TW393683B - Plasma treatment method - Google Patents

Plasma treatment method Download PDF

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TW393683B
TW393683B TW087119195A TW87119195A TW393683B TW 393683 B TW393683 B TW 393683B TW 087119195 A TW087119195 A TW 087119195A TW 87119195 A TW87119195 A TW 87119195A TW 393683 B TW393683 B TW 393683B
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gas
film
plasma
sputtering
forming
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Noriaki Fukiage
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Tokyo Electron Ltd
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    • C23COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23CCOATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C16/00Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes
    • C23C16/56After-treatment
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23CCOATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C16/00Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes
    • C23C16/22Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the deposition of inorganic material, other than metallic material
    • C23C16/30Deposition of compounds, mixtures or solid solutions, e.g. borides, carbides, nitrides
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    • H01L21/18Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having potential barriers, e.g. a PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer the devices having semiconductor bodies comprising elements of Group IV of the Periodic Table or AIIIBV compounds with or without impurities, e.g. doping materials
    • H01L21/30Treatment of semiconductor bodies using processes or apparatus not provided for in groups H01L21/20 - H01L21/26
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Description

五、發明説明(1 ) A7 B7
技術領域 本發明乃關於一種電漿處理方法,可以提高半導艘裝 置等層間絕緣膜所使用之加氟碟膜之熱安定性,以及將高 熱安定性之添加氟的碳膜成膜。 技術背景 為了達到半導體裝置的高積體化,樣式(patten〇的 細微化、電路的多層化技術不斷進展,其中之一就是配線 的多層化技術。為了達到多層配線構造,第η層的配線廣 與第(η+1)層的配線層之間,會以導電層連接,而導電 層之外的領域,則形成所謂層間絕緣膜的薄膜。 此層間絕緣膜的代表是Si〇2膜,但近年來,因裝置的 動作被要求必須再更高速’所以層間絕緣膜的比誘電率必 須更低,因此也展開了對層間絕緣膜材質的檢討。亦即, 傾力於發掘比Si02膜的比誘電率4還小的材質。其中之一 是實現了比誘電率3.5的SiOF膜t但本發明是比其比誘電 率更小的加氟碳膜(以下稱CF膜)》在此CF膜的成膜之際 ’是採用熱 CVD ( Chemical Vapor Deposition )或電衆 CVD (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填{Ϊ5本頁) 訂 ^ 經濟部中央標準局貞工消費合作社印¾ ο 本發明是採用藉由電子粒子迴旋加速裝置(cyclotron )共鳴產生電漿的電漿裝置,將含有碳(C)及氟(F) 的化合物氣體與碳化氩氣體的氣體成膜,經過種種的製程 條件,達到密閉性及硬度大的CF膜製造。 但是,CF膜仍有以下的課題。圖5是形成於晶圓(wafer )電路部分的一部分,11、12是CF膜,13、14是W(鎮tungsten 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS Μ4规格(210Χ297公t ) 4 經濟部中央標準局貝工消費合作社印策 A7 ____B7 五、發明説明(2 ) )構成的導電層,15是A1 (鋁)構成的導電層,16是將P 、B濃液化(dope)的Si02膜,17是η型半導體領域。形成 W層13時的製程溫度是400-450eC,此時,CF膜11、12也 被加熱到此製程溫度。但是,CF膜加熱到此高溫時,一 部份的C-F結合會斷掉,而脫離主要的f系氣想。系氣 體有F、CF、CF2等。 脫離F系氣艟後,會引起下述之問題。 a) 會腐蚀鋁或鎢等金屬配線。 b) 絕緣膜藉由壓入鋁配線,具有防止鋁彎曲的功能, 但脫離氣體’絕緣膜的壓入會變弱,結果使得鋁配線彎曲 ’容易產生所謂的電氣遷移(electro migration )之電氣 性缺陷β c) 絕緣膜會龜裂,使配線間的絕緣性變差,甚至無法 形成次段的配線層。 d) 脫離太多的F,會使比誘電,率升高。 發明之揭示 本發明的目的,乃鑑於前述之情事,而提供一種電漿 處进方法,可以形成具有強固結合且由熱安定性高的CF 膜所構成的絕緣膜、半導體裝置的層間絕緣膜等。 本發明的特徵是,其包含將濺鍍(sputter)用氣體電 漿化,並將此電漿照射到形成於被處理基板上的加氟碳骐 之濺鍍步驟。 此外’本發明的特徵是’其包含分解包括碳與氟的化 合物氣體的成膜氣體,利用化學氣相反應,在被處理基板 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS > Μ規格(-----— 丨I-—L-I叫束丨丨 (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁)
*1T 經濟部中央標隼局B工消費合作社印聚 A7 B7 •— ____ _ ____ 五、發明説明(3 ) 上將加氟碳膜成膜的步驟,及,接著將濺鍍用氣體電漿化 ,並將此電漿照射到形成於被處理基板上的加氟碳膜之減 鍍步驟;上述成膜步驟與濺鍍步驟是交相重複進行的。 藉由以上之本發明,可以得到熱安定性大、脫離F系 的氣體小的CF膜。因此,將此CF膜使用於半導體裝置等 層間絕緣膜時,不會有腐蝕金屬配線之虞,亦可防止鋁配 線的弩曲及亀裂產生。在半導體裝置的細微化、高速化的 呼聲中,CF膜的比誘電率小且為有效的絕緣膜受到注目 ’而本發明即為將CF膜的絕緣膜達到實用化的有效方法 〇 圖示的簡單說明 第1囷’為實施本發明方法的電漿處理裝置之一例的 縱斷側面圖; 第2囷,為說明本發明實施形態的步驟圓; 第3圖’為表示本發明實施形態的製程順序圖; 第4囷’為表示本發明實施形態的作用之模式圖; 第5囷,為表示半導體裝置構造之一例的構造囷。 實施發明的最佳形態 首先’圖1是本發明實施所採用的電漿處理裝置之一 例。此裝置具有由鋁等形成的真空容器2,而此真空容器2 是由’上方之產生電漿的筒狀第1真空室21,及下方貫通 連結比第1真空室21 口徑大的筒狀第2真空室22所構成的❶ 此真空容器2是接地的零電位。 此真空容器2的上端為開口,此部份設有以可透過微 i (諳先閱讀背面之注項再填寫本頁} 袭 訂 本紙張尺用科轉(CNS)續格(2丨以297公势) 」 經濟部中央標隼局貝工消費合作杜印梨 A7 _ Β·7 五、發明説明(4 ) 波的構件例如石英等材料所形成的氣密透過窗23 ,以維持 真空容器2内的真空狀態。此透過窗23的外側,設有與產 生2.45GHz微波的高頻電源部24連接的導波管25,導波管 25會利用TE mode,帶引高頻電源部24所產生的微波、或 將TE mode帶引來的微波變換成TM mode,從透過窗23導 入第1真空室21内。 在區射第1真空室21的侧壁,沿著周邊方向,設有等 分配置的氣體管嘴31,此氣體管嘴31、會連接產生電聚用 的氣體源,例如Ar氣體源,及產生氩電漿用的氣體源’ 例如%氣體源’在第!真空室21内的上部,平均等分的供 給Ar氣艘或Η〗氣趙(無圓示)。 第2真空室22内,設有與前述第1真空室21對向的半導 體晶圓(以下稱晶圓)1〇的載置台4。此載置台4的表面部 具有靜電叉柱(chuck) 41,在此靜電又柱41的電極,除 了吸附晶圓的直流電源(無囷示)之外,也連接外加旁路 (by pass )電壓將離子引入晶圓的高頻電源部42。 其次,是關於採用上述裝置,在被處理基板的晶圓1〇 上,形成由CF膜構成的層間絕緣膜之一連貫製程的說明 ,本發明t程的特徵是,CF膜的成膜處理與滅鍵處理是 交互重複進行。首先,打開設於真空容器2側壁的閘閥(gate alve無圖不)’利用搬送臂,將表面形成有鋁配線的晶 圓1〇,從loacMock室(無围示)搬入,放置於載置台4上 再利用靜電又枉41將晶圓10作靜電吸附,並對晶圓1〇進 行如圊2所示的CF膜的成膜處理。 ( CNS ) A4iWMllOx297iJl-"~~~ -:- (請先閱讀背而之注意事項再填祎本頁}
A7 ______Η 7 五、發明説明(5 ) 關閉閘閥密閉内部之後’利用排氣管28將内部氣體排 出,並抽真空到一定的真空度,在維持真空容器2内一定 的製程壓之狀態下,從氣體管嘴31將產生電漿用的氣體例 如Ar氣體,以一定流量導入第1真空室21内,並從成膜氣 艘供給部5將成膜氣艘,以一定流量導入第2真空室22内。 然後’從高頻電源部24供給2.45GHz、2700W的高頻(微 波),及’從高頻電源部42將13.56]^1^、1500评的偏壓電 壓外加到載置台4。 經濟部中央標隼局貝工消費合作社印繁 如此一來’來自高頻電源部24的微波,會透過導波管 25到達真空容器2的天井部,並透過透過窗23導入第1真空 室21内。此外’在真空容器2内,會藉由主電磁線圈26及 輔助電磁線圈27,從第1真空室21的上部向第2真空室22的 下部形成磁場,例如’在第1真空室21的下部附近,磁場 強度是875高斯(gauss)»藉由磁場與微波的相互作用, 產生電子粒子迴旋加速裝置(cyclotron)共鳴,並藉此共 鳴,將Ar氣體電漿化且高密度化。所發生的電漿流會從 第1真空室21流入第2真空室22 ’將供給的c4F8氣體、c2H4 氣體活性化(電漿化 > ’形成活性種(電漿),將CF膜成 膜於晶圓10上。 進行成膜處理之後,會進行如圓2 (b)所示的濺鍍處 理。此濺鍍處理是將濺鍍用的氣體如Ar氣體電漿化,藉 由此電漿’將形成於晶圓10上的CF膜作滅鍵。亦即,將 晶圓10載置於載置台4上,從氣體管嘴31導入一定流量的 Ar ’在微波電力(高頻電源部24 ) 2700W、偏磨電力(高 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS ) Λ4规梢(210Χ 297μΓ7~ 經濟部中央標準局貝工消費合作社印聚 A7 13*7 、發明説明(6 ) 頻電源部42) 1500W之下’藉由上述的電子粒子迴旋加速 裝置(cyclotron)共鳴,將Ar氣體電漿化,並藉此將所產 生的Ar電漿照射到晶圓10上的〇卩膜。 其次,重複一定次數的上述成膜處理及濺鍍處理(第 2 (c)、2 (d)圓)’例如進行最後的成膜處理(第2 (e) 圓)’結束一連貫的製程。比如1次的成膜處理是42秒左右 ,1次的濺鍍處理是28秒左右^ 1次的成膜處理可形成1000 埃(A )左右的CF膜,成膜處理全體約形成2私111左右的 匸卩膜》製造實際的裝置時,在這之後會對cf膜進行一定 樣式的蝕刻’在溝部埋入W膜形成W配線等》 此一連貫的製程,無論是以上述的成膜處理結束,還 是以濺鍍處理結束,以濺鍍處理結束時的順序如圖3所示 ’實際的製程’首先是在Ar氣體導入後供給微波電力, 接著在成膜氣體的導入與偏壓電力供給的同時,間始成膜 處理。接著,停止成膜氣體導入後,開始濺鍍處理,此後 ,重複一定次數的成膜處理及濺鍍處理。進行濺鍍處理結 束一連貫的處理時,首先在停止成膜氣體的導入後,停止 偏壓電力的供給,接著停止微波電力的供給,最後停止Ar 氣體的導入。 一方面,在最後進行成膜處理結束一連貫的處理時, 在成旗氣艘導入與偏壓電力供給同時停止後,停止微波電 力的供給,最後停止Ar氣體的導入。此一連貫的處理, 在供給微波電力與偏壓電力,且導入成膜氣體與Ar氣體 期間,即為成膜處理;停止導入成膜氣體期間,亦即供給 本紙張尺度適用中國國豕標準(CNS ) Λ4規格(210Χ297公势) 9 (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁)
、1T 經濟部中央樣準局員工消費合作社印聚 A7 — __η·7 五、發明説明(7〉 一 〜 微波電力與偏壓電力,且導入^氣體期間,即為濺鍍處 理。 以此方法形成的CF膜,具有強固的結合,由後述的
實驗亦可看出其熱安定性很大,亦即,即使在高溫下,F 系氣體也不會脫離。關於該理由,可就如下之考量。亦即 ,組合CF系氣體與碳氩氣體作為成膜氣體,來做膜成 膜時,此CF膜中’有如圓4所示的c_c結合或C_F結合之存 在。 依據本實施之形態’ CF膜會藉由Ar電聚(Ar*)進行 減鍍,如第2圖所示,Ar電漿會敲叩CF膜表面,使膜厚減 少,此時,膜中在CF膜堆精所形成的弱結合,如c_CF3結 合、C-F結合或CF高分子部份,會因濺鍍而成物理性叩除 ’引起切斷的C-CF3或F向膜外飛散的現象。c-CF3或F被 切斷的C可以再與別的c結合成新的C-C結合,C-C結合會 成立體構造,結果,構成的CF膜結合就會變的更強固。 成臈處理及濺鍍處理交互進行,CF膜會如第2 (e) 圓所示,中間含有因濺鍍處理而變的強固的結合層之層積 ’如此形成的CF膜,就膜全體來看,比未進行濺鍍處理 而形成的CF膜,其弱結合減少了 β高溫熱處理時,因為 熱會使C-C結合或C-F結合切斷,使產生的F或CF、CF2、 CF3變成氣體飛散,引起ρ系氣體的脫離,但,若能預先 以濺鍍處理將弱結合叩除,因熱而被切斷的結合就會減少 ,可以抑制F系氣體的脫離。 此外,CF膜在途中含有幾層強固層,所以,在此層 本紙張尺度適用中國國家梯準(CNS ) Λ4現格(210X297公 C請先閲讀背而之注意事項再填寫本頁)
10 經濟部中央標準局貝工消費合作社印製 A7 _________B7 五、發明説明(8 ) 中,即使在高溫下,C-C結合也不易被切斷。因此,假設 在此層下方側有弱結合被切斷而產生脫離氣體,中間部的 的強固膜,會形成壁壘(barrier )阻止F系氣體的脫離》 由上述製程所形成的CF膜’即使在高溫的熱處理時,也 可防止F系氣體的脫離,因此可以提昇CF膜的熱安定性。 接著’就來說明調查本發明方法所形成的CF膜的熱 安定性之實驗例。採用第1圈所示的電漿處理裝置,導入 150sccm 的 Ar 氣體,40sccm的 C4F8 氣體,30sccm 的 C2H4 氣 體,進行42秒的成膜處理。此時,微波電力及偏壓電力各 為2700W及1500W,製程壓力為〇.23Pa。接著,導入150sccm 的Ar氣體並電漿化,進行28秒的滅鍍處理。此時,微波 電力及偏壓電力各為2700W及1500W。重複20次的成膜處 理及濺鍍處理,最後進行成膜處理,在晶圓10上成膜2仁 m左右的CF膜(實施例1)。 對如此形成的CF膜,進行425。(:、2個小時的緩冷( anneal)處理,以電子天秤測量緩冷處理前後的重量變化 。此重量變化就是薄膜的熱安定性指標,值若小,就表示 F系氣體的脫離很少,熱安定性很高。 另外’將成膜處理時間做82秒,濺鍵處理時間做28秒 ,重複10次的成膜處理及濺錄處理(實施例2),途中不進 行激艘處理,在晶圓10上成膜2从m左右的CF膜,亦同樣 測定其重量變化(比較例)^實施例2和比較例的Ar氣體 及成膜氣體的流量、微波電力及偏壓電力等條件,完全與 實施例1相同》 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS > Λ4規格(210X297^^7" ---- (請先閱讀背面之注意事項苒4寫本f ) ji衣 訂 經濟部中央標準局貝工消費合作社印掣 A7 _____B7 五、發明説明(9 ) 結果,CF膜的重量變化,實施例1是2.55%,實施例2 是3.10%,比較例是3 62%。由此可以看出,進行錢鍍處 理比不進行濺鍍處理,其重量變化小,F系氣體的脫離少 ’熱安定性高《在成膜相同厚度的CF膜時,重複越多次 成膜處理及濺鍍處理,CF膜的重量變化更小,熱安定性 更高。 以上的成膜氣體,可以採用cf4氣體、c2F6氣體、c3F8 氣艘等’作為C與F的化合物氣體,不只是C和F,亦可採 用含有C和F和Η的氣體,例如CHF3氣體等〃此外,亦可 採用CH4氣體或c#2氣體、C2H6氣體、C3H8氣體、C4H8氣 通等’作為碳化氫氣體’採用氫氣代替碳化氫氣體亦可。 再則’濺鍍用氣體,除了 Ar氣體之外,亦可採用He 氣體或Ne氣體、Xe氣體、h2氣體、NH3氣體、CF4氣體、 CZF6氣體、CJ8氣體等。這些濺鍍用氣體,單獨使用或數 種組合使用均可。上述的實施型態,濺鍍用氣體是從氣體 管嘴31導入的,但也可從成膜氣體供給部5導入。 此外’在上述的實施型態’濺鍍用氣體是採用電漿產 生用氣艘’所以,是如第3圖所示的製程順序,但是,若 採用與He氣體等電漿產生用氣體種類不同的氣體作為濺 錢用氣體,來進行濺鍵處理的時候,在停止成膜氣體導入 之際,就要導入濺鍍用氣體》 採用與CJ8氣艘等成膜氣艘種類相同的氣趙作為減鍍 用氣體,來進行濺鍍處理的時候,要停止不用的碳化氩氣 艘,作為濺鍍用氣體。因採用與成膜氣體或電漿產生用氣 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS > Λ4規格(210X297公势—Γ (請先閱讀背而之注意事項再填寫本頁)
B7 經濟部中央標率局員工消費合作社印聚 五、發明説明(l〇 ) 體同種類的氣體,作為濺鍍用氣體時,在進行濺鍍處理之 際,停止不要的氣體導入,較容易操作。 再則,本實施型態亦不限於以電漿CVD來成膜CF膜 ,亦可以熱CVD來成膜。此外,以電漿CVD來成膜時, 電漿也不限以ECR產生,下述方法亦可適用:利用ICP ( Inductive Coupled Plasma)等捲在巨蛋狀容器的線圈,將 電場及磁場供給處理氣體的方法來產生電漿的方法、利用 電磁(helicon)波或磁控管(magnetron)產生電聚的方 法、將高頻電力加到所謂的平行平板等相互對向的電極間 來產生電漿的方法等》 本實施型態亦可不從成膜步驟,而從濺鍍步驟開始, 亦可重複不限次數的成膜步驟與濺鍍步驟。此外,一連貫 製程在成膜步驟或濺鍍步驟結束亦均可,但若進行濺鍍步 驟時,因電漿會敲叩CF膜表面,所以,若以濺鍍步驟結 束時,在此步驟之後,可望進行另外裝置的CMP步驟》 此外,CF膜的熱安定性,亦可以TDS光譜(Thermal Disorption Spectroscopy)來測定脫離氣體的量或熱處理 的膜厚變化、或以TGA (Thermal Gravimetry Analysis) 來檢查其重量變化。 (請先閲讀背而之注意事項再填寫本頁)
本紙張尺度適用中國國家標举(CNS ) Λ4規格(2丨0 X 297公泣_ ) 13

Claims (1)

  1. 中請專利範圍 L 一種電漿處理方法,其特徵在於:其包含將濺鍍用氣 體電漿化,並將此電漿照射到形成於被處理基板上的 加氟碳膜之濺鍍步驟。 2·如申請專利範圍第1項所記載的電漿處理方法,其中, 前述濺鍍用氣體包含Ar氣體、He氣體、Ne氣體、xe氣 想、h2氣艘、nh3氣體、CF4氣艘、C2F6氣體、(:4?8氣 體、或任何這些氣體的組合。 3· 一種電漿處理方法,其特徵在於:其包含分解包括碳 與氟的化合物氣體的成膜氣體,且,利用化學氣相反 應’在被處理基板上將加氟碳膜成膜的步驟,及 接著將濺鍍用氣體電漿化,並將此電漿照射到形 成於被處理基板上的加氟碳膜之滅鍵步驟; 上述成膜步驟與上述濺鍍步驟是交互重複進行者 〇 4.如申請專利範圍第3項所記載的電漿處理方法,其中, 前述減鍵用氣體包含Ar氣趙、He氣艘、Ne氣艘、xe氣 艘、H2氣體、NH3氣體、CF4氣體、c2F6氣體、c4f8氣 體、或任何這些氣體的組合。 (請先閲讀背面之注^^項再填寫本頁) 訂 經濟部中央標準局負工消费合作社印製 14
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