, except that 85 parts of 2-EHA; 15 parts of AA; 0.15 parts of IRGACURE 651; and 0.8 part IOTG were used.
  • Acrylic Polymer 3 (AP-3) was prepared according to the procedure for Acrylic Polymer 1 except that the composition was 95 parts of 2-EHA; 5 parts of AA; 0.15 part IRGACURE 651; and 0.03 part of IOTG.
  • AP-2 and AP-3 were placed in packages and exposed to UV energy, according to the procedure for AP-1.
  • Pressure-sensitive adhesives according to the compositions shown in Table 2 were compounded using a 60 mm, co-rotating twin screw extruder (available from Berstorff), (the “first adhesive extruder”).
  • a polymodal, asymmetric star block copolymer (“PASBC”) was prepared according to U.S. Pat. No. 5,393,373, the subject matter of which is hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety.
  • the polymer had number average molecular weights of about 4,000 Dalton and about 21,500 Dalton for the two endblocks, 127,000-147,000 Dalton for the arm, and about 1,100,000 Dalton for the star measured by SEC (size exclusion chromatography) calibrated using polystyrene standards.
  • the polystyrene content was between 9.5 and 11.5 percent by weight.
  • the mole percentage of high molecular weight arms was estimated to be about 30%.
  • the polymodal asymmetric block copolymer and a linear styrene-isoprene-styrene (SIS) block copolymer (KRATON 1161-D) were dry fed into the first zone of the first adhesive extruder.
  • SIS linear styrene-isoprene-styrene
  • SIS linear styrene-isoprene-styrene block copolymer
  • Pressure-sensitive adhesives according to the compositions shown in Table 3 were compounded in the first adhesive extruder, as described above for first skin adhesive Adh-1, with the following exception. These adhesives of these comparative examples did not contain an acrylic polymer; therefore, no acrylic polymer was fed in to the second zone of the extruder.
  • Comparative first skin adhesive compositions (Weight Percent). Comparative first skin adhesive CE-1 CE-2 CE-3 PASBC* 31.80 33.19 31.80 Kraton 1161-D 13.63 14.23 13.63 Regalite R1125 26.98 32.89 26.98 Cumar 130 17.99 10.97 17.99 Nyplast 222B 6.50 5.50 0 Indopol H-8 0 0 6.50 IRGANOX 1010 1.36 1.42 1.36 TINUVIN 328 1.36 1.42 1.36 CMB 4900 0.38 0.38 0.38 *Polymodal, asymmetric star block copolymer
  • a pressure sensitive adhesive was compounded in a 60 mm, co-rotating twin screw extruder (available from Berstorff) (the “second adhesive extruder”) in a similar manner as described for the first skin adhesives, except that the composition was as follows: 12.70% of the polymodal, asymmetric star block copolymer (PASBC); 53.10% (by weight) AP-1; 23.30% tackifying resin (ESCOREZ 1310LC); 3.80% tackifying resin (SUPERESTER W115; 6.20% plasticizer (SANTICIZER 141); 0.26% antioxidant (IRGANOX 1010); and 0.25% ultraviolet light absorber (TINUVIN 328).
  • PASBC asymmetric star block copolymer
  • ESCOREZ 1310LC 23.30% tackifying resin
  • SANTICIZER 141 plasticizer
  • IRGANOX 1010 0.26% antioxidant
  • TINUVIN 328 0.25% ultraviolet light absorber
  • Foam cores FC1-FC-5) having the compositions shown in Table 4 were compounded according to the following procedure.
  • Black pigmented EVA (4900 CMB) was dry fed in to the first zone of a 90 mm, co-rotating twin screw extruder (the “core extruder”) (available from Berstorff, Hannover, Germany).
  • the core extruder co-rotating twin screw extruder
  • both acrylic polymers AP-2 and AP-3 were heated and fed into the second zone of the core extruder.
  • DUALITE U010-185D expandable microspheres (expandable microspheres having a shell composition containing acrylonitrile and methacrylonitrile and a core of isopentane, available from Henkel Corporation (Gulph Mills, Pa.)) were fed into the ninth zone of the core extruder.
  • Three-layer co-extruded tape samples were prepared by coextruding a first skin adhesive layer, a foam core layer as the middle layer, and a second skin adhesive layer.
  • Examples 1-11 use exemplary adhesives according to some embodiments of the present disclosure (Adh-1 through Adh-11).
  • Reference examples 1-3 use comparative adhesive CE-1 through CE-3.
  • the tape constructions are described in Table 5.
  • the second skin adhesive was compounded in the second adhesive extruder, as described above, and fed through an outer layer of a three-layer, multi-manifold film die obtained from Cloeren Inc. (Orange, Tex.).
  • a foam core layer was compounded in the core extruder, as described above, and fed to the center layer of the three-layer die.
  • a first skin adhesive was compounded in the first adhesive extruder, as described above, and fed to the outer layer of the three-layer die, opposite the second skin adhesive.
  • the co-extruded layers were cast onto a silicone release coated casting roll.
  • the roll was cooled with water having a temperature of about 12° C.
  • the cooled extrudate was transferred from the casting roll to a 0.117 mm thick two-side silicone coated polyethylene release liner that was transported at the same speed as the casting roll to the end of the web transport line.
  • the first skin adhesive was in contact with the liner after the transfer whereas the second skin adhesive was open to the air.
  • the liner had differential release properties which allow the tape to be unrolled after winding without liner confusion.
  • Release liners are well-known in the art, and any known release liner may be used.
  • the release liner comprises a film or paper substrate coated with a release material.
  • release liners include, but are not limited to, silicone coated papers, and silicone coated films, such as polyester films. Suitable release liners are also disclosed in U.S. Pat. Nos. 6,835,422; 6,805,933; 6,780,484; and 6,204,350 assigned to 3M Innovative Properties Company.
  • the foam core and both adhesive skins were crosslinked on-web using electron beam curing while supported on the liner. Two sequential irradiation steps acting on opposite faces of the tape were employed. The first skin adhesive was irradiated through the polyethylene liner, whereas the second skin adhesive was irradiated in an open-face condition.
  • the electron beam units were BROADBAND curtain-type electron beam processors (PCT Engineered Systems, LLC., Davenport, Iowa), operated according the acceleration voltage and dose conditions provided in Table 5.
  • the cured adhesive tapes were tested for adhesion to low surface energy automotive paints according to the “Breakaway and Continuous Peel Adhesion” (BACP), METHOD described in Ford Motor Co. Specification WSB-M3G138-B.
  • Tensile testing was carried out using an MTS Model 1122 tensile tester (MTS Systems Corp., Eden Prairie, Minn.) equipped with TestWorks 4 software programmed to calculate the breakaway load value, averaged continuous peel value, and total energy.
  • test surfaces were steel panels painted with automotive paint systems comprising a base electrocoat, pigmented basecoat, and a low surface energy, carbamate-crosslinked unpigmented acrylic-based clearcoat.
  • the experimental tapes were adhered to the clearcoat for testing.
  • Test Surface 1 had a measured surface energy (Accu-Dyne solutions) of 33 dynes/cm
  • Test Surface 2 had a measured surface energy of 32 dynes/cm.
  • the samples were conditioned prior to testing. First, the samples were conditioned at room temperature for three days. Next, the samples were conditioned at 38° C. and 100% relative humidity for six days. Four samples were tested for each tape, and the average result is reported in Table 6. The observed failure mode(s) for each set of samples is also reported in Table 6.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Adhesives Or Adhesive Processes (AREA)
  • Adhesive Tapes (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
  • Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
  • Graft Or Block Polymers (AREA)
  • Paints Or Removers (AREA)
US12/514,865 2006-12-07 2007-11-06 Blends of block copolymer and acrylic adhesives Abandoned US20100075132A1 (en)

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CA2671436C (en) 2015-03-24
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JP2020125480A (ja) 2020-08-20
KR101605906B1 (ko) 2016-03-23
EP2094803A4 (en) 2010-01-20
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US20140377535A1 (en) 2014-12-25
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US9556367B2 (en) 2017-01-31
JP6865876B2 (ja) 2021-04-28
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JP6338552B2 (ja) 2018-06-06
US20140377533A1 (en) 2014-12-25
KR20090094441A (ko) 2009-09-07
JP2014080625A (ja) 2014-05-08
BRPI0720155A2 (pt) 2014-02-04
CA2671436A1 (en) 2008-06-12
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EP2474587A1 (en) 2012-07-11
CN101547989B (zh) 2011-07-06

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