TW201942075A - 有機污泥的處理裝置及處理方法 - Google Patents

有機污泥的處理裝置及處理方法 Download PDF

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TW201942075A
TW201942075A TW107113229A TW107113229A TW201942075A TW 201942075 A TW201942075 A TW 201942075A TW 107113229 A TW107113229 A TW 107113229A TW 107113229 A TW107113229 A TW 107113229A TW 201942075 A TW201942075 A TW 201942075A
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organic sludge
cement
mixing device
raw material
cyclone
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山本泰史
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日商太平洋工程股份有限公司
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Abstract

[課題]將設備成本及水泥生產效率或熟料生產量之降低抑制到最小限度並處理有機污泥。[解決手段]一種有機污泥的處理裝置，包含有：分化裝置，從水泥燒成裝置之預熱器旋風分離器將預熱原料進行分化；混合裝置，將有機污泥與經過分化的預熱原料混合；及供給裝置(混合物斜槽、雙層板型風門板型風門、閉合式風門)，將來自混合裝置之混合物供給到從水泥燒成裝置之煅燒爐之下部或水泥窯之窯尾部到煅燒爐之下部之間的導管。亦可包含有：旋風分離器，導入來自混合裝置之排氣，並且將粗粉回收後使之回到混合裝置，並且將包含微粉的排氣排出；導入裝置，將包含從旋風分離器排出之微粉的臭氣氣體導入至水泥燒成裝置之最下段旋風分離器的氣體出口部，亦可包含有將尿素供給到混合裝置之尿素供給裝置。

Description

有機污泥的處理裝置及處理方法
發明領域 本發明是有關於一種下水污泥等之有機污泥的處理裝置及處理方法，且是有關於一種將有機污泥有效利用作為燃料等的裝置等。
發明背景 從下水處理場排出之下水污泥等的有機污泥，因為近年來處理場的枯竭或防止環境污染，至今為止所進行的陸上掩埋等漸趨困難。因此，將下水污泥等有效利用為燃料的方法也有各種提案。例如，在專利文獻1等，揭示了一種技術如下：將下水污泥等之有機污泥，以含水泥漿狀的型態，直接往水泥製造設備之窯的窯尾部或煅燒爐投入而燃料化。
可是，在上述專利文獻1記載的方法中，由於將有機污泥在含水泥漿狀的狀態下投入到水泥窯的窯尾部，因此污泥水分的蒸發所需的熱量非常大，燒成溫度會急速地降低而水泥生產效率降低。又，因為污泥水分蒸發而水泥預熱器排氣量增加，因此會有水泥熟料生產量減少等的問題。
因此，例如，在專利文獻2等揭示了一種技術是：使用氣流乾燥機使有機污泥乾燥，作為用以將有機污泥投入到水泥窯之窯尾的前處理。該技術是，將經過氣流乾燥成污泥餅之污泥的循環乾燥粉混合攪拌後調整水分，以氣流乾燥機之解碎機解碎混合粉之後，使之在乾燥導管內乾燥，並以旋風分離器予以集塵而得到乾燥粉，將乾燥粉之一定量吹入到旋轉窯而作為水泥熟料燒成用燃料之一部分來利用。 先行技術文獻 專利文獻
[專利文獻1]日本特許第3933194號公報 [專利文獻2]日本特開第2002-273492號公報
發明概要 發明欲解決之課題 可是，在上述專利文獻2記載的技術中，由於氣流乾燥機等的裝置是必要的，因此增大設備成本，並且因為進行氣流乾燥機之排氣的臭氣處理，故當排氣回到水泥燒成裝置時，水泥生產效率或熟料生產量降低。
因此，本發明是有鑒於上述習知技術之問題點而做成者，其目的在於將設備成本、以及水泥生產效率或熟料生產量之降低抑制到最小限度，以處理有機污泥。 解決課題之方法
為達成上述目的，本發明是一種有機污泥的處理裝置，其特徵在於包含有：分化裝置，從水泥燒成裝置之預熱器旋風分離器分化預熱原料；混合裝置，將有機污泥與在前述分化裝置經過分化之預熱原料混合；及供給裝置，將從該混合裝置排出之混合物，供給到從前述水泥燒成裝置之煅燒爐之下部或水泥窯之窯尾部到前述煅燒爐之下部之間的導管。
根據本發明，藉由與從預熱器旋風分離器分化後之預熱原料混合，使有機污泥乾燥，將乾燥污泥與預熱原料一起供給到煅燒爐之下部或從水泥窯之窯尾部到煅燒爐之下部之間的導管，藉此可利用乾燥污泥作為替代燃料，將預熱原料在煅燒爐等進行脫羧，並且可將設備成本以及水泥生產效率或熟料生產量降低抑制到最小限度並且處理有機污泥。
上述有機污泥的處理裝置可包含有：旋風分離器，導入包含來自前述前述混合裝置之灰塵、臭氣及水蒸氣的排氣，並且將粗粉回收後回到前述混合裝置，並且將包含微粉、臭氣及水蒸氣的排氣排出；及導入裝置，將包含從該旋風分離器排出之微粉、臭氣及水蒸氣的排氣，導入至前述水泥燒成裝置之最下段旋風分離器之氣體出口部，可將因污泥乾燥而產生的臭氣氣體有效利用而作為水泥窯排氣之脫硝用並且進行處理。
上述有機污泥的處理裝置可包含有將尿素供給到前述混合裝置之尿素供給裝置，藉由將供給之尿素經過旋風分離器而添加到最下段旋風分離器的氣體出口，可提高脫硝機能。又，由於僅添加尿素，因此相較於如以往添加尿素水的方法，可減少帶入水泥燒成裝置的水分量。
又，本發明是一種有機污泥的處理方法，其特徵在於：將有機污泥與從水泥燒成裝置之預熱器旋風分離器分化後之預熱原料混合，並且將混合物導入至從該水泥燒成裝置之煅燒爐之下部或水泥窯之窯尾部到前述煅燒爐之下部之間的導管。
根據本發明，使用從預熱器旋風分離器分化後之預熱原料使有機污泥乾燥，將乾燥污泥與預熱原料一起供給到煅燒爐的下部等，藉此可利用乾燥污泥作為替代燃料，並且將預熱原料在煅燒爐等進行脫羧，可將設備成本以及水泥生產效率或熟料生產量降低抑制到最小限而處理有機污泥。
上述有機污泥的處理方法中，可將前述有機污泥與前述預熱原料混合時產生的臭氣氣體，導入至前述水泥燒成裝置之最下段旋風分離器的氣體出口部，可將因污泥乾燥而產生之臭氣氣體有效利用作為水泥窯排氣之脫硝用而進行處理。
又，從前述預熱器旋風分離器分化後之預熱原料的溫度可為300℃以上、900℃以下。 發明效果
如以上所述，根據本發明，可將設備成本以及水泥生產效率或熟料生產量降低抑制到最小限度來處理有機污泥。
較佳實施例之詳細說明 其次，就用以實施本發明之形態，一面參照圖式一面詳細地進行說明。
圖1是顯示具備本發明之有機污泥的處理裝置之水泥燒成裝置，該水泥燒成裝置1具備：水泥窯2、熟料冷卻器3、預熱器4及煅燒爐5等之一般的水泥燒成裝置之構成元件，除此之外還具備分化裝置7與混合裝置8等，前述分化裝置7是從預熱器4之3段旋風分離器4C之原料斜槽4a所排出之水泥原料(預熱原料)R1分化其一部分；前述混合裝置8是將已分化之水泥原料R2混合到由有機污泥供給裝置6供給之有機污泥S，並且使有機污泥S乾燥。再者，預熱器4是具有4段或5段之旋風分離器，但圖1中，省略了存在於3段旋風分離器4C之上方之裝置的圖示。所謂有機污泥S是下水污泥、製紙污泥、污水槽污泥、食品污泥等。
分化裝置7是可由例如貫通3段旋風分離器4C之原料斜槽4a之螺旋輸送機構成。貫通螺旋輸送機之原料斜槽4a之部分之殼體之上半部被除去，且構成為從上方導入螺旋輸送機水泥原料R1。在從分化裝置7往混合裝置8的原料斜槽9設置板型風門10及雙層板型風門11，將保有氣密性並且經過分化之水泥原料R2導入至混合裝置8。
混合裝置8在水平軸8a安裝多數個葉片8b，藉由使水平軸8a旋轉，葉片8b也進行旋轉，同時進行有機污泥S與水泥原料R2之混合乾燥與搬送。為了防止因為急遽的水蒸氣產生而增加飛散灰塵，在混合裝置8設置罩體8c。
在混合裝置8的上方，設置從混合裝置8之排氣G1進行除塵之旋風分離器集塵機16，在旋風分離器集塵機16之上方的氣體導管15，設置用以調節旋風分離器集塵機16之排氣G2之流量的流量調整閥17。在旋風分離器集塵機16之斜槽設置板型風門18，保持氣密性並且將已集塵之粗粉C回到混合裝置8。
在混合裝置8的下方，設置雙層板型風門13與閉合式風門14，保有氣密性並且將水泥原料R2與有機污泥S之混合物M透過混合物斜槽12而導入到煅燒爐5的下部。
其次，就使用了具有上述構成之水泥燒成裝置1之本發明的有機污泥的處理方法，參照圖1並進行說明。
在水泥燒成裝置1運轉時，透過有機污泥供給裝置6將有機污泥S供給到混合裝置8，並且在分化裝置7將從預熱器4之3段旋風分離器4C排出之水泥原料R1之一部分進行分化，將分化後之水泥原料R2導入至混合裝置8。混合裝置8中，將該等水泥原料混合攪拌1-20分鐘左右並且搬送，藉由水泥原料R2的顯熱，將有機污泥S加熱使之乾燥。再者，未被分化之水泥原料R1如往常在最下段旋風分離器4A、2段旋風分離器4B預熱，並在煅燒爐5、最下段旋風分離器4A進行脫羧後，在水泥窯2進行燒成而生成水泥熟料。
乾燥後之有機污泥S及水泥原料R2的混合物M從混合裝置8被排出，並透過混合物斜槽12而導入到煅燒爐5的下部。混合物M中經過乾燥之有機污泥S在煅燒爐5是利用來代替燃料，並且水泥原料R2在煅燒爐5、最下段旋風分離器4A經過脫羧後，在水泥窯2燒成而生成水泥熟料。
另一方面，混合裝置8的排氣G1導入到旋風分離器集塵機16，粗粉C返回混合裝置8。來自旋風分離器集塵機16的微粉F、包含臭氣及水蒸氣的排氣G2藉由流量調整閥17而適宜經過流量調整後，導入至最下段旋風分離器4A之排氣出口，藉此可除去排氣G2內所含的臭氣，並且來自排氣G2所含之有機污泥S的氨將水泥窯排氣G3進行脫硝。若藉由罩體8C之效果而排氣G1內所含之灰塵量較少時，可省略旋風分離器16及板型風門18。
如以上所述，根據本實施形態，由於使用構成比氣流乾燥機簡單的混合裝置8，因此可將設備成本抑制在較低。又，包含混合裝置8之微粉F、臭氣及水蒸氣之排氣G2導入至最下段旋風分離器4A的排氣出口，因此對於在煅燒爐5之水泥原料R1之脫羧等也不會造成不良影響。
再者，若將尿素導入混合裝置8，使混合裝置8之排氣G1(旋風分離器集塵機16之排氣G2)所含的氨濃度上昇，可使水泥窯排氣G3之脫硝機能更為提升。
在上述實施形態中，從預熱器4之3段旋風分離器4C之原料斜槽4a將水泥原料R2進行分化，但分化之水泥原料的溫度從與有機污泥S有效率的熱交換的觀點來看，宜為300-900℃，較佳的是600-800℃。
又，混合裝置8的構成不限定於上述者，也可採用可利用水泥原料R2的顯熱使有機污泥S乾燥之其他種類裝置。
1‧‧‧水泥燒成裝置
2‧‧‧水泥窯
3‧‧‧熟料冷卻器
4‧‧‧預熱器
4A‧‧‧最下段旋風分離器
4B‧‧‧2段旋風分離器
4C‧‧‧3段旋風分離器
4a‧‧‧原料斜槽
5‧‧‧煅燒爐
6‧‧‧有機污泥供給裝置
7‧‧‧分化裝置
8‧‧‧混合裝置
8a‧‧‧水平軸
8b‧‧‧葉片
8c‧‧‧罩體
9‧‧‧原料斜槽
10‧‧‧板型風門
11‧‧‧雙層板型風門
12‧‧‧混合物斜槽
13‧‧‧雙層板型風門
14‧‧‧閉合式風門
15‧‧‧氣體導管
16‧‧‧旋風分離器集塵機
17‧‧‧流量調整閥
18‧‧‧板型風門
C‧‧‧粗粉
F‧‧‧微粉
G1-G3‧‧‧排氣
M‧‧‧混合物
R1,R2‧‧‧水泥原料
S‧‧‧有機污泥
圖1是顯示本發明之水泥燒成裝置之一實施形態的概略圖。

Claims (6)

  1. 一種有機污泥的處理裝置，其特徵在於包含有： 分化裝置，從水泥燒成裝置之預熱器旋風分離器分化預熱原料； 混合裝置，將有機污泥與在前述分化裝置經過分化之預熱原料混合；及 供給裝置，將從該混合裝置排出之混合物，供給到從前述水泥燒成裝置之煅燒爐之下部或水泥窯之窯尾部到前述煅燒爐之下部之間的導管。
  2. 如請求項1之有機污泥的處理裝置，其包含有： 旋風分離器，導入包含來自前述前述混合裝置之灰塵、臭氣及水蒸氣的排氣，並且將粗粉回收後回到前述混合裝置，並且將包含微粉、臭氣及水蒸氣的排氣排出；及 導入裝置，將包含從該旋風分離器排出之微粉、臭氣及水蒸氣的排氣，導入至前述水泥燒成裝置之最下段旋風分離器之氣體出口部。
  3. 如請求項1或2之有機污泥的處理裝置，其包含有將尿素供給到前述混合裝置之尿素供給裝置。
  4. 一種有機污泥的處理方法，其特徵在於：將有機污泥與從水泥燒成裝置之預熱器旋風分離器分化後之預熱原料混合，並且將混合物導入至從該水泥燒成裝置之煅燒爐之下部或水泥窯之窯尾部到前述煅燒爐之下部之間的導管。
  5. 如請求項4之有機污泥的處理方法，其是將前述有機污泥與前述預熱原料混合時產生的臭氣氣體，導入至前述水泥燒成裝置之最下段旋風分離器的氣體出口部。
  6. 如請求項4或5之有機污泥的處理方法，其中從前述預熱器旋風分離器分化後之預熱原料的溫度為300℃以上、900℃以下。
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