CN104159662A - 冠-核型微凝胶乳化剂和水包油型乳化组合物 - Google Patents
冠-核型微凝胶乳化剂和水包油型乳化组合物 Download PDFInfo
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- CN104159662A CN104159662A CN201280062859.4A CN201280062859A CN104159662A CN 104159662 A CN104159662 A CN 104159662A CN 201280062859 A CN201280062859 A CN 201280062859A CN 104159662 A CN104159662 A CN 104159662A
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Abstract
本发明为冠-核型微凝胶乳化剂,其由将聚环氧乙烷大分子单体、疏水性单体和交联性单体在特定条件下进行聚合而得的共聚物构成,以及水包油型乳化组合物,其特征在于该冠-核型微凝胶乳化剂和使用该乳化剂进行了乳化。本发明的目的在于提供用于制造具有优异的乳化稳定性、经时稳定性、低皮肤刺激性,没有涂敷时的发粘,水嫩而没有粉末感和粗糙(きしみ)感,进而香味的持续效果也优异的水包油型乳化组合物的新型的冠-核型微凝胶乳化剂和用该乳化剂进行乳化而得的水包油型乳化组合物。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及冠-核型微凝胶乳化剂和用该乳化剂进行乳化而得的水包油型乳化组合物。更详细地,涉及能够制造乳化稳定性和使用感优异的水包油型乳化组合物的新型的乳化剂和该水包油型乳化组合物。
背景技术
为了使某种液体在其它液体中稳定地分散,通常需要添加表面活性化物质(乳化剂)。乳化剂具有两亲性的分子结构,由极性(亲水性)和非极性(疏水性)分子部分构成,它们在空间上相互分离。
用于化妆品等中的水包油型乳液通过所添加的表面活性剂的乳化作用而使水性成分和油性成分稳定地混合。即,一般认为油相的微小分散液滴被乳化剂的壳所包围,外相成为水相的连续相,因而赋予水嫩触感的使用感优异。
另一方面,近年来随着更重视安全性的消费者的增加,高度过敏的使用者对不含有可能会偶尔感到刺激的表面活性剂、或者制成不会赋予这类刺激程度的含量的水包油型乳液的要求越来越高。
在不使用表面活性剂的情形下通过使粉末吸附于表面而制备的乳液,以往已知为皮克林乳液(Pickering emulsion)。
20世纪初期,皮克林(Pickering)制备了仅添加各种胶体固体,例如,碱性硫酸铜、碱性硫酸铁或硫酸的金属盐即使之稳定化的链烷烃/水乳液。因此该类型的乳液被称为皮克林乳液。对于该类型的乳液的稳定性,皮克林公开了以下条件。(1)仅在固体粒子显著小于内部相的液滴、且没有凝集块形成的倾向时,固体粒子变得适于稳定化。(2)乳液稳定化胶体固体的重要特性还在于其湿润性。为了将O/W乳液稳定化,胶体固体例如并非是在水中较在油中更容易被湿润化。
皮克林乳液的原形是在最初工业流程的多种情形,例如,石油的二次回收、从沥青砂提取沥青、以及含有2种非混合性液体和微小分散固体粒子的其它分离步骤中,作为不期望的次要的影响而表面化的。因此,对应的体系,例如,油/水/煤烟(soot)或油/水/板岩(slate)粉尘体系的调查是最初研究活动的焦点。
皮克林乳液可见于多种天然和工业步骤,例如,原油回收、油分离、化妆品、和废水处理。
关于皮克林乳液的制备,迄今为止报道有许多研究成果(例如非专利文献1),在香料化妆品(香粧品)领域中也提出了对其的利用(参照专利文献1~3)。
然而,将乳液适用于香料化妆品时所必需的能够满足针对各种环境下的温度或搅拌的稳定性的水包油型皮克林乳液的制备非常困难。例如,如上述的水包油型皮克林乳液的情形,通常时,粉体吸附于表面、使乳化粒子稳定地分散于乳液中,但在输送时等乳液受到搅拌时,则乳化粒子彼此碰撞,并且暂时变形,从而出现粉体未吸附着的表面。此时,存在呈显露状的表面彼此合一而引起凝集的情形。所以,以往的水包油型皮克林乳液在乳化稳定性方面很难说作为化妆品等产品经得住充分使用。
因此,近年来报道有通过将特定的阳离子性表面活性剂、多元醇和粉末组合使用,可将含有神经酰胺等两亲性脂质的油相乳化而得到稳定的水包油型乳化组合物(参照专利文献4)。
然而,对于专利文献4,两亲性物质成为必需,且与表面活性剂形成液晶结构(α凝胶),由此实现了体系的稳定,但在使用时有发粘的倾向。迄今为止虽然报道有为了得到皮克林乳液而微量配合两亲性物质的技术(例如非专利文献2),但仍难以得到满足作为香料化妆品的充分稳定性的产品,另外也产生两亲性物质所致的制剂的发粘感等新的使用感觉上的问题。
另外,在专利文献5中,报道了通过配合特定量的粉末、油相成分、水相成分、含双链烷基的阳离子性表面活性剂,可获得具有优异的乳化稳定性、没有发粘感、刺激性低的水包油型乳液。另外,在专利文献5所述的发明中,还发现在水包油型乳液的制造中,通过将针对粉末的阳离子性表面活性剂处理加入乳化组合物的制造步骤中,可以简便地得到前述水包油型乳化组合物。
然而,这些皮克林乳液中用作乳化剂的粉末主要是无机粉体(专利文献1:聚烷基倍半硅氧烷粒子,专利文献2:金属氧化物,专利文献3:二氧化硅・二氧化钛・氧化锌,专利文献4:无机粉体等,专利文献5:、疏水化处理微粒子二氧化钛、氧化铁红、氧化铁黄、氧化铁黑和氧化铝),而且这些粉体的乳化能力仍然比表面活性剂差,因此与以往的表面活性剂相比,需要更高浓度的配合。
结果,无法避免来源于粉末的粗糙感或粉末感、涂敷后的发白等,大都使用感差。
在专利文献6中,报道了使用球状有机粒子作为乳化剂的皮克林乳液,但需要与弹性体性有机聚硅氧烷一同配合十几%以上,并未达到降低粉末感的目的。
在专利文献7中,报道了通过使用疏水蛋白作为乳化剂,可获得疏水性单体的乳浊液(皮克林乳液)。在非专利文献3中,报道了通过使用类黄酮作为乳化剂,可获得皮克林乳液。然而,疏水蛋白之类的蛋白质或类黄酮的使用存在过敏等忧虑,因而在作为皮肤外用剂的用途中问题多。
另一方面,冠-核型微凝胶的制造方法报道于专利文献8、非专利文献4。另外,在专利文献9中,对配合了冠-核型微凝胶的化妆品进行了发明。然而,专利文献9中提出的是将冠-核型微凝胶制为用于提供白浊化妆品的白浊剂。作为实施例也大部分为洗剂或化妆水等水系基剂的化妆品,冠-核型微凝胶并未用作乳化剂,冠-核型微凝胶的作为用于制造水包油型乳化组合物的乳化剂的用途是新颖的。继而,在本发明中,发现冠-核型微凝胶是作为乳化剂发挥功能,使用该乳化剂得到的稳定性和使用感优异的水包油型乳化组合物是新颖的发明。
现有技术文献
专利文献
专利文献1:日本专利第2656226号公报
专利文献2:日本特表2001-518111号公报
专利文献3:日本特开2007-332037号公报
专利文献4:日本特开2006-36763号公报
专利文献5:日本特开2008-291026号公报
专利文献6:日本特开平11-158030号公报
专利文献7:日本特表2009-501256号公报
专利文献8:日本特开2006-161026号公报
专利文献9:日本专利第4577721号公报
非专利文献
非专利文献1:B.Binks et.al, Advances in Colloid and Interface Science,100-102(2003).
非专利文献2:Mukul M,Sharma et.al,Journal of Colloid and Interface Science,157,244-253(1993).
非专利文献3:J. Agric.Food Chem.,59,2636-2645(2011).
非专利文献4:J. Colloid Interface Sci., 274, 49(2004)。
发明内容
发明要解决的技术问题
本发明是鉴于上述情况而进行的发明,其目的是开发新的乳化剂,提供乳化稳定性优异,皮肤刺激性低,水嫩感优异,进而来源于粉末的粗糙感和粉末感少的水包油型乳化组合物。
用于解决技术问题的手段
即,本发明提供由共聚物构成的冠-核型微凝胶乳化剂,该共聚物的特征在于,在下述(A)和(B)的条件下,对下述式(1)的聚氧乙烯醚大分子单体、下述式(2)的疏水性单体和下述式(3)的交联性单体进行聚合而得,
(A)由前述聚氧乙烯醚大分子单体的添加摩尔量/前述疏水性单体的添加摩尔量所示的摩尔比为1∶10~1∶250;
(B)前述交联性单体的添加量相对于前述疏水性单体的添加量为0.1~1.5质量%;
[化1]
(1)
R1表示碳原子数1~3的烷基,n为8~200的数;X表示H或CH3;
[化2]
(2)
R2表示碳原子数1~3的烷基,R3表示碳原子数1~12的烷基;
[化3]
(3)
R4与R5各自独立地表示碳原子数1~3的烷基,m为0~2的数。
另外,本发明还提供上述的冠-核型微凝胶乳化剂,其由进一步增加下述(C)、(D)的条件,将下述式(1)的聚氧乙烯醚大分子单体、下述式(2)的疏水性单体和下述式(3)的交联性单体在水-乙醇混合溶剂中进行自由基聚合而得的共聚物构成,
(C)下述式(2)的疏水性单体是将具有碳原子数1~8的烷基的甲基丙烯酸衍生物的一种或二种以上混合而成的单体组成;
(D)以20℃的容积比计,水-乙醇混合溶剂为水∶乙醇=90~30∶10~70;
[化4]
(1)
R1表示碳原子数1~3的烷基,n为8~200的数;X表示H或CH3;
[化5]
(2)
R2表示碳原子数1~3的烷基,R3表示碳原子数1~12的烷基;
[化6]
(3)
R4与R5各自独立地表示碳原子数1~3的烷基,m为0~2的数。
进而,本发明还提供水包油型乳化组合物,其特征在于,含有上述的(a)冠-核型微凝胶乳化剂、(b)油相成分和(c)水相成分。
另外,本发明还提供水包油型乳化组合物,其特征在于,在上述的水包油型乳化组合物中,含有香料作为(b)油相成分。
发明效果
根据本发明,可以简便地得到乳化性、乳化稳定性、使用感优异的冠-核型微凝胶乳化剂和水包油型乳化组合物。
(1)本发明的冠-核型微凝胶乳化剂和使用该乳化剂而成的水包油型乳化组合物的乳化性极其优异。即使冠-核型微凝胶乳化剂的配合量少也可得到良好的水包油型乳化组合物。另外,即使油相成分/水相成分的比率高(即使油相成分的量多)也可得到良好的水包油型乳化组合物。
(2)本发明的冠-核型微凝胶乳化剂和使用该乳化剂而成的水包油型乳化组合物的乳化稳定性优异。由于不会像以往的皮克林乳液那样因搅拌或振动等使乳化状态受损,而像以往通过表面活性剂得到的乳化物那样由温度引起的表面活性剂的物性变化少,因而温度稳定性也良好。
(3)使用本发明的冠-核型微凝胶乳化剂而成的水包油型乳化组合物的使用感优异。可见于以往的皮克林乳液的来源于粉末的粗糙感或粉末感少,另外,不存在可见于以往由表面活性剂而得的乳化物中的来源于表面活性剂的发粘,而且水嫩感也优异。另外,本发明的水包油型乳化组合物的皮肤刺激性也得到抑制。进而,在配合了香料作为油相成分时,可提供香味的持续性优异的水包油型乳化组合物。
附图说明
[图1]图1是示出本发明的冠-核型微凝胶乳化剂的微凝胶的生成机理的模式图。
具体实施方式
以下,对本发明的实施方式进行说明。
“(a)对于构成本发明冠-核型微凝胶乳化剂的共聚物”
本发明的冠-核型微凝胶乳化剂是由将式(1)~(3)所示单体聚合而得的共聚物构成的微凝胶。由该共聚物构成的微凝胶的制造方法报道于上述专利文献8、非专利文献4中。
式(1)的聚氧乙烯醚大分子单体可以使用例如由Aldrich公司市售的试剂,或由日油售卖的BLEMMER(注册商标)等市售品。
本发明中使用的式(1)的聚氧乙烯醚部分的分子量(即n的值)为n=8~200的范围。优选例如,日油制BLEMMER(注册商标)PME400、BLEMMER(注册商标)PME1000或BLEMMER(注册商标)PME4000等市售品。
[化1]
(1)
R1表示碳原子数1~3的烷基,n为8~200的数;X表示H或CH3;
式(2)的疏水性单体可以使用例如由Aldrich公司或东京化成公司市售的试剂。式(2)的R3的烷基链进一步优选为碳原子数1~8的烷基。
[化2]
(2)
R2表示碳原子数1~3的烷基,R3表示碳原子数1~12的烷基;
具体地,式(2)为丙烯酸甲酯、丙烯酸乙酯、丙烯酸丙酯、丙烯酸丁酯、丙烯酸戊酯、丙烯酸己酯、丙烯酸庚酯、丙烯酸辛酯、丙烯酸癸酯、丙烯酸十二烷基酯、甲基丙烯酸甲酯、甲基丙烯酸乙酯、甲基丙烯酸丙酯、甲基丙烯酸丁酯、甲基丙烯酸戊酯、甲基丙烯酸己酯、甲基丙烯酸庚酯、甲基丙烯酸辛酯、甲基丙烯酸癸酯、甲基丙烯酸十二烷基酯等。特别优选甲基丙烯酸甲酯、甲基丙烯酸丁酯、甲基丙烯酸辛酯。
这些疏水性单体是通用原料,可作为一般工业原料容易地获得。
式(3)的交联性单体可作为市售的试剂或工业用原料获得。该交联性单体优选为疏水性。
式(3)的m的值优选为0~2。具体地,优选由Aldrich公司售卖的乙二醇二甲基丙烯酸酯(以下,有时简称为EGDMA)、日油制BLEMMER(注册商标)PDE-50等。
[化3]
(3)
R4与R5各自独立地表示碳原子数1~3的烷基,m为0~2的数。
构成本发明中使用的冠-核型微凝胶的共聚物是利用任意的聚合方法根据以下(A)和(B)的条件将上述单体共聚而成的。
(A)由前述聚氧乙烯醚大分子单体的添加摩尔量/前述疏水性单体的添加摩尔量所示的摩尔比为1∶10~1∶250;
(B)前述交联性单体的添加量相对于前述疏水性单体的添加量为0.1~1.5质量%;
应予说明,本发明中将“相对于前述疏水性单体的添加量的前述交联性单体的添加量”定义为交联密度(质量%)。对于本发明中使用的共聚物(微凝胶)的交联密度,根据(B)的条件,前述交联性单体的添加量相对于前述疏水性单体的添加量必须为0.1~1.5质量%。
本发明中,优选除了上述(A)和(B)的条件之外,还进一步增加下述(C)和(D)的条件,将式(1)~(3)的单体在水-乙醇混合溶剂中进行自由基聚合而得的共聚物(微凝胶)。
(C)式(2)的疏水性单体是将具有碳原子数1~8的烷基的甲基丙烯酸衍生物的一种或二种以上混合而成的单体组成。
(D)以20℃的容积比计,水-乙醇混合溶剂为水∶乙醇=90~30∶10~70;
(A)条件的聚氧乙烯醚大分子单体和疏水性单体的添加摩尔量在聚氧乙烯醚大分子单体∶疏水性单体=1∶10~1∶250(摩尔比)的范围,则可以聚合冠-核型微凝胶。
聚氧乙烯醚大分子单体的添加量以摩尔比计若低于疏水性单体的10分之1,则要聚合的聚合物成为水溶性,不会形成冠-核型微凝胶。另外,相对于聚氧乙烯醚大分子单体的摩尔量,若疏水性单体为250倍以上,则由聚氧乙烯醚大分子单体实现的分散稳定化变得不完全,由不溶性的疏水性单体形成的疏水性聚合物发生凝集、沉淀。聚氧乙烯醚大分子单体和疏水性单体的添加摩尔比优选为1∶10~1∶200的范围。进一步优选为1∶25至1∶100的范围。
根据(B)条件,通过将交联性单体共聚,可以将交联有核部分的疏水性聚合物的微凝胶聚合。
交联性单体的添加量若小于疏水性单体的添加量的0.1质量%,则交联密度低,该微凝胶会在膨润时崩溃。另外若高于1.5质量%,则发生微凝胶粒子彼此的凝集,无法将粒度分布狭窄的优选微凝胶粒子聚合。优选的交联性单体的添加量为0.2~1.0、进一步优选0.2~0.8、最优选0.2~0.5质量%。
本发明中,(C)条件的式(2)的疏水性单体优选为将具有碳原子数1~8的烷基的甲基丙烯酸衍生物的一种或二种以上混合而成的单体组成。若碳原子数为0(为无末端酯键的单体的情形),则有单体过于亲水而无法良好地进行乳化聚合的情形。另一方面,若碳原子数为9以上,则有成为聚合时的空间位阻而无法良好地构建交联结构的情形。
对于(D)条件,作为聚合溶剂的水/乙醇的混合比中,水-乙醇混合溶剂为水∶乙醇=90~30∶10~70(20℃的容积比)。
为了将疏水性单体均匀地溶解,聚合溶剂优选加入乙醇。乙醇的混合比为10~70容量比。乙醇的混合比低于10容量比时,难以使疏水性单体可溶化,要聚合的微凝胶粒子的粒度分布变宽。另外,乙醇的混合比若高于70容量比,则要聚合的聚合物会溶解于聚合溶剂中,得不到微凝胶粒子。
对于进一步优选的水/乙醇的混合比,水-乙醇混合溶剂为水∶乙醇=90~60∶10~40(20℃的容积比)。特别优选水∶乙醇=80~70∶20~30(20℃的容积比)。
该聚合体系中使用的聚合引发剂可以使用通常的水溶性热自由基聚合中所用的市售聚合引发剂。该聚合体系中,在不特别严格地控制搅拌条件的情形下进行聚合,也可以得到要聚合的微凝胶粒子的粒度分布非常狭窄的微凝胶粒子。
应予说明,以往由合成高分子得到的微凝胶均是应用高分子电解质、例如聚丙烯酸而成的,其在水中的分散性方面,不具有耐酸性、耐盐性。然而,作为药品、化妆品的配合成分考虑应用时,对于生理条件下的适应方面,耐酸性、耐盐性是非常重要的性能。本发明的上述微凝胶是经作为非离子性高分子的聚氧乙烯醚链稳定化的微凝胶,其在水中的分散稳定性可期待耐酸性、耐盐性。
另外,已知有利用应用了含有水溶性高分子结构的大分子单体的大分子单体法的高分子微粒子聚合方法,但还未知应用该方法由交联性单体将核部分交联而制造微凝胶的方法。
对于本发明中使用的微凝胶,认为亲水性大分子单体和疏水性单体在溶剂中如图1所示地发生秩序化,生成粒径大致恒定、且核部分经交联的冠-核型高分子微凝胶。
继而,认为该冠-核型微凝胶作为优异的皮克林乳液乳化剂而发挥功能。
以上是用于本发明的冠-核型微凝胶乳化剂的共聚物的说明。以往并无将冠-核型微凝胶作为乳化剂使用的情形,本发明是冠-核型微凝胶作为乳化剂的用途发明。
本发明的冠-核型微凝胶乳化剂,将油相成分和水相成分乳化,而形成具有冠-核型微凝胶乳化剂吸附在分散于水相成分中的油相成分的油滴上的结构的水包油型乳化组合物。因此,本发明的冠-核型微凝胶乳化剂的乳化能力优异,另外,若将本发明的冠-核型微凝胶乳化剂作为乳化剂使用,则可以制造乳化稳定性极其优异的水包油型乳化组合物。
本发明的水包油型乳化组合物可通过下述方法制造:使由该共聚物构成的冠-核型微凝胶乳化剂混合分散于水或水相成分中,进而通过常法添加油相成分和其它成分,并施加搅拌和剪切力进行乳化。
即,本发明的水包油型乳化组合物具有可通过极其简单的制造工艺来生产的优异的商业价值。
本发明中作为乳化剂使用的冠-核型微凝胶乳化剂理想的是相对于水包油型乳化组合物的总量通常以0.01~10质量%的范围配合,优选设为0.1~10质量%的范围。
微凝胶的配合量若小于0.01质量%,则难以得到稳定的水包油型乳化组合物,若为超过10质量%的配合量,则高温条件下的长期保存中,从稳定性观点出发,有作为化妆品不优选的情形、或使用感不良的情形。
“(b)对于本发明的水包油型乳化组合物中使用的油相成分”
对于本发明的水包油型乳化组合物中所含的油相成分,可举出通常化妆品、准药品等中所使用的烃油、高级脂肪酸、高级醇、合成酯油、硅油、液体油脂、固体油脂、蜡类等,可使用一种或二种以上的油性成分。
应予说明,油相成分没有特别限制,相对于水包油型乳化组合物总量,优选配合5~90质量%、进一步优选配合10~80质量%。
作为烃油,可举出例如异十二烷、异十六烷、异链烷烃、液体石蜡、地蜡、角鲨烷、姥鲛烷、石蜡、精制地蜡、角鲨烯、凡士林、微晶蜡等。
作为高级脂肪酸,可举出例如月桂酸、肉豆蔻酸、棕榈酸、硬脂酸、山嵛酸、油酸、十一碳烯酸、妥尔酸(トール酸)、异硬脂酸、亚油酸、亚麻酸(リノレイン酸)、二十碳五烯酸(EPA)、二十二碳六烯酸(DHA)等。
作为高级醇,可举出例如直链醇(例如,月桂醇、十六烷醇、硬脂醇、山嵛醇、肉豆蔻醇、油醇、鲸脂醇等)、支链醇(例如,单硬脂基甘油醚(鲨肝醇)-2-癸基十四烷醇、羊毛脂醇、胆甾醇、植物甾醇、己基十二烷醇、异硬脂醇、辛基十二烷醇等)等。
作为合成酯油,可举出例如辛酸辛酯、壬酸壬酯、辛酸十二烷基酯、肉豆蔻酸异丙酯、肉豆蔻酸辛基十二烷基酯、棕榈酸异丙酯、硬脂酸丁酯、月桂酸己酯、肉豆蔻酸肉豆蔻酯、油酸癸酯、二甲基辛酸己基癸酯、乳酸十六烷基酯、乳酸肉豆蔻酯、乙酸羊毛脂、硬脂酸异十六烷基酯、异硬脂酸异十六烷基酯、12-羟基硬脂酸胆固醇酯、二-2-乙基己酸乙二醇酯、二季戊四醇脂肪酸酯、单异硬脂酸N-烷基二醇酯、二癸酸新戊二醇酯、特戊酸三丙二醇酯、苹果酸二异硬脂基酯、二-2-庚基十一烷酸甘油酯、二异硬脂酸甘油酯、三羟甲基丙烷三(2-乙基己酸)酯、三羟甲基丙烷三异硬脂酸酯、四(2-乙基己酸)季戊四醇酯、三(2-乙基己酸)甘油酯、三辛酸甘油酯、三异棕榈酸甘油酯、三羟甲基丙烷三异硬脂酸酯、2-乙基己酸十六烷基酯、棕榈酸2-乙基己酯、三肉豆蔻酸甘油酯、三(2-庚基十一烷酸)甘油酯、蓖麻油脂肪酸甲酯、油酸油酯、乙酸甘油酯、棕榈酸2-庚基十一烷基酯、己二酸二异丁酯、N-月桂酰-L-谷氨酸-2-辛基十二烷基酯、己二酸二(2-庚基十一烷基)酯、月桂酸乙酯、癸二酸二(2-乙基己基)酯、肉豆蔻酸2-己基癸酯、棕榈酸2-己基癸酯、己二酸2-己基癸酯、癸二酸二异丙酯、琥珀酸2-乙基己酯、柠檬酸三乙酯等。
作为硅油,可举出例如:链状聚硅氧烷(例如,二甲基聚硅氧烷、甲基苯基聚硅氧烷、二苯基聚硅氧烷等)、环状聚硅氧烷(例如,八甲基环四硅氧烷、十甲基环五硅氧烷、十二甲基环六硅氧烷等)、形成有三维网孔结构的硅树脂、硅胶、各种改性聚硅氧烷(氨基改性聚硅氧烷、聚醚改性聚硅氧烷、烷基改性聚硅氧烷、氟改性聚硅氧烷等)、丙烯酸类聚硅氧烷类等。
作为液体油脂,可举出例如:鳄梨油、山茶油、海龟油、澳洲坚果油、玉米油、貂油、橄榄油、菜籽油、蛋黄油、芝麻油、杏仁油、小麦胚芽油、山茶花油、蓖麻油、亚麻籽油、红花油、棉籽油、苏子油、大豆油、花生油、茶籽油、椰子油、米糠油、白化泡桐油、日本梧桐油、霍霍巴油、胚芽油、三甘油等。
作为固体油脂,例如可举出可可脂、椰子油、马脂、氢化椰子油、棕榈油、牛脂、羊脂、氢化牛脂、棕榈仁油、猪脂、牛骨脂、木蜡核油、氢化油、牛脚脂、木蜡、氢化蓖麻油等。
作为蜡类,可举出例如:蜂蜡、小烛树蜡、棉蜡、巴西棕榈蜡、杨梅蜡、虫蜡、鲸蜡、褐煤蜡、糠蜡、羊毛脂、木棉蜡、乙酸羊毛脂、液状羊毛脂、甘蔗蜡、羊毛脂脂肪酸异丙酯、月桂酸己酯、还原羊毛脂、霍霍巴蜡、硬质羊毛脂、虫胶蜡、POE羊毛脂醇醚、POE羊毛脂醇乙酸酯、POE胆甾醇醚、羊毛脂脂肪酸聚乙二醇酯、 POE氢化羊毛脂醇醚等。
进而,通过使用香料作为本发明的(b)油相成分,可获得香味的持续性优异的水包油型乳化组合物。作为本发明中使用的香料,可举出由动物或植物得到的天然香料、通过化学合成方法制造的合成香料、和作为它们的混合物的调合香料,并无特别限定。本发明中,可以对应于目标产品而使用这些香料的任意一种或二种以上。作为香料成分,具体可以使用选自下述中的一种或二种以上:乙炔二醇环氧乙烷加成物(アセチベノール)、茴香醛、茴香脑、乙酸戊酯、水杨酸戊酯、烯丙基戊基乙醇酸酯、已酸烯丙酯、醛C6~20、麝香梨内酯、黄葵内酯、降龙涎香醚(アンブロキサン)、紫罗酮、龙涎酮、丁香酚、橙花素(オウランチオール)、佳乐麝香、抑素(カローン)、香豆素、香叶醇、乙酸香叶酯、檀香、檀香醇、檀木、仙客来醛、顺式-3-己烯基乙酸酯、顺式-3-己烯醇、柠檬醛、香茅醇乙酸酯、香茅醇、桉树脑、二氢月桂烯醇、茉莉内酯、桂皮醇、桂皮醛、乙酸苏合香酯、乙酸柏木酯、雪松醇、突厥酮、突厥烯酮、癸内酯、乙酸萜品酯、萜品醇、Tonalid、吐纳麝香、女贞醛、橙花醇、白檀醇、香草醛、羟基香茅醛、苯乙基乙酸酯、苯乙醇、己基水杨酸酯、乙酸岩兰草酯、二氢茉莉酮酸甲酯、洋茉莉醛、新洋茉莉醛、甲基柏木酮、乙酸苄酯、水杨酸苄酯、苯甲酸苄酯、环十五内酯(ペンタリッド)、环十五内酯(ペンタリド)、乙酸冰片酯、五月玲兰醇(マイオール)、麝香酮、氨基苯甲酸甲酯、二氢茉莉酮酸甲酯、橙花醚、氧化钙、乙酸沉香酯、沉香醇、柠檬烯、新铃兰醛、铃兰醛、玫瑰醚、玫红醇、当归油、大茴香油、艾蒿油、罗勒油、月桂油、香柠檬油、菖蒲油、樟脑油、衣兰油、小豆蔻油、桂皮油、雪松木油、芹菜油、春黄菊油、肉桂油、丁香油、芫荽油、枯茗油、莳萝油、榄香油、龙蒿油、桉树油、茴香油、胡卢巴油、格蓬油、香叶油、姜油、葡萄柚油、愈疮木油、罗汉柏油、圆柏油、杜松子油、杂熏衣草油、熏衣草油、柠檬油、白柠檬油、橘子油、ジラムオイル、含羞草油、薄荷油、留兰香油、甘菊油(ミルオイル)、桃金娘油、肉豆蔻油、橡苔油、乳香油、红没药油、橙油、欧芹油、广藿香油、胡椒油、紫苏油、橙叶油、苦橙花油、橙花油、甘椒油、多香果油、松油、玫瑰油、迷迭香油、香紫苏油、鼠尾草油、檀香木油、安息香油、橘子油、百里香油、晚香玉油、缬草油、香根油、紫罗兰叶油、冬青油、苦艾油、依兰油、柚子油、金合欢精油、金雀花精油、风信子精油、不凋花精油、茉莉花精油、长寿花精油、水仙花精油、玫瑰精油、紫罗兰叶精油、安息香。
相对于水包油型乳化组合物总量,香料的配合量通常为0.5~40质量%、更优选为1~30质量%、进一步优选为2~20质量%。若小于0.5质量%,则得不到充分的香味的强度・持续性,故不优选。
由以往的表面活性剂得到的乳化组合物中,表面活性剂的物性和油分的物性对乳化性造成的影响大,改变油相成分时,还需要对应地改变表面活性剂的种类。
然而,本发明的水包油型乳化组合物由于是以冠-核型微凝胶为乳化剂的皮克林乳液,因而油分种类所致的乳化性・稳定性等的影响少,与以往相比可以配合更宽范围种类的油分。
“(c)对于本发明的水包油型乳化组合物中使用的水相成分”
本发明的水包油型乳化组合物中所含的水相成分可以配合通常的化妆品、准药品等中所使用的水、水溶性醇、增粘剂等,进而还可根据期望适宜配合保湿剂、螯合剂、防腐剂、色素等。
应予说明,水相成分没有特别限制,相对于水包油型乳化组合物总量,优选配合10~95质量%、进一步优选配合20~90质量%。
另外,本发明的油包水型乳化组合物中,优选的油相与水相的质量比为油相∶水相=10∶90~80∶20。
本发明的水包油型乳化组合物中所含的水没有特别限定,若具体例示,则可举出纯水、离子交换水、自来水等。
作为水溶性醇,为选自低级醇、多元醇、多元醇聚合物、二元醇烷基醚类、二元醇醚酯、甘油单烷基醚、糖醇、单糖、低聚糖、多糖和它们的衍生物中的1种或2种以上。
作为低级醇,可举出例如,乙醇、丙醇、异丙醇、异丁醇、叔丁醇等。
作为多元醇,可举出例如,二元醇(例如,二丙二醇、1,3-丁二醇、乙二醇、三亚甲基二醇、1,2-丁二醇、四亚甲基二醇、2,3-丁二醇、五亚甲基二醇、2-丁烯-1,4-二醇、己二醇、辛二醇等)、三元醇(例如,甘油、三羟甲基丙烷等)、四元醇(例如,二甘油、1,2,6-己烷三醇等季戊四醇等)、五元醇(例如,木糖醇、三甘油等)、六元醇(例如,山梨糖醇、甘露糖醇等)、多元醇聚合物(例如,二乙二醇、二丙二醇ー三乙二醇、聚丙二醇、四乙二醇、二甘油ー三甘油、四甘油、聚甘油等)、二元醇烷基醚类(例如,乙二醇单甲基醚、乙二醇单乙基醚、乙二醇单丁基醚、乙二醇单苯基醚、乙二醇单己基醚、乙二醇单2-甲基己基醚、乙二醇异戊基醚、乙二醇苄基醚、乙二醇异丙基醚、乙二醇二甲基醚、乙二醇二乙基醚、乙二醇二丁基醚、二乙二醇单甲基醚、二乙二醇单乙基醚、二乙二醇单丁基醚、二乙二醇二甲基醚、二乙二醇二乙基醚、二乙二醇丁基醚、二乙二醇甲基乙基醚、三乙二醇单甲基醚、三乙二醇单乙基醚、丙二醇单甲基醚、丙二醇单乙基醚、丙二醇单丁基醚、丙二醇异丙基醚、二丙二醇甲基醚、二丙二醇乙基醚、二丙二醇丁基醚等)、二元醇醚酯(例如,乙二醇单甲基醚乙酸酯、乙二醇单乙基醚乙酸酯、乙二醇单丁基醚乙酸酯、乙二醇单苯基醚乙酸酯、乙二醇二己二酸酯、乙二醇二琥珀酸酯、二乙二醇单乙基醚乙酸酯、二乙二醇单丁基醚乙酸酯、丙二醇单甲基醚乙酸酯、丙二醇单乙基醚乙酸酯、丙二醇单丙基醚乙酸酯、丙二醇单苯基醚乙酸酯等)、甘油单烷基醚(例如,鲛肝醇、鲨油醇、鲨肝醇等)、糖醇(例如,麦芽三糖、甘露醇、蔗糖、赤藓糖醇、葡萄糖、果糖、淀粉分解糖、麦芽糖、淀粉分解糖还原醇等)、Glysolid、四氢糠醇、POE-四氢糠醇、POP-丁基醚、POP・POE-丁基醚、三聚氧丙烯甘油醚、POP-甘油醚、POP-甘油醚磷酸酯、POP・POE-季戊四醇醚、聚甘油等。
作为单糖,可举出例如,三碳糖(例如,D-甘油醛、二羟基丙酮等)、四碳糖(例如,D-赤藓糖、D-赤藓酮糖、Dー苏阿糖、赤藓糖醇等)、五碳糖(例如,L-阿拉伯糖、D-木糖、L-来苏糖、D-阿拉伯糖、D-核糖、D-核酮糖、D-木酮糖、L-木酮糖等)、六碳糖(例如,D-葡萄糖、D-塔罗糖、D-阿洛酮糖、D-半乳糖、D-果糖、L-半乳糖、L-甘露糖、D-塔格糖等)、七碳糖(例如,庚醛糖、庚酮糖等)、八碳糖(例如,辛酮糖等)、脱氧糖(例如,2-脱氧-D-核糖、6-脱氧-L-半乳糖、6-脱氧-L-甘露糖等)、氨基糖(例如,D-葡糖胺、D-半乳糖胺、唾液酸、氨基糖醛酸、胞壁酸酸等)、糖醛酸(例如,D-葡萄糖醛酸、D-甘露糖醛酸、L-古洛糖醛酸、D-半乳糖醛酸、L-艾杜糖醛酸等)等。
作为低聚糖,可举出例如,蔗糖、龙胆三糖、伞形糖、乳糖、车前糖、异剪秋罗糖类、α,α-海藻糖、棉子糖、剪秋罗糖类、umbilicin、水苏糖毛蕊花糖类等。
作为多糖,可举出例如,纤维素、榅桲子、淀粉、半乳糖胶、硫酸皮肤素、糖原、阿拉伯胶、硫酸乙酰肝素-黄蓍胶、硫酸角质素、软骨素、黄原胶、瓜尔胶、葡聚糖、硫酸角质、刺槐豆胶、琥珀酰基葡聚糖等。
作为其它多元醇,可举出:聚氧乙烯甲基葡糖苷(Glucam E-10)、聚氧丙烯甲基葡糖苷(Glucam P-10)等。
作为增粘剂,可举出例如,阿拉伯胶、角叉菜胶、卡拉牙胶、黄蓍胶、角豆胶、榅桲子(木梨)、酪蛋白、糊精、明胶、果胶酸钠、藻酸钠、甲基纤维素、乙基纤维素、CMC、羟乙基纤维素、羟丙基纤维素、PVA、PVM、PVP、聚丙烯酸钠、羧基乙烯基聚合物、刺槐豆胶、瓜尔胶、罗望子胶、二烷基二甲基硫酸铵纤维素、黄原胶、硅酸铝镁、膨润土、锂蒙脱石、硅酸AlMg(VEEGUM)、锂藻土、无水硅酸等。
作为天然的水溶性高分子,例如可举出:植物系高分子(例如,阿拉伯胶、黄蓍胶、半乳糖胶、瓜尔胶、角豆胶、卡拉牙胶、角叉菜胶、果胶、琼脂、榅桲子(木梨)、海藻胶(褐藻提取物)、淀粉(米、玉米、马铃薯、小麦)、甘草酸)、微生物系高分子(例如,黄原胶、葡聚糖、琥珀酸葡聚糖、支链淀粉等)、动物系高分子(例如,胶原、酪蛋白、白蛋白、明胶等)等。
作为半合成的水溶性高分子,可举出例如,淀粉系高分子(例如,羧甲基淀粉、甲基羟基丙基淀粉等)、纤维素系高分子(甲基纤维素、乙基纤维素、甲基羟基丙基纤维素、羟基乙基纤维素、纤维素硫酸钠、羟基丙基纤维素、羧甲基纤维素、羧甲基纤维素钠、结晶纤维素、纤维素粉末等)、藻酸系高分子(例如,藻酸钠、藻酸丙二醇酯等)等。
作为合成的水溶性高分子,可举出例如,乙烯基系高分子(例如,聚乙烯醇、聚乙烯基甲基醚、聚乙烯基吡咯烷酮、羧基乙烯基聚合物等)、聚氧乙烯系高分子(例如,聚乙二醇20000、40000、60000等)、丙烯酸系高分子(例如,聚丙烯酸钠、聚丙烯酸乙酯、聚丙烯酰胺等)、聚亚乙基亚胺、阳离子聚合物等。
作为保湿剂,可举出例如,硫酸软骨素、透明质酸、硫酸粘液素、瓜吕仁酸、去端肽胶原、胆甾醇基-12-羟基硬脂酸酯、乳酸钠、胆汁酸盐、DL-吡咯烷酮羧酸盐、短链可溶性胶原、二甘油(EO)PO加成物、缫丝花提取物、蓍提取物、草木樨提取物等。
作为金属离子封闭剂,可举出例如:1-羟基乙烷-1,1-二膦酸、1-羟基乙烷-1,1-二膦酸四钠盐、依地酸二钠、依地酸三钠、依地酸四钠、柠檬酸钠、聚磷酸钠、偏磷酸钠、葡萄糖酸、磷酸、柠檬酸、抗坏血酸、琥珀酸、依地酸、乙二胺羟乙基三乙酸3钠等。
作为氨基酸,可举出例如,中性氨基酸(例如,苏氨酸、半胱氨酸等)、碱性氨基酸(例如,羟基赖氨酸等)等。另外,作为氨基酸衍生物,可举出例如,酰基肌氨酸钠(月桂酰肌氨酸钠)、酰基谷氨酸盐、酰基β-丙氨酸钠、谷胱甘肽等。
作为pH调节剂,例如可举出:乳酸-乳酸钠、柠檬酸-柠檬酸钠、琥珀酸-琥珀酸钠等缓冲剂等。
本发明的水包油型乳化组合物中所配合的油相成分和水相成分的配合量没有特别限定。通过将(a)的微凝胶作为乳化剂使用,可以得到油相成分/水相成分之比小、即油相成分配合量少的实施方式(美容液、乳液等)到配合量多的实施方式(洁面膏、防晒霜、发膏等)的油相成分/水相成分的比值宽泛的水包油型乳化组合物。
本发明的水包油型乳化组合物中,在不损害本发明效果的范围内,可以适宜配合一般可用于通常化妆品或准药品的皮肤外用剂中的其它成分,例如,紫外线吸收剂、粉末、有机胺、高分子乳液、维生素类、抗氧化剂等。
作为水溶性紫外线吸收剂,可举出例如:2,4-二羟基二苯甲酮、2,2’-二羟基-4-甲氧基二苯甲酮、2,2’-二羟基-4,4’-二甲氧基二苯甲酮、2,2’,4,4’-四羟基二苯甲酮、2-羟基-4-甲氧基二苯甲酮、2-羟基-4-甲氧基-4’-甲基二苯甲酮、2-羟基-4-甲氧基二苯甲酮-5-磺酸盐、4-苯基二苯甲酮、2-乙基己基-4’-苯基-二苯甲酮-2-甲酸酯、2-羟基-4-正辛氧基二苯甲酮、4-羟基-3-羧基二苯甲酮等二苯甲酮系紫外线吸收剂、苯基苯并咪唑-5-磺酸及其盐、亚苯基-双-苯并咪唑-四磺酸及其盐等苯并咪唑系紫外线吸收剂、3-(4’-甲基亚苄基)-d,l-樟脑、3-亚苄基-d,l-樟脑、尿刊酸、尿刊酸乙酯等。
作为油溶性紫外线吸收剂,可举出例如,对氨基苯甲酸(PABA)、PABA单甘油酯、N,N-二丙氧基PABA乙酯、N,N-二乙氧基PABA乙酯、N,N-二甲基PABA乙酯、N,N-二甲基PABA丁酯等苯甲酸系紫外线吸收剂;N-乙酰基邻氨基苯甲酸三甲环己酯等邻氨基苯甲酸系紫外线吸收剂;水杨酸戊酯、水杨酸薄荷酯、水杨酸三甲环己酯、水杨酸辛酯、水杨酸苯酯、水杨酸苄酯、对异丙醇苯基水杨酸酯等水杨酸系紫外线吸收剂;肉桂酸辛酯、乙基-4-异丙基肉桂酸酯、甲基-2,5-二异丙基肉桂酸酯、乙基-2,4-二异丙基肉桂酸酯、甲基-2,4-二异丙基肉桂酸酯、丙基-对甲氧基肉桂酸酯、异丙基-对甲氧基肉桂酸酯、异戊基-对甲氧基肉桂酸酯、辛基-对甲氧基肉桂酸酯、2-乙基己基-对甲氧基肉桂酸酯、2-乙氧基乙基-对甲氧基肉桂酸酯、环己基-对甲氧基肉桂酸酯、乙基-α-氰基-β-苯基肉桂酸酯、2-乙基己基-α-氰基-β-苯基肉桂酸酯、甘油基单-2-乙基己酰基-二对甲氧基肉桂酸酯、3,4,5-三甲氧基肉桂酸3-甲基-4-[甲基双(三甲基甲硅烷氧基)甲硅烷基]丁酯等肉桂酸系紫外线吸收剂;2-苯基-5-甲基苯并噁唑、2,2’-羟基-5-甲基苯基苯并三唑、2-(2’-羟基-5’-叔辛基苯基)苯并三唑、2-(2’-羟基-5’-甲基苯基苯并三唑、二苄连氮、二茴香酰基甲烷、4-甲氧基-4’-叔丁基二苯甲酰基甲烷、5-(3,3-二甲基-2-亚降冰片烷基)-3-戊烷-2-酮、奥克立林等。
作为粉末成分,例如可举出:无机粉末(例如,滑石、高岭土、云母、绢云母(sericite)、白云母、金云母、合成云母、红云母、黑云母、蛭石、碳酸镁、碳酸钙、硅酸铝、硅酸钡、硅酸钙、硅酸镁、硅酸锶、钨酸金属盐、镁、二氧化硅、沸石、硫酸钡、烧成硫酸钙(烧石膏)、磷酸钙、氟磷灰石、羟基磷灰石、陶瓷粉末、金属皂(例如,肉豆蔻酸锌、棕榈酸钙、硬脂酸铝)、氮化硼等)、有机粉末(例如,聚酰胺树脂粉末(尼龙粉末)、聚乙烯粉末、聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯粉末、聚苯乙烯粉末、苯乙烯与丙烯酸的共聚物树脂粉末、苯并胍胺树脂粉末、聚四氟乙烯粉末、纤维素粉末等)、无机白色颜料(例如,二氧化钛、氧化锌等)、无机红色系颜料(例如,氧化铁(铁红)、钛酸铁等)、无机褐色系颜料(例如,γ-氧化铁等)、无机黄色系颜料(例如,氧化铁黄、黄土等)、无机黑色系颜料(例如,氧化铁黑、低阶氧化钛等)、无机紫色系颜料(例如,锰紫、钴紫等)、无机绿色系颜料(例如,氧化铬、氢氧化铬、钛酸钴等)、无机蓝色系颜料(例如,群青、普鲁士蓝等)、珍珠颜料(例如,氧化钛包覆的云母、氧化钛包覆的氯氧化铋、氧化钛包覆的滑石、着色氧化钛包覆的云母、氯氧化铋、鱼鳞箔等)、金属粉末颜料(例如,铝粉、铜粉等)、锆、钡或铝色淀等有机颜料(例如,红色201号、红色202 号、红色204号、红色205号、红色220号、红色226号、红色228号、红色405号、橙色203号、橙色204号、黄色205号、黄色401号、和蓝色404号等有机颜料、红色3号、红色104号、红色106号、红色227号、红色230号、红色401号、红色505号、橙色205号、黄色4号、黄色5号、黄色202号、黄色203号、绿色3号和蓝色1号等)、天然色素(例如,叶绿素、β-胡萝卜素等)等。
作为有机胺,可举出例如,单乙醇胺、二乙醇胺、三乙醇胺、吗啉、四(2-羟基丙基)亚乙基二胺、三异丙醇胺、2-氨基-2-甲基-1,3-丙二醇、2-氨基-2-甲基-1-丙醇等。
作为高分子乳液,可举出例如,丙烯酸类树脂乳液、聚丙烯酸乳液、丙烯酸类树脂液、聚丙烯酸烷基酯乳液、聚乙酸乙烯酯树脂乳液、天然橡胶胶乳等。
作为维生素类,可举出例如:维生素A、B1、B2、B6、C、E及其衍生物、泛酸及其衍生物、生物素等。
作为抗氧化剂,可举出例如:生育酚类、二丁基羟基甲苯、丁基羟基茴香醚、没食子酸酯类等。
作为抗氧化剂,可举出例如,磷酸、柠檬酸、抗坏血酸、马来酸、丙二酸、琥珀酸、富马酸、脑磷脂、六偏磷酸酯、植酸、乙二胺四乙酸等。
作为其它可配合的成分,可举出例如,防腐剂(尼泊金甲酯、尼泊金乙酯、尼泊金丁酯、苯氧乙醇等)、消炎剂(例如,甘草酸衍生物、甘草次酸衍生物、水杨酸衍生物、日扁柏素、氧化锌、尿囊素等)、美白剂(例如,胎盘提取物、虎耳草提取物、熊果苷等)、各种提取物(例如,黄柏、黄连、紫根、芍药、日本当药、黄桦、雪见草、枇杷、人参、芦荟、锦葵、鸢尾、葡萄、薏苡仁、丝瓜、百合、藏红花、川芎、生姜、小连翘、芒柄花、大蒜、辣椒、陈皮、当归、海藻等)、赋活剂(例如,蜂王浆、感光素、胆固醇衍生物等)、血行促进剂(例如,壬酸香草酰胺、烟酸苄酯、烟酸β-丁氧基乙基酯、辣椒素、姜油酮、斑蝥酊、鱼石脂、鞣酸、α-莰醇、烟酸生育酚、六烟酸肌醇酯、环扁桃酯、桂利嗪、妥拉唑林、乙酰胆碱、异搏定、千金藤素、γ-谷维素等)、抗脂漏剂(例如,硫黄、甲硫酚等)、抗炎症剂(例如,凝血酸、硫代牛磺酸、亚牛磺酸等)等。
另外,并非作为乳化剂的目的,而是为了使用感的控制、药剂浸透性等的控制、或者为了提高配合于皮肤或毛发的清洗剂中时的清洗性等,本发明的水包油型乳化组合物中还可配合表面活性剂作为水相或油相成分。
两性表面活性剂具有至少各1个阳离子性官能团和阴离子性官能团,在溶液为酸性时呈阳离子性,在为碱性时呈阴离子性,在等电点附近则具有与非离子表面活性剂接近的性质。
两性表面活性剂根据阴离子基团的种类而被分类为羧酸型、硫酸酯型、磺酸型和磷酸酯型。本发明中优选羧酸型、硫酸酯型和磺酸型。羧酸型进一步被分类为氨基酸型和甜菜碱型。特别优选为甜菜碱型。
具体地,可举出例如,咪唑啉系两性表面活性剂(例如,2-十一烷基-N,N,N-(羟基乙基羧甲基)-2-咪唑啉钠、2-椰油酰基-2-氢氧化咪唑啉鎓-1-羧基乙氧基2钠盐等);甜菜碱系表面活性剂(例如,2-十七烷基-N-羧甲基-N-羟基乙基咪唑啉鎓甜菜碱、月桂基二甲基氨基乙酸甜菜碱、烷基甜菜碱、酰胺甜菜碱、磺基甜菜碱等)等。
阳离子性表面活性剂可举出例如,十六烷基三甲基氯化铵、硬脂基三甲基氯化铵、山嵛基三甲基氯化铵、山嵛基二甲基羟基乙基氯化铵、硬脂基二甲基苄基氯化铵、十六烷基三乙基铵甲基硫酸酯等季铵盐。另外,可举出硬脂酸二乙基氨基乙基酰胺、硬脂酸二甲基氨基乙基酰胺、棕榈酸二乙基氨基乙基酰胺、棕榈酸二甲基氨基乙基酰胺、肉豆蔻酸二乙基氨基乙基酰胺、肉豆蔻酸二甲基氨基乙基酰胺、山嵛酸二乙基氨基乙基酰胺、山嵛酸二甲基氨基乙基酰胺、硬脂酸二乙基氨基丙基酰胺、硬脂酸二甲基氨基丙基酰胺、棕榈酸二乙基氨基丙基酰胺、棕榈酸二甲基氨基丙基酰胺、肉豆蔻酸二乙基氨基丙基酰胺、肉豆蔻酸二甲基氨基丙基酰胺、山嵛酸二乙基氨基丙基酰胺、山嵛酸二甲基氨基丙基酰胺等酰胺胺化合物。
阴离子表面活性剂被分类为脂肪酸皂、N-酰基谷氨酸盐、烷基醚乙酸等羧酸盐型、α-烯烃磺酸盐、烷磺酸盐、烷基苯磺酸等磺酸型、高级醇硫酸酯盐等硫酸酯盐型、磷酸酯盐型等。优选为羧酸盐型、磺酸型和硫酸酯盐型,特别优选为硫酸酯盐型。
具体地,可举出例如,脂肪酸皂(例如,月桂酸钠、棕榈酸钠等)、高级烷基硫酸酯盐(例如,月桂基硫酸钠、月桂基硫酸钾等)、烷基醚硫酸酯盐(例如,POE-月桂基硫酸三乙醇胺、POE-月桂基硫酸钠等)、N-酰基肌氨酸(例如,月桂酰肌氨酸钠等)、高级脂肪酸酰胺磺酸盐(例如,N-肉豆蔻酰基-N-甲基牛磺酸钠、椰油脂肪酸甲基牛磺酸钠、月桂基甲基牛磺酸钠等)、磷酸酯盐(POE-油基醚磷酸钠、POE-硬脂基醚磷酸等)、磺基琥珀酸盐(例如,二-2-乙基己基磺基琥珀酸钠、单月桂酰单乙醇酰胺聚氧乙烯磺基琥珀酸钠、月桂基聚丙二醇磺基琥珀酸钠等)、烷基苯磺酸盐(例如,线性十二烷基苯磺酸钠、线性十二烷基苯磺酸三乙醇胺、线性十二烷基苯磺酸等)、高级脂肪酸酯硫酸酯盐(例如,氢化椰油脂肪酸甘油硫酸钠等)、N-酰基谷氨酸盐(例如,N-月桂酰谷氨酸单钠、N-硬脂酰谷氨酸二钠、N-肉豆蔻酰基-L-谷氨酸单钠等)、硫酸化油(例如,土耳其红油等)、POE-烷基醚羧酸、POE-烷基烯丙基醚羧酸盐、α-烯烃磺酸盐、高级脂肪酸酯磺酸盐、仲醇硫酸酯盐、高级脂肪酸烷醇酰胺硫酸酯盐、月桂酰单乙醇酰胺琥珀酸钠、N-棕榈酰基天冬氨酸双三乙醇胺、酪蛋白钠钠等。
非离子性表面活性剂是不会在水溶液中发生电离而具有电荷的表面活性剂。作为疏水基,已知有使用烷基的类型和使用二甲基硅氧烷的类型等。作为前者,具体可举出例如甘油脂肪酸酯、甘油脂肪酸酯的环氧乙烷衍生物、聚甘油脂肪酸酯、丙二醇脂肪酸酯、丙二醇脂肪酸酯的环氧乙烷衍生物、聚乙二醇脂肪酸酯、聚乙二醇烷基醚、聚乙二醇烷基苯基醚、聚乙二醇蓖麻油衍生物、聚乙二醇氢化蓖麻油衍生物等。作为后者,可举出聚醚改性硅氧烷、聚甘油改性硅氧烷等。优选的是使用烷基作为疏水基的类型。
具体地,作为亲油性非离子表面活性剂,可举出例如,失水山梨糖醇脂肪酸酯类(例如,失水山梨糖醇单油酸酯、失水山梨糖醇单异硬脂酸酯、失水山梨糖醇单月桂酸酯、失水山梨糖醇单棕榈酸酯、失水山梨糖醇单硬脂酸酯、失水山梨糖醇倍半油酸酯、失水山梨糖醇三油酸酯、五-2-乙基己酸二甘油失水山梨糖醇酯、四-2-乙基己酸二甘油失水山梨糖醇等)、聚甘油脂肪酸甘油酯类(例如,单棉籽油脂肪酸甘油酯、单芥酸甘油酯、倍半油酸甘油酯、单硬脂酸甘油酯、α,α’-油酸焦谷氨酸甘油酯、苹果酸单硬脂酸甘油酯等)、丙二醇脂肪酸酯类(例如,单硬脂酸丙二醇酯等)、氢化蓖麻油衍生物、甘油烷基醚等。
作为亲水性非离子表面活性剂,可举出例如,POE-失水山梨糖醇脂肪酸酯类(例如,POE-失水山梨糖醇单油酸酯、POE-失水山梨糖醇单硬脂酸酯、POE-失水山梨糖醇单油酸酯、POE-失水山梨糖醇四油酸酯等)、POE山梨糖醇脂肪酸酯类(例如,POE-山梨糖醇单月桂酸酯、POE-山梨糖醇单油酸酯、POE-山梨糖醇五油酸酯、POE-山梨糖醇单硬脂酸酯等)、POE-甘油脂肪酸酯类(例如,POE-甘油单硬脂酸酯、POE-甘油单异硬脂酸酯、POE-甘油三异硬脂酸酯等POE-单油酸酯等)、POE-脂肪酸酯类(例如,POE-二硬脂酸酯、POE-单二油酸酯、二硬脂酸乙二醇酯等)、POE-烷基醚类(例如,POE-月桂基醚、POE-油基醚、POE-硬脂基醚、POE-山嵛基醚、POE-2-辛基十二烷基醚、POE-胆甾烷醇醚等)、Pluronic型类(例如,Pluronic等)、POE・POP-烷基醚类(例如,POE・POP-十六烷基醚、POE・POP-2-癸基十四烷基醚、POE・POP-单丁基醚、POE・POP-氢化羊毛脂、POE・POP-甘油醚等)、四POE・四POP-乙二胺缩合物类(例如,Tetronic等)、POE-蓖麻油氢化蓖麻油衍生物(例如,POE-蓖麻油、POE-氢化蓖麻油、POE-氢化蓖麻油单异硬脂酸酯、POE-氢化蓖麻油三异硬脂酸酯、POE-氢化蓖麻油单焦谷氨酸单异硬脂酸二酯、POE-氢化蓖麻油马来酸等)、POE-蜂蜡・羊毛脂衍生物(例如,POE-山梨糖醇蜂蜡等)、烷醇酰胺(例如,椰油脂肪酸二乙醇酰胺、月桂酸单乙醇酰胺、脂肪酸异丙醇酰胺等)、POE-丙二醇脂肪酸酯、POE-烷基胺、POE-脂肪酸酰胺、蔗糖脂肪酸酯、烷基乙氧基二甲基氧化胺-磷酸三油基酯等。
本发明的水包油型乳化组合物的用途没有限定,由于抑制皮肤刺激、使用感优异,因而可优选作为皮肤化妆品、毛发化妆品、皮肤外用剂等进行制品化。
实施例
接着,列举实施例说明本发明。本发明并不限定于这些实施例。首先,示出实施例中使用的共聚物(冠-核型微凝胶)的制造例。配合量若无特别说明则以质量%表示。
<共聚物(冠-核型微凝胶。有时简称为“微凝胶”)水分散液的制造例>
本发明中使用的共聚物的冠-核型微凝胶的聚合用以下方法实施。在具备回流管和氮导入管的三口烧瓶中,在水-乙醇混合溶剂100mL中溶解PME-400、PME-1000、PME-4000、甲基丙烯酸甲酯(MMA)、甲基丙烯酸丁酯(nBMA)、甲基丙烯酸2-乙基己酯(EHMA)和乙二醇二甲基丙烯酸酯(EGDMA)。充分溶解后,进一步以相对于全部单体量为1mol%的比例添加2,2’偶氮双(2甲基丙脒 2盐酸盐)并溶解。将完全均匀的聚合溶液进行20分钟氮置换除去溶留氧后,用磁力搅拌器进行搅拌,同时用油浴在65至70℃保持8小时进行聚合。聚合结束后,将聚合液恢复至室温后,将聚合液在水中透析5天,除去残留单体,同时将分散液置换为水。
使用的各单体的量(g)示于“表1”,反应条件示于“表2”。“表1”中,制造例1~10均满足条件(A)和条件(B)。另外,从上述聚合方法出发,制造例1~10的全部均满足条件(D)。
<冠-核型微凝胶水分散液中的微凝胶浓度的测定方法>
于铝皿中精密称量适量的通过前述记载的方法得到的水分散液,在90℃干燥一昼夜。根据干燥前后的称量值算出水分散液中所含的冠-核型微凝胶的浓度。
[表1]
[表2]
(A)大分子单体/疏水性单体比(摩尔比) | (B)交联性单体添加量(质量%) | (C)疏水性单体的碳原子数 | (D)水/乙醇溶剂混合比(容积比) | |
制造例1 | 1/100 | 0.5 | 1, 4 | 60/40 |
制造例2 | 1/100 | 0.3 | 1, 4 | 60/40 |
制造例3 | 1/100 | 1.0 | 1, 4 | 60/40 |
制造例4 | 1/100 | 0.5 | 1 | 70/30 |
制造例5 | 1/100 | 0.5 | 4 | 50/50 |
制造例6 | 1/100 | 0.5 | 8 | 40/60 |
制造例7 | 1/100 | 0.5 | 1, 4 | 60/40 |
制造例8 | 1/100 | 0.5 | 1, 4 | 60/40 |
制造例9 | 1/50 | 0.5 | 1, 4 | 70/30 |
制造例10 | 1/200 | 0.5 | 1, 4 | 50/50 |
<粒径的测定方法>
微凝胶(共聚物)的粒径的测定是使用Malvern公司制造的Zetasizer进行测定。制作将微凝胶分散液的微凝胶浓度制备为约0.1质量%的测定样品,用0.45微米的过滤器除去灰尘后,以散射角度90°测定25℃下的散射强度,通过搭载于测定装置的分析软件算出平均粒径。粒径通过累积量分析法来进行分析。粒径分析所需的溶剂粘度使用25℃纯水的粘度、即0.89mPas的值。
应予说明,通过实施本测定,可确认通过前述记载的制造方法合成了具有粒子形状的微凝胶。
<微凝胶的粒径和水分散液中的浓度>
所得微凝胶的粒径和水分散液中的浓度(质量%)示于“表3”。
[表3]
(nm) | (质量%) | |
制造例1 | 265 | 2.607 |
制造例2 | 242 | 1.729 |
制造例3 | 295 | 2.668 |
制造例4 | 290 | 2.273 |
制造例5 | 263 | 2.748 |
制造例6 | 258 | 2.686 |
制造例7 | 352 | 3.490 |
制造例8 | 292 | 2.945 |
制造例9 | 206 | 1.440 |
制造例10 | 648 | 2.132 |
接着,示出实施例中评价的水包油型乳化组合物的制造例和评价方法。配合量若无特别说明则以质量%表示。
<水包油型乳化组合物的制备方法>
将多元醇类、增粘剂等各种水相成分添加于纯水中并混合。向其中加入分散于另外的纯水中的通过前述制造方法得到的微凝胶水分散液并进行搅拌混合。但此时,在高浓度配合冠-核型微凝胶的情形、或油相/水相比高且难以在水分散液中配合需要的微凝胶浓度的情形中,配合将通过前述制造方法得到的微凝胶水分散液冷冻干燥一昼夜而制为粉末状的微凝胶。使微凝胶和水相成分均匀地分散后,加入油相成分,用均质混合器剪切混合直至均匀,得到水包油型乳化组合物。
若无特别记载,则由作为比较制造例列举的表面活性剂所致的乳化和基于非微凝胶的粉末成分的皮克林乳液的制备方法均依据上述方法。即、使表面活性剂或粉末成分溶解或分散于水相中,向其中加入油相成分,通过均质混合器进行剪切乳化。
评价(1):乳化稳定性(外观)
在水包油型乳化组合物制备后1天以内,用肉眼观察水包油型乳化组合物的外观。
○:试样均匀,未观察到油的上浮或粉末的凝集。
△:试样大致均匀,但观察到些许油的上浮等。
×:试样不均匀,或者观察到显著的油相的分离、或粉末的凝集。
评价(2):乳化稳定性(乳化粒子)
用光学显微镜观察试样的乳化粒子。
○:乳化粒子均匀,未观察到合一或凝集。
△:乳化粒子大致均匀,但观察到些许合一或凝集等。
×:乳化粒子不均匀,观察到显著的合一或凝集。
评价(3):皮肤刺激试验
在10名评判的上腕内侧部进行24小时的封闭贴布,然后通过以下基准算出平均值。
0…完全没有观察到异常。
1…观察到些许发红。
2…观察到发红。
3…观察到发红和丘疹。
“皮肤刺激试验”的评价基准如下所述。
◎:评判10名的平均值为0以上且小于0.15
○:评判10名的平均值为0.15以上且小于0.2
△:评判10名的平均值为0.2以上且小于0.3
×:评判10名的平均值为0.3以上。
评价(4):涂敷时的水嫩感的评价
通过专门评判10名实施各试样的实际使用试验。评价基准如下所述。
◎:评判8名以上在涂敷中认为是水嫩的。
○:评判6名以上且不足8名在涂敷中认为是水嫩的。
△:评判3名以上且不足6名在涂敷中认为是水嫩的。
×:评判不足3名在涂敷中认为是水嫩的。
评价(5):涂敷时的粗糙感的评价
通过专门评判10名实施各试样的实际使用试验。评价基准如下所述。
◎:评判8名以上在涂敷中认为是平滑的。
○:评判6名以上且不足8名在涂敷中认为是平滑的。
△:评判3名以上且不足6名在涂敷中认为是平滑的。
×:评判不足3名在涂敷中认为是平滑的。
评价(6):涂敷时・涂敷后的粉末感的评价
通过专门评判10名实施各试样的实际使用试验。评价基准如下所述。
◎:评判8名以上在涂敷中和涂敷后认为无粉末感。
○:评判6名以上且小于8名在涂敷中和涂敷后认为无粉末感。
△:评判3名以上且小于6名在涂敷中和涂敷后认为无粉末感。
×:评判不足3名在涂敷中和涂敷后认为无粉末感。
评价(7):经时稳定性
对于水包油型乳化组合物制备后的组合物,以肉眼观察制造起经过1个月后的乳化物的状态。
◎:组合物保持制造时的乳化状态。
○:观察到若干乳化物的沉降,但组合物大致保持乳化状态。
△:乳化粒子沉降,也观察到粒子的合一。
×:组合物中的乳化粒子沉降并合一,且油相完全分离。
以下,示出通过前述方法制造的水包油型乳化化妆品的评价结果。无论制备中所用的微凝胶为水分散液还是冷冻干燥物,表中的微凝胶配合浓度均用微凝胶原体的纯度浓度来表示。应予说明,配合微凝胶水分散液时的纯度浓度是使用“表3”中所示微凝胶分散液中的微凝胶浓度的值进行换算的。
冠-核型微凝胶乳化剂的配合
通过前述方法制造由以下表4中记载的配合组成构成的水包油型乳化组合物,对于各试样,进行与上述评价(1)~(7)相关的评价试验。
[表4]
根据表4可知,试验例1-1(本发明的实施例)中,配合了制造例1的微凝胶的水包油型乳化组合物显示出优异的乳化稳定性、低皮肤刺激性、优异的使用感和优异的经时稳定性。
另一方面,未配合微凝胶的试验例1-2(本发明的比较例)的水包油型乳化组合物根本未制备出水包油型乳液,也无法得到水嫩的使用感。
即、可知在由本组成构成的水包油型乳化组合物中,制造例1的微凝胶作为乳化性、稳定性和使用感优异的乳化剂发挥功能。
与利用表面活性剂的乳化组合物的比较
接着,对于作为乳化剂的微凝胶的功能,为了与常用的其它表面活性剂进行比较・评价,通过前述方法制造由表5中记载的配合组成构成的水包油型乳液,对于各试样,进行与上述评价(1)~(7)相关的评价试验。
[表5]
根据表5的结果可知,试验例2-1(本发明的实施例)中,配合了制造例2的微凝胶的水包油型乳化组合物显示出优异的乳化稳定性、低皮肤刺激性、优异的使用感和优异的经时稳定性。
另一方面,配合了表面活性剂作为乳化剂的试验例2-2和2-3(本发明的比较例)的水包油型乳化组合物虽然显示了优异的乳化稳定性和经时稳定性,但没有水嫩感,且感觉到粗糙感,使用感差。另外,在试验例2-3中,还观察到若干的皮肤刺激性。
与利用粉末的乳化组合物的比较
对于作为乳化剂的微凝胶的功能,为了与以往的粉末乳化进行比较・评价,通过前述方法制造由表6记载的配合组成构成的水包油型乳液,对于各试样,进行与上述评价(1)~(7)相关的评价试验。
[表6]
<试验例3-2的制造方法>
将水相成分、和作为粉末成分的二氧化硅被覆氧化锌添加至纯水中并混合。向其中添加分散于另外的纯水中的硬脂基三甲基氯化铵或二甲基二硬脂基氯化铵,进行加热超声波处理。使粉末成分均匀分散后,加入剩余的油相成分,用混合器混合直至均匀,得到水包油型乳液。
根据表6的结果可知,试验例3-1(本发明的实施例)中,配合了制造例2的微凝胶的水包油型乳化组合物显示出优异的乳化稳定性、低皮肤刺激性、优异的使用感和优异的经时稳定性。
另一方面,作为乳化剂而配合了二氧化硅被覆氧化锌的试验例3-2(本发明的比较例)和配合了疏水化处理二氧化硅的试验例3-3(本发明的比较例)的水包油型乳化组合物虽然显示出优异的乳化稳定性、低皮肤刺激性和优异的经时稳定性,但由于使用粉末作为乳化剂,而且用于得到稳定水包油型乳化组合物的配合浓度也高,因而感觉到粗糙感和粉末感,使用感差。
油相成分/水相成分比的研究
为了对使用了微凝胶的水包油型乳化组合物中的油相成分和水相成分的配合量进行评价,通过前述方法制造由表7中记载的配合组成构成的水包油型乳液,对于各试样,进行与上述评价(1)~(7)相关的评价试验。
[表7]
根据表7的结果可知,试验例4-1~4-6(本发明的实施例)中,配合了制造例3的微凝胶的、油相成分/水相成分之比不同的乳液均显示出优异的乳化稳定性、低皮肤刺激性、优异的使用感和优异的经时稳定性。
应予说明,可知在油相成分/水相成分之比为90/10的油分浓度极其高的试验例4-6中,虽然观察到些许乳化稳定性和经时稳定性的降低,但利用本发明中的共聚物(微凝胶)的乳化可稳定地将范围极宽泛的油相成分/水相成分比的组成制为水包油型乳化组合物。
共聚物(微凝胶)的配合量
为了对本发明的水包油型乳化组合物中的共聚物(微凝胶)的配合量进行评价,通过前述方法制造由以下表8中记载的配合组成构成的试验例的水包油型乳液,对于各试样,进行与上述评价(1)~(7)相关的评价试验。
[表8]
根据表8的结果可知,试验例5-1~5-5(本发明的实施例)中,制造例4的微凝胶的配合量不同的乳液均显示出优异的乳化稳定性、低皮肤刺激性、优异的使用感和优异的经时稳定性。
另一方面,制造例4的配合浓度为0.05%的极低值的试验例5-6(本发明的实施例)中,观察到些许乳化稳定性和经时稳定性的降低。另外,试验例5-1虽然具有优异的使用感,但由于微凝胶配合浓度为5%的高浓度,因而具有感觉到些许粗糙感或粉末感的倾向。
共聚物(微凝胶)组成的评价
为了对本发明的水包油型乳化组合物中的共聚物(冠-核型微凝胶)的组成进行评价,制造了表9和表10中记载的共聚物(微凝胶)。制造方法和粒径的测定方法依照前述方法。
[表9]
[表10]
(A)大分子单体/疏水性单体比(摩尔比) | (B)交联性单体添加量(质量%) | (C)疏水性单体的碳原子数 | (D)水/乙醇溶剂混合比(容积比) | |
比较制造例1 | 1/100 | 0.5 | 1, 4 | 60/40 |
比较制造例2 | 1/100 | 2 | 1, 4 | 60/40 |
比较制造例3 | 1/100 | 0.05 | 1, 4 | 60/40 |
比较制造例4 | 1/300 | 0.5 | 1, 4 | 30/70 |
比较制造例5 | 1/8 | 0.5 | 1, 4 | 70/30 |
共聚物(微凝胶)组成的评价(1) 大分子单体链长
为了对本发明的水包油型乳化组合物中的共聚物(微凝胶)结构的大分子单体组成进行评价,通过前述方法制造由以下表11中记载的配合组成构成的试验例的水包油型乳液,对于各试样,进行与上述评价(1)~(7)相关的评价试验。
[表11]
根据表11的结果可知,试验例6-3~6-8(本发明的实施例)中,配合了大分子单体的聚氧乙烯链长不同的微凝胶的乳液均显示出优异的乳化稳定性、低皮肤刺激性、优异的使用感和优异的经时稳定性。配合了由聚氧乙烯链长度短(聚氧乙烯部分子量:约200)的大分子单体制造的比较制造例1的微凝胶的试验例6-1和6-2(本发明的比较例)中,乳化稳定性低,油相配合量高的试验例6-2中,也未能得到稳定的乳化组合物。
共聚物(微凝胶)组成的评价(2) 交联密度
为了对本发明的水包油型乳化组合物中的共聚物(冠-核型微凝胶)结构的交联密度进行评价,通过前述方法制造由以下表12中记载的配合组成构成的试验例的水包油型乳液,对于各试样,进行与上述评价(1)~(7)相关的评价试验。
[表12]
根据表12的结果可知,试验例7-1~7-3(本发明的实施例)中,配合了交联密度不同的微凝胶的乳液均显示出优异的乳化稳定性、低皮肤刺激性、优异的使用感和优异的经时稳定性。配合了交联密度高的比较制造例2的微凝胶的试验例7-4(本发明的比较例)中,存在乳化稳定性低,使用感也些许变差的倾向。在配合了交联密度低的比较例3的微凝胶的试验例7-5(本发明的比较例)中,虽然使用感优异,但存在乳化稳定性极其低的倾向。
共聚物(微凝胶)组成的评价(3) 大分子单体/疏水性单体比
为了对本发明的水包油型乳化组合物中的共聚物(微凝胶)结构的大分子单体/疏水性单体比进行评价,通过前述方法制造由以下表13中记载的配合组成构成的试验例的水包油型乳液,对于各试样,进行与上述评价(1)~(7)相关的评价试验。
[表13]
根据表13的结果可知,在试验例8-1~8-3(本发明的实施例)中,配合了大分子单体/疏水性单体比不同的微凝胶的乳液均显示出优异的乳化稳定性、低皮肤刺激性、优异的使用感和优异的经时稳定性。对于疏水性单体之比高的比较制造例4的微凝胶,微凝胶制造自身也并非良好,配合了其的试验例8-4(本发明的比较例)中,也未能制备水包油型乳液。疏水性单体比低的比较制造例5的微凝胶也相同,微凝胶制造自身也并非良好,配合了其的试验例8-5(本发明的
比较例)中也存在乳化稳定性低的倾向。
评价(8):香味的持续效果
将一定量的试样涂敷于肌肤,通过专门评判对1小时后的香味的强度进行评价。
◎:强
○:稍强
△:不强不弱(通常水平)
×:弱。
[表14]
根据表14的结果可知,试验例9-1~9-4(本发明的实施例)中,配合了冠-核型微凝胶乳化剂的制造例1的微凝胶的水包油型乳化组合物显示出优异的乳化稳定性、低皮肤刺激性、优异的使用感、优异的经时稳定性和香味的持续效果。
另一方面,作为乳化剂配合了表面活性剂即聚氧乙烯(60)氢化蓖麻油的试验例9-5(本发明的比较例)中,未能得到将香料成分乳化而成的基剂,基剂稳定性和使用感差,也未观察到香味的持续效果。另外,作为乳化剂配合疏水化处理二氧化硅,香料成分总计为10%的试验例9-5(本发明的比较例)中虽然得到了乳化基剂,但经时稳定性差。还感觉到了来源于粉末的粉末感或粗糙感。进而,在香料成分总计为20%的试验例9-6(本发明的比较例)中,也未能得到将香料成分乳化而成的基剂。进而,在试验例9-6和9-7(本发明的比较例)的任一者中,均为观察到香味的持续效果。
以下列举配合了本发明水包油型乳化组合物的各种化妆品的配方例,但本发明并不限定于此。由以下配方例得到的化妆品均是乳化稳定性高、皮肤刺激性低、使用感优异的化妆品。应予说明,实施例中的微凝胶配合量为纯度换算的值。
(实施例1:乳液)
制造例1的微凝胶 1
二甲基聚硅氧烷(6CS) 3
十甲基环五硅氧烷 4
乙醇 5
甘油 6
1,3-丁二醇 5
聚氧乙烯甲基葡糖苷 3
葵花油 1
角鲨烷 2
氢氧化钾 0.1
六偏磷酸钠 0.05
羟基丙基-β-环糊精 0.1
甘草酸二钾 0.05
枇杷叶提取物 0.1
L-谷氨酸钠 0.05
茴香提取物 0.1
酵母提取物 0.1
熏衣草油 0.1
地黄提取物 0.1
二吗啉哒嗪酮 0.1
黄原胶 0.1
羧基乙烯基聚合物 0.1
氧化铁红 适量
氧化铁黄 适量
对羟基苯甲酸酯 适量
纯水 余量。
(实施例2:保湿霜膏)
制造例3的微凝胶 1.5
液体石蜡 10
二甲基聚硅氧烷(6CS) 5
角鲨烷 15
季戊四醇四(2-乙基己酸)酯 5
三-2-乙基己酸甘油酯 10
甘油 10
1,3-丁二醇 2
赤藓醇 1
聚乙二醇1500 5
氢氧化钾 0.1
六偏磷酸钠 0.05
乙酸生育酚 0.05
对羟基苯甲酸酯 适量
羟基丙基甲基纤维素 0.3
聚乙烯醇 0.1
羧基乙烯基聚合物 0.2
纯水 余量。
(实施例3:洁面膏)
制造例5的微凝胶 1.5
α-烯烃低聚物 20
凡士林 5
三(2-乙基己酸)甘油酯 20
二甲基聚硅氧烷(6CS) 2
甲基苯基聚硅氧烷 15
鲨肝醇 0.5
聚氧乙烯・甲基聚硅氧烷共聚物 1
甘油 7
山梨糖醇液(70%) 18
聚氧乙烯(60)氢化蓖麻油 1
聚氧乙烯(25)聚氧丙二醇(30) 2
椰油脂肪酸甲基牛磺酸钠 1
L-丝氨酸 0.1
黄柏提取物 0.1
藻酸钠 0.1
纯水 余量
香料 适量。
(实施例4:防晒乳液)
制造例6的微凝胶 1.2
异十二烷 8
辛酸辛酯 5
甲氧基肉桂酸乙基己酯 5
奥克立林 2
双乙基己氧基苯酚甲氧基苯基三嗪 3
氧苯酮 1
乙醇 5
1,3-丁二醇 5
三乙醇胺 0.1
黄原胶 0.1
(丙烯酸/丙烯酸烷基酯(C10-30))共聚物 0.1
卡波姆 0.1
氨甲环酸 2
滑石 3
苯氧乙醇 适量
依地酸二钠 适量
纯水 残量
香料 适量。
(实施例5:洁面乳霜(cleansing
lotion))
制造例7的微凝胶 1
液体石蜡 10
凡士林 5
鲸蜡醇 1
二甘油 0.5
1,3-丁二醇 5
聚乙二醇1500 3
硬脂酸 2
单月桂酸聚氧乙烯失水山梨糖醇酯(20E.O.) 0.2
三乙醇胺 1
乙酸生育酚 0.1
羧基乙烯基聚合物 0.03
对羟基苯甲酸酯 适量
纯水 余量。
(实施例6:发膏)
制造例8的微凝胶 0.8
液体石蜡 5
凡士林 2
二甲基聚硅氧烷(6CS) 5
鲸蜡醇 4
硬脂醇 1
1,3-丁二醇 10
聚氧丙烯甘油基醚 2
亲油型单硬脂酸甘油酯 2
聚合物JR-400 0.5
对羟基苯甲酸酯 适量
纯水 余量
香料 适量。
(实施例7:美发膏)
制造例1的微凝胶 1.1
挥发性异链烷烃 5
二甲基聚硅氧烷(6CS) 2
高聚合甲基聚硅氧烷 2
乙醇 5
甘油 5
聚氧丙烯十甘油基醚 5
异硬脂酸 1
氢氧化钠 0.15
对羟基苯甲酸酯 适量
苯氧乙醇 适量
依地酸3钠 适量
黄原胶 0.5
角叉菜胶 0.3
乙酸乙烯酯・乙烯基吡咯烷酮共聚物 2
羧基乙烯基聚合物 0.5
纯水 余量。
(实施例8:发油膏)
制造例2的微凝胶 2
氢化聚异丁烯 余量
乙醇 10
氧苯酮 适量
高聚合甲基聚硅氧烷 10。
(实施例9:焗油膏)
制造例5的微凝胶 1.2
二甲基聚硅氧烷(6CS) 2
鲸蜡醇 0.5
山嵛醇 3
甘油 3
2-乙基己酸十六烷基酯 1
硬脂基三甲基氯化铵 0.7
柠檬酸 0.05
乳酸钠液 0.01
甘草酸二钾 0.1
百合提取物 0.1
羟基乙基纤维素 0.1
对羟基苯甲酸酯 适量
纯水 余量
香料 适量。
(实施例10:乳化粉底)
制造例2的微凝胶 2.5
烷基改性硅树脂被覆氧化钛 9.0
烷基改性硅树脂被覆超微粒子氧化钛(40nm) 5.0
烷基改性硅树脂被覆氧化铁(红) 0.5
烷基改性硅树脂被覆氧化铁(黄) 1.5
烷基改性硅树脂被覆氧化铁(黑) 0.2
聚氧亚烷基改性有机聚硅氧烷 0.5
十甲基环五硅氧烷 5.0
对甲氧基肉桂酸辛酯 5.0
丙烯酸类硅氧烷 4.0
特种甘油(dynamite glycerine) 6.0
黄原胶 0.1
羧甲基纤维素 0.3
丙烯酰基二甲基牛磺酸钠/丙烯酸羟基乙基酯共聚物
(含量:35~40质量%) 1.5
乙醇 5.0
离子交换水 余量。
(配方例1:花香系调和香料B)
橙油 4
柠檬油 3
二氢月桂烯醇 3
沉香醇 15
玫瑰基料 12
萜品醇 5
甲基紫罗兰酮 γ 5
β 紫罗兰酮 5
甲基柏木酮 10
二氢茉莉酮酸甲酯 18
铃兰吡喃(FLOROSA、QUEST社) 20。
(实施例11:水系香料)
成分 质量%
制造例2的微凝胶(纯度) 1.5
上述配方例1的花香系调和香料B 20
二甲基聚硅氧烷 (6cs) 10
甲基苯基聚硅氧烷 1
甘油 4
乙醇 10
柠檬酸 0.01
柠檬酸钠 0.09
对羟基苯甲酸酯 适量
离子交换水 余量。
产业实用性
根据本发明,通过将冠-核型微凝胶用作乳化剂,可以提供乳化稳定性和使用感优异的水包油型乳化组合物。本发明的水包油型乳化组合物具有优异的使用感,作为化妆品特别有用。
Claims (4)
1.由共聚物构成的冠-核型微凝胶乳化剂,该共聚物的特征在于,在下述(A)和(B)的条件下,对下述式(1)的聚氧乙烯醚大分子单体、下述式(2)的疏水性单体和下述式(3)的交联性单体进行聚合而得,
(A)由所述聚氧乙烯醚大分子单体的添加摩尔量/所述疏水性单体的添加摩尔量所示的摩尔比为1∶10~1∶250;
(B)所述交联性单体的添加量相对于所述疏水性单体的添加量为0.1~1.5质量%;
[化1]
(1)
R1表示碳原子数1~3的烷基,n为8~200的数;X表示H或CH3;
[化2]
(2)
R2表示碳原子数1~3的烷基,R3表示碳原子数1~12的烷基;
[化3]
(3)
R4与R5各自独立地表示碳原子数1~3的烷基,m为0~2的数。
2.权利要求1所述的冠-核型微凝胶乳化剂,其由进一步增加下述(C)、(D)的条件,将下述式(1)的聚氧乙烯醚大分子单体、下述式(2)的疏水性单体和下述式(3)的交联性单体在水-乙醇混合溶剂中进行自由基聚合而得的共聚物构成,
(C)下述式(2)的疏水性单体是将具有碳原子数1~8的烷基的甲基丙烯酸衍生物的一种或二种以上混合而成的单体组成;
(D)以20℃的容积比计,水-乙醇混合溶剂为水∶乙醇=90~30∶10~70;
[化4]
(1)
R1表示碳原子数1~3的烷基,n为8~200的数;X表示H或CH3;
[化5]
(2)
R2表示碳原子数1~3的烷基,R3表示碳原子数1~12的烷基;
[化6]
(3)
R4与R5各自独立地表示碳原子数1~3的烷基,m为0~2的数。
3.水包油型乳化组合物,其特征在于,含有权利要求1或2所述的(a)冠-核型微凝胶乳化剂、(b)油相成分和(c)水相成分。
4.权利要求3所述的水包油型乳化组合物,其特征在于,含有香料作为(b)油相成分。
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