US20030140941A1 - CVD apparatus - Google Patents
CVD apparatus Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US20030140941A1 US20030140941A1 US10/339,631 US33963103A US2003140941A1 US 20030140941 A1 US20030140941 A1 US 20030140941A1 US 33963103 A US33963103 A US 33963103A US 2003140941 A1 US2003140941 A1 US 2003140941A1
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- cart
- cvd
- reaction chamber
- deposited
- film
- Prior art date
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- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 238000005268 plasma chemical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 17
- 229910000077 silane Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052814 silicon oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- BOTDANWDWHJENH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetraethyl orthosilicate Chemical compound CCO[Si](OCC)(OCC)OCC BOTDANWDWHJENH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000005229 chemical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 description 21
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 description 7
- QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N mercury Chemical group [Hg] QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052753 mercury Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 229910052581 Si3N4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000005530 etching Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910052681 coesite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000000112 cooling gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052906 cristobalite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000004544 sputter deposition Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052682 stishovite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910052905 tridymite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BLRPTPMANUNPDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silane Chemical compound [SiH4] BLRPTPMANUNPDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052909 inorganic silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon nitride Chemical compound N12[Si]34N5[Si]62N3[Si]51N64 HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910020776 SixNy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- IZJSTXINDUKPRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum lead Chemical compound [Al].[Pb] IZJSTXINDUKPRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000001505 atmospheric-pressure chemical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910001873 dinitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-ZSJDYOACSA-N heavy water Substances [2H]O[2H] XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-ZSJDYOACSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001788 irregular Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002161 passivation Methods 0.000 description 1
- SCABQASLNUQUKD-UHFFFAOYSA-N silylium Chemical compound [SiH3+] SCABQASLNUQUKD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000002230 thermal chemical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
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- H01L21/02107—Forming insulating materials on a substrate
- H01L21/02109—Forming insulating materials on a substrate characterised by the type of layer, e.g. type of material, porous/non-porous, pre-cursors, mixtures or laminates
- H01L21/02112—Forming insulating materials on a substrate characterised by the type of layer, e.g. type of material, porous/non-porous, pre-cursors, mixtures or laminates characterised by the material of the layer
- H01L21/02123—Forming insulating materials on a substrate characterised by the type of layer, e.g. type of material, porous/non-porous, pre-cursors, mixtures or laminates characterised by the material of the layer the material containing silicon
- H01L21/02164—Forming insulating materials on a substrate characterised by the type of layer, e.g. type of material, porous/non-porous, pre-cursors, mixtures or laminates characterised by the material of the layer the material containing silicon the material being a silicon oxide, e.g. SiO2
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- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C14/00—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material
- C23C14/22—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material characterised by the process of coating
- C23C14/24—Vacuum evaporation
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- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C16/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes
- C23C16/02—Pretreatment of the material to be coated
- C23C16/0227—Pretreatment of the material to be coated by cleaning or etching
- C23C16/0245—Pretreatment of the material to be coated by cleaning or etching by etching with a plasma
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- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C16/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes
- C23C16/22—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the deposition of inorganic material, other than metallic material
- C23C16/30—Deposition of compounds, mixtures or solid solutions, e.g. borides, carbides, nitrides
- C23C16/40—Oxides
- C23C16/401—Oxides containing silicon
- C23C16/402—Silicon dioxide
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- C23C16/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes
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- C23C16/4401—Means for minimising impurities, e.g. dust, moisture or residual gas, in the reaction chamber
- C23C16/4405—Cleaning of reactor or parts inside the reactor by using reactive gases
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- C23C16/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes
- C23C16/44—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the method of coating
- C23C16/48—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the method of coating by irradiation, e.g. photolysis, radiolysis, particle radiation
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- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C16/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes
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- C23C16/48—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the method of coating by irradiation, e.g. photolysis, radiolysis, particle radiation
- C23C16/482—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the method of coating by irradiation, e.g. photolysis, radiolysis, particle radiation using incoherent light, UV to IR, e.g. lamps
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- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C16/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes
- C23C16/44—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the method of coating
- C23C16/48—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the method of coating by irradiation, e.g. photolysis, radiolysis, particle radiation
- C23C16/488—Protection of windows for introduction of radiation into the coating chamber
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- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C16/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes
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- C23C16/50—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the method of coating using electric discharges
- C23C16/517—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the method of coating using electric discharges using a combination of discharges covered by two or more of groups C23C16/503 - C23C16/515
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- C23C16/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes
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- H01L21/04—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having potential barriers, e.g. a PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer
- H01L21/18—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having potential barriers, e.g. a PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer the devices having semiconductor bodies comprising elements of Group IV of the Periodic Table or AIIIBV compounds with or without impurities, e.g. doping materials
- H01L21/30—Treatment of semiconductor bodies using processes or apparatus not provided for in groups H01L21/20 - H01L21/26
- H01L21/31—Treatment of semiconductor bodies using processes or apparatus not provided for in groups H01L21/20 - H01L21/26 to form insulating layers thereon, e.g. for masking or by using photolithographic techniques; After treatment of these layers; Selection of materials for these layers
- H01L21/314—Inorganic layers
- H01L21/316—Inorganic layers composed of oxides or glassy oxides or oxide based glass
- H01L21/31604—Deposition from a gas or vapour
- H01L21/31608—Deposition of SiO2
- H01L21/31612—Deposition of SiO2 on a silicon body
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02104—Forming layers
- H01L21/02107—Forming insulating materials on a substrate
- H01L21/02109—Forming insulating materials on a substrate characterised by the type of layer, e.g. type of material, porous/non-porous, pre-cursors, mixtures or laminates
- H01L21/02112—Forming insulating materials on a substrate characterised by the type of layer, e.g. type of material, porous/non-porous, pre-cursors, mixtures or laminates characterised by the material of the layer
- H01L21/02123—Forming insulating materials on a substrate characterised by the type of layer, e.g. type of material, porous/non-porous, pre-cursors, mixtures or laminates characterised by the material of the layer the material containing silicon
- H01L21/02126—Forming insulating materials on a substrate characterised by the type of layer, e.g. type of material, porous/non-porous, pre-cursors, mixtures or laminates characterised by the material of the layer the material containing silicon the material containing Si, O, and at least one of H, N, C, F, or other non-metal elements, e.g. SiOC, SiOC:H or SiONC
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S148/00—Metal treatment
- Y10S148/017—Clean surfaces
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S148/00—Metal treatment
- Y10S148/043—Dual dielectric
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S148/00—Metal treatment
- Y10S148/045—Electric field
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S438/00—Semiconductor device manufacturing: process
- Y10S438/905—Cleaning of reaction chamber
Definitions
- the invention relates to a photo enhanced CVD apparatus.
- CVD chemical vapor deposition
- Photo enhanced CVD process has attracted the interest of artisans because it can be carried out at a comparatively low temperature. This process is based on the energy of light, namely an optical reaction is carried out. For example, in the case of photo CVD process using silane and ammonia, mercury atoms are excited by irradiation of ultraviolet light of 2,537 ⁇ in wavelength. The process is carried out to deposit a silicon nitride film on a substrate in accordance with the following equation:
- FIG. 1 is a cross-section view showing a photo CVD apparatus which has been devised by the inventors in advance of the present invention. To facilitate the understanding of the background of the present invention, this apparatus will be briefly explained.
- the apparatus comprises a reaction chamber 31 , light source chambers 39 and ultraviolet light sources 41 .
- a cart 35 is mounted so as to be capable of moving in the direction perpendicular to the drawing sheet.
- the cart is provided with heaters 37 to heat substrates mounted on the external surfaces of the cart 35 facing to the light source chambers 39 .
- the temperature of the substrates 33 is elevated to about 200° C. which is suitable for forming a silicon nitride film.
- a process gas In the reaction chamber 31 is circulated a process gas at a pressure of several Torrs.
- the process gas is irradiated through quartz windows 47 with light radiated from the light source 41 .
- a numeral 45 designates electrodes by virtue of which discharge takes place with the cart as the other electrode and undesired product deposited on the surface of the quartz windows 47 can be eliminated by sputtering.
- the thickness of deposited film depends on th spatial relationship between the light sources and the position of the substrates. Namely, the product of the CVD process may be deposited with a greater thickness at the position irradiated with stronger light. Generally speaking, the tolerable fluctuation of the thickness of the film is about 10%.
- the quartz windows 47 have to be thick to bear the differential pressure between the inside of the reaction chamber 31 and the light source chamber 39 in which cooling gas is circulated. The differential pressure may cause leakage of the cooling gas from the light source chamber 39 into the reaction chamber 31 .
- a particular cooling system may be provided for the light source chamber so the pressure in the light source chamber, and therefore the differential pressure, can be decreased.
- FIG. 1 is a cross-section view of an example of a photo CVD apparatus.
- FIG. 2 is a cross-section view showing an embodiment of the invention.
- FIG. 3 is a cross-section view taken along a III-III line of FIG. 2.
- FIG. 4 is a cross-section view showing another embodiment of the invention.
- FIGS. 5 (A) to 5 (C) are graphical diagrams showing the distributions of the intensity on substrates mounted on prism-shaped substrate holder having cross-sections of regular polygons of 6, 12, and 24 sides.
- FIGS. 6 (A) to 6 (C) and FIG. 7 are section views showing the process of an example of CVD in accordance with this invention.
- the apparatus 1 comprises a reaction chamber 3 , a hexagonal cart as a substrate holder having six lateral faces on which substrates 15 are mounted, a driving device 9 with a motor 21 for rotating the cart 7 around its axis, a plurality of quartz tubes 17 , which may be alternatingly provided of different diameters, on the inside of the reaction chamber 3 , with one end of each tube at a constant angular distance around the cart 7 and with the other end of each tube being closed, mercury lamps 19 provided in and housed air-tightly by the quartz tube respectively, halogen lamp heaters 23 arranged along the axial direction, a process gas introduction system 11 , and an exhaustion system 13 .
- a cooling gas such as nitrogen gas.
- the cart is preferentially removable from the driving device so that substrates can be mounted outside the reaction chamber 3 .
- FIG. 4 another embodiment of the invention is illustrated.
- This embodiment is same as the preceding embodiment except for the number of side faces of a cart and provision of an electrode 49 in the form of a cylindrical wire net disposed between the cart 7 and the reaction chamber 3 .
- the cart has twelve side faces each capable of holding two substrates.
- the electrode 49 is used both for generating plasma gas by discharging between itself and the cart 7 , and for carrying our etching eliminating unnecessary product deposited on the inside wall of the reaction chamber 3 , the external surfaces of the light sources 5 and so forth.
- the electrode 49 can be placed between the light sources 5 and the cart 7 instead.
- Plasma CVD may be implemented simultaneously by causing discharge during photo CVD process, or may be implemented after deposition by photo CVD. Plasma CVD is carried out, e.g., using TEOS (tetra-ethyl-oxy-silane) in accordance with the following equations:
- FIGS. 5 (A) to 5 (C) are graphical diagrams showing the distributions of the intensity on substrates mounted on prism-shaped substrate holders having cross-sections of regular polygons of 6, 12 and 24 sides.
- the abscissa is the distance of the measuring point from the center of a substrate
- the ordinate is the intensity normalized with reference to the maximum intensity measured on the substrate.
- the distribution of the intensity becomes more uniform as the number of the faces increases.
- the intensity fluctuates over the irradiated surface at larger than 10% in the case of the cart having six faces, while the fluctuation of the intensity is limited within 5% in the cases of the carts having twelve and twenty-four faces.
- the cart having twenty-four faces may hold forty-eight substrate by mounting two substrates on each face.
- FIGS. 6 (A) to 6 (C) are cross-section views showing an example of CVD process in accordance with the present invention.
- the surface of a substrate to be coated is provided with a plurality of aluminum lead lines 51 .
- the leads 51 are elongated in the direction perpendicular to the drawing sheet with 0.8 micron in. height, 0.6 micron in width and 0.9 micron in interval as shown in FIG. 6(A).
- a silicon oxide film is deposited on the substrate over the leads 51 by photo CVD in accordance with the equation (1) to the thickness of 0.3 to 0.5 at about 400° C. as shown in FIG. 6(B).
- another silicon oxide film 55 is deposited by plasma CVD in accordance with the equation (2) at 200° C. as shown in FIG. 6(C).
- TEOS is advantageous particularly for forming a film on an uneven surface, specifically, it is possible to form a substantially even or uniform film, even on a side surface of or on a lower surface between the steps shown in FIG. 6(A) by reference numeral 51 . It is presumed that this is because TEOS is in a liquid state at room temperature and has a relatively large viscosity even when it is gasified.
- the even upper surface is desirable when provided with an overlying aluminum electrode 57 as shown in FIG. 7. The likelihood of disconnection of electrode 57 is reduced by the even surface.
- the inside of the reaction chamber on the mercury lamp 19 only one being schematically shown in FIGS. 6 (A) to 6 (C).
- the etching process can be implemented on the deposited film before or after plasma CVD in order to obtain even surface of the film or to chamfer the edge of the film deposited.
- film is deposited with a constant thickness throughout the surface of the substrate 15 in the light of the uniform irradiation over each substrate.
- the uniformity of the thickness can be further improved by modulating the intensity of the mercury lamps 19 in synchronization with the rotation of the cart 7 , or by modulating the angular speed of the cart 7 in correspondence with the relative position to the mercury lamps 19 .
- the performance of non-photo enhanced plasma CVD is also improved by the use of the rotatable substrate holder.
- the invention should not limited to the above particular embodiments and modifications and variations are possible as would be recognized by those skilled in the art.
- the cross-section of the cart 7 other regular or irregular polygons, or circle can be employed.
- the driving device can be provided on the top side of the reaction chamber, or on the lateral side with pinion gear, in place of the bottom side as shown in FIG. 2.
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Abstract
An improved CVD apparatus for depositing a uniform film is shown. The apparatus comprises a reaction chamber, a substrate holder and a plurality of light sources for photo CVD or a pair of electrodes for plasma CVD. The substrate holder is a cylindrical cart which is encircled by the light sources, and which is rotated around its axis by a driving device. With this configuration, the substrates mounted on the cart and the surroundings can be energized by light of plasma evenly throughout the surfaces to be coated.
Description
- This Application is a COntinuation-in-Part of copending application Ser. No. 07/497,794; which in turn is a Continuation of application Ser. No. 07/091,770, now abandoned.
- The invention relates to a photo enhanced CVD apparatus.
- Many chemical vapor deposition (CVD) processes are used, such as APCVD, LP CVD, plasma CVD, thermal CVD and so forth, for depositing a film on a substrate. WHile these processes have their own peculiar characteristics respectively, the temperature at which each process is carried out is commonly rather high. Such high temperature process is not suitable for formation of passivation film on an aluminum electrode arrangement.
- Photo enhanced CVD process has attracted the interest of artisans because it can be carried out at a comparatively low temperature. This process is based on the energy of light, namely an optical reaction is carried out. For example, in the case of photo CVD process using silane and ammonia, mercury atoms are excited by irradiation of ultraviolet light of 2,537 Å in wavelength. The process is carried out to deposit a silicon nitride film on a substrate in accordance with the following equation:
- Hg+hv->Hg* (“*” is a symbol for excitation)
- Hg*+SiH4->SiH3+H—+Hg (“—” is a symbol for radical)
- Hg*+NH3->NH2—+H—+Hg
- yNH2 —+xSiH3->SixNy +zH2
- In the above equations, x, y and z are chosen appropriately.
- FIG. 1 is a cross-section view showing a photo CVD apparatus which has been devised by the inventors in advance of the present invention. To facilitate the understanding of the background of the present invention, this apparatus will be briefly explained. In the figure, the apparatus comprises a
reaction chamber 31,light source chambers 39 andultraviolet light sources 41. Between thelight source chambers 39, a cart 35 is mounted so as to be capable of moving in the direction perpendicular to the drawing sheet. The cart is provided withheaters 37 to heat substrates mounted on the external surfaces of the cart 35 facing to thelight source chambers 39. The temperature of thesubstrates 33 is elevated to about 200° C. which is suitable for forming a silicon nitride film. In thereaction chamber 31 is circulated a process gas at a pressure of several Torrs. The process gas is irradiated through quartz windows 47 with light radiated from thelight source 41. Anumeral 45 designates electrodes by virtue of which discharge takes place with the cart as the other electrode and undesired product deposited on the surface of the quartz windows 47 can be eliminated by sputtering. - However, with this apparatus, the thickness of deposited film depends on th spatial relationship between the light sources and the position of the substrates. Namely, the product of the CVD process may be deposited with a greater thickness at the position irradiated with stronger light. Generally speaking, the tolerable fluctuation of the thickness of the film is about 10%. Furthermore, the quartz windows47 have to be thick to bear the differential pressure between the inside of the
reaction chamber 31 and thelight source chamber 39 in which cooling gas is circulated. The differential pressure may cause leakage of the cooling gas from thelight source chamber 39 into thereaction chamber 31. As an alternative, a particular cooling system may be provided for the light source chamber so the pressure in the light source chamber, and therefore the differential pressure, can be decreased. Also, when discharge between the cart 35 and thereaction chamber 31 is desired to remove unnecessary film deposited on the light window by sputtering, the discharge tends to deviate from the window. Because of this, theparticular electrodes 45 have to be provided which makes the size of the apparatus large. - As to unevenness of film deposited by CVD, it is also the problem in the case of plasma CVD. The energy of plasma seems dependent on the relationship between the substrate and a pair of electrodes for discharge. So a uniform deposition condition on a substrate to be coated is also demanded for plasma CVD.
- It is therefore an object of the invention to provide an CVD apparatus with which a film can be deposited with a uniform thickness.
- It is another object of the invention to provide a CVD apparatus with which a film can be deposited with high quality.
- It is a further object of the invention to provide a cheaper CVD apparatus.
- It is still a further object of the invention to provide a compact CVD apparatus.
- FIG. 1 is a cross-section view of an example of a photo CVD apparatus.
- FIG. 2 is a cross-section view showing an embodiment of the invention.
- FIG. 3 is a cross-section view taken along a III-III line of FIG. 2.
- FIG. 4 is a cross-section view showing another embodiment of the invention.
- FIGS.5(A) to 5(C) are graphical diagrams showing the distributions of the intensity on substrates mounted on prism-shaped substrate holder having cross-sections of regular polygons of 6, 12, and 24 sides.
- FIGS.6(A) to 6(C) and FIG. 7 are section views showing the process of an example of CVD in accordance with this invention.
- Referring to FIG. 2 and FIG. 3, a photo enhanced CVD apparatus in accordance with the invention is illustrated. In the figure, the apparatus1 comprises a
reaction chamber 3, a hexagonal cart as a substrate holder having six lateral faces on whichsubstrates 15 are mounted, adriving device 9 with amotor 21 for rotating thecart 7 around its axis, a plurality ofquartz tubes 17, which may be alternatingly provided of different diameters, on the inside of thereaction chamber 3, with one end of each tube at a constant angular distance around thecart 7 and with the other end of each tube being closed,mercury lamps 19 provided in and housed air-tightly by the quartz tube respectively,halogen lamp heaters 23 arranged along the axial direction, a processgas introduction system 11, and anexhaustion system 13. A cooling gas, such as nitrogen gas., is circulated in thequartz tubes 17 by means of recirculation means 29. On each face of thecart 7, two substrates each 35 cm long and 30 cm wide can be mounted, and therefore thecart 7 can hold twelve substrates thereon. The cart is preferentially removable from the driving device so that substrates can be mounted outside thereaction chamber 3. - Next, the process in the apparatus will be explained. First, twelve substrates are mounted on the
cart 7 and entered into thereaction chamber 3. After evacuating thereaction chamber 3 to 10−2-10−6 Torr by means of theexhaustion system 13, a process gas is inputted from theintroduction system 11 at about 3 Torr. Simultaneously, thesubstrates 15 are heated by theheater 23 to about 200° C. Then, thecart 7 encircled by themercury lamps 19 is rotated at 2 rpm by the drivingdevice 9 and irradiated with ultraviolet light from thelamps 19, whereupon the product of a reaction initiated by optical energy is deposited on thesubstrates 15. The product undesirably deposited on thequartz tubes 17 can be removed by sputtering in virtue of discharge between thecart 7 and thereaction chamber 3. Photo enhanced CVD process is carried out, e.g., in accordance with the following equation: - 3Si2H6+8NH3 ->2Si3N4+21H2 or
- SiH4+4N2O->SiO2+4N2+2H2O (1)
- Referring now to FIG. 4, another embodiment of the invention is illustrated. This embodiment is same as the preceding embodiment except for the number of side faces of a cart and provision of an
electrode 49 in the form of a cylindrical wire net disposed between thecart 7 and thereaction chamber 3. The cart has twelve side faces each capable of holding two substrates. Theelectrode 49 is used both for generating plasma gas by discharging between itself and thecart 7, and for carrying our etching eliminating unnecessary product deposited on the inside wall of thereaction chamber 3, the external surfaces of thelight sources 5 and so forth. Theelectrode 49 can be placed between thelight sources 5 and thecart 7 instead. Plasma CVD may be implemented simultaneously by causing discharge during photo CVD process, or may be implemented after deposition by photo CVD. Plasma CVD is carried out, e.g., using TEOS (tetra-ethyl-oxy-silane) in accordance with the following equations: - SiO4(C2H5)4+1402->SiO2+8CO2+10H2O, or
- SiO4(C2H5)4+28N2O->SiO2+8CO2+10H2O+28N2 (2)
- After taking out, from the reaction chamber, the substrates on which the deposition has been deposited, undesirable deposited product is removed from the inside of the reaction chamber by means of etching in virtue of discharge between the
cart 7 and theelectrode 49. The etching is carried out, e.g., in accordance with the following equations: - Si3N4+4NF3->3SiF4+4N2
- 3SiO2+4NF3->3SiF4+2N2+3O3
- To investigate the relationship between the uniformity of the illumination intensity on the substrate and the number of side faces of the cart, experimental data has been gathered. FIGS.5(A) to 5(C) are graphical diagrams showing the distributions of the intensity on substrates mounted on prism-shaped substrate holders having cross-sections of regular polygons of 6, 12 and 24 sides. In the figure, the abscissa is the distance of the measuring point from the center of a substrate, and the ordinate is the intensity normalized with reference to the maximum intensity measured on the substrate. As shown from the diagrams, the distribution of the intensity becomes more uniform as the number of the faces increases. Namely, the intensity fluctuates over the irradiated surface at larger than 10% in the case of the cart having six faces, while the fluctuation of the intensity is limited within 5% in the cases of the carts having twelve and twenty-four faces. The cart having twenty-four faces may hold forty-eight substrate by mounting two substrates on each face.
- FIGS.6(A) to 6(C) are cross-section views showing an example of CVD process in accordance with the present invention. The surface of a substrate to be coated is provided with a plurality of aluminum lead lines 51. The leads 51 are elongated in the direction perpendicular to the drawing sheet with 0.8 micron in. height, 0.6 micron in width and 0.9 micron in interval as shown in FIG. 6(A). A silicon oxide film is deposited on the substrate over the
leads 51 by photo CVD in accordance with the equation (1) to the thickness of 0.3 to 0.5 at about 400° C. as shown in FIG. 6(B). Further, anothersilicon oxide film 55 is deposited by plasma CVD in accordance with the equation (2) at 200° C. as shown in FIG. 6(C). - The use of TEOS is advantageous particularly for forming a film on an uneven surface, specifically, it is possible to form a substantially even or uniform film, even on a side surface of or on a lower surface between the steps shown in FIG. 6(A) by
reference numeral 51. It is presumed that this is because TEOS is in a liquid state at room temperature and has a relatively large viscosity even when it is gasified. The even upper surface is desirable when provided with anoverlying aluminum electrode 57 as shown in FIG. 7. The likelihood of disconnection ofelectrode 57 is reduced by the even surface. After the completion of the deposition, the inside of the reaction chamber on themercury lamp 19, only one being schematically shown in FIGS. 6(A) to 6(C). The etching process can be implemented on the deposited film before or after plasma CVD in order to obtain even surface of the film or to chamfer the edge of the film deposited. - By use of this process, film is deposited with a constant thickness throughout the surface of the
substrate 15 in the light of the uniform irradiation over each substrate. However, the uniformity of the thickness can be further improved by modulating the intensity of themercury lamps 19 in synchronization with the rotation of thecart 7, or by modulating the angular speed of thecart 7 in correspondence with the relative position to themercury lamps 19. According to the gist of the invention, it is easily understood that the performance of non-photo enhanced plasma CVD is also improved by the use of the rotatable substrate holder. - The invention should not limited to the above particular embodiments and modifications and variations are possible as would be recognized by those skilled in the art. As the cross-section of the
cart 7, other regular or irregular polygons, or circle can be employed. Also the driving device can be provided on the top side of the reaction chamber, or on the lateral side with pinion gear, in place of the bottom side as shown in FIG. 2.
Claims (1)
1. A method of forming a device comprising the steps of:
forming a layer comprising silicon oxide over a substrate by plasma CVD using a reactive gas comprising tetra-ethyl-oxy-silane (Si(OC2H5)4) and an oxide gas;
cleaning an inside of a reaction chamber in which said layer has been formed.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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US10/339,631 US20030140941A1 (en) | 1986-09-09 | 2003-01-10 | CVD apparatus |
Applications Claiming Priority (17)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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JP61-213323 | 1986-09-09 | ||
JP61-213325 | 1986-09-09 | ||
JP61-213324 | 1986-09-09 | ||
JP21332486A JPS6369976A (en) | 1986-09-09 | 1986-09-09 | Photo-cvd apparatus |
JP21332586A JPS6369977A (en) | 1986-09-09 | 1986-09-09 | Photo-cvd apparatus for forming uniform coated film |
JP61213323A JPS6367727A (en) | 1986-09-09 | 1986-09-09 | Light irradiating mechanism |
JP62-141050 | 1987-05-06 | ||
JP62141050A JPS63307279A (en) | 1987-06-05 | 1987-06-05 | Photochemical reaction treatment device |
US9177087A | 1987-09-01 | 1987-09-01 | |
US49779490A | 1990-03-22 | 1990-03-22 | |
US70249291A | 1991-05-20 | 1991-05-20 | |
US07/971,242 US5427824A (en) | 1986-09-09 | 1992-09-08 | CVD apparatus |
US08/376,736 US5629245A (en) | 1986-09-09 | 1995-01-23 | Method for forming a multi-layer planarization structure |
US08/769,115 US5855970A (en) | 1986-09-09 | 1996-12-18 | Method of forming a film on a substrate |
US09/188,382 US6013338A (en) | 1986-09-09 | 1998-11-10 | CVD apparatus |
US09/398,059 US6520189B1 (en) | 1986-09-09 | 1999-09-17 | CVD apparatus |
US10/339,631 US20030140941A1 (en) | 1986-09-09 | 2003-01-10 | CVD apparatus |
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Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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US09/398,059 Division US6520189B1 (en) | 1986-09-09 | 1999-09-17 | CVD apparatus |
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US07/194,206 Expired - Fee Related US4950624A (en) | 1986-09-09 | 1988-05-16 | Method of depositing films using photo-CVD with chamber plasma cleaning |
US09/188,382 Expired - Fee Related US6013338A (en) | 1986-09-09 | 1998-11-10 | CVD apparatus |
US09/398,059 Expired - Fee Related US6520189B1 (en) | 1986-09-09 | 1999-09-17 | CVD apparatus |
US10/339,631 Abandoned US20030140941A1 (en) | 1986-09-09 | 2003-01-10 | CVD apparatus |
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US07/194,206 Expired - Fee Related US4950624A (en) | 1986-09-09 | 1988-05-16 | Method of depositing films using photo-CVD with chamber plasma cleaning |
US09/188,382 Expired - Fee Related US6013338A (en) | 1986-09-09 | 1998-11-10 | CVD apparatus |
US09/398,059 Expired - Fee Related US6520189B1 (en) | 1986-09-09 | 1999-09-17 | CVD apparatus |
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US (4) | US4950624A (en) |
EP (2) | EP0490883A1 (en) |
KR (1) | KR910003742B1 (en) |
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US20060286820A1 (en) * | 2005-06-21 | 2006-12-21 | Applied Materials, Inc. | Method for treating substrates and films with photoexcitation |
US20060286776A1 (en) * | 2005-06-21 | 2006-12-21 | Applied Materials, Inc. | Method for forming silicon-containing materials during a photoexcitation deposition process |
US20060286819A1 (en) * | 2005-06-21 | 2006-12-21 | Applied Materials, Inc. | Method for silicon based dielectric deposition and clean with photoexcitation |
US20060286775A1 (en) * | 2005-06-21 | 2006-12-21 | Singh Kaushal K | Method for forming silicon-containing materials during a photoexcitation deposition process |
US20060286774A1 (en) * | 2005-06-21 | 2006-12-21 | Applied Materials. Inc. | Method for forming silicon-containing materials during a photoexcitation deposition process |
CN100427641C (en) * | 2005-09-23 | 2008-10-22 | 清华大学 | Superhigh vacuum chemical vapor deposition epitoxy system with rotary lining |
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JPH0752718B2 (en) * | 1984-11-26 | 1995-06-05 | 株式会社半導体エネルギー研究所 | Thin film formation method |
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CN1020290C (en) | 1993-04-14 |
DE3782991T2 (en) | 1993-04-08 |
DE3782991D1 (en) | 1993-01-21 |
KR910003742B1 (en) | 1991-06-10 |
US6013338A (en) | 2000-01-11 |
US4950624A (en) | 1990-08-21 |
US6520189B1 (en) | 2003-02-18 |
EP0260097B1 (en) | 1992-12-09 |
EP0260097A1 (en) | 1988-03-16 |
KR880004128A (en) | 1988-06-01 |
EP0490883A1 (en) | 1992-06-17 |
CN87106283A (en) | 1988-03-23 |
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