TWI286171B - A highly water-resistant polyester nonwoven fabric - Google Patents
A highly water-resistant polyester nonwoven fabric Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- TWI286171B TWI286171B TW93107494A TW93107494A TWI286171B TW I286171 B TWI286171 B TW I286171B TW 93107494 A TW93107494 A TW 93107494A TW 93107494 A TW93107494 A TW 93107494A TW I286171 B TWI286171 B TW I286171B
- Authority
- TW
- Taiwan
- Prior art keywords
- woven fabric
- layer
- woven
- polyester
- fiber
- Prior art date
Links
- 239000004745 nonwoven fabric Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 123
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 86
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 71
- 229920001410 Microfiber Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 84
- 229920005672 polyolefin resin Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 229920001225 polyester resin Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 239000004645 polyester resin Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 130
- -1 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 55
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 claims description 39
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 37
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000009987 spinning Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 229920000098 polyolefin Polymers 0.000 claims description 10
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000009736 wetting Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000001336 alkenes Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N olefin Natural products CCCCCCCC=C JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000008595 infiltration Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000001764 infiltration Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000002759 woven fabric Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 14
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 130
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 29
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 28
- 239000002609 medium Substances 0.000 description 11
- 230000002209 hydrophobic effect Effects 0.000 description 10
- 239000003658 microfiber Substances 0.000 description 9
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 9
- 239000005022 packaging material Substances 0.000 description 8
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 description 7
- 230000001580 bacterial effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000004049 embossing Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000010894 electron beam technology Methods 0.000 description 5
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- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 4
- QQVIHTHCMHWDBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N isophthalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC(C(O)=O)=C1 QQVIHTHCMHWDBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229920001684 low density polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 239000004702 low-density polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 4
- XNGIFLGASWRNHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N phthalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(O)=O XNGIFLGASWRNHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000004566 building material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 3
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- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 description 3
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- 230000001954 sterilising effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000004659 sterilization and disinfection Methods 0.000 description 3
- RFFLAFLAYFXFSW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-dichlorobenzene Chemical compound ClC1=CC=CC=C1Cl RFFLAFLAYFXFSW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VZSRBBMJRBPUNF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-2-ylamino)-N-[3-oxo-3-(2,4,6,7-tetrahydrotriazolo[4,5-c]pyridin-5-yl)propyl]pyrimidine-5-carboxamide Chemical compound C1C(CC2=CC=CC=C12)NC1=NC=C(C=N1)C(=O)NCCC(N1CC2=C(CC1)NN=N2)=O VZSRBBMJRBPUNF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- MKYBYDHXWVHEJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-[1-oxo-1-(2,4,6,7-tetrahydrotriazolo[4,5-c]pyridin-5-yl)propan-2-yl]-2-[[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]methylamino]pyrimidine-5-carboxamide Chemical compound O=C(C(C)NC(=O)C=1C=NC(=NC=1)NCC1=CC(=CC=C1)OC(F)(F)F)N1CC2=C(CC1)NN=N2 MKYBYDHXWVHEJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NIPNSKYNPDTRPC-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-[2-oxo-2-(2,4,6,7-tetrahydrotriazolo[4,5-c]pyridin-5-yl)ethyl]-2-[[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]methylamino]pyrimidine-5-carboxamide Chemical compound O=C(CNC(=O)C=1C=NC(=NC=1)NCC1=CC(=CC=C1)OC(F)(F)F)N1CC2=C(CC1)NN=N2 NIPNSKYNPDTRPC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- AFCARXCZXQIEQB-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-[3-oxo-3-(2,4,6,7-tetrahydrotriazolo[4,5-c]pyridin-5-yl)propyl]-2-[[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]methylamino]pyrimidine-5-carboxamide Chemical compound O=C(CCNC(=O)C=1C=NC(=NC=1)NCC1=CC(=CC=C1)OC(F)(F)F)N1CC2=C(CC1)NN=N2 AFCARXCZXQIEQB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920000954 Polyglycolide Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229920006167 biodegradable resin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010924 continuous production Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004927 fusion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007731 hot pressing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005098 hot rolling Methods 0.000 description 2
- JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N lactic acid Chemical compound CC(O)C(O)=O JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000010030 laminating Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003475 lamination Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920000092 linear low density polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004707 linear low-density polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920001707 polybutylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920000139 polyethylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000005020 polyethylene terephthalate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004633 polyglycolic acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000005871 repellent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920001169 thermoplastic Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920006230 thermoplastic polyester resin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004416 thermosoftening plastic Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000013022 venting Methods 0.000 description 2
- HMUNWXXNJPVALC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-[4-[2-(2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-2-ylamino)pyrimidin-5-yl]piperazin-1-yl]-2-(2,4,6,7-tetrahydrotriazolo[4,5-c]pyridin-5-yl)ethanone Chemical compound C1C(CC2=CC=CC=C12)NC1=NC=C(C=N1)N1CCN(CC1)C(CN1CC2=C(CC1)NN=N2)=O HMUNWXXNJPVALC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YJLUBHOZZTYQIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[5-[2-(2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-2-ylamino)pyrimidin-5-yl]-1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-yl]-1-(2,4,6,7-tetrahydrotriazolo[4,5-c]pyridin-5-yl)ethanone Chemical compound C1C(CC2=CC=CC=C12)NC1=NC=C(C=N1)C1=NN=C(O1)CC(=O)N1CC2=C(CC1)NN=N2 YJLUBHOZZTYQIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ISPYQTSUDJAMAB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-chlorophenol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1Cl ISPYQTSUDJAMAB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DEXFNLNNUZKHNO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 6-[3-[4-[2-(2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-2-ylamino)pyrimidin-5-yl]piperidin-1-yl]-3-oxopropyl]-3H-1,3-benzoxazol-2-one Chemical compound C1C(CC2=CC=CC=C12)NC1=NC=C(C=N1)C1CCN(CC1)C(CCC1=CC2=C(NC(O2)=O)C=C1)=O DEXFNLNNUZKHNO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920001817 Agar Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001634 Copolyester Polymers 0.000 description 1
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000588724 Escherichia coli Species 0.000 description 1
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 244000166124 Eucalyptus globulus Species 0.000 description 1
- FBOZXECLQNJBKD-ZDUSSCGKSA-N L-methotrexate Chemical compound C=1N=C2N=C(N)N=C(N)C2=NC=1CN(C)C1=CC=C(C(=O)N[C@@H](CCC(O)=O)C(O)=O)C=C1 FBOZXECLQNJBKD-ZDUSSCGKSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 240000007472 Leucaena leucocephala Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000010643 Leucaena leucocephala Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920003171 Poly (ethylene oxide) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000265 Polyparaphenylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 206010036790 Productive cough Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 229910018879 Pt—Pd Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- FHKPLLOSJHHKNU-INIZCTEOSA-N [(3S)-3-[8-(1-ethyl-5-methylpyrazol-4-yl)-9-methylpurin-6-yl]oxypyrrolidin-1-yl]-(oxan-4-yl)methanone Chemical compound C(C)N1N=CC(=C1C)C=1N(C2=NC=NC(=C2N=1)O[C@@H]1CN(CC1)C(=O)C1CCOCC1)C FHKPLLOSJHHKNU-INIZCTEOSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008272 agar Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009360 aquaculture Methods 0.000 description 1
- 244000144974 aquaculture Species 0.000 description 1
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000003490 calendering Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012153 distilled water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001082 electron-ion coincidence spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001747 exhibiting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001963 growth medium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 description 1
- LVHBHZANLOWSRM-UHFFFAOYSA-N itaconic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(=C)C(O)=O LVHBHZANLOWSRM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000014655 lactic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000004310 lactic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002074 melt spinning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229960000485 methotrexate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002504 physiological saline solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000747 poly(lactic acid) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004626 polylactic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000379 polymerizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920005990 polystyrene resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002215 polytrimethylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011342 resin composition Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000003802 sputum Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 208000024794 sputum Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 210000002784 stomach Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009864 tensile test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000013311 vegetables Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000021419 vinegar Nutrition 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
- B32B5/22—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed
- B32B5/24—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer
- B32B5/26—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer another layer next to it also being fibrous or filamentary
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/36—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising polyesters
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B37/00—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding
- B32B37/06—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by the heating method
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B37/00—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding
- B32B37/10—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by the pressing technique, e.g. using action of vacuum or fluid pressure
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
- B32B5/02—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer
- B32B5/022—Non-woven fabric
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
- D01D5/00—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
- D01D5/08—Melt spinning methods
- D01D5/098—Melt spinning methods with simultaneous stretching
- D01D5/0985—Melt spinning methods with simultaneous stretching by means of a flowing gas (e.g. melt-blowing)
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
- D01F6/00—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof
- D01F6/58—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from homopolycondensation products
- D01F6/62—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from homopolycondensation products from polyesters
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
- D01F6/00—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof
- D01F6/88—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from mixtures of polycondensation products as major constituent with other polymers or low-molecular-weight compounds
- D01F6/92—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from mixtures of polycondensation products as major constituent with other polymers or low-molecular-weight compounds of polyesters
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
- D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
- D04H1/42—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece
- D04H1/4382—Stretched reticular film fibres; Composite fibres; Mixed fibres; Ultrafine fibres; Fibres for artificial leather
- D04H1/43825—Composite fibres
- D04H1/43828—Composite fibres sheath-core
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
- D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
- D04H1/42—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece
- D04H1/4382—Stretched reticular film fibres; Composite fibres; Mixed fibres; Ultrafine fibres; Fibres for artificial leather
- D04H1/43838—Ultrafine fibres, e.g. microfibres
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
- D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
- D04H1/54—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties by welding together the fibres, e.g. by partially melting or dissolving
- D04H1/559—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties by welding together the fibres, e.g. by partially melting or dissolving the fibres being within layered webs
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
- D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
- D04H1/54—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties by welding together the fibres, e.g. by partially melting or dissolving
- D04H1/56—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties by welding together the fibres, e.g. by partially melting or dissolving in association with fibre formation, e.g. immediately following extrusion of staple fibres
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
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Description
1286171 (1) 玖、發明說明 【發明所屬之技術領域】 本發明係有關於,可用在有高耐水性能之要求,同時 並有透氣性、透濕性、強度、耐熱性等要求之領域,例如 用於建材用途之透濕防水薄片等,鞋材,甚至有濾材性能 之要求的領域,例如用作包裝材料之乾燥包裝材料,有耐 放射線、剝離強度之要求的殺菌包裝材料等之高耐水壓聚 酯非織物。 【先前技術】 向來多有極細纖維非織物層與長纖維非織物層經層合 並熱壓合而一體化之施行。使用聚丙烯等疏水性原料聚烯 烴系樹脂的非織物,耐水性雖優但樹脂熔點低,耐熱性差 ,不得高強度,乃非適用於有該等特性要求之用途的非織 物原料。 有曰本專利特開平1 1 一 24 7 06 1號公報所揭示,聚酯長 纖維非織物層與聚丙烯等聚烯烴系極細纖維非織物層經層 合,採用熱壓合法、粘著貼合法將層合構造固定,以賦予 高強度、耐水性能之嘗試。但是,纖維相互熔點差異大, _維層之層合構造以熱壓合法一體化時,極細纖維熔化而 纖維之層構造崩坯,易起層間剝離,有使產品非織物的耐 水性能下降之問題。 又,特開平7 - 20 7 5 66號公報中,聚醋樹脂原料與聚 ^烴系樹脂原料之混合組成物以熔融吹襲紡絲法得之極細 -4 - (2) 1286171
纖維所成的非織物層,以紡絲粘合法與長纖維非織物疊合 ,採用熱壓花法將二者貼合,得層合之非織物具有高剝離 強度,貼合後柔軟性優,手感良好,具備濾材性能的多層 構造非織物。同時,僅由聚酯纖維構成之長纖維非織物與 極細纖維非織物層之層合構造非織物,因柔軟性明顯變差 ,添加聚丙烯極細纖維層成分固能緩和柔軟度之下降,但 由於欠缺與聚酯之相溶性,聚丙烯與二纖維之熔合不足,仍 不得層間剝離強度高之層合非織物。 以特開平7 - 207566號公報揭示之技術,使用聚酯原料 與聚丙烯原料之混合樹脂於極細纖維層,構成聚酯系聚合 物之略鞘部,及聚丙烯系聚合物之略芯部,得高剝離強度 之非織物。該方法中,因疏水性原料聚丙烯係配置於纖維 截面的略芯部,纖維表面不得充分之疏水化效果,製成非織 物層合體時亦不具高耐水性。
以疏水性纖維非織物層貼合形成層合體之方法,尤以 單獨取用低基重的極細纖維非織物層之際,非織物件之形態 保持性差,取用極爲困難,取用工作成本增加,經濟上不利 【發明內容】 本發明之目的在提供,耐水性優,且耐熱性,拉伸強 度局之局耐水性聚醋非織物。 本發明人等發現,混合特定量之聚烯烴系樹脂於聚酯 系樹脂,熔融擠出紡絲成纖維,於纖維表面使非連續之疏 - 5- (4) 1286171 定。 本發明之聚酯非織物所發揮之耐水性乃由於,構成聚 酯極細纖維非織物成分之聚酯系極細纖維的纖維表面,非 連續地散布有疏水性之聚烯烴系樹脂,其起疏水點之作用 的構造。 第3圖示意,聚酯系極細纖維(F )表面的聚酯相(a ) 內,聚烯烴相(b )非連續分散而外露之樣態。 本發明中,構成極細纖維非織物層的聚酯系極細纖維 相內聚烯烴各樹脂所占的分散狀態,依後敘評估方法(7 ) 覯測,聚烯烴溶解處理後以SEM照片觀察,可見聚烯烴溶解 處理前不存在的,纖維表面聚烯烴之溶去孔、線狀分散痕跡 ’確認有形成極細纖維的聚酯樹脂中混合之聚烯烴滲出至 纖維表面而存在之構造。並得知,不混合以聚烯烴樹脂的 聚酯系樹脂,其極細纖維構成之非織物,即使以軋輥加工 將纖維層牢固地熱接合,仍不具2千帕以上之耐水壓。 本發明中,構成極細非織物層之纖維直徑在5微米以 下的聚酯極細纖維,係至混合1重量%以上的聚烯烴系樹脂 的聚酯系樹脂組成物之極細纖維。 爲得更高之耐水性能,極細纖維層中聚烯烴系樹脂的 混合率以5至75重量%爲佳10至5〇重量%更佳。第1圖係作 爲一例1示實施例1至7中代表性聚烯烴系樹脂聚丙烯樹脂 之混合量與耐水壓的關係。由該圖知,以聚丙燒樹脂混合 ,有低混合量下耐水壓即急遽提升之傾向。聚烯烴系樹脂 的混合率在1 0至5 0重量%範圍時,耐水壓即出現7千帕以上 >7 - (5) 1286171 之極大値,具極高之耐水壓。混合量超出5〇重量%則耐水 壓略降,有低於7千帕之傾向。 在此,聚醋樹脂之代表例有,熱塑性聚酯聚對苯二甲 酸乙酯、聚對苯二甲酸丁二酯、聚對苯二甲酸丙二酯。熱 塑性聚酯可係,形成酯之酸成分間苯二甲酸、苯二甲酸等 聚合或共聚之聚酯。更可係,具生物分解性之樹脂,例如 聚乙醇酸、乳酸之類的聚(α —羥基酸)或以這些爲主要 重複單元之共聚物。 另一方面,添加或混合於聚酯系樹脂的聚烯烴系樹脂 有聚丙烯、聚乙烯等。聚丙烯可係以一般的齊格勒那他觸 媒合成之聚合物’亦可係以金屬芳香類爲代表的單一部位 活性觸媒合成之聚合物。聚乙烯可係LLDPE (直鏈狀低密 度聚乙烯)、LDPE(低密度聚乙烯)、HDPE (高密度聚 乙燃)等聚乙烯,更可係聚丙烯與聚乙烯之共聚物,聚丙 烯中以聚乙烯,其它添加劑添加之聚合物。 得知’疏水性之聚烯烴系樹脂非連續存在於纖維表面 ,而纖維表面以具有聚酯之熱粘合面爲佳,用以調製如此 之聚酯系極細纖維的較佳聚酯樹脂樹脂之條件係屬必要。 聚酯系樹脂粘度係,粘度過高則難使纖維直徑細小, 粘度低則製程中容易產生飛毛(f 1 y ),難以安定地紡絲 。因此’溶液粘度之範圍以〇·2至0.8 7? sp/C爲佳,0.2至 0 · 6 7/ s p / C更佳。溶液粘度測定係將〇 · 2 5克之試樣溶解 於鄰氯酚溶劑25毫升,溫度35 t之條件下以一般方法測定 。該極細纖維非織物層之構造,如第3圖,於纖維表面疏水 (6) 1286171 點非連續散布即可,可係分散之點狀、線狀及面狀。但是 ,完全的鞘芯構造(例如略鞘部係聚烯烴,略芯部係聚酯 )者,以熱壓合一體化時,與長纖維非織物層之熔合不足 ’產生剝離強度下降、烯烴往表面層滲出污染輥表面之工 問題而不佳。又’極細纖維非織物層以表面張力不同的試 藥滴下之際的潤濕·浸滲開始水準以5 0毫牛頓/米以下爲 佳。40毫牛頓/米以下更佳。超出5〇毫牛頓/米則因纖維表 面疏水點之存在不足,與長纖維非織物層的層合構造體之 耐水性亦低。使用熔融指數熔融流量裝置,與實際熔融紡 絲之際的溫度相同之溫度條件下,於試驗荷重2 1 . 1 8牛頓 測定每1 0分鐘內熔融聚合物之吐出量,以該量爲熔融流量 時’相較於聚酯系樹脂之熔融流量聚烯烴系樹脂的熔融流 量値愈大,則成愈容易滲出之狀態。因此,所用的聚烯烴 系樹脂之聚合物粘度,MFR20克/10分鐘以上即可,於纖 維表面聚烯烴系樹脂容易滲出之狀態下,纖維表面之疏水 效果更加提升。因而,聚烯烴系樹脂的MFR以1 00克/1 〇分 鐘以上爲佳,5 0 0至3 0 0 〇克/1 〇分鐘之高流量型更佳。而 MFR之測定係依jis K7210實施,試驗條件係試驗溫度230 °C,試驗荷重爲2 1.8牛頓。 用於本發明之聚酯系極細纖維非織物層係,在擠出機 內混合前敘之聚烯烴系樹脂於熱塑性聚酯樹脂,調製聚酯 樹脂組成物之熔融物,經熔融吹襲紡嘴,以熔融吹襲紡絲 法吐出成極細纖維堆積於捕集面上調製。熔融吹襲紡絲之 製造方法,具體樣態記載於例如特公昭6 2 - 2 0 6 2號公報, (7) 1286171 特公昭56 - 335Π號公報。 構成極細纖維非織物層的纖維之纖維直徑係5微米以 下’ 〇 · 5至3微米較佳,〇 · 5至2微米尤佳。纖維直徑愈細耐 水性能愈提升’但纖維直徑不及〇·5微米時,纖維易斷, 成爲製程中易於產生飛毛(fl y )之條件,難以安定紡絲 。亦有減少紡絲過程中每一紡孔之聚合物吐出量的方法, 但生產力下降經濟上不利。另一方面,纖維直徑超出5微 米則纖維間隙變大,不得耐水性能。 纖維直徑7微米以上之聚酯系長纖維非織物層係以例 如,特公昭49 一 30861號公報、特公昭37 - 4993號公報等 之紡絲粘合非織物之製造方法採用熱塑性聚酯系樹脂調製 纖維直徑7微米以上之聚酯系長纖維所形成之非織物構成 〇 在此所謂聚酯系樹脂係,聚對苯二甲酸乙二酯、聚對 苯二甲酸丁二酯、聚對苯二甲酸丙二酯、或間苯二甲酸、 苯二甲酸等聚合成之聚酯,更可係具生物分解性之樹脂例 如聚乙醇酸、聚乳酸之類的聚(α -羥基酸)或以這些爲 主要重複單元之共聚酯。以及聚酯系長纖維非織物中之聚酷 系樹脂,在不超出相對於聚酯7重量%之範圍,混合以聚烯 系樹脂之樹脂組成物。在此所混合之聚烯烴系樹脂可係選 自混合於形成極細纖維非織物之聚酯樹脂的聚烯烴樹脂的 聚合物、共聚物。 這些混合有聚烯烴系樹脂的聚酯系長纖維非織物,水 分附著於表面之際疏水效果優,以表面張力不同之試藥滴 -10- (8) 1286171 下之際的潤濕·浸滲開始水準提升,水的滲入防止性變佳 。聚酯系長纖維非織物的聚烯烴系樹脂之混合,隨混合率 之增大表面疏水效果亦提升,但爲安定進行紡絲,混合率 以3重量%以下爲最佳。 本發明之極細纖維非織物層與長纖維非織物層所成的 非織物層合體係調製爲1 0克/立方米以上之基重。非織物 層合體中,極細纖維非織物層成分之基重須係2克/平方米 以上,長纖維非織物層所占之基重須係8克/平方米以上。 依本發明非織物層合體之耐水性能主要係得自極細纖 維非織物層之特性。僅由極細纖維層構成之非識物,其非織 物構造在施以水壓時強度不足,以至於開孔,無法充分呈現 耐水性能。另一方面,非織物層合體中,長纖維非織物層所 占基重不及8克/平方米時,因不得護持(Guard)配置於層 合構造內之極細纖維非織物層不受破壞之強度,耐水性能差 。層合構造內極細纖維層之基重若使之不足2克/平方米則耐 水性能之提升無望,並導致生產力下降而不佳。使用於包裝 材料 '建材、鞋材等時,因有更高強度、耐水壓之要求, 層合構造體之基重以設計爲4〇克/平方米以上,長纖維非 織物層之基重20克/平方米以上,極細纖維非織物層之基重 6克/平方米以上爲佳。 本發明之高耐水壓聚酯非織物係,長纖維非織物層之 上以極細纖維非織物層層合熱壓合一體化而得。極細纖維非 織物層之構成纖維係,形成纖維之聚酯的結晶度低,且於纖 維表面存在有聚烯烴系樹脂。因此,層合非織物之構造固定 -11、 (9) 1286171 當中’層合非織物直接接觸經加熱之軋輕時,係成易於自輥 剝除之狀態。是故,以、製成長纖維非織物層之上以極細纖維 非織物層層合,更於其上層合以長纖維非織物層,以熱壓合 一體化的構造之層合非織物爲佳。層合構造之內容亦可係, 例如,極細纖維非織物層二層,長纖維非織物層二層重疊等 之以長纖維非織物層爲上下層,以極細纖維層爲中間層的多 層層合構造。 本發明有關之高耐水壓聚酯非織物係,長纖維及極細 纖維各以薄片狀層合,該多層薄片狀層合網體以平輥或壓花 輥熱壓合,層合構造固定而製造高耐水壓聚酯非織物。 本發明有關之高耐水壓聚酯非織物的連續製程示意圖 如第4圖。第4圖之連續製程中,高耐水壓聚酯非織物(200 )係於圖中自左向右行進之無縫捕集網(1 00 )上,堆積由 設置在左上部之紡絲粘合非織物紡絲單元(20 )紡絲之長纖 維紡絲粘合網(S 1 ),繼之,於上述長纖維紡絲粘合網上, 重疊堆積由設置在中央上部之熔融吹襲絲紡裝置(30)紡出 之特定纖度的極細纖維所成之薄片狀網(Μ ),更於極細纖 維層(Μ)面上堆積由設置在下游側上部之另一紡絲粘合非 織物紡絲單元(20 )紡出之長纖維紡絲粘合網(S2 ),調製 長纖維非織物(S 1 )/極細纖維非織物(Μ )/長纖維非織物 (S2 )構成之三層非織物層合薄片。該三層非織物層合薄片 更以捕集輸送帶向右輸送,自其端部拉取至外側’繼之通過 熱軋輥(1 0 1 )、( 1 02 ),三層非織物構造被固定,製作 本發明有關之高耐水壓聚酯非織物。利用如此之程序’於 -12 - 1286171 (12) (1 ) 構成非織物的纖維之纖維直徑(微米)之測定 生產之非織物二端1 0公分除外,於C D方向五等分作1 &分見方的試片之採樣,顯微鏡下分出極細纖維層及長纖 維非織物層,用KEYENS製高倍率顯微鏡VH— 8 000測定各 直徑各5 0値,由其平均値算出纖維直徑(小數點第二位四 捨五入)。 (2 ) 耐水壓(千帕)之測定 φ 層合非織物二端部1 0公分除外,於CD方向五等分, MD方向二等分共15處作20公分見方之試片採樣,依JIS -L — 1 0 92測定,由其測定値之平均値算出耐水壓。 而關於耐水壓平均値在1千帕以上者,爲排除測表觀 上瞬間耐水性呈現之可能性,利用同裝置在施以1千帕水 壓之狀態下確認無洩出之後放置24小時,檢視洩出之有無 ,有洩出者耐水壓値爲0。
放置24小時後無洩出:H 放置24小時後有洩出:X (3 ) 拉伸強度(牛頓/3公分)之測定 層合非織物的二端部1 0公分除外,於CD方向五等分 ,MD方向三等分共15處作CD、MD方向3公分X 20公分之 試片的取樣,以1 0公分握持長度安裝於低速拉伸試驗型拉 伸試驗機,以拉伸速度3 0公分/分鐘施加荷重至試片斷裂 。於MD、CD方向求出試片在最大荷重時強度之平均値, -15- (13) !28617i 依下式算出拉伸強度(小數點第二位四捨五入)。 拉伸強度=(MD平均+CD平均)/2 (牛頓/3公分) (4 ) 潤濕張力試驗 從周作層成分之極細纖維非織物層及層合非織物取樣 ’試藥以表面張力由大到小依序分段,觀察潤濕·浸滲之 開始水準。而試藥係各樣本以2至3滴滴下。 試藥:和光純藥工業(股)製 成分一乙二醇、單乙醚、甲醯胺 表面張力一 54至34毫牛頓/米(蒸餾水一 76毫牛 頓/米) (5 ) 耐熱性試驗 層合非織物的二端部10公分除外,CD方向三等分, MD方向三等分共9處作cd、MD方向20公分X 30公分的試 片之採樣,於風速1米/分鐘,90 °C之環境氣體下在熱風爐 內施以加熱處理後,測定拉伸強度(MD、CD方向),求 出自實施熱處理前的強度保持率之平均値。 (6 ) 漏粉試驗 層口非織物之二端部1 〇公分除外,C D方向三等分,M D 方向三等分共9處,作CD、MD方向20公分X 30公分試片之採 樣’使用田中化學機器(股)R0TAP搖篩器型號R — 21以 - 16- (14) 1286171 震動數270次/分鐘,上下拍打數156次/分鐘之條件下檢視0.7 至3微米的石灰之有無漏粉,有一處漏粉者即判定爲有漏粉 (7 ) 纖維內聚烯烴系樹脂的分散狀態之評估 由用作層成分之極細纖維非織物層取樣,夾入包埋盒 浸入用油浴加溫至150°C之鄰二氯苯4小時。其次將加溫處理 後之非織物各夾於玻璃板真空乾燥(40 °C : 1 5小時),以 SEM觀察及DSC測定確認處理後聚烯烴系樹脂之有無。 測定所用裝置及條件如下。 ① SEM觀察條件 裝置 :S - 4100 (日立製作所製) 加速電壓:1.5千伏 前處理 :Pt- Pd蒸鍍,0.1托,4.5毫安培X 2分鐘 (使用EICO公司製,IB— 5 ) ② DSC測定條件 裝置 :DSC210 ( Sll NANOTECHNOLOGY公司 製) 測定環境氣體:氮(氣體流量5 0毫升/分鐘)
測定溫度 :室溫至3 00 °C 升溫速率 :1(TC /分鐘 (8 ) 細菌透過性試驗 層合非織物的二端部1 0公分除外,於CD方向三等分 -17- (15) 1286171 MD,於CD方向作5公分χ 5公分試片之取樣,於]2 1 t、1 5 分鐘高壓蒸氣殺菌作爲試樣。將試樣置於洋菜平板培養基 上,於其上滴下大腸菌之菌液0.5毫升。下溫下放置,於1 ,3及2 4小時後取出洋菜平板培養基上之試樣,同平板培 養基於3 5 °C ± 1 °C培養2日後,測定培養基上生長之菌落數。 ① 試驗菌—Escherichia coli NBRC 3301 (大腸菌) ② 試驗用培養基-ΝΑ培養基:普通洋菜培養基(榮硏 化學(股)) SΑ培養基:標準洋菜培養基(榮硏 化學(股)) ③ 菌液之調製一試驗菌於NA培養基35°C ± 1°C培養18至 24小時後,將所得試驗菌之菌體懸浮於經殺菌之生理食鹽水 ,調製成每1毫升菌數1〇2至1〇3,各作爲菌液。 該菌液之生菌數以使用SA培養基之混稀平板培養法( 3 5 °C 土 TC,培養2日)測定。 實施例1至7,比較例1、2 以長纖維非織物層上下覆蓋於極細纖維層成三層層合 構造體,其中長纖維非織物層基重各25克/平方米,極細 纖維層基重10克/平方公分,使用平輥於21 0°C之溫度,3.5 噸/米線壓熱壓合一體化。長纖維非織物層之原料僅只聚 酯,纖維直徑1 3微米,極細纖維非織物層中溶液粘度0 · 4 8 7? sp/C之聚酯原料以MFR7 00克/10分鐘之聚丙烯1重量% ( 實施例1 ) 、1 0重量% (實施例2 ) 、30重量% (實施例3 )、 -18- (16) 1286171 50重量% (實施例4) 、75重量% (實施例5)混合,及無聚 丙烯之混合僅只聚酯原料(比較例1 )、僅只聚丙烯原料( 比較例2 )之變化下,極細纖維層之纖維直徑係2微米。 又,實施例3中之長纖維非織物層的聚酯原料混合以聚 丙烯3重量% (實施例6 )。
又,實施例3中採用,長纖維非織物層基重各〗6.5克/ 平方米,極細纖維非織物層基重7克/平方米(實施例7 ) 。又,實施例3中使用壓花率1 5 %之織物紋壓花輥(實施例 8 )以21 0°C溫度、3.5噸/米線壓熱壓合,評估層合非織物 之強度値及耐水性能,結果示於表1及第1圖。
極細纖維層不混合以聚丙烯時,強度値高,但耐水性 能低到2千帕。可知聚丙烯之添加,強度値多少有下降之 傾向,而耐水性能則明顯提升。又,以壓花輥熱壓合比用 平輥者耐水性能雖多少下降,但仍可充分具有2千帕以上 之耐水壓,強度値幾乎不變。但是,僅只聚丙烯原料者, 熱壓合之際聚丙烯溶出,極細纖維非織物層之纖維構造遭 破壞、產生龜裂、針孔、不見耐水壓之提升。又,纖維極 細纖維非織物層之纖維構造時,熱壓合之輥溫須從低設定 表面毛粒難以抑制,剝離強度、拉伸強度下降,同時層合 體之外觀、形狀亦惡化。 -19- (17)1286171 比較例2 1 50 (25x 2) 〇 〇 平輥 〇 r Η ΓΟ 〇 83.3 比較例1 S ! 50 |(25x 2) 〇 〇 平輥 Ο 寸 τ Η r—( 〇 〇 r—Η 實施例8 8 50 |(25x 2) 〇 〇 織物紋 g 95.0 j 實施例7 〇 ί 33 ! (25χ 2) 卜 〇 平輥 s 94.8 實施例6 50 (25χ 2) 〇 CO 平輥 ON ΟΟ 5 92.5 撻 實施例5 S 50 (25χ 2) 〇 〇 平Φ毘 ν〇 5S CS! IT) 撻 實施例4 S 50 (25χ 2) 〇 〇 平輥 Ό ΟΟ 91.7 實施例3 8 50 (25χ 2) 〇 〇 平輥 〇6 95.0 揉 實施例2 8 50 I (25χ 2) 〇 〇 平輥 〇 g VO 〇6 98.3 實施例1 50 (25χ 2) 〇 〇 平輥 1—< m r Η 99.8 層合構造體總基重(克/平方米) 長纖維非織物層(克/平方米) (基重) 極細纖維非織物層(克/平方米) (基重) 長纖維非織物層(%) (ΡΡ添加率) 熱壓花輥型式 極細纖維非織物層(%) (ΡΡ添加率) 拉伸強度(牛頓/3公分) 耐水壓(4帕) 層合體中聚酯系樹脂之含有率 (重量% ) 24小時後之洩出 -20- (18) 1286171 實施例9 同一輸送網上,長纖維非織物層以二層層合,其上以 極細纖維非織物層二層層合,更於其上層合以長纖維非織 物層或五層構造體,第一、第二層之長纖維非織物層基重 各12.5克/平方米,第三 '四層之極細纖維非織物層基重各 5克/平方米,第五層之長纖維非織物層基重25克/平方米 ,使用平輥以21 0°C溫度,3.5噸/米線壓熱壓合一體化。長 纖維非織物層之原料僅只聚酯,纖維直徑1 3微米,極細纖 維非織物層的溶液粘度0.4 8 7? sp/C之聚酯原有MFR 700克 /1 〇分鐘之聚丙烯以3 0重量% (實施例9 )混合,極細纖維 非織物層之纖維直徑2微米,結果列於表2。 相較於三層構造物,耐水壓平均値示多少較高値。又 ,測定之耐水壓最低値比三層構造者高,結果出現,長纖 維非織物層中極細纖維非織物層之護持(Guard )效果的 均勻化,以及極細纖維非織物層的質地均勻化之效果。 表2 實施例3 實施例9 構造體層 3層 5層 構成 長/極細/長 長/長/極細/極細/長 拉伸強度(牛頓/3公分) 91 93 耐水壓(千帕) 8.9 9.3 最低耐水壓値(千帕) Ί .1 7.8 24小時後之洩出 姐 鈕 -21 - (19) 1286171 實施例1 Ο ' 1 1 以如同實施例3之方法,相對於極細纖維層之聚酯原 料混合以30%之MFR = 53克/ ] 0分鐘之HDPE (實施例1 0 )、 MFR132克/10分鐘之LDPE (實施例1 1 ),纖維直徑2微米 製成層合非物,評估其強度値及耐水性能,結果列於表3 〇 如同混合聚丙烯者、聚乙烯之種類雖變動耐水性能仍 提升。 表3 實施例1 0 實施例1 1 極細纖維非織物層 HDPE LDPE (添加原料) 拉伸強度(牛頓/3公分) 94 92 耐水壓(千帕) 4.4 7.1 2 4小時後之洩出 無 Μ j \\\ 實施例1 2、1 3,比較例3 以如同實施例3之方法,極細纖維層之纖維直徑爲1 .5 微米(實施例12 ) 、2.8微米(實施例13 ) 、6.0微米(實 施例3 )’製成層合非織物,作其強度値及耐水性能評估 ’結果列於表4。極細纖維層之纖維直徑超出5微米時強度 値幾乎不變,但因極細纖維層之覆蓋效果降低,耐水性能 - 22- 1286171 (20) 下降。 表4 實施例1 2 實施例1 3 比較例3 極細纖維非織物層(微米) 1 . 5 2.8 6.0 (纖維直徑) 拉伸強度(牛頓/3公分) 93 91 90 耐水壓(千帕) 11.1 3.0 1.8 24小時後之洩出 無 無 無
實施例1 4,比較例4、5 以如同實施例3之方法,使總基重爲10克/平方米,極 細纖維非織物層基重2克/平方米(實施例4 )、1克/平方 米(比較例4 ) 、4克/平方米(比較例5 ),製成層合非織 物評估其強度値及耐水性能,結果列於表5。
極細纖維層之基重1克/平方米,極細纖維層之絕對量 少則覆蓋效果下降,故不得高耐水性能。又,極細纖維之 基重爲4克/平方米’護持極細纖維層之長纖維非織物層之 強度値低至1 3牛頓/3公分以下,故不得高耐水性能。 -23- (21) 1286171 表5
實施例1 4 比較例4 比較例5 極細纖維非織物層基重 (克/平方米) 2 1 4 長纖維非織物層基重 (克/平方米) 8 9 6 拉伸強度(牛頓/3公分) 15 18 12 耐水壓(千帕) 2.1 1.5 1 .3 2 4小時後之洩出 無 Α\ντ Till: J \ w 4ffP 實施例15至22,比較例5 使極細纖維非織物層之基重爲3 0克/平方米,於聚酯 原料將MFR700克/10分鐘之聚丙烯以}重量% (實施例15) 、30重量% (實施例16) 、50重量% (實施例17) 、75重量 % (實施例1 8 )混合,及不混合聚丙烯僅只聚酯原料(比 較例5 )作變化,製作極細纖維非織物層之纖維直徑2微米 層合非織物。又,實施例14中混合之聚丙烯改爲MFR40克 /10分鐘(實施例19) 、1500克/10分鐘(實施例20)製作 層作層合非織物。更就實施例3之層合構造體(實施例2 1 )、實施例6之層合構造體(實施例22)及比較例1之層合 構造體(比較例6 )各作潤濕張力試驗,結果列於表6。 可知,極細纖維非織物層不混合以聚丙烯時,表面張 力大之試藥可浸滲’以聚丙烯混合,則表面張力小之試藥 亦無法浸滲。又,變化所混合之MFR時試藥之浸滲表面張 -24- (22) 1286171 力不變。又再,於與長纖維非織物層一體化之層合構造體 亦同,極細纖維非織物層不混合以聚丙烯時,表面張力大 之試藥浸滲,以聚丙烯混合,則表面張力小之試藥則不浸 滲。於長纖維非織物層混合以聚丙烯之層合構造體,表面 張力更小的試藥也不浸滲。如這些結果所示,以聚@ _胃 合,表面張力小的試藥即難以浸滲。因此,該事脊 貫可視爲 不透水(耐水性提升)之一要因。
-25- (23)1286171 比較例 7 50 (25x 2) 〇 1 〇 1 V υη 比較例 6 1 1 〇 1 V m 實施例 22 S 50 (25x 2) 〇 m 〇 實施例 21 50 (25x 2) 〇 1 〇 r- \a m 實施例 20 1 1 1500 cn 實施例 19 1 1 〇 〇> CO 實施例 18 1 1 〇 CO 實施例 Π 1 1 ο r- \o m 實施例 16 1 1 ο 卜 as m 實施例 15 1 1 ^—4 ο 卜 層合構造體總基重(克/平方米) 長纖維非織物層(克/平方米) (基重) 極細纖維非織物層(克/平方米) (基重) 長纖維非織物層(%) (pp添加率) 1 極細纖維非織物層(% ) (PP添加率) m <R 蓉职 S| TiTn 2 疆写 ® 簏 可確認浸滲於布的試藥之表面張力(毫牛頓/米) -26- (24) 1286171 實施例2 3至2 6 使用實施例3之層合體,於熱風烘箱內加熱處理200小 時(實施例23 )、1 2 0 0小時(實施例24 ),又,使用實施 例4之層合體於熱風烘箱內加熱處理200小時(實施例25)、 、1 200小時(實施例25 )後評估強度保持率,結果列於表7 。於極細纖維非織物層添加聚丙烯,1 200小時後強度値幾乎 不見下降。 表7 實施例2 3 實施例2 4 實施例2 5 實施例2 6 曝露時間(小時) 200 1200 200 1200 極細纖維非織物 層(%)(PP添加率) 30 3 0 50 50 拉伸強度保持率 (%) 10 1 99 100 99 實施例2 7 使用實施例3之層合體,以搖篩器作漏粉評估,結果 列於表8。因極細纖維非織物層之濾材效果,〇. 7微米程度 之粉體(石灰)即不發生漏料,知可用作乾燥(石灰)包 裝材料等。 表8 實施例2 7 漏料(有/無) 鈕 (25) 1286171 實施例2 8 使用實施例3之層合體,作細菌透過性試驗(實施例28 ),結果列於表9。 表9 實施例2 8 2 4小時後之圃落數 Μ y\\\
即使放置24小時後培養基上亦無菌落生長,菌液未透 過,可知細菌之阻障性優。 實施例29至3 1,比較例8至13
使用實施例3之層合體,變化電子束之照射強度爲20 千格瑞(實施例2 9 )、4 0千格瑞(實施例3 0 )、6 0千格瑞 (實施例3 1 )。又,使用經閃式紡絲法得之聚乙烯非織物 ,同樣以電子束強度20千格瑞(比較例8 )、40千格瑞( 比較例9 )、60千格瑞(比較例1 0 ),更用聚丙烯之紡絲 粘合/熔融吹襲/紡絲粘合層合體,變化電子束強度爲20千 格瑞(比較例1 )、40千格瑞(比較例12 )、60千格瑞( 比較例1 3 ),測定照射後之拉伸強度,各由照射前之拉伸 強度値評估保持率,結果示於表10及第2圖。 -28- (26)1286171 比較例13 比較例12 〇 〇 比較例11 比較例10 比較例9 〇 比較例8 un oo 實施例31 ο t—Η 實施例30 〇 Ο ψ _Η 實施例29 Ο 電子束照射強度(千格瑞) 拉伸強度保持率(%) (27) 1286171 可知,實施例3中本發明之層合體,經6〇千格瑞之照 射強度値不變,耐輻射性優。但是,聚乙烯非織物、聚丙 烯非織物隨照射強度之增大拉伸強度値下降,耐輻射性差 產業上之利用可能性 本發明之高耐水壓聚酯非織物耐水性優,拉伸強度亦 大,又,耐熱性、耐輻射性、阻障性亦優並良好確保該諸 特性之均衡。因此’係適用於建材用途之透濕防水薄片、 鞋材,以及更有濾材性能之要求的領域,例如用作包裝材 料之乾燥包裝材料、殺菌包裝材料等各種用途之非織物材 料。 【圖式簡單說明】 第1圖係構成極細纖維之聚酯樹脂中聚丙烯樹脂混合 量與本發明的層合非織物之耐水壓的關係圖。 第2圖示本發明之層合非織物電子束照射後的拉伸強 度保持率曲線。 第3圖係混合聚烯烴系樹脂的聚酯系樹脂極細纖維表 面的聚丙烯樹脂相之散布樣態的示意圖。 第4圖係本發明有關之高耐水壓聚酯非織物的製造方法 之一例的程序圖。 主要元件對照表 -30- 1286171 (28) 200 局 耐 水 壓 聚 酯 非 織 物 100 捕 集 網 20 紡 絲 粘 合 非 織 物 紡 絲 單 元 SI 長 纖 維 紡 絲 粘 合 網 長 纖 維 非 織 物 30 熔 融 吹 襲 紡 絲 裝 置 Μ 薄 片 狀 網 ) 極 細 纖 維 層 5 極 細 纖 維非織物 S2 長 纖 維 紡 絲 粘 合 網 j 長 纖 維 非 織 物 101、 102熱 軋 車毘 21 擠 出 機 22 紡 絲 粘 合 紡 嘴 23 冷 卻 室 24 吸 嘴 31 擠 出 機 32 齒 輪 泵 33 熔 融 吹 襲 紡 嘴
-31 -
Claims (1)
1286171 伙年1丨孩(々正本 拾、申請專利範圍 ------ 第93 1 07494號專利申請案 中文申請專利範圍修正本 民國94年12月14 日修正 1· 一種高耐水壓聚酯非織物,其特徵爲:係由聚烯 烴系樹脂以至少1重量%以上混合之聚酯系樹脂原料所成 纖維直徑5微米以下之極細纖維非織物層,以及纖維直徑 爲7微米以上之聚酯系樹脂爲主體之長纖維非織物層經熱 壓合而一體化,具有2千帕以上耐水壓値的非織物層合構 造體所成,其中構成該極細纖維非織物之極細纖維表面有 聚烯烴系樹脂的非連續相爲散布者。 2 ·如申請專利範圍第1項之高耐水壓聚酯非織物, 其中非織物層合構造體之聚酯系樹脂含量係70重量%以 上。 3·如申請專利範圍第1項之高耐水壓聚酯非織物,其 中構成長纖維非織物之長纖維係混合有聚烯烴系樹脂7重 量%以下之聚酯系樹脂所成的長纖維。 4. 如申請專利範圍第1至3項中任一項之高耐水壓 聚酯非織物,其中非織物層合構造體之基重係1 〇克/平方 米以上,且長纖維非織物層之基重係8克/平方米以上, 且極細纖維非織物層之基重係2克/平方米以上,非織物 層合構造體具有1 3牛頓/3公分以上之拉伸強度値。 5. 如申請專利範圍第4項之高耐水壓聚酯非織物, 其中長纖維非織物層之基重係20克/平方米以上,及極細 1286171 纖維非織物層之基重至少6克/平方米,且非織物層合構 造體之基重係40克/平方米以上所成,該非織物層合構造 體具有60牛頓/3公分以上之拉伸強度値及3千帕以上之 耐水壓値。 6.如申請專利範圍第1至3項中任一項之高耐水壓 聚酯非織物,其中極細纖維非織物層係由聚烯烴系樹脂以 5至75重量%混合之聚酯系樹脂原料所成之極細纖維所構 成。 7 ·如申請專利範圍第6項之高耐水壓聚酯非織物, 其中極細纖維非織物層係由聚烯烴系樹脂以1 0至5 0重量 %混合之聚酯系樹脂原料所成極細纖維所構成。 8 ·如申請專利範圍第1至3項中任一項之高耐水壓 聚酯非織物,其中構成極細纖維非織物層之極細纖維係以 溶液粘度範圍0.2至0.8 7? sp/C之聚酯系樹脂所形成。 9 ·如申請專利範圍第8項之高耐水壓聚酯非織物, 其中構成極細纖維非織物之極細纖維係以溶液粘度範圍 0.2至0·6 π sp/C之聚酯系樹脂所形成。 10·如申請專利範圍第1至3項中任一項之高耐水壓 聚酯非織物,其中混合於形成極細纖維之聚酯樹脂的烯烴 之熔融指數(MFR melt flow rate)係20克/10分鐘以 上。 Π ·如申請專利範圍第1 0項之高耐水壓聚酯非織 物’其中混合於形成極細纖維之聚酯樹脂的聚烯烴之熔融 指數係100克/10分鐘以上。 -2- 1286171 12.如申請專利範圍第1 1項之高耐水壓聚酯非織 物’其中混合於形成極細纖維的聚酯樹脂之聚烯烴的熔融 指數係5 00克/10分鐘以上。 13·如申請專利範圍第1至3項中任一項之高耐水壓 聚酯非織物,其中混合於形成極細纖維之聚酯樹脂的聚烯 烴系樹脂係聚丙烯或聚乙烯。 14.如申請專利範圍第1至3項中任一項之高耐水壓 聚酯非織物,其係使用,於極細纖維非織物層滴下表面張 力不同的試藥之際,潤濕•浸滲開始水準爲5 0毫牛頓/米 以下的極細纖維非織物層。 15·如申請專利範圍第1至3項中任一項之高耐水壓 聚酯非織物,其中將混合以聚烯烴系樹脂的聚酯系樹脂經 擠壓機擠壓,以熔融吹襲(melt blow)法所得極細纖維所成 極細纖維非織物層所構成者。 16·如申請專利範圍第1至3項中任一項之高耐水壓 聚酯非織物,其中,在紡絲後堆積於輸送網上之至少一層 長纖維非織物層上,使堆積在同一輸送網上之至少一層的 極細纖維非織物層予以層合,更於其上將紡絲、堆積之至 少一層長纖維非織物層予以重疊形成之層合體,經熱壓合 而一體化所形成之層合構造所構成者。
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EP (1) | EP1604813B1 (zh) |
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US8147956B2 (en) | 2007-10-19 | 2012-04-03 | Es Fiber Visions Co., Ltd. | Hot-melt adhesive polyester conjugate fiber |
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US8147956B2 (en) | 2007-10-19 | 2012-04-03 | Es Fiber Visions Co., Ltd. | Hot-melt adhesive polyester conjugate fiber |
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WO2004082930A1 (ja) | 2004-09-30 |
KR100743750B1 (ko) | 2007-07-27 |
EP1604813A4 (en) | 2008-02-13 |
US8207073B2 (en) | 2012-06-26 |
US20060172637A1 (en) | 2006-08-03 |
KR20050111387A (ko) | 2005-11-24 |
CN100382953C (zh) | 2008-04-23 |
TW200424389A (en) | 2004-11-16 |
EP1604813B1 (en) | 2011-06-08 |
EP1604813A1 (en) | 2005-12-14 |
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