TWI682721B - 黑薑油脂萃取物及其製造方法 - Google Patents
黑薑油脂萃取物及其製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- TWI682721B TWI682721B TW104114408A TW104114408A TWI682721B TW I682721 B TWI682721 B TW I682721B TW 104114408 A TW104114408 A TW 104114408A TW 104114408 A TW104114408 A TW 104114408A TW I682721 B TWI682721 B TW I682721B
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- Cardiology (AREA)
Abstract
本發明係以提供一種包含相當量之甲氧基黃酮(Methoxyflavone),且減低苦味等香味或色澤的強度之黑薑萃取物作為課題。因此,提供一種從黑薑所得之油脂萃取物。
Description
本發明係關於從黑薑所得之油脂萃取物、及其製造方法等。
黑薑(Kaempferia parviflora)係屬於薑科植物之一種,在日本亦被稱為黑薑黃。黑薑是原產於東南亞,在泰國亦被稱為Kra chai dahm,是傳統藥草的一種。
目前為止的研究非常清楚黑薑所包含之主要成分為將花青素或甲氧基類黃酮作為中心之多酚類,並未包含生薑所包含之薑油(gingerol)或薑酚(Shogaol)、薑黃所包含之薑黃素(Curcumin)。又,作為該效能,已知有抗肥胖作用、抗ED作用、血流改善作用等各式各樣者,黑薑在我國被廣泛利用於補充劑或飲料。具有該等效能的成分被認為是甲氧基黃酮。據此,為了得到各種效能,認為給藥經單離或純化之甲氧基黃酮。然而,如此之甲氧基黃酮為高價,實際上利用包含該等之黑薑的萃取物多。
如專利文獻1等所記載,目前為止,包含甲氧基黃酮之黑薑萃取物,主要是藉由熱水或含水醇萃取而製成。然而,以此方法所得之萃取物具有苦味等之獨特香味,而且呈現黑紫色。於專利文獻1,為了解決如此香味的問題,利用有糖、糖醇、可食生酸類、或人工甜味劑。
[專利文獻1]日本特開2013-192513號公報
以往之黑薑萃取物具有苦味等之獨特香味,而呈現黑紫色。該等之特性在將該萃取物利用在飲食品、醫藥品、化妝品等情況時會變成問題。
這點若降低萃取率,有該香味或色澤變得不醒目的可能性。然而,如此進行時,亦降低有效成分即甲氧基黃酮的濃度。
本發明係以提供一種包含相當量之甲氧基黃酮,且減低苦味等之香味或黑紫色的強度之黑薑萃取物作為課題。
本發明者們針對該課題進行努力研討的結
果,發現在從黑薑所得之油脂萃取物中,以往之黑薑萃取物所特有的黑紫色不明顯、或已減低其強度。又,該油脂萃取物充分包含甲氧基黃酮。根據該等之卓見而完成本發明。
亦即,本發明雖係關於以下者,但並非被限定於此等。
1.一種萃取物,其係從黑薑所得之油脂萃取物,其特徵為含有選自5,7,3’,4’-四甲氧基黃酮(Methoxyflavone)、3,5,7,3’,4’-五甲氧基黃酮、5,7-二甲氧基黃酮、5,7,4’-三甲氧基黃酮、3,5,7-三甲氧基黃酮、3,5,7,4’-四甲氧基黃酮、5-羥基-3,7,3’,4’-四甲氧基黃酮、5-羥基-7-甲氧基黃酮、5-羥基-7,4’-二甲氧基黃酮、5-羥基-3,7-二甲氧基黃酮、及5-羥基-3,7,4’-三甲氧基黃酮之11種甲氧基黃酮中之1種以上,從該萃取物,調製該11種甲氧基黃酮的總含量為5.0mg/ml之溶液,測定該溶液在波長660nm之吸光度時,所得之吸光度為0.10以下。
2.如1之萃取物,其中,前述油脂係選自中鏈脂肪酸甘油三酯、二醯基甘油、芝麻沙拉油、橄欖油、大豆油、菜籽油、玉米油、米胚芽油、葵花籽油、紫蘇油、蘇子油(Perilla oil)中之至少一種。
3.一種飲食品,其係包含如1或2之萃取物。
4.一種化妝品,其係包含如1或2之萃取物。
5.一種方法,其係從黑薑製造含有選自5,7,3’,4’-四
甲氧基黃酮、3,5,7,3’,4’-五甲氧基黃酮、5,7-二甲氧基黃酮、5,7,4’-三甲氧基黃酮、3,5,7-三甲氧基黃酮、3,5,7,4’-四甲氧基黃酮、5-羥基-3,7,3’,4’-四甲氧基黃酮、5-羥基-7-甲氧基黃酮、5-羥基-7,4’-二甲氧基黃酮、5-羥基-3,7-二甲氧基黃酮、及5-羥基-3,7,4’-三甲氧基黃酮之11種甲氧基黃酮中1種以上之甲氧基黃酮之油脂萃取物的方法,其特徵為包含使油脂與黑薑之植物體接觸,以萃取該1種以上之甲氧基黃酮。
6.如5之製造方法,其中,前述油脂係選自中鏈脂肪酸甘油三酯、二醯基甘油、芝麻沙拉油、橄欖油、大豆油、菜籽油、玉米油、米胚芽油、葵花籽油、紫蘇油、蘇子油中之至少一種。
7.如5或6之製造方法,其中,前述萃取係於50~180℃下進行。
8.一種方法,其係從黑薑製造含有選自5,7,3’,4’-四甲氧基黃酮、3,5,7,3’,4’-五甲氧基黃酮、5,7-二甲氧基黃酮、5,7,4’-三甲氧基黃酮、3,5,7-三甲氧基黃酮、3,5,7,4’-四甲氧基黃酮、5-羥基-3,7,3’,4’-四甲氧基黃酮、5-羥基-7-甲氧基黃酮、5-羥基-7,4’-二甲氧基黃酮、5-羥基-3,7-二甲氧基黃酮、及5-羥基-3,7,4’-三甲氧基黃酮之11種甲氧基黃酮中1種以上之甲氧基黃酮之油脂萃取物的方法,其特徵為使水、親水性溶劑、或該等之混合物與黑薑之植物體接觸,萃取該1種以上之甲氧基黃酮,而且包含使油脂與由該萃取所得之中間萃取物接觸,以萃取該甲氧基黃
酮。
9.如8之製造方法,其係進一步包含使油脂與該中間萃取物接觸之前,及/或接觸該等之間,從該中間萃取物使水、親水性溶劑、或該等之混合物蒸發。
10.如8或9之製造方法,其中,前述油脂係選自中鏈脂肪酸甘油三酯、二醯基甘油、芝麻沙拉油、橄欖油、大豆油、菜籽油、玉米油、米胚芽油、葵花籽油、紫蘇油、蘇子油中之至少一種。
11.一種方法,其係如5~10中任一項之方法,進一步包含:於藉由與油脂的前述接觸步驟所得之含油脂之萃取物,與水、親水性溶劑、或該等之混合物接觸,以萃取前述1種以上之甲氧基黃酮,而且將於該甲氧基黃酮的萃取中所得之2相混合物分配在液-液分離,以該液-液分離步驟進行分離,而得到包含水、親水性溶劑、或該等之混合物之萃取物。
12.如11之方法,其係進一步包含從經前述液-液分離步驟所得之萃取物,排除水、親水性溶劑、或該等之混合物。
13.如8~12中任一項之製造方法,其中,前述親水性溶劑為C1-3醇及/或丙酮。
14.一種油脂萃取物,其係含有甲氧基黃酮,該甲氧基黃酮係藉由如5~13中任一項之製造方法所得到,且選自前述11種甲氧基黃酮中之1種以上。
在本發明之油脂萃取物中,為了選擇性萃取有效成分之甲氧基黃酮,該萃取物含有相當量之甲氧基黃酮,且減低以往之黑薑萃取物所見到不佳色澤的強度。由於認為於油脂所萃取困難成分亦為黑薑苦味的原因,故於本發明之油脂萃取物,認為亦必然性減低苦味。又,該萃取物含有油脂時,從萃取物去除油脂時,亦可得到著色少之高含有甲氧基黃酮的萃取物(尤其是以粉末狀態)。據此,本發明之油脂萃取物,較以往之黑薑萃取物,亦易於利用在飲食品、醫藥品、及化妝品。
進而,本發明油脂萃取物的製造方法,由於未使用特殊之裝置,容易且便宜並且亦可大量提供該油脂萃取物。
據此,本發明對甲氧基黃酮的利用帶來重大貢獻。
[圖1]圖1係表示本發明之油脂萃取物、與含水醇萃取物外觀的照片。
本發明之油脂萃取物係從黑薑經油脂萃取所得到之萃取物。該萃取物含有甲氧基黃酮,而且減低黑紫色的強度。該萃取物進而可包含油脂,尤其是用在萃取的油脂。
本發明之油脂萃取物所謂從黑薑所無法得到者、或即使將黑薑作為原料經油脂萃取亦得不到者,被認為係在所含有之成分的種類及比率等點上不同。例如,從黑薑以外之植物所得之萃取物雖然亦可包含甲氧基黃酮,但被認為其種類或比率係與本發明之萃取物不同。又,黑薑即使為原料,從這裡,油脂萃取以外的方法,例如由含水醇萃取所得到之萃取物中之甲氧基黃酮的比率,與本發明之油脂萃取物不同。這點請參照後述之實施例。另外,在本發明,油脂萃取可直接對黑薑進行,或可間接對例如使用來自黑薑油脂以外的溶劑,例如水、親水性溶劑、或該等之混合物所得到之萃取液來進行。
黑薑(Kaempferia parviflora)係屬於薑科之植物的一種,由於黑薑是原產或栽培於東南亞,故易於取得。
為了萃取,可使用黑薑的任何部位。例如雖可列舉葉部、花部、根莖部等,但該等當中,較佳為根莖部。又,雖可將黑薑之植物體或其部位直接供於萃取,但較佳為使該植物體或其部位乾燥之後再供於萃取。又,經乾燥之植物體或其部位可直接或進行粉碎之後,再供於溶劑萃取。該乾燥可於白天進行,可使用乾燥機進行。在本
發明,可僅使用上述之各種狀態之黑薑內的1個,亦可組合2種以上使用。
本發明之油脂萃取物係含有1種以上的甲氧基黃酮。本說明書中,所謂「甲氧基黃酮」的用語,係意指具有1個以上甲氧基的黃酮。甲氧基黃酮通常而言,係選自具有以下式(I)所示之構造的化合物。
(式中,R1、R2、R3、R4、及R5分別獨立為氫、羥基、或甲氧基,R1~R5內之至少1個為甲氧基)。
較佳為式(I)之化合物,係選自以下之表1所記載之5,7,3’,4’-四甲氧基黃酮、3,5,7,3’,4-五甲氧基黃酮、5,7-二甲氧基黃酮、5,7,4’-三甲氧基黃酮、3,5,7-三甲氧基黃酮、3,5,7,4-四甲氧基黃酮、5-羥基-3,7,3’,4-四甲氧基黃酮、5-羥基-7-甲氧基黃酮、5-羥基-7,4’-二甲氧基黃
酮、5-羥基-3,7-二甲氧基黃酮、5-羥基-3,7,4’-三甲氧基黃酮。
本發明之油脂萃取物較佳為包含上述表1所示之化合物1~11內之至少1種。該萃取物為包含化合物1~11之內,較佳為至少2種,更佳為至少3種,再更佳為至少4種,又再更佳為至少5種,而又更佳為至少6種,還要更佳為至少7種,還又更佳為至少8種,還又更佳為至少9種,還又再更佳為至少10種,最佳為11種。例如、本發明之油脂萃取物較佳為包含化合物1~6全部。
在本發明之油脂萃取物較佳之態樣中,前述至少1種之甲氧基黃酮係選自由5,7,3’,4’-四甲氧基黃酮、3,5,7,3’,4’-五甲氧基黃酮、5,7-二甲氧基黃酮、及5,7,4’-三甲氧基黃酮所構成之群A。該萃取物並非僅群A之甲氧基黃酮,其他化合物,例如可包含選自源自黑薑之3,5,7-三甲氧基黃酮、3,5,7,4’-四甲氧基黃酮、5-羥基-
3,7,3’,4’-四甲氧基黃酮、5-羥基-7-甲氧基黃酮、5-羥基-7,4’-二甲氧基黃酮、5-羥基-3,7-二甲氧基黃酮、及5-羥基-3,7,4’-三甲氧基黃酮所構成之群B中之至少1種的甲氧基黃酮。相對於群A及群B之甲氧基黃酮的總含量,群A之甲氧基黃酮的總含量的比例(A/(A+B))以莫耳基準(或重量基準)較佳為超過0.65,更佳為0.66以上,更佳為0.67以上,更佳為0.68以上,更佳為0.69以上,更佳為0.70以上,更佳為0.71以上。該比例無上限值,該比例例如可為1.00以下、0.90以下、或0.80以下。群A之甲氧基黃酮確認顯示較群B之甲氧基黃酮更高的NOX抑制作用。而且本案之實施例9及10,該比例(A/(A+B))高之本案發明的油脂萃取物,與該比例低之親水性溶劑萃取物相比較,顯示具有高的NOX抑制作用。
本發明之油脂萃取物含有油脂時,該萃取物中前述11種甲氧基黃酮的總含量的範圍之例為10w/v%以下,較佳為0.1~10w/v%,更佳為0.1~5w/v%,又再佳為0.1~2.5w/v%。另外,本發明之油脂萃取物未含有油脂時,該萃取物中之該11種甲氧基黃酮的總含量的範圍之例為10~90w/v%,較佳為20~70w/v%,更佳為30~50w/v%。
用在本發明之油脂萃取物的製造所得,而且該萃取物可包含之油脂,只要可溶解甲氧基黃酮則並未特別限定。
通常而言,該油脂係選自中鏈脂肪酸甘油三酯、二醯基甘油、芝麻沙拉油、橄欖油、大豆油、菜籽油、玉米油、米胚芽油、葵花籽油、紫蘇油、蘇子油中之至少一種。
關於中鏈脂肪酸甘油三酯所使用之所謂「中鏈脂肪酸」,係指碳數8~12之脂肪酸。構成該甘油三酯之脂肪酸部分內的至少一個,較佳為二個,更佳為三個之中鏈脂肪酸。
油脂萃取物含有油脂時,該萃取物中油脂的量雖並未特別限制,但通常而言為50~100w/w%左右。
在本發明之油脂萃取物中減低黑紫色的強度。為了確認此事,測定該萃取物的吸光度為有效。
具體而言,從該萃取物,調製5,7,3’,4’-四甲氧基黃酮、3,5,7,3’,4’-五甲氧基黃酮、5,7-二甲氧基黃酮、5,7,4’-三甲氧基黃酮、3,5,7-三甲氧基黃酮、3,5,7,4’-四甲氧基黃酮、5-羥基-3,7,3’,4’-四甲氧基黃酮、5-羥基-7-甲氧基黃酮、5-羥基-7,4’-二甲氧基黃酮、5-羥基-3,7-二甲氧基黃酮、及5-羥基-3,7,4’-三甲氧基黃酮之11種甲氧基黃酮的總含量為5.0mg/ml之溶液,測定該溶液在波長660nm之吸光度。如此進行所測定之吸光度,在本發明為0.10以下。該吸光度較佳為0.07以下,更佳為0.05以下。於此為了確認,雖有記載,但該萃取物(及該溶液)不需全部含有該11種之甲氧基黃酮。例如,該油脂萃取
物僅含有該11種內之9種時,該9種甲氧基黃酮的總含量調製成5.0mg/ml之溶液,測定其吸光度即可。又,除非另有說明,在本說明書之吸光度,係意指槽長度(光路長度)為10mm時之吸光度。測定所使用之裝置的槽長度並非10mm時,將所得之吸光度之值換算成槽長度為10mm時之值。又,為了吸光度測定,使用適當之對照組。
本發明中,藉由油脂萃取所得之物質重要,尤其是溶劑以外之物質色澤的強度。因此,調製作為吸光度測定之溶液時,僅調節溶劑的量,其他物質的量未變化。即,不是添加溶劑以外之外源性物質,又,不應去除經萃取之物質。例如,該油脂萃取物未包含油脂時,將該萃取物溶解於溶劑,例如油脂,以調製11種之甲氧基黃酮的總含量為5.0mg/ml之溶液。另外,該萃取物包含油脂時,調節包含該油脂之溶劑的量。例如,該萃取物中之11種甲氧基黃酮的總含量超過5.0mg/ml時,追加油脂等之溶劑。該萃取物含有油脂,該11種甲氧基黃酮的總含量原本為5.0mg/ml時,不需調節溶劑量,亦不需調製新的溶液。然而,即使提供將萃取物作為用以吸光度測定之溶液,方便起見,係包含本發明之「調製11種之化合物的總含量為5.0mg/ml之溶液」。
一般而言吸光度係以不存在不溶物的狀態測定。即使在本發明,亦將該萃取物的吸光度以溶液狀態測定。據此,例如以11種甲氧基黃酮的總含量為
5.0mg/ml,導致析出萃取物中之成分時,該吸光度的直接測定困難。如此的情況下,稀釋使用油脂等之該萃取物以作為溶液,稀釋後測定吸光度,將該吸光度換算成萃取物中之該甲氧基黃酮總含量為5.0mg/ml時之值,而得到所期望之值或接近該值之值。即使未稀釋,萃取物中該甲氧基黃酮的總含量低於5.0mg/ml的情況下,若根據該吸光度,進行如上述之換算,而得到所期望之值或接近該值之值。
本發明之油脂萃取物除了甲氧基黃酮或油脂,亦可含有其他成分。例如除了維他命E等之維他命類、礦物質類、荷爾蒙、營養成分等之生理活性成分之外,可含有在製劑化所摻合之穩定化劑、抗氧化劑等。
本發明在另一方面,係從黑薑製造油脂萃取物的方法。
例如,該方法係使油脂與黑薑的植物體接觸,包含萃取選自5,7,3’,4’-四甲氧基黃酮、3,5,7,3’,4’-五甲氧基黃酮、5,7-二甲氧基黃酮、5,7,4’-三甲氧基黃酮、3,5,7-三甲氧基黃酮、3,5,7,4’-四甲氧基黃酮、5-羥基-3,7,3’,4’-四甲氧基黃酮、5-羥基-7-甲氧基黃酮、5-羥基-7,4’-二甲氧基黃酮、5-羥基-3,7-二甲氧基黃酮、及5-羥基
-3,7,4’-三甲氧基黃酮之11種甲氧基黃酮中之1種以上的甲氧基黃酮。此方法的通常例記載於以下。
首先,準備黑薑的植物體。將該植物體或其部位如有必要進行乾燥再粉碎。其次,使該植物體或其部位與油脂接觸,進行萃取。萃取條件只要能夠萃取甲氧基黃酮並未特別限定。通常的萃取溫度為50~180℃、70~170℃、70~150℃、100~150℃、或120~150℃。萃取時間,通常而言,為1分鐘~1天、10分鐘~10小時、或15分鐘~5小時。又,所使用之油脂的容量通常而言,為黑薑之重量的0.1~30倍、或0.5~15倍。所使用之油脂的例係如上述。
雖不被理論束縛,但認為此萃取中,甲氧基黃酮雖轉移至油脂,但產生黑薑的黑紫色之成分則殘留在黑薑的植物體中。又,認為於黑薑產生特有香味之成分,未轉移至油脂殘留在該植物體中。
其次,進行萃取後,如有必要,從藉由該萃取所得之含油脂之萃取物藉由過濾或離心分離去除不溶性固形物。
或者油脂萃取物的製造係包含:使水、親水性溶劑、或該等之混合物與黑薑之植物體接觸,萃取選自5,7,3’,4’-四甲氧基黃酮、3,5,7,3’,4’-五甲氧基黃酮、5,7-二甲氧基黃酮、5,7,4’-三甲氧基黃酮、3,5,7-三甲氧基黃酮、3,5,7,4’-四甲氧基黃酮、5-羥基-3,7,3’,4’-四甲氧基黃酮、5-羥基-7-甲氧基黃酮、5-羥基-7,4’-二甲氧基黃酮、
5-羥基-3,7-二甲氧基黃酮、及5-羥基-3,7,4’-三甲氧基黃酮之11種甲氧基黃酮中之1種以上的甲氧基黃酮,然後使由該萃取所得之中間萃取物與油脂接觸以萃取該甲氧基黃酮。將此方法的通常例記載於以下。
首先,與上述同樣進行以準備黑薑的植物體。其次,使水、親水性溶劑、或該等之混合物與該植物體或其部位接觸,進行萃取。萃取條件若可萃取甲氧基黃酮則並未特別限定。通常的萃取溫度雖為室溫~迴流溫度、40℃~迴流溫度、50℃~迴流溫度、迴流溫度,但較佳為50℃~迴流溫度、或迴流溫度。萃取時間通常為1分鐘~1天、10分鐘~10小時、或15分鐘~5小時。又,所使用之水、親水性溶劑或該等之混合物的容量,通常為黑薑的重量之0.1~30倍、或0.5~15倍。所使用之親水性溶劑較佳為C1-3醇及/或丙酮,更佳為乙醇。例如使用50~100v/v%乙醇進行萃取。將於此萃取步驟所得之中間萃取物附於油脂萃取步驟。
於油脂萃取步驟,係使該中間萃取物與油脂接觸以進行萃取。萃取條件若可萃取甲氧基黃酮則並未特別限定。萃取溫度並未特別限定,例如於5℃以上、10℃以上、20℃以上、30℃以上、40℃、或50℃以上進行。萃取溫度的上限值雖並未特別限制,但若為水、親水性溶劑或該等之混合物的迴流溫度以下即可。萃取時間通常為1分鐘~1天、10分鐘~10小時、或15分鐘~5小時。又,所使用之油脂的容量通常為黑薑的重量之0.01~30
倍、或0.1~15倍。所使用的油脂之例係如上述。
進而,視情況,於該中間萃取物與油脂接觸之前、及/或於接觸該等之間,從該中間萃取物使水、親水性溶劑、或該等之混合物蒸發。蒸發可於常壓下進行、亦可於減壓下進行。如此積極進行蒸發時,萃取時間並不重要。進行蒸發,水、親水性溶劑或該等之混合物的量若降低,認為甲氧基黃酮係於油脂中,視情況,與該親水性溶劑等一起轉移。
雖不被理論束縛,但認為油脂萃取中,甲氧基黃酮雖轉移至油脂,但產生黑薑的黑紫色之成分並未轉移至油脂。
其次,進行萃取後,如有必要從由該萃取所得之含油脂之萃取物藉由過濾或離心分離去除不溶性固形物。此點對於中間萃取物亦相同。
藉由前述之2種方法時,可得到含油脂之萃取物。此含油脂之萃取物雖可不進行進一步純化直接使用,但如有必要可進行純化。例如,可將該含油脂之萃取物進一步附於萃取步驟,以去除油脂。具體而言,使水、親水性溶劑、或該等之混合物與該含油脂之萃取物接觸,以萃取前述1種以上之甲氧基黃酮。此時如有必要,可於該含油脂之萃取物加入低極性的溶劑,例如如n-己烷之C1-8的烴。
所使用之親水性溶劑或親水性溶劑與水的混合物之例係如上述。萃取溫度並未特別限定,例如於5℃
以上、10℃以上、20℃以上、30℃以上、40℃、或50℃以上進行。萃取溫度的上限值雖並未特別限制,但若為水、親水性溶劑或該等之混合物的迴流溫度以下即可。萃取時間通常為1分鐘~1天、10分鐘~10小時、或15分鐘~5小時。又,所使用之水、親水性溶劑或該等之混合物的容量通常為油脂萃取物的重量之0.01~30倍、或0.1~15倍。
進而,於甲氧基黃酮的萃取中,得到源自該含油脂之萃取物的油脂相、與源自該水、親水性溶劑、或該等之混合物之相的2相混合物,將此混合物附於液-液分離步驟。作為結果,可將該水、親水性溶劑、或該等之混合物之相(此係包含甲氧基黃酮與溶劑之萃取物)從油脂相分離。為了液-液分離,例如可單獨將該2相混合物靜置,亦可附於離心分離。其次,得到經分離之萃取物。
經分離之萃取物,係包含選自5,7,3’,4’-四甲氧基黃酮、3,5,7,3’,4’-五甲氧基黃酮、5,7-二甲氧基黃酮、5,7,4’-三甲氧基黃酮、3,5,7-三甲氧基黃酮、3,5,7,4’-四甲氧基黃酮、5-羥基-3,7,3’,4’-四甲氧基黃酮、5-羥基-7-甲氧基黃酮、5-羥基-7,4’-二甲氧基黃酮、5-羥基-3,7-二甲氧基黃酮、及5-羥基-3,7,4’-三甲氧基黃酮之11種甲氧基黃酮中之至少1種的甲氧基黃酮,而且為包含溶劑之液體形態。可直接利用此液,去除溶劑(水、親水性溶劑、或其混合物),可得到包含甲氧基黃酮之粉末形態的萃取物。去除溶劑的方法並未特別限定,可列舉於常壓或減壓
下的蒸餾、凍結乾燥等。
如此進行而去除油脂的萃取物,於黑薑以較高的濃度含有特有的甲氧基黃酮。此萃取物如有必要亦可進一步純化。
依上述之方法所得之油脂萃取物(包含含油脂之萃取物、及去除油脂之萃取物)中,如有必要可添加抗氧化劑等上述之其他成分。
本發明之油脂萃取物可作為飲食品(機能性食品、健康補助食品、營養機能食品、特別用途食品、特定保健用食品、營養補助食品、食事療法用食品、健康食品、補充劑等)、醫藥品或化妝品、或其原料使用。飲食品及醫藥品可為作為寵物之餌的經加工之寵物食品或動物飼料等、以及動物用醫藥品。
飲食品、醫藥品、及化妝品可為了得到抗氧化作用、抗肥胖作用、抗過敏作用、抗炎作用、抗ED作用、血流改善作用等之甲氧基黃酮被認為有效之各種生理作用而使用。
飲食品、醫藥品、化妝品所包含之甲氧基黃酮的總量,雖因其形態或用途而有所不同,但較佳為約0.0001~10重量%,特佳為約0.05~5重量%。
包含本發明之油脂萃取物之飲食品的形態雖並未特別限定,但例如為清涼飲料水(例如運動飲料、碳
酸飲料、果汁飲料)、點心類(例如、蛋糕、餅乾、麵包、糖果)、麵類(例如烏龍麵、蕎麥麵、拉麵、義大利麵)、味噌、醬油、醋、沙拉油、麻油、豆乳、牛乳。或者可為錠劑、顆粒劑、散劑、膠囊劑(亦包含軟膠囊)等之形態。此等使用有關本發明之油脂萃取物、與賦形劑或稀釋劑等之通常所使用之其他材料,可藉由周知之方法製造。
包含本發明之油脂萃取物之醫藥品的形態雖並未特別限定,但例如為外用劑(例如乳液、乳液劑、貼劑、軟膏劑)、口服劑(錠劑、顆粒劑、散劑、膠囊劑(亦包含軟膠囊)、溶液劑、懸濁液劑)。此等使用有關本發明之油脂萃取物、與賦形劑或稀釋劑等之通常所使用之其他材料,可藉由周知之方法製造。
包含本發明之油脂萃取物之化妝品的形態雖並未特別限定,但例如為化妝水、凝膠、乳液、面霜、包劑、乳液、粉底、口紅、粉體、洗面乳、生髮劑。此等亦可使用有關本發明之油脂萃取物、與賦形劑或稀釋劑等之通常所使用之其他材料,可藉由周知之方法製造。
又,本發明者亦發現本發明之油脂萃取物作為NADPH氧化酶(NOX)抑制劑有效。NOX存在於嗜中性粒細胞(Neutrophils)等,已知為生成O2-之酵素。NOX的抑制係與起因於NOX之疾病的預防或治療有關。據此,本發明之油脂萃取物亦可使用在為了起因於NOX之疾病的預防或治療。如此之疾病中,包含特應性
(Atopic)皮膚炎、過敏性鼻炎(花粉症)、過敏性結膜炎、過敏性胃腸炎、支氣管哮喘、兒童哮喘、食物過敏、藥物過敏、蕁麻疹等之過敏疾病、帕金森氏病、腦梗塞、白內障、癲癇、脊髓損傷、動脈硬化、早產兒視網膜病變、腎損害、消化性潰瘍、胰腺炎、潰瘍性結腸炎、心肌梗塞、成人呼吸窘迫綜合症、肺氣腫、類風濕性關節炎等之膠原病、血管炎、浮腫、糖尿病合併症、紫外線障害、高山病、卟啉血症(Porphyrin hyperlipidemia)、熱傷、凍傷、接觸性皮膚炎、休克、多器官功能衰竭、DIC、癌、老化、疲勞、少肌症(Sarcopenia)(肌力減弱)、線粒體功能障礙、癡呆、阿茲海默症。
為了明確化而記載時,本說明書中藉由下限值與上限值所表示之數值範圍,即「下限值~上限值」係包含該等下限值及上限值。例如由「1~2」所表示之範圍係包含1及2。
於黑薑150g加入50%乙醇水溶液1500ml,進行2小時加熱迴流萃取。過濾冷後所得之萃取液,在減壓下濃
縮,進行凍結乾燥,而得到黑薑萃取物25.7g。將所得之萃取物當中之9g附在使用Dia ion HP20(三菱化學股份有限公司製)之管柱層析,對4個餾分(30%乙醇溶出部、50%乙醇溶出部、70%乙醇溶出部、100%乙醇溶出部)進行分餾。其中,將50%乙醇溶出部附在高速液相層析,單離5,7,3’,4’-四甲氧基黃酮(64mg)、3,5,7,3’,4’-五甲氧基黃酮(464mg)、5,7-二甲氧基黃酮(145mg)、5,7,4’-三甲氧基黃酮(188mg)、3,5,7-三甲氧基黃酮(35mg)、3,5,7,4’-四甲氧基黃酮(96mg)。接著對於100%乙醇溶出部亦同樣由液相層析進行分離純化,單離5-羥基-3,7,3’,4’-四甲氧基黃酮(15mg)、5-羥基-7-甲氧基黃酮(84mg)、5-羥基-7,4’-二甲氧基黃酮(56mg)、5-羥基-3,7-二甲氧基黃酮(100mg)、5-羥基-3,7,4’-三甲氧基黃酮(110mg)。經單離之化合物將其頻譜數據在與文獻(大阪市立大學生活科學研究科東銳明氏博士論文「薑科植物Kaempferia parviflora所包含之成分的構造與α-葡萄糖苷酶抑制活性及抗變異原性」)所記載之各種頻譜數據比較後進行鑑別。
於3g及15g之黑薑分別加入橄欖油30mL,於120℃進行30分鐘萃取之後,冷卻後過濾,而得到2個淡黃色的黑薑油脂萃取物。用以下的分析條件,定量所得之2個
油脂萃取物中之甲氧基黃酮11種(表1所記載之化合物1~11)的總含量時,該值為6.2mg/mL(由3g的黑薑)、22.4mg/mL(由15g的黑薑)。尚,該等之萃取物全部包含表1所記載之化合物1~11。
於黑薑油脂萃取物1.0mL加入n-己烷1.0mL稀釋後,在2.0mL之80%甲醇水溶液進行3次甲氧基黃酮的萃取。將所得之80%甲醇萃取液通過Mega Bond Elute C18(安捷倫科技公司製)後,以洗出吸附在Mega Bond Elute C18之甲氧基黃酮為目的,通過80%甲醇2.0mL。合併所得之溶液後,最終達到10mL,來作為HPLC用之分析試料。
管柱:Develosil C30 UG5(4.6×150mm、5μm、野村化學股份有限公司製)
檢測:280nm(PDA為200~600nm)
管柱溫度:40℃
移動相A:0.05%三氟乙酸水溶液
移動相B:90%乙腈水溶液中之三氟乙酸0.05%溶液
梯度:移動相B 50%-50%-70%-70%(0min-7.5min-20min-25min)
流速:1.0mL/min
試料注入量:10μL
於黑薑50g加入乙醇500mL,進行1小時加熱迴流萃取。冷卻後所得之萃取液後,進行吸引過濾,於所得之萃取液加入中鏈脂肪酸甘油三酯15mL,由減壓濃縮餾除乙醇當中,以排除不溶物為目的再度進行吸引過濾,而得到黑薑油脂萃取物。又進行同樣的乙醇萃取操作而得到新的2個萃取液,於該等萃取液加入15ml之橄欖油、或中鏈脂肪酸甘油三酯(日清奧利友集團股份有限公司製、日清MCT油)與橄欖油的混合液(混合比率為1:1),由減壓濃縮餾除乙醇當中,將經析出之不溶物在吸引過濾去除,而得到2個黑薑油脂萃取物。針對所得之3個黑薑油脂萃取物,依實施例2分析11種甲氧基黃酮的總含量時,其值分別為34.7mg/mL(中鏈脂肪酸甘油三酯)、4.5mg/mL(橄欖油)、6.7mg/mL(中鏈脂肪酸甘油三酯與橄欖油的混合液)。從該等,瞭解到甲氧基黃酮係於中鏈脂肪酸甘油三酯溶解性高,中鏈脂肪酸甘油三酯適合於溶劑。尚,該等之萃取物皆全部包含表1所記載之化合物1~11。
於黑薑30g加入中鏈脂肪酸甘油三酯與橄欖油的混合液(混合比率為1:1)30mL,而得到3個懸濁液,分別
於100℃、120℃、及150℃進行萃取後(萃取時間:30分鐘),再過濾而得到3個油脂萃取物。將此等所包含之11種甲氧基黃酮的總含量,以與實施例2相同的方法測定。該含量為6.8mg/mL(100℃)、22.6mg/mL(120℃)、24.4mg/mL(150℃),非常清楚於更高溫的萃取係有效率地。尚,該等之萃取物皆全部包含表1所記載之化合物1~11。
為了確認因黑薑的批量而造成油脂萃取物組成的不同,準備2個黑薑200g,分別對其加入乙醇1000mL,進行1小時加熱迴流萃取。冷卻所得之液後,進行吸引過濾,分成殘渣與萃取液。再度於殘渣加入乙醇1000mL,進行1小時加熱迴流萃取,再過濾與先前所得之萃取液合併。接著於萃取液加入中鏈脂肪酸甘油三酯100mL,由減壓濃縮餾除乙醇當中,將經析出之不溶物在吸引過濾去除,而得到2個黑薑油脂萃取物。依實施例2分析該等之萃取物中甲氧基黃酮的含量時,甲氧基黃酮總量為90.4mg/mL(以下將此萃取物稱為「萃取物A」)、54.9mg/mL(以下將此萃取物稱為「萃取物B」)。又將此等2個萃取物中之甲氧基黃酮總量在橄欖油調節至5mg/ml,而得到2個溶液,測定該溶液在660nm之吸光度時,分別為0.036(萃取物A)、0.030(萃取物B)(使用甲醇作為對照組)。尚,該等之萃取物皆全部包含
表1所記載之化合物1~11。
於黑薑乾燥物200g加入50%乙醇水溶液1000mL,進行1小時加熱迴流萃取。冷卻所得之液後,進行吸引過濾,分成殘渣與萃取液。再度於殘渣加入50%乙醇水溶液1000mL,進行1小時加熱迴流萃取,再過濾與先前所得之萃取液合併。放冷至室溫後,經減壓濃縮後,進行凍結乾燥,而得到49g(收率24.5%)黑薑乙醇萃取物-1。以確認因黑薑的批量間造成的差異為目的,在與上述相同的方法進行操作時,而得到23g(收率15.2%)黑薑乙醇萃取物-2。接著,本萃取物中之11種甲氧基黃酮總含量依實施例2之方法測定時,分別為264mg/g、267mg/g。將黑薑乙醇萃取物-1中之甲氧基黃酮總量在甲醇調節至5mg/ml,而得到溶液,測定該溶液在660nm之吸光度時,為0.95(對照組為甲醇)。此值遠大於在實施例5中從本發明之萃取物所得之值。尚,該等之萃取物皆全部包含表1所記載之化合物1~11。
將市售之黑薑萃取物(商品名:Black Ginger萃取物、九善製藥股份有限公司製)中之甲氧基黃酮總量在50%甲醇水溶液調節至5mg/ml,而得到溶液,測定該溶液在660nm之吸光度時,為1.960(對照組為甲醇)。
針對依實施例4所記載之方法(於120℃在橄欖油所萃取者)從黑薑所製造之油脂萃取物(A)、與依比較例1所記載之方法從黑薑所製造之含水醇萃取物(B),拍攝照片。油脂萃取物(A)以總甲氧基黃酮量成為5mg/ml的方式由橄欖油調節濃度。含水醇萃取物(B)亦相同,以總甲氧基黃酮量成為5mg/ml的方式在50%乙醇水溶液調節濃度。將結果示於圖1。圖1中之左為油脂萃取物A,右為萃取物B。非常清楚本發明之油脂萃取物者著色程度低。
於實施例5所得之2個黑薑油脂萃取物A及B各10g加入n-己烷10mL後,與80%乙醇水溶液(20mL)接觸,將甲氧基黃酮轉換溶解於乙醇水溶液。靜置於此所得之混合物,將乙醇水溶液之相從油脂相分離。取出該乙醇水溶液相,在減壓下餾除溶劑,含有甲氧基黃酮之黃色粉末從萃取物A得到1.03g、從萃取物B得到0.68g。尚,該等之粉末皆全部包含表1所記載之化合物1~11。
分別於黑薑10g、20g、30g、40g加入10倍量的乙
醇,進行1小時加熱迴流萃取。冷卻所得之液後,進行吸引過濾,於該萃取液加入中鏈脂肪酸甘油三酯15mL,由減壓濃縮餾除乙醇後,以排除不溶物為目的再度進行吸引過濾,而得到個別的黑薑油脂萃取物。對於所得之4個黑薑油脂萃取物,依實施例2分析11種甲氧基黃酮的總含量時,該值分別為23.9mg/mL、46.3mg/mL、69.4mg/mL、78.1mg/mL。又,總甲氧基黃酮量包含46.3mg/mL以上之油脂萃取物,放置於室溫時,確認甲氧基黃酮類的析出。尚,該等之萃取物皆全部包含表1所記載之化合物1~11。
經分化之HL-60細胞的調製:已知有人類髓系白血病細胞HL-60細胞雖以未分化狀態重複增殖,但藉由添加DMSO(dimethyl sulfoxide)或視黃酸等,而分化成成熟粒細胞(Granulocyte),失去增殖能,同時亦成為分化的指標之NOX(NADPH oxidase)表現於細胞內,該NOX可作為用以評價NOX抑制活性之酵素源予以利用。
為了對表現NOX之粒細胞進行分化,將以含有10%FBS之RPMI1640培養基培養之未分化HL-60細胞,於含有1%DMSO之含10%FBS之RPMI1640培養基以成為5×105cells/ml的方式使其懸濁,藉由將該懸濁液
每15ml分注於內徑10cm之淺盤,在CO2恆溫箱(37℃)培養3天後,追加10ml含有1%DMSO之含10%FBS之RPMI1640培養基於各淺盤,進一步培養3天,可得到NOX之經表現之已分化HL-60細胞。如以下所記載,使用經分化之HL-60細胞的細胞破碎液或直接使用生細胞測定NOX活性。
藉由使用細胞破碎液之cell-free系的NOX活性測定:將由DMSO處理使其分化之HL-60細胞由離心處理收集,以PBS(磷酸緩衝生理食鹽水)洗淨一次後,使用細胞破碎用之緩衝液(含有131mM NaCl及340mM sucrose之8mM磷酸緩衝液pH7.0),以成為1×108cells/ml的方式使其懸濁。使其冰冷後,使用超音波破碎機(Bioruptor UCD-250HSA、Cosmo Bio製),在4℃以下之條件藉由重複3次「於最大輸出的破碎20秒/間隔冷卻30秒」的製程,而得到細胞破碎液。藉由將1000g破碎液進行4分鐘的離心處理,於去除debris所得之上清液,加入9倍容之反應用的緩衝液(含有1mM EGTA、10μM FAD及170mM sucrose之65mM磷酸緩衝液pH7.0),調製NOX測定用之細胞破碎上清液(相當於1×107cells/ml)。
NOX的反應係於96well之微孔板每一well注入50μl之上述細胞破碎液,進而將NOX活性化劑即0.5mM SDS溶液添加25μl於25μl、基質之0.4mM
NADPH溶液,在25℃進行30~90分鐘。NOX活性係將NADPH的消費速度藉由螢光測定(Ex:355nm/Em:460nm)求得。
被驗樣品之NOX抑制活性,調製樣品之DMSO溶液(試藥的情況通常為10mM),藉由DMSO調製3倍稀釋系列之溶液,將此於上述之反應液各添加1μl/well,進行酵素反應,將所得之抑制活性作為IC50值(μM,萃取物的情況為μg/ml)表示。
使用經分化之HL-60生細胞之NOX活性測定:將由DMSO處理使其分化之HL-60細胞由離心處理收集,於未包含FBS及酚紅之D-MEM培養基,以成為5×106cells/ml的方式使其懸濁。NOX的反應於96well之微孔板每一well注入25μl之上述細胞懸濁液,進而分別各添加25μl使用上述之D-MEM所調製之0.8mg/ml WST-1溶液、調製成特定濃度之被驗樣品溶解液(調製樣品之DMSO溶液(試藥的情況通常為10mM),由此使用DMSO調製3倍稀釋系列的溶液,將此以成為1v/v%以下的方式溶解於上述之D-MEM,調製該被驗樣品溶解液),並攪拌後,添加25μl之4μM PMA(Phorbol 12-Myristate 13-acetate、最終濃度為1μM)D-MEM溶液,進行NOX的活性化,再進行37℃、45分鐘的反應,將NOX酵素生成物即超氧化物(Superoxide)與反應液中之WST-1進行反應所生成之黃色甲臢(Formazane)作為
450nm的吸光度測定。尚,於此NOX活性測定系,確認只要未添加PMA,NOX就無法活性化。
將所得之抑制活性作為IC50值(μM,萃取物的情況為μg/ml)表示。
結果:依上述,測定總甲氧基黃酮量22.4mg/ml之黑薑油脂萃取物-1(於實施例2所得者)、總甲氧基黃酮量69.4mg/ml之黑薑油脂萃取物-2(於實施例8所得者)、乙醇萃取物(於比較例1所得之黑薑乙醇萃取物-1及2)的NOX抑制活性(使用經分化之HL-60生細胞的NOX抑制活性測定)。為了發現黑薑之批量間活性強度的差異,針對2種黑薑進行檢討。又由於油脂萃取物無法直接測定活性,故進行脫脂處理。具體而言於油脂萃取物0.5mL加入同量的n-己烷0.5mL進行稀釋後,在0.5mL之80%甲醇水溶液進行3次甲氧基黃酮的萃取。將所得之萃取液吸附在Sep-Pak PLUS C8 125Å Catrtriges(沃特世公司製),進而通過80%甲醇3.0mL,去除油分。然後,將Sep-Pak PLUS C8 125Å Catrtriges以溶劑洗淨所得之溶液進行減壓濃縮、凍結乾燥,調製評價試料。將所測定之IC50值示於以下之表2。
以下所示之IC50值係根據總甲氧基黃酮量來表示NOX抑制活性。比較該等之值時,相較於乙醇萃取物,任一者皆顯示油脂萃取物者顯示高作用(低IC50)。由此,如本發明藉由以油脂進行萃取,披露有對於NOX
更高抑制作用之甲氧基黃酮有效率地萃取。
鑑於實施例9的結果,比較來自黑薑之油脂萃取物與親水性溶劑萃取物的組成。具體而言,依實施例2~6及8,進行油脂萃取(僅於油脂的萃取、或乙醇萃取與接著乙醇萃取之油脂萃取),依比較例1進行乙醇萃取。油脂萃取中,作為油脂,使用橄欖油、或橄欖油與中鏈脂肪酸甘油酯(於本實施例使用中鏈脂肪酸甘油三酯,亦將此表示為「MCT」)的混合物。所得之萃取物,根據實施例2所記載之方法以HPLC分析,將所得之HPLC面積值示於以下。在以下之表,方便起見亦將油脂單示為「Oil」。又,甲氧基黃酮的化合物編號對應表1所記載之化合物編號。
如表3A及3B所示,在油脂萃取物,NOX抑制活性高之甲氧基黃酮(群A之甲氧基黃酮)的比例,即A/(A+B)亦較乙醇萃取物更高。如此組成的不同,可影
響NOX抑制活性。
Claims (16)
- 一種萃取物,其係從黑薑所得之油脂萃取物,其特徵為含有選自由5,7,3’,4’-四甲氧基黃酮、3,5,7,3’,4’-五甲氧基黃酮、5,7-二甲氧基黃酮及5,7,4’-三甲氧基黃酮所構成之群A中之至少1種,與選自由3,5,7-三甲氧基黃酮、3,5,7,4’-四甲氧基黃酮、5-羥基-3,7,3’,4’-四甲氧基黃酮、5-羥基-7-甲氧基黃酮、5-羥基-7,4’-二甲氧基黃酮、5-羥基-3,7-二甲氧基黃酮及5-羥基-3,7,4’-三甲氧基黃酮所構成之群B中之至少1種;相對於該群A及群B之甲氧基黃酮的總含量,群A之甲氧基黃酮的總含量的比例(A/(A+B))以重量基準計為超過0.65;從該萃取物,調製該11種甲氧基黃酮的總含量為5.0mg/ml之溶液,測定該溶液在波長660nm之吸光度時,所得之吸光度為0.10以下。
- 如請求項1之萃取物,其中,相對於該群A及群B之甲氧基黃酮的總含量,群A之甲氧基黃酮的總含量的比例(A/(A+B))以重量基準計為0.71以上。
- 如請求項1或2之萃取物,其中,前述油脂係選自中鏈脂肪酸甘油三酯、二醯基甘油、芝麻沙拉油、橄欖油、大豆油、菜籽油、玉米油、米胚芽油、葵花籽油、紫蘇油、蘇子油(Perilla oil)中之至少一種。
- 一種飲食品,其係包含如請求項1或2之萃取物。
- 一種化妝品,其係包含如請求項1或2之萃取 物。
- 一種油脂萃取物的製造方法,其係從黑薑製造含有選自由5,7,3’,4’-四甲氧基黃酮、3,5,7,3’,4’-五甲氧基黃酮、5,7-二甲氧基黃酮及5,7,4’-三甲氧基黃酮所構成之群A中之至少1種,與選自由3,5,7-三甲氧基黃酮、3,5,7,4’-四甲氧基黃酮、5-羥基-3,7,3’,4’-四甲氧基黃酮、5-羥基-7-甲氧基黃酮、5-羥基-7,4’-二甲氧基黃酮、5-羥基-3,7-二甲氧基黃酮及5-羥基-3,7,4’-三甲氧基黃酮所構成之群B中之至少1種之油脂萃取物的方法,其特徵為包含使油脂與黑薑之植物體接觸,萃取該1種以上之甲氧基黃酮;相對於該油脂萃取物中之該群A及群B之甲氧基黃酮的總含量,群A之甲氧基黃酮的總含量的比例(A/(A+B))以重量基準計為超過0.65。
- 如請求項6之製造方法,其中,前述油脂係選自中鏈脂肪酸甘油三酯、二醯基甘油、芝麻沙拉油、橄欖油、大豆油、菜籽油、玉米油、米胚芽油、葵花籽油、紫蘇油、蘇子油中之至少一種。
- 如請求項6之製造方法,其中,前述萃取係於50~180℃下進行。
- 一種油脂萃取物的製造方法,其係從黑薑製造含有選自由5,7,3’,4’-四甲氧基黃酮、3,5,7,3’,4’-五甲氧基黃酮、5,7-二甲氧基黃酮及5,7,4’-三甲氧基黃酮所構成之群A中之至少1種,與選自由3,5,7-三甲氧基黃酮、 3,5,7,4’-四甲氧基黃酮、5-羥基-3,7,3’,4’-四甲氧基黃酮、5-羥基-7-甲氧基黃酮、5-羥基-7,4’-二甲氧基黃酮、5-羥基-3,7-二甲氧基黃酮及5-羥基-3,7,4’-三甲氧基黃酮所構成之群B中之至少1種之油脂萃取物的方法,其特徵為包含使水、親水性溶劑、或該等之混合物與黑薑之植物體接觸,萃取該1種以上之甲氧基黃酮,而且使油脂與由該萃取所得之中間萃取物接觸,以萃取該甲氧基黃酮;相對於該油脂萃取物中之該群A及群B之甲氧基黃酮的總含量,群A之甲氧基黃酮的總含量的比例(A/(A+B))以重量基準計為超過0.65。
- 如請求項9之製造方法,其係進一步包含使油脂與該中間萃取物接觸之前及/或在該等接觸之期間,從該中間萃取物使水、親水性溶劑、或該等之混合物蒸發。
- 如請求項9之製造方法,其中,前述油脂係選自中鏈脂肪酸甘油三酯、二醯基甘油、芝麻沙拉油、橄欖油、大豆油、菜籽油、玉米油、米胚芽油、葵花籽油、紫蘇油、蘇子油中之至少一種。
- 一種油脂萃取物的製造方法,其係如請求項6~11中任一項之油脂萃取物的製造方法,進一步包含:使藉由與油脂的前述接觸步驟所得之含油脂之萃取物,與水、親水性溶劑、或該等之混合物接觸,以萃取前述1種以上之甲氧基黃酮,而且將於該甲氧基黃酮的萃取中所得之2相混合物進行液-液分離,而得到以該液-液分離步驟所分離之包含水、親水性溶劑、或該等之混合物之萃取物 者。
- 如請求項12之製造方法,其係進一步包含從經前述液-液分離步驟所得之萃取物中排除水、親水性溶劑、或該等之混合物。
- 如請求項9~13中任一項之製造方法,其中,前述親水性溶劑為C1-3醇及/或丙酮。
- 如請求項6~13中任一項之製造方法,其中,相對於該油脂萃取物中之該群A及群B之甲氧基黃酮的總含量,群A之甲氧基黃酮的總含量的比例(A/(A+B))以重量基準計為0.71以上。
- 一種油脂萃取物,其係藉由如請求項6~15中任一項之製造方法所得到之含有選自前述群A中之至少1種甲氧基黃酮、與選自前述群B中之至少1種甲氧基黃酮之油脂萃取物。
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