TWI558416B - A core-corona type microgel emulsifier and a water-based emulsified composition - Google Patents
A core-corona type microgel emulsifier and a water-based emulsified composition Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- TWI558416B TWI558416B TW101138874A TW101138874A TWI558416B TW I558416 B TWI558416 B TW I558416B TW 101138874 A TW101138874 A TW 101138874A TW 101138874 A TW101138874 A TW 101138874A TW I558416 B TWI558416 B TW I558416B
- Authority
- TW
- Taiwan
- Prior art keywords
- oil
- water
- alkyl group
- carbon atoms
- microgel
- Prior art date
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- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title claims description 112
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 80
- 239000003995 emulsifying agent Substances 0.000 title claims description 62
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 claims description 78
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 claims description 61
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 56
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 claims description 55
- 230000002209 hydrophobic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 39
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 38
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims description 34
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 34
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- 239000002304 perfume Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methacrylic acid Chemical class CC(=C)C(O)=O CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
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- ZEMPKEQAKRGZGQ-XOQCFJPHSA-N glycerol triricinoleate Natural products CCCCCC[C@@H](O)CC=CCCCCCCCC(=O)OC[C@@H](COC(=O)CCCCCCCC=CC[C@@H](O)CCCCCC)OC(=O)CCCCCCCC=CC[C@H](O)CCCCCC ZEMPKEQAKRGZGQ-XOQCFJPHSA-N 0.000 description 13
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- VBICKXHEKHSIBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-monostearoylglycerol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OCC(O)CO VBICKXHEKHSIBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
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- 150000003648 triterpenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
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Description
本發明係關於一種冠狀核型微凝膠乳化劑及利用該乳化劑乳化而成之水中油型乳化組成物。更詳細而言,係關於一種可製造乳化穩定性及使用感優異之水中油型乳化組成物的新穎之乳化劑及該水中油型乳化組成物。
為了使某液體穩定地分散於其他液體中,通常必需添加界面活性化物質(乳化劑)。乳化劑具有兩親媒性之分子結構,由極性(親水性)與非極性(疏水性)分子部分構成且該等有空間地相互分離。
化妝品等所使用之水中油型乳液中,藉由所添加之界面活性劑之乳化作用,使水性成分與油性成分穩定地混合。即,一般認為,油相之微小分散液滴由乳化劑之殼包圍,外相成為水相之連續相,故而賦予水潤觸感之使用感優異。
另一方面,近年來隨著更重視安全性之消費者增加,極過敏之使用者對不含可能會偶爾感受到刺激的界面活性劑、或製成不造成此種刺激程度之含量的水中油型乳液之要求日益提高。
關於藉由不使用界面活性劑、且使粉末吸附於界面而製備之乳液,先前已知有皮克林乳液(Pickering emulsion)。
九十年代初期,皮克林(Pickering)製備有僅藉由添加各種膠態固體例如鹼性硫酸銅、鹼性硫酸鐵或硫酸之金屬
鹽而使其穩定化之石蠟(paraffin)/水乳液。因此,將該類型之乳液稱為皮克林乳液。關於本類型之乳液之穩定性,皮克林揭示有如下條件。(1)僅於固體粒子明顯小於內部相液滴、且無形成凝聚塊之傾向時,固體粒子成為適於穩定化者。(2)乳液穩定化膠態固體之重要特性亦在於其濕潤性。而膠態固體例如亦並非於水中較油相更容易被濕潤化以使O/W(Oil in Water,水中油)乳液穩定化者。
皮克林乳液之原形係於當初工業製程之各種場景例如石油之二次回收、源自瀝青砂(tar sand)之瀝青(bitumen)萃取、以及包含兩種非混合性液體及微小分散固體粒子之其他分離步驟中,進行不需要之表面化而成為次要影響。因此,相應之系統例如油/水/煙灰(soot)或油/水/板岩(slate)粉塵系統之調査為當初研究活動之焦點。
皮克林乳液可於各種天然及工業步驟例如原油回收、油分離、化妝品、及廢水處理中觀察到。
關於皮克林乳液之製備,迄今為止報告有大量研究成果(例如非專利文獻1),且於香料化妝品(perfumery and cosmetics)之領域中亦提出其實際應用(參照專利文獻1~3)。
然而,製備將乳液應用於香料化妝品時所必需之可滿足針對各種環境下溫度或攪拌之穩定性的水中油型皮克林乳液非常困難。例如於如上所述之水中油型皮克林乳液時,通常粉體吸附於界面,使乳化粒子穩定地分散於乳液中,但若於輸送時等攪拌乳液,則乳化粒子彼此產生衝突
且暫時地變形,而顯現出未吸附有粉體之界面。此時,有呈顯露狀態之界面彼此合一而產生凝聚之情形。因此認為:於乳化穩定性之方面,先前之水中油型皮克林乳液難以作為化妝品等製品而充分經得起使用。
因此,近年來,報告指出藉由組合使用特定之陽離子性界面活性劑、多元醇及粉末,可使包含腦醯胺等兩親媒性脂質之油相乳化而獲得穩定之水中油型乳化組成物(參照專利文獻4)。
然而,於專利文獻4中,兩親媒性物質成為必需,且與界面活性劑形成液晶構造(α凝膠),藉此圖得系統之穩定,但於使用時有發黏之傾向。為了獲得皮克林乳液,迄今為止雖報告有對微量地調配兩親媒性物質之技術(例如非專利文獻2),但難以獲得作為香料化妝品而滿足充分之穩定性者,且亦會產生由兩親媒性物質引起之製劑之黏膩感等新的使用觸感上之問題。
又,於專利文獻5中,報告有藉由調配特定量之粉末、油相成分、水相成分、包含雙鏈之烷基之陽離子性界面活性劑,可獲得具有優異之乳化穩定性、無黏膩感、低刺激性之水中油型乳液。又,於專利文獻5記載之發明中,亦發現於水中油型乳液之製造時,將對於粉末之陽離子性界面活性劑處理加入乳化組成物之製造步驟中,藉此可簡便地獲得上述水中油型乳化組成物。
然而,於該等皮克林乳液中,由於用作乳化劑之粉末主要為無機粉體(專利文獻1:聚烷基矽倍半氧烷
(polyalkylsilsesquioxane)粒子,專利文獻2:金屬氧化物,專利文獻3:二氧化矽、二氧化鈦、氧化鋅,專利文獻4:無機粉體等,專利文獻5:疏水化處理之微粒子二氧化鈦、氧化鐵紅、氧化鐵黃、氧化鐵黑、及氧化鋁),且與界面活性劑相比該等粉體之乳化能還是較差,故而與先前之界面活性劑相比,必需進行高濃度之調配。
其結果,無法避免源自粉末之粗糙感或粉末感、塗抹後之發白程度等,且大部分為使用觸感較差者。
於專利文獻6中,報告有使用球狀有機粒子作為乳化劑之皮克林乳液,但必需與彈性體性有機聚矽氧烷一同調配十幾%以上,且並未達到減少粉末感之目的。
於專利文獻7中,報告有藉由使用疏水蛋白(hydrophobin)作為乳化劑,可獲得疏水性單體之乳濁液(皮克林乳液)。於非專利文獻3中,報告有藉由使用類黃酮作為乳化劑而可獲得皮克林乳液。然而,由於疏水蛋白之類的蛋白質或類黃酮之使用有過敏等之虞,故而其課題大多於作為皮膚外用劑之用途。
另一方面,於專利文獻8及非專利文獻4中報告有冠狀核型微凝膠之製造方法。又,於專利文獻9中,揭示有關於調配有冠狀核型微凝膠之化妝料之發明。然而,於專利文獻9中,提出有將冠狀核型微凝膠製成用以提供白濁化妝料之白濁劑。實施例大部分亦為乳液或化妝水之水系基劑之化妝料,未將冠狀核型微凝膠用作乳化劑,冠狀核型微凝膠之作為用以製造水中油型乳化組成物的乳化劑之
用途較為新穎。並且,於本發明中,發現冠狀核型微凝膠係作為乳化劑而發揮作用,使用該乳化劑而獲得之穩定性及使用感優異的水中油型乳化組成物係新穎之發明。
[專利文獻1]日本專利第2656226號公報
[專利文獻2]日本特表2001-518111號公報
[專利文獻3]日本特開2007-332037號公報
[專利文獻4]日本特開2006-36763號公報
[專利文獻5]日本特開2008-291026號公報
[專利文獻6]日本特開平11-158030號公報
[專利文獻7]日本特表2009-501256號公報
[專利文獻8]日本特開2006-161026號公報
[專利文獻9]日本專利第4577721號公報
[非專利文獻1]B. Binks et. al, Advances in Colloid and Interface Science, 100 - 102 (2003).
[非專利文獻2]Mukul M, Sharma et. al, Journal of Colloid and Interface Science, 157, 244 - 253 (1993).
[非專利文獻3]J. Agric. Food Chem., 59, 2636-2645 (2011).
[非專利文獻4]J. Colloid Interface Sci., 274, 49 (2004).
本發明係鑒於上述情況而成者,其目的在於開發一種新穎之乳化劑,並提供一種乳化穩定性優異、皮膚刺激性低、水潤感優異、進而源自粉末之粗糙感或粉末感少之水中油型乳化組成物。
即,本發明提供一種冠狀核型微凝膠乳化劑,係於下述(A)及(B)之條件下使下述式(1)之聚環氧乙烷巨分子單體、下述式(2)之疏水性單體及下述式(3)之交聯性單體進行聚合而獲得;(A)以上述聚環氧乙烷巨分子單體之添加莫耳量/上述疏水性單體之添加莫耳量表示之莫耳比為1:10~1:250;(B)相對於上述疏水性單體之添加量,上述交聯性單體之添加量為0.1~1.5質量%;
R1表示碳原子數1~3之烷基,n為8~200之數;X表示H或CH3;
R2表示碳原子數1~3之烷基,R3表示碳原子數1~12之烷基;
R4與R5分別獨立表示碳原子數1~3之烷基,m為0~2之數。
又,本發明提供一種如上述之冠狀核型微凝膠乳化劑,其進而附加下述(C)、(D)之條件,使下述式(1)之聚環氧乙烷巨分子單體、下述式(2)之疏水性單體及下述式(3)之交聯性單體於水-乙醇混合溶劑中進行自由基聚合而獲得;(C)下述式(2)之疏水性單體係混合具有碳原子數1~8之烷基的甲基丙烯酸衍生物之一種或兩種以上而成之單體組成;(D)以20℃之容積比計,水-乙醇混合溶劑為水:乙醇=90~30:10~70;
R1表示碳原子數1~3之烷基,n為8~200之數;
X表示H或CH3;
R2表示碳原子數1~3之烷基,R3表示碳原子數1~12之烷基;
R4與R5分別獨立表示碳原子數1~3之烷基,m為0~2之數。
進而,本發明提供一種水中油型乳化組成物,其含有如上述之(a)冠狀核型微凝膠乳化劑、(b)油相成分及(c)水相成分。
又,本發明提供一種水中油型乳化組成物,其含有香料作為(b)油相成分。
根據本發明,可簡便地獲得乳化性、乳化穩定性、使用感優異之冠狀核型微凝膠乳化劑及水中油型乳化組成
物。
(1)本發明之冠狀核型微凝膠乳化劑及使用該乳化劑而成的水中油型乳化組成物之乳化性極優異。即便冠狀核型微凝膠乳化劑之調配量較少,亦可獲得良好之水中油型乳化組成物。又,即便油相成分/水相成分之比率較高(即便油相成分之量較多),亦可獲得良好之水中油型乳化組成物。
(2)本發明之冠狀核型微凝膠乳化劑及使用該乳化劑而成的水中油型乳化組成物之乳化穩定性優異。由於不會如先前之皮克林乳液般因攪拌或振動等而有損乳化狀態,且如藉由先前之界面活性劑獲得之乳化物般由溫度引起的界面活性劑之物性變化較少,故而溫度穩定性亦良好。
(3)使用本發明之冠狀核型微凝膠乳化劑而成的水中油型乳化組成物之使用感優異。可於先前之皮克林乳液中觀察到的源自粉末之粗糙感或粉末感較少,又,並無可於藉由先前之界面活性劑獲得之乳化物中觀察到的源自界面活性劑之黏膩感,且水潤感優異。又,本發明之水中油型乳化組成物亦抑制皮膚刺激性。進而,可提供一種於調配香料作為油相成分時,香味之持續性優異之水中油型乳化組成物。
以下,對本發明之實施形態進行說明。
「(a)關於構成本發明之冠狀核型微凝膠乳化劑之共聚物」
本發明之冠狀核型微凝膠乳化劑係由使式(1)~(3)所示之單體進行聚合而獲得的共聚物所構成之微凝膠。由該共聚物所構成之微凝膠之製造方法係報告於上述專利文獻8及非專利文獻4中。
式(1)之聚環氧乙烷巨分子單體例如可使用由Aldrich公司出售之試劑、或由日油發售之Blemmer(註冊商標)等市售品。
本發明所使用之式(1)之聚環氧乙烷部分的分子量(即n之值)在n=8~200之範圍。較佳為例如日油製造之Blemmer(註冊商標)PME400、Blemmer(註冊商標)PME1000或Blemmer(註冊商標)PME4000等市售品。
R1表示碳原子數1~3之烷基,n為8~200之數。
X表示H或CH3。
式(2)之疏水性單體例如可使用由Aldrich公司或東京化成公司出售之試劑。式(2)之R3之烷基鏈進而較佳為碳原子數1~8之烷基。
R2表示碳原子數1~3之烷基,R3表示碳原子數1~12之烷基。
具體而言,式(2)為丙烯酸甲酯、丙烯酸乙酯、丙烯酸丙酯、丙烯酸丁酯、丙烯酸戊酯、丙烯酸己酯、丙烯酸庚酯、丙烯酸辛酯、丙烯酸癸酯、丙烯酸十二酯、甲基丙烯酸甲酯、甲基丙烯酸乙酯、甲基丙烯酸丙酯、甲基丙烯酸丁酯、甲基丙烯酸戊酯、甲基丙烯酸己酯、甲基丙烯酸庚酯、甲基丙烯酸辛酯、甲基丙烯酸癸酯、甲基丙烯酸十二酯等。尤佳為甲基丙烯酸甲酯、甲基丙烯酸丁酯、甲基丙烯酸辛酯。
該等疏水性單體係通用原料,亦可以一般工業原料而容易地獲取。
式(3)之交聯性單體可以市售之試劑或工業用原料而獲取。該交聯性單體較佳為疏水性。
式(3)之m之值較佳為0~2。具體而言,較佳為由Aldrich公司發售之乙二醇二甲基丙烯酸酯(以下,有簡稱為EGDMA(ethylene glycol dimethacrylate)之情形)、日油製造之Blemmer(註冊商標)PDE-50等。
R4與R5分別獨立表示碳原子數1~3之烷基,m為0~2之數。
構成本發明所使用之冠狀核型微凝膠的共聚物係藉由任意之聚合法,根據以下之(A)及(B)之條件使上述單體進行共聚合者。
(A)以上述聚環氧乙烷巨分子單體之添加莫耳量/上述疏水性單體之添加莫耳量表示之莫耳比為1:10~1:250。
(B)相對於上述疏水性單體之添加量,上述交聯性單體之添加量為0.1~1.5質量%。
再者,於本發明中,將「相對於上述疏水性單體之添加量的上述交聯性單體之添加量」定義為交聯密度(質量%)。本發明所使用之共聚物(微凝膠)之交聯密度,根據(B)之條件,上述交聯性單體之添加量相對於上述疏水性單體之添加量必需為0.1~1.5質量%。
於本發明中,較佳為除上述(A)及(B)之條件以外,進而追加下述(C)及(D)之條件而使式(1)~(3)的單體於水-乙醇混合溶劑中進行自由基聚合而獲得之共聚物(微凝膠)。
(C)式(2)之疏水性單體係混合具有碳原子數1~8
之烷基的甲基丙烯酸衍生物之一種或兩種以上而成之單體組成。
(D)以20℃之容積比計,水-乙醇混合溶劑為水:乙醇=90~30:10~70。
(A)條件之聚環氧乙烷巨分子單體與疏水性單體的添加莫耳量於聚環氧乙烷巨分子單體:疏水性單體=1:10~1:250(莫耳比)之範圍內,可使冠狀核型微凝膠聚合。
若聚環氧乙烷巨分子單體之添加量以莫耳比計低於疏水性單體之10分之1,則進行聚合之聚合物呈水溶性,不會形成冠狀核型微凝膠。又,若相對於聚環氧乙烷巨分子單體之莫耳量,疏水性單體成為250倍以上,則由聚環氧乙烷巨分子單體引起之分散穩定化變得不完全,由不溶性之疏水性單體形成之疏水性聚合物會產生凝聚、沈澱。聚環氧乙烷巨分子單體與疏水性單體之添加莫耳比較佳為1:10~1:200之範圍。進而較佳為1:25至1:100之範圍。
根據(B)之條件,藉由使交聯性單體進行共聚合,可使核心部分之疏水性聚合物經交聯而成之微凝膠進行聚合。
若交聯性單體之添加量未達疏水性單體的添加量之0.1質量%,則交聯密度較低,該微凝膠會於膨潤時崩解。又,若超過1.5質量%,則產生微凝膠粒子彼此之凝聚,而無法使粒度分佈較窄之較佳之微凝膠粒子進行聚合。較佳之交聯性單體之添加量為0.2~1.0,進而較佳為0.2~0.8,最佳
為0.2~0.5質量%。
於本發明中,(C)之條件之式(2)的疏水性單體較佳為混合具有碳原子數1~8之烷基之甲基丙烯酸衍生物的一種或兩種以上而成之單體組成。若碳原子數為0(無末端酯鍵之單體之情形時),則有單體過於親水性而無法順利地進行乳化聚合之情形。另一方面,若碳原子數為9以上,則有成為聚合時之位阻,而無法順利構築交聯結構之情形。
關於(D)之條件,聚合溶劑之水/乙醇之混合比中,水-乙醇混合溶劑為水:乙醇=90~30:10~70(20℃之容積比)。
為了均勻地溶解疏水性單體,聚合溶劑較佳為添加乙醇。乙醇之混合比為10~70容量比。當乙醇之混合比低於10容量比時,難以使疏水性單體溶化,且進行聚合之微凝膠粒子之粒度分佈變得較廣。又,若乙醇之混合比超過70容量比,則進行聚合之聚合物會溶解於聚合溶劑而無法獲得微凝膠粒子。
進而較佳之水/乙醇之混合比中,水-乙醇混合溶劑為水:乙醇=90~60:10~40(20℃之容積比)。尤佳為水:乙醇=80~70:20~30(20℃之容積比)。
該聚合系所用之聚合起始劑可使用通常之水溶性熱自由基聚合所使用的市售聚合起始劑。於該聚合系中,即便未特別嚴密地控制攪拌條件而進行聚合,亦可獲得進行聚合之微凝膠粒子之粒度分佈非常窄者。
再者,由先前之合成高分子形成之微凝膠均係應用高
分子電解質例如聚丙烯酸者,其於水中之分散性方面為不具有耐酸性或耐鹼性。然而,於考慮到用作醫藥品或化妝品之調配成分時,在生理性條件下之適應方面,耐酸性或耐鹼性係非常重要之性能。本發明之上述微凝膠係藉由非離子性高分子之聚環氧乙烷鏈來實現穩定化之微凝膠,其於水中之分散穩定性方面可期待耐酸性或耐鹼性。
又,已知有以應用包含水溶性高分子結構之巨分子單體的巨分子單體法之高分子微粒子聚合法,但未知應用該方法由交聯性單體使核心部分進行交聯來製造微凝膠之方法。
一般認為本發明所使用之微凝膠中,如圖1所示,親水性巨分子單體與疏水性單體於溶劑中產生秩序化,而生成粒徑大致一定、且核心部分經交聯之冠狀核型高分子微凝膠。
並且,一般認為,該冠狀核型微凝膠係作為優異之皮克林乳液乳化劑而發揮作用者。
以上為本發明之冠狀核型微凝膠乳化劑所使用的共聚物之說明。先前,未將冠狀核型微凝膠用作乳化劑,本發明係冠狀核型微凝膠作為乳化劑之用途發明。
本發明之冠狀核型微凝膠乳化劑係有如下結構之水中油型乳化組成物:使油相成分與水相成分進行乳化,而形成具有冠狀核型微凝膠乳化劑吸附於水相成分中所分散之油相成分之油滴上而成的結構。因此,本發明之冠狀核型微凝膠乳化劑之乳化力優異,又,若將本發明之冠狀核型
微凝膠乳化劑用作乳化劑,則可製造乳化穩定性極優異之水中油型乳化組成物。
本發明之水中油型乳化組成物係藉由如下方法製造:使由該共聚物所構成之冠狀核型微凝膠乳化劑混合分散於水或水相成分中,進而利用以往之方法添加油相成分及其他成分,並施加攪拌及剪切力而使其乳化。
即,本發明之水中油型乳化組成物係具有可藉由極簡單之製造製程而生產優異之商業價值者。
於本發明中較理想為,用作乳化劑之冠狀核型微凝膠乳化劑相對於水中油型乳化組成物之總量,通常係於0.01~10質量%之範圍調配,較佳設為0.1~10質量%之範圍。
若微凝膠之調配量未達0.01質量%,則難以獲得穩定之水中油型乳化組成物,若為超過10質量%之調配量,則於高溫條件下之長期保存方面,就穩定性之觀點而言,有作為化妝料欠佳之情形、或使用感欠佳之情形。
「(b)關於本發明之水中油型乳化組成物所使用之油相成分」
本發明之水中油型乳化組成物所含的油相成分可列舉通常化妝品、準藥品等所使用之烴油、高級脂肪酸、高級醇、合成酯油、聚矽氧油、液體油脂、固體油脂、蠟類等,且可使用一種或兩種以上之油性成分。
再者,油相成分並無特別限制,相對於水中油型乳化組成物總量,較佳為調配為5~90質量%,進而較佳為調配為10~80質量%。
作為烴油,例如可列舉:異十二烷、異十六烷、異烷烴(isoparaffin)、液體石蠟(liquid paraffin)、地蠟、角鯊烷、姥鮫烷(pristane)、石蠟、純地蠟(ceresine)、角鯊烯、凡士林、微晶蠟等。
作為高級脂肪酸,例如可列舉:月桂酸、肉豆蔻酸、棕櫚酸、硬脂酸、山萮酸(behenic acid)、油酸、十一碳烯酸、妥爾油酸(tall oil acid)、異硬脂酸、亞麻油酸、次亞麻油酸、二十碳五烯酸(EPA)、二十二碳六烯酸(DHA)等。
作為高級醇,例如可列舉:直鏈醇(例如月桂醇、鯨蠟醇、硬脂醇、山萮醇、肉豆蔻醇、油醇、鯨蠟硬脂醇(cetostearyl alcohol)等)、支鏈醇(例如單硬脂基甘油醚(鯊肝醇)、2-癸基四癸醇、羊毛脂醇(lanolin alcohol)、膽固醇、植固醇、己基十二醇、異硬脂醇、辛基十二醇等)等。
作為合成酯油,例如可列舉:辛酸辛酯、壬酸壬酯、辛酸鯨蠟酯(cetyl caprylate)、肉豆蔻酸異丙酯、肉豆蔻酸辛基十二酯、棕櫚酸異丙酯、硬脂酸丁酯、月桂酸己酯、肉豆蔻酸肉豆蔻酯(myristyl myristate)、油酸癸酯、二甲基辛酸己基癸酯、乳酸鯨蠟酯、乳酸肉豆蔻酯、乙醯化羊毛脂(acetylated lanolin)、硬脂酸異鯨蠟酯、異硬脂酸異鯨蠟酯、12-羥基硬脂酸膽固醇酯、二-2-乙基己酸乙二醇酯、二新戊四醇脂肪酸酯、單異硬脂酸N-烷基二醇酯、二癸酸新戊二醇酯、三甲基乙酸三丙二醇酯(tripropylene
glycol pivalate)、蘋果酸二異硬脂酯、二-2-庚基十一酸甘油酯、二異硬脂酸甘油酯、三羥甲基丙烷三-2-乙基己酸酯、三羥甲基丙烷三異硬脂酸酯、新戊四醇四-2-乙基己酸酯、三-2-乙基己酸甘油酯、三辛酸甘油酯、三異棕櫚酸甘油酯、三羥甲基丙烷三異硬脂酸酯、2-乙基己酸鯨蠟酯、棕櫚酸2-乙基己酯、三肉豆蔻酸甘油酯、三-2-庚基十一酸甘油酯、蓖麻油脂肪酸甲酯、油醇油酸酯、乙醯甘油酯(acetoglyceride)、棕櫚酸2-庚基十一酯、己二酸二異丁酯、N-月桂醯基-L-麩胺酸-2-辛基十二酯、己二酸二-2-庚基十一酯、月桂酸乙酯、癸二酸二-2-乙基己酯、肉豆蔻酸2-己基癸酯、棕櫚酸2-己基癸酯、己二酸2-己基癸酯、癸二酸二異丙酯、琥珀酸2-乙基己酯、檸檬酸三乙酯等。
作為聚矽氧油,例如可列舉:鏈狀聚矽氧烷(例如二甲基聚矽氧烷、甲基苯基聚矽氧烷、二苯基聚矽氧烷等)、環狀聚矽氧烷(例如八甲基環四矽氧烷、十甲基環五矽氧烷、十二甲基環六矽氧烷等)、形成三維網狀結構之聚矽氧樹脂、聚矽氧橡膠、各種改質聚矽氧烷(胺基改質聚矽氧烷、聚醚改質聚矽氧烷、烷基改質聚矽氧烷、氟改質聚矽氧烷等)、丙烯酸系聚矽氧類等。
作為液體油脂,例如可列舉:酪梨油、山茶油、龜油(turtle oil)、澳洲胡桃油(macadamia nut oil)、玉米油、貂油(mink oil)、橄欖油、菜籽油、蛋黃油、芝麻油、核仁油(prumus persica kernel oil)、小麥胚芽油、山茶花油、蓖麻油、亞麻仁油、紅花油、棉籽油、紫蘇油、大豆油、
花生油、茶籽油、榧子油(torreya nucifera seed oil)、米糠油、油桐油(chinese tung oil)、日本桐油、荷荷芭油、胚芽油、三甘油等。
作為固體油脂,例如可列舉:可可油脂、椰子油、馬油、氫化椰子油、棕櫚油、牛油、羊油、氫化牛油、棕櫚仁油、豬油、牛骨油、木蠟仁油(japan wax kernel oil)、氫化油、牛腳油、木蠟(japan wax)、氫化蓖麻油等。
作為蠟類,例如可列舉:蜂蠟、堪地里拉蠟、棉蠟、巴西棕櫚蠟、月桂果蠟(bayberry wax)、蟲蠟、鯨蠟、褐煤蠟、糠蠟、羊毛脂、木棉蠟、乙醯化羊毛脂、液體羊毛脂、甘蔗蠟、羊毛脂脂肪酸異丙酯、月桂酸己酯、還原羊毛脂、荷荷芭蠟、硬質羊毛脂、蟲膠蠟、POE羊毛醇醚、POE羊毛醇乙酸酯、POE膽固醇醚、羊毛脂脂肪酸聚乙二醇酯、POE氫化羊毛醇醚等。
進而,藉由使用香料作為本發明之(b)油相成分,可獲得香味持續性優異之水中油型乳化組成物。作為本發明所使用之香料,可列舉:自動物或植物獲得之天然香料、藉由化學性合成方法製造之合成香料、及作為該等之混合物之調合香料,並無特別限定。於本發明中,根據作為目標之製品,可使用該等香料之任意一種或兩種以上。作為香料成分,具體而言,可使用選自Acetylenol、大茴香醛、大茴香腦、乙酸戊酯、水楊酸戊酯、戊基乙醇酸烯丙酯(allyl amyl glycolate)、己酸烯丙酯(allyl caproate)、醛C6~20、黃葵內酯(Ambrettolide)、黃葵內酯
(Ambrettolide)、龍涎香烷、紫羅蘭酮、龍涎酮(iso e super)、丁香酚、Auranthiol、佳樂麝香(galaxolide)、抑素(chalone)、香豆素、香葉草醇(geraniol)、乙酸香葉酯、檀香(sandalore)、檀香醇(santalol)、檀木(sandela)、仙客來醛(Cyclamen aldehyde)、順-乙酸-3-己烯酯、順-3-己烯醇、檸檬醛、乙酸香茅酯(citronellyl acetate)、香茅醇、白千層腦(cineole)、二氫月桂烯醇(dihydro myrcenol)、茉莉內酯(jasmolactone)、桂皮醇、桂皮醛、乙酸2-苯乙酯(styralyl acetate)、乙酸雪松酯、雪松醇、突厥酮(damascone)、大馬酮(damascenone)、癸內酯(decalactone)、乙酸松香酯、松香醇、吐納麝香(tonalide)、Tonalid、女貞醛(triplal)、橙花醇、白檀醇(bacdanol)、香草精、羥香茅醛、乙酸苯乙酯、苯基乙醇、水楊酸己酯、乙酸香根酯(vetiveryl acetate)、二氫茉莉酮酸甲酯(hedione)、洋茉莉醛(heliotropine)、新洋茉莉醛(helional)、甲基柏木酮(vertofix)、乙酸苄酯、水楊酸苄酯、苯甲酸苄酯、環十五內酯(pentalide)、環十五內酯(pentalide)、乙酸冰片酯(bornyl acetate)、山楂醇(mayol)、麝香酮、鄰胺苯甲酸甲酯(methyl anthranilate)、二氫茉莉酮酸甲酯(methyl dihydrojasmonate)、橙花醚(yara yara)、氧化白檸檬(lime oxide)、乙酸沉香酯、沉香醇、檸檬烯、新鈴蘭醛(lyral)、鈴蘭醛(lilial)、玫瑰醚(rose oxide)、玫紅醇(rhodinol)、當歸油(angelica oil)、大茴香油、艾蒿油(armoise oil)、羅勒油、月桂油、香柑
油、菖蒲油、樟腦油、香水樹油(cananga oil)、小豆蔻油、桂皮油(cassia oil)、雪松木油(cedarwood oil)、芹菜油、黃金菊油、錫蘭肉桂油(cinnamon oil)、丁香油、芫荽籽油、小茴香油、蒔蘿油(dill oil)、欖香脂油(elemi oil)、香艾菊油、按葉油、茴香油(fennel oil)、葫蘆巴油(fenugreek oil)、格蓬油(galbanum oil)、香葉油、薑油、葡萄柚油、愈瘡木油(guaiacwood oil)、檜葉油、檜木油、杜松子油、雜薰衣草油(lavandin oil)、薰衣草油、檸檬油、酸橙油、紅橘油(mandarin oil)、益穗油(ziram oil)、含羞草油、西洋薄荷油(peppermint oil)、綠薄荷油、黃金菊油(chamomile oil)、桃金娘油、肉豆蔻油(nutmeg oil)、橡苔油(oakmoss oil)、乳香油、紅沒藥油(opoponax oil)、橙油、洋芹油、虎尾草油、胡椒油、蘇子油(perilla oil)、卑檸油、苦橙花油(neroli oil)、橙花油(orange flower oil)、甘椒油、眾香子油(allspice oil)、松油、玫瑰油、迷迭香油、快樂鼠尾草油(clary sage oil)、鼠尾草油(sage oil)、檀香木油、安息香油(styrax oil)、柑橘油(tangerine oil)、瑞香草油(thyme oil)、晚香玉油(tuberose oil)、纈草油(valerian oil)、岩蘭草油(vetiver oil)、紫羅蘭葉油(violet leaf oil)、鹿蹄草油、苦艾油(worm wood oil)、香水樹油、柚子油、金合歡(cassie)精油、金雀花(genet)精油、風信子(hyacinthus)精油、不凋花(immortelle)精油、茉莉精油、黃花水仙(jonquil)精油、水仙(narcissus)精油、玫瑰精油、紫羅蘭葉精油、安息香中之一種或兩種以
上。
相對於水中油型乳化組成物總量,香料之調配量通常為0.5~40質量%,更佳為1~30質量%,進而較佳為2~20質量%。若未達0.5質量%,則無法獲得充分之香味之強度、持續性,故而欠佳。
於藉由先前之界面活性劑獲得之乳化組成物中,界面活性劑之物性與油分之物性會較大地影響乳化性,於變更油相成分時,亦必需相對地變更界面活性劑之種類。
然而,由於本發明之水中油型乳化組成物係以冠狀核型微凝膠作為乳化劑之皮克林乳液,故而由油分種類所引起之乳化性、穩定性等之影響小,可調配較先前廣泛種類之油分。
「(c)關於本發明之水中油型乳化組成物所使用之水相成分」
本發明之水中油型乳化組成物所含的水相成分可調配通常化妝品、準藥品等所使用之水、水溶性醇、增黏劑等,進而根據所需,可適當地調配保濕劑、螯合劑、防腐劑、色素等。
再者,水相成分並無特別限制,相對於水中油型乳化組成物總量,較佳為調配10~95質量%,進而較佳為調配20~90質量%。
又,於本發明之油中水型乳化組成物中,較佳之油相對水相之質量比為油相:水相=10:90~80:20。
本發明之水中油型乳化組成物所含之水並無特別限
定,若具體地表示,則可列舉:純化水、離子交換水、自來水等。
作為水溶性醇,係選自低級醇、多元醇、多元醇聚合物、二元醇烷基醚類、二元醇醚酯、甘油單烷基醚、糖醇、單糖、寡糖、多糖及該等之衍生物中之一種或兩種以上。
作為低級醇,例如可列舉:乙醇、丙醇、異丙醇、異丁醇、第三丁醇等。
作為多元醇,例如可列舉:二元醇(例如二丙二醇、1,3-丁二醇、乙二醇、1,3-丙二醇、1,2-丁二醇、1,4-丁二醇、2,3-丁二醇、1,5-戊二醇、2-丁烯-1,4-二醇、己二醇、辛二醇等)、三元醇(例如甘油、三羥甲基丙烷等)、四元醇(例如雙甘油、1,2,6-己三醇等新戊四醇等)、五元醇(例如木糖醇、三甘油等)、六元醇(例如山梨糖醇、甘露醇等)、多元醇聚合物(例如二乙二醇、二丙二醇-三乙二醇、聚丙二醇、四乙二醇、雙甘油-三甘油、四甘油、聚甘油等)、二元醇烷基醚類(例如乙二醇單甲醚、乙二醇單乙醚、乙二醇單丁醚、乙二醇單苯基醚(ethylene glycol monophenyl ether)、乙二醇單己醚、乙二醇單2-甲基己醚、乙二醇異戊醚、乙二醇苄基醚、乙二醇異丙醚、乙二醇二甲醚、乙二醇二乙醚、乙二醇二丁醚、二乙二醇單甲醚、二乙二醇單乙醚、二乙二醇單丁醚、二乙二醇二甲醚、二乙二醇二乙醚、二乙二醇丁醚、二乙二醇甲基乙醚、三乙二醇單甲醚、三乙二醇單乙醚、丙二醇單甲醚、丙二醇單乙醚、丙二醇單丁醚、丙二醇異丙醚、二丙二醇甲醚、二丙二醇乙
醚、二丙二醇丁醚等)、二元醇醚酯(例如乙二醇單甲醚乙酸酯、乙二醇單乙醚乙酸酯、乙二醇單丁醚乙酸酯、乙二醇單苯基醚乙酸酯、乙二醇二己二酸酯、乙二醇二丁二酸酯、二乙二醇單乙醚乙酸酯、二乙二醇單丁醚乙酸酯、丙二醇單甲醚乙酸酯、丙二醇單乙醚乙酸酯、丙二醇單丙醚乙酸酯、丙二醇單苯基醚乙酸酯等)、甘油單烷基醚(例如鮫肝醇(chimyl alcohol)、鯊油醇(celachyl alcohol)、鯊肝醇等)、糖醇(例如麥芽三糖、甘露醇、蔗糖、赤藻糖醇、葡萄糖、果糖、澱粉分解糖、麥芽糖、澱粉分解糖還原醇等)、Glysolid、四氫呋喃甲醇、POE-四氫呋喃甲醇、POP-丁醚、POP-POE-丁醚、三聚氧丙烯甘油醚、POP-甘油醚、POP-甘油醚磷酸酯、POP-POE-新戊四醇醚、聚甘油等。
作為單糖,例如可列舉:三碳糖(例如D-甘油醛、二羥基丙酮等)、四碳糖(例如D-赤藻糖、D-赤藻酮糖、D-蘇糖、赤藻糖醇等)、五碳糖(例如L-阿拉伯糖、D-木糖、L-來蘇糖(L-lyxose)、D-阿拉伯糖、D-核糖、D-核酮糖、D-木酮糖、L-木酮糖等)、六碳糖(例如D-葡萄糖、D-塔羅糖(D-talose)、D-阿洛酮糖(psicose)、D-半乳糖、D-果糖、L-半乳糖、L-甘露糖、D-塔格糖(D-tagatose)等)、七碳糖(例如庚醛糖(aldoheptose)、庚酮糖(heptulose)等)、八碳糖(例如辛酮糖(octulose)等)、脫氧糖(例如2-脫氧-D-核糖、6-脫氧-L-半乳糖、6-脫氧-L-甘露糖等)、胺基糖(例如D-葡糖胺、D-半乳胺糖、唾液酸(sialic acid)、胺基糖醛酸、胞壁酸(muramic acid)等)、糖醛酸(例如
D-葡糖醛酸、D-甘露糖醛酸、L-古羅糖醛酸、D-半乳糖醛酸、L-艾杜糖醛酸(iduronic acid)等)等。
作為寡糖,例如可列舉:蔗糖、龍膽三糖、傘形糖(umbelliferose)、乳糖、車前糖、異剪秋羅糖(isolychnose)類、α,α-海藻糖、棉子糖、秋羅糖類、umbilicin、水蘇糖毛蕊花糖(stachyose verbascose)類等。
作為多糖,例如可列舉:纖維素、榅桲籽、澱粉、聚半乳糖、硫酸皮膚素、肝糖、阿拉伯膠、硫酸乙醯肝素、黃蓍膠、硫酸角質素(keratan sulfate)、軟骨素、三仙膠、瓜爾膠、葡聚糖、硫酸角質、刺槐豆膠(locust bean gum)、琥珀醯基葡聚糖(succinoglucan)等。
作為其他多元醇,可列舉:聚氧乙烯甲基葡糖苷(Glucam E-10)、聚氧丙烯甲基葡糖苷(Glucam P-10)等。
作為增黏劑,例如可列舉:阿拉伯膠、鹿角菜膠、刺梧桐膠、黃蓍膠、刺槐豆膠(carob gum)、榅桲籽(榅桲)、酪蛋白、糊精、明膠、果膠酸鈉、海藻酸鈉、甲基纖維素、乙基纖維素、CMC(Carboxy Methylated Cellulose,羧甲基纖維素)、羥乙基纖維素、羥丙基纖維素、PVA、PVM,PVP、聚丙烯酸鈉、羧基乙烯聚合物、刺槐豆膠(locust bean gum)、瓜爾膠、羅望子膠(tamarind gum)、二烷基二甲基銨硫酸纖維素、三仙膠、矽酸鋁鎂、皂土(bentonite)、鋰蒙脫石(hectorite)、矽酸鋁鎂(Veegum)、合成矽酸鹽(laponite)、矽酸酐等。
作為天然之水溶性高分子,例如可列舉:植物系高分
子(例如阿拉伯膠、黃蓍膠、半乳聚糖、瓜爾膠、刺槐豆膠(carob gum)、刺梧桐膠、鹿角菜膠、果膠、瓊脂、榅桲籽(榅桲)、海藻萃取物(褐藻萃取物)、澱粉(米、玉米、馬鈴薯、小麥)、甘草酸)、微生物系高分子(例如三仙膠、葡聚糖、琥珀醯基葡聚糖、聚三葡萄糖等)、動物系高分子(例如膠原蛋白、酪蛋白、白蛋白、白明膠等)等。
作為半合成之水溶性高分子,例如可列舉:澱粉系高分子(例如羧甲基澱粉、甲基羥丙基澱粉等)、纖維素系高分子(甲基纖維素、乙基纖維素、甲基羥丙基纖維素、羥乙基纖維素、纖維素硫酸鈉、羥丙基纖維素、羧甲基纖維素、羧甲基纖維素鈉、結晶纖維素、纖維素末等)、海藻酸(alginic acid)系高分子(例如海藻酸鈉、海藻酸丙二醇酯等)等。
作為合成之水溶性高分子,例如可列舉:乙烯系高分子(例如聚乙烯醇、聚乙烯甲醚、聚乙烯吡咯烷酮、羧基乙烯聚合物等)、聚氧乙烯系高分子(例如聚乙二醇20,000、40,000、60,000等)、丙烯酸系高分子(例如聚丙烯酸鈉、聚丙烯酸乙酯、聚丙烯酸醯胺等)、聚乙亞胺、陽離子聚合物等。
作為保濕劑,例如可列舉:硫酸軟骨素、玻尿酸、硫酸黏多糖(mucoitinsulfuric acid)、栝樓仁酸、去端肽膠原(atelocollagen)、膽固醇基-12-羥基硬脂酸酯、乳酸鈉、膽汁酸鹽、DL-吡咯烷酮羧酸鹽、短鏈可溶性膠原蛋白、雙
甘油(EO)PO加成物、十六夜薔薇(chestnut rose)取物、洋耆草(Achillea millefolium)萃取物、草木犀(melilot)萃取物等。
作為金屬離子封鎖劑,例如可列舉:1-羥基乙烷-1,1-二膦酸、1-羥基乙烷-1,1-二膦酸四鈉鹽、乙二胺四乙酸二鈉、乙二胺四乙酸三鈉、乙二胺四乙酸四鈉、檸檬酸鈉、聚磷酸鈉、偏磷酸鈉、葡萄糖酸、磷酸、檸檬酸、抗壞血酸、琥珀酸、乙二胺四乙酸、乙二胺羥乙基三乙酸三鈉等。
作為胺基酸,例如可列舉:中性胺基酸(例如蘇胺酸、半胱胺酸等)、鹼性胺基酸(例如羥基離胺酸等)等。又,作為胺基酸衍生物,例如可列舉:醯基肌胺酸鈉(月桂醯肌胺酸鈉)、醯基麩胺酸鹽、醯基β-丙胺酸鈉、麩胱苷肽等。
作為pH值調整劑,例如可列舉:乳酸-乳酸鈉、檸檬酸-檸檬酸鈉、琥珀酸-琥珀酸鈉等緩衝劑等。
關於本發明之水中油型乳化組成物中調配的油相成分及水相成分之調配量,並無特別規定。藉由將(a)之微凝膠用作乳化劑,可獲得油相成分/水相成分比較少即油相成分調配量較少之實施形態(美容液、乳液等)至調配量較多的實施形態(潔面乳、防曬霜、髮乳等)之油相成分/水相成分比較多之水中油型乳化組成物。
於本發明之水中油型乳化組成物中,於無損本發明之效果之範圍內,通常可適當地調配通常化妝品或準藥品之皮膚外用劑所使用之其他成分例如紫外線吸收劑、粉末、
有機胺、高分子乳膠、維生素類、抗氧化劑等。
作為水溶性紫外線吸收劑,例如可列舉:2,4-二羥基二苯甲酮、2,2'-二羥基-4-甲氧基二苯甲酮、2,2'-二羥基-4,4'-二甲氧基二苯甲酮、2,2',4,4'-四羥基二苯甲酮、2-羥基-4-甲氧基二苯甲酮、2-羥基-4-甲氧基-4'-甲基二苯甲酮、2-羥基-4-甲氧基二苯甲酮-5-磺酸鹽、4-苯基二苯甲酮、2-乙基己基-4'-苯基-二苯甲酮-2-羧酸酯、2-羥基-4-正辛氧基二苯甲酮、4-羥基-3-羧基二苯甲酮等二苯甲酮系紫外線吸收劑,苯基苯并咪唑-5-磺酸及其鹽、伸苯基-雙-苯并咪唑-四磺酸及其鹽等苯并咪唑系紫外線吸收劑,3-(4'-甲基亞苄基)-d,l-樟腦(3-(4’-methylbenzylidene)-d,l-camphor)、3-亞苄基-d,l-樟腦、尿刊酸、尿刊酸乙酯等。
作為油溶性紫外線吸收劑,例如可列舉:對胺基苯甲酸(PABA)、PABA單甘油酯、N,N-二丙氧基PABA乙酯、N,N-二乙氧基PABA乙酯、N,N-二甲基PABA乙酯、N,N-二甲基PABA丁酯等苯甲酸系紫外線吸收劑;N-乙醯基鄰胺苯甲酸三甲環己酯(homomenthyl-N-acetyl anthranilate)等鄰胺基苯甲酸系紫外線吸收劑;水楊酸戊酯、水楊酸薄荷酯、水楊酸三甲環己酯、水楊酸辛酯、水楊酸苯酯、水楊酸苄酯、水楊酸對異丙醇苯酯等水楊酸系紫外線吸收劑;桂皮酸辛酯(octyl cinnamate)、乙基-4-異丙基桂皮酸酯、甲基-2,5-二異丙基桂皮酸酯、乙基-2,4-二異丙基桂皮酸酯、甲基-2,4-二異丙基桂皮酸酯、丙基-對甲氧基桂皮酸酯、異丙基-對甲氧基桂皮酸酯、異戊基-對甲氧基桂皮酸
酯、辛基-對甲氧基桂皮酸酯、2-乙基己基-對甲氧基桂皮酸酯、2-乙氧基乙基-對甲氧基桂皮酸酯、環己基-對甲氧基桂皮酸酯、乙基-α-氰基-β-苯基桂皮酸酯、2-乙基己基-α-氰基-β-苯基桂皮酸酯、甘油單-2-乙基己醯基-二對甲氧基桂皮酸酯、3,4,5-三甲氧基桂皮酸3-甲基-4-[甲基雙(三甲基矽烷氧基)矽基]丁酯等桂皮酸系紫外線吸收劑;2-苯基-5-甲基苯并唑、2,2'-羥基-5-甲基苯基苯并三唑、2-(2'-羥基-5'-第三辛基苯基)苯并三唑、2-(2'-羥基-5'-甲基苯基)苯并三唑、雙亞苄肼(benzalazine)、聯大茴香甲醯基甲烷(dianisoyl methane)、4-甲氧基-4'-第三丁基二苯甲醯基甲烷、5-(3,3-二甲基-2-亞降莰基)-3-戊烷-2-酮(5-(3,3-dimethyl-2-norbornylidene)-3-pentane-2-one)、奧克立林(octocrylene)等。
作為粉末成分,例如可列舉:無機粉末(例如滑石、高嶺土、雲母、絹雲母(sericite)、白雲母、金雲母、合成雲母、紅雲母、黑雲母、蛭石、碳酸鎂、碳酸鈣、矽酸鋁、矽酸鋇、矽酸鈣、矽酸鎂、矽酸鍶、鎢酸金屬鹽、鎂、二氧化矽、沸石、硫酸鋇、燒成硫酸鈣(燒石膏)、磷酸鈣、氟磷石灰、羥磷石灰、陶瓷粉末、金屬皂(例如肉豆蔻酸鋅、棕櫚酸鈣、硬脂酸鋁)、氮化硼等)、有機粉末(例如聚醯胺樹脂粉末(尼龍粉末)、聚乙烯粉末、聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯粉末、聚苯乙烯粉末、苯乙烯與丙烯酸之共聚物樹脂粉末、苯并胍胺(benzoguanamine)樹脂粉末、聚四氟乙烯粉末、纖維素粉末等)、無機白色顏料(例如二氧
化鈦、氧化鋅等)、無機紅色系顏料(例如氧化鐵(鐵丹)、鈦酸鐵等)、無機褐色系顏料(例如γ-氧化鐵等)、無機黃色系顏料(例如氧化鐵黃、黃土等)、無機黑色系顏料(例如氧化鐵黑、低價氧化鈦等)、無機紫色系顏料(例如錳紫、鈷紫等)、無機綠色系顏料(例如氧化鉻、氫氧化鉻、鈦酸鈷等)、無機藍色系顏料(例如群青、普魯士藍(prussian blue)等)、珠光顏料(例如被覆有氧化鈦之雲母、被覆有氧化鈦之氧氯化鉍、被覆有氧化鈦之滑石、被覆有著色氧化鈦之雲母、氧氯化鉍、魚鱗箔等)、金屬粉末顏料(例如鋁粉末、銅粉末等)、鋯、鋇或鋁色澱等有機顏料(例如紅色201號、紅色202號、紅色204號、紅色205號、紅色220號、紅色226號、紅色228號、紅色405號、橙色203號、橙色204號、黃色205號、黃色401號、及藍色404號等有機顏料、紅色3號、紅色104號、紅色106號、紅色227號、紅色230號、紅色401號、紅色505號、橙色205號、黃色4號、黃色5號、黃色202號、黃色203號、綠色3號及藍色1號等)、天然色素(例如葉綠素、β-胡蘿蔔素等)等。
作為有機胺,例如可列舉:單乙醇胺、二乙醇胺、三乙醇胺、嗎福啉、四(2-羥丙基)乙二胺、三異丙醇胺、2-胺基-2-甲基-1,3-丙二醇、2-胺基-2-甲基-1-丙醇等。
作為高分子乳膠,例如可列舉:丙烯酸系樹脂乳膠、聚丙烯酸乙酯乳膠、丙烯酸系樹脂液、聚丙烯酸烷基酯乳膠、聚乙酸乙烯酯樹脂乳膠、天然橡膠乳膠等。
作為維生素類,例如可列舉:維生素A、B1、B2、B6、C、E及其衍生物、泛酸及其衍生物、生物素等。
作為抗氧化劑,例如可列舉:生育酚類、二丁基羥基甲苯、丁基羥基苯甲醚、沒食子酸酯類等。
作為抗氧化助劑,例如可列舉:磷酸、檸檬酸、抗壞血酸、順丁烯二酸、丙二酸、琥珀酸、反丁烯二酸、腦磷脂(cephalin)、六偏磷酸鹽、植酸、乙二胺四乙酸等。
作為其他可調配之成分,例如可列舉:防腐劑(對羥基苯甲酸甲酯、對羥基苯甲酸乙酯、對羥基苯甲酸丁酯、苯氧基乙醇等)、消炎劑(例如甘草酸衍生物、甘草次酸衍生物、水楊酸衍生物、扁柏酚(hinokitiol)、氧化鋅、尿囊素等)、美白劑(例如胎盤萃取物、虎耳草萃取物、熊果苷等)、各種萃取物(例如黃柏、黃蓮、紫根、芍藥、當藥、樺木、鼠尾草、枇杷、人蔘、蘆薈、錦葵、鳶尾(iris)、葡萄、薏苡仁、絲瓜、百合、番紅花、川芎、生薑、弟切草(saint-john's-wort)、刺芒柄花(ononis spinosa)、大蒜、辣椒、陳皮、當歸、海藻等)、賦活劑(例如蜂王漿、感光素、膽固醇衍生物等)、活血劑(例如壬酸香草基醯胺(nonylic acid vanillylamide)、菸鹼酸苄酯(benzyl nicotinate)、菸鹼酸β-丁氧基乙酯、辣椒素、薑油酮(zingerone)、斑蝥酊(cantharides tincture)、魚石脂(ichthammol)、丹寧酸、α-龍腦(α-borneol)、菸鹼酸生育酚酯、六菸鹼酸肌醇酯、環扁桃酯(cyclandelate)、桂利嗪(cinnarizine)、妥拉唑林(tolazoline)、乙醯膽鹼、
維拉帕米(verapamil)、頭花千金藤素(cepharanthine)、γ-穀維素(γ-oryzanol)等)、抗脂漏劑(例如硫、二甲噻蒽(thianthol)等)、消炎劑(例如傳明酸、硫代牛磺酸、次牛磺酸(hypotaurine)等)等。
又,於本發明之水中油型乳化組成物中,並非作為乳化劑之目的,而以使用觸感之控制、藥劑滲透性等之控制、或於調配於皮膚或毛髮之洗淨劑中的情形時之洗淨性提高等作為目的,可調配界面活性劑作為水相或油相成分。
兩性界面活性劑具有至少各一個陽離子性官能基及陰離子性官能基,於溶液為酸性時呈陽離子性,為鹼性時呈陰離子性,且於等電點附近具有接近非離子界面活性劑之性質。
根據陰離子基之種類,將兩性界面活性劑分類為羧酸型、硫酸酯型、磺酸型及磷酸酯型。於本發明中,較佳為羧酸型、硫酸酯型及磺酸型。羧酸型進而分類為胺基酸型與甜菜鹼型。尤佳為甜菜鹼型。
具體而言,例如可列舉:咪唑啉系兩性界面活性劑(例如2-十一烷基-N,N,N-(羥乙基羧甲基)-2-咪唑啉鈉、2-椰油醯基-2-氫氧化咪唑啉鎓-1-羧基乙氧基二鈉鹽等);甜菜鹼系界面活性劑(例如2-十七烷基-N-羧甲基-N-羥乙基咪唑啉鎓甜菜鹼、月桂基二甲胺基乙酸甜菜鹼、烷基甜菜鹼、醯胺甜菜鹼、磺基甜菜鹼等)等。
陽離子性界面活性劑例如可列舉:鯨蠟基三甲基氯化銨、硬脂基三甲基氯化銨、山萮基三甲基氯化銨、山萮基
二甲基羥乙基氯化銨、硬脂基二甲基苄基氯化銨、鯨蠟基三乙基銨甲基硫酸鹽等四級銨鹽。又,可列舉:硬脂酸二乙胺基乙基醯胺、硬脂酸二甲胺基乙基醯胺、棕櫚酸二乙胺基乙基醯胺、棕櫚酸二甲胺基乙基醯胺、肉豆蔻酸二乙胺基乙基醯胺、肉豆蔻酸二甲胺基乙基醯胺、山萮酸二乙胺基乙基醯胺、山萮酸二甲胺基乙基醯胺、硬脂酸二乙胺基丙基醯胺、硬脂酸二甲胺基丙基醯胺、棕櫚酸二乙胺基丙基醯胺、棕櫚酸二甲胺基丙基醯胺、肉豆蔻酸二乙胺基丙基醯胺、肉豆蔻酸二甲胺基丙基醯胺、山萮酸二乙胺基丙基醯胺、山萮酸二甲胺基丙基醯胺等醯胺胺化合物。
陰離子界面活性劑分類為脂肪酸皂、N-醯基麩胺酸鹽、烷基醚乙酸等羧酸鹽型,α-烯烴磺酸鹽、烷烴磺酸鹽、烷基苯磺酸等磺酸型,高級醇硫酸酯鹽等硫酸酯鹽型,磷酸酯鹽型等。較佳為羧酸鹽型、磺酸型及硫酸酯鹽型,尤佳為硫酸酯鹽型。
具體而言,例如可列舉:脂肪酸皂(例如月桂酸鈉、棕櫚酸鈉等)、高級烷基硫酸酯鹽(例如月桂基硫酸鈉、月桂基硫酸鉀等)、烷基醚硫酸酯鹽(例如POE-月桂基硫酸三乙醇胺、POE-月桂基硫酸鈉等)、N-醯基肌胺酸(例如月桂醯基肌胺酸鈉等)、高級脂肪酸醯胺磺酸鹽(例如N-肉豆蔻醯基-N-甲基牛磺酸鈉、椰子油脂肪酸甲基牛磺酸鈉、月桂基甲基牛磺酸鈉等)、磷酸酯鹽(POE-油基醚磷酸鈉(sodium POE oleyl ether phosphate)、POE-硬脂醚磷酸等)、磺基琥珀酸鹽(例如二-2-乙基己基磺基琥珀酸鈉、
單月桂醯基單乙醇醯胺聚氧乙烯磺基琥珀酸鈉、月桂基聚丙二醇磺基琥珀酸鈉等)、烷基苯磺酸鹽(例如線性十二烷基苯磺酸鈉(linear sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate)、線性十二烷基苯磺酸三乙醇胺、線性十二烷基苯磺酸等)、高級脂肪酸酯硫酸酯鹽(例如氫化椰子油脂肪酸甘油硫酸鈉等)、N-醯基麩胺酸鹽(例如N-月桂醯基麩胺酸單鈉、N-硬脂醯基麩胺酸二鈉、N-肉豆蔻醯基-L-麩胺酸單鈉等)、硫酸化油(例如土耳其紅油(turkey red oil)等)、POE-烷基醚羧酸、POE-烷基烯丙醚羧酸鹽、α-烯烴磺酸鹽、高級脂肪酸酯磺酸鹽、二級醇硫酸酯鹽、高級脂肪酸烷醇醯胺硫酸酯鹽、月桂醯基單乙醇醯胺琥珀酸鈉、N-棕櫚醯基天冬胺酸雙三乙醇胺、酪蛋白鈉等。
非離子性界面活性劑係不會於水溶液中電離而帶電荷之界面活性劑。作為疏水基,已知使用烷基之類型及使用二甲基聚矽氧之類型等。作為前者,具體而言,例如可列舉:甘油脂肪酸酯、甘油脂肪酸酯之環氧乙烷衍生物、聚甘油脂肪酸酯、丙二醇脂肪酸酯、丙二醇脂肪酸酯之環氧乙烷衍生物、聚乙二醇脂肪酸酯、聚乙二醇烷基醚、聚乙二醇烷基苯醚、聚乙二醇蓖麻油衍生物、聚乙二醇氫化蓖麻油衍生物等。作為後者,可列舉:聚醚改質聚矽氧、聚甘油改質聚矽氧等。較佳為使用烷基作為疏水基之類型。
作為親油性非離子界面活性劑,具體而言,例如可列舉:山梨糖醇酐脂肪酸酯類(例如山梨糖醇酐單油酸酯、山梨糖醇酐單異硬脂酸酯、山梨糖醇酐單月桂酸酯、山梨
糖醇酐單棕櫚酸酯、山梨糖醇酐單硬脂酸酯、山梨糖醇酐倍半油酸酯(sorbitan sesquioleate)、山梨糖醇酐三油酸酯、山梨糖醇酐五-2-乙基己基酸雙甘油酯、山梨糖醇酐四-2-乙基己基酸雙甘油酯等)、聚甘油脂肪酸甘油酯類(例如單棉籽油脂肪酸甘油酯、單芥酸甘油酯、倍半油酸甘油酯、單硬脂酸甘油酯、α,α'-油酸焦麩胺酸甘油酯、蘋果酸單硬脂酸甘油酯等)、丙二醇脂肪酸酯類(例如單丙二醇硬脂酸酯等)、氫化蓖麻油衍生物、甘油烷基醚等。
作為親水性非離子界面活性劑,例如可列舉:POE-山梨糖醇酐脂肪酸酯類(例如POE-山梨糖醇酐單油酸酯、POE-山梨糖醇酐單硬脂酸酯、POE-山梨糖醇酐單油酸酯、POE-山梨糖醇酐四油酸酯等)、POE山梨糖醇脂肪酸酯類(例如POE-山梨糖醇單月桂酸酯、POE-山梨糖醇單油酸酯、POE-山梨糖醇五油酸酯、POE-山梨糖醇單硬脂酸酯等)、POE-甘油脂肪酸酯類(例如POE-甘油單硬脂酸酯、POE-甘油單異硬脂酸酯、POE-甘油三異硬脂酸酯等POE-單油酸酯等)、POE-脂肪酸酯類(例如POE-二硬脂酸酯、POE-單二油酸酯、二硬脂酸乙二醇酯等)、POE-烷基醚類(例如POE-月桂醚、POE-油基醚、POE-硬脂醚、POE-山萮醚、POE-2-辛基十二烷基醚、POE-二氫膽固醇醚等)、普朗尼克型類(例如普朗尼克(pluronic)等)、POE-POP-烷基醚類(例如POE-POP-十六烷基醚、POE-POP-2-癸基十四烷基醚、POE-POP-單丁醚、POE-POP-氫化羊毛脂、POE-POP-甘油醚等)、四POE-四POP-乙二胺縮合物類(例如tetronic
等)、POE-蓖麻油氫化蓖麻油衍生物(例如POE-蓖麻油、POE-氫化蓖麻油、POE-氫化蓖麻油單異硬脂酸酯、POE-氫化蓖麻油三異硬脂酸酯、POE-氫化蓖麻油單焦麩胺酸單異硬脂酸二酯、POE-氫化蓖麻油順丁烯二酸等)、POE-蜂蠟-羊毛脂衍生物(例如POE-山梨糖醇蜂蠟等)、烷醇醯胺(例如椰子油脂肪酸二乙醇醯胺、月桂酸單乙醇醯胺、脂肪酸異丙醇醯胺等)、POE-丙二醇脂肪酸酯、POE-烷基胺、POE-脂肪酸醯胺、蔗糖脂肪酸酯、烷基乙氧基二甲基氧化胺-磷酸三油酯等。
本發明之水中油型乳化組成物之用途並無特別限定,由於抑制皮膚刺激、且使用感優異,故而可作為皮膚化妝料、毛髮化妝料、皮膚外用劑等而較佳地製品化。
[實施例]
繼而列舉實施例而說明本發明。本發明並不限定於該等實施例。首先表示實施例所使用之共聚物(冠狀核型微凝膠)之製造例。調配量只要無特別說明,則以質量%表示。
<共聚物(冠狀核型微凝膠。有僅稱為「微凝膠」之情形)水分散液之製造例>
本發明所使用之共聚物之冠狀核型微凝膠的聚合係以如下之方法實施。於具備回流管與氮導入管之三口燒瓶中,將PME-400、PME-1000、PME-4000、甲基丙烯酸甲酯(MMA)、甲基丙烯酸正丁酯(nBMA)、甲基丙烯酸2-乙基己酯(EHMA)及乙二醇二甲基丙烯酸酯(EGDMA溶解在水-乙醇混合溶劑100 mL。充分溶解之後,相對於總單體
量,以1 mol%之比例添加2,2'偶氮雙(2-甲基丙脒)二鹽酸鹽,進而使其溶解。將完全變均勻之聚合溶液進行20分鐘氮置換而去除溶氧之後,一面利用磁力攪拌器進行攪拌,一面利用油浴使其保持65℃至70℃ 8小時而使其聚合。聚合結束後,將聚合液恢復至室溫,其後於水中將聚合液透析5日而去除殘存單體,同時將分散液置換為水。
將所使用之各單體之量(g)示於「表1」中,將反應條件示於「表2」中。
於「表1」中,製造例1~10均滿足條件(A)與條件(B)。又,就上述聚合方法而言,於製造例1~10之全部中亦滿足條件(D)。
<冠狀核型微凝膠水分散液中之微凝膠濃度之測定方法>
於鋁皿中精密秤量適量之藉由上述記載的方法獲得之水分散液,並於90℃使其乾燥一晝夜。由乾燥前後之秤量值算出水分散液中所含的冠狀核型微凝膠之濃度。
<粒徑之測定方法>
微凝膠(共聚物)之粒徑的測定係使用Malvern公司製造之Zetasizer進行測定。製作將微凝膠分散液之微凝膠濃度製備為約0.1質量%而成之測定樣品,利用0.45微米之過
濾器去除灰塵之後,以散射角度90°測定25℃下之散射強度,並藉由搭載於測定裝置上之分析軟體算出平均粒徑。粒徑係藉由累積量分析法進行分析。粒徑分析所需之溶劑黏度係使用25℃的純水黏度即0.89 mPas之值。
再者,藉由實施本測定,可確認藉由上述記載之製造方法合成具有粒子形狀之微凝膠。
<微凝膠之粒徑及水分散液中之濃度>
將所獲得之微凝膠的粒徑及水分散液中之濃度(質量%)示於「表3」中。
繼而表示藉由實施例評價之水中油型乳化組成物之製造例及評價方法。調配量只要無特別說明,則以質量%表示。
<水中油型乳化組成物之製備方法>
將多元醇類、增黏劑等各種水相成分添加至純化水中並進行混合。向其中添加分散於另一純化水中之藉由上述製造方法獲得之微凝膠水分散液,並攪拌混合。其中,此時,於高濃度調配冠狀核型微凝膠時,或於油相/水相比較
高且難以於水分散液中調配所需之微凝膠濃度時,將其調配成藉由上述製造方法獲得之微凝膠水分散液冷凍乾燥一天而製成粉末狀之微凝膠。於使微凝膠及水相成分均勻地分散之後,添加油相成分,利用均質混合器進行剪切混合至變為均勻,而獲得水中油型乳化組成物。
只要未作特別記載,則由作為比較製造例所列舉之界面活性劑引起之乳化及由非微凝膠的粉末成分形成之皮克林乳液之製備方法均依據上述方法。即,使界面活性劑或粉末成分溶解或分散於水相中,向其中添加油相成分,而進行利用均質混合器之剪切乳化。
評價(1):乳化穩定性(外觀)
於水中油型乳化組成物製備後1日以內,肉眼觀察水中油型乳化組成物之外觀。
○:試樣均勻,未觀察到油脂上浮或粉末之凝聚。
△:試樣大致均勻,但觀察到稍許油脂上浮等。
×:試樣不均勻,或觀察到顯著之油相之分離或粉末之凝聚。
評價(2):乳化穩定性(乳化粒子)
利用光學顯微鏡觀察試樣之乳化粒子。
○:乳化粒子均勻,未觀察到合一或凝聚。
△:乳化粒子大致均勻,但觀察到稍許合一或凝聚等。
×:乳化粒子不均勻,且觀察到顯著之合一或凝聚。
評價(3):皮膚刺激試驗
於10名官能檢查員之前臂內側部進行24小時之封閉
貼布試驗,其後藉由以下之基準算出平均值。
0…完全未觀察到異常。
1…觀察到稍許發紅。
2…觀察到發紅。
3…觀察到發紅與丘疹。
「皮膚刺激試驗」之評價基準係如下所述。
◎:10名官能檢查員之平均值為0以上且未達0.15
○:10名官能檢查員之平均值為0.15以上且未達0.2
△:10名官能檢查員之平均值為0.2以上且未達0.3
×:10名官能檢查員之平均值為0.3以上
評價(4):塗抹時之水潤感之評價
由10名專業官能檢查員實施各試樣之實際使用試驗。評價基準係如下所述。
◎:8名以上之官能檢查員於塗抹過程中認為水潤。
○:6名以上且未達8名之官能檢查員於塗抹過程中認為水潤。
△:3名以上且未達6名之官能檢查員於塗抹過程中認為水潤。
×:未達3名之官能檢查員於塗抹過程中認為水潤。
評價(5):塗抹時之粗糙感之評價
由10名專業官能檢查員實施各試樣之實際使用試驗。評價基準係如下所述。
◎:8名以上之官能檢查員於塗抹過程中認為平滑。
○:6名以上且未達8名之官能檢查員於塗抹過程中認
為平滑。
△:3名以上且未達6名之官能檢查員於塗抹過程中認為平滑。
×:未達3名之官能檢查員於塗抹過程中認為平滑。
評價(6):塗抹時、塗抹後之粉末感之評價
由10名專業官能檢查員實施各試樣之實際使用試驗。評價基準係如下所述。
◎:8名以上之官能檢查員於塗抹過程中及塗抹後認為無粉末感。
○:6名以上且未達8名之官能檢查員於塗抹過程中及塗抹後認為無粉末感。
△:3名以上且未達6名之官能檢查員於塗抹過程中及塗抹後認為無粉末感。
×:未達3名之官能檢查員於塗抹過程中及塗抹後認為不易起粉。
評價(7):經時穩定性
對於水中油型乳化組成物製備後之組成物,肉眼觀察自製造起歷經1個月後之乳化物之狀態。
◎:組成物保持製造時之乳化狀態。
○:觀察到稍許乳化物之沈澱,但組成物大致保持乳化狀態。
△:乳化粒子沈澱,且亦觀察到粒子之合一。
×:組成物中之乳化粒子沈澱、合一,油相完全分離。
以下,表示藉由上述方法製造之水中油型乳化化妝料
之評價結果。無論製備所使用之微凝膠為水分散液或為冷凍乾燥物,表中之微凝膠調配濃度均以微凝膠原體之純度濃度表示。再者,於調配有微凝膠水分散液之情形時之純度濃度係使用「表3」所示的微凝膠分散液中之微凝膠濃度之值而進行換算。
冠狀核型微凝膠乳化劑之調配
藉由上述方法製造由以下之表4中記載的調配組成所構成之水中油型乳化組成物,對於各試樣,進行與上述評價(1)~(7)相關之評價試驗。
根據表4可知,於試驗例1-1(本發明之實施例)中,調配有製造例1之微凝膠之水中油型乳化組成物表現出優異的乳化穩定性、低皮膚刺激性、優異之使用觸感、及優異之經時穩定性。
另一方面,未調配微凝膠之試驗例1-2(本發明之比較例)之水中油型乳化組成物,為原本無製備水中油型乳液,而其亦無法獲得水潤之使用觸感。
即,可知於由本組成所構成之水中油型乳化組成物中,製造例1之微凝膠係作為乳化性、穩定性及使用觸感優異之乳化劑而發揮作用。
與利用界面活性劑之乳化組成物之比較
繼而,關於作為乳化劑之微凝膠之功能,藉由上述方法製造由表5中記載之調配組成所構成之水中油型乳液而與常用之其他界面活性劑進行比較、評價,對於各試樣,進行與上述評價(1)~(7)相關之評價試驗。
根據表5之結果可知,於試驗例2-1(本發明之實施例)中,調配有製造例2之微凝膠之水中油型乳化組成物表現出優異的乳化穩定性、低皮膚刺激性、優異之使用觸感、及優異之經時穩定性。
另一方面,調配有界面活性劑作為乳化劑之試驗例2-2及2-3(本發明之比較例)之水中油型乳化組成物雖表現出優異之乳化穩定性及經時穩定性,但無水潤感,感到粗糙感,且使用觸感較差。又,於試驗例2-3中,亦觀察到稍許
皮膚刺激性。
與由粉末形成之乳化組成物之比較
關於作為乳化劑之微凝膠之功能,藉由上述方法製造由表6中記載之調配組成所構成之水中油型乳液而與先前之粉末乳化進行比較、評價,對於各試樣,進行與上述評價(1)~(7)相關之評價試驗。
<試驗例3-2之製造方法>
將水相成分、作為粉末成分之被覆有二氧化矽之氧化鋅添加至純化水中並進行混合。向其中添加分散於另一純化水中之硬脂基三甲基氯化銨或二硬脂基二甲基氯化銨,進行加熱超音波處理。於使粉末成分均勻地分散之後,添加剩餘之油相成分,利用混合器進行混合至變為均勻,而獲得水中油型乳液。
根據表6之結果可知,於試驗例3-1(本發明之實施例)中,調配有製造例2之微凝膠之水中油型乳化組成物表現出優異的乳化穩定性、低皮膚刺激性、優異之使用觸感、及優異之經時穩定性。
另一方面,作為乳化劑調配有被覆有二氧化矽之氧化鋅之試驗例3-2(本發明之比較例)及調配有疏水化處理之二氧化矽的試驗例3-3(本發明之比較例)之水中油型乳化組成物雖表現出優異之乳化穩定性、低皮膚刺激性、及優異之經時穩定性,但由於使用粉末作為乳化劑,且用以獲得穩定之水中油型乳化組成物之調配濃度亦較高,故而感到粗糙感及粉末感,使用觸感較差。
油相成分/水相成分比之研究
為了評價使用微凝膠之水中油型乳化組成物中的油相成分及水相成分之調配量,藉由上述方法製造由表7中記載之調配組成所構成之水中油型乳液,對於各試樣,進行與上述評價(1)~(7)相關之評價試驗。
根據表7之結果可知,於試驗例4-1~4-6(本發明之實施例)中,調配有製造例3之微凝膠之油相成分/水相成分比不同之乳液均表現出優異的乳化穩定性、低皮膚刺激性、優異之使用觸感、及優異之經時穩定性。
再者,可知於油相成分/水相成分比為90/10、油分濃度極高之試驗例4-6中,雖可觀察到稍許乳化穩定性及經時穩定性之下降,但由本發明中之共聚物(微凝膠)引起之乳化可穩定地將範圍極寬之油相成分/水相成分比之組成製成水中油型乳化組成物。
共聚物(微凝膠)之調配量
為了評價本發明之水中油型乳化組成物中的共聚物(微凝膠)之調配量,藉由上述方法製造由以下之表8中記載之調配組成所構成的試驗例之水中油型乳液,對於各試樣,進行與上述評價(1)~(7)相關之評價試驗。
根據表8之結果可知,於試驗例5-1~5-5(本發明之實施例)中,製造例4之微凝膠調配量不同之乳液均表現出優異的乳化穩定性、低皮膚刺激性、優異之使用觸感、
及優異之經時穩定性。
另一方面,於製造例4之調配濃度極低為0.05%之試驗例5-6(本發明之實施例)中,觀察到稍許乳化穩定性及經時穩定性之下降。又,試驗例5-1雖為優異之使用觸感,但因微凝膠調配濃度為5%之高濃度,故而有感到稍許粗糙感或粉末感之傾向。
共聚物(微凝膠)組成之評價
為了評價本發明之水中油型乳化組成物中之共聚物(冠狀核型微凝膠)之組成,製造表9及表10中記載之共聚物(微凝膠)。製造方法及粒徑之測定方法係依據上述方法。
共聚物(微凝膠)組成之評價(1)巨分子單體鏈長
為了評價本發明之水中油型乳化組成物中之共聚物(微凝膠)結構之巨分子單體組成,藉由上述方法製造由以下之表11中記載之調配組成所構成的試驗例之水中油型乳液,對於各試樣,進行與上述評價(1)~(7)相關之評價試驗。
根據表11之結果可知,於試驗例6-3~6-8(本發明之實施例)中,調配有巨分子單體的聚氧乙烯鏈長不同之微凝膠之乳液均表現出優異的乳化穩定性、低皮膚刺激性、優異之使用觸感、及優異之經時穩定性。於調配有藉由聚氧乙烯鏈長較短之(聚氧乙烯部分子量:約200)巨分子單體而製造之比較製造例1的微凝膠之試驗例6-1及6-2(本發明之比較例)中,乳化穩定性較低,於油相調配量較高之試驗例6-2中,亦無法獲得穩定之乳化組成物。
共聚物(微凝膠)組成之評價(2)交聯密度
為了對本發明之水中油型乳化組成物中的共聚物(冠狀核型微凝膠)結構之交聯密度進行評價,藉由上述方法製造由以下之表12中記載之調配組成所構成的試驗例之水中油型乳液,對於各試樣,進行與上述評價(1)~(7)相關之評價試驗。
根據表12之結果可知,於試驗例7-1~7-3(本發明之實施例)中,調配有交聯密度不同之微凝膠之乳液均表現出優異的乳化穩定性、低皮膚刺激性、優異之使用觸感、及優異之經時穩定性。於調配有交聯密度較高之比較製造例2之微凝膠的試驗例7-4(本發明之比較例)中,有乳化
穩定性較低、使用觸感亦稍差之傾向。於調配有交聯密度較低之比較例3之微凝膠的試驗例7-5(本發明之比較例)中,使用觸感雖優異,但有乳化穩定性極低之傾向。
共聚物(微凝膠)組成之評價(3)巨分子單體/疏水性單體比
為了對本發明之水中油型乳化組成物中的共聚物(微凝膠)結構之巨分子單體/疏水性單體比進行評價,藉由上述方法製造由以下之表13中記載之調配組成所構成的試驗例之水中油型乳液,對於各試樣,進行與上述評價(1)~(7)相關之評價試驗。
根據表13之結果可知,於試驗例8-1~8-3(本發明之實施例)中,調配有巨分子單體/疏水性單體比不同之微凝膠之乳液均表現出優異的乳化穩定性、低皮膚刺激性、優異之使用觸感、及優異之經時穩定性。疏水性單體比較高之比較製造例4之微凝膠中,微凝膠製造本身亦並非良好,於調配有該微凝膠之試驗例8-4(本發明之比較例)中,亦
無法製備水中油型乳液。疏水性單體比較低之比較製造例5之微凝膠亦相同,微凝膠製造本身亦並非良好,於調配有該微凝膠之試驗例8-5(本發明之比較例)中,亦有乳化穩定性較低之傾向。
評價(8):香味之持續效果
將一定量之試樣塗抹於皮膚上,由專業官能檢查員評價1小時後之香味之強度。
◎:較濃
○:稍濃
△:既不濃亦不淡(通常水準)
×:較淡
根據表14之結果可知,於試驗例9-1~9-4(本發明之
實施例)中,調配有冠狀核型微凝膠乳化劑之製造例1之微凝膠的水中油型乳化組成物表現出優異之乳化穩定性、低皮膚刺激性、優異之使用觸感、優異之經時穩定性及香味之持續效果。
另一方面,於調配有界面活性劑之聚氧乙烯(60)氫化蓖麻油作為乳化劑之試驗例9-5(本發明之比較例)中,無法獲得使香料成分乳化而成之基劑,其基劑穩定性及使用觸感較差,亦無法觀察到香味之持續效果。又,於調配有疏水化處理之二氧化矽作為乳化劑且香料成分合計為10%之試驗例9-5(本發明之比較例)中,雖可獲得乳化基劑,但經時穩定性較差。亦感到源自粉末之粉末感或粗糙感。進而,於香料成分合計為20%之試驗例9-6(本發明之比較例)中,亦無法獲得使香料成分乳化而成之基劑。進而,於試驗例9-6及9-7(本發明之比較例)之任一者中,均無法觀察到香味之持續效果。
以下,列舉調配有本發明之水中油型乳化組成物的各種化妝料之配方例,但本發明並不限定於該等。藉由以下之配方例獲得之化妝料均係乳化穩定性較高、皮膚刺激性較低、使用觸感優異者。再者,實施例中之微凝膠調配量係進行純度換算而得之值。
(實施例1:乳液)
(實施例2:保濕乳霜)
(實施例3:潔面乳)
(實施例4:防曬乳液)
(實施例5:潔面啫喱)
(實施例6:髮乳)
(實施例7:造型霜)
(實施例8:護髮油乳霜)
(實施例9:護髮乳)
(實施例10:乳化粉底)
製造例2之微凝膠 2.5
(配方例1:花香系調合香料B)
(實施例11:水系香氛)
[產業上之可利用性]
根據本發明,藉由將冠型微凝膠用作乳化劑,可提供一種乳化穩定性及使用感優異之水中油型乳化組成物。本發明之水中油型乳化組成物由於具有優異之使用感,故而尤其用作化妝料。
圖1係表示本發明之冠狀核型微凝膠乳化劑之微凝膠的形成機制之示意圖。
Claims (5)
- 一種水中油型皮克林乳液,其含有下述成分:冠狀核型微凝膠乳化劑;油相成分;及水相成分;其中冠狀核型微凝膠乳化劑係於下述(A)及(B)之條件下使下述式(1)之聚環氧乙烷巨分子單體、下述式(2)之疏水性單體及下述式(3)之交聯性單體進行聚合而獲得之共聚物所構成;(A)以上述聚環氧乙烷巨分子單體之添加莫耳量/上述疏水性單體之添加莫耳量表示之莫耳比為1:10~1:250;(B)相對於上述疏水性單體之添加量,上述交聯性單體之添加量為0.1~1.5質量%;
- 如申請專利範圍第1項之水中油型皮克林乳液,其中,進而附加下述(C)、(D)之條件,使下述式(1)之聚環氧乙烷巨分子單體、下述式(2)之疏水性單體及下述式(3)之交聯性單體於水-乙醇混合溶劑中進行自由基聚合而獲得構成申請專利範圍第1項之冠狀核型微凝膠乳化劑的共聚物;(C)下述式(2)之疏水性單體係混合具有R3為碳原子數1~8之烷基的甲基丙烯酸衍生物之一種或兩種以上而成之單體組成;(D)以20℃之容積比計,水-乙醇混合溶劑為水:乙 醇=90~30:10~70;
- 如申請專利範圍第1或2項之水中油型皮克林乳液,其含有香料作為(b)油相成分。
- 一種冠狀核型微凝膠的用途,其係作為用於製造含有油相成分及水相成分的水中油型皮克林乳液的乳化劑,其中冠狀核型微凝膠乳化劑係於下述(A)及(B)之條件下使下述式(1)之聚環氧乙烷巨分子單體、下述式(2)之疏水性單體及下述式(3)之交聯性單體進行聚合而獲得之共聚物所構成;(A)以上述聚環氧乙烷巨分子單體之添加莫耳量/上述疏水性單體之添加莫耳量表示之莫耳比為1:10~1:250;(B)相對於上述疏水性單體之添加量,上述交聯性單體之添加量為0.1~1.5質量%;
- 一種製造申請專利範圍第1至3項中任一項的水中油型皮克林乳液的方法,其包含如下步驟:使冠狀核型微凝膠乳化劑混合且分散於水或水相成分,添加所述油相成分及其他成分,及藉攪拌及施加剪切力而使混合物乳化,其中冠狀核型微凝膠乳化劑係於下述(A)及(B)之條件下使下述式(1)之聚環氧乙烷巨分子單體、下述式(2)之疏水性單體及下述式(3)之交聯性單體進行聚合而獲得之共聚物所構成; (A)以上述聚環氧乙烷巨分子單體之添加莫耳量/上述疏水性單體之添加莫耳量表示之莫耳比為1:10~1:250;(B)相對於上述疏水性單體之添加量,上述交聯性單體之添加量為0.1~1.5質量%;
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JP6389047B2 (ja) * | 2014-03-10 | 2018-09-12 | 株式会社アリミノ | 毛髪および肌用化粧料 |
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KR101757245B1 (ko) * | 2015-07-28 | 2017-07-13 | 한국과학기술원 | 피커링 에멀젼 및 그 제조 방법 |
JP6949714B2 (ja) * | 2015-09-30 | 2021-10-13 | 株式会社 資生堂 | 水中油中粉体型組成物 |
JP7088830B2 (ja) * | 2016-04-28 | 2022-06-21 | 株式会社 資生堂 | 水中油型乳化化粧料 |
BR112019005771B1 (pt) * | 2016-09-27 | 2022-08-16 | Shiseido Company, Ltd | Matéria-prima cosmética utilizando micropartículas do tipo núcleo-coroa, emulsificante, cosméticos de emulsão do tipo óleo-em-água e agente de opacificação |
CN109843261A (zh) * | 2016-10-20 | 2019-06-04 | 株式会社资生堂 | 水包油型乳化组合物 |
JP6985025B2 (ja) * | 2017-03-29 | 2021-12-22 | 株式会社 資生堂 | 水中油型化粧料 |
JP7018723B2 (ja) * | 2017-07-28 | 2022-02-14 | ポーラ化成工業株式会社 | 乳化組成物 |
JP6968628B2 (ja) * | 2017-09-04 | 2021-11-17 | ポーラ化成工業株式会社 | 乳化組成物 |
JP7126345B2 (ja) * | 2017-11-20 | 2022-08-26 | ポーラ化成工業株式会社 | 乳化組成物、その製造方法、評価方法及び設計方法、並びに高分子乳化剤 |
TW201940152A (zh) * | 2018-03-23 | 2019-10-16 | 日商資生堂股份有限公司 | 使用芯-冕型聚合物粒子之化妝料用原料及水中油型乳化化妝料 |
TW201940158A (zh) | 2018-03-23 | 2019-10-16 | 日商資生堂股份有限公司 | 芯-冕型聚合物粒子 |
EP3770194A4 (en) * | 2018-03-23 | 2021-12-15 | Shiseido Company, Ltd. | COSMETIC INGREDIENT WITH CORE-CROWN POLYMER PARTICLES AND COSMETIC OIL-IN-WATER EMULSION |
TW201945410A (zh) * | 2018-03-23 | 2019-12-01 | 日商資生堂股份有限公司 | 使用芯-冕型聚合物粒子之化妝料用原料及水中油型乳化化妝料 |
JP7237463B2 (ja) * | 2018-05-24 | 2023-03-13 | ポーラ化成工業株式会社 | アクリル系ポリマー含有ピッカリングエマルション |
WO2020075666A1 (ja) | 2018-10-09 | 2020-04-16 | 株式会社 資生堂 | 油中水型乳化組成物 |
WO2021125219A1 (ja) * | 2019-12-19 | 2021-06-24 | 株式会社 資生堂 | 水中油型乳化組成物 |
WO2022210144A1 (ja) * | 2021-03-31 | 2022-10-06 | 株式会社 資生堂 | 水中油型化粧料 |
CN115120520B (zh) * | 2022-05-06 | 2024-07-19 | 彭氏(惠州)实业发展有限公司 | 包含桃金娘酮的化妆品组合物及其化妆品用途 |
WO2023219108A1 (ja) * | 2022-05-13 | 2023-11-16 | 株式会社 資生堂 | 水中油型組成物 |
CN117229788A (zh) * | 2023-09-15 | 2023-12-15 | 深圳市荣强科技有限公司 | 一种低温条件下稳定性优良的乳化表面活性剂及其制备方法 |
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BR112014013988B1 (pt) | 2020-09-24 |
KR20140113900A (ko) | 2014-09-25 |
WO2013094298A1 (ja) | 2013-06-27 |
US9539554B2 (en) | 2017-01-10 |
EP2796193A1 (en) | 2014-10-29 |
JP5207424B1 (ja) | 2013-06-12 |
US20140343170A1 (en) | 2014-11-20 |
EP2796193A4 (en) | 2016-01-20 |
US20160001244A1 (en) | 2016-01-07 |
TW201334794A (zh) | 2013-09-01 |
IN2014MN01000A (zh) | 2015-05-22 |
ES2705999T3 (es) | 2019-03-27 |
BR112014013988A2 (pt) | 2017-06-13 |
EP2796193B1 (en) | 2018-12-05 |
JP2013147486A (ja) | 2013-08-01 |
CN104159662A (zh) | 2014-11-19 |
HK1200397A1 (zh) | 2015-08-07 |
KR101969984B1 (ko) | 2019-04-17 |
RU2607088C1 (ru) | 2017-01-10 |
US9539553B2 (en) | 2017-01-10 |
CN104159662B (zh) | 2016-05-11 |
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