TWI724015B - 組合物 - Google Patents
組合物 Download PDFInfo
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- TWI724015B TWI724015B TW105125499A TW105125499A TWI724015B TW I724015 B TWI724015 B TW I724015B TW 105125499 A TW105125499 A TW 105125499A TW 105125499 A TW105125499 A TW 105125499A TW I724015 B TWI724015 B TW I724015B
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- TW
- Taiwan
- Prior art keywords
- group
- carbon atoms
- general formula
- represented
- hydrocarbon group
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- -1 oxime ester compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 217
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 66
- 239000003505 polymerization initiator Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 230000003078 antioxidant effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims description 263
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 88
- 125000000623 heterocyclic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 75
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 73
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 66
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 64
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 64
- 125000000962 organic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 38
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 claims description 37
- 125000005843 halogen group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 33
- 125000003710 aryl alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 29
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 claims description 21
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 18
- 125000000449 nitro group Chemical group [O-][N+](*)=O 0.000 claims description 17
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 claims description 12
- 125000004093 cyano group Chemical group *C#N 0.000 claims description 11
- 125000002029 aromatic hydrocarbon group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 10
- 125000004429 atom Chemical group 0.000 claims description 10
- 125000004430 oxygen atom Chemical group O* 0.000 claims description 10
- 125000003342 alkenyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 9
- 125000001570 methylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([*:1])[*:2] 0.000 claims description 9
- 125000000547 substituted alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 125000004434 sulfur atom Chemical group 0.000 claims description 8
- 125000003545 alkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 7
- 150000001721 carbon Chemical group 0.000 claims description 7
- 125000002723 alicyclic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000004104 aryloxy group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000000753 cycloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000005110 aryl thio group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011203 carbon fibre reinforced carbon Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000005018 aryl alkenyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000001905 inorganic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000005647 linker group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000003107 substituted aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000001183 hydrocarbyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims 8
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acrylate Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 46
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical group 0.000 description 37
- 239000004593 Epoxy Substances 0.000 description 34
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 description 33
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 26
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 22
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 22
- DZBUGLKDJFMEHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N acridine Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=CC3=CC=CC=C3N=C21 DZBUGLKDJFMEHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 21
- 125000000484 butyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 20
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 19
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 18
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 17
- 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 description 17
- 125000002619 bicyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 16
- 125000002347 octyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 16
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 15
- CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methacrylic acid Chemical compound CC(=C)C(O)=O CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 14
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 description 14
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 13
- 239000000975 dye Substances 0.000 description 13
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 12
- 125000003187 heptyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 11
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 11
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 11
- JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyridine Chemical compound C1=CC=NC=C1 JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 125000001797 benzyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(C([H])=C1[H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 10
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 10
- LLHKCFNBLRBOGN-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene glycol methyl ether acetate Chemical compound COCC(C)OC(C)=O LLHKCFNBLRBOGN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 238000004040 coloring Methods 0.000 description 9
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 9
- 229920003986 novolac Polymers 0.000 description 9
- 125000001147 pentyl group Chemical group C(CCCC)* 0.000 description 9
- 125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 9
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 description 9
- UFWIBTONFRDIAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Naphthalene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=CC=CC=C21 UFWIBTONFRDIAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 150000008065 acid anhydrides Chemical class 0.000 description 8
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 8
- 150000002484 inorganic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 8
- 229910010272 inorganic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 150000007519 polyprotic acids Polymers 0.000 description 8
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 8
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 239000006229 carbon black Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000002270 dispersing agent Substances 0.000 description 7
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 7
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 7
- 125000000959 isobutyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 7
- 125000001449 isopropyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 7
- 125000001436 propyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 7
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 7
- 125000003903 2-propenyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 6
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Furan Chemical compound C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- NQRYJNQNLNOLGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Piperidine Chemical compound C1CCNCC1 NQRYJNQNLNOLGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propylene glycol Chemical compound CC(O)CO DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- RWRDLPDLKQPQOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyrrolidine Chemical compound C1CCNC1 RWRDLPDLKQPQOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N acrylic acid group Chemical group C(C=C)(=O)O NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- IISBACLAFKSPIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N bisphenol A Chemical compound C=1C=C(O)C=CC=1C(C)(C)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 IISBACLAFKSPIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 125000000113 cyclohexyl group Chemical group [H]C1([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])C1([H])[H] 0.000 description 6
- 125000001511 cyclopentyl group Chemical group [H]C1([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C1([H])[H] 0.000 description 6
- RAXXELZNTBOGNW-UHFFFAOYSA-N imidazole Natural products C1=CNC=N1 RAXXELZNTBOGNW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 125000001972 isopentyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 6
- VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Hexane Chemical compound CCCCCC VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 125000003386 piperidinyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 6
- 0 *C(C(*)C(C(C1*)C(*)=C)O)C1*=* Chemical compound *C(C(*)C(C(C1*)C(*)=C)O)C1*=* 0.000 description 5
- YTPLMLYBLZKORZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Thiophene Chemical compound C=1C=CSC=1 YTPLMLYBLZKORZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 150000008064 anhydrides Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 5
- GYZLOYUZLJXAJU-UHFFFAOYSA-N diglycidyl ether Chemical compound C1OC1COCC1CO1 GYZLOYUZLJXAJU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 125000002541 furyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 5
- 125000004051 hexyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 5
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 125000001624 naphthyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 5
- 125000004433 nitrogen atom Chemical group N* 0.000 description 5
- ABLZXFCXXLZCGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphonic acid group Chemical class P(O)(O)=O ABLZXFCXXLZCGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 5
- KMOUUZVZFBCRAM-OLQVQODUSA-N (3as,7ar)-3a,4,7,7a-tetrahydro-2-benzofuran-1,3-dione Chemical compound C1C=CC[C@@H]2C(=O)OC(=O)[C@@H]21 KMOUUZVZFBCRAM-OLQVQODUSA-N 0.000 description 4
- JESXATFQYMPTNL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-ethenylphenol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1C=C JESXATFQYMPTNL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 7553-56-2 Chemical compound [I] ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical group CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- HRPVXLWXLXDGHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acrylamide Chemical compound NC(=O)C=C HRPVXLWXLXDGHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- PAYRUJLWNCNPSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Aniline Chemical compound NC1=CC=CC=C1 PAYRUJLWNCNPSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229930185605 Bisphenol Natural products 0.000 description 4
- WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Bromine atom Chemical compound [Br] WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- PXGOKWXKJXAPGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine Chemical compound FF PXGOKWXKJXAPGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-OWOJBTEDSA-N Fumaric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)\C=C\C(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-OWOJBTEDSA-N 0.000 description 4
- IMNFDUFMRHMDMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Heptane Chemical compound CCCCCCC IMNFDUFMRHMDMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- XYFCBTPGUUZFHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphine Chemical compound P XYFCBTPGUUZFHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical class OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propane Chemical compound CCC ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propanedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)CC(O)=O OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- KAESVJOAVNADME-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyrrole Chemical compound C=1C=CNC=1 KAESVJOAVNADME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- SMWDFEZZVXVKRB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Quinoline Chemical compound N1=CC=CC2=CC=CC=C21 SMWDFEZZVXVKRB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetic acid Substances CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 150000001252 acrylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 4
- XXROGKLTLUQVRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N allyl alcohol Chemical compound OCC=C XXROGKLTLUQVRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 150000001408 amides Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- RWCCWEUUXYIKHB-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzophenone Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 RWCCWEUUXYIKHB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000012965 benzophenone Substances 0.000 description 4
- GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N bromine Substances BrBr GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052794 bromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- YCIMNLLNPGFGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N catechol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1O YCIMNLLNPGFGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- JHIVVAPYMSGYDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclohexanone Chemical compound O=C1CCCCC1 JHIVVAPYMSGYDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000011630 iodine Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052740 iodine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 150000002576 ketones Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyridine Natural products COC1=CC=CN=C1 UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 125000000714 pyrimidinyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 125000004079 stearyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 4
- KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N succinic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCC(O)=O KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229940124530 sulfonamide Drugs 0.000 description 4
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-butenedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=CC(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- WBYWAXJHAXSJNI-VOTSOKGWSA-M .beta-Phenylacrylic acid Natural products [O-]C(=O)\C=C\C1=CC=CC=C1 WBYWAXJHAXSJNI-VOTSOKGWSA-M 0.000 description 3
- YBYIRNPNPLQARY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1H-indene Natural products C1=CC=C2CC=CC2=C1 YBYIRNPNPLQARY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- BGCSUUSPRCDKBQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,4,8,10-tetraoxaspiro[5.5]undecane Chemical compound C1OCOCC21COCOC2 BGCSUUSPRCDKBQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- FALRKNHUBBKYCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(chloromethyl)pyridine-3-carbonitrile Chemical compound ClCC1=NC=CC=C1C#N FALRKNHUBBKYCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- ZWEHNKRNPOVVGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Butanone Chemical compound CCC(C)=O ZWEHNKRNPOVVGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- TXBCBTDQIULDIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[[3-hydroxy-2,2-bis(hydroxymethyl)propoxy]methyl]-2-(hydroxymethyl)propane-1,3-diol Chemical compound OCC(CO)(CO)COCC(CO)(CO)CO TXBCBTDQIULDIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 125000004493 2-methylbut-1-yl group Chemical group CC(C*)CC 0.000 description 3
- 125000003542 3-methylbutan-2-yl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 3
- WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetonitrile Chemical compound CC#N WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- OAPPEBNXKAKQGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benz[c]acridine Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C3=NC4=CC=CC=C4C=C3C=CC2=C1 OAPPEBNXKAKQGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- PMGJFIWCUNHEAG-UHFFFAOYSA-N CCCCCC(C=C1)=CC=C1P(OC)=O Chemical compound CCCCCC(C=C1)=CC=C1P(OC)=O PMGJFIWCUNHEAG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- FXWZPAZISKAPSH-UHFFFAOYSA-N CCCCCCOC(C=C1)=CC(OCCCCCC)=C1P(CC1=C(C)C=C(C)C=C1C)(CC1=C(C)C=C(C)C=C1C)=O Chemical compound CCCCCCOC(C=C1)=CC(OCCCCCC)=C1P(CC1=C(C)C=C(C)C=C1C)(CC1=C(C)C=C(C)C=C1C)=O FXWZPAZISKAPSH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- WBYWAXJHAXSJNI-SREVYHEPSA-N Cinnamic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)\C=C/C1=CC=CC=C1 WBYWAXJHAXSJNI-SREVYHEPSA-N 0.000 description 3
- CQUIEGHLYARWMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N ClC1=C(CP(C2=CC=CC=C2)(CC2=C(C=CC=C2Cl)Cl)=O)C(=CC=C1)Cl Chemical compound ClC1=C(CP(C2=CC=CC=C2)(CC2=C(C=CC=C2Cl)Cl)=O)C(=CC=C1)Cl CQUIEGHLYARWMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dichloromethane Chemical compound ClCCl YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- QMMFVYPAHWMCMS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethyl sulfide Chemical compound CSC QMMFVYPAHWMCMS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acetate Chemical compound CCOC(C)=O XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- SIKJAQJRHWYJAI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Indole Chemical compound C1=CC=C2NC=CC2=C1 SIKJAQJRHWYJAI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- YNAVUWVOSKDBBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Morpholine Chemical compound C1COCCN1 YNAVUWVOSKDBBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylformamide Chemical compound CN(C)C=O ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000004793 Polystyrene Substances 0.000 description 3
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- PJANXHGTPQOBST-VAWYXSNFSA-N Stilbene Natural products C=1C=CC=CC=1/C=C/C1=CC=CC=C1 PJANXHGTPQOBST-VAWYXSNFSA-N 0.000 description 3
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triethylamine Chemical compound CCN(CC)CC ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 150000001338 aliphatic hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 125000002947 alkylene group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 150000001412 amines Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 125000003277 amino group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 125000005428 anthryl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C2C([H])=C3C(*)=C([H])C([H])=C([H])C3=C([H])C2=C1[H] 0.000 description 3
- 239000011324 bead Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229930016911 cinnamic acid Natural products 0.000 description 3
- 235000013985 cinnamic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 238000010835 comparative analysis Methods 0.000 description 3
- 125000006165 cyclic alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCOCCO MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000003759 ester based solvent Substances 0.000 description 3
- BEFDCLMNVWHSGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethenylcyclopentane Chemical compound C=CC1CCCC1 BEFDCLMNVWHSGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 125000000524 functional group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 3
- 125000001041 indolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000004973 liquid crystal related substance Substances 0.000 description 3
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- 235000007586 terpenes Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- ISIJQEHRDSCQIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-butyl 2,7-diazaspiro[4.5]decane-7-carboxylate Chemical compound C1N(C(=O)OC(C)(C)C)CCCC11CNCC1 ISIJQEHRDSCQIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- BFKJFAAPBSQJPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrafluoroethene Chemical group FC(F)=C(F)F BFKJFAAPBSQJPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 125000001113 thiadiazolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
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- BRNULMACUQOKMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N thiomorpholine Chemical compound C1CSCCN1 BRNULMACUQOKMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 125000003944 tolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
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- 125000001425 triazolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- UBOXGVDOUJQMTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N trichloroethylene Natural products ClCC(Cl)Cl UBOXGVDOUJQMTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PCFIPYFVXDCWBW-UHFFFAOYSA-N tricyclo[3.3.1.03,7]nonane Chemical compound C1C(C2)C3CC2CC1C3 PCFIPYFVXDCWBW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZIBGPFATKBEMQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCOCCOCCO ZIBGPFATKBEMQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SRPWOOOHEPICQU-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimellitic anhydride Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=C2C(=O)OC(=O)C2=C1 SRPWOOOHEPICQU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QXJQHYBHAIHNGG-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethylolethane Chemical compound OCC(C)(CO)CO QXJQHYBHAIHNGG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PQDJYEQOELDLCP-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethylsilane Chemical compound C[SiH](C)C PQDJYEQOELDLCP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AAAQKTZKLRYKHR-UHFFFAOYSA-N triphenylmethane Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1C(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 AAAQKTZKLRYKHR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000004961 triphenylmethanes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- XHGIFBQQEGRTPB-UHFFFAOYSA-N tris(prop-2-enyl) phosphate Chemical compound C=CCOP(=O)(OCC=C)OCC=C XHGIFBQQEGRTPB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940036248 turpentine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229910021642 ultra pure water Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000012498 ultrapure water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000002948 undecyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
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- LVLANIHJQRZTPY-UHFFFAOYSA-N vinyl carbamate Chemical class NC(=O)OC=C LVLANIHJQRZTPY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052724 xenon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- FHNFHKCVQCLJFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N xenon atom Chemical compound [Xe] FHNFHKCVQCLJFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 239000011787 zinc oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- NDKWCCLKSWNDBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N zinc;dioxido(dioxo)chromium Chemical compound [Zn+2].[O-][Cr]([O-])(=O)=O NDKWCCLKSWNDBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F2/00—Processes of polymerisation
- C08F2/44—Polymerisation in the presence of compounding ingredients, e.g. plasticisers, dyestuffs, fillers
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03F—PHOTOMECHANICAL PRODUCTION OF TEXTURED OR PATTERNED SURFACES, e.g. FOR PRINTING, FOR PROCESSING OF SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; MATERIALS THEREFOR; ORIGINALS THEREFOR; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED THEREFOR
- G03F7/00—Photomechanical, e.g. photolithographic, production of textured or patterned surfaces, e.g. printing surfaces; Materials therefor, e.g. comprising photoresists; Apparatus specially adapted therefor
- G03F7/004—Photosensitive materials
- G03F7/027—Non-macromolecular photopolymerisable compounds having carbon-to-carbon double bonds, e.g. ethylenic compounds
- G03F7/028—Non-macromolecular photopolymerisable compounds having carbon-to-carbon double bonds, e.g. ethylenic compounds with photosensitivity-increasing substances, e.g. photoinitiators
- G03F7/031—Organic compounds not covered by group G03F7/029
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F2/00—Processes of polymerisation
- C08F2/46—Polymerisation initiated by wave energy or particle radiation
- C08F2/48—Polymerisation initiated by wave energy or particle radiation by ultraviolet or visible light
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03F—PHOTOMECHANICAL PRODUCTION OF TEXTURED OR PATTERNED SURFACES, e.g. FOR PRINTING, FOR PROCESSING OF SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; MATERIALS THEREFOR; ORIGINALS THEREFOR; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED THEREFOR
- G03F7/00—Photomechanical, e.g. photolithographic, production of textured or patterned surfaces, e.g. printing surfaces; Materials therefor, e.g. comprising photoresists; Apparatus specially adapted therefor
- G03F7/004—Photosensitive materials
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03F—PHOTOMECHANICAL PRODUCTION OF TEXTURED OR PATTERNED SURFACES, e.g. FOR PRINTING, FOR PROCESSING OF SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; MATERIALS THEREFOR; ORIGINALS THEREFOR; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED THEREFOR
- G03F7/00—Photomechanical, e.g. photolithographic, production of textured or patterned surfaces, e.g. printing surfaces; Materials therefor, e.g. comprising photoresists; Apparatus specially adapted therefor
- G03F7/004—Photosensitive materials
- G03F7/038—Macromolecular compounds which are rendered insoluble or differentially wettable
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
- Materials For Photolithography (AREA)
- Polymerisation Methods In General (AREA)
- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
- Optical Filters (AREA)
- Paints Or Removers (AREA)
- Plural Heterocyclic Compounds (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
Abstract
Description
本發明係關於一種含有於常溫下為惰性且藉由加熱至特定溫度而活化從而表現出功能之潛伏性抗氧化劑、及具有特定結構之聚合起始劑的組合物。
感光性組合物被廣泛用於塗料、塗佈劑、各種阻劑等。
專利文獻1中揭示有含有抗氧化劑之彩色濾光片用感光性著色組合物,專利文獻2中揭示有含有酚系抗氧化劑之感光性樹脂組合物,記載有能夠提高耐熱性之主旨,但關於藉由使用潛伏性抗氧化劑而獲得高感度、高透明性則無記載。
專利文獻1:日本專利特開2012-247591號公報
專利文獻2:日本專利特開2014-052424號公報
因此,本發明之目的在於提供一種感度、透明性優異之組合物。
本發明者等人反覆進行努力研究,結果發現含有潛伏性抗氧化劑(A)、及包含一種以上之下述通式(I)所表示之肟酯化合物之聚合起
始劑(B)的組合物能夠達成上述目的,從而完成本發明。
(式中,R1及R2各自獨立地表示R11、OR11、COR11、SR11、CONR12R13或CN,R11、R12及R13各自獨立地表示氫原子、碳原子數1~20之烷基、碳原子數6~30之芳基、碳原子數7~30之芳基烷基或碳原子數2~20之含雜環之基,R11、R12及R13所表示之基之氫原子亦可進而被取代為R21、OR21、COR21、SR21、NR22R23、CONR22R23、NR22OR23、NCOR22OCOR23、NR22COR21、OCOR21、COOR21、SCOR21、OCSR21、COSR21、CSOR21、羥基、硝基、CN、鹵素原子或COOR21,R21、R22及R23各自獨立地表示氫原子、碳原子數1~20之烷基、碳原子數6~30之芳基、碳原子數7~30之芳基烷基或碳原子數2~20之含雜環之基,R21、R22及R23所表示之基之氫原子亦可進而被取代為羥基、硝基、CN、鹵素原子或羧基,R11、R12、R13、R21、R22及R23所表示之基之伸烷基部分之亞甲基亦可被取代為-O-、-S-、-COO-、-OCO-、-OCOO-、-CONR24-、-NR24-、-NR24CO-、-NR24COO-、-OCONR24-、-SCO-、-COS-、-OCS-或-SCOO-,
R24表示氫原子、碳原子數1~20之烷基、碳原子數6~30之芳基、碳原子數7~30之芳基烷基或碳原子數2~20之含雜環之基,R11、R12、R13、R21、R22、R23及R24所表示之基之烷基部分可具有分支側鏈,亦可為環狀烷基,R3表示氫原子、碳原子數1~20之烷基、碳原子數6~30之芳基、碳原子數7~30之芳基烷基或碳原子數2~20之含雜環之基,R3所表示之基之烷基部分可具有分支側鏈,亦可為環狀烷基,又,R3與R7、R3與R8、R4與R5、R5與R6及R6與R7分別亦可一起形成環,R3所表示之基之氫原子亦可進而被取代為R21、OR21、COR21、SR21、NR22R23、CONR22R23、NR22OR23、NCOR22OCOR23、NR22COR21、OCOR21、COOR21、SCOR21、OCSR21、COSR21、CSOR21、羥基、硝基、CN、鹵素原子或COOR21,R4、R5、R6及R7各自獨立地表示R11、OR11、SR11、COR14、CONR15R16、NR12COR11、OCOR11、COOR14、SCOR11、OCSR11、COSR14、CSOR11、羥基、CN或鹵素原子,R4與R5、R5與R6及R6與R7分別亦可一起形成環,R4、R5、R6及R7所表示之基之氫原子亦可進而被取代為R21、OR21、COR21、SR21、NR22R23、CONR22R23、NR22OR23、NCOR22OCOR23、NR22COR21、OCOR21、COOR21、SCOR21、OCSR21、COSR21、CSOR21、羥基、硝基、CN、鹵素原子或COOR21,R14、R15及R16表示氫原子或碳原子數1~20之烷基,R14、R15及R16所表示之基之烷基部分可具有分支側鏈,亦可為環狀烷基,R8表示R11、OR11、SR11、COR11、CONR12R13、NR12COR11、OCOR11、COOR11、SCOR11、OCSR11、COSR11、CSOR11、羥基、CN
或鹵素原子,n表示0或1)
根據本發明,含有具有特定結構之潛伏性抗氧化劑及具有特定結構之聚合起始劑的組合物於感度及透明性方面優異。
以下對本發明之組合物基於較佳實施形態進行說明。
本發明之組合物含有潛伏性抗氧化劑(A)、及包含一種以上之上述通式(I)所表示之肟酯化合物之聚合起始劑(B)。以下依序說明各成分。
本發明之組合物所使用之所謂潛伏性抗氧化劑(A)係於常溫下或預烘烤步驟中為惰性,藉由以100~250℃加熱、或於酸/鹼觸媒存在下以80~200℃加熱而脫去保護基從而恢復活性,具有下述通式(III)所表示之骨架者易於合成且耐熱性較高,本發明之效果較高,因此較佳。
(式中,環A1表示五員環或六員環之烴環或雜環,R61各自獨立地表示氫原子、鹵素原子、氰基、羥基、硝基、羧基、可具有取代基之碳原子數1~40之烷基、碳原子數6~20之芳基、
碳原子數7~20之芳基烷基或碳原子數2~20之含雜環之基,R62各自獨立地表示碳原子數1~20之烷基、碳原子數2~20之烯基、碳原子數6~20之芳基、碳原子數7~20之芳基烷基、碳原子數2~20之含雜環之基或三烷基矽烷基,R61及R62所表示之烷基或芳基烷基中之亞甲基可被取代為將選自碳-碳雙鍵、-O-、-S-、-CO-、-O-CO-、-CO-O-、-O-CO-O-、-O-CO-O-、-S-CO-、-CO-S-、-S-CO-O-、-O-CO-S-、-CO-NH-、-NH-CO-、-NH-CO-O-、-NR'-、-S-S-或-SO2-中之基於氧原子不鄰接之條件下組合而成之基,R'表示氫原子或碳原子數1~8之烷基,複數個R61彼此亦可鍵結而形成苯環或萘環,d表示1~4之整數,k表示1~4之整數,但d與k之合計為環A1可取之取代基之數量以下)
具有上述通式(III)所表示之骨架者之中,下述通式(III-A)所表示者尤其耐熱性較高,因此較佳。
(式中,環A1、R61、R62、d及k與上述通式(III)相同,m表示1~10之整數,X5表示直接鍵或m價原子、無機基或有機基)
作為上述通式(III)及通式(III-A)中之A1所表示之五員環之烴環,可列舉環戊二烯等,作為五員環之雜環,可列舉:呋喃、噻吩、吡咯、吡咯啶、吡唑啶、吡唑、咪唑、咪唑啶、唑、異唑、異唑
啶、噻唑、異噻唑、異噻唑啶等,作為六員環之烴環,可列舉苯等,作為六員環之雜環,可列舉:哌啶、哌、嗎啉、硫代嗎啉、吡啶、吡、嘧啶、嗒、三等,該等環可與其他環縮合或經取代,作為該例,例如可列舉:喹啉、異喹啉、吲哚、咯啶、苯并唑、苯并三唑、薁、萘、蒽、茀、苝、芘等。
作為R61所表示之鹵素原子,可列舉:氟、氯、溴、碘(再者,以下說明書中提及之鹵素原子均與上述同義)。
作為R61所表示之碳原子數1~40之烷基,可列舉:甲基、乙基、丙基、異丙基、丁基、第二丁基、第三丁基、異丁基、戊基、異戊基、第三戊基、環戊基、己基、2-己基、3-己基、環己基、4-甲基環己基、庚基、2-庚基、3-庚基、異庚基、第三庚基、1-辛基、異辛基、第三辛基、金剛烷基等,作為R62所表示之碳原子數1~20之烷基,可列舉該等烷基中之滿足特定碳原子數者,作為對R61所表示之碳原子數1~40之烷基進行取代之取代基,可列舉:乙烯基、烯丙基、丙烯酸基、甲基丙烯酸基等乙烯性不飽和基;氟、氯、溴、碘等鹵素原子;乙醯基、2-氯乙醯基、丙醯基、辛醯基、丙烯醯基、甲基丙烯醯基、苯基羰基(苯甲醯基)、苯二甲醯基、4-三氟甲基苯甲醯基、特戊醯基、水楊醯基、草醯基、硬脂醯基、甲氧基羰基、乙氧基羰基、第三丁氧基羰基、正十八烷基氧基羰基、胺甲醯基等醯基;乙醯氧基、苯甲醯氧基等醯氧基;胺基、乙基胺基、二甲基胺基、二乙基胺基、丁基胺基、環戊基胺基、2-乙基己基胺基、十二烷基胺基、苯胺基、氯苯基胺基、甲苯胺基、甲氧苯胺基、N-甲基-苯胺基、二苯基胺基、萘基胺基、2-吡啶基胺基、甲氧基羰基胺基、苯氧基羰基胺基、乙醯基胺基、苯甲醯基胺基、甲醯基胺基、特戊醯基胺基、月桂醯基胺基、胺甲醯基胺基、N,N-二甲基胺基羰基胺基、N,N-二乙基胺基羰基胺基、嗎啉基羰基胺基、甲氧基羰
基胺基、乙氧基羰基胺基、第三丁氧基羰基胺基、正十八烷基氧基羰基胺基、N-甲基-甲氧基羰基胺基、苯氧基羰基胺基、胺磺醯基胺基、N,N-二甲基胺基磺醯基胺基、甲基磺醯基胺基、丁基磺醯基胺基、苯基磺醯基胺基等取代胺基;磺醯胺基、磺醯基、羧基、氰基、磺基、羥基、硝基、巰基、醯亞胺基、胺甲醯基、磺醯胺基、膦酸基、磷酸基或羧基、磺基、膦酸基、磷酸基之鹽等。
作為R61及R62所表示之碳原子數6~20之芳基,可列舉:苯基、萘基、蒽基、菲基、茀基、茚基、2-甲基苯基、3-甲基苯基、4-甲基苯基、4-乙烯基苯基、3-異丙基苯基、4-異丙基苯基、4-丁基苯基、4-異丁基苯基、4-第三丁基苯基、4-己基苯基、4-環己基苯基、4-辛基苯基、4-(2-乙基己基)苯基、4-硬脂基苯基、2,3-二甲基苯基、2,4-二甲基苯基、2,5-二甲基苯基、2,6-二甲基苯基、3,4-二甲基苯基、3,5-二甲基苯基、2,4-二第三丁基苯基、2,5-二第三丁基苯基、2,6-二第三丁基苯基、2,4-二第三戊基苯基、2,5-二第三戊基苯基、2,5-二第三辛基苯基、2,4-二異丙苯基苯基、4-環己基苯基、(1,1'-聯苯基)-4-基、2,4,5-三甲基苯基、二茂鐵基等,作為R61及R62所表示之碳原子數7~20之芳基烷基,可列舉:苄基、1-甲基-1-苯基乙基、1-萘基甲基、9-蒽基甲基、9-茀基、3-苯基丙基、甲基-2-苯基丙烷-2-基、二苯基甲基、三苯基甲基、苯乙基、苯乙烯基、肉桂基等,作為R61及R62所表示之碳原子數2~20之含雜環之基,可列舉將吡啶環、嘧啶環、嗒環、哌啶環、吡喃環、吡唑啉環、三環、吡咯啉環、喹啉環、異喹啉環、咪唑啉環、苯并咪唑啉環、三唑啉環、呋喃環、苯并呋喃環、噻二唑啉環、噻唑啉環、苯并噻唑啉環、噻吩環、唑啉環、苯并唑啉環、異噻唑啉環、異唑啉環、吲哚環、吡咯啶環、哌啶酮環、二烷環等雜環與亞甲基鏈組合而成之基,
作為R62所表示之三烷基矽烷基,可列舉三甲基矽烷、三乙基矽烷、乙基二甲基矽烷等經碳原子數1~6之烷基(3個烷基可相同亦可不同)取代之矽烷基。
作為R'所表示之碳原子數1~8之烷基,可列舉R61所表示之上述烷基中之滿足特定碳原子數者。
具有通式(III)所表示之骨架之化合物之中,R61為氫原子、碳原子數1~8之烷基或碳原子數6~12之芳基者易於合成,因此較佳,又,R62為於碳原子數1~8之烷基之氧原子側之末端鍵結有-CO-O-者有效率地表現出作為潛伏性添加劑之功能,因此較佳。
上述通式(III-A)中,X5表示直接鍵或m價原子、無機基或有機基,具體而言,表示直接鍵、氫原子、氮原子、氧原子、硫原子、磷原子、下述(III-a)或(III-b)所表示之基、>C=O、>NR63、-OR63、-SR63、-NR63R64、可具有價數等於m之取代基之碳原子數1~120之脂肪族烴基、可具有取代基之碳原子數6~35之含芳香環之烴基、可具有取代基之碳原子數2~35之含雜環之基。R63及R64表示氫原子、可具有取代基之碳原子數1~35之脂肪族烴基、可具有取代基之碳原子數6~35之含芳香環之烴基或可具有取代基之碳原子數2~35之含雜環之基。該等脂肪族烴基、含芳香環之烴基及含雜環之基之整體或一部分(例如亞甲基)亦可被取代為選自碳-碳雙鍵、-O-、-S-、-CO-、-O-CO-、-CO-O-、-O-CO-O-、-O-CO-O-、-S-CO-、-CO-S-、-S-CO-O-、-O-CO-S-、-CO-NH-、-NH-CO-、-NH-CO-O-、-NH-CO-O-、-NR'-、-S-S-、-SO2-或氮原子中之基。
其中,於X5為氮原子、磷原子或者下述(III-a)或(III-b)所表示之基之情形時,m為3,於X5為氧原子或硫原子、>C=O、-NH-CO-、-CO-NH-或>NR63之情形時,m為2,於X5為-OR63、-SR63或-NR63R64之情形時,m為1,X5亦可與A1起形成環。
上述通式(III-A)所表示之潛伏性抗氧化劑具有於X5所表示之m價之特定原子或基上鍵結有m個特定基之結構。該m個基相互可相同或不同。m之值為1~10,就易於合成之方面而言,較佳為2~6。
關於上述通式(III-A)中之X5所表示之價數等於m之碳原子數1~120之脂肪族烴基,作為m為1價者,例如可列舉:甲基、乙基、丙基、異丙基、環丙基、丁基、第二丁基、第三丁基、異丁基、戊基、異戊基、第三戊基、環戊基、己基、2-己基、3-己基、環己基、聯環己基、1-甲基環己基、庚基、2-庚基、3-庚基、異庚基、第三庚基、正辛基、異辛基、第三辛基、2-乙基己基、壬基、異壬基、癸基等烷基;甲氧基、乙氧基、丙氧基、異丙氧基、丁氧基、第二丁氧基、第三丁氧基、異丁氧基、戊氧基、異戊氧基、第三戊氧基、己氧基、環己氧基、庚氧基、異庚氧基、第三庚氧基、正辛氧基、異辛氧基、第三辛氧基、2-乙基己氧基、壬氧基、癸氧基等烷氧基;甲基硫基、乙基硫基、丙基硫基、異丙基硫基、丁基硫基、第二丁基硫基、第三丁基硫基、異丁基硫基、戊基硫基、異戊基硫基、第三戊基硫基、己基硫基、環己基硫基、庚基硫基、異庚基硫基、第三庚基硫基、正辛基硫基、異辛基硫基、第三辛基硫基、2-乙基己基硫基等烷基硫基;乙烯基、1-甲基乙烯基、2-甲基乙烯基、2-丙烯基、1-甲基-3-丙烯基、3-丁烯基、1-甲基-3-丁烯基、異丁烯基、3-戊烯基、4-己烯基、環己烯基、聯環己烯基、庚烯基、辛烯基、癸烯基、十五烯基、二十烯基、二十三烯基等烯基及該等基經下述取代基取代而成之基等,作為m為2價者,可列舉:亞甲基、伸乙基、伸丙基、伸丁基、
丁二基等伸烷基;上述伸烷基之亞甲基鏈經-O-、-S-、-CO-O-、-O-CO-取代而成者;乙二醇、丙二醇、丁二醇、戊二醇、己二醇等二醇之殘基;乙二硫醇、丙二硫醇、丁二硫醇、戊二硫醇、己二硫醇等二硫醇之殘基及該等基經下述取代基取代而成之基等,作為m為3價者,例如可列舉:次丙基、1,1,3-次丁基等次烷基及該等基經下述取代基取代而成之基,關於可具有價數等於m之取代基之碳原子數6~35之1價之含芳香環之烴基,作為m為1價者,可列舉:苄基、苯乙基、二苯基甲基、三苯基甲基、苯乙烯基、肉桂基等芳基烷基;苯基、萘基等芳基;苯氧基、萘氧基等芳氧基;苯基硫基、萘基硫基等芳基硫基及該等基經下述取代基取代而成之基等,作為m為2價者,可列舉:伸苯基、伸萘基等伸芳基;兒茶酚、雙酚等二官能酚之殘基;2,4,8,10-四氧雜螺[5,5]十一烷等及該等基經下述取代基取代而成之基,作為m為3價者,可列舉苯基-1,3,5-三亞甲基等及該等基經下述取代基取代而成之基,關於可具有價數等於m之取代基之碳原子數2~35之含雜環之基,作為m為1價者,可列舉:吡啶基、嘧啶基、嗒基、哌啶基、吡喃基、吡唑基、三基、吡咯基、喹啉基、異喹啉基、咪唑基、苯并咪唑基、三唑基、呋喃基(furyl)、呋喃基(furanyl)、苯并呋喃基、噻吩基(thienyl)、噻吩基(thiophenyl)、苯并噻吩基、噻二唑基、噻唑基、苯并噻唑基、唑基、苯并唑基、異噻唑基、異唑基、吲哚基、2-吡咯啶酮-1-基、2-哌啶酮-1-基、2,4-二氧基咪唑啶-3-基、2,4-二氧基唑啶-3-基、苯并三唑基等及該等基經下述取代基取代而成之基等,作為m為2價者,可列舉具有吡啶環、嘧啶環、哌啶環、哌
環、三環、呋喃環、噻吩環、吲哚環等之基及該等基經下述取代基取代而成之基,作為m為3價者,可列舉具有異三聚氰酸環之基、具有三環之基及該等基經下述取代基取代而成之基,作為R63及R64所表示之可具有取代基之碳原子數1~35之脂肪族烴基,可列舉上述X5所表示之脂肪族烴基或脂肪族烴基與下述取代基之組合中之滿足特定碳原子數者,作為R63及R64所表示之可具有取代基之碳原子數6~35之含芳香環之烴基或可具有取代基之碳原子數2~35之含雜環之基,可列舉上述X5所表示之碳原子數6~35之含芳香環之烴基或碳原子數2~35之含雜環之基或將該等基與下述取代基組合而成之基。
作為X5所表示之m價有機基(例如上述脂肪族烴基、含芳香環之烴基、含雜環之基)以及R63及R64所表示之上述脂肪族烴基、含芳香環之烴基、含雜環之基經取代之情形時之取代基,可列舉:乙烯基、烯丙基、丙烯酸基、甲基丙烯酸基等乙烯性不飽和基;氟、氯、溴、碘等鹵素原子;乙醯基、2-氯乙醯基、丙醯基、辛醯基、丙烯醯基、甲基丙烯醯基、苯基羰基(苯甲醯基)、苯二甲醯基、4-三氟甲基苯甲醯基、特戊醯基、水楊醯基、草醯基、硬脂醯基、甲氧基羰基、乙氧基羰基、第三丁氧基羰基、正十八烷基氧基羰基、胺甲醯基等醯基;乙醯氧基、苯甲醯氧基等醯氧基;胺基、乙基胺基、二甲基胺基、二乙基胺基、丁基胺基、環戊基胺基、2-乙基己基胺基、十二烷基胺基、苯胺基、氯苯基胺基、甲苯胺基、甲氧苯胺基、N-甲基-苯胺基、二苯基胺基、萘基胺基、2-吡啶基胺基、甲氧基羰基胺基、苯氧基羰基胺基、乙醯基胺基、苯甲醯基胺基、甲醯基胺基、特戊醯基胺基、月桂醯基胺基、胺甲醯基胺基、N,N-二甲基胺基羰基胺基、N,N-二乙基胺基羰基胺基、嗎啉基羰基胺基、甲氧基羰基胺基、乙氧基羰基胺
基、第三丁氧基羰基胺基、正十八烷基氧基羰基胺基、N-甲基-甲氧基羰基胺基、苯氧基羰基胺基、胺磺醯基胺基、N,N-二甲基胺基磺醯基胺基、甲基磺醯基胺基、丁基磺醯基胺基、苯基磺醯基胺基等取代胺基;磺醯胺基、磺醯基、羧基、氰基、磺基、羥基、硝基、巰基、醯亞胺基、胺甲醯基、磺醯胺基、膦酸基、磷酸基或羧基、磺基、膦酸基、磷酸基之鹽等,該等基亦可進而經取代。又,羧基及磺基亦可形成鹽。
上述通式(III-A)中,於m為2時,X5亦可以下述通式(1)表示。
[化5]*-Z1-Y10-Z2-* (1)
(上述通式(1)中,Y10表示單鍵、硫原子、-CR65R66-、-NR67-、二價之碳原子數1~35之脂肪族烴基、碳原子數6~35之含芳香環之烴基或碳原子數2~35之含雜環之基、或下述(1-1)~(1-3)所表示之任一取代基,該脂肪族烴基可經-O-、-S-、-CO-、-COO-、-OCO-或-NH-、或於氧原子不鄰接之條件下將該等組合而成之鍵結基中斷,Z1及Z2各自獨立地表示直接鍵、-O-、-S-、>CO、-CO-O-、-O-CO-、-SO2-、-SS-、-SO-、>NR67、>PR67、可具有取代基之碳原子數1~20之二價之脂肪族烴基或碳原子數6~10之二價之芳香族烴基,R65、R66及R67各自獨立地表示氫原子、可具有取代基之碳原子數1~35之脂肪族烴基、可具有取代基之碳原子數6~35之含芳香環之烴基或可具有取代基之碳原子數2~35之含雜環之基)
(上述式中,R71表示氫原子、可具有取代基之苯基、或碳原子數3~10之環烷基,R72表示碳原子數1~10之烷基、碳原子數1~10之烷氧基、碳原子數2~10之烯基或鹵素原子,上述烷基、烷氧基及烯基可具有取代基,f為0~5之整數)
(上述式中,R73及R74各自獨立地表示可具有取代基之碳原子數1~10之烷基、可具有取代基之碳原子數6~20之芳基、可具有取代基之碳原子數6~20之芳氧基、可具有取代基之碳原子數6~20之芳基硫基、可具有取代基之碳原子數6~20之芳基烯基、可具有取代基之碳原子數7~20之芳基烷基、可具有取代基之碳原子數2~20之含雜環之基或鹵素原子,該烷基及芳基烷基中之亞甲基可經不飽和鍵、-O-或-S-中斷,R73亦存在鄰接之R73彼此形成環之情況,p表示0~4之數,
q表示0~8之數,g表示0~4之數,h表示0~4之數,g與h之數之合計為2~4)
上述通式(III-A)中,於m為3時,X5亦可以下述通式(2)表示。
(上述通式(2)中,Y11表示單鍵、三價之碳原子數1~35之脂肪族烴基、碳原子數3~35之脂環族烴基、碳原子數6~35之含芳香環之烴基或碳原子數2~35之含雜環之基,Zi、Z2及Z3各自獨立地表示直接鍵、-O-、-S-、>CO、-CO-O-、-O-CO-、-SO2-、-SS-、-SO-、>NR68、>PR68、可具有取代基之碳原子數1~20之二價之脂肪族烴基或碳原子數6~10之二價之芳香族烴基,R68表示氫原子、可具有取代基之碳原子數1~35之脂肪族烴基、可具有取代基之碳原子數6~35之芳香族烴基或可具有取代基之碳原子數2~35之含雜環之基,上述各脂肪族烴基可經碳-碳雙鍵、-O-、-CO-、-O-CO-、-CO-O-或-SO2-中斷)
上述通式(III-A)中,於m為4時,X5亦可以下述通式(3)表示。
(上述通式(3)中,Y12表示單鍵、碳原子、或四價之碳原子數1~35之脂肪族烴基、碳原子數6~35之含芳香環之烴基或碳原子數2~35
之含雜環之基,該脂肪族烴基可經-COO-、-O-、-OCO-、-NHCO-、-NH-或-CONH-中斷,Z1~Z4各自獨立地為與上述通式(2)中之Z1~Z3所表示之基範圍相同之基)
上述通式(III-A)中,於m為5時,X5亦可以下述通式(4)表示。
(上述通式(4)中,Y13表示單鍵、五價之碳原子數2~35之脂肪族烴基、碳原子數6~35之含芳香環之烴基或碳原子數2~35之含雜環之基,該脂肪族烴基可經-COO-、-O-、-OCO-、-NHCO-、-NH-或-CONH-中斷,Z1~Z5各自獨立地為與上述通式(2)中之Z1~Z3所表示之基範圍相同之基)
上述通式(III-A)中,於m為6時,X5亦可以下述通式(5)表示。
(上述通式(5)中,Y14表示單鍵、六價之碳原子數2~35之脂肪族烴基、碳原子數6~35之含芳香環之烴基或碳原子數2~35之含雜環之基,該脂肪族烴基可經-COO-、-O-、-OCO-、-NHCO-、-NH-或-
CONH-中斷,Z1~Z6各自獨立地表示與上述通式(2)中之Z1~Z3所表示之基範圍相同之基)
作為上述通式(1)中之R65、R66及R67所表示之可具有取代基之碳原子數1~35之脂肪族烴基,可列舉作為上述通式(III-A)中之X5所表示之m價有機基所例示之1價脂肪族烴基及該等基經作為表示上述通式(III-A)中之X5所表示之m價有機基的基之取代基所例示者取代而成之基中的滿足特定碳原子數者等,該等基或作為上述通式(III-A)中之X5所表示之m價有機基所例示之2價脂肪族烴基經Z1及Z2取代而成之二價基係作為通式(1)中之Y10所表示之二價之碳原子數1~35之脂肪族烴基而舉出。
作為R65、R66及R67所表示之可具有取代基之碳原子數6~35之含芳香環之烴基,可列舉作為上述通式(III-A)中之X5所表示之m價有機基所例示之1價之含芳香環之烴基及該等基經作為表示上述通式(III-A)中之X5所表示之m價有機基的基之取代基所例示者取代而成之基等,該等基或作為上述通式(III-A)中之X5所表示之m價有機基所例示之2價之含芳香環之烴基經Z1及Z2取代而成之二價基係作為通式(1)中之Y10所表示之二價之碳原子數6~35之含芳香環之烴基而舉出。
作為R65、R66及R67所表示之可具有取代基之碳原子數2~35之含雜環之基,可列舉作為上述通式(III-A)中之X5所表示之m價有機基所例示之1價之含雜環之基及該等基經作為表示上述通式(III-A)中之X5所表示之m價有機基的基之取代基所例示者取代而成之基等,該等基或作為上述通式(III-A)中之X5所表示之m價有機基所例示之2價之含雜環之基經Z1及Z2取代而成之二價基係作為通式(1)中之Y10所表示之二價之碳原子數2~35之含雜環之基而舉出。
作為Z1、Z2所表示之可具有取代基之2價之碳原子數1~20之脂肪
族烴基或可具有取代基之2價之碳原子數6~10之芳香族烴基,分別可列舉上述作為Y10所表示之可具有取代基之二價之脂肪族烴基或含芳香環之烴基所記載者中的特定碳原子數者。
上述(1-1)所表示之取代基中,作為R71所表示之碳原子數3~10之環烷基,可列舉:環丙基、環丁基、環戊基、環庚基、環辛基等,作為R72所表示之碳原子數1~10之烷基,可列舉作為R61所表示之碳原子數1~40之烷基所例示之基中之滿足特定碳原子數之基等,作為R72所表示之碳原子數1~10之烷氧基,可列舉:甲氧基、乙氧基、丙氧基、異丙氧基、丁氧基、第二丁氧基、第三丁氧基、異丁氧基、戊氧基、異戊氧基、第三戊氧基、己氧基、環己氧基、庚氧基、異庚氧基、第三庚氧基、正辛氧基、異辛氧基、第三辛氧基、2-乙基己氧基、壬氧基、癸氧基等,上述苯基、烷基、烷氧基及烯基之取代基與作為表示上述通式(III-A)中之X5所表示之m價有機基的基之取代基所例示者相同。
上述(1-3)所表示之基中,作為R73及R74所表示之可具有取代基之碳原子數1~10之烷基,可列舉作為R61所表示之碳原子數1~40之烷基所例示之基中之滿足特定碳原子數之基等,作為R73及R74所表示之可具有取代基之碳原子數6~20之芳基,可列舉作為R61所表示之碳原子數6~20之芳基所例示之基等,作為R73及R74所表示之可具有取代基之碳原子數6~20之芳氧基,可列舉:苯氧基、萘氧基、2-甲基苯氧基、3-甲基苯氧基、4-甲基苯氧基、4-乙烯基苯氧基、3-異丙基苯氧基、4-異丙基苯氧基、4-丁基苯氧基、4-第三丁基苯氧基、4-己基苯氧基、4-環己基苯氧基、4-辛基苯氧基、4-(2-乙基己基)苯氧基、2,3-二甲基苯氧基、2,4-二甲基苯氧基、2,5-二甲基苯氧基、2,6-二甲基苯氧基、3,4-二甲基苯氧基、3,5-二甲基苯氧基、2,4-二第三丁基苯氧基、2,5-二第三丁基苯氧
基、2,6-二第三丁基苯氧基、2,4-二第三戊基苯氧基、2,5-第三戊基苯氧基、4-環己基苯氧基、2,4,5-三甲基苯氧基、二茂鐵基氧基等基,作為R73及R74所表示之可具有取代基之碳原子數6~20之芳基硫基,可列舉將上述可具有取代基之碳原子數6~20之芳氧基之氧原子取代為硫原子而成之基等,作為R73及R74所表示之可具有取代基之碳原子數8~20之芳基烯基,可列舉將上述可具有取代基之碳原子數6~20之芳氧基之氧原子取代為乙烯基、烯丙基、1-丙烯基、異丙烯基、2-丁烯基、1,3-丁二烯基、2-戊烯基、2-辛烯基等烯基而成之基等,作為R73及R74所表示之碳原子數7~20之芳基烷基,可列舉作為R61所表示之碳原子數7~20之芳基烷基所例示之基等,作為R73及R74所表示之可具有取代基之碳原子數2~20之含雜環之基,可列舉作為R61所表示之碳原子數2~20之含雜環之基所例示之基等。
作為上述通式(2)中之Y11所表示之三價之碳原子數1~35之脂肪族烴基,可列舉使如下基經Z1、Z2及Z3取代而成之三價基等,上述基係作為上述通式(III-A)中之X5所表示之m價有機基所例示之1價~3價之脂肪族烴基及該等基經作為表示上述通式(III-A)中之X5所表示之m價有機基的基之取代基所例示者取代而成之基中的滿足特定碳原子數者等,作為上述通式(2)中之Y11所表示之三價之碳原子數3~35之脂環族烴基,可列舉環戊基、環己基、環庚基、環辛基、環癸基、1-金剛烷基、2-金剛烷基、降金剛烷基、2-甲基金剛烷基、降基、異降基、全氫萘基、全氫蒽基、聯環[1.1.0]丁基、聯環[1.1.1]戊基、聯環[2.1.0]戊基、聯環[3.1.0]己基、聯環[2.1.1]己基、聯環[2.2.0]己基、聯環[4.1.0]庚基、聯環[3.2.0]庚基、聯環[3.1.1]庚基、聯環[2.2.1]庚基、
聯環[5.1.0]辛基、聯環[4.2.0]辛基、聯環[4.1.1]辛基、聯環[3.3.0]辛基、聯環[3.2.1]辛基、聯環[2.2.2]辛基、螺[4,4]壬基、螺[4,5]癸基、十氫萘、三環癸基、四環十二烷基、雪松醇、環十二烷基等基經Z1、Z2及Z3取代而成之三價基等,作為Y11所表示之三價之碳原子數6~35之含芳香環之烴基,可列舉使如下基經Z1、Z2及Z3取代而成之三價基等,上述基係作為上述通式(III-A)中之X5所表示之m價有機基所例示之1價~3價之含芳香環之烴基及該等基經作為表示上述通式(III-A)中之X5所表示之m價有機基的基之取代基所例示者取代而成之基等,作為Y11所表示之三價之碳原子數2~35之含雜環之基,可列舉使如下基經Z1、Z2及Z3取代而成之三價基等,上述基係作為上述通式(III-A)中之X5所表示之m價有機基所例示之1價~3價之含雜環之基及該等基經作為表示上述通式(III-A)中之X5所表示之m價有機基的基之取代基所例示者取代而成之基等,又,作為通式(2)中之R68所表示之可具有取代基之碳原子數1~35之脂肪族烴基、可具有取代基之碳原子數6~35之芳香族烴基及可具有取代基之碳原子數2~35之含雜環之基,分別可列舉上述通式(1)中之R65及R66之說明中所例示之脂肪族烴基、含芳香環之烴基、含雜環之基。
又,作為通式(2)中之Z1~Z3所表示之可具有取代基之2價之碳原子數1~20之脂肪族烴基或可具有取代基之2價之碳原子數6~10之芳香族烴基,分別可列舉與通式(1)中之Z1~Z2所表示之可具有取代基之二價之脂肪族烴基或含芳香環之烴基相同者。
作為上述通式(3)中之Y12所表示之四價之碳原子數1~35之脂肪族烴基,可列舉使如下基經Z1、Z2、Z3及Z4取代而成之四價基等,上述基係作為上述通式(III-A)中之X5所表示之m價有機基所例示之1價~
3價之脂肪族烴基及該等基經作為表示上述通式(III-A)中之X5所表示之m價有機基的基之取代基所例示者取代而成之基中的滿足特定碳原子數者等,作為Y12所表示之碳原子數6~35之含芳香環之烴基,可列舉使如下基經Z1、Z2、Z3及Z4取代而成之四價基等,上述基係作為上述通式(III-A)中之X5所表示之m價有機基所例示之1價~3價之含芳香環之烴基及該等基經作為表示上述通式(III-A)中之X所表示之m價有機基的基之取代基所例示者取代而成之基等,作為Y12所表示之四價之碳原子數2~35之含雜環之基,可列舉使如下基經Z1、Z2、Z3及Z4取代而成之四價基等,上述基係作為上述通式(III-A)中之X5所表示之m價有機基所例示之1價~3價之含雜環之基及該等基經作為表示上述通式(III-A)中之X5所表示之m價有機基的基之取代基所例示者取代而成之基等。
作為上述通式(4)中之Y13所表示之五價之碳原子數2~35之脂肪族烴基,可列舉使如下基經Z1、Z2、Z3、Z4及Z5取代而成之五價基等,上述基係作為上述通式(III-A)中之X5所表示之m價有機基所例示之1價~3價之脂肪族烴基及該等基經作為表示上述通式(III-A)中之X5所表示之m價有機基的基之取代基所例示者取代而成之基中的滿足特定碳原子數者等,作為Y13所表示之五價之碳原子數6~35之含芳香環之烴基,可列舉使如下基經Z1、Z2、Z3、Z4及Z5取代而成之五價基等,上述基係作為上述通式(III-A)中之X5所表示之m價有機基所例示之1價~3價之含芳香環之烴基及該等基經作為表示上述通式(I-A)中之X5所表示之m價有機基的基之取代基所例示者取代而成之基等,作為Y13所表示之五價之碳原子數2~35之含雜環之基,可列舉使如下基經Z1、Z2、Z3、Z4及Z5取代而成之五價基等,上述基係作為上
述通式(III-A)中之X5所表示之m價有機基所例示之1價~3價之含雜環之基及該等基經作為表示上述通式(III-A)中之X5所表示之m價有機基的基之取代基所例示者取代而成之基等。
作為上述通式(5)中之Y14所表示之六價之碳原子數2~35之脂肪族烴基,可列舉使如下基經Z1、Z2、Z3、Z4、Z5及Z6取代而成之六價基等,上述基係作為上述通式(III-A)中之X5所表示之m價有機基所例示之1價~3價之脂肪族烴基及該等基經作為表示上述通式(III-A)中之X5所表示之m價有機基的基之取代基所例示者取代而成之基中的滿足特定碳原子數者等,作為Y14所表示之六價之碳原子數6~35之含芳香環之烴基,可列舉使如下基經Z1、Z2、Z3、Z4、Z5及Z6取代而成之六價基等,上述基係作為上述通式(III-A)中之X5所表示之m價有機基所例示之1價~3價之含芳香環之烴基及該等基經作為表示上述通式(III-A)中之X5所表示之m價有機基的基之取代基所例示者取代而成之基等,作為Y14所表示之六價之碳原子數2~35之含雜環之基,可列舉使如下基經Z1、Z2、Z3、Z4、Z5及Z6取代而成之六價基等,上述基係作為上述通式(III-A)中之X5所表示之m價有機基所例示之1價~3價之含雜環之基及該等基經作為表示上述通式(I-A)中之X5所表示之m價有機基的基之取代基所例示者取代而成之基等。
上述通式(III-A)中,但d與k之合計為環A1可取之取代基之數量以下。較佳為d與k之合計小於環A1可取之取代基之數量。例如於環A1為六員環之芳香環時,環A1可取之取代基之數量為6,d+k≦6。於環A1為五員環之雜環時,環A1可取之取代基之數量為4,d+k≦4。
上述通式(III-A)所表示之化合物之中,下述通式(IV)~(VI)中之任一者所表示之化合物易於合成且耐熱性變高,因此較佳。
(式中,環A2為六員環之脂環、芳香環或雜環,R81、R82、R83、R84及R85表示氫原子、鹵素原子、氰基、羥基、硝基、羧基、可具有取代基之碳原子數1~40之烷基、碳原子數6~20之芳基、碳原子數7~20之芳基烷基、碳原子數2~20之含雜環之基或-O-R62,R81、R82、R83、R84及R85中之至少一者並非氫原子,R62與上述通式(III)中相同)
(式中,X11為上述通式(1)所表示之基,R86、R87、R88及R89表示氫原子、鹵素原子、氰基、羥基、硝基、羧基、可具有取代基之碳原子數1~40之烷基、碳原子數6~20之芳基、碳原子數7~20之芳基烷基或碳原子數2~20之含雜環之基,R86、R87、R88及R89中之至少一者並非氫原子,R62與上述通式(III)中相同,環A2與上述通式(IV)中相同)
(式中,r=2~6,X3於r=2時為上述通式(1)所表示之基,於r=3時為上述通式(2)所表示之基,於r=4時為上述通式(3)所表示之基,於r=5時為上述通式(4)所表示之基,於r=6時為上述通式(5)所表示之基,R91、R92、R93及R94表示氫原子、鹵素原子、氰基、羥基、硝基、羧基、可具有取代基之碳原子數1~40之烷基、碳原子數6~20之芳基、碳原子數7~20之芳基烷基或碳原子數2~20之含雜環之基,R91、R92、R93及R94中之至少一者並非氫原子,R62與上述通式(III)中相同,環A2與上述通式(IV)中相同)
作為上述通式(IV)中之環A2所表示之六員環之脂環、芳香環或雜環,可列舉上述通式(III)中之環A1之說明中所例示者,作為R81、R82、R83、R84及R85所表示之鹵素原子、可具有取代基之碳原子數1~40之烷基、碳原子數6~20之芳基、碳原子數7~20之芳基烷基、碳原子數2~20之含雜環之基,可列舉上述通式(III)中之R61或R62之說明中所例示者,作為上述通式(V)中之R86、R87、R88及R89所表示之鹵素原子、可具有取代基之碳原子數1~40之烷基、碳原子數6~20之芳基、碳原子數7~20之芳基烷基、碳原子數2~20之含雜環之基,可列舉上述通式(III)中之R61或R62之說明中所例示者,作為上述通式(VI)中之R91、R92、R93及R94所表示之鹵素原子、可具有取代基之碳原子數1~40之烷基、碳原子數6~20之芳基、碳原子數7~20之芳基烷基、碳原子數2~20之含雜環之基,可列舉上述通式(III)中之R61或R62之說明中所例示者。
上述通式(IV)所表示之化合物中,環A2較佳為苯、萘,R81、R82、R83、R84及R85中之作為氫原子以外之基較佳為碳原子數1~20之烷基、碳原子數6~10之芳基、碳原子數7~12之芳基烷基、碳原子數2~10之含雜環之基,尤佳為R81~R85中之任一者為碳
原子數1~4之烷基或碳原子數2~10之含雜環之基,R62較佳為經由-CO-O-具有下述取代基。
.碳原子數1~8之烷基(尤其為甲基、乙基、丙基、異丙基、丁基、第二丁基、第三丁基、異丁基、戊基、1-甲基丁基、2-甲基丁基、3-甲基丁基、1-乙基丙基、1,1-二甲基丙基、1,2-二甲基丙基、2,2-二甲基丙基)
.碳原子數7~10之芳基烷基(尤其為苄基)
.碳原子數2~6之烯基(尤其為丙烯-1-基)
上述通式(V)所表示之化合物中,環A2較佳為苯、萘,R86、R87、R88及R89中之作為氫原子以外之基較佳為碳原子數1~20之烷基、碳原子數6~10之芳基、碳原子數7~12之芳基烷基、碳原子數2~10之含雜環之基,尤佳為碳原子數1~8之烷基、碳原子數2~10之含雜環之基,R62較佳為經由-CO-O-具有下述取代基。
.碳原子數1~8之烷基(尤其為甲基、乙基、丙基、異丙基、丁基、第二丁基、第三丁基、異丁基、戊基、1-甲基丁基、2-甲基丁基、3-甲基丁基、1-乙基丙基、1,1-二甲基丙基、1,2-二甲基丙基、2,2-二甲基丙基)
.碳原子數7~10之芳基烷基(尤其為苄基)
.碳原子數2~6之烯基(尤其為丙烯-1-基)
表示X11之上述通式(1)中,Y10較佳為硫原子、碳原子數6~25之含芳香環之烴基、碳原子數2~21之含雜環之基,Z1及Z2較佳為直接鍵、-CO-O-、-O-CO-、或者可具有取代基或可經-COO-、-O-、-OCO-、-NHCO-、-NH-或-CONH-(以下簡記為「-COO-等」)中斷之碳原子數1~20之脂肪族烴基或碳原子數6~10之芳
香族烴基,尤佳為可具有取代基或可經-COO-等中斷之碳原子數1~8之脂肪族烴基。
上述通式(VI)所表示之化合物中,R91、R92、R93及R94中之作為氫原子以外之基較佳為碳原子數1~20之烷基、碳原子數6~10之芳基、碳原子數7~12之芳基烷基、碳原子數2~10之含雜環之基,尤佳為R91~R94中之任一者為碳原子數1~4之烷基或碳原子數2~10之含雜環之基。
R62較佳為經由-CO-O-具有下述取代基。
.碳原子數1~8之烷基(尤其為甲基、乙基、丙基、異丙基、丁基、第二丁基、第三丁基、異丁基、戊基、1-甲基丁基、2-甲基丁基、3-甲基丁基、1-乙基丙基、1,1-二甲基丙基、1,2-二甲基丙基、2,2-二甲基丙基)
.碳原子數1~10之芳基烷基(尤其為苄基)
.碳原子數2~6之烯基(尤其為丙烯-1-基)
於X3為上述通式(1)所表示之基之情形時,通式(1)中之Y10較佳為硫原子、2價之碳原子數1~20之烷基、碳原子數6~25之含芳香環之烴基、碳原子數2~21之含雜環之基或2,4,8,10-四氧雜螺[5,5]十一烷,尤佳為2價之碳原子數1~15之烷基、碳原子數6~15之含芳香環之烴基或2,4,8,10-四氧雜螺[5,5]十一烷,Z1及Z2較佳為直接鍵、-CO-O-、-O-CO-、或者可具有取代基或可經-COO-等中斷之碳原子數1~20之脂肪族烴基、碳原子數6~10之芳香族烴基,尤佳為可具有取代基或可經-COO-等中斷之碳原子數1~8之脂肪族烴基。
於X3為上述通式(2)所表示之基之情形時,Y11較佳為3價之碳原子數1~20之烷基、碳原子數6~10之芳基、碳原子數7~12之芳基烷基或碳原子數1~10之含雜環之基,尤佳為3價之碳原子數1~8之烷
基、碳原子數6~9之芳基或碳原子數2~6之含雜環之基,Z1、Z2及Z3較佳為與Z1及Z2相同,於X3為上述通式(3)之情形時,Y12為4價,除此以外較佳為與Y11相同,Z1~Z4較佳為與Z1及Z2相同,於X3為上述通式(4)之情形時,Y13為5價,除此以外較佳為與Y11相同,Z1~Z5較佳為與Z1及Z2相同,於X3為上述通式(5)之情形時,Y14為6價,除此以外較佳為與Y11相同,Z1~Z6較佳為與Z1及Z2相同。
本發明之組合物中,上述潛伏性添加劑(A)之含量較佳為0.001~20質量%,更佳為0.005~5質量%。
本發明之組合物所使用之聚合起始劑(B)包含一種以上之上述通式(I)所表示之肟酯化合物。
上述通式(I)所表示之肟酯化合物存在基於肟之雙鍵之幾何異構物,但不對該等加以區別。
即,本說明書中,上述通式(I)所表示之化合物及其例示化合物表示兩者之混合物或任一者,並不限於表示異構物之結構。
作為上述通式(I)中之R3、R11、R12、R13、R14、R15、R16、R21、R22、R23及R24所表示之碳原子數1~20之烷基,例如可列舉:甲基、乙基、丙基、異丙基、丁基、異丁基、第二丁基、第三丁基、戊基、異戊基、第三戊基、己基、庚基、辛基、異辛基、2-乙基己基、第三辛基、壬基、異壬基、癸基、異癸基、十一烷基、十二烷基、十四烷基、十六烷基、十八烷基、二十烷基、環戊基、環戊基甲基、環戊基
乙基、環己基、環己基甲基、環己基乙基等。
作為上述通式(I)中之R3、R11、R12、R13、R21、R22、R23及R24所表示之碳原子數6~30之芳基,例如可列舉:苯基、甲苯基、二甲苯基、乙基苯基、萘基、蒽基、菲基、經1個以上之上述烷基取代之苯基、聯苯基、萘基、蒽基等。
作為上述通式(I)中之R3、R11、R12、R13、R21、R22、R23及R24所表示之碳原子數7~30之芳基烷基,例如可列舉:苄基、α-甲基苄基、α,α-二甲基苄基、苯基乙基等。
作為上述通式(I)中之R3、R11、R12、R13、R21、R22、R23及R24所表示之碳原子數2~20之含雜環之基,例如可列舉:吡啶基、嘧啶基、呋喃基、噻吩基、四氫呋喃基、二氧戊環基、苯并唑-2-基、四氫吡喃基、吡咯啶基、咪唑啶基、吡唑啶基、噻唑啶基、異噻唑啶基、唑啶基、異唑啶基、哌啶基、哌基、嗎啉基等5~7員雜環或於該5~7員雜環上鍵結有二價鍵結基而成之基。
作為上述通式(I)中之R4與R5、R5與R6及R6與R7以及R3與R7及R3與R8可一起形成之環,例如可較佳地列舉:環戊烷環、環己烷環、環戊烯環、苯環、哌啶環、嗎啉環、內酯環、內醯胺環等5~7員環。
又,作為上述通式(I)中之R4、R5、R6、R7及R8所表示之鹵素原子、以及可取代上述通式(I)中之R3、R11、R12、R13、R21、R22及R23之鹵素原子,可列舉:氟、氯、溴、碘。
通式(I)所表示之肟酯化合物中,R3為碳原子數1~12之烷基或碳原子數2~12之含雜環之基者易於製造,因此較佳。又,R3為可經縮合之芳香族環者、或下述通式(VII)所表示之化合物由於感度較高、易於製造,故而較佳。
(式中,R1、R2、R4、R5、R6、R7、R8及n與上述通式(I)中相同,R31、R32、R33、R34及R35各自獨立地表示R11、OR11、SR11、COR11、CONR15R16、NR12COR11、OCOR11、COOR14、SCOR11、OCSR11、COSR14、CSOR11、羥基、硝基、CN或鹵素原子,R31與R32、R32與R33、R33與R34及R34與R35分別可一起形成環)
作為R31與R32、R32與R33、R33與R34及R34與R35一起形成之環之例,可列舉與上述作為R4與R5、R5與R6及R6與R7以及R3與R7及R3與R8可一起形成之環之例所列舉者相同之環。
上述通式(I)及(VII)中,R1為碳原子數1~12之烷基或碳原子數7~15之芳基烷基、或者R1為R11、OR11且R11為碳原子數6~12之芳基或碳原子數1~8之烷基者由於溶劑溶解性較高,故而較佳,R2為甲基、乙基或苯基者由於反應性較高,故而較佳,R4~R7各自獨立地為氫原子、氰基或OR11且R11為具有羥基之碳原子數1~8之烷基者、尤其R4~R7各自獨立地為氫原子或氰基者、尤其各自獨立地為氫原子者由於易於合成,故而較佳,R8為氫原子者由於易於合成,故而較佳,n為1者由於感度較高,故而較佳,上述通式(VII)中,R31~R35中之至少一者為硝基、CN、鹵素原子、COR11且R11為碳原子數6~12之芳基或碳原子數1~8之烷基者由於感度較高,故而較佳,更佳為R31~R35中之至少一者為硝基、CN或鹵素原子者,尤佳為R33為硝基、CN或鹵素原子者。
因此,作為上述通式(I)所表示之本發明之肟酯化合物之較佳之
具體例,可列舉以下之化合物No.1~No.214。但本發明並不受以下化合物之任何限制。
上述聚合起始劑(B)可將複數種上述通式(I)所表示之肟酯化合物混合使用,又,亦可與下述通式(II)所表示之肟酯化合物並用。
(式中,R101及R102各自獨立地表示氫原子、氰基、碳原子數1~20之烷基、碳原子數6~20之芳基、碳原子數7~20之芳基烷基或碳原子數2~20之含雜環之基,R103及R104各自獨立地表示鹵素原子、硝基、氰基、羥基、羧基、R105、OR106、SR107、NR108R109、COR110、SOR111、SO2R112或CONR113R114,R103及R104可相互鍵結而形成環,R103彼此、R104彼此亦可相互鍵結而形成環,X11表示氧原子、硫原子、硒原子、CR115R116、CO、NR117或PR118,X12表示單鍵或CO,R105、R106、R107、R108、R109、R110、R111、R112、R113、R114、R115、R116、R117及R118各自獨立地表示碳原子數1~20之烷基、碳原子數6~20之芳基、碳原子數7~20之芳基烷基或碳原子數2~20之含雜環之基,R101、R102、R105、R106、R107、R108、R109、R110、R111、R112、R113、R114、R115、R116、R117及R118中之碳原子數1~20之烷基可為直鏈狀或支鏈狀或環狀或直鏈與環之組合或支鏈與環之組合,R101、R102、R105、R106、R107、R108、R109、R110、R111、R112、R113、R114、R115、R116、R117及R118中之碳原子數1~20之烷基或碳原子數7~20之芳基烷基中之亞甲基可經鹵素原子、硝基、氰基、羥
基、羧基或含環之基取代,亦可經-O-中斷,a表示0~4之整數,b表示0~5之整數)
本發明中,作為與通式(I)所表示之肟酯化合物併用之聚合起始劑,亦可使用上述通式(II)所表示之聚合起始劑以外之其他聚合起始劑。關於其他聚合起始劑,作為較佳者,可例示:苯乙酮系化合物、苯偶醯系化合物、二苯甲酮系化合物、9-氧硫系化合物、聯咪唑系化合物、吖啶系化合物、醯基膦系化合物等。
作為上述苯乙酮系化合物,例如可列舉:二乙氧基苯乙酮、2-羥基-2-甲基-1-苯基丙烷-1-酮、4'-異丙基-2-羥基-2-甲基苯丙酮、2-羥基甲基-2-甲基苯丙酮、2,2-二甲氧基-1,2-二苯基乙烷-1-酮、對二甲基胺基苯乙酮、對第三丁基二氯苯乙酮、對第三丁基三氯苯乙酮、對疊氮苯亞甲基苯乙酮、1-羥基環己基苯基酮、2-甲基-1-[4-(甲基硫基)苯基]-2-嗎啉基丙酮-1、2-苄基-2-二甲基胺基-1-(4-嗎啉基苯基)-丁酮-1、安息香、安息香甲醚、安息香乙醚、安息香異丙醚、安息香正丁醚、安息香異丁醚、1-[4-(2-羥基乙氧基)-苯基]-2-羥基-2-甲基-1-丙烷-1-酮等。
作為上述苯偶醯系化合物,可列舉苯偶醯等。
作為上述二苯甲酮系化合物,例如可列舉:二苯甲酮、鄰苯甲醯苯甲酸甲酯、米其勒酮、4,4'-雙二乙基胺基二苯甲酮、4,4'-二氯二苯甲酮、4-苯甲醯基-4'-甲基二苯硫醚等。
作為上述聯咪唑系化合物,可使用六芳基聯咪唑(HABI,三芳基咪唑之二聚物),具體而言,例如可列舉:2,2'-雙(2-氯苯基)-4,4',5,5'-
四(4-乙氧基羰基苯基)-1,2'-聯咪唑、2,2'-雙(2-溴苯基)-4,4',5,5'-四(4-乙氧基羰基苯基)-1,2'-聯咪唑、2,2'-雙(2-氯苯基)-4,4',5,5'-四苯基-1,2'-聯咪唑、2,2'-雙(2,4-二氯苯基)-4,4',5,5'-四苯基-1,2'-聯咪唑、2,2'-雙(2,4,6-三氯苯基)-4,4',5,5'-四苯基-1,2'-聯咪唑、2,2'-雙(2-溴苯基)-4,4',5,5'-四苯基-1,2'-聯咪唑、2,2'-雙(2,4-二溴苯基)-4,4',5,5'-四苯基-1,2'-聯咪唑、2,2'-雙(2,4,6-三溴苯基)-4,4',5,5'-四苯基-1,2'-聯咪唑、2,4,5,2',4',5'-六苯基聯咪唑、2,2'-雙(2-氯苯基)-4,5,4',5'-四苯基聯咪唑、2,2'-雙(2-溴苯基)-4,5,4',5'-四苯基聯咪唑、2,2'-雙(2,4-二氯苯基)-4,5,4',5'-四苯基聯咪唑、2,2'-雙(2-氯苯基)-4,5,4',5'-四(3-甲氧基苯基)聯咪唑、2,2'-雙(2-氯苯基)-4,5,4',5'-四(3,4,5-三甲氧基苯基)-聯咪唑、2,5,2',5'-四(2-氯苯基)-4,4'-雙(3,4-二甲氧基苯基)聯咪唑、2,2'-雙(2,6-二氯苯基)-4,5,4',5'-四苯基聯咪唑、2,2'-雙(2-硝基苯基)-4,5,4',5'-四苯基聯咪唑、2,2'-二鄰甲苯基-4,5,4',5'-四苯基聯咪唑、2,2'-雙(2-乙氧基苯基)-4,5,4',5'-四苯基聯咪唑及2,2'-雙(2,6-二氟苯基)-4,5,4',5'-四苯基聯咪唑、5'-四(對碘苯基)聯咪唑、2,2'-雙(鄰氯苯基-4,4',5,5'-四(間甲氧基苯基)聯咪唑)、2,2'-雙(對甲基硫基苯基)-4,5,4',5'-二苯基-1,1'-聯咪唑、雙(2,4,5-三苯基)-1,1'-聯咪唑、5,5'-四(對氯萘基)聯咪唑等或日本專利特公昭45-37377號公報所揭示之於1,2'-、1,4'-、2,4'-進行共價鍵結之互變異構物、WO00/52529號公報所記載之化合物等。
作為上述吖啶系化合物,可列舉:吖啶、9-苯基吖啶、9-(對甲基苯基)吖啶、9-(對乙基苯基)吖啶、9-(對異丙基苯基)吖啶、9-(對正丁基苯基)吖啶、9-(對第三丁基苯基)吖啶、9-(對甲氧基苯基)吖啶、9-(對乙氧基苯基)吖啶、9-(對乙醯基苯基)吖啶、9-(對二甲基胺基苯基)吖啶、9-(對氰基苯基苯基)吖啶、9-(對氯苯基)吖啶、9-(對溴苯基)吖啶、9-(間甲基苯基)吖啶、9-(間正丙基苯基)吖啶、9-(間異丙基苯基)吖啶、9-(間正丁基苯基)吖啶、9-(間第三丁基苯基)吖啶、9-(間甲
氧基苯基)吖啶、9-(間乙氧基苯基)吖啶、9-(間乙醯基苯基)吖啶、9-(間二甲基胺基苯基)吖啶、9-(間二乙基胺基苯基)吖啶、9-(氰基苯基)吖啶、9-(間氯苯基)吖啶、9-(間溴苯基)吖啶、9-甲基吖啶、9-乙基吖啶、9-正丙基吖啶、9-異丙基吖啶、9-氰基乙基吖啶、9-羥基乙基吖啶、9-氯乙基吖啶、9-溴吖啶、9-羥基吖啶、9-硝基吖啶、9-胺基吖啶、9-甲氧基吖啶、9-乙氧基吖啶、9-正丙氧基吖啶、9-異丙氧基吖啶、9-氯乙氧基吖啶、4,6-雙(二甲基胺基)吖啶、10-乙酸吖啶、10-甲基乙酸吖啶、3,6-二甲基吖啶、7,13-二甲基吖啶、7,13-雙(二甲基胺基)吖啶、3,6-二甲基-10-乙酸吖啶、3,5-二甲基-10-甲基乙酸吖啶、7,13-二甲基-10-乙酸吖啶、7,13-二甲基-10-甲基乙酸吖啶、1,7-雙(9-吖啶基)庚烷、1,5-雙(9-吖啶基)戊烷、1,3-雙(9-吖啶基)丙烷、2,7-二苯甲醯基-9-苯基吖啶、2,7-雙(α-羥基苄基)-9-苯基吖啶、2,7-雙(α-乙醯氧基苄基)-9-苯基吖啶、2,7-二甲基-9-(4-甲基苯基)吖啶、2,7-二甲基-9-苯基吖啶、2,7-雙(3,4-二甲基-苯甲醯基)-9-(3,4-二甲基苯基)吖啶、2,7-雙(α-乙醯氧基-4-第三丁基苄基)-9-(4-第三丁基苯基)吖啶、2,7-二甲基-9-(3,4-二氯苯基)吖啶、2,7-二甲基-9-(4-苯甲醯基苯基)吖啶、2,7-雙(2-氯苯甲醯基)-9-(2-氯苯基)吖啶、2-(α-羥基-3-溴苄基)-6-甲基-9-(3-溴苯基)吖啶、2,5-雙(4-第三丁基苯甲醯基)-9-(4-第三丁基苯基)吖啶、1,4-雙(2,7-二甲基-9-吖啶基)苯、2,7-雙(α-苯基胺基羰氧基-3,4-二甲基苄基)-9-(3,4-二甲基苯基)吖啶及2,7-雙(3,5-二甲基-4-羥基-4'-氟二苯基甲基)-9-(4-氟苯基)吖啶、9,10-二氫吖啶、1-甲基吖啶、4-甲基吖啶、2,3-二甲基吖啶、1-苯基吖啶、4-苯基吖啶、1-苄基吖啶、4-苄基吖啶、1-氯吖啶、2,3-二氯吖啶、10-丁基-2-氯吖啶-9(10H)-酮、10-丙基-2-氯吖啶-9(10H)-酮、10-丁基-2-氯吖啶-9(10H)-酮、1,2-雙(9-吖啶基)乙烷、1,3-雙(9-吖啶基)丙烷、1,4-雙(9-吖啶基)丁烷、1,6-雙(9-吖啶基)己烷、1,7-雙(9-吖啶基)庚烷、1,8-雙(9-吖啶
基)辛烷、1,9-雙(9-吖啶基)壬烷、1,10-雙(9-吖啶基)癸烷、1,11-雙(9-吖啶基)十一烷、1,12-雙(9-吖啶基)十二烷、1,14-雙(9-吖啶基)十四烷、1,16-雙(9-吖啶基)十六烷、1,18-雙(9-吖啶基)十八烷、1,20-雙(9-吖啶基)二十烷、1,3-雙(9-吖啶基)-2-硫雜丙烷、1,5-雙(9-吖啶基)-3-硫雜戊烷、7-甲基-苯并[c]吖啶、7-乙基-苯并[c]吖啶、7-丙基-苯并[c]吖啶、7-丁基-苯并[c]吖啶、7-戊基-苯并[c]吖啶、7-己基-苯并[c]吖啶、7-庚基-苯并[c]吖啶、7-辛基-苯并[c]吖啶、7-壬基-苯并[c]吖啶、7-癸基-苯并[c]吖啶、7-十一烷基-苯并[c]吖啶、7-十二烷基-苯并[c]吖啶、7-十三烷基-苯并[c]吖啶、7-十四烷基-苯并[c]吖啶、7-十五烷基-苯并[c]吖啶、7-十六烷基-苯并[c]吖啶、7-十七烷基-苯并[c]吖啶、7-十八烷基-苯并[c]吖啶、7-十九烷基-苯并[c]吖啶、1,1-雙(7-苯并[c]吖啶基)甲烷、1,2-雙(7-苯并[c]吖啶基)乙烷、1,3-雙(7-苯并[c]吖啶基)丙烷、1,4-雙(7-苯并[c]吖啶基)丁烷、1,5-雙(7-苯并[c]吖啶基)戊烷、1,6-雙(7-苯并[c]吖啶基)己烷、1,7-雙(7-苯并[c]吖啶基)庚烷、1,8-雙(7-苯并[c]吖啶基)辛烷、1,9-雙(7-苯并[c]吖啶基)壬烷、1,10-雙(7-苯并[c]吖啶基)癸烷、1,11-雙(7-苯并[c]吖啶基)十一烷、1,12-雙(7-苯并[c]吖啶基)十二烷、1,13-雙(7-苯并[c]吖啶基)十三烷、1,14-雙(7-苯并[c]吖啶基)十四烷、1,15-雙(7-苯并[c]吖啶基)十五烷、1,16-雙(7-苯并[c]吖啶基)十六烷、1,17-雙(7-苯并[c]吖啶基)十七烷、1,18-雙(7-苯并[c]吖啶基)十八烷、1,19-雙(7-苯并[c]吖啶基)十九烷、1,20-雙(7-苯并[c]吖啶基)二十烷、7-苯基-苯并[c]吖啶、7-(2-氯苯基)-苯并[c]吖啶、7-(4-甲基苯基)-苯并[c]吖啶、7-(4-硝基苯基)-苯并[c]吖啶、1,3-雙(7-苯并[c]吖啶基)苯、1,4-雙(7-苯并[c]吖啶基)苯、7-[1-丙烯-3-基(苯并[c]吖啶)]、7-[1-乙基戊基-(苯并[c]吖啶)]、7-[8-十七烯-(苯并[c]吖啶)]、7,8-二苯基-1,14-雙(7-苯并[c]吖啶基)十四烷、1,2-雙(7-苯并[c]吖啶基)乙烯、1-甲基-1,2-雙(7-苯并[c]吖啶基)乙烯、7-苯乙烯基-苯
并[c]吖啶、7-(1-丙烯基)-苯并[c]吖啶、7-(1-戊烯基)-苯并[c]吖啶、9-(2-吡啶基)吖啶、9-(3-吡啶基)吖啶、9-(4-吡啶基)吖啶、9-(4-嘧啶基)吖啶、9-(2-吡基)吖啶、9-(5-甲基-2-吡基)吖啶、9-(2-喹啉基)吖啶、9-(2-吡啶基)-2-甲基吖啶、9-(2-吡啶基)-2-乙基吖啶、9-(3-吡啶基)-2-甲基吖啶、9-(3-吡啶基)-2,4-二乙基吖啶、3,6-二胺基吖啶磺酸鹽、3,6-雙(二甲基胺基)吖啶磺酸鹽、3,6-二胺基-10-甲基-吖啶鎓氯化物、9-吖啶羧酸等。
作為上述醯基膦系化合物,可列舉:2,4,6-三甲基苯甲醯基二苯基氧化膦(Lucirin TPO:BASF公司製造)、異丁醯基-甲基次膦酸甲酯、異丁醯基-苯基次膦酸甲酯、特戊醯基-苯基次膦酸甲酯、2-乙基己醯基-苯基次膦酸甲酯、特戊醯基-苯基次膦酸異丙酯、對甲苯甲醯基-苯基次膦酸甲酯、鄰甲苯甲醯基-苯基次膦酸甲酯、2,4-二甲基苯甲醯基-苯基次膦酸甲酯、對三級丁基苯甲醯基-苯基次膦酸異丙酯、丙烯醯基-苯基次膦酸甲酯、異丁醯基-二苯基氧化膦、2-乙基己醯基-二苯基氧化膦、鄰甲苯甲醯基-二苯基氧化膦、對三級丁基苯甲醯基-二苯基氧化膦、3-吡啶基羰基-二苯基氧化膦、丙烯醯基-二苯基氧化膦、苯甲醯基-二苯基氧化膦、特戊醯基-苯基次膦酸乙烯酯、己二醯基-雙-二苯基氧化膦、特戊醯基-二苯基氧化膦、對甲苯甲醯基-二苯基氧化膦、4-(三級丁基)-苯甲醯基-二苯基氧化膦、2-甲基苯甲醯基-二苯基氧化膦、2-甲基-2-乙基己醯基-二苯基氧化膦、1-甲基-環己醯基-二苯基氧化膦、特戊醯基-苯基次膦酸甲酯及特戊醯基-苯基次膦酸異丙酯、4-辛基苯基氧化膦、對苯二甲醯基-雙-二苯基氧化膦、1-甲基-環己基羰基二苯基氧化膦、柯赫醯基(versatoyl)-二苯基氧化膦、雙(2,4,6-三甲基苯甲醯基)-2,4-二異丁氧基苯基氧化膦、雙(2,4,6-三甲基苯甲醯基)苯基氧化膦(Irgacure819;BASF公司製造)、雙(2,4,6-三甲基苯甲醯基)-2,5-二甲基苯基氧化膦、雙(2,6-二氯-3,4,5-三甲氧基苯
甲醯基)-2,5-二甲基苯基氧化膦、雙(2,6-二氯-3,4,5-三甲氧基苯甲醯基)-4-乙氧基苯基氧化膦、雙(2-甲基-1-萘甲醯基)-2,5-二甲基苯基氧化膦、雙(2-甲基-1-萘甲醯基)-4-乙氧基苯基氧化膦、雙(2-甲基-1-萘甲醯基)-2-萘基氧化膦、雙(2-甲基-1-萘甲醯基)-4-丙基苯基氧化膦、雙(2-甲基-1-萘甲醯基)-2,5-二甲基苯基氧化膦、雙(2-甲氧基-1-萘甲醯基)-4-乙氧基苯基氧化膦、雙(2-氯-1-萘甲醯基)-2,5-二甲基苯基氧化膦、雙(2,6-二甲氧基苯甲醯基)-2,4,4-三甲基戊基氧化膦、雙(2,4,6-三甲基苯甲醯基)-2,4-二辛氧基苯基氧化膦、雙(2,4,6-三甲基苯甲醯基)-2,4-二異丙氧基苯基氧化膦、雙(2,4,6-三甲基苯甲醯基)-2,4-二己氧基苯基氧化膦、雙(2,4,6-三甲基苯甲醯基)-2-丙氧基-4-甲基苯基氧化膦、雙(2,4,6-三甲基苯甲醯基)-2,4-二異戊氧基苯基氧化膦、雙(2,6-二氯苯甲醯基)苯基氧化膦、雙(2,6-二氯苯甲醯基)-2,5-二甲基苯基氧化膦、雙(2,6-二氯苯甲醯基)-苯基氧化膦、雙(2,6-二氯苯甲醯基)-4-聯苯基氧化膦、雙(2,6-二氯苯甲醯基)-4-丙基苯基氧化膦、雙(2,6-二氯苯甲醯基)-2-萘基氧化膦、雙(2,6-二氯苯甲醯基)-1-萘基氧化膦、雙(2,6-二甲氧基苯甲醯基)-2,4,4-三甲基-戊基氧化膦(CGI403)、亞磷酸6-三甲基苯甲醯基乙酯苯酯(SPEEDCURE TPO-L;Lambson公司製造)等。
本發明之組合物中,上述聚合起始劑之合計含量於本發明之組合物之固形物成分中較佳為0.1~30質量%、尤其0.5~10質量%。若上述聚合起始劑之含量小於0.1質量%,則存在藉由曝光而進行之硬化不充分之情況,若大於30質量%,則存在樹脂組合物中之起始劑析出之情況。聚合起始劑整體之100質量份中之上述通式(I)所表示之肟酯化合物之比率較佳為25質量份以上,更佳為50質量份以上,尤佳為75質量份以上。
本發明之組合物亦可將潛伏性抗氧化劑(A)及聚合起始劑(B)、以
及樹脂、光聚合性不飽和單體及視需要之溶劑、無機化合物、色材等進行混合,製成感光性組合物而使用。
作為上述樹脂,只要為與上述聚合起始劑、光聚合性不飽和單體相溶者,則可無特別限制地使用,例如可列舉包含源自光聚合性不飽和單體之重複單元之均聚物或共聚物。其中,甲基丙烯酸酯共聚物、聚乙烯醇/聚乙烯醚/聚乙烯酯共聚物、不飽和聚酯等由於與上述光聚合性不飽和單體之相溶性較佳,故而較佳,就光刻性之方面而言,較佳為具有酸值者。
作為上述具有酸值之樹脂(或其單體),可使用(甲基)丙烯酸、α-氯丙烯酸、伊康酸、順丁烯二酸、檸康酸、反丁烯二酸、雙環庚烯二甲酸、丁烯酸、異丁烯酸、乙烯基乙酸、烯丙基乙酸、肉桂酸、山梨酸、中康酸、琥珀酸單[2-(甲基)丙烯醯氧基乙基]酯、苯二甲酸單[2-(甲基)丙烯醯氧基乙基]酯、ω-羧基聚己內酯單(甲基)丙烯酸酯等兩末端具有羧基與羥基之聚合物之單(甲基)丙烯酸酯、(甲基)丙烯酸羥基乙酯-順丁烯二酸酯、(甲基)丙烯酸羥基丙酯-順丁烯二酸酯、二環戊二烯-順丁烯二酸酯或具有1個羧基與2個以上之(甲基)丙烯醯基之多官能(甲基)丙烯酸酯等不飽和多元酸;二季戊四醇五(甲基)丙烯酸酯、季戊四醇三(甲基)丙烯酸酯等不飽和一元酸及多元醇或多元酚之酯;4-羥基苯乙烯、乙烯基苯甲酸、乙烯基苯酚、乙烯基磺酸、4-乙烯基苯磺酸、乙烯基苄基縮水甘油醚等不飽和芳香族化合物;烯丙醇、巴豆醇等乙烯醇;季戊四醇三丙烯酸酯、二季戊四醇五丙烯酸酯等含羥基之多官能丙烯酸酯與琥珀酸酐、鄰苯二甲酸酐、四氫鄰苯二甲酸酐等二元酸酐之反應物;雙酚型環氧化合物或酚醛清漆型環氧化合物與不飽和一元酸之反應物;使多元酸酐等酸酐和雙酚型環氧化合物或酚醛清漆型環氧化合物與不飽和一元酸之反應物進行反應所得者。該等單體可單獨使用1種或將2種以上混合使用。又,上述具有酸值之樹脂
較佳為含有0.2~1.0當量之不飽和基。
作為作用於上述雙酚型環氧化合物或酚醛清漆型環氧化合物之環氧基上的上述不飽和一元酸,可列舉:丙烯酸、甲基丙烯酸、丁烯酸、肉桂酸、山梨酸、甲基丙烯酸羥基乙酯-順丁烯二酸酯、丙烯酸羥基乙酯-順丁烯二酸酯、甲基丙烯酸羥基丙酯-順丁烯二酸酯、丙烯酸羥基丙酯-順丁烯二酸酯、二環戊二烯-順丁烯二酸酯等。
又,作為於上述不飽和一元酸作用後發揮作用之上述多元酸酐,可列舉:聯苯四羧酸二酐、四氫鄰苯二甲酸酐、琥珀酸酐、順丁烯二酸酐、偏苯三甲酸酐、均苯四甲酸二酐、2,2'-3,3'-二苯甲酮四羧酸二酐、乙二醇雙脫水偏苯三酸酯、甘油三脫水偏苯三酸酯、六氫鄰苯二甲酸酐、甲基四氫鄰苯二甲酸酐、耐地酸酐、甲基耐地酸酐、三烷基四氫鄰苯二甲酸酐、六氫鄰苯二甲酸酐、5-(2,5-二氧代四氫呋喃基)-3-甲基-3-環己烯-1,2-二羧酸酐、三烷基四氫鄰苯二甲酸酐-順丁烯二酸酐加成物、十二碳烯基琥珀酸酐、甲基雙環庚烯二甲酸酐等。
上述環氧化合物、上述不飽和一元酸及上述多元酸酐之反應莫耳比較佳為如下所述。即,較佳為設為如下比率:於具有相對於1個上述環氧化合物之環氧基而加成有0.1~1.0個上述不飽和一元酸之羧基之結構的環氧加成物中,相對於1個該環氧加成物之羥基,上述多元酸酐之酸酐結構為0.1~1.0個。
上述環氧化合物、上述不飽和一元酸及上述多元酸酐之反應可依據常規方法進行。
為了調整上述具有酸值之樹脂之酸值而改良本發明之組合物之顯影性,可進而使用單官能或多官能環氧化合物。上述具有酸值之樹脂較佳為固形物成分之酸值為5~120mgKOH/g之範圍,單官能或多官能環氧化合物之使用量較佳為以滿足上述酸值之方式進行選擇。
作為上述單官能環氧化合物,可列舉:甲基丙烯酸縮水甘油
酯、甲基縮水甘油醚、乙基縮水甘油醚、丙基縮水甘油醚、異丙基縮水甘油醚、丁基縮水甘油醚、異丁基縮水甘油醚、第三丁基縮水甘油醚、戊基縮水甘油醚、己基縮水甘油醚、庚基縮水甘油醚、辛基縮水甘油醚、壬基縮水甘油醚、癸基縮水甘油醚、十一烷基縮水甘油醚、十二烷基縮水甘油醚、十三烷基縮水甘油醚、十四烷基縮水甘油醚、十五烷基縮水甘油醚、十六烷基縮水甘油醚、2-乙基己基縮水甘油醚、烯丙基縮水甘油醚、炔丙基縮水甘油醚、對甲氧基乙基縮水甘油醚、苯基縮水甘油醚、對甲氧基縮水甘油醚、對丁基苯酚縮水甘油醚、甲苯基縮水甘油醚、2-甲基甲苯基縮水甘油醚、4-壬基苯基縮水甘油醚、苄基縮水甘油醚、對異丙苯基苯基縮水甘油醚、三苯甲基縮水甘油醚、甲基丙烯酸2,3-環氧丙酯、環氧化大豆油、環氧化亞麻仁油、丁酸縮水甘油酯、一氧化乙烯基環己烷、1,2-環氧-4-乙烯基環己烷、環氧苯乙烷、氧化蒎烯、甲基環氧苯乙烷、環氧環己烷、環氧丙烷、下述化合物No.A2、No.A3等。
作為上述多官能環氧化合物,若使用選自由雙酚型環氧化合物及縮水甘油醚類所組成之群中之一種以上,則可獲得特性更良好之鹼性顯影性感光性組合物,因此較佳。作為該雙酚型環氧化合物,可使用上述通式(1)所表示之環氧化合物,另外亦可使用例如氫化雙酚型環氧化合物等雙酚型環氧化合物。作為該縮水甘油醚類,可列舉:乙二醇二縮水甘油醚、丙二醇二縮水甘油醚、1,4-丁二醇二縮水甘油醚、1,6-己二醇二縮水甘油醚、1,8-辛二醇二縮水甘油醚、1,10-癸二醇二縮水甘油醚、2,2-二甲基-1,3-丙二醇二縮水甘油醚、二乙二醇二縮水甘油醚、三乙二醇二縮水甘油醚、四乙二醇二縮水甘油醚、六乙二醇二縮水甘油醚、1,4-環己烷二甲醇二縮水甘油醚、1,1,1-三(縮水甘油氧基甲基)丙烷、1,1,1-三(縮水甘油氧基甲基)乙烷、1,1,1-三(縮水甘油氧基甲基)甲烷、1,1,1,1-四(縮水甘油氧基甲基)甲烷。
另外,亦可使用酚系酚醛清漆型環氧化合物、聯苯酚醛清漆型環氧化合物、甲酚酚醛清漆型環氧化合物、雙酚A酚醛清漆型環氧化合物、二環戊二烯酚醛清漆型環氧化合物等酚醛清漆型環氧化合物;3,4-環氧-6-甲基環己烷羧酸3,4-環氧-6-甲基環己基甲酯、3,4-環氧環己烷羧酸3,4-環氧環己基甲酯、1-環氧乙基-3,4-環氧環己烷等脂環式環氧化合物;鄰苯二甲酸二縮水甘油酯、四氫鄰苯二甲酸二縮水甘油酯、二聚酸縮水甘油酯等縮水甘油酯類;四縮水甘油基二胺基二苯基甲烷、三縮水甘油基對胺基苯酚、N,N-二縮水甘油基苯胺等縮水甘油胺類;1,3-二縮水甘油基-5,5-二甲基乙內醯脲、異氰尿酸三縮水甘油酯等雜環式環氧化合物;二氧化二環戊二烯等二氧化物化合物;萘型環氧化合物、三苯基甲烷型環氧化合物、二環戊二烯型環氧化合物等。
上述具有酸值之樹脂之中,就相溶性、鹼性顯影性及耐熱性之方面而言,較佳為不飽和多元酸、具有酸值之多官能丙烯酸酯,尤佳為具有酸值之多官能丙烯酸酯。
作為上述具有酸值之樹脂,亦可使用市售者,例如可列舉:SPC-1000、SPC-3000(昭和電工公司製造)、AX3-BX、AX3-RD1、AX3-RD2(日本觸媒公司製造)、JET2000(大阪有機化學公司製造)等。
作為上述光聚合性不飽和單體,並無特別限定,可使用先前感光性組合物所使用者,例如可列舉:乙烯、丙烯、丁烯、異丁烯、氯乙烯、偏二氯乙烯、偏二氟乙烯、四氟乙烯等不飽和脂肪族烴;(甲基)丙烯酸、α-氯丙烯酸、伊康酸、順丁烯二酸、檸康酸、反丁烯二酸、雙環庚烯二甲酸、丁烯酸、異丁烯酸、乙烯基乙酸、烯丙基乙酸、肉桂酸、山梨酸、中康酸、琥珀酸單[2-(甲基)丙烯醯氧基乙基]酯、苯二甲酸單[2-(甲基)丙烯醯氧基乙基]酯、ω-羧基聚己內酯單(甲基)丙烯酸酯等兩末端具有羧基與羥基之聚合物之單(甲基)丙烯酸酯;
(甲基)丙烯酸羥基乙酯-順丁烯二酸酯、(甲基)丙烯酸羥基丙酯-順丁烯二酸酯、二環戊二烯-順丁烯二酸酯或具有1個羧基與2個以上之(甲基)丙烯醯基之多官能(甲基)丙烯酸酯等不飽和一元酸;(甲基)丙烯酸-2-羥基乙酯、(甲基)丙烯酸-2-羥基丙酯、(甲基)丙烯酸縮水甘油酯、下述化合物No.A1~No.A4、(甲基)丙烯酸甲酯、(甲基)丙烯酸丁酯、(甲基)丙烯酸異丁酯、(甲基)丙烯酸第三丁酯、(甲基)丙烯酸環己酯、(甲基)丙烯酸正辛酯、(甲基)丙烯酸異辛酯、(甲基)丙烯酸異壬酯、(甲基)丙烯酸硬脂酯、(甲基)丙烯酸月桂酯、(甲基)丙烯酸甲氧基乙酯、(甲基)丙烯酸二甲基胺基甲酯、(甲基)丙烯酸二甲基胺基乙酯、(甲基)丙烯酸胺基丙酯、(甲基)丙烯酸二甲基胺基丙酯、(甲基)丙烯酸乙氧基乙酯、(甲基)丙烯酸聚(乙氧基)乙酯、(甲基)丙烯酸丁氧基乙氧基乙酯、(甲基)丙烯酸乙基己酯、(甲基)丙烯酸苯氧基乙酯、(甲基)丙烯酸四氫呋喃酯、(甲基)丙烯酸乙烯酯、(甲基)丙烯酸烯丙酯、(甲基)丙烯酸苄酯、乙二醇二(甲基)丙烯酸酯、二乙二醇二(甲基)丙烯酸酯、三乙二醇二(甲基)丙烯酸酯、聚乙二醇二(甲基)丙烯酸酯、丙二醇二(甲基)丙烯酸酯、1,4-丁二醇二(甲基)丙烯酸酯、1,6-己二醇二(甲基)丙烯酸酯、三羥甲基乙烷三(甲基)丙烯酸酯、三羥甲基丙烷三(甲基)丙烯酸酯、二季戊四醇六(甲基)丙烯酸酯、二季戊四醇五(甲基)丙烯酸酯、季戊四醇四(甲基)丙烯酸酯、季戊四醇三(甲基)丙烯酸酯、三環癸烷二羥甲基二(甲基)丙烯酸酯、三[(甲基)丙烯醯基乙基]異氰尿酸酯、聚酯(甲基)丙烯酸酯低聚物等不飽和一元酸及多元醇或多元酚之酯;(甲基)丙烯酸鋅、(甲基)丙烯酸鎂等不飽和多元酸之金屬鹽;順丁烯二酸酐、伊康酸酐、檸康酸酐、甲基四氫鄰苯二甲酸酐、四氫鄰苯二甲酸酐、三烷基四氫鄰苯二甲酸酐、5-(2,5-二氧代四氫呋喃基)-3-甲基-3-環己烯-1,2-二羧酸酐、三烷基四氫鄰苯二甲酸酐-順丁烯二酸酐加成物、十二碳烯基琥珀酸酐、甲基雙環庚烯
二甲酸酐等不飽和多元酸之酸酐;(甲基)丙烯醯胺、亞甲基雙(甲基)丙烯醯胺、二伸乙基三胺三(甲基)丙烯醯胺、苯二甲基雙(甲基)丙烯醯胺、α-氯丙烯醯胺、N-2-羥基乙基(甲基)丙烯醯胺等不飽和一元酸及多元胺之醯胺;丙烯醛等不飽和醛;(甲基)丙烯腈、α-氯丙烯腈、二氰亞乙烯、氰化烯丙基等不飽和腈;苯乙烯、4-甲基苯乙烯、4-乙基苯乙烯、4-甲氧基苯乙烯、4-羥基苯乙烯、4-氯苯乙烯、二乙烯基苯、乙烯基甲苯、乙烯基苯甲酸、乙烯基苯酚、乙烯基磺酸、4-乙烯基苯磺酸、乙烯基苄基甲醚、乙烯基苄基縮水甘油醚等不飽和芳香族化合物;甲基乙烯基酮等不飽和酮;乙烯基胺、烯丙基胺、N-乙烯基吡咯啶酮、乙烯基哌啶等不飽和胺化合物;烯丙醇、巴豆醇等乙烯醇;乙烯基甲醚、乙烯基乙醚、正丁基乙烯醚、異丁基乙烯醚、烯丙基縮水甘油醚等乙烯醚;順丁烯二醯亞胺、N-苯基順丁烯二醯亞胺、N-環己基順丁烯二醯亞胺等不飽和醯亞胺類;茚、1-甲基茚等茚類;1,3-丁二烯、異戊二烯、氯丁二烯等脂肪族共軛二烯類;聚苯乙烯、聚(甲基)丙烯酸甲酯、聚(甲基)丙烯酸正丁酯、聚矽氧烷等於聚合物分子鏈之末端具有單(甲基)丙烯醯基之巨單體類;氯乙烯、偏二氯乙烯、丁二酸二乙烯酯、鄰苯二甲酸二烯丙酯、磷酸三烯丙酯、異氰尿酸三烯丙酯、乙烯基硫醚、乙烯基咪唑、乙烯基唑啉、乙烯基咔唑、乙烯基吡咯啶酮、乙烯基吡啶、含羥基之乙烯基單體及聚異氰酸酯化合物之胺基甲酸乙烯酯化合物、含羥基之乙烯基單體及聚環氧化合物之乙烯基環氧化合物。
就硬化性、色度特性之觀點而言,較佳為使用上述作為光聚合性不飽和單體所列舉之上述各種化合物中之尤其不飽和一元酸及多元醇或多元酚之酯。
於本發明之組合物為感光性組合物之情形時,上述聚合性不飽和單體之含量以質量比計較佳為上述樹脂:上述光聚合性不飽和單體=35~95:5~65,較佳為40~90:10~60。
又,於本發明之組合物為感光性組合物之情形時,上述樹脂及上述聚合性不飽和單體之合計量於本發明之組合物之固形物成分中較佳為20~80質量%,更佳為30~70質量%。若兩者之合計含量小於20質量%,則存在硬化膜未充分變硬之情況,若大於80質量%,則存在著色劑較少而色特性不充分之情況。
作為上述溶劑,可列舉通常之能夠使視需要之上述各成分(聚合起始劑、樹脂、光聚合性不飽和單體等)溶解或分散之溶劑,例如甲基乙基酮、甲基戊基酮、二乙基酮、丙酮、甲基異丙基酮、甲基異丁基酮、環己酮、2-庚酮等酮類;乙醚、二烷、四氫呋喃、1,2-二甲氧基乙烷、1,2-二乙氧基乙烷、二丙二醇二甲醚等醚系溶劑;乙酸甲
酯、乙酸乙酯、乙酸正丙酯、乙酸異丙酯、乙酸正丁酯、乙酸環己酯、乳酸乙酯、琥珀酸二甲酯、TEXANOL等酯系溶劑;乙二醇單甲醚、乙二醇單乙醚等溶纖劑系溶劑;甲醇、乙醇、異或正丙醇、異或正丁醇、戊醇等醇系溶劑;乙二醇單甲醚乙酸酯、乙二醇單乙醚乙酸酯、丙二醇-1-單甲醚-2-乙酸酯(PGMEA)、4-羥基-4-甲基-2-戊酮、二丙二醇單甲醚乙酸酯、3-甲氧基丁醚乙酸酯、乙氧基乙醚丙酸酯等醚酯系溶劑;苯、甲苯、二甲苯等BTX系溶劑;己烷、庚烷、辛烷、環己烷等脂肪族烴系溶劑;松節油、D-檸檬烯、蒎烯等萜烯系烴油;礦油精、Swazol#310(Cosmo Matsuyama Oil股份有限公司)、Solvesso#100(Exxon Chemical股份有限公司)等石蠟系溶劑;四氯化碳、氯仿、三氯乙烯、二氯甲烷、1,2-二氯乙烷等鹵化脂肪族烴系溶劑;氯苯等鹵化芳香族烴系溶劑;卡必醇系溶劑、苯胺、三乙基胺、吡啶、乙酸、乙腈、二硫化碳、N,N-二甲基甲醯胺、N,N-二甲基乙醯胺、N-甲基吡咯啶酮、二甲基亞碸、水等,該等溶劑可使用1種或以2種以上之混合溶劑之形式使用。該等之中,酮類、醚酯系溶劑等、尤其丙二醇-1-單甲醚-2-乙酸酯(PGMEA)、環己酮等由於在著色組合物中阻劑與聚合起始劑之相溶性良好,故而較佳。
於本發明之組合物為感光性組合物之情形時,上述溶劑之使用量較佳為使溶劑以外之組合物之濃度成為5~30質量%,於小於5質量%之情形時,難以使膜厚變厚、無法充分吸收所需波長光,因此欠佳,於超過30質量%之情形時,會因組合物之析出而導致組合物之保存性降低、或黏度提高而導致操作性降低,因此欠佳。
作為上述無機化合物,例如可列舉:氧化鎳、氧化鐵、氧化銥、氧化鈦、氧化鋅、氧化鎂、氧化鈣、氧化鉀、二氧化矽、氧化鋁等金屬氧化物;層狀黏土礦物、米洛麗藍、碳數鈣、碳數鎂、鈷系、錳系、玻璃粉末(尤其玻璃料)、雲母、滑石、高嶺土、亞鐵氰化物、
各種金屬硫酸鹽、硫化物、硒化物、矽酸鋁、矽酸鈣、氫氧化鋁、鉑、金、銀、銅等。
該等之中,較佳為玻璃料、氧化鈦、二氧化矽、層狀黏土礦物、銀等。本發明之感光性組合物中,關於上述無機化合物之含量,相對於上述樹脂100質量份,較佳為0.1~1000質量份,更佳為10~800質量份。再者,該等無機化合物可使用1種或2種以上。
該等無機化合物例如可用作填充劑、抗反射劑、導電劑、穩定劑、阻燃劑、機械強度提高劑、特殊波長吸收劑、撥墨水劑等。
本發明之感光性組合物中可添加使色材及/或無機化合物分散之分散劑。作為該分散劑,只要為能夠使色材或無機化合物分散、穩定化者則無限制,可使用市售之分散劑、例如BYK-Chemie公司製造之BYK系列等。尤其適宜使用包含具有鹼性官能基之聚酯、聚醚或聚胺基甲酸酯之高分子分散劑,具有氮原子作為鹼性官能基、具有氮原子之官能基為胺及/或其四級鹽且胺值為1~100mgKOH/g者。
作為上述色材,可列舉:顏料、染料、天然色素等。該等色材可單獨使用或將2種以上混合使用。
作為上述顏料,例如可使用亞硝基化合物;硝基化合物;偶氮化合物;重氮化合物;化合物;喹啉化合物;蒽醌化合物;香豆素化合物;酞菁化合物;異吲哚啉酮化合物;異吲哚啉化合物;喹吖啶酮化合物;蒽締蒽酮化合物;哌瑞酮化合物;苝化合物;吡咯并吡咯二酮化合物;硫靛藍化合物;二化合物;三苯基甲烷化合物;喹酞酮化合物;萘四羧酸;偶氮染料、花青染料之金屬錯合物;色澱顏料;藉由爐法、槽法或熱法所獲得之碳黑、或乙炔黑、科琴黑或燈黑等碳黑;利用環氧樹脂調整或被覆上述碳黑而成者、預先於溶劑中利用樹脂對上述碳黑進行分散處理而使之吸附20~200mg/g之樹脂而成者、對上述碳黑進行酸性或鹼性表面處理而成者、平均粒徑為
8nm以上且DBP吸油量為90ml/100g以下者、由950℃下之揮發分中之CO及CO2所算出的氧總量為碳黑之每100m2表面積為9mg以上者;石墨、石墨化碳黑、活性碳、碳纖維、碳奈米管、螺旋碳纖維、碳奈米角、碳氣凝膠、富勒烯;苯胺黑、顏料黑7、鈦黑;氧化鉻綠、米洛麗藍、鈷綠、鈷藍、錳系、亞鐵氰化物、磷酸鹽群青、鐵藍、群青、天藍、濃綠、翡翠綠、硫酸鉛、黃丹、鋅黃、鐵丹(紅色氧化鐵(III))、鎘紅、合成鐵黑、棕土等有機或無機顏料。該等顏料可單獨使用或將複數種混合使用。
作為上述顏料,亦可使用市售顏料,例如可列舉:顏料紅1、2、3、9、10、14、17、22、23、31、38、41、48、49、88、90、97、112、119、122、123、144、149、166、168、169、170、171、177、179、180、184、185、192、200、202、209、215、216、217、220、223、224、226、227、228、240、254;顏料橙13、31、34、36、38、43、46、48、49、51、52、55、59、60、61、62、64、65、71;顏料黃1、3、12、13、14、16、17、20、24、55、60、73、81、83、86、93、95、97、98、100、109、110、113、114、117、120、125、126、127、129、137、138、139、147、148、150、151、152、153、154、166、168、175、180、185;顏料綠7、10、36;顏料藍15、15:1、15:2、15:3、15:4、15:5、15:6、22、24、56、60、61、62、64;顏料紫1、19、23、27、29、30、32、37、40、50等。
作為上述染料,可列舉:偶氮染料、蒽醌染料、靛類染料、三芳基甲烷染料、染料、茜素染料、吖啶染料、茋染料、噻唑染料、萘酚染料、喹啉染料、硝基染料、吲達胺染料、染料、酞菁染料、花青染料等染料等,該等可將複數種混合使用。
於將本發明之組合物用作感光性組合物之情形時,關於上述色
材之含量,相對於上述樹脂100質量份,較佳為50~350質量份,更佳為100~250質量份。
本發明之組合物中視需要進而可添加對苯甲醚、對苯二酚、鄰苯二酚、第三丁基兒茶酚、啡噻等熱聚合抑制劑;塑化劑;接著促進劑;填充劑;消泡劑;調平劑;表面調整劑;抗氧化劑;紫外線吸收劑;分散助劑;抗凝集劑;觸媒;效果促進劑;交聯劑;增黏劑;鏈轉移劑;增感劑;界面活性劑;矽烷偶合劑;三聚氰胺等慣用之添加物。
本發明之組合物中,上述潛伏性添加劑(A)及聚合起始劑(B)以外之任意成分(其中,上述其他光聚合起始劑、樹脂、光聚合性不飽和單體、無機化合物(填充劑)、色材及溶劑除外)之使用量根據其使用目的而適當選擇,無特別限制,較佳為相對於上述樹脂100質量份,合計設為50質量份以下。
又,亦可藉由於本發明之感光性組合物中併用上述具有乙烯性不飽和鍵之聚合性化合物與其他有機聚合物而改善硬化物之特性。作為該有機聚合物,例如可列舉:聚苯乙烯、聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯、甲基丙烯酸甲酯-丙烯酸乙酯共聚物、聚(甲基)丙烯酸、苯乙烯-(甲基)丙烯酸共聚物、(甲基)丙烯酸-甲基丙烯酸甲酯共聚物、乙烯-氯乙烯共聚物、乙烯(ethylene)-乙烯基(vinyl)共聚物、聚氯乙烯樹脂、ABS樹脂、尼龍6、尼龍66、尼龍12、胺基甲酸酯樹脂、聚碳酸酯聚乙烯醇縮丁醛、纖維素酯、聚丙烯醯胺、飽和聚酯、酚系樹脂、苯氧基樹脂、聚醯胺醯亞胺樹脂、聚醯胺酸樹脂、環氧樹脂等,該等之中,較佳為聚苯乙烯、(甲基)丙烯酸-甲基丙烯酸甲酯共聚物、環氧樹脂。
於使用其他有機聚合物之情形時,其使用量相對於上述樹脂100質量份較佳為10~500質量份。
為了使本發明之組合物所使用之聚合起始劑(B)活化而使組合物
硬化,可使用發出波長300~450nm之光者,例如可使用超高壓水銀、水銀蒸汽電弧、碳弧、氙弧等。
於能量線下之暴露時間取決於能量線之強度、塗膜厚度或聚合性有機化合物,通常為0.1秒~10秒左右即可。然而,對於相對較厚之塗裝物較佳為照射其以上之照射時間。能量線照射後0.1秒~數分鐘後,大部分之組合物藉由聚合而指觸乾燥,但為了促進聚合,視情況較佳為併用由加熱或熱感應頭等施加之熱能。
於將本發明之組合物用作感光性組合物之情形時,可藉由下述步驟而形成圖案。
即,藉由如下步驟較佳地形成:(1)於基板上形成本發明之組合物之塗膜;(2)隔著具有特定圖案形狀之遮罩對該塗膜照射放射線;(3)曝光後進行烘烤;(4)使曝光後之該被膜顯影;(5)對顯影後之該被膜進行加熱。
作為上述遮罩,亦可使用半色調遮罩或灰度遮罩等多階遮罩。
本發明之組合物如上所述感度及透明性優異。又,本發明之組合物藉由透明性較高而能夠形成亮度優異之成形體或硬化膜。此種成形體或硬化膜例如用於彩色濾光片、保護層、間隔件、微透鏡陣列、透明絕緣膜。
作為本發明之組合物之具體用途,可用於光學濾光片、塗料、塗佈劑、襯裏劑、接著劑、印刷版、絕緣清漆、絕緣片材、積層板、印刷基片、半導體裝置用/LED封裝用/液晶注入口用/有機EL用/光元件用/電絕緣用/電子零件用/分離膜用等之密封劑、成形材料、油灰、玻璃纖維含浸劑、填縫劑、半導體用/太陽電池用等之鈍化膜、薄膜電晶體(TFT)/液晶表示裝置/有機EL表示裝置/印刷基板等所使用之層間絕緣膜、表面保護膜、印刷基板、或彩色電視、PC(Pesonal Computer,計算機)顯示器、攜帶型資訊終端、CCD(Charge Coupled
Device,電荷耦合元件)影像感測器之彩色濾光片、電漿顯示面板用之電極材料、印刷墨水、齒科用組合物、光造形用樹脂、液狀及乾燥膜兩者、微小機械零件、玻璃纖維纜線塗覆、全像記錄用材料、磁性記錄材料、光開關、鍍敷用遮罩、蝕刻遮罩、網版印刷用模板、透明導電膜等之觸控面板、MEMS(Microelectromechanical System,微機電系統)元件、奈米壓印材料、半導體封裝之二維及三維高密度安裝等之光學製作(photo fabrication)、加飾片材、人工爪、玻璃代替光學膜、電子紙、光碟、投影儀/光通信用雷射等所使用之微透鏡陣列、液晶顯示裝置之背光源所使用之稜鏡片、投影電視等之屏幕所使用之菲涅耳透鏡薄片、雙凸透鏡薄片等透鏡薄片之透鏡部、或使用此種薄片之背光源等、微透鏡/攝像用透鏡等光學透鏡、光學元件、光連接器、光波導、絕緣用填料、熱收縮橡膠管、O型環、顯示器件用密封劑、保護材、光纖保護材、黏著劑、黏晶劑、高放熱性材料、高耐熱密封材、太陽電池/燃料電池/二次電池用構件、電池用固體電解質、絕緣被覆材、影印機用感光鼓、氣體分離膜、混凝土保護材/襯砌/土壤注入劑/密封劑/蓄冷熱材/玻璃塗層/發泡體等土木建築材料、管體/密封材/塗覆材料/滅菌處理裝置用密封材/隱形眼鏡/富氧膜、生物晶片等醫療用材料、汽車零件、各種機械零件等各種用途,其用途無特別限制。
以下列舉實施例等而更詳細地說明本發明,但本發明並不限定於該等實施例。再者,表1~表3、表3A~表3B中記載之數值之單位為質量份。
依據[表1]~[表3]之調配而製備組合物。將其旋轉塗佈(900rpm,10秒)於玻璃基板上,使用加熱板於90℃下進行90秒之預烘烤,
使用高壓水銀燈作為光源進行曝光(自20mJ/cm2分10次逐次遞增至200mJ/cm2,每次增大20mJ/cm2)。使用2.5質量%碳酸鈉水溶液作為顯影液,利用旋轉顯影機顯影40秒後,充分水洗,使用烘箱於230℃下進行30分鐘之後烘烤而使圖案固定。
依據著色組合物之製備[表3A]~[表3C]之調配而'著色組合物,獲得著色聚合性組合物(實施例2-1~2-3及比較例2-1~2-15)。
B'-1:2,2'-雙(2-氯苯基)-4,4,'5,5'-四苯基-1,2'-聯咪唑(HABI)
B'-2:N-1717(吖啶系化合物:ADEKA公司製造)
B'-3:Lucirin TPO(BASF公司製造)
B'-4:二苯甲酮
B'-5:OXE-01(BASF製造)
C-1:SPC-1000(昭和電工公司製造,固形物成分29%之PGMEA溶液)
C-2:Kayarad DPHA(多官能丙烯酸酯;日本化藥公司製造)
C-3:丙二醇-1-單甲醚-2-乙酸酯
C-4:藍色顏料分散液(藉由使用作為著色劑之C.I.顏料藍15:6 15質量份、作為分散劑之BYK161(BYK-Chemie(BYK)公司製造)12.5質量份(固形物成分濃度40質量%)、作為溶劑之丙二醇單甲醚乙酸酯72.5質量份,利用珠磨機進行處理而製備)
C-5:SPC-3000(昭和電工公司製造,固形物成分42.7質量%之PGMEA溶液)
C-6:紅色顏料分散液(藉由使用作為著色劑之C.I.顏料紅254 15
質量份、作為分散劑之Ajisper PB821(Ajinomoto Fine-Techno製造)8.0質量份、作為溶劑之PGMEA 77.0質量份,利用珠磨機進行處理而製備)
C-7:綠色顏料分散液(藉由使用作為著色劑之C.I.顏料綠58 15質量份、作為分散劑之BYK-LPN6919(BYK-Chemie Japan製造)7.0質量份(固形物成分40質量%)、作為溶劑之PGMEA 78.0質量份,利用珠磨機進行處理而製備)
使用觸針式表面形狀測定器(KEYENCE製造)測定上述實施例1-1~1-9及比較例1-1~1-10中所獲得之圖案之高度,根據下述式求出殘膜率(%)作為放射線感度。再者,殘膜率成為70%以上之曝光量為20mJ/cm2時記為A、超過20mJ/cm2且為100mJ/cm2以下時記為B、超過100mJ/cm2且為200mJ/cm2以下時記為C,200mJ/cm2時殘膜率未達70%以上的情況記為D。將試驗結果示於[表4]。再者,下述式中之初期膜厚為預烘烤後、後烘烤前之膜厚。
殘膜率(%)=(後烘烤後之圖案之高度/初期膜厚)×100
使用依據[表1]~[表3]中之實施例1-1~1-9及比較例1-1~1-10之調配所製備之組合物,另外獲得塗膜,不隔著遮罩而使該塗膜整個面得到硬化。將硬化後之塗膜於230℃×120分鐘之條件下進行焙燒,測定焙燒後之塗膜於400nm下之透過率。透過率為95%以上時計為a、90~94%時計為b、89%以下時計為c。將結果示於上述[表4]。
藉由下述方法對上述實施例2-1~2-3及比較例2-1~2-15中所獲得之著色組合物進行感度評價。將結果示於下述[表4A]。
利用旋轉塗佈機於玻璃基板上以在C光源下成為x=0.670、y=0.330之膜厚之方式塗佈實施例2-1及比較例2-1~2-5中所獲得之紅色著色組合物而形成著色被膜。對該被膜隔著開口30μm之光罩、以曝光間隙100μm、以20、40、60、80mJ/cm2之曝光量進行曝光。顯影時間係將藉由以顯影壓1kgf/cm2(噴嘴直徑1mm)噴出23℃之包含0.04質量%氫氧化鉀水溶液之顯影液而使未曝光部完全溶解所需之時間(BT:出像時間)作為基準,設為BT之1.5倍。其後,將該基板利用超純水洗淨,經風乾後,將該基板於230℃下加熱20分鐘,而於基板上形成紅色著色圖案。又,使用實施例2-2及比較例2-6~2-10中所獲得之綠色著色組合物,以在C光源下成為x=0.240、y=0.580之膜厚之方式進行塗佈,除此以外藉由與上述相同之方式獲得綠色著色圖案。又,使用實施例2-3及比較例2-11~2-15中所獲得之藍色著色組合物,以在C光源下成為x=0.135、y=0.098之膜厚之方式進行塗佈,除此以外藉由與上述相同之方式獲得藍色著色圖案。測定該等所形成之圖案之光罩開口30μm之圖案寬度。
A(◎):曝光量為20mJ/cm2時線寬成為30μm以上。
B(○):曝光量為20mJ/cm2時線寬未達30μm以上,但曝光量為40mJ/cm2時線寬成為30μm以上。
C(△):曝光量為20mJ/cm2及40mJ/cm2時線寬未達30μm以上,但曝光量為60mJ/cm2時線寬成為30μm以上。
D(×):曝光量為20mJ/cm2、40mJ/cm2及60mJ/cm2時線寬未達30μm以上,但曝光量為80mJ/cm2時線寬成為30μm以上、或曝光量為80mJ/cm2時線寬仍未達30μm以上。
根據上述結果,可知本發明之組合物藉由對作為(B)成分之特定肟酯化合物組合使用作為(A)成分之潛伏性抗氧化劑而可兼具高透過率與高感度。
Claims (2)
- 一種組合物,其含有潛伏性抗氧化劑(A)、及包含一種以上之下述通式(I)所表示之肟酯化合物之聚合起始劑(B),上述潛伏性抗氧化劑(A)包含下述通式(III-A)所表示之化合物,
- 如請求項1之組合物,其中m為2時,X5為下述通式(1)所表示之基,m為3時,X5為下述通式(2)所表示之基,m為4時,X5為下述通式(3)所表示之基,m為5時,X5為下述通式(4)所表示之基,m為6時,X5為下述通式(5)所表示之基,*-Z 1 -Y 10 -Z 2 -* (1)(上述通式(1)中,Y10表示單鍵、硫原子、-CR65R66-、-NR67-、二價之碳原子數1~35之脂肪族烴基、碳原子數6~35之含芳香環之烴基或碳原子數2~35之含雜環之基、或下述(1-1)~(1-3)所表示之任一取代基, 該脂肪族烴基可經-O-、-S-、-CO-、-COO-、-OCO-或-NH-、或於氧原子不鄰接之條件下將該等組合而成之鍵結基中斷,Z1及Z2各自獨立地表示直接鍵、-O-、-S-、>CO、-CO-O-、-O-CO-、-SO2-、-SS-、-SO-、>NR67、>PR67、可具有取代基之碳原子數1~20之二價之脂肪族烴基或碳原子數6~10之二價之芳香族烴基,R65、R66及R67各自獨立地表示氫原子、可具有取代基之碳原子數1~35之脂肪族烴基、可具有取代基之碳原子數6~35之含芳香環之烴基或可具有取代基之碳原子數2~35之含雜環之基),
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