TWI608003B - 新穎有機電場發光化合物及包含該化合物之有機電場發光裝置 - Google Patents
新穎有機電場發光化合物及包含該化合物之有機電場發光裝置 Download PDFInfo
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- TWI608003B TWI608003B TW104134838A TW104134838A TWI608003B TW I608003 B TWI608003 B TW I608003B TW 104134838 A TW104134838 A TW 104134838A TW 104134838 A TW104134838 A TW 104134838A TW I608003 B TWI608003 B TW I608003B
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- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 title claims description 111
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 35
- 230000005684 electric field Effects 0.000 claims description 25
- -1 cyano, carboxyl Chemical group 0.000 claims description 19
- 125000000923 (C1-C30) alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 18
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 claims description 12
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 11
- 125000001072 heteroaryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- OAKJQQAXSVQMHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrazine Chemical compound NN OAKJQQAXSVQMHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 125000004093 cyano group Chemical group *C#N 0.000 claims description 8
- 125000000753 cycloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 8
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 claims description 7
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 7
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000000008 (C1-C10) alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000000739 C2-C30 alkenyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000007983 Tris buffer Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000003545 alkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000000304 alkynyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000001769 aryl amino group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000000592 heterocycloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000004453 alkoxycarbonyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000004448 alkyl carbonyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000004414 alkyl thio group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000005129 aryl carbonyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000005110 aryl thio group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000004104 aryloxy group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000000392 cycloalkenyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000000547 substituted alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000001475 halogen functional group Chemical group 0.000 claims 1
- 125000003107 substituted aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 76
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 72
- XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acetate Chemical compound CCOC(C)=O XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 39
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 27
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 24
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 24
- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Palladium Chemical compound [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 22
- 239000002019 doping agent Substances 0.000 description 19
- 239000012044 organic layer Substances 0.000 description 19
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 16
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 14
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 238000004440 column chromatography Methods 0.000 description 11
- CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L Magnesium sulfate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-][S+2]([O-])([O-])[O-] CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 10
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 10
- YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dichloromethane Chemical compound ClCCl YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylformamide Chemical compound CN(C)C=O ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 239000012153 distilled water Substances 0.000 description 9
- 230000005525 hole transport Effects 0.000 description 9
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 9
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 9
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 238000007740 vapor deposition Methods 0.000 description 8
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 125000003983 fluorenyl group Chemical group C1(=CC=CC=2C3=CC=CC=C3CC12)* 0.000 description 6
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000010992 reflux Methods 0.000 description 6
- YZCKVEUIGOORGS-OUBTZVSYSA-N Deuterium Chemical compound [2H] YZCKVEUIGOORGS-OUBTZVSYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229910052805 deuterium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 238000004020 luminiscence type Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229910052943 magnesium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 235000019341 magnesium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 125000002950 monocyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 5
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- TXCDCPKCNAJMEE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dibenzofuran Natural products C1=CC=C2C3=CC=CC=C3OC2=C1 TXCDCPKCNAJMEE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- PIICEJLVQHRZGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylenediamine Chemical compound NCCN PIICEJLVQHRZGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- 125000004429 atom Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 4
- IYYZUPMFVPLQIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N dibenzothiophene sulfoxide Natural products C1=CC=C2C3=CC=CC=C3SC2=C1 IYYZUPMFVPLQIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 125000005842 heteroatom Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- ATBKVKDEMSGMTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydrazine triphenylphosphane Chemical compound NN.C1(=CC=CC=C1)P(C1=CC=CC=C1)C1=CC=CC=C1 ATBKVKDEMSGMTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 4
- UCCUXODGPMAHRL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-bromo-4-iodobenzene Chemical compound BrC1=CC=C(I)C=C1 UCCUXODGPMAHRL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- APSMUYYLXZULMS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-bromonaphthalene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=CC(Br)=CC=C21 APSMUYYLXZULMS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- VQGHOUODWALEFC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-phenylpyridine Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=CC=N1 VQGHOUODWALEFC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910021595 Copper(I) iodide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- RWRDLPDLKQPQOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyrrolidine Chemical compound C1CCNC1 RWRDLPDLKQPQOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- ZEEBGORNQSEQBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N [2-(3-phenylphenoxy)-6-(trifluoromethyl)pyridin-4-yl]methanamine Chemical compound C1(=CC(=CC=C1)OC1=NC(=CC(=C1)CN)C(F)(F)F)C1=CC=CC=C1 ZEEBGORNQSEQBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- SAHIZENKTPRYSN-UHFFFAOYSA-N [2-[3-(phenoxymethyl)phenoxy]-6-(trifluoromethyl)pyridin-4-yl]methanamine Chemical compound O(C1=CC=CC=C1)CC=1C=C(OC2=NC(=CC(=C2)CN)C(F)(F)F)C=CC=1 SAHIZENKTPRYSN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- ABRVLXLNVJHDRQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N [2-pyridin-3-yl-6-(trifluoromethyl)pyridin-4-yl]methanamine Chemical compound FC(C1=CC(=CC(=N1)C=1C=NC=CC=1)CN)(F)F ABRVLXLNVJHDRQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 150000001335 aliphatic alkanes Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 125000003943 azolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- LSXDOTMGLUJQCM-UHFFFAOYSA-M copper(i) iodide Chemical compound I[Cu] LSXDOTMGLUJQCM-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- NIHNNTQXNPWCJQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N fluorene Chemical compound C1=CC=C2CC3=CC=CC=C3C2=C1 NIHNNTQXNPWCJQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910001507 metal halide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 150000005309 metal halides Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- SCVFZCLFOSHCOH-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium acetate Chemical compound [K+].CC([O-])=O SCVFZCLFOSHCOH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium carbonate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]C([O-])=O BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 3
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- MFRIHAYPQRLWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium tert-butoxide Chemical compound [Na+].CC(C)(C)[O-] MFRIHAYPQRLWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- YJTKZCDBKVTVBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-Diphenylbenzene Chemical group C1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=CC(C=2C=CC=CC=2)=C1 YJTKZCDBKVTVBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- STTGYIUESPWXOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,9-dimethyl-4,7-diphenyl-1,10-phenanthroline Chemical compound C=12C=CC3=C(C=4C=CC=CC=4)C=C(C)N=C3C2=NC(C)=CC=1C1=CC=CC=C1 STTGYIUESPWXOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VFUDMQLBKNMONU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 9-[4-(4-carbazol-9-ylphenyl)phenyl]carbazole Chemical group C12=CC=CC=C2C2=CC=CC=C2N1C1=CC=C(C=2C=CC(=CC=2)N2C3=CC=CC=C3C3=CC=CC=C32)C=C1 VFUDMQLBKNMONU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UJOBWOGCFQCDNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 9H-carbazole Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C3=CC=CC=C3NC2=C1 UJOBWOGCFQCDNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chloroform Chemical compound ClC(Cl)Cl HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N O-Xylene Chemical group CC1=CC=CC=C1C CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XYFCBTPGUUZFHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphine Chemical compound P XYFCBTPGUUZFHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- SMWDFEZZVXVKRB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Quinoline Chemical compound N1=CC=CC2=CC=CC=C21 SMWDFEZZVXVKRB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000002723 alicyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 125000002178 anthracenyl group Chemical group C1(=CC=CC2=CC3=CC=CC=C3C=C12)* 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- YNHIGQDRGKUECZ-UHFFFAOYSA-L bis(triphenylphosphine)palladium(ii) dichloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Pd+2].C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1.C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 YNHIGQDRGKUECZ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- QARVLSVVCXYDNA-UHFFFAOYSA-N bromobenzene Chemical compound BrC1=CC=CC=C1 QARVLSVVCXYDNA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000872 buffer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000004770 chalcogenides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 description 2
- IYYZUPMFVPLQIF-ALWQSETLSA-N dibenzothiophene Chemical class C1=CC=CC=2[34S]C3=C(C=21)C=CC=C3 IYYZUPMFVPLQIF-ALWQSETLSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZUOUZKKEUPVFJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N diphenyl Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=CC=C1 ZUOUZKKEUPVFJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000005281 excited state Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009477 glass transition Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052741 iridium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- GKOZUEZYRPOHIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iridium atom Chemical compound [Ir] GKOZUEZYRPOHIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000001465 metallisation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000002894 organic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910052762 osmium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- SYQBFIAQOQZEGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N osmium atom Chemical compound [Os] SYQBFIAQOQZEGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 125000003367 polycyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 125000004076 pyridyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000000999 tert-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C(*)(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
- 229910052723 transition metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000003624 transition metals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- RIOQSEWOXXDEQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N triphenylphosphine Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 RIOQSEWOXXDEQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BWHDROKFUHTORW-UHFFFAOYSA-N tritert-butylphosphane Chemical compound CC(C)(C)P(C(C)(C)C)C(C)(C)C BWHDROKFUHTORW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- JWZZKOKVBUJMES-UHFFFAOYSA-N (+-)-Isoprenaline Chemical compound CC(C)NCC(O)C1=CC=C(O)C(O)=C1 JWZZKOKVBUJMES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JWJQEUDGBZMPAX-UHFFFAOYSA-N (9-phenylcarbazol-3-yl)boronic acid Chemical compound C12=CC=CC=C2C2=CC(B(O)O)=CC=C2N1C1=CC=CC=C1 JWJQEUDGBZMPAX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000006749 (C6-C60) aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- FTNJQNQLEGKTGD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-benzodioxole Chemical group C1=CC=C2OCOC2=C1 FTNJQNQLEGKTGD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IBXMKLPFLZYRQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,5-diphenylpenta-1,4-dien-3-one;palladium Chemical compound [Pd].[Pd].C=1C=CC=CC=1C=CC(=O)C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 IBXMKLPFLZYRQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004973 1-butenyl group Chemical group C(=CCC)* 0.000 description 1
- 125000004972 1-butynyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C#C* 0.000 description 1
- 125000000530 1-propynyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C#C* 0.000 description 1
- 125000004974 2-butenyl group Chemical group C(C=CC)* 0.000 description 1
- 125000000069 2-butynyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C#CC([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 125000003903 2-propenyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000001494 2-propynyl group Chemical group [H]C#CC([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- ARVCVPGNHWNNAF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)-9h-carbazole Chemical compound O1C(C)(C)C(C)(C)OB1C1=CC=C(NC=2C3=CC=CC=2)C3=C1 ARVCVPGNHWNNAF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004975 3-butenyl group Chemical group C(CC=C)* 0.000 description 1
- 125000000474 3-butynyl group Chemical group [H]C#CC([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 229910004261 CaF 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002841 Lewis acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910018068 Li 2 O Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 101150003085 Pdcl gene Proteins 0.000 description 1
- QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propene Chemical group CC=C QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012327 Ruthenium complex Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910003564 SiAlON Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DHXVGJBLRPWPCS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydropyran Chemical compound C1CCOCC1 DHXVGJBLRPWPCS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YPWFISCTZQNZAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Thiane Chemical compound C1CCSCC1 YPWFISCTZQNZAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UVIFHAPRMMAMAR-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Al+3].C1(=CC=CC=C1)C1=CC=C(C=C1)O Chemical compound [Al+3].C1(=CC=CC=C1)C1=CC=C(C=C1)O UVIFHAPRMMAMAR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CUJRVFIICFDLGR-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetylacetonate Chemical compound CC(=O)[CH-]C(C)=O CUJRVFIICFDLGR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001339 alkali metal compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052784 alkaline earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001342 alkaline earth metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000003342 alkenyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000001345 alkine derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000003282 alkyl amino group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- HSFWRNGVRCDJHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N alpha-acetylene Natural products C#C HSFWRNGVRCDJHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001450 anions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000004982 aromatic amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000004945 aromatic hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000003710 aryl alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000005264 aryl amine group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000003785 benzimidazolyl group Chemical group N1=C(NC2=C1C=CC=C2)* 0.000 description 1
- 125000000499 benzofuranyl group Chemical group O1C(=CC2=C1C=CC=C2)* 0.000 description 1
- 125000005874 benzothiadiazolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000001164 benzothiazolyl group Chemical group S1C(=NC2=C1C=CC=C2)* 0.000 description 1
- 125000004196 benzothienyl group Chemical group S1C(=CC2=C1C=CC=C2)* 0.000 description 1
- 235000010290 biphenyl Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000004305 biphenyl Substances 0.000 description 1
- ZCTGHXIWIDBZAC-UHFFFAOYSA-K bis(pyridine-2-carbonyloxy)bismuthanyl pyridine-2-carboxylate Chemical compound [Bi+3].[O-]C(=O)c1ccccn1.[O-]C(=O)c1ccccn1.[O-]C(=O)c1ccccn1 ZCTGHXIWIDBZAC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- UFVXQDWNSAGPHN-UHFFFAOYSA-K bis[(2-methylquinolin-8-yl)oxy]-(4-phenylphenoxy)alumane Chemical compound [Al+3].C1=CC=C([O-])C2=NC(C)=CC=C21.C1=CC=C([O-])C2=NC(C)=CC=C21.C1=CC([O-])=CC=C1C1=CC=CC=C1 UFVXQDWNSAGPHN-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 229910052797 bismuth Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- JCXGWMGPZLAOME-UHFFFAOYSA-N bismuth atom Chemical compound [Bi] JCXGWMGPZLAOME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZADPBFCGQRWHPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N boronic acid Chemical compound OBO ZADPBFCGQRWHPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052794 bromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000003139 buffering effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001716 carbazoles Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000000609 carbazolyl group Chemical group C1(=CC=CC=2C3=CC=CC=C3NC12)* 0.000 description 1
- 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000007810 chemical reaction solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000010549 co-Evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000001995 cyclobutyl group Chemical group [H]C1([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C1([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000000113 cyclohexyl group Chemical group [H]C1([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])C1([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000001511 cyclopentyl group Chemical group [H]C1([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C1([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005137 deposition process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000002720 diazolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000004826 dibenzofurans Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000005509 dibenzothiophenyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- NKFGRCVTFLROEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N diborinine Chemical compound B1=BC=CC=C1 NKFGRCVTFLROEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000003618 dip coating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005401 electroluminescence Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 125000002534 ethynyl group Chemical group [H]C#C* 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000000524 functional group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000002541 furyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005283 ground state Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 description 1
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 1
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000002883 imidazolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- AMGQUBHHOARCQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N indium;oxotin Chemical compound [In].[Sn]=O AMGQUBHHOARCQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000007641 inkjet printing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052740 iodine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000007733 ion plating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000001977 isobenzofuranyl group Chemical group C=1(OC=C2C=CC=CC12)* 0.000 description 1
- 125000000959 isobutyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 125000001449 isopropyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000005956 isoquinolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000001786 isothiazolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000002601 lanthanoid compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000007517 lewis acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002736 metal compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 125000004108 n-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 125000004123 n-propyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 125000001624 naphthyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000000449 nitro group Chemical group [O-][N+](*)=O 0.000 description 1
- 229940078552 o-xylene Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 125000002524 organometallic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000002971 oxazolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000002923 oximes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- LXNAVEXFUKBNMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N palladium(II) acetate Substances [Pd].CC(O)=O.CC(O)=O LXNAVEXFUKBNMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YJVFFLUZDVXJQI-UHFFFAOYSA-L palladium(ii) acetate Chemical compound [Pd+2].CC([O-])=O.CC([O-])=O YJVFFLUZDVXJQI-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000005561 phenanthryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229910000073 phosphorus hydride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000011056 potassium acetate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000007639 printing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000001436 propyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000003226 pyrazolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyridine Substances C1=CC=NC=C1 JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000714 pyrimidinyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000000168 pyrrolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000002294 quinazolinyl group Chemical group N1=C(N=CC2=CC=CC=C12)* 0.000 description 1
- 125000005493 quinolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000002910 rare earth metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000005215 recombination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006798 recombination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012827 research and development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910052814 silicon oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004544 sputter deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010025 steaming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000005017 substituted alkenyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000005415 substituted alkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000004426 substituted alkynyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000005346 substituted cycloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 1
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrofuran Natural products C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000003831 tetrazolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000001113 thiadiazolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000000335 thiazolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000001544 thienyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000001425 triazolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000001771 vacuum deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007738 vacuum evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
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Description
本揭露係關於新穎有機電場發光化合物及包含該化合物之有機電場發光裝置。
電場發光裝置(EL裝置)係自發光(self-light-emitting)裝置,其在提供更寬視角、更大對比度及更快響應時間方面具有優勢。第一個有機EL裝置係由Eastman Kodak使用小分子芳族二胺及鋁錯合物作為形成發光層之材質而研發[Appl.Phys.Lett.51,913,1987]。
有機EL裝置(OLED)係藉由施加電於有機電場發光材料上而將電能變為光之裝置,其通常具有包含陽極、陰極、及介於該陽極與陰極間之有機層的結構。有機EL裝置之有機層可由電洞注入層、電洞傳輸層、電子阻擋層、發光層(其係包含主體及摻雜劑材料)、電子緩衝層、電洞阻擋層、電子傳輸層、電子注入層等組成,且由於該
有機層之材料係藉由其功能而歸類為電洞注入材料、電洞傳輸材料、電子阻擋材料、發光材料、電子緩衝材料、電洞阻擋材料、電子傳輸材料、電子注入材料等。於有機EL裝置中,由於電壓之施加,電洞係該陽極注入發光層,電子係自陰極注入發光層,且藉由該等電洞與電子之重組而形成高能激子。藉由此能量,發光有機化合物達到激發態,且藉由從該發光有機化合物之激發態返回基態所產生之能量而發光,從而出現發光。
決定有機EL裝置中發光效率的最重要因素係發光材料。發光材料必須具有高量子效率、高電子及電洞移動性,且所形成之發光材料層必須均勻且安定。依據所發光的顏色,發光材料係歸類為藍色、綠色及紅色發光材料,此外亦有黃色或橙色發光材料。此外,根據其功能,發光材料亦可歸類為主體材料及摻雜劑材料。近年來,對於提供高效率及長壽命之有機EL裝置之研發係緊要課題。特別地,慮及OLED之中等或大尺寸面板所需之EL特徵,亟需研發顯示優於傳統材料之特徵的材料。於固態作為溶劑而作動並轉移能量之主體材料,係需要具有高純度及適用於真空沉積之分子量。再者,主體材料係需要具有高玻璃轉化溫度及高熱降解溫度以達成熱安定性,具有高電化學安定性以達成長壽命,易於形成非晶形薄膜,具有與相鄰層之材料的良好黏著性,且並不遷移至其它層。
銥(III)錯合物業經作為磷光材料而廣為人知,包括分別作為紅色、綠色及藍色發光材料之
(acac)Ir(btp)2(bis(2-(2’-苯并噻吩基)-吡啶-N,C3’)銥(乙醯基丙酮))、Ir(ppy)3(tris(2-苯基吡啶)銥)及Firpic(bis(4,6-二氟苯基吡啶-N,C2)吡啶甲酸銥)。
發光材料可作為產物與摻雜劑之組合而使用,以改善色純度、發光效率、及安定性。當使用摻雜劑/主體材料系統作為發光材料時,由於主體材料對EL裝置之效率及壽命影響極大,故主體材料的選擇很重要。當下,4,4’-N,N’-二咔唑-聯苯(CBP)係最廣為人知之磷光材料。近年來,日本先鋒公司(Pioneer)等研發了高效有機EL裝置,其係使用作為電洞阻擋材料而為人所知之浴銅靈(bathocuproine,BCP)及雙(2-甲基-8-羥基喹啉)(4-苯基苯酚)鋁(III)(BAlq)等作為主體材料。
儘管此等材料提供良好之發光特徵,其仍具有下述缺陷:(1)由於其玻璃轉化溫度低且熱安定性差,他們可能在真空高溫沉積製程中出現降解。(2)有機EL裝置之功率效率係藉由計算[(π/電壓)×發光效率]而得,且功率效率係與電壓成反比。儘管包含磷光主體材料之有機EL裝置提供高於包含螢光材料者之發光效率(燭光(cd)/安培(A)),仍需顯著之高電壓。因此,於功率效率(流明(lm)/瓦(W))方面無優勢可言。(3)再者,有機EL裝置之操作壽命短,且發光效率仍需改善。
因此,為了將優異之特性併入有機EL裝置,構建該裝置中有機層之材料,尤其是構建發光材料之主體材料或摻雜劑材料,應適當選擇之。就此而言,第2013/
146942 A1號世界專利揭露了經伸芳基鏈結兩個咔唑的化合物作為主體材料。惟,上述專利中引述之包含該等化合物之有機EL裝置仍不具令人滿意的效率、壽命等。
就此而言,本發明人等業經努力尋找可提供比傳統主體材料傑出效率及長壽命的主體化合物,且業經發現,本揭露之化合物係提供具有高發光效率及長壽命之裝置。
本揭露之目標為,首先提供具有高發光效率之有機電場發光化合物,其次提供在發光層中包含該有機電場發光化合物之有機電場發光裝置,該裝置係具有改善之壽命。
本發明人等發現,上述目標可藉由下式1表示之有機電場發光化合物達成:
其中Ar1係表示經或未經取代之(C6-C30)芳基;L係表示經或未經取代之(C6-C30)伸芳基;R1係表示氫、氘、鹵素、氰基、經或未經取代之(C1-C30)
烷基、或經或未經取代之(C6-C30)芳基;a係表示0至4之整數;若a表示2或更大之整數,則每一R1可相同或不同。
本揭露之有機電場發光化合物可提供具有高效率及改善其壽命的有機電場發光裝置。
後文中,將詳細揭示本揭露。惟,下述說明書係欲以解釋本揭露,而非意欲以任何方式限制本揭露之範疇。
本揭露係關於式1表示之有機電場發光化合物、包含該有機電場發光化合物之有機電場發光材料、及包含該有機電場發光材料之有機電場發光裝置。
於式1中,較佳地,Ar1係表示經或未經取代之(C6-C15)芳基,L係表示經或未經取代之(C6-C15)伸芳基,R1係表示氫、經或未經取代之(C1-C10)烷基、或經或未經取代之(C6-C15)芳基。
於式1中,更佳地,Ar1係表示未經取代或經(C1-C10)烷基、鹵素、氰基、或氘取代之(C6-C15)芳基;L係表示未經取代之(C6-C15)伸芳基;R1係表示氫、或未經取代之(C6-C15)芳基。
本文中,「(C1-C30)烷基」係意指具有1個
至30個碳原子所建構的線性或分支鏈烷基,其中,碳原子之數目較佳係1個至20個,更佳係1個至10個,且係包括甲基、乙基、正丙基、異丙基、正丁基、異丁基、第三丁基等;「(C2-C30)烯基」係意指具有2個至30個碳原子所建構的線性或分支鏈烯基,其中,碳原子之數目較佳係2個至20個,更佳係2個至10個,且係包括乙烯基、1-丙烯基、2-丙烯基、1-丁烯基、2-丁烯基、3-丁烯基、2-甲基丁-2-烯基等;「(C2-C30)炔基」係意指具有2個至30個碳原子所建構的線性或分支鏈炔基,其中,碳原子之數目較佳係1個至20個,更佳係1個至10個,且係包括乙炔基、1-丙炔基、2-丙炔基、1-丁炔基、2-丁炔基、3-丁炔基、1-甲基戊-2-炔基等;「(C1-C30)烷氧基」係意指具有1個至30個碳原子所建構的線性或分支鏈烷氧基,其中,碳原子之數目較佳係2個至20個,更佳係2個至10個,且係包括甲氧基、乙氧基、丙氧基、異丙氧基、1-乙基丙氧基等;「(C3-C30)環烷基」係意指具有3個至30個環骨架碳原子的單環或多環烴,其中,碳原子之數目較佳係3個至20個,更佳係3個至7個,且係包括環丙基、環丁基、環戊基、環己基等;「5員之7員雜環烷基」係意指具有5個至7個環骨架碳原子的環烷基,該骨架係包含選自B、N、O、S、Si、及P,較佳選自O、S、及N之至少一個雜原子,且係包括吡咯啶、四氫噻喃、四氫吡喃等;「(C6-C30)(伸)芳基」係意指自具有6個至30環骨架碳原子之芳烴衍生的單環或稠環,其中,碳原子之數目較佳係6個至20個,
更佳係6個至15個,且係包括苯基、聯苯基、聯三苯基、萘基、茀基、菲基、蒽基、茚基、聯伸三苯基、芘基、稠四苯基、苝基、蒯基、稠四苯基、丙二烯合茀基等;「3員至30員(伸)雜芳基」係意指具有3個至30個環骨架原子、較佳3個至20個環骨架原子、且更佳3個至15個環骨架原子的芳基,該骨架包括至少一個、較佳1個至4個選自B、N、O、S、Si、及P所組成群組之雜原子;係單環,或與至少一個苯環縮合之稠環;可係部分飽和;可係藉由將至少一個雜芳基或芳基經單鍵鏈結至雜芳基所形成者;且係包括單環型雜芳基,包括呋喃基、噻吩基、吡咯基、咪唑基、吡唑基、噻唑基、噻二唑基、異噻唑基、異唑基、唑基、二唑基、三基、四基、三唑基、四唑基、呋呫基、吡啶基、吡基、嘧啶基、噠基等,以及稠環型雜芳基,包括苯并呋喃基、苯并噻吩基、異苯并呋喃基、二苯并呋喃基、二苯并噻吩基、苯并咪唑基、苯并噻唑基、苯并異噻唑基、苯并異唑基、苯并唑基、異吲哚基、吲哚基、吲唑基、苯并噻二唑基、喹啉基、異喹啉基、噌啉基、喹唑啉基、喹啉基、咔唑基、啡基、啡啶基、苯并二氧雜環戊基等。再者,「鹵素」係包括F、Cl、Br、及I。
本文中,「經或未經取代」之表述中的「經取代」係意指,某一官能基中之氫原子由另一原子或基團即取代基所替代。式中經取代之烷基、經取代之烯基、經取代之炔基、經取代之烷氧基、經取代之環烷基、經取代
之(伸)芳基、經取代之雜芳基、經取代之單環或多環、脂環或芳環的取代基係各自獨立為選自下列所組成群組之至少一者:氘;鹵素;氰基;羧基;硝基;羥基;(C1-C30)烷基;鹵(C1-C30)烷基;(C2-C30)烯基;(C2-C30)炔基;(C1-C30)烷氧基;(C1-C30)烷硫基;(C3-C30)環烷基;(C3-C30)環烯基;3員至7員雜環烷基;(C6-C30)芳氧基;(C6-C30)芳硫基;未經取代或經(C6-C30)芳基取代之3員至30員雜芳基;未經取代或經3員至30員雜芳基、氰基或(C1-C30)烷基取代之(C6-C30)芳基;三(C1-C30)烷基矽烷基;三(C6-C30)芳基矽烷基;二(C1-C30)烷基(C6-C30)芳基矽烷基;(C1-C30)烷基二(C6-C30)芳基矽烷基;胺基;單或二(C1-C30)烷基胺基;單或二(C6-C30)芳基胺基;(C1-C30)烷基(C6-C30)芳基胺基;(C1-C30)烷基羰基;(C1-C30)烷氧基羰基;(C6-C30)芳基羰基;二(C6-C30)芳基硼烷基;二(C1-C30)烷基硼烷基;(C1-C30)烷基(C6-C30)芳基硼烷基;(C6-C30)芳基(C1-C30)烷基;以及(C1-C30)烷基(C6-C30)芳基。
根據本揭露之有機電場發光化合物係包括下列化合物,但並不限於此:
根據本揭露之有機電場發光化合物可藉由熟識給技藝之人士所習知之方法製備,且可根據諸如下述反應式製備之:
反應式3
其中Ar1、L、R1、及a係如式1中定義;且Hal係表示鹵素。
本揭露復提供包含式1之有機電場發光化合物的有機電場發光材料,以及包含該有機電場發光材料之有機電場發光裝置。有機電場發光材料可由本揭露之有機電場發光化合物單獨組成,或除了包括本揭露之電場發光化合物之外,進一步包括通常用於有機電場發光材料之傳統材料。
本揭露之有機電場發光裝置可包含第一電極、第二電極、以及位於該第一電極與第二電極之間的至少一層有機層。該有機層可包含至少一種式1之化合物。
該第一電極與第二電極之一者可係陽極,而另一者可係陰極。該有機層可包含發光層,且可復包含至少一層選自電洞注入層、電洞傳輸層、電子傳輸層、電子注入層、中間層、阻擋層、電子緩衝層、及電子阻擋層之層。
本揭露之有機電場發光化合物可包含於該發光層中。當用於發光層中時,本揭露之有機電場發光化合物可作為主體材料而被包含於其中。
包含本揭露之有機電場發光化合物的有機電場發光裝置可復包含除式1化合物外的一種或多種化合物,且可復包含至少一種摻雜劑。
當本揭露之有機電場發光化合物係作為主體材料(第一主體材料)被包含於該發光層中時,該發光層可復包含另一化合物作為第二主體材料,其中,第一主體材料與第二主體材料之重量比可為1:99至99:1之範圍。
該第二主體材料可係任何習知之磷光主體材料,且於發光效率之觀點看來,較佳係選自下述式2之化合物所組成的群組
其中Ma係表示經或未經取代之5員至11員含氮之雜芳基;La係表示單鍵、或經或未經取代之(C6-C30)伸芳基;Xa至Xh係各自獨立表示氫、氘、鹵素、氰基、經或未經取代之(C1-C30)烷基、經或未經取代之(C2-C30)烯基、經或未經取代之(C2-C30)炔基、經或未經取代之(C3-C30)環烷基、經或未經取代之(C6-C60)芳基、經或未經取代之3員至30員雜芳基、經或未經取代之三(C1-C30)烷基矽烷基、經或未經取代之三(C6-C30)芳基矽烷基、經或未經取
代之二(C1-C30)烷基(C6-C30)芳基矽烷基、或經或未經取代之單或二(C6-C30)芳基胺基;或鏈結至彼此以形成經或未經取代之單環或多環之(C3-C30)脂環或芳環,該環之一個或多個碳原子可經選自氮、氧、及硫之至少一個雜原子替代;以及該雜芳基係含有選自B、N、O、S、Si、及P之至少一個雜原子。
詳而言,該第二主體材料較佳係包括下列:
該摻雜劑較佳係至少一種磷光摻雜劑。施用至根據本揭露之有機電場發光裝置的摻雜劑並無限制,但較佳可係選自銥(Ir)、鋨(Os)、銅(Cu)、及鉑(Pt)的金屬化錯合化合物,更佳係選自銥(Ir)、鋨(Os)、銅(Cu)、及鉑(Pt)的鄰位金屬化錯合化合物,且甚至更佳係鄰位金屬化之銥錯合化合物。
該磷光摻雜劑較佳係選擇下述式101至103表示之化合物。
其中,Lb係選自下列結構:
R100係表示氫、經或未經取代之(C1-C30)烷基、或經或未經取代之(C3-C30)環烷基;
R101至R109、及R111至R123係各自獨立表示氫、氘、鹵素、未經取代或經鹵素取代之(C1-C30)烷基、氰基、經或未經取代之(C1-C30)烷氧基、經或未經取代之(C6-C30)芳基、或經或未經取代之(C3-C30)環烷基;R106至R109之相鄰取代基可彼此鏈結以形成經或未經取代之稠環,如未經取代或經烷基取代之茀、未經取代或經烷基取代之二苯并噻吩、或未經取代或經烷基取代之二苯并呋喃;以及,R120至R123之相鄰取代基可彼此鏈結以形成經或未經取代之稠環,如未經取代或經烷基或芳基取代之喹啉;R124至R127係各自獨立表示氫、氘、鹵素、經或未經取代之(C1-C30)烷基、經或未經取代之(C6-C30)芳基;R124至R127之相鄰取代基可彼此鏈結以形成經或未經取代之稠環,如未經取代或經烷基取代之茀、未經取代或經烷基取代之二苯并噻吩、或未經取代或經烷基取代之二苯并呋喃;R201至R211係各自獨立表示氫、氘、鹵素、未經取代或經鹵素取代之(C1-C30)烷基、經或未經取代之(C3-C30)環烷基、或經或未經取代之(C6-C30)芳基;R2o8至R211之相鄰取代基可彼此鏈結以形成經或未經取代之稠環,如未經取代或經烷基取代之茀、未經取代或經烷基取代之二苯并噻吩、或未經取代或經烷基取代之二苯并呋喃;r與s係各自獨立表示1至3之整數;若r或s係2或更大之整數,則每一R100可係相同或不同;以及e係表示1至3之整數。
詳而言,該磷光摻雜劑材料係包括下列:
根據本揭露之其他方面,係提供用於製備有機電場發光裝置之材料。該材料係包含本揭露之化合物。
本揭露之有機電場發光裝置可包含第一電極、第二電極、及之於該第一電極與第二電極之間的至少一層有機層,其中,該有機層係包含發光層,以及,該發光層可包含用於本揭露之有機電場發光裝置的材料。
本揭露之有機電場發光裝置除了包含式1之化合物外,可復包含選自芳基胺系化合物與苯乙烯基芳基胺系化合物所組成群組之至少一種化合物。
於本揭露之有機電場發光裝置中,該有機層除了包含式1之化合物外,可復包含至少一種選自下列所組成群組之金屬化合物:元素週期表之第1族金屬、第2族金屬、第4週期至過渡金屬、第5週期至過渡金屬、鑭系元素化合物、及d-過渡元素之有機金屬,或包含該金屬之至少一種錯合化合物。該有機層可復包含一層或多層額外之發光層及電荷產生層。
此外,本揭露之有機電場發光裝置可藉由復包含至少一層發光層而發白光,該發光層除了包含本揭露之化合物外,亦包含該領域習知之藍色電場發光化合物、紅色電場發光或綠色電場發光化合物。若必要,其可復包含黃色發光層或橙色發光層。
於本揭露之有機電場發光裝置中,較佳可將至少一層選自硫屬化合物(chalcogenide)層、金屬鹵化物層及金屬氧化物層之層(後文稱為「表面層」)置於一個或
兩個電極之內表面上。詳而言,較佳係將矽或鋁之硫屬化合物(包括氧化物)層置於電場發光介質層之陽極表面上,並較佳將金屬鹵化物層或金屬氧化物層置於電場發光介質層之陰極表面上。此表面層係對該有機電場發光裝置提供操作安定性。較佳地,硫屬化合物係包括SiOx(1X2)、AlOx(1X1.5)、SiON、SiAlON等;金屬鹵化物係包括LiF、MgF2、CaF2、稀土金屬氟化物等;以及,金屬氧化物係包括Cs2O、Li2O、MgO、SrO、BaO、CaO等。
於本揭露之有機電場發光裝置中,可將電子傳輸化合物與還原性摻雜劑之混合區域或電洞傳輸化合物與氧化性摻雜劑之混合區域置於成對電極之至少一個表面上。於此例中,電子傳輸化合物係還原為陰離子,因此其變得更容易從該混合區域注入並傳輸電子至電場發光介質。再者,該電洞傳輸化合物係氧化為陽離子,因此其變得更容易從該混合區域注入並傳輸電洞至該電場發光介質。較佳地,該氧化性摻雜劑係包括多種路易士酸及受體(receptor)化合物,且該還原性摻雜劑係包括鹼金屬、鹼金屬化合物、鹼土金屬、稀土金屬、及其混合物。還原性摻雜劑層可用作電荷產生層,以置備具有兩層或更多層發光層並發射白光之電場發光裝置。
為了形成本揭露之有機電場發光裝置的每一層,可使用乾成膜方法如真空蒸發、濺鍍、電漿及離子鍍覆方法,或濕成膜方法如噴墨打印、噴嘴印刷、狹縫塗覆、浸塗、及流動塗覆方法。
當使用濕成膜法時,可藉由將形成每一層之材料溶解或擴散於適宜溶劑如乙醇、氯仿、四氫呋喃、二烷中而形成薄膜。該溶劑可係任何溶劑,只要形成每一層之材料可溶劑或擴散於其中且於成膜能力中沒有問題即可。
後文中,將參照下述實施例詳細解釋本揭露之化合物、該化合物之製備方法、以及該裝置之發光特性。
實施例1:化合物H-1之製備
化合物1-1之製備
將(9-苯基-9H-咔唑-3-基)硼酸30公克(g)(104.49毫莫耳(mmol))、1-溴-4-碘苯30g(104.49mmol)、肆(三苯基膦)鈀(Pd(PPh3)4)3.6g(3.13mmol)、碳酸鈉28g(261.23mmol)、甲苯520毫升(mL)及乙醇130mL引入反應容器中後,將蒸餾水
130mL加入其中,該混合物隨後於120℃回流下攪拌4小時。反應完全後,以蒸餾水洗滌該混合物,並以乙酸乙酯(EA)萃取。所得有機層以硫酸鎂乾燥,使用旋轉蒸發器自其移除溶劑,剩餘產物藉由管柱色層分析術純化以獲得化合物1-1 27g(65%)。
化合物1-2之製備
將咔唑20g(120mmol)、2-溴萘30g(143mmol)、碘化亞銅(CuI)11.7g(59.81mmol)、乙二胺(EDA)8mL(120mmol)、NaOt-Bu 64g(299mmol)及甲苯600mL引入反應容器中後,該混合物隨後於120℃回流下攪拌8小時。反應完全後,該混合物以蒸餾水洗滌,並以乙酸乙酯(EA)萃取。所得有機層以硫酸鎂乾燥,使用旋轉蒸發器自其移除溶劑,剩餘產物藉由管柱色層分析術純化以獲得化合物1-2 13g(37%)。
化合物1-3之製備
於反應容器中,將化合物1-2 13g(44mmol)溶解於二甲基甲醯胺(DMF)中,將N-溴琥珀醯胺(NBS)溶解於二甲基甲醯胺中並引入該反應混合物中。於室溫攪拌該混合物4小時後,以蒸餾水洗滌該混合物,並以乙酸乙酯(EA)萃取。所得有機層以硫酸鎂乾燥,使用旋轉蒸發器自其移除溶劑,剩餘產物藉由管柱色層分析術純化,以獲得化合物1-3 14g(83%)。
化合物1-4之製備
將化合物1-3 14g(36mmol)、雙(頻哪醇基)二硼11g(44
mmol)、二氯化雙(三苯基膦)鈀(II)(PdCl2(PPh3)2)1.3g(2mmol)、醋酸鉀(KOAc)9g(91mmol)及1,4-二烷180mL引入反應容器中後,該混合物隨後於140℃回流下攪拌2小時。反應完全後,該混合物以蒸餾水洗滌,並以乙酸乙酯(EA)萃取。所得有機層以硫酸鎂乾燥,使用旋轉蒸發器自其移除溶劑,剩餘產物藉由管柱色層分析術純化以獲得化合物1-4 8g(52%)。
化合物H-1之製備
將化合物1-1 7g(17mmol)、化合物1-4 8g(19mmol)、肆(三苯基膦)鈀(Pd(PPh3)4)0.6g(0.5mmol)、碳酸鈉4.5g(43mmol)、甲苯100mL及乙醇25mL引入反應溶劑後,將蒸餾水25mL加入其中,該混合物隨後於120℃回流下攪拌4小時。反應完全後,該混合物以蒸餾水洗滌,並以乙酸乙酯(EA)萃取。所得有機層以硫酸鎂乾燥,使用旋轉蒸發器自其移除溶劑,剩餘產物藉由管柱色層分析術純化以獲得化合物H-1 4g(37%)。
實施例2:化合物H-2之製備
化合物2-1之製備
將3-(4,4,5,5-四甲基-1,3,2-二氧雜環硼戊烷-2-基)-9H-咔唑30g(102.3mmol)、1-溴-4-碘苯13.2g(46.5mmol)、肆(三苯基膦)鈀(Pd(PPh3)4)2.7g(2.3mmol)、K2CO3 32.1g(232mmol)、甲苯300mL、EtOH 100mL及H2O 100mL引入燒瓶中後,攪拌該混合物。於回流下攪拌6小時後,將該混合物冷卻至室溫,並以EA及蒸餾水萃取。所得有機層於減壓下蒸餾,剩餘產物藉由管柱色層分析術純化以獲得化合物2-1 18g(91%)。
化合物H-2之製備
將化合物2-1 18g(44.1mmol)、2-溴萘27.4g(132.2mmol)、醋酸鈀(II)(Pd(OAc)2)1.0g(4.4mmol)、50%三-第三丁基膦(P(t-Bu)3)4.3mL(8.8mmol)、NaOt-Bu 21g(220.3mmol)及甲苯600mL引入燒瓶中後,該混合物隨後於回流下攪拌3小時。將該混合物冷卻至室溫,並以EA及蒸餾水萃取。所得有機層於減壓下蒸餾,剩餘產物藉由管柱色層分析術純化以獲得化合物H-2 5.8g(20%)。
實施例3:化合物H-16之製備
化合物3-1之製備
將(9-苯基-9H-咔唑-2-基)硼酸13.5g(46.9mmol)、1-溴-4-碘苯26.5g(93.8mmol)、肆(三苯基膦)鈀(Pd(PPh3)4)2.7g(2.35mmol)、碳酸鉀(K2CO3)16.2g(117.3mmol)、甲苯180mL、EtOH 30mL及H2O 60mL引入燒瓶中後,該混合物於120℃回流5小時。反應完全後,該混合物於減壓下與二氯甲烷(MC)一起過濾,並藉由管柱色層分析術純化。藉由引入甲醇而產生之固體係於減壓下過濾,以獲得化合物3-1 14.0g(75%)。
化合物3-2之製備
將化合物3-1 14.0g(35.2mmol)、3-(4,4,5,5-四甲基-1,3,2-二氧雜環硼戊烷-2-基)-9H-咔唑9.4g(31.9mmol)、肆(三苯基膦)鈀(Pd(PPh3)4)1.84g(1.6mmol)、碳酸鉀(K2CO3)11g(79.8mmol)、甲苯120mL、EtOH 20mL及H2O 40mL引入燒瓶中後,該混合物隨後於120℃回流4小時。反應完全後,該混合物與二氯甲烷(MC)一起於減壓下過濾,並藉由管柱色層分析術純化。藉由引入甲醇而產生之固體係於減壓下
過濾,以獲得化合物3-2 9.2g(60%)。
化合物H-16之製備
將化合物3-2 9.14g(18.9mmol)、2-碘萘5.9g(28.3mmol)、CuI 1.8g(9.43mmol)、乙二胺(EDA)1.27mL(18.86mmol)、K3PO4 10.0g(47.2mmol)及鄰二甲苯95mL引入燒瓶中後,該混合物於150℃回流5小時。反應完全後,該混合物於減壓下與二氯甲烷(MC)一起過濾,並藉由管柱色層分析術純化。藉由引入甲醇而產生之固體係於減壓下過濾,以獲得化合物H-16 10.5g(91%)。
實施例4:化合物H-61之製備
化合物4-1之製備
將3-(4,4,5,5-四甲基-1,3,2-二氧雜環硼戊烷-2-基)-9H-咔唑30g(102.30mmol)、1,3-二溴苯6.4mL(51.20mmol)、肆(三苯基膦)鈀(Pd(PPh3)4)7.10g(6.14mmol)、碳酸鉀(K2CO3)70.7g(511.50mmol)、甲苯512mL、EtOH 128mL及H2O 128mL引入燒瓶中,該混合物隨後於120℃回流2天。反應完全後,所得有機層係以乙酸乙酯萃取並濃縮,剩餘產物係以MeOH洗滌以獲得化合物4-1 15.2g(73%)。
化合物H-61之製備
將化合物4-1 21g(51.20mmol)、2-溴萘27g(127.9mmol)、參(二亞苄基丙酮)二鈀(Pd2(dba)3)2.4g(2.56mmol)、P(t-Bu)32.5mL(5.12mmol)及NaOt-Bu 15g(153.6mmol)溶解於甲苯256mL中後,該混合物隨後回流5小時。反應完全後,剩餘產物藉由管柱色層分析術純化,以獲得化合物H-61 8.7g(26%)。
裝置實施例1:使用本揭露之有機電場發光化合物製備OLED裝置
使用根據本揭露之有機電場發光化合物製造OLED裝置。以丙酮、乙醇及蒸裝置之玻璃基板上透明電極氧化銦錫(ITO)薄膜(10歐姆(Ω)/平方單位(sq))(Geomatec),隨後存儲於異丙醇中。隨後將該ITO基板安裝於真空氣相沉積設備之基板夾持器上。化合物HI-1係引入該真空氣相沉積設備之一小室中,隨後將所述設備該腔室控制為10-6托(torr)。之後,施加電流至該小室以增發上述引入至材料,從而於該ITO基板上形成厚度為80奈米(nm)之第一電洞注入層。接著,化合物HI-2係引入所述真空氣相沉積設備之另一小室,藉由施加電流至該小室而蒸發,從而於該第一電洞注入層上形成厚度為5nm之第二電洞注入層。化合物HT-1係隨後引入所述真空氣相沉積設備之另一小室,藉由
施加電流至該小室而蒸發,從而於該第二電洞注入層上形成厚度為10nm之第一電洞傳輸層。隨後將化合物HT-3引入所述真空氣相沉積設備之另一小室,藉由施加電流至該小室而蒸發,從而於該第一電洞傳輸層上形成厚度為60nm之第二電洞傳輸層。形成該電洞注入層及電洞傳輸層之後,如下述者於其上形成發光層:將化合物H-1作為第一主體引入所述真空氣相沉積設備之一個小室內,將化合物H2-41作為第二主體引入另一小室,並將化合物D-96作為摻雜劑引入另一小室。以相同速率且分別以50wt%之量蒸發兩種主體材料,同時以不同於該等主體材料之速率蒸發該摻雜劑,故,以主體與摻雜劑之總量為基準計,該摻雜劑係以3wt%之摻雜量共蒸發,並於該第二電洞傳輸層上形成厚度為40nm之發光層。隨後,將化合物ET-1及EI-1分別引入該真空氣相沉積設備之兩個小室中,以1:1速率蒸發以於該發光層上形成厚度為30nm之電子傳輸層。於該電子傳輸層上沉積厚度為2nm之化合物EI-1作為電子注入層之後,藉由另一真空氣相沉積設備沉積厚度為80nm之鋁(Al)陰極。因此,製造OLED裝置。
所製造之OLED裝置顯現亮度為7,000cd/平方公尺(m2)之紅色發光,且於5.1伏特(V)之發光效率為27.2cd/A。5,000尼特(nit)之亮度降低至97%之最短時間為98小時。
裝置實施例2:使用本揭露之有機電場發光化合物製備OLED裝置
以裝置實施例1中相同之方式製造OLED裝置,但使用化合物HT-2替代化合物HT-3作為第二電洞傳輸層,並藉由在沉積之前於一個小室中混合化合物H-1與化合物H2-41而沉積,而並非將他們分別引入不同小室中共蒸發。
所製造之OLED裝置係顯現亮度為7,000cd/m2之紅色發光,於5.4V之發光效率為25.8cd/A。5,000nit之亮度降低至97%之最短時間為113小時。
裝置實施例3:使用本揭露之有機電場發光化合物製備OLED裝置
以與裝置實施例1中相同之方式製造OLED裝置,但使用化合物H-2作為該發光材料之第一主體。
所製造之OLED裝置係顯現亮度為7,000cd/m2之紅色發光,且於5.0V之發光效率為27.4cd/A。5,000nit之亮度降低至97%之最短時間為76小時。
裝置實施例4:使用本揭露之有機電場發光化合物製備OLED裝置
以與裝置實施例1中相同之方式製造OLED裝置,但使用化合物H-61作為該發光材料之第一主體。
所製造之OLED裝置係顯現亮度為7,000cd/m2之紅色發光,且於5.0V之發光效率為26.5cd/A。5,000nit之亮度降低至97%之最短時間為41小時。
裝置實施例5:使用本揭露之有機電場發光
化合物製備OLED裝置
以與裝置實施例1中相同之方式製造OLED裝置,但使用化合物H-16作為該發光材料之第一主體。
所製造之OLED裝置係顯現亮度為7,000cd/m2之紅色發光,且於5.1V之發光效率為24.7cd/A。5,000nit之亮度降低至97%之最短時間為101小時。
比較性實施例1:使用傳統有機電場發光化合物製備OLED裝置
以與裝置實施例1中相同之方式製造OLED裝置,但使用下述化合物X作為該發光材料之第一主體。
所製造之OLED裝置係顯現亮度為7,000cd/m2之紅色發光,且於5.4V之發光效率為26.8cd/A。5,000nit之亮度降低至97%之最短時間為10小時。
比較性實施例2:使用傳統有機電場發光化合物製備OLED裝置
以與裝置實施例1中相同之方式製造OLED裝置,但使用下述合物HT-2替代HT-3作為第二電洞傳輸層,使用下述化合物Y作為該發光材料之第一主體,並使用化合物H2-48替代化合物H2-41作為該發光材料之第二主體。
所製造之OLED裝置係顯現亮度為7,000cd/m2之紅色
發光,且於5.4V之發光效率為22.4cd/A。5,000nit之亮度降低至97%之最短時間為33小時。
根據本揭露之有機電場發光化合物係顯示改善驅動壽命之優點,同時具有等於或大於傳統裝置之效率。特別地,根據本揭露之有機電場發光化合物具有長壽命並保持高發光效率,從而於近年來需要超過解析度(UHD)之趨勢方面具有優勢特徵。
Claims (5)
- 一種有機電場發光化合物,係由下式1表示:
- 如申請專利範圍第1項所述之有機電場發光化合物,其中,Ar1係表示經或未經取代之(C6-C15)芳基;L係表示伸苯基;R1係表示氫、經或未經取代之(C1-C10)烷基、或經或未經取代之(C6-C15)芳基。
- 如申請專利範圍第1項所述之有機電場發光化合物,其中,Ar1係表示未經取代或經(C1-C10)烷基、鹵素、氰基或氘取代之(C6-C15)芳基;L係表示伸苯基;R1係表示氫、或未經取代之(C6-C15)芳基。
- 如申請專利範圍第1項所述之有機電場發光化合物,其中,式1表示之化合物係選自下列所組成之群組:
- 一種有機電場發光裝置,係包含如申請專利範圍第1項所述之化合物。
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KR20160047999A (ko) | 2016-05-03 |
EP3209643A1 (en) | 2017-08-30 |
JP6788581B2 (ja) | 2020-11-25 |
CN106795112A (zh) | 2017-05-31 |
CN106795112B (zh) | 2024-03-12 |
US10633583B2 (en) | 2020-04-28 |
KR102530113B1 (ko) | 2023-05-10 |
WO2016064227A1 (en) | 2016-04-28 |
US20170305854A1 (en) | 2017-10-26 |
EP3209643B1 (en) | 2022-04-06 |
TW201623287A (zh) | 2016-07-01 |
JP2017533193A (ja) | 2017-11-09 |
EP3209643A4 (en) | 2018-07-04 |
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