TWI359714B - Method for inhibiting the formation of palladium-n - Google Patents

Method for inhibiting the formation of palladium-n Download PDF

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Publication number
TWI359714B
TWI359714B TW097145555A TW97145555A TWI359714B TW I359714 B TWI359714 B TW I359714B TW 097145555 A TW097145555 A TW 097145555A TW 97145555 A TW97145555 A TW 97145555A TW I359714 B TWI359714 B TW I359714B
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Taiwan
Prior art keywords
tin
nickel
palladium
solder
metal
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TW097145555A
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English (en)
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TW201020054A (en
Inventor
Cheng En Ho
Wei Hsiang Wu
Cheng Shiuan Lin
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Univ Yuan Ze
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Priority to TW097145555A priority Critical patent/TWI359714B/zh
Priority to US12/352,979 priority patent/US20100127047A1/en
Publication of TW201020054A publication Critical patent/TW201020054A/zh
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Publication of TWI359714B publication Critical patent/TWI359714B/zh

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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23KSOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K1/00Soldering, e.g. brazing, or unsoldering
    • B23K1/20Preliminary treatment of work or areas to be soldered, e.g. in respect of a galvanic coating
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23KSOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K35/00Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
    • B23K35/22Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by the composition or nature of the material
    • B23K35/24Selection of soldering or welding materials proper
    • B23K35/26Selection of soldering or welding materials proper with the principal constituent melting at less than 400 degrees C
    • B23K35/262Sn as the principal constituent
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23KSOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K35/00Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
    • B23K35/22Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by the composition or nature of the material
    • B23K35/24Selection of soldering or welding materials proper
    • B23K35/26Selection of soldering or welding materials proper with the principal constituent melting at less than 400 degrees C
    • B23K35/268Pb as the principal constituent
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23KSOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K35/00Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
    • B23K35/40Making wire or rods for soldering or welding
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H05ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05KPRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
    • H05K3/00Apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits
    • H05K3/30Assembling printed circuits with electric components, e.g. with resistor
    • H05K3/32Assembling printed circuits with electric components, e.g. with resistor electrically connecting electric components or wires to printed circuits
    • H05K3/34Assembling printed circuits with electric components, e.g. with resistor electrically connecting electric components or wires to printed circuits by soldering
    • H05K3/3457Solder materials or compositions; Methods of application thereof
    • H05K3/3463Solder compositions in relation to features of the printed circuit board or the mounting process
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H05ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05KPRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
    • H05K3/00Apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits
    • H05K3/22Secondary treatment of printed circuits
    • H05K3/24Reinforcing the conductive pattern
    • H05K3/244Finish plating of conductors, especially of copper conductors, e.g. for pads or lands

Description

1359714 100-9-13 六、發明說明: 【發明所屬之技術領域】 本發明是有關於一種可避免銲點的銲接界面脆化的 方法,且特別是有關於一種藉由添加微量的鋼於銲點中, 以抑制鈀_鎳-錫介金屬於銲點中生成的方法。 【先前技術】 • 印刷電路板(PCB)及晶片承載(chip carrier)基板上有許 多銲點(solder joints),且這些銲點與印刷電路板或晶片承 載基板的線路層的接觸面,在銲接前需經表面處理 • finish)。舉例來說,可在線路層的銲墊上形成鎳-把(Ni/pd) 雙金屬層或鎳-鈀-金(Ni/Pd/Au)三金屬層等表面處理方 式,以防止銲墊氧化並增加銲點與銲墊的可靠度。 圖1A繪示習知經銲接後的銲點的剖面圖。圖修示 圖1A中的銲點經熱處理後的剖面圖。請參照圖ia,1面 纽層110酉己置於鲜塾u,而銲點m配置於表面處理 層110上。在麵接之後,表面處理層中的把與鎳會於 銲點120内生成鈀-鎳-錫介金屬(pd_Ni_Sn)122,且表^處 理層110中的鎳會與銲點120中的錫反應而於兩者的界面 上生成錫化鎳介金屬(Ni3Sn4^ 124。 然後,請參照圖1B,鈀-鎳_錫介金屬122在銲點12〇 經固態熱處理後(即仿效電子零件於高溫長時間使用後,鲜 點的狀態)會逐漸遷移㈣_接界面,祕錫化鎳介金屬 層Π4上形成一鈀-鎳-錫介金屬層122&。由於錫化鎳介金 3 1359714 100-9-13 屬層124與鈀·鎳·錫介金屬層122a之界面F容易脆裂,故 界面F的產生將嚴重影響銲點120之強度及可靠度,並造 成電子元件之損壞。 為解決上述把-鎳-錫介金屬122在銲點120内所造成 的問題,可能的解決方法是降低鍍鈀層之厚度(目前鈀厚度 一般在0.05〜〇.2 μηι),以減少在銲料12〇中所生成的鈀_ 鎳-錫,金屬122。如此一來,可減少鈀_鎳_錫介金屬122 回到銲接界面之質量,進而減低界面脆化之可能性。然而, 此種方式將有下列三種缺點(i)若鍍層不勻,則易直接裸露 =塾p或表面處理層11G中的金屬;⑼打線(wire_b〇nd) 品質降低;(iii)無法完全根除鈀_鎳_錫介金屬122的生成, 且存在於銲點120中之鈀-鎳-錫介金屬122則可能對銲料 強度造成不良之影響。 此外,由於現今的電子元件不斷地朝向輕薄短小化的 方向發展。g)此,未來的封裝尺度將隨之大_小。此一 趨勢將使得封裝結射的銲點尺寸隨之縮小。而銲點尺寸 的縮小將降低前述之減少鈀_鎳_錫介金屬的效果。 ,·詳、田而σ,覆晶技術⑺Φ chiP)是目前最重要的封裝技 術之-’其採用的銲點直徑約在励卿左右,此鲜點體 積(與直#三切紅峨是現行球矩料封裝(bga)録 點體積的1/125 (目前常見之遍銲錫球直徑約是· ㈣。覆晶封裝的銲觸含德層體積(與輝點直徑二次方 卩是球轉式封裝的料之崎體積的1/25(假設 層厚度R變下)。由於銲雜積的縮小幅度遠比含叙量 1359714 100-9-13 的縮^幅度*大,因此,小銲點驗濃度將遠大於大詳點 的把濃度。換言之,覆晶封裝之銲點將具有更高比例之干叙· 鎳-錫介金屬,因此,鈀_鎳_錫介金屬對覆晶封裝之銲點的 【發明内容】 本發明提供—種抑制鈀_鎳_錫介金屬於銲點十生 φ 方法,可提升銲點界面的可靠度。 、本發明提出—種抑制鈀-鎳-錫介金屬於銲點中生成的 方法。f先’提供-輝料。接著,將微量的銅添加至輝料 中。然後’將銲料配置於一含鎳_鈀之表面處理層上。之後, 使銲料形成-銲點,並藉由銅的作用反應而生成銅也錄_ 錫介金屬,以抑制鈀-鎳-錫介金屬於銲點中生成。 在本發明之一實施例中,添加的銅的含量佔銲料的重 量百分比為0.05%至5%。 在本發明之一實施例中,銲料的材質包括鉛錫合金、 _ 舰合金、錫銅合金、_合金或前述材料之組合。 在本發明之一實施例中,表面處理層為鈀鎳_金三金 屬層。 綜上所述’本發明是藉由在銲料中添加微量的銅來抑 制鮮點中生成易脆的鈀_鎳_錫介金屬,以提升銲點界面之 可靠度。 為讓本發明之上述特徵和優點能更明顯易懂,下文特 舉貫施例,並配合所附圖式作詳細說明如下。 5 100-9-13 【實施方式】 f 2A繪示本發明-實施例之經銲接後的鲜點 圖。圖叫會示圖2A令的銲點經熱處理後的剖面圖。面 如下施例之抑制鈀-鎳-錫介金屬於銲點中生成的方法 2先,提供-銲料,銲料的材f例如是錯錫合 =合金、錫銅合金、鄕合金讀料料之組合,, ;他適合_合金。接著,將微量的銅與微量的鋅至少^ 旦二ΐΐ至鲜料中。添加的銅的含量例如是佔銲料的重 %至5%,而添加的鋅的含量例如是佔銲 枓的重量百分比為0_05%至1〇%。 疋彳占知 然後,請參照圖2Α,將銲料配置於 220 ·.-孟二金屬層。表面處理層22〇可配置於一川上'、 =作為銲塾230之表面處理層,銲墊2 〇上奶 等導電性質良好的材料。 可貝例如為銅 之後’將銲料銲接至表面處理層22 成一銲點210,並μ*納七拉伽炸」 乂便知料形 作用反應而生成及表面處理層220的 屬…合示、,介金屬212或辞★♦錫介金 的作用日反庳ΓϊΛ、疋藉由銅、辞、輝料及表面處理層220 習知銲點Ϊ的介金屬(未繚示)。此時, 点。屬與錫化錄介金屬將不再生 序,11 α,在銲料中添加銅與鋅至少其中一 效抑秦锡介金屬觸化齡金屬生成鱗點210中。 6 100-9-13 微量“為=並明,在本實施例中是以添加 銅介金屬可強化锡化銅Μ8115)介金屬,錫化 圖。此圖二是 鈀-錄-錫人1屈”表面處理層220之界面僅會產生一鋼- 勺扪^屬層2123、一鋅-鈀-鎳·錫介金屬層(未綠示) 鎳·錫介金屬⑷ ) 金屬與錫化鎳介金屬。 %妫;丨 層或屬層—鋅I鎳-錫介金屬 , 0,; °由此可知’採用含銅與鋅至少其中之-的 二。曰放抑制易脆的鈀'"鎳-錫介金屬與錫化鎳介金屬之 | =杯.种生成’進而可大幅提昇銲點界面之可靠度。 旦上所述,本發明是#由在銲料巾添加微量的銅與微 :屬:L中之一來抑制銲點中生成易脆的鈀I锡介 、、w认ί升干點界面之可靠度。此外,由於本發明的方 /谷Ί知的銲點製程’故本發明的方法實用性高。 雖然本發明已以實施例揭露如上,並相以限定 :明,任何所屬技術領域中具有通常知識者,在不脫離 毛明之精神和範圍内,當可作些許之更動與顯,故本 X明之保護範圍當視後社+料利範圍所界定者為準。 7 1359714 100-9-13 【圖式簡單說明】 圖1A繪示習知經銲接後的銲點的剖面圖。 圖1B繪示圖1A中的銲點經熱處理後的剖面圖。 圖2A繪示本發明一實施例之經銲接後的銲點的剖面 圖。 圖2B繪示圖2A中的銲點經熱處理後的剖面圖。 【主要元件符號說明】 110、220 :表面處理層 120、210 :銲點 122 :鈀-鎳-錫介金屬 122a :鈀-鎳-錫介金屬層 124 :錫化鎳介金屬層 212 :銅-鈀-鎳-錫介金屬 212a :銅-鈀-鎳-錫介金屬層 230、P :銲墊

Claims (1)

1359714 100-9-13 七、申請專利範圍: 1. 一種抑制鈀-鎳-錫介金屬於銲點中生成的方法,包 括: 提供一銲料; 將微量的銅添加至該銲料中;
將該銲料配置於一含鎳-鈀的表面處理層上;以及 使該銲料形成一銲點,並藉由銅的作用反應而生成銅 -鈀-鎳-錫介金屬,以抑制鈀-鎳-錫介金屬於該鋅點中生成。 2. 如申請專利範圍第1項所述之抑制鈀-鎳-錫介金屬 於銲點中生成的方法,其中添加的銅的含量佔該銲料的重 量百分比為0.05%至5%。 3. 如申請專利範圍第1項所述之抑制鈀-鎳-錫介金屬 於銲點中生成的方法,其中該銲料的材質包括鉛錫合金、 錫銀合金、錫銅合金、叙錫合金或前述材料之組合。
4. 如申請專利範圍第1項所述之抑制鈀-鎳-錫介金屬 於銲點中生成的方法,其中該表面處理層為鎳-鈀-金三金 屬層。 9
TW097145555A 2008-11-25 2008-11-25 Method for inhibiting the formation of palladium-n TWI359714B (en)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
TW097145555A TWI359714B (en) 2008-11-25 2008-11-25 Method for inhibiting the formation of palladium-n
US12/352,979 US20100127047A1 (en) 2008-11-25 2009-01-13 Method of inhibiting a formation of palladium-nickel-tin intermetallic in solder joints

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
TW097145555A TWI359714B (en) 2008-11-25 2008-11-25 Method for inhibiting the formation of palladium-n

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TW201020054A TW201020054A (en) 2010-06-01
TWI359714B true TWI359714B (en) 2012-03-11

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US20100127047A1 (en) 2010-05-27

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