TWI530538B - 供光電裝置用之墨水組合物 - Google Patents
供光電裝置用之墨水組合物 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- TWI530538B TWI530538B TW102138041A TW102138041A TWI530538B TW I530538 B TWI530538 B TW I530538B TW 102138041 A TW102138041 A TW 102138041A TW 102138041 A TW102138041 A TW 102138041A TW I530538 B TWI530538 B TW I530538B
- Authority
- TW
- Taiwan
- Prior art keywords
- materials
- group
- printing
- ink composition
- bicarbonate
- Prior art date
Links
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title claims description 108
- 230000005693 optoelectronics Effects 0.000 title claims description 19
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 66
- 238000007639 printing Methods 0.000 claims description 61
- -1 ethylhexyl Chemical group 0.000 claims description 53
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 48
- 238000007641 inkjet printing Methods 0.000 claims description 24
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000001099 ammonium carbonate Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 9
- 235000012501 ammonium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 9
- ATRRKUHOCOJYRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium bicarbonate Chemical compound [NH4+].OC([O-])=O ATRRKUHOCOJYRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- GLUUGHFHXGJENI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Piperazine Chemical compound C1CNCCN1 GLUUGHFHXGJENI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- RAXXELZNTBOGNW-UHFFFAOYSA-N imidazole Natural products C1=CNC=N1 RAXXELZNTBOGNW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910000013 Ammonium bicarbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bicarbonate Chemical compound OC([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000012538 ammonium bicarbonate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000000059 patterning Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- YNAVUWVOSKDBBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Morpholine Chemical compound C1COCCN1 YNAVUWVOSKDBBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyridine Chemical compound C1=CC=NC=C1 JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- KAESVJOAVNADME-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyrrole Chemical compound C=1C=CNC=1 KAESVJOAVNADME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000000524 functional group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000005842 heteroatom Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- YBRBMKDOPFTVDT-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-butylamine Chemical compound CC(C)(C)N YBRBMKDOPFTVDT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- UDXBSNUCGGXUNH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-cyanoethylazanium;2-cyanoethyl carbonate Chemical compound [NH3+]CCC#N.[O-]C(=O)OCCC#N UDXBSNUCGGXUNH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical group [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000003545 alkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- SCJNFWUKTOYSRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N butylazanium;butyl carbonate Chemical compound CCCC[NH3+].CCCCOC([O-])=O SCJNFWUKTOYSRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007646 gravure printing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- NAQMVNRVTILPCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexane-1,6-diamine Chemical compound NCCCCCCN NAQMVNRVTILPCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000004051 hexyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000001449 isopropyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001459 lithography Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- AHIHJODVQGBOND-UHFFFAOYSA-M propan-2-yl carbonate Chemical compound CC(C)OC([O-])=O AHIHJODVQGBOND-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000080 wetting agent Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- YXAHLCBENNUJLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N (carboxyamino)-propan-2-ylcarbamic acid Chemical compound CC(C)N(C(O)=O)NC(O)=O YXAHLCBENNUJLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000001731 2-cyanoethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])(*)C([H])([H])C#N 0.000 claims description 2
- BHRGYSLLXICIEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-cyanoethylazanium;n-(2-cyanoethyl)carbamate Chemical compound [NH3+]CCC#N.[O-]C(=O)NCCC#N BHRGYSLLXICIEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- WRJRTLNJQQNHLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-ethylhexylazanium;2-ethylhexyl carbonate Chemical compound CCCCC(CC)C[NH3+].CCCCC(CC)COC([O-])=O WRJRTLNJQQNHLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- LFTWYPLGYKQPMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-ethylhexylazanium;hydrogen carbonate Chemical compound OC([O-])=O.CCCCC(CC)C[NH3+] LFTWYPLGYKQPMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- SZVUQKOTOXVFTL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylpropylazanium;2-methylpropyl carbonate Chemical compound CC(C)C[NH3+].CC(C)COC([O-])=O SZVUQKOTOXVFTL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- KXLKRDONYDSHID-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylpropylazanium;n-(2-methylpropyl)carbamate Chemical compound CC(C)C[NH3+].CC(C)CNC([O-])=O KXLKRDONYDSHID-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000003903 2-propenyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])=C([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 2
- SKRSRJOKBARNAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-triethoxysilylpropylazanium;3-triethoxysilylpropyl carbonate Chemical compound CCO[Si](OCC)(OCC)CCC[NH3+].CCO[Si](OCC)(OCC)CCCOC([O-])=O SKRSRJOKBARNAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- IENDUPQOSWAYMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-triethoxysilylpropylazanium;n-(3-triethoxysilylpropyl)carbamate Chemical compound CCO[Si](OCC)(OCC)CCC[NH3+].CCO[Si](OCC)(OCC)CCCNC([O-])=O IENDUPQOSWAYMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- SNRUBQQJIBEYMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dodecane Natural products CCCCCCCCCCCC SNRUBQQJIBEYMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- HWVVYUPLWARZKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-butylbutan-1-amine dibutyl carbonate Chemical compound CCCCNCCCC.CCCCOC(=O)OCCCC HWVVYUPLWARZKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- FNKXSMJHCWOMPS-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-methyldecan-1-amine undecan-2-yl carbamate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCNC.CCCCCCCCCC(C)OC(N)=O FNKXSMJHCWOMPS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000003342 alkenyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000003710 aryl alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- ZSIQJIWKELUFRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N azepane Chemical compound C1CCCNCC1 ZSIQJIWKELUFRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000001797 benzyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(C([H])=C1[H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 2
- QJLWYBRKZCYIEK-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzylazanium;benzyl carbonate Chemical compound [NH3+]CC1=CC=CC=C1.[O-]C(=O)OCC1=CC=CC=C1 QJLWYBRKZCYIEK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- CGABNMAUJREYGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzylcarbamic acid;phenylmethanamine Chemical compound NCC1=CC=CC=C1.OC(=O)NCC1=CC=CC=C1 CGABNMAUJREYGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000000484 butyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 2
- ZWRCDCXUOBLXKM-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbonic acid;morpholine Chemical compound OC([O-])=O.C1COCC[NH2+]1 ZWRCDCXUOBLXKM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000002057 carboxymethyl group Chemical group [H]OC(=O)C([H])([H])[*] 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- HVYWMOMLDIMFJA-DPAQBDIFSA-N cholesterol group Chemical group [C@@H]1(CC[C@H]2[C@@H]3CC=C4C[C@@H](O)CC[C@]4(C)[C@H]3CC[C@]12C)[C@H](C)CCCC(C)C HVYWMOMLDIMFJA-DPAQBDIFSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000004802 cyanophenyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000000753 cycloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000001511 cyclopentyl group Chemical group [H]C1([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C1([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000001559 cyclopropyl group Chemical group [H]C1([H])C([H])([H])C1([H])* 0.000 claims description 2
- LXSFGVACVWCFRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N dibutylazanium;n,n-dibutylcarbamate Chemical compound CCCC[NH2+]CCCC.CCCCN(C([O-])=O)CCCC LXSFGVACVWCFRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- WVDBSYPGKQYWSS-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioctadecylazanium;hydrogen carbonate Chemical compound OC([O-])=O.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC[NH2+]CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC WVDBSYPGKQYWSS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002270 dispersing agent Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000003438 dodecyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 2
- WAAUVORLARCBAF-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethylazanium;ethyl carbonate Chemical compound CC[NH3+].CCOC([O-])=O WAAUVORLARCBAF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- GPUHGQYNYJIMDZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethylazanium;n-ethylcarbamate Chemical compound CC[NH3+].CCNC([O-])=O GPUHGQYNYJIMDZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000003187 heptyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000001183 hydrocarbyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- RGEULEMUWRTZMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydrogen carbonate;2-methoxyethylazanium Chemical compound OC([O-])=O.COCC[NH3+] RGEULEMUWRTZMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- YCADFRFBAHDVOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydrogen carbonate;propan-2-ylazanium Chemical compound CC(C)[NH3+].OC([O-])=O YCADFRFBAHDVOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- NZYYSSZGIPELSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydrogen carbonate;pyridin-1-ium Chemical compound OC(O)=O.C1=CC=NC=C1 NZYYSSZGIPELSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000000959 isobutyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004973 liquid crystal related substance Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000696 magnetic material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 2
- NPHYYTMURMCAQE-UHFFFAOYSA-N morpholin-4-ium;n-morpholin-4-ylcarbamate Chemical compound C1COCC[NH2+]1.[O-]C(=O)NN1CCOCC1 NPHYYTMURMCAQE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- ZNCFDYXWEGLXGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-ethyl-n-hexylcarbamate;pyridin-1-ium Chemical compound C1=CC=[NH+]C=C1.CCCCCCN(CC)C([O-])=O ZNCFDYXWEGLXGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- IKVDMBQGHZVMRN-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-methyldecan-1-amine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCNC IKVDMBQGHZVMRN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- WBFJLQYCLUOFRY-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecylazanium;n-octadecylcarbamate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC[NH3+].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCNC([O-])=O WBFJLQYCLUOFRY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- XKFXSYSPQZRVOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecylazanium;octadecyl carbonate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC[NH3+].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCOC([O-])=O XKFXSYSPQZRVOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000002347 octyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000001147 pentyl group Chemical group C(CCCC)* 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920002120 photoresistant polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920000083 poly(allylamine) Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- MPXHWRXXJUKENG-UHFFFAOYSA-N propan-2-ylazanium;n-propan-2-ylcarbamate Chemical compound CC(C)[NH3+].CC(C)NC([O-])=O MPXHWRXXJUKENG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- TZRORHHMAGATLL-UHFFFAOYSA-N propan-2-ylazanium;propan-2-yl carbonate Chemical compound CC(C)[NH3+].CC(C)OC([O-])=O TZRORHHMAGATLL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000001436 propyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 2
- AOHJOMMDDJHIJH-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylenediamine Chemical compound CC(N)CN AOHJOMMDDJHIJH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyridine Natural products COC1=CC=CN=C1 UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000027756 respiratory electron transport chain Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000007650 screen-printing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011540 sensing material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000679 solder Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000004079 stearyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- XKXIQBVKMABYQJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M tert-butyl carbonate Chemical compound CC(C)(C)OC([O-])=O XKXIQBVKMABYQJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
- YSEKXGQQTHQQMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-butylazanium;hydrogen carbonate Chemical compound OC([O-])=O.CC(C)(C)[NH3+] YSEKXGQQTHQQMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- XBXCNNQPRYLIDE-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-butylcarbamic acid Chemical compound CC(C)(C)NC(O)=O XBXCNNQPRYLIDE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000013008 thixotropic agent Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010023 transfer printing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- NGUUMHKSNSFLOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methoxyethyl hydrogen carbonate Chemical compound COCCOC(O)=O NGUUMHKSNSFLOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 2
- JMPXSWBXXUOKFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-ethylhexylazanium;n-(2-ethylhexyl)carbamate Chemical compound CCCCC(CC)C[NH3+].CCCCC(CC)CNC([O-])=O JMPXSWBXXUOKFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- PIICEJLVQHRZGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylenediamine Chemical compound NCCN PIICEJLVQHRZGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 229920002873 Polyethylenimine Polymers 0.000 claims 1
- HPCHPXHPXLAKMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N [NH4+].C(CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC)NC([O-])=O Chemical compound [NH4+].C(CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC)NC([O-])=O HPCHPXHPXLAKMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 239000012620 biological material Substances 0.000 claims 1
- DDWQBJYWGXHLCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N butan-1-amine;butylcarbamic acid Chemical compound CCCC[NH3+].CCCCNC([O-])=O DDWQBJYWGXHLCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 125000000113 cyclohexyl group Chemical group [H]C1([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])C1([H])[H] 0.000 claims 1
- HSFZJWNDRZGOKZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioctadecyl carbonate N-octadecyloctadecan-1-amine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCNCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCOC(=O)OCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC HSFZJWNDRZGOKZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- AYGOKHJRGBNMGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioctadecylazanium;n,n-dioctadecylcarbamate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC[NH2+]CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCN(C([O-])=O)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC AYGOKHJRGBNMGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 239000002019 doping agent Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000004049 embossing Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000007647 flexography Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 125000003983 fluorenyl group Chemical group C1(=CC=CC=2C3=CC=CC=C3CC12)* 0.000 claims 1
- 229920001109 fluorescent polymer Polymers 0.000 claims 1
- 125000000623 heterocyclic group Chemical group 0.000 claims 1
- OHTVYCWHKKBBRY-UHFFFAOYSA-N morpholine-4-carboxylate morpholin-4-ium Chemical compound C(=O)(O)N1CCOCC1.N1CCOCC1 OHTVYCWHKKBBRY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 125000006318 tert-butyl amino group Chemical group [H]N(*)C(C([H])([H])[H])(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 claims 1
- 125000003396 thiol group Chemical group [H]S* 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000976 ink Substances 0.000 description 57
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 19
- 230000003746 surface roughness Effects 0.000 description 18
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 17
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 15
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 description 14
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- KWOLFJPFCHCOCG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetophenone Chemical compound CC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 KWOLFJPFCHCOCG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 239000011162 core material Substances 0.000 description 11
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 10
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 9
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- 239000007983 Tris buffer Substances 0.000 description 8
- MVPPADPHJFYWMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N chlorobenzene Chemical compound ClC1=CC=CC=C1 MVPPADPHJFYWMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 7
- ZWEHNKRNPOVVGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Butanone Chemical compound CCC(C)=O ZWEHNKRNPOVVGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dichloromethane Chemical compound ClCCl YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acetate Chemical compound CCOC(C)=O XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 6
- VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Hexane Chemical compound CCCCCC VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229920001467 poly(styrenesulfonates) Polymers 0.000 description 6
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 5
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O Ammonium Chemical compound [NH4+] QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 4
- HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chloroform Chemical compound ClC(Cl)Cl HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- IMNFDUFMRHMDMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Heptane Chemical compound CCCCCCC IMNFDUFMRHMDMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229920001609 Poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) Polymers 0.000 description 4
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- RDOXTESZEPMUJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N anisole Chemical compound COC1=CC=CC=C1 RDOXTESZEPMUJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- HQABUPZFAYXKJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N butan-1-amine Chemical compound CCCCN HQABUPZFAYXKJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- ZQAVAOYDHNUKHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N butan-1-amine;formic acid Chemical compound [O-]C=O.CCCC[NH3+] ZQAVAOYDHNUKHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- VZGDMQKNWNREIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrachloromethane Chemical compound ClC(Cl)(Cl)Cl VZGDMQKNWNREIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- CXWXQJXEFPUFDZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetralin Chemical compound C1=CC=C2CCCCC2=C1 CXWXQJXEFPUFDZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000002411 thermogravimetry Methods 0.000 description 4
- XNCMQRWVMWLODV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-phenylbenzimidazole Chemical compound C1=NC2=CC=CC=C2N1C1=CC=CC=C1 XNCMQRWVMWLODV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- DTFKRVXLBCAIOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylanisole Chemical compound COC1=CC=CC=C1C DTFKRVXLBCAIOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- SCZWJXTUYYSKGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5,12-dimethylquinolino[2,3-b]acridine-7,14-dione Chemical compound CN1C2=CC=CC=C2C(=O)C2=C1C=C1C(=O)C3=CC=CC=C3N(C)C1=C2 SCZWJXTUYYSKGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- KXDHJXZQYSOELW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbamic acid Chemical compound NC(O)=O KXDHJXZQYSOELW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000004305 biphenyl Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000003989 dielectric material Substances 0.000 description 3
- MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCOCCO MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000005525 hole transport Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000011368 organic material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920003227 poly(N-vinyl carbazole) Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 229920000553 poly(phenylenevinylene) Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 229920002098 polyfluorene Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- STTGYIUESPWXOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,9-dimethyl-4,7-diphenyl-1,10-phenanthroline Chemical compound C=12C=CC3=C(C=4C=CC=CC=4)C=C(C)N=C3C2=NC(C)=CC=1C1=CC=CC=C1 STTGYIUESPWXOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XEXHIBLRARSXCL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-cyanoethylazanium;hydrogen carbonate Chemical compound OC([O-])=O.[NH3+]CCC#N XEXHIBLRARSXCL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- MSDMPJCOOXURQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N C545T Chemical compound C1=CC=C2SC(C3=CC=4C=C5C6=C(C=4OC3=O)C(C)(C)CCN6CCC5(C)C)=NC2=C1 MSDMPJCOOXURQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- SIKJAQJRHWYJAI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Indole Chemical compound C1=CC=C2NC=CC2=C1 SIKJAQJRHWYJAI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Butanol Chemical compound CCCCO LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- BVCZEBOGSOYJJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium carbamate Chemical compound [NH4+].NC([O-])=O BVCZEBOGSOYJJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- VHYHVSRXSSRBCT-UHFFFAOYSA-N butylaminocarbamic acid Chemical compound CCCCNNC(O)=O VHYHVSRXSSRBCT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HQABUPZFAYXKJW-UHFFFAOYSA-O butylazanium Chemical compound CCCC[NH3+] HQABUPZFAYXKJW-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 2
- 125000002704 decyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 150000002334 glycols Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052741 iridium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000002576 ketones Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- UZKWTJUDCOPSNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N methoxybenzene Substances CCCCOC=C UZKWTJUDCOPSNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000012046 mixed solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- BYHCEONEBSDRMS-UHFFFAOYSA-N octylazanium;octyl carbonate Chemical compound CCCCCCCC[NH3+].CCCCCCCCOC([O-])=O BYHCEONEBSDRMS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920000620 organic polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- MHWOVQXLPHGLGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentylazanium;pentyl carbonate Chemical compound CCCCC[NH3+].CCCCCOC([O-])=O MHWOVQXLPHGLGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000008213 purified water Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011541 reaction mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- YYMBJDOZVAITBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N rubrene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1C(C1=C(C=2C=CC=CC=2)C2=CC=CC=C2C(C=2C=CC=CC=2)=C11)=C(C=CC=C2)C2=C1C1=CC=CC=C1 YYMBJDOZVAITBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrofuran Natural products C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IMNIMPAHZVJRPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethylenediamine Chemical compound C1CN2CCN1CC2 IMNIMPAHZVJRPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- JULFJTZPJNNMQK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2,3,4,5-pentakis-phenylbenzene Chemical group C1=CC=CC=C1C(C(=C1C=2C=CC=CC=2)C=2C=CC=CC=2)=CC(C=2C=CC=CC=2)=C1C1=CC=CC=C1 JULFJTZPJNNMQK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RYHBNJHYFVUHQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-Dioxane Chemical compound C1COCCO1 RYHBNJHYFVUHQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000001140 1,4-phenylene group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([*:2])=C([H])C([H])=C1[*:1] 0.000 description 1
- KMQPLEYEXDZOJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-naphthalen-2-ylanthracene Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C=C3C(C4=CC5=CC=CC=C5C=C4)=CC=CC3=CC2=C1 KMQPLEYEXDZOJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FPZWZCWUIYYYBU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-ethoxyethoxy)ethyl acetate Chemical compound CCOCCOCCOC(C)=O FPZWZCWUIYYYBU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FQJQNLKWTRGIEB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(4-tert-butylphenyl)-5-[3-[5-(4-tert-butylphenyl)-1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-yl]phenyl]-1,3,4-oxadiazole Chemical compound C1=CC(C(C)(C)C)=CC=C1C1=NN=C(C=2C=C(C=CC=2)C=2OC(=NN=2)C=2C=CC(=CC=2)C(C)(C)C)O1 FQJQNLKWTRGIEB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GEQBRULPNIVQPP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[3,5-bis(1-phenylbenzimidazol-2-yl)phenyl]-1-phenylbenzimidazole Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1N1C2=CC=CC=C2N=C1C1=CC(C=2N(C3=CC=CC=C3N=2)C=2C=CC=CC=2)=CC(C=2N(C3=CC=CC=C3N=2)C=2C=CC=CC=2)=C1 GEQBRULPNIVQPP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LXUJDFITFWBMQT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 2-ethylhexyl carbonate Chemical compound CCCCC(CC)COC([O-])=O LXUJDFITFWBMQT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- HVOAFLJLVONUSZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-ethylperoxythiophene Chemical compound CCOOC1=CC=CS1 HVOAFLJLVONUSZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HTBCQGGKQJBADY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methoxyethylazanium;2-methoxyethyl carbonate Chemical compound COCC[NH3+].COCCOC([O-])=O HTBCQGGKQJBADY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FEPKTMACMPNCGN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methoxyethylazanium;n-(2-methoxyethyl)carbamate Chemical compound COCC[NH3+].COCCNC([O-])=O FEPKTMACMPNCGN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VQGHOUODWALEFC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-phenylpyridine Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=CC=N1 VQGHOUODWALEFC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YVQJUBBIHHCNHX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3,3,5,5-tetrakis[2-(4-tert-butylphenyl)ethenyl]-4,4-dimethoxy-1-phenylcyclohexene Chemical group COC1(OC)C(C=CC=2C=CC(=CC=2)C(C)(C)C)(C=CC=2C=CC(=CC=2)C(C)(C)C)CC(C=2C=CC=CC=2)=CC1(C=CC=1C=CC(=CC=1)C(C)(C)C)C=CC1=CC=C(C(C)(C)C)C=C1 YVQJUBBIHHCNHX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HXWWMGJBPGRWRS-CMDGGOBGSA-N 4- -2-tert-butyl-6- -4h-pyran Chemical compound O1C(C(C)(C)C)=CC(=C(C#N)C#N)C=C1\C=C\C1=CC(C(CCN2CCC3(C)C)(C)C)=C2C3=C1 HXWWMGJBPGRWRS-CMDGGOBGSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZNJRONVKWRHYBF-VOTSOKGWSA-N 4-(dicyanomethylene)-2-methyl-6-julolidyl-9-enyl-4h-pyran Chemical compound O1C(C)=CC(=C(C#N)C#N)C=C1\C=C\C1=CC(CCCN2CCC3)=C2C3=C1 ZNJRONVKWRHYBF-VOTSOKGWSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AWXGSYPUMWKTBR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-carbazol-9-yl-n,n-bis(4-carbazol-9-ylphenyl)aniline Chemical compound C12=CC=CC=C2C2=CC=CC=C2N1C1=CC=C(N(C=2C=CC(=CC=2)N2C3=CC=CC=C3C3=CC=CC=C32)C=2C=CC(=CC=2)N2C3=CC=CC=C3C3=CC=CC=C32)C=C1 AWXGSYPUMWKTBR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RAPHUPWIHDYTKU-WXUKJITCSA-N 9-ethyl-3-[(e)-2-[4-[4-[(e)-2-(9-ethylcarbazol-3-yl)ethenyl]phenyl]phenyl]ethenyl]carbazole Chemical group C1=CC=C2C3=CC(/C=C/C4=CC=C(C=C4)C4=CC=C(C=C4)/C=C/C=4C=C5C6=CC=CC=C6N(C5=CC=4)CC)=CC=C3N(CC)C2=C1 RAPHUPWIHDYTKU-WXUKJITCSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DLFVBJFMPXGRIB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetamide Chemical compound CC(N)=O DLFVBJFMPXGRIB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DKPFZGUDAPQIHT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butyl acetate Natural products CCCCOC(C)=O DKPFZGUDAPQIHT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VVAPBITUZWYFPJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N C(C)C(CNC([O-])=O)CCCC.C(C)C(CN[NH2+]CC(CCCC)CC)CCCC Chemical compound C(C)C(CNC([O-])=O)CCCC.C(C)C(CN[NH2+]CC(CCCC)CC)CCCC VVAPBITUZWYFPJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AFRBDRQTZJKGPH-UHFFFAOYSA-N C(CCC)NC([O-])=O.C(CCC)[NH3+].C(CCC)NC(O)=O Chemical compound C(CCC)NC([O-])=O.C(CCC)[NH3+].C(CCC)NC(O)=O AFRBDRQTZJKGPH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GBBNJVLKTDPKBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N C(CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC)N(C([O-])=O)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC.C(CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC)[NH2+]CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC.C(CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC)NC([O-])=O.C(CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC)[NH2+]CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC Chemical compound C(CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC)N(C([O-])=O)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC.C(CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC)[NH2+]CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC.C(CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC)NC([O-])=O.C(CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC)[NH2+]CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC GBBNJVLKTDPKBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ITYIYXLWSGAWAK-UHFFFAOYSA-N C([O-])([O-])=O.C(CCCCCCC)[NH2+]CCCCCCCC.C(CCCCCCC)[NH2+]CCCCCCCC Chemical compound C([O-])([O-])=O.C(CCCCCCC)[NH2+]CCCCCCCC.C(CCCCCCC)[NH2+]CCCCCCCC ITYIYXLWSGAWAK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UHZYKITYADZYDG-UHFFFAOYSA-N COCC[NH3+].COCCNNC([O-])=O Chemical compound COCC[NH3+].COCCNNC([O-])=O UHZYKITYADZYDG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JPVYNHNXODAKFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cu2+ Chemical compound [Cu+2] JPVYNHNXODAKFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Formic acid Chemical compound OC=O BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 101000837344 Homo sapiens T-cell leukemia translocation-altered gene protein Proteins 0.000 description 1
- KWYHDKDOAIKMQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N,N',N'-tetramethylethylenediamine Chemical compound CN(C)CCN(C)C KWYHDKDOAIKMQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N O-Xylene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1C CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KNEZDIMTSPDCOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N O1C(=NC=C1)C1=CC=C(C=C)C=C1 Chemical compound O1C(=NC=C1)C1=CC=C(C=C)C=C1 KNEZDIMTSPDCOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000265 Polyparaphenylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000292 Polyquinoline Polymers 0.000 description 1
- XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-M Propionate Chemical compound CCC([O-])=O XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Styrene Natural products C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 102100028692 T-cell leukemia translocation-altered gene protein Human genes 0.000 description 1
- GBKYFASVJPZWLI-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Pt+2].N1C(C=C2C(=C(CC)C(C=C3C(=C(CC)C(=C4)N3)CC)=N2)CC)=C(CC)C(CC)=C1C=C1C(CC)=C(CC)C4=N1 Chemical compound [Pt+2].N1C(C=C2C(=C(CC)C(C=C3C(=C(CC)C(=C4)N3)CC)=N2)CC)=C(CC)C(CC)=C1C=C1C(CC)=C(CC)C4=N1 GBKYFASVJPZWLI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001242 acetic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- KXKVLQRXCPHEJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetic acid trimethyl ester Natural products COC(C)=O KXKVLQRXCPHEJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CUJRVFIICFDLGR-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetylacetonate Chemical compound CC(=O)[CH-]C(C)=O CUJRVFIICFDLGR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001338 aliphatic hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000004448 alkyl carbonyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- REDXJYDRNCIFBQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium(3+) Chemical compound [Al+3] REDXJYDRNCIFBQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000003277 amino group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000003868 ammonium compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000004982 aromatic amines Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000004945 aromatic hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZDZGIEOXEZDPPG-UHFFFAOYSA-N azane;ethyl carbamate Chemical class N.CCOC(N)=O ZDZGIEOXEZDPPG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000010290 biphenyl Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 125000006267 biphenyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- UFVXQDWNSAGPHN-UHFFFAOYSA-K bis[(2-methylquinolin-8-yl)oxy]-(4-phenylphenoxy)alumane Chemical compound [Al+3].C1=CC=C([O-])C2=NC(C)=CC=C21.C1=CC=C([O-])C2=NC(C)=CC=C21.C1=CC([O-])=CC=C1C1=CC=CC=C1 UFVXQDWNSAGPHN-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- ZZHGIUCYKGFIPV-UHFFFAOYSA-N butylcarbamic acid Chemical compound CCCCNC(O)=O ZZHGIUCYKGFIPV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000004657 carbamic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000004556 carbazol-9-yl group Chemical group C1=CC=CC=2C3=CC=CC=C3N(C12)* 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000011089 carbon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000004649 carbonic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002508 contact lithography Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 description 1
- VVOLVFOSOPJKED-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper phthalocyanine Chemical compound [Cu].N=1C2=NC(C3=CC=CC=C33)=NC3=NC(C3=CC=CC=C33)=NC3=NC(C3=CC=CC=C33)=NC3=NC=1C1=CC=CC=C12 VVOLVFOSOPJKED-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000412 dendrimer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000736 dendritic polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000005137 deposition process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003618 dip coating Methods 0.000 description 1
- OMJMPTCRIGZPSH-UHFFFAOYSA-N dipentylazanium hydrogen carbonate Chemical compound C([O-])(O)=O.C(CCCC)[NH2+]CCCCC OMJMPTCRIGZPSH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000007606 doctor blade method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005672 electromagnetic field Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005538 encapsulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- GKEMUBZAKCZMKO-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethane-1,2-diol;ethene Chemical group C=C.OCCO GKEMUBZAKCZMKO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000005678 ethenylene group Chemical class [H]C([*:1])=C([H])[*:2] 0.000 description 1
- 150000002170 ethers Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012467 final product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000001072 heteroaryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000002391 heterocyclic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- FUZZWVXGSFPDMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCC(O)=O FUZZWVXGSFPDMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 description 1
- URAIUJZJIHCZDJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydrogen carbonate octadecylazanium Chemical compound C([O-])(O)=O.C(CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC)[NH3+] URAIUJZJIHCZDJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002466 imines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- AMGQUBHHOARCQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N indium;oxotin Chemical compound [In].[Sn]=O AMGQUBHHOARCQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PZOUSPYUWWUPPK-UHFFFAOYSA-N indole Natural products CC1=CC=CC2=C1C=CN2 PZOUSPYUWWUPPK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RKJUIXBNRJVNHR-UHFFFAOYSA-N indolenine Natural products C1=CC=C2CC=NC2=C1 RKJUIXBNRJVNHR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GKOZUEZYRPOHIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iridium atom Chemical compound [Ir] GKOZUEZYRPOHIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004020 luminiscence type Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008204 material by function Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000813 microcontact printing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000002004 n-butylamino group Chemical group [H]N(*)C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 150000002825 nitriles Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- IOQPZZOEVPZRBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N octan-1-amine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCN IOQPZZOEVPZRBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000002524 organometallic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- DPBLXKKOBLCELK-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentan-1-amine Chemical compound CCCCCN DPBLXKKOBLCELK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KRIOVPPHQSLHCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenyl propionaldehyde Natural products CCC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 KRIOVPPHQSLHCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZUOUZKKEUPVFJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenylbenzene Natural products C1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=CC=C1 ZUOUZKKEUPVFJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000843 phenylene group Chemical group C1(=C(C=CC=C1)*)* 0.000 description 1
- IEQIEDJGQAUEQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N phthalocyanine Chemical compound N1C(N=C2C3=CC=CC=C3C(N=C3C4=CC=CC=C4C(=N4)N3)=N2)=C(C=CC=C2)C2=C1N=C1C2=CC=CC=C2C4=N1 IEQIEDJGQAUEQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SIOXPEMLGUPBBT-UHFFFAOYSA-M picolinate Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)C1=CC=CC=N1 SIOXPEMLGUPBBT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000002985 plastic film Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920006255 plastic film Polymers 0.000 description 1
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Substances [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000767 polyaniline Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000002861 polymer material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000128 polypyrrole Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000123 polythiophene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007761 roller coating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003384 small molecules Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004528 spin coating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002269 spontaneous effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003440 styrenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000000999 tert-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C(*)(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 150000003512 tertiary amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000005979 thermal decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000007970 thio esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000005309 thioalkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- TVIVIEFSHFOWTE-UHFFFAOYSA-K tri(quinolin-8-yloxy)alumane Chemical compound [Al+3].C1=CN=C2C([O-])=CC=CC2=C1.C1=CN=C2C([O-])=CC=CC2=C1.C1=CN=C2C([O-])=CC=CC2=C1 TVIVIEFSHFOWTE-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 239000008096 xylene Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D11/00—Inks
- C09D11/02—Printing inks
- C09D11/03—Printing inks characterised by features other than the chemical nature of the binder
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D11/00—Inks
- C09D11/30—Inkjet printing inks
- C09D11/38—Inkjet printing inks characterised by non-macromolecular additives other than solvents, pigments or dyes
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02104—Forming layers
- H01L21/02107—Forming insulating materials on a substrate
- H01L21/02225—Forming insulating materials on a substrate characterised by the process for the formation of the insulating layer
- H01L21/0226—Forming insulating materials on a substrate characterised by the process for the formation of the insulating layer formation by a deposition process
- H01L21/02282—Forming insulating materials on a substrate characterised by the process for the formation of the insulating layer formation by a deposition process liquid deposition, e.g. spin-coating, sol-gel techniques, spray coating
- H01L21/02288—Forming insulating materials on a substrate characterised by the process for the formation of the insulating layer formation by a deposition process liquid deposition, e.g. spin-coating, sol-gel techniques, spray coating printing, e.g. ink-jet printing
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K71/00—Manufacture or treatment specially adapted for the organic devices covered by this subclass
- H10K71/10—Deposition of organic active material
- H10K71/12—Deposition of organic active material using liquid deposition, e.g. spin coating
- H10K71/13—Deposition of organic active material using liquid deposition, e.g. spin coating using printing techniques, e.g. ink-jet printing or screen printing
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K71/00—Manufacture or treatment specially adapted for the organic devices covered by this subclass
- H10K71/10—Deposition of organic active material
- H10K71/12—Deposition of organic active material using liquid deposition, e.g. spin coating
- H10K71/13—Deposition of organic active material using liquid deposition, e.g. spin coating using printing techniques, e.g. ink-jet printing or screen printing
- H10K71/135—Deposition of organic active material using liquid deposition, e.g. spin coating using printing techniques, e.g. ink-jet printing or screen printing using ink-jet printing
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K71/00—Manufacture or treatment specially adapted for the organic devices covered by this subclass
- H10K71/10—Deposition of organic active material
- H10K71/12—Deposition of organic active material using liquid deposition, e.g. spin coating
- H10K71/15—Deposition of organic active material using liquid deposition, e.g. spin coating characterised by the solvent used
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K85/00—Organic materials used in the body or electrodes of devices covered by this subclass
- H10K85/10—Organic polymers or oligomers
- H10K85/111—Organic polymers or oligomers comprising aromatic, heteroaromatic, or aryl chains, e.g. polyaniline, polyphenylene or polyphenylene vinylene
- H10K85/113—Heteroaromatic compounds comprising sulfur or selene, e.g. polythiophene
- H10K85/1135—Polyethylene dioxythiophene [PEDOT]; Derivatives thereof
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K85/00—Organic materials used in the body or electrodes of devices covered by this subclass
- H10K85/60—Organic compounds having low molecular weight
- H10K85/631—Amine compounds having at least two aryl rest on at least one amine-nitrogen atom, e.g. triphenylamine
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
- Y02E10/549—Organic PV cells
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Condensed Matter Physics & Semiconductors (AREA)
- Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
- Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
- Electroluminescent Light Sources (AREA)
- Inks, Pencil-Leads, Or Crayons (AREA)
- Thin Film Transistor (AREA)
Description
本發明係關於一種供印刷用之墨水組合物,其可使供光電裝置用之材料加工成墨水,以便將該等材料直接用於一圖案化製程中。特定而言,本發明係關於一種供光電裝置用之印刷墨水組合物,其可使供製造光電裝置(例如有機發光二極體(OLEDs)或有機薄膜電晶體(OTFTs))用之核心材料的物理特性改質,使其修改為可用於印刷製程中,以直接圖案化該等材料。
近年來,光電裝置已在商業上獲得成功,且已被積極地研究以增加其應用範圍並降低成本。在此類光電裝置中,有機電致發光裝置或有機發光二極體(OLEDs)為具一陰極、一陽極及一介於兩電極間之以螢光或磷光為基礎之發光層的發光裝置。當將電流供至此類OLEDs時,電子與電洞在發光層內結合而發生自發性發光。OLEDs具有一簡單構造,可得自一簡單製程,並可實現高質感影像及寬廣視角。此外,OLEDs可完整地實現移動中的圖片、提供高色度並可在低電壓下、以低消耗功率來驅動,並因而非常適用於攜帶式電子系統。
更特定言之,OLED通常包含一陽極、一電動注入
層、一電洞傳輸層、一發光層、一電子傳輸層、一電子注入層及一陰極,依序堆疊於一基板上。大部分使用銦錫氧化物(ITO)作為陽極,且ITO可顯現低表面電阻及高傳輸。此外,上述之層於兩電極間形成一有機薄膜,以增加發光效能及使用期限。由於有機薄膜會被空氣中的水分及氧氣所影響,因而於有機薄膜上方形成一封裝層以增加OLED之使用期限。
欲有效形成此類具複數層結構之OLEDs,需要用於圖案化的昂貴真空室或遮罩。此外,OLEDs基本上具有在低溫下加工之限制。因此,在增加OLEDs應用範圍及降低成本方面有其困難的。於此情況下,迫切的需要一種製造OLEDs之新穎方法,以解決上述問題。
近年來,已積極地研究印刷製程來克服現有製程中的限制。舉例言之,噴墨印刷製程可來替代現有的沉積製程且與其相異。尤其是,噴墨製程會消耗少量的材料、具有高效能、可製造較大面積之裝置並可供低溫加工。因此,例如塑料薄膜之可撓基材可用於此類噴墨印刷製程中,進而大幅降低成本。因而國內及國外著名之公司與機構皆進行許多研究以開發此類印刷製程。可預期的是,噴墨技術可用於許多工業領域,包含電及電子工業、能源、顯示器及生物科學,且有助於各類工業產品的製造、節省成本及環保。
噴墨印刷技術係一種低噪音且具高成本效益之非接觸型印刷方法。根據噴灑類型,噴墨印刷製程可分為連續式噴出
製程及可控制式(drop-on-demand,DOD)製程。連續式噴出製程,係藉由改變電磁場來控制墨水的方向且同時以一泵來連續地噴灑墨水而進行印刷。DOD製程包含僅在需要時透過電信號來噴灑墨水。DOD製程可分為壓電噴墨製程,其包含利用一壓電板並經由電流造成動態變形,從而產生壓力;以及熱噴墨製程,其係利用因加熱所形成之泡泡的膨脹而產生的壓力。
使用上述噴墨製程來製造OLEDs之方法係揭露於,例如T.R.Hebner、C.C.Wu、D.Marcy、M.H.Lu及J.C.Sturm所著之「有機發光裝置用之經摻雜的聚合物之噴墨印刷」,Applied Physics Letters,Vol.72,No.5,pp.519-521,1998。根據習知技術之方法,係使用例如聚乙烯基咔唑或聚伸苯基乙烯(PPV)之聚合材料,但具有不均勻的液滴(droplet)尺寸及相對較差的光電特性的問題。此係起因於以下事實,即沒有可控制墨水組合物之黏性、表面張力、溶解度及乾燥後之膜均勻性之供噴墨印刷用的墨水組合物,來進行噴墨印刷。
為將例如OLEDs之光電裝置的核心材料(例如發光、電子傳輸或電洞傳輸有機材料)用於噴墨印刷製程中,所用之墨水組合物必須具有最適化之黏性、表面張力、溶解度、乾燥後之膜均勻性等。前述物理特性,可能會受到液滴形成系統、液滴尺寸及壓力下之黏性的影響。舉例言之,當使用一供光電裝置用之傳統噴墨系統時,所用之墨水可具5至15厘泊(cps)之最適化黏性,以維持良好的彈射能力。然而,多數商業上作為OLEDs
之核心材料的高效能及長使用期限化合物係具低溶解度及低分子量。因此,除了某些聚合物之外,係難以實現一適用於噴墨印刷製程之黏性。於此情況下,在使用各式添加劑等來調整墨水組合物之黏性後,進行噴射測試。然而,此等添加劑在乾燥後會繼續存在墨水組合物中並起異質材料的作用,進而不利地影響墨水組合物之電特性及光學特性。因此,墨水組合物無法維持其特有之色度座標、高效能及長的使用期限。此外,作為光電裝置(例如有機薄膜電晶體(OTFTs))之核心材料的有機材料(包含電介質、半導體及導體)在控制溶解度及分子量上有困難,以致於無法滿足噴墨印刷製程所需之物理特性。現有基於使用添加劑之黏性控制之噴墨製程的應用,在裝置製得之後會有因雜質所造成之介電質常數、電荷遷移率、導電率等的下降。
同時,韓國專利公開第2003-0058767號揭露一種藉由一滾筒塗覆製程來形成一OLED之有機發光層之方法,其中係使用一混合溶劑,以避免溶劑在將有機發光層塗覆至一基材上之前蒸發,且該混合溶劑包含一溶解度為1重量/體積-體積%(wt/v.v%)的第一溶劑、一揮發度為0.1或更少的第二溶劑、及一表面張力為30達因/公分(dyne/cm)或更少的第三溶劑。以此方式,該方法可藉助於高溶解度及表面張力來實現所得有機發光層之改良的印刷適性(printability)。然而,上述方法僅能在特定製程中改善有機聚合物之溶解度。此外,於根據有機聚合物之特定種類來選用溶劑之組合及調整黏性至一適用於印刷製程之程度並不容易。因
此,上述方法恐無法應用於供光電裝置用的各式材料。
換言之,目前已知供製造光電裝置用之墨水組合物,在控制黏性、溶解度及膜均勻性以便用於印刷製程(例如噴墨印刷製程)方面,是有困難的。因此,包含將光電材料加工為墨水及透過印刷形成膜之成膜製程,係受限於某些有機發光層之形成。所以此類已知的墨水組合物在製造可撓性裝置、較大面積之裝置及具成本效益之裝置的能力方面,係有所限制。
本發明之一實施態樣係關於提供一種墨水組合物,以將供光電裝置用之核心材料加工至墨水中以供印刷。該用來印刷供光電裝置(例如有機發光二極體(OLEDs)或有機薄膜電晶體(OTFTs))用之核心材料之墨水組合物,包含一具特定結構之化合物,有助於控制墨水黏性、溶解度及膜均勻性。該墨水組合物於低溫下可輕易地分解,因此該組合物不會對所得光電裝置之品質造成不利的影響。
本發明之另一實施態樣係關於提供一種印刷墨水組合物,其可用於各式供光電裝置用之核心材料中,並因而可製造可撓性裝置、大面積裝置及具成本效益之裝置。
在為獲得此種印刷墨水組合物而進行許多研究之後,已證明添加胺基甲酸銨化合物或碳酸銨化合物至一供光電裝置(例如OLEDs或OTFTs)用之印刷墨水組合物中,係有助於控制墨水黏性、溶解度及膜均勻性。此外,該胺基甲酸銨化合物或碳
酸銨化合物在完成其作用之後,可在低溫下自行分解並移除,因此該化合物之添加並不會對所得裝置之品質造成不利的影響。因此,將許多儘管具優異效能及使用期限特性但無法用作印刷墨水之化合物,加工成為墨水,以應用於印刷製程中是可能的。因而,可以低成本獲得可撓及大面積之光電裝置。
第1圖為本發明製備實施例1之化合物在熱重量分析(TGA)之後所得的溫度曲線圖;第2圖為一原子力顯微鏡圖,其顯現出藉由印刷實施例1之組合物所形成之表面的表面粗糙度;以及第3圖為一照片,其顯現出藉由印刷實施例4之組合物所形成之圖案的發光性。
以下將藉助於實施態樣之描述及後附圖式來顯現本發明之優點、特徵及範圍。
本發明係關於一種供製造光電裝置用之印刷墨水組合物,其係將供光電裝置用之材料加工為墨水,以便直接用於一圖案化製程中。特定言之,係藉由在加工供光電裝置(例如有機發光二極體(OLEDs)或有機薄膜電晶體(OTFTs))用之核心材料時,添加一由化學式(1)所代表之胺基甲酸銨化合物、一由化學式(2)所代表之碳酸銨化合物、一由化學式(3)所代表之碳
酸氫銨化合物、或其混合物,而獲得印刷墨水組合物:
於化學式(1)至(3)中,R1至R6係各自獨立選自H、羥基、C1至C30烷氧基、C1至C30烷基、C3至C30環烷基、C6至C20芳基及(C6至C20)芳基(C1至C30)烷基,或選自一經官能基取代之C1至C30烷基、經官能基取代之C6至C20芳基、雜環化合物、聚合化合物、及聚合化合物衍生物,其中當R1至R6各自代表一經取代或未經取代之烷基或芳烷基時,其於碳鏈上可更包含一選自N、S及O之雜原子,且R1及R2或R4及R5可透過一含或不含一雜原子之烯基而獨立形成一環。
化學式(1)至(3)中之R1至R6的特別、非限定之例子包含:H、甲基、乙基、丙基、異丙基、丁基、異丁基、戊基、己基、乙基己基、庚基、辛基、異辛基、壬基、癸基、十二基、十六基、十八基、二十二基(dococyl)、環丙基、環戊基、環己基、膽固醇基(cholesteryl)、烯丙基(allyl)、烴基、甲氧基、甲氧基乙基、甲氧基丙基、氰乙基、乙氧基、丁氧基、己氧基、甲氧基乙氧基乙基、甲氧基乙氧基乙氧基乙基、六亞甲亞胺
(hexamethylene imine)、嗎啉(morpholine)、哌啶(piperidine)、哌嗪(piperazine)、乙二胺、丙二胺、1,6-己二胺、三伸乙二胺、吡咯(pyrrole)、咪唑(imidazole)、吡啶(pyridine)、羧甲基(carboxymethyl)、三甲氧基矽丙基、三乙氧基矽丙基、苯基、甲氧基苯基、氰苯基、苯氧基、甲苯基(tolyl)、苯甲基及前述之衍生物,以及聚合化合物,包含聚烯丙胺(polyallylamine)、或聚哌嗪(polyethyleneimine)及其衍生物。
由化學式(1)所代表之氨基甲酸銨的特別例子包含:胺基甲酸銨、乙胺基甲酸乙銨(ethylammonium ethylcarbamate)、異丙胺基甲酸異丙銨(isopropylammonium isopropylcarbamate)、正丁胺基甲酸正丁銨(n-butylammonium n-butylcarbamate)、異丁胺基甲酸異丁銨(isobutylammonium isobutylcarbamate)、第三丁胺基甲酸第三丁銨(t-butylammonium t-butylcarbamate)、2-乙基己基胺基甲酸2-乙基己基銨(2-ethylhexylammonium 2-ethylhexylcarbamate)、十八胺基甲酸十八銨(octadecylammonium octadecylcarbamate)、2-甲氧基乙基胺基甲酸2-甲氧基乙基銨(2-methoxyethylammonium 2-methoxyethylcarbamate)、2-氰乙基胺基甲酸2-氰乙基銨(2-cyanoethylammonium 2-cyanoethylcarbamate)、二丁胺基甲酸二丁銨(dibutylammonium dibutylcarbamate)、二十八胺基甲酸二十八銨(dioctadecylammonium dioctadecylcarbamate)、甲基癸基胺基甲酸甲基癸基銨(methyldecylammonium methyldecyl
carbamate)、六亞甲亞胺胺基甲酸六亞甲亞胺銨(hexamethyleneimineammonium hexamethyleneiminecarbamate)、嗎啉胺基甲酸嗎啉(morpholinium morpholinecarbamate)、乙基己基胺基甲酸吡啶鎓(pyridinium ethylhexylcarbamate)、異丙基二胺基甲酸三伸乙二銨(triethylenediaminium isopropylbicarbamate)、苯甲基胺基甲酸苯甲基銨(benzylammonium benzylcarbamate)、三乙氧基矽丙基胺基甲酸三乙氧基矽丙基銨(triethoxysilylpropylammonium triethoxysilylpropylcarbamate)及前述之衍生物。胺基甲酸銨化合物可單獨使用或以組合形式使用。由化學式(2)所代表之碳酸銨的特定例子包含:碳酸銨、乙基碳酸乙基銨(ethylammonium ethylcarbonate)、異丙基碳酸異丙基銨(isopropylammonium isopropylcarbonate)、正丁基碳酸正丁基銨(n-butylammonium n-butylcarbonate)、異丁基碳酸異丁基銨(isobutylammonium isobutylcarbonate)、第三丁基碳酸第三丁基銨(t-butylammonium t-butylcarbonate)、2-乙基己基碳酸2-乙基己基銨(2-ethylhexylammonium 2-ethylhexylcarbonate)、2-甲氧基乙基碳酸2-甲氧基乙基銨(2-methoxyethylammonium 2-methoxyethylcarbonate)、2-氰乙基碳酸2-氰乙基銨(2-cyanoethylammonium 2-cyanoethylcarbonate)、十八基碳酸十八基銨(octadecylammonium octadecylcarbonate)、二丁基碳酸二丁基銨(dibutylammonium dibutylcarbonate)、二十八基碳酸二十
八基銨(dioctadecylammonium dioctadecylcarbonate)、甲基癸基碳酸甲基癸基銨(methyldecylammonium methyoldecylcarbonate)、六亞甲亞胺碳酸六亞甲亞胺銨(hexamethyleneimineammonium hexamethyleneiminecarbonate)、嗎啉碳酸嗎啉銨(morpholineammonium morpholinecarbonate)、苯甲基碳酸苯甲基銨(benzylammonium benzylcarbonate)、三乙氧基矽丙基碳酸三乙氧基矽丙基銨(triethoxysilylpropylammonium triethoxysilylpropylcarbonate)、異丙基碳酸三伸乙二銨(triethylenediaminium isopropylcarbonate)及前述之衍生物。碳酸銨化合物可單獨使用或以組合形式使用。由化學式(3)所代表之碳酸氫銨的特定例子包含:碳酸氫銨、碳酸氫異丙基銨(isopropylammonium bicarbonate)、碳酸氫第三丁基銨(t-butylammonium bicarbonate)、碳酸氫2-乙基己基銨(2-ethylhexylammonium bicarbonate)、碳酸氫2-甲氧基乙基銨(2-methoxyethylammonium bicarbonate)、碳酸氫2-氰乙基銨(2-cyanoethylammonium bicarbonate)、碳酸氫二十八基銨(dioctadecylammonium bicarbonate)、碳酸氫吡啶鎓(pyridinium bicarbonate)、碳酸氫三伸乙二銨(triethylenediaminium bicarbonate)及前述之衍生物。碳酸氫銨化合物可單獨使用或以組合形式使用。
於化學式(1)至(3)中,R1至R6取代基中之至少一者係C1至C20取代基,尤其係C3至C20取代基之化合物,係可提供
與有機溶劑間的良好溶混性及低溫下的高分解能力。
用以製備氨基甲酸銨或碳酸銨化合物之方法並無特殊限制。舉例言之,根據J.Am.Chem.Soc.,70,p 3865(1948)、J.Am.Chem.Soc.,73,p 1820(1951)、J.Prakt.Chem.,9,p 917(1959)、J.Am.Chem.Soc.,123,p 10393(2001)、Langmuir,18,7124(2002)、及美國專利第4,542,214號(1985.9.17),可由一第一胺、第二胺、第三胺、或其混合物及二氧化碳製得該等化合物。亦經指出,可於環境壓力或加壓下、於不存在或存在溶劑的情況下製得該等化合物。可用之溶劑的特定例子包含:醇,例如甲醇、乙醇、異丙醇或丁醇;二醇,例如乙二醇乙烯或甘油;乙酸酯,例如乙酸乙酯、乙酸丁酯或二乙二醇一乙醚乙酸酯(carbitol acetate);醚,例如二乙醚、四氫呋喃(tetrahydrofuran)或二氧雜環己烷(dioxane);酮,例如甲乙酮或丙酮;碳氫化合物,例如己烷或庚烷;芳族溶劑,例如苯或甲苯;以及鹵化溶劑,例如三氯甲烷、二氯甲烷或四氯化碳。此外,二氧化碳可為發泡的氣態或以固體乾冰的形式提供。再者,可於超臨界狀態下進行該反應。
然而,亦可使用除了前述方法之外的任何已知方法,只要最終產品(胺基甲酸銨或碳酸銨衍生物)具有相同結構即可。換言之,在製備胺基甲酸銨或碳酸胺化合物時,溶劑、反應溫度、濃度、催化劑、產率等並無特殊限制。
又,併入根據本發明之供製造光電裝置用之印刷墨
水組合物中、由化學式(1)至(3)中任一者所代表之化合物或其混合物的量亦無特殊限制,只要墨水組合物可維持其作為印刷墨水之特性即可。通常,以印刷墨水組合物之總重量計,化合物可以0.01重量%至90重量%,特別是0.05重量%至90重量%,更特別是0.1重量%至70重量%之量來添加。當量少於0.01重量%時,在添加化合物後無法獲得有效的效果。另一方面,當量高於90重量%時,在使用印刷墨水組合物形成一膜之後,由於其他組分的量(包含供光電裝置用之材料、溶劑等)過度地減少,難以獲得所欲之特性。
除了由化學式(1)至(3)中任一者所代表之化合物或其混合物之外,本發明之供製造光電裝置用之印刷墨水組合物可更包含添加劑,例如溶劑、穩定劑、分散劑、黏結劑樹脂、還原劑、界面活性劑、潤濕劑(wetting agent)、觸變劑(thixotropic agent)或流平劑(leveling agent)。
用於印刷墨水組合物中之溶劑並無特殊限制,只要溶劑不會對印刷墨水組合物產生不利的影響即可。舉例言之,可使用至少一選自以下群組之溶劑:水;醇,例如甲醇或乙醇;二醇,例如乙二醇乙烯;酯,乙酸甲酯或乙酸乙酯;醚,例如二乙醚、四氫呋喃、苯甲醚或甲苯甲醚;酮,例如丙酮、甲乙酮或苯乙酮;脂族烴,例如己烷或庚烷;芳族烴,例如苯、甲苯、二甲苯或四氫萘;以及鹵化溶劑,例如二氯甲烷、三氯甲烷、四氯化碳或氯苯。
本發明之印刷墨水組合物,係包含一供製造光電裝置用之材料。該材料可為選自以下群組之任一者:通常用以製造光電裝置(例如OLEDs或OTFTs)之有機材料、有機/無機混合物及有機金屬複合物,或光電功能之材料,只要該材料可溶解於溶劑中即可。可使用以其他方法難以加工成墨水以供直接圖案化印刷的各式結構及功能的材料。
供製造光電裝置用之材料的特定例子包含:聚合物,例如包含聚噻吩(polythiophenes)、聚對亞苯(poly-p-phenylenes)、聚對苯乙烯(poly-p-phenylenevinylenes)、聚茀(polyfluorenes)、聚氰聚合物、聚苯胺(polyanilines)、聚喹啉(polyquinolines)、聚乙烯咔唑(polyvinylcarbazoles,PVK)及聚吡咯(polypyrroles)之同元聚合物,包含聚茀乙烯(polyfluorenevinylenes)、聚螺環茀(polyspirofluorenes)及聚芳胺乙烯(polyarylaminevinylenes)之具有至少兩種重覆單元之共聚物,包含聚(3,4-伸乙基-二氧噻吩)-聚(苯乙烯磺酸鹽)(poly(3,4-ethylene-dioxythiophene)-poly(styrene sulfonate),PEDOT/PSS)之各種用以增加溶解度之聚合衍生物,包含綠色發光聚合物(例如可得自Merck之SPG-020)之電致發光聚合物;低分子量聚合物,例如4,4’,4”-三(N-(2-萘基)-N-苯基-胺基)-三苯胺(2-TNATA)及其衍生物、4,4’,4”-三(3-甲基苯基苯基胺基)-三苯胺(m-MTDATA)及其衍生物、N,N’-雙-(1-萘基)-N,N’-二苯基-1,1’-二苯基-4,4’-二胺(NPB)及其衍生物、四苯基-聯苯
二胺(TPD)及其衍生物、N,N,N’,N’-四(2-萘基苯基)(1,1’-二苯基)-4,4’-二胺(TNB)及其衍生物、三(8-羥基喹啉)鋁(AlQ3)及其衍生物、銅(II)酞菁(Cu(II)phthalocyanine,CuPC)及其衍生物、9,10-二(2-萘基)蒽(AND)及其衍生物、1,4-雙(2,2-二苯基乙烯基)二苯基(DPVBi)及其衍生物、1,3-雙[(對第三丁基苯基)-1,3,4-噁二唑]苯(1,3-bis[(p-tert-butyl)phenyl-1,3,4-oxadiazoyl]benzene,OXD-7)及其衍生物、5,12-二氫-5,12-二甲基喹[2,3-b]吖啶-7,14-二酮(5,12-dihydro-5,12-dimethylquino[2,3-b]acridine-7,14-dione,DMQA)及其衍生物、4,4’-雙(9-乙基-3-咔唑乙烯)-1,1-二苯基(4,4’-bis(9-ethyl-3-carbazovinylene)-1,1’-biphenyl,DCzVBi)及其衍生物、經芳胺取代之聯苯乙烯(DSA-胺)及其衍生物、4-(二氫伸乙基)-2-甲基-6-(喀啶-4-基-乙烯基)-4H-喃(4-(dicyanomethylene)-2-methyl-6-(julolidin-4-yl-vinyl)-4H-pyrane,DCM2)及其衍生物、5,6,11,12-四苯基稠四苯(5,6,11,12-tetraphenylnaphthacene,紅螢烯(Rubrene))及其衍生物、4,4’,4”-三(咔唑-9-基)-三苯基胺(TCTA)及其衍生物、4,4’-雙(咔唑-9-基)-二苯基(CBP)及其衍生物、雙-(2-甲基-8-羥基喹啉)-4-(苯基苯酚)鋁(III)(bis-(2-methyl-8-quinolinolato)-4-(phenylphenolato)-aluminum(III),BAlq)及其衍生物、2,9-二甲基-4,7-二苯基-1,10-菲咯啉(2,9-dimethyl-4,7-diphenyl-1,10-phenanthroline,BCP)及其衍生
物、10-(2-苯並噻唑基)-1,1,7,7-四甲基-2,3,6,7-四氫-1H,5H,11H-[1]苯並吡喃並[6,7,8-ij]喹嗪-11-酮(10-(2-benzothiazolyl)-1,1,7,7-tetramethyl-2,3,6,7-tetrahydro-1H,5H,11H-[1]benzopyrano[6,7,8-ij]quinolizin-11-one,C-545T)及其衍生物、4-(二氰甲基)-2-第三丁基-6-(1,1,7,7-四甲基喀啶-4-基-乙烯基)-4H-喃(4-(dicyanomethyl)-2-tert-butyl-6-(1,1,7,7-tetramethyljuloidine-4-yl-vinyl)-4H-pyrane,DCJTB)及其衍生物、2,2’,2”-(1,3,5-亞苯)三(1-苯基-1H-苯並咪唑)(2,2’-2”-(1,3,5-phenylene)tris(1-phenyl-1H-benzimidazole),TPBI)及其衍生物、三[2-(2-吡啶基苯基)-C,N]-銥(tris[2-(2-pyridinyl)phenyl-C,N]-iridium,Ir(ppy)3)及其衍生物、雙(2-(2’-苯並噻吩基)-吡啶基-N,C-3’)銥(bis(2-(2’-benzothienyl)-pyridinato-N,C-3’)iridium)(乙醯丙酮鹽(acetylacetonate))(btp2Ir[acac])及其衍生物、雙(2-(4,6-二氟苯基)吡啶基-N,C-2’)銥(bis(2-(4,6-difluorophenyl)pyridinato-N,C-2’)iridinium)(吡啶甲酸鹽(picolinate))(FIrpic)及其衍生物、八乙基卟啉鉑(II)(Pt(II)octaethylporphorin,PtOEP)及其衍生物、2,6-雙(4-咔唑苯乙烯基)-乙基己基苯甲醚(2,6-bis(4-carbazolestyryl)-ethylhexylanisole)及其衍生物。上述材料係溶解於用於印刷墨水組合物中之溶劑中。
特定言之,供OLEDs用之核心材料的典型例子(即發光材料、電洞注入材料、電洞傳輸材料、電子傳輸材料及電子注入材料)以及供OTFTs用之核心材料的典型例子(即有機半導體材料、導體聚合物材料及介電質材料),係如下表1所示。
除了前述用以形成OLEDs及OTFTs之核心材料之外,亦可將其他用以製造有機光電裝置之材料加工成墨水,以便利地使用以製造裝置,該等材料例如可為光碟材料、光致變色材料、光化學燒孔(photochemical hole burning,PHB)材料、液晶材料、雷射色素(laser pigments)材料、線性及非線性光學材料、光阻材料、光敏材料、照相材料(photographic materials)、光導材料、有機太陽能電池材料、導電材料、電致變色材料、離子導電材料、焦電材料(pyroelectric materials)、電荷轉移複合物、介電質材料、壓電材料、感測材料、磁性材料、光電功能生物材料等。在現有的製程下,此類材料並不易加工成印刷墨水。前述材料之特別例子係如以下表2所示。此外,以下所示之材料可經適當地取代,以改善裝置之品質,包含黏著力、薄膜特性等。
於表1及表2所示之結構中,n及m係各自代表一正整數;R係一取代基且其非限定實例包含烷基、芳基、雜芳基、烷氧基、烷基羰基、三烷基矽烷基羰基、亞胺、醚、酯、腈、硫烷氧基(thioalkoxy)、硫酯(thioester)、胺基、乙烯基、氫原子等。如表1及表2所示,供OLEDs或OTFTs用之材料可具任何類型及功能,例如螢光、磷光、電荷轉移、電子轉移、低分子量化合物、樹枝狀聚合物(dendrimers)、寡聚物(oligomers)、聚合物、或混合物。此外,上述材料亦可以各式組合形式來使用。
根據本發明之印刷墨水組合物可用於不同的塗覆製程,包含旋轉塗覆、滾筒塗覆、噴灑塗覆、浸漬塗覆(dip coating)、淋流塗覆、刮刀塗覆(doctor blade coating)、點膠(dispensing)等。特定言之,該印刷墨水組合物可用於可同時進行塗覆及圖案化之印刷製程中,此類印刷製程之例子包含噴墨印刷、平版印刷、凹版印刷、凹版-平板印刷、柔版印刷、網版印刷、移轉印刷、微接觸印刷、錫膏印刷、壓印等。
以下將闡述實施例及試驗。以下實施例及試驗僅係用以說明,並非意欲限制本揭露之範圍。
將100克(1.367莫耳)正丁胺通入一裝設有一攪拌器及一氣體入口之250毫升的密封加壓反應器中。接著,於室溫下將二氧化碳氣體逐漸通入該反應器中,並使其進行反應。當反應持續進行時,二氧化碳的消耗量會減少,直至二氧化碳不再消耗反應即已充分地完成。以此方式,可獲得128.85克(產率:99%,0.677莫耳)白色粉末狀之正丁胺基甲酸正丁銨。所得化合物之熱分解特性係透過化合物之熱重量分析(TGA)溫度曲線而測得,如圖1所示。由圖1可得知,該化合物於一低於120℃之溫度下即完全分解。
將100克(0.774莫耳)正辛基胺及6.97克(0.387莫耳)純化水導入一裝設有一攪拌器及一氣體入口之250毫升的Schlenk燒瓶中。接著,將二氧化碳氣體逐漸通入該瓶中且同時以冷卻水將反應混合物維持在30℃或更低的溫度,並在攪拌的情況下,使該混合物反應2小時。當反應持續進行時,該反應混合物的黏性會增加。最後,可獲得119.08克(產率:96%,0.372莫耳)清澈液態之正辛基碳酸正丁基銨。
將100克(1.147莫耳)戊基胺及20.65克(1.147莫耳)純化水導入一裝設有一攪拌器及一氣體入口之250毫升的Schlenk燒瓶中。接著,於室溫下將二氧化碳氣體逐漸通入該反應器中,
並使其進行反應。當反應持續進行時,二氧化碳的消耗量會減少,直至二氧化碳不再消耗反應即已充分地完成為止。以此方式,可獲得148.95克(產率:99%,1.136莫耳)清澈液態之戊基碳酸氫戊基銨。
添加3克聚(3,4-伸乙二氧噻吩)/聚(苯乙烯磺酸鹽)(PEDOT/PSS,可得自Aldrich Co.)、1克得自製備實施例1之正丁胺基甲酸正丁銨、及3克乙醇(可得自Aldrich Co.)至一裝設有一攪拌器之10毫升的燒瓶中。接著,於室溫下將所得混合物攪拌10分鐘並以一0.2微米之膜過濾器過濾該混合物,以提供一供噴墨印刷用之組合物。測量該組合物之黏性、表面張力、印刷適性及表面粗糙度,結果如下表3所示。噴墨印刷適性係使用DMP-2813系統來測量,該噴墨印刷適性係藉由將該組合物印刷於一玻璃基材上至一80奈米之厚度而測得,隨後於150℃下乾燥10分鐘,以測量表面粗糙度。如第2圖所示,將該墨水組合物用於噴墨印刷之後,由該印刷所形成之表面係以表面粗糙度的形式、使用原子力顯微鏡(AFM)來評估,該表面顯現出一1.23奈米之平均Ra值。此證明該墨水組合物在噴墨印刷之後可形成一具優異表面粗糙度之膜。
添加0.1克2,6-雙-(4-咔唑苯乙烯基)-乙基己基苯甲醚(可得自Inctech Co.Ltd.)、2克得自製備實施例1之正丁胺基甲酸正丁銨、4克甲基苯甲醚(可得自Aldrich Co.)及4克苯乙酮(可得自Aldrich Co.)至一裝設有一攪拌器之20毫升的燒瓶中。接著,於室溫下將所得混合物攪拌10分鐘並以一0.2微米之膜過濾器過濾該混合物,以提供一供噴墨印刷用之組合物。測量該組合物之黏性、表面張力、印刷適性及表面粗糙度,其結果係如下表3所示。噴墨印刷適性係使用DMP-2813系統來測量並以實施例1中所述之相同方法來進行評估。
添加0.1克3,3,5,5-四(4-第三丁基苯乙烯基)-4,4-二甲氧基聯苯(可得自Inctech Co.Ltd.)、1.5克得自製備實施例2之正辛基碳酸正辛基銨、2.5克甲苯(可得自Aldrich Co.)及6克四氫萘(可得自Aldrich Co.)至一裝設有一攪拌器之20毫升的燒瓶中。接著,於室溫下將所得混合物攪拌10分鐘並以一0.2微米之膜過濾器過濾該混合物,以提供一供噴墨印刷用之組合物。測量該組合物之黏性、表面張力、印刷適性及表面粗糙度,其結果係如下表3所示。噴墨印刷適性係使用DMP-2813系統來測量並以實施例1中所述之相同方法來進行評估。
添加0.1克SPG-020綠色發光聚合物(可得自Merck)、3克得自製備實施例3之戊基碳酸氫戊基銨、2克氯苯(可
得自Aldrich Co.)及5克四氫萘(可得自Aldrich Co.)至一裝設有一攪拌器之20毫升的燒瓶中。接著,於室溫下將所得混合物攪拌10分鐘並以一0.2微米之膜過濾器過濾該混合物,以提供一供噴墨印刷用之組合物。測量該組合物之黏性、表面張力、印刷適性及表面粗糙度,其結果係如下表3所示。噴墨印刷適性係使用DMP-2813系統來測量並以實施例1中所述之相同方法來進行評估。第3圖為該組合物之噴墨印刷所形成之發光圖案的照片。由第3圖的結果可看出,該組合物可充分地實現綠色發光。
添加0.2克4,4’,4”-三(N-(2-萘基)-N-苯基-胺基)-三苯胺、1.5克得自製備實施例1之正丁胺基甲酸正丁銨、2克甲苯(可得自Aldrich Co.)、2克氯苯(可得自Aldrich Co.)及3.5克苯乙酮(可得自Aldrich Co.)至一裝設有一攪拌器之20毫升的燒瓶中。接著,於室溫下將所得混合物攪拌10分鐘並以一0.2微米之膜過濾器過濾該混合物,以提供一供噴墨印刷用之組合物。測量該組合物之黏性、表面張力、印刷適性及表面粗糙度,其結果係如下表3所示。噴墨印刷適性係使用DMP-2813系統來測量並以實施例1中所述之相同方法來進行評估。
添加0.1克2,2’,2”-(1,3,5-亞苯)三(1-苯基-1H-苯並咪唑)、2.5克得自製備實施例1之正丁胺基甲酸正丁銨、2.5克甲苯(可得自Aldrich Co.)及5克苯乙酮(可得自Aldrich Co.)至
一裝設有一攪拌器之20毫升的燒瓶中。接著,於室溫下將所得混合物攪拌10分鐘並以一0.2微米之膜過濾器過濾該混合物,以提供一供噴墨印刷用之組合物。測量該組合物之黏性、表面張力、印刷適性及表面粗糙度,其結果係如下表3所示。噴墨印刷適性係使用DMP-2813系統來測量並以實施例1中所述之相同方法來進行評估。
添加1克2,6-雙(4-咔唑苯乙烯基)-乙基己基苯甲醚(可得自Inctech Co.Ltd.)、50克得自製備實施例1之正丁胺基甲酸正丁銨、25克甲基苯甲醚(可得自Aldrich Co.)及25克苯乙酮(可得自Aldrich Co.)至一裝設有一攪拌器之200毫升的燒瓶中。接著,於室溫下將所得混合物攪拌30分鐘並以一0.2微米之膜過濾器過濾該混合物,以提供一供微凹版印刷用之組合物。測量該組合物之黏性、表面張力、印刷適性及表面粗糙度,其結果係如下表3所示。印刷適性係藉由將該組合物印刷於一PET上至一80奈米之厚度而評估,隨後於150℃下乾燥10分鐘,以測量表面粗糙度。
添加30克PEDOT/PSS(可得自Aldrich Co.)、80克得自製備實施例1之正丁胺基甲酸正丁銨及30克乙醇(可得自Aldrich Co.)至一裝設有一攪拌器之200毫升的燒瓶中。接著,於室溫下將所得混合物攪拌30分鐘並以一0.2微米之膜過濾器過濾該混合物,以提供一供柔版印刷用之組合物。測量該組合物之黏性、表
面張力、印刷適性及表面粗糙度,其結果係如下表3所示。印刷適性係藉由將該組合物印刷於一PET上至一80奈米之厚度而評估,隨後於150℃下乾燥10分鐘,以測量表面粗糙度。[比較例1]
添加0.1克2,6-雙(4-咔唑苯乙烯基)-乙基己基苯甲醚(可得自Inctech Co.Ltd.)、6克甲基苯甲醚(可得自Aldrich Co.)及4克苯乙酮(可得自Aldrich Co.)至一裝設有一攪拌器之20毫升的燒瓶中。接著,於室溫下將所得混合物攪拌10分鐘並以一0.2微米之膜過濾器過濾該混合物,以提供一供印刷用之組合物。測量該組合物之黏性、表面張力、印刷適性及表面粗糙度,其結果係如下表3所示。噴墨印刷適性係使用DMP-2813系統來測量並以實施例1中所述之相同方法來進行評估。
添加0.1克SPG-020綠色發光聚合物(可得自Merck)、5克氯苯(可得自Aldrich Co.)及5克四氫萘(可得自Aldrich Co.)至一裝設有一攪拌器之20毫升的燒瓶中。接著,於室溫下將所得混合物攪拌10分鐘並以一0.2微米之膜過濾器過濾該混合物,以提供一供微凹版印刷用之組合物。測量該組合物之黏性、表面張力、印刷適性及表面粗糙度,其結果係如下表3所示。印刷適性係藉由將該組合物印刷於一PET上至一80奈米之厚度而評估,隨後於150℃下乾燥10分鐘,以測量表面粗糙度。
表3
由表3之結果可看出,相較於比較例1之組合物,實施例2之含有正丁胺基甲酸正丁銨的組合物具一適用於噴墨印刷之黏性、顯現出優異的印刷適性、且於印刷之後可提供一顯著改良之表面粗糙度。
此外,相較於比較例2之化合物,實施例7之組合物具一較高之黏性、於凹版印刷過程中可顯現出優異的印刷適性、且於印刷之後可提供一顯著經改良之表面粗糙度。
如上所述,由於本發明之供光電裝置用之印刷墨水組合物含有一胺基甲酸銨或碳酸銨化合物,其可輕易的控制墨水黏性、供製造光電材料用之材料的溶解度、膜均勻性等。此外,
胺基甲酸銨或碳酸銨化合物即便在低溫下亦可自行分解及移除,進而不會對最終裝置之品質產生不利的影響。許多材料(即具優異之效能及使用期限但以其他方法係難以印刷墨水之形式來使用者)可成功地加工成墨水,以便用於一印刷製程中。因此,本發明之印刷墨水組合物係有助於製造可撓性及較大面積之光電裝置並有助於節省成本。
儘管已以特定實施態樣來闡述本發明,應瞭解熟悉本領域技術者可在不背離本發明之精神及範圍之情況下改變或修改本發明,如後附申請專利範圍所界定。
Claims (7)
- 一種供製造光電裝置用之印刷墨水組合物,其係藉由將供光電裝置用之材料加工成墨水,以便直接用於一圖案化製程中,該印刷墨水組合物係包含,以該組合物之總重計,0.01重量%至90重量%且選自由以下化學式(1)至(3)所代表之化合物之一化合物或其混合物:
- 如請求項1之供製造光電裝置用之印刷墨水組合物,其中R1至R6係獨立選自以下群組:H、甲基、乙基、丙基、異丙基、丁基、異丁基、戊基、己基、乙基己基、庚基、辛基、異辛 基、壬基、癸基、十二基、十六基、十八基、二十二基(dococyl)、環丙基、環戊基、環己基、膽固醇基(cholesteryl)、烯丙基(allyl)、烴基、甲氧基、甲氧基乙基、甲氧基丙基、氰乙基、乙氧基、丁氧基、己氧基、甲氧基乙氧基乙基、甲氧基乙氧基乙氧基乙基、六亞甲亞胺(hexamethylene imine)、嗎啉(morpholine)、哌啶(piperidine)、哌嗪(piperazine)、乙二胺、丙二胺、1,6-己二胺、三伸乙二胺、吡咯(pyrrole)、咪唑(imidazole)、吡啶(pyridine)、羧甲基(carboxymethyl)、三甲氧基矽丙基、三乙氧基矽丙基、苯基、甲氧基苯基、氰苯基、苯氧基、甲苯基(tolyl)、苯甲基、聚烯丙胺(polyallylamine)、聚哌嗪(polyethyleneimine)及前述之衍生物。
- 如請求項1之供製造光電裝置用之印刷墨水組合物,其中由化學式(1)所代表之化合物係至少一選自以下群組之化合物:胺基甲酸銨、乙胺基甲酸乙銨(ethylammonium ethylcarbamate)、異丙胺基甲酸異丙銨(isopropylammonium isopropylcarbamate)、正丁胺基甲酸正丁銨(n-butylammonium n-butylcarbamate)、異丁胺基甲酸異丁銨(isobutylammonium isobutylcarbamate)、第三丁胺基甲酸第三丁銨(t-butylammonium t-butylcarbamate)、2-乙基己基胺基甲酸2-乙基己基銨(2-ethylhexylammonium 2-ethylhexylcarbamate)、十八胺基甲酸十八銨(octadecylammonium octadecylcarbamate)、2-甲氧基乙基胺基甲酸2-甲氧基乙基銨(2-methoxyethylammonium 2-methoxyethylcarbamate)、2-氰乙基胺基甲酸2-氰乙基銨(2-cyanoethylammonium 2-cyanoethylcarbamate)、二丁胺基甲酸二丁銨(dibutylammonium dibutylcarbamate)、二十八胺基甲酸二十八銨(dioctadecylammonium dioctadecylcarbamate)、甲基癸基胺基甲酸甲基癸基銨(methyldecylammonium methyldecyl carbamate)、六亞甲亞胺胺基甲酸六亞甲亞胺銨(hexamethyleneimineammonium hexamethyleneiminecarbamate)、嗎啉胺基甲酸嗎啉(morpholinium morpholinecarbamate)、乙基己基胺基甲酸吡啶鎓(pyridinium ethylhexylcarbamate)、異丙基二胺基甲酸三伸乙二銨(triethylenediaminium isopropylbicarbamate)、苯甲基胺基甲酸苯甲基銨(benzylammonium benzylcarbamate)、三乙氧基矽丙基胺基甲酸三乙氧基矽丙基銨(triethoxysilylpropylammonium triethoxysilylpropylcarbamate)及前述之衍生物、或前述之混合物;由化學式(2)所代表之化合物係至少一選自以下群組之化合物:碳酸銨、乙基碳酸乙基銨(ethylammonium ethylcarbonate)、異丙基碳酸異丙基銨(isopropylammonium isopropylcarbonate)、正丁基碳酸正丁基銨(n-butylammonium n-butylcarbonate)、異丁基碳酸異丁基銨(isobutylammonium isobutylcarbonate)、第三丁基碳酸第三丁基銨(t-butylammonium t-butylcarbonate)、2-乙基己基碳酸2-乙基己基銨(2-ethylhexylammonium 2-ethylhexylcarbonate)、2-甲氧基乙基碳酸2-甲氧基乙基銨(2-methoxyethylammonium 2-methoxyethylcarbonate)、2-氰乙基碳酸2-氰乙基銨(2-cyanoethylammonium 2-cyanoethylcarbonate)、十八基碳酸十八基銨(octadecylammonium octadecylcarbonate)、二丁基碳酸二丁基銨(dibutylammonium dibutylcarbonate)、二十八基碳酸二十八基銨(dioctadecylammonium dioctadecylcarbonate)、甲基癸基碳酸甲基癸基銨(methyldecylammonium methyoldecylcarbonate)、六亞甲亞胺碳酸六亞甲亞胺銨(hexamethyleneimineammonium hexamethyleneiminecarbonate)、嗎啉碳酸嗎啉銨(morpholineammonium morpholinecarbonate)、苯甲基碳酸苯甲基銨(benzylammonium benzylcarbonate)、三乙氧基矽丙基碳酸三乙氧基矽丙基銨(triethoxysilylpropylammonium triethoxysilylpropylcarbonate)、異丙基碳酸三伸乙二銨(triethylenediaminium isopropylcarbonate)及前述之衍生物、或前述之混合物;由化學式(3)所代表之化合物係至少一選自以下群組之化合物:碳酸氫銨、碳酸氫異丙基銨(isopropylammonium bicarbonate)、碳酸氫第三丁基銨(t-butylammonium bicarbonate)、碳酸氫2-乙基己基銨(2-ethylhexylammonium bicarbonate)、碳酸氫2-甲氧基乙基銨(2-methoxyethylammonium bicarbonate)、碳酸氫2-氰乙基銨(2-cyanoethylammonium bicarbonate)、碳酸氫二十八基銨(dioctadecylammonium bicarbonate)、碳酸氫吡啶鎓(pyridinium bicarbonate)、碳酸氫三伸乙二銨(triethylenediaminium bicarbonate)及前述之衍生物、或前 述之混合物。
- 如請求項1之供製造光電裝置用之印刷墨水組合物,其中該光電裝置包含有機發光二極體(organic light emitting diodes,OLEDs)或有機薄膜電晶體(organic thin film transistors,OTFTs)。
- 如請求項1之供製造光電裝置用之印刷墨水組合物,其中該供光電裝置用之材料係選自以下群組:螢光聚合物、磷光聚合物、主體材料、摻雜物材料、電洞轉移材料、電子轉移材料、有機半導體材料、光碟材料、光致變色材料、光化學燒孔(photochemical hole burning,PHB)材料、液晶材料、雷射色素(laser pigments)、光學材料、光阻材料、光敏材料、照相材料(photographic materials)、光導材料、電荷轉移複合物、離子導電材料、焦電材料(pyroelectric materials)、感測材料、電致變色材料、壓電材料、磁性材料、光電功能生物材料、有機太陽能電池材料及前述之組合。
- 如請求項1之供製造光電裝置用之印刷墨水組合物,其係用於一選自以下群組之印刷製程:噴墨印刷、平版印刷、網版印刷、移轉印刷、凹版印刷、柔版印刷、錫膏印刷及壓印。
- 如請求項1之供製造光電裝置用之印刷墨水組合物,更包含至少一選自以下群組之添加劑:溶劑、穩定劑、分散劑、黏結劑樹脂、還原劑、界面活性劑、潤濕劑(wetting agent)、觸變劑(thixotropic agent)及流平劑(leveling agent)。
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
KR20080033386A KR100934752B1 (ko) | 2008-04-10 | 2008-04-10 | 광전자 소자용 잉크 조성물 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
TW201406875A TW201406875A (zh) | 2014-02-16 |
TWI530538B true TWI530538B (zh) | 2016-04-21 |
Family
ID=41377740
Family Applications (2)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
TW102138041A TWI530538B (zh) | 2008-04-10 | 2009-04-08 | 供光電裝置用之墨水組合物 |
TW098111641A TWI530537B (zh) | 2008-04-10 | 2009-04-08 | 供光電裝置用之墨水組合物 |
Family Applications After (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
TW098111641A TWI530537B (zh) | 2008-04-10 | 2009-04-08 | 供光電裝置用之墨水組合物 |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (2) | US20110024668A1 (zh) |
JP (1) | JP5154690B2 (zh) |
KR (1) | KR100934752B1 (zh) |
CN (1) | CN102027079B (zh) |
TW (2) | TWI530538B (zh) |
WO (1) | WO2009145504A2 (zh) |
Families Citing this family (18)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
KR100922810B1 (ko) * | 2007-12-11 | 2009-10-21 | 주식회사 잉크테크 | 흑화 전도성 패턴의 제조방법 |
JP2013527980A (ja) * | 2010-04-12 | 2013-07-04 | メルク パテント ゲーエムベーハー | 改良された性能を有する組成物 |
JP6015073B2 (ja) * | 2012-04-02 | 2016-10-26 | セイコーエプソン株式会社 | 機能層形成用インク、発光素子の製造方法 |
JP6331349B2 (ja) * | 2013-11-19 | 2018-05-30 | セイコーエプソン株式会社 | 機能層形成用インク、有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子の製造方法 |
CN106795386A (zh) | 2014-07-25 | 2017-05-31 | 科迪华公司 | 有机薄膜油墨组合物和方法 |
KR20170015813A (ko) * | 2015-07-31 | 2017-02-09 | 주식회사 잉크테크 | 금속 카바메이트 전구체를 이용한 세라믹 잉크 또는 세라믹 피그먼트의 제조방법과 이에 의해 제조되는 세라믹 잉크 또는 세라믹 피그먼트 |
CN105038408B (zh) * | 2015-08-14 | 2020-01-07 | 广州华睿光电材料有限公司 | 印刷油墨及应用其印刷而成的电子器件 |
KR20180048690A (ko) * | 2015-08-31 | 2018-05-10 | 카티바, 인크. | 디- 및 모노(메트)아크릴레이트 기초 유기 박막 잉크 조성물 |
WO2017102052A1 (en) * | 2015-12-16 | 2017-06-22 | Merck Patent Gmbh | Formulations containing a solid solvent |
JP6661365B2 (ja) * | 2015-12-17 | 2020-03-11 | 東芝テック株式会社 | インクジェットインク並びに有機薄膜太陽電池の製造方法及び製造装置 |
WO2017218895A1 (en) * | 2016-06-17 | 2017-12-21 | Lawrence Livermore National Security, Llc | Laser gain media fabricated via direct ink writing (diw) and ceramic processing |
KR20180021278A (ko) * | 2016-08-18 | 2018-03-02 | 주식회사 잉크테크 | 금속 전구체 및 세라믹 안료를 포함하는 세라믹 잉크의 제조방법 및 이에 의해 제조되는 세라믹 잉크 |
WO2018070679A1 (ko) * | 2016-10-13 | 2018-04-19 | 주식회사 엘지화학 | 유기트랜지스터 및 가스센서 |
CN118510305A (zh) | 2017-04-21 | 2024-08-16 | 柯狄公司 | 用于形成有机薄膜的组合物和技术 |
KR102001613B1 (ko) * | 2017-05-24 | 2019-07-18 | 주식회사 엘지화학 | 유기전자장치 |
JP7194467B1 (ja) | 2021-10-29 | 2022-12-22 | ニタコンサルタント株式会社 | 水検知センサ及びこれに用いる水電池並びに冠水検知方法 |
CN115340463B (zh) * | 2022-08-24 | 2023-12-26 | 温州大学新材料与产业技术研究院 | 磷光主体化合物及其制备方法、磷光材料和应用 |
CN115558399B (zh) * | 2022-10-14 | 2023-11-07 | 江苏中新瑞光学材料有限公司 | 一种耐候电致变色涂料及其制备方法 |
Family Cites Families (19)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4600598A (en) * | 1983-07-11 | 1986-07-15 | The Lilly Company | Conductive coatings |
JPS61163975A (ja) * | 1985-01-16 | 1986-07-24 | Nissan Chem Ind Ltd | 導電性塗料組成物 |
JPH06248212A (ja) * | 1993-02-26 | 1994-09-06 | Canon Inc | インク、これを用いたインクジェット記録方法及びかかるインクを用いた機器 |
US6110265A (en) * | 1999-04-27 | 2000-08-29 | Xerox Corporation | Ink compositions |
EP1086998A3 (en) * | 1999-09-24 | 2002-01-09 | Canon Kabushiki Kaisha | Bubble-jet ink, method of producing ink and ink-jet recording method |
TW503255B (en) * | 1999-09-27 | 2002-09-21 | Ciba Sc Holding Ag | Electroluminescent devices comprising diketopyrrolopyrroles |
US6288141B1 (en) * | 2000-04-03 | 2001-09-11 | Xerox Corporation | Ink compositions |
JP2002313567A (ja) * | 2001-04-18 | 2002-10-25 | Sony Corp | 有機電界発光素子及びその製造方法 |
US6680578B2 (en) * | 2001-09-19 | 2004-01-20 | Osram Opto Semiconductors, Gmbh | Organic light emitting diode light source |
US6726755B2 (en) * | 2002-02-08 | 2004-04-27 | Xerox Corporation | Ink compositions containing phthalocyanines |
KR20050022188A (ko) | 2003-08-25 | 2005-03-07 | 주식회사 트랜스텍코리아 | 발포성 열전사물 제조방법 |
EP1846422B1 (en) * | 2005-02-07 | 2016-04-13 | Inktec Co., Ltd. | Organic silver complexes, their preparation methods and their methods for forming thin layers |
PL1853671T3 (pl) * | 2005-03-04 | 2014-01-31 | Inktec Co Ltd | Tusze przewodzące i sposób ich wytwarzania |
KR100712879B1 (ko) * | 2005-04-06 | 2007-04-30 | 주식회사 잉크테크 | 에칭액 조성물 |
KR20060071388A (ko) | 2006-06-06 | 2006-06-26 | 엔알디테크 주식회사 | 패치 안테나를 이용한 밀리미터파 대역용 송수신기 시스템 |
KR100832002B1 (ko) * | 2006-08-07 | 2008-05-23 | 주식회사 잉크테크 | 저저항 금속 패턴 형성방법 |
EP2752470A1 (en) | 2006-08-07 | 2014-07-09 | Inktec Co., Ltd. | Process for preparation of silver nanoparticles, and the compositions of silver ink containing the same |
JP4621193B2 (ja) * | 2006-11-24 | 2011-01-26 | キヤノン株式会社 | 液体組成物、インクジェット記録方法、及びインクジェット記録用インクセット |
US20090274834A1 (en) * | 2008-05-01 | 2009-11-05 | Xerox Corporation | Bimetallic nanoparticles for conductive ink applications |
-
2008
- 2008-04-10 KR KR20080033386A patent/KR100934752B1/ko active IP Right Grant
-
2009
- 2009-04-07 WO PCT/KR2009/001782 patent/WO2009145504A2/ko active Application Filing
- 2009-04-07 US US12/936,871 patent/US20110024668A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2009-04-07 JP JP2011503901A patent/JP5154690B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2009-04-07 CN CN2009801167856A patent/CN102027079B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2009-04-08 TW TW102138041A patent/TWI530538B/zh not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2009-04-08 TW TW098111641A patent/TWI530537B/zh not_active IP Right Cessation
-
2013
- 2013-12-16 US US14/107,620 patent/US9786843B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CN102027079A (zh) | 2011-04-20 |
US9786843B2 (en) | 2017-10-10 |
KR20090107874A (ko) | 2009-10-14 |
US20140106492A1 (en) | 2014-04-17 |
JP5154690B2 (ja) | 2013-02-27 |
KR100934752B1 (ko) | 2009-12-30 |
CN102027079B (zh) | 2013-07-24 |
TW201000577A (en) | 2010-01-01 |
TWI530537B (zh) | 2016-04-21 |
WO2009145504A3 (ko) | 2010-01-21 |
WO2009145504A2 (ko) | 2009-12-03 |
JP2011519981A (ja) | 2011-07-14 |
US20110024668A1 (en) | 2011-02-03 |
TW201406875A (zh) | 2014-02-16 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
TWI530538B (zh) | 供光電裝置用之墨水組合物 | |
US8722207B2 (en) | Organometallic compound, organic electroluminescence device and composition employing the same | |
US7345301B2 (en) | Mixtures of matrix materials and organic semiconductors capable of emission, use of the same and electronic components containing said mixtures | |
US8871360B2 (en) | Organometallic compound and organic electroluminescence device employing the same | |
TWI530493B (zh) | 苯并咪唑化合物及具有該化合物之有機光電裝置 | |
JP5628830B2 (ja) | フェナントロリン誘導体を含む電子素子 | |
US11512039B2 (en) | Aromatic amine derivatives, preparation methods therefor, and uses thereof | |
Pu et al. | Solution-processable organic fluorescent dyes for multicolor emission in organic light emitting diodes | |
KR100897260B1 (ko) | 백색 발광 나노입자 분산액 및 이를 이용한 유기광전소자 | |
Zhang et al. | Red non-doped electroluminescent dyes based on arylamino fumaronitrile derivatives | |
CN100509995C (zh) | 基质材料和能够发光的有机半导体的混合物、其用途和含有所述混合物的电子元件 | |
WO2018095383A1 (zh) | 氘代芳香胺衍生物及其制备方法和用途 | |
US20230389414A1 (en) | Organic compounds and uses thereof in organic eletronic devices | |
Oh et al. | Triplet bipolar host materials for solution processed organic light-emitting devices | |
KR100865661B1 (ko) | 페닐카바졸기를 갖는 고분자 화합물 및 이를 이용한 고분자전계발광소자 | |
KR100834447B1 (ko) | 페닐카바졸기를 갖는 고분자 화합물 및 이를 이용한 고분자전계발광소자 | |
KR100913610B1 (ko) | 금속착체를 포함하는 다성분 발광 나노입자 및 이를이용한 유기광전소자 | |
KR101997999B1 (ko) | 결정화 방지 첨가제를 포함하는 유기 발광 소자 | |
CN114058206A (zh) | 电子传输层墨水及发光器件 | |
CN114456158A (zh) | 有机化合物、混合物、组合物及有机电子器件 | |
KR100851622B1 (ko) | 색소 또는 염료를 도판트로 하는 다성분 발광 나노입자 및이를 이용한 유기광전소자 | |
Lee et al. | High-mobility hole-transporting polymers for electroluminescence applications |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
MM4A | Annulment or lapse of patent due to non-payment of fees |