TW201002419A - A method for preparing a heterogeneous, high-activity platinum-containing, supported hydrogenation catalyst - Google Patents
A method for preparing a heterogeneous, high-activity platinum-containing, supported hydrogenation catalyst Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- TW201002419A TW201002419A TW098116885A TW98116885A TW201002419A TW 201002419 A TW201002419 A TW 201002419A TW 098116885 A TW098116885 A TW 098116885A TW 98116885 A TW98116885 A TW 98116885A TW 201002419 A TW201002419 A TW 201002419A
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- Prior art keywords
- catalyst
- metal
- group
- catalyst support
- cpa
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- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 128
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 37
- 238000005984 hydrogenation reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 title claims description 16
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title description 30
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 title description 15
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- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 229910000420 cerium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 19
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- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 230000009849 deactivation Effects 0.000 claims description 11
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- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- OAKJQQAXSVQMHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrazine Chemical compound NN OAKJQQAXSVQMHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims description 7
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- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims 2
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- 150000004056 anthraquinones Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
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- 229910052746 lanthanum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- XGCPRKZQVACHIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O.NC(N)=O.NC(N)=O XGCPRKZQVACHIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J35/00—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties
- B01J35/30—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their physical properties
- B01J35/391—Physical properties of the active metal ingredient
- B01J35/394—Metal dispersion value, e.g. percentage or fraction
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J23/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00
- B01J23/38—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of noble metals
- B01J23/40—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of noble metals of the platinum group metals
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J23/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00
- B01J23/38—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of noble metals
- B01J23/40—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of noble metals of the platinum group metals
- B01J23/42—Platinum
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J23/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00
- B01J23/38—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of noble metals
- B01J23/40—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of noble metals of the platinum group metals
- B01J23/44—Palladium
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J23/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00
- B01J23/38—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of noble metals
- B01J23/54—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of noble metals combined with metals, oxides or hydroxides provided for in groups B01J23/02 - B01J23/36
- B01J23/56—Platinum group metals
- B01J23/64—Platinum group metals with arsenic, antimony, bismuth, vanadium, niobium, tantalum, polonium, chromium, molybdenum, tungsten, manganese, technetium or rhenium
- B01J23/648—Vanadium, niobium or tantalum or polonium
- B01J23/6484—Niobium
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J23/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00
- B01J23/38—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of noble metals
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Description
201002419 六、發明說明: 【明戶斤腐才支冬餘々貝土或]| 本案請求美國臨時專利申請案第61/055,254號,申請日 2008年5月22曰,名稱「用於製備異質、高活性含鉑且經支 撐之氫化催化劑的方法」之優先權之非臨時申請案,該案 教示係以引用方式併入此處彷彿於此處完整重現般。 大致上本發明係關於一種製備用於氫化聚合物,特別 為含芳香環之聚合物之催化劑,特別為異質催化劑。含有 芳香環之示例說明的聚合物包括乙烯系芳香族均聚物(例 如聚苯乙烯)及苯乙烯系嵌段共聚物(SBc),諸如苯乙烯-異 戊間二烯-苯乙烯(SIS)三嵌段共聚物、苯乙烯_丁二烯_苯乙 烯(SBS)三嵌段共聚物、苯乙烯_丁二烯_苯乙烯_丁二烯_苯 乙烯(SBSBS)五嵌段共聚物或笨乙烯_異戊間二烯_苯乙烯_ 異戊間二烯-苯乙稀(SISIS)五嵌段共聚物。特定言之,本發 明包括水性沉積沉殿技術之用途而非非水性初濕含浸技術 及水性初濕含浸技術之用途。更特定言之,本方法包括具 有斥水表面或親水表面之二氧化矽(sio2)用作為催化劑撐 體及視需要可包括耐去活化金屬(例如銖之用途。本發 明亦係關於藉該方法所製備之催化劑及此等催化劑用於氫 化含务香丨哀聚合之芳香環雙鍵之用途。 L· ^ 核發給11训111之美國專利案(1;81)) 6,376,622揭示一種 異質經二氧化矽支撐之金屬氫化催化劑及一種用於使用該 催化劑氫化芳香族聚合物之方法。金屬係選自於鎳、鈷、 201002419 錄、釕、纪、舶或其組合物。催化劑也包含選自於銖、銦、 鎢、组、銳或其混合物之耐去活化組分或金屬。二氧化石夕 具有某種孔徑分布,因此至少(大於)百分之95 (95%)其孔隙 體積係由具有30奈米(nm) (300埃))至1〇〇奈米(1,000埃)之直 徑之孔隙所界定。芳香族聚合物可為SBC。 USP 6,376,622、USP 6,090,359 (Hucul)及USP 6,395,841 (Calverly等人)教示促進劑諸如驗金屬化合物、驗土金屬化 合物或含鑭系元素化合物可用於協助催化劑金屬之分布於 二氧化矽撐體上’或協助於反應期間安定化此等催化劑金 屬’但須注意此等促進劑之使用並不佳。 USP 6,455,656 (Hahnfeld等人)提供與此等促進劑之使 用相關的教示,但未曾提示促進劑之使用並不佳。 核發給Hucul之USP 5,110,779揭示可包括促進劑來於 若干反應進一步提升催化劑選擇性之異質氫化催化劑。 Hucul教示經由製成催化劑金屬或金屬化合物諸如金屬鹽 於適當溶劑介質諸如水或醇之分散液或溶液;將該金屬溶 液或分散液組合撐體材料;以及移除溶劑介質來獲得撐體 與金屬或金屬化合物之複合物,可製備異質催化劑。Η此⑴ 包括含至多5個碳原子之低碳烷醇(例如甲醇、乙醇或丙醇) 作為代表性非水性稀釋劑。 USP 6,090,359 (Hucul)教示可如USP 511〇 779所述製 備經二氧化⑭支撐之催化劑,且加上藉氣相沉積水性浸潰 或^水性浸潰接著為瑕燒、料或任何其他習知方法=將 適當金屬或含金屬化合物沉積於撐體上。Hueul述及表面科 201002419 學及催化研究,「催化劑之成功設計」,44期,146-158頁(1989 年)及應用異質催化劑,第75-123頁,法國石油研究所公開 文獻(1987年)。
Hucul (USP 6,090,359)及Calverly等人(USP 6,395,841) 教示於浸潰方法中,含適當金屬之化合物可為任一種製造 有用的氫化催化劑之含金屬化合物。此等化合物可為鹽 類、配位錯合物、有機金屬化合物或共價錯合物,但較佳 為金屬鹵化物鹽,以金屬氣化物鹽為最佳。以經二氧化石夕 支撐之催化劑之總重為基準,典型的金屬含量係於0.1重量 百分比(wt°/〇)至1 〇 Wt%之範圍。 美國臨時專利公告案(USPPP) 60/013422,申請曰2007年 12月13日(Olken等人)揭示透過一步驟式初濕含浸方法,但使 用水性溶劑而非非水性溶劑來製備此種異質氫化催化劑。 至於由非水性初濕含浸技術以及由水性初濕含浸技術 所製備之異質催化劑二者,後述催化劑顯然具有與前者可 相媲美之活性。「活性」一詞表示於規定的溫度、壓力及聚 合物濃度,以每克催化劑每小時芳香環之莫耳數為單位測 得之聚合物氫化速率。此種測量係於後文實例進一步說明 其細節。 期望有一種具有比藉非水性或水性初濕含浸技術製備 之氫化催化劑更高的活性之異質氫化催化劑,特別較高活 性係組合成本降低、副產物減少或製程簡化中之至少一者 發生時尤為如此。也期望有比較經非水性或水性初濕含浸 技術所製備之催化劑具有改良效率之異質氣化催化劑。「效 5 201002419 率」1係指每單位氫化金屬重量之活性。效率之改良又 可導八催化舰本㈣低,㈣在於餘何給定之純活 /生水準需要較少量氫化金屬之故。 C發明内容;j 於若干面相,本發明為-種用於透過水性沉積沉殿而 製備包含VIII A族金屬及催化劑撐體之異質氫化催化劑之 方法,該方法包含: a. 經由從VIII A族金屬前驅物之水性溶液沉澱VIn a 方矢金屬刚驅物至催化劑撐體上而透過水性沉積沉殿製備一 濕的催化劑撐體’該濕的催化劑撐體具有νιπ A族金屬前驅 物 >儿積於且分散遍布催化劑撐體表面上; b. 將該濕的催化劑撐體轉成乾的催化劑撐體;及 c. 將該乾的催化劑擇體置於足夠將該νιπ八族金屬前 驅物轉成其金屬態之條件下接觸還原氣氛;該已還原的vm A族金屬具有分散百分比超過(大於25%)(例如g35%),及 該催化劑具有以每克催化劑每小時大於〇1莫耳芳香環表 示之氫化活性,較佳為g〇15莫耳芳香環/小時/克催化劑, 及更佳為2G.18莫耳芳香環/小時/克催化劑。 該方法視需要可進—步包含中間循序步驟Μ•及b2·,該 —步驟係繼於步驟b.之後而於步驟c.之前,步驟bl•包含以 耐去活化金屬4驅物之水性溶液濕潤該乾的催化劑撐體而 製造同質濕的催化劑撐體;及步驟b2將該同質濕的催化劑 偉體轉成乾的已含浸的催化劑撐體。耐去活化金屬較佳為 鍊(Re)。 201002419 如上步驟a.係於2攝氏60度(°c )之溫度發生。溫度期望 S 100 C。於步驟a.中,水性〉谷液具有較佳係於8至12及更佳 係於10至12之範圍之pH。 可將Re以外之金屬前驅物(例如選自於鑭(La)、鋇 (Ba)、釔(Y)、鈮(Nb)、鈽(Ce)、釓(Gd)或其混合物)之金屬 前驅物添加至步驟a.之水性溶液。金屬較佳為La。
於若干面相中,本發明為一種異質氫化催化劑,該催 化劑包含VIII A族金屬及催化劑撐體,該催化劑具有大於 25%之VIII Λ族金屬分散百分比及一氧化碳(c〇)吸附能力 2 0·4標準立方厘米CO/克(g)催化劑(scc c〇/g_催化劑),較 佳為20_5sCCCO/g-催化劑,更佳為g〇.6sccC〇/g_催化劑 及又更佳為^0.7 see CO/g-催化劑◦只要可達成大於25%之 VIII A族金屬分散百分比,則無需選擇任何特定¥111 A族金 屬含Ϊ或VIII A族金屬含量範圍。單純由催化劑金屬成本觀 點,較少量催化劑金屬係優於較大量催化劑金屬,只要該 催化劑可於合理之時間期間内有效氫化聚合物至期望的氫 化程度即可。以異質氩化催化劑總重為基準,滿意的結果 接著為wt°/。之VIII A族金屬含量。VIII A族金屬含量較 佳為S3_5 wt°/〇,更佳為$2.5 wt% ’及又更佳為2 wt%,各 個wt%係以異質氫化催化劑總重為基準。 t實万包方式;J 當於本文中陳述範圍(例如由2至1 〇之範圍)時,該範圍 之兩個端點(例如2及10)及各個數值,無論此等數值為有理 數或無理數皆係含括於該範圍,除非另行特別排除之。 7 201002419 於此處述及元素週期表係指CRC出版公司则年所 出版且擁有版權之元素週期表。任何述及族係指使用 IUPAC之族編號系、統而於此元素週期表中所反映的族。 除非有相反陳述、於内文暗示或為技藝界m全 部份數及百分比皆係、以重量計1於美國專利實務,此處 所述任何專利案、專利中請案或公告案之内文,全文^ 以應用方式併人此處(或其相當之美國版本係以引用方式 併入此處),特概及合成技術、定義(此不符合此處提供之 程度)及技藝界之一般知識之揭示的程度。 包含 及/、衍生一詞並未排除任何額外組分、 步驟或程序的存在,無論該等組分、步驟或程序是否揭示 於此處皆如此。此處透過使用「包含」—詞所請求的全部 組成物除非有相反揭示否則包括任何額外添加劑、辅劑或 化合物包括聚合物化合物或非聚合化合物。相反地,「主要 組成」-詞由隨後之引述内容中排除任何其他組分、步驟 或程序,但非操作上所必要者除外。「組成為」排除未特別 闡述或列舉之任何組分、步驟或程序。除非另行陳述,「或」 係指個別列舉或以任何組合列舉的成員 溫度表示法可為華氏度數rF)連= 地單純以。C表示。 化劑撐體較佳包含二氧切,更佳包含具有某種孔 徑勿布及某種表面積之二氧化矽。 使用美國材料試驗協會 (ASTM) D_爆刪過汞孔隙計量術來測定孔徑分布,及 使用ASTMD-4641-87來測定表面積。 201002419 催化劑撐體含有多個孔隙。孔隙具有孔徑或直徑其足 夠於聚合物分子於溶液中,配合基材聚合物分子(例如聚笨 乙烯)進入其中之孔徑或直徑,其芳香環期望為氫化。孔隙 直I較佳係^基材孔隙直徑之兩倍,更佳係—三倍。催化 劑撐體較佳具有極少且最佳不具有限制基材聚合物分子的 進入,但容納vma族金屬可進入之孔隙。 若基材聚合物分子為聚苯乙烯,Ness等人,巨分子, 35期,602-609頁(2002年)提示可使用如下方程式估計聚笨 乙烯分子於良好溶劑之回旋半徑(Rg),以奈米表示:
Rg= 1.2E'2* Μη0 595 於本方程式中,回旋半徑係以奈米為單位,而數目平均分 子量(Μη)係以道爾頓或克/莫耳(g/m〇1)g單位。等人考 慮於升高溫度諸如170。(:時,環己院為良好溶劑。前述方程 式顯然也提供苯乙烯系共聚物之Rg之合理估值。 孔徑分布較佳係由300埃至1〇 〇〇〇埃(3〇奈米至1〇〇〇奈 米),更佳係由300埃至3500埃(3〇奈米至35〇奈米),又更佳 係由350埃至1〇0〇埃(35奈米至1〇〇奈米),及更佳係由秦埃 至600埃(50奈米至6〇奈米)。對各個孔徑分布範圍,當最小 化# 乂佳只質上最小化且又更佳實質上去除低於各個所述 低限(例如300埃(30奈米))之孔徑後可獲得最佳、结果。前述 孔徑分布特別為高達且包括1〇〇〇埃(1〇〇奈米)之孔徑度特 別適合用於具有^^$1〇〇,〇〇〇之聚合物。較高分子量聚合物 (Mn>10〇,_)係有利於大於1〇〇〇埃(1〇〇奈米)之孔徑分命。 表觀孔隙直徑(APD)之估計Λ限係有關表面積(sA)(乎 201002419 方米/克),以公式表示APD(單位為埃)=4 x 104 (PV/SA),PV 表示孔隙谷積(單位為立方厘米/克(cm3/g)。以PV為1 cm3/g 為例’ 300埃(3〇奈米)之apd獲得140 m2/g之SA ; APD (單位 為埃)=4x 1〇4(PV/sa),pV表示孔隙容積(單位為立方厘米/ 克(cm3/g)。以PV為 1 cm3/g為例,APD 500埃(50 nm)獲得 140 m /g之SA,及APD 1000埃(1〇〇 nm)獲得40 m2/g之SA。熟諳 技藝人士對任何於前述孔徑分布以内之APD方便計算SA。 熟諳技藝人士瞭解只要PV並非過大,結果導致相對應之催 化劑撐體材料(例如二氧化矽)缺乏足夠結構完整性(換言之 太過脆弱)無法用作為有價值的催化劑撐體,則可具有較高 PV (例如1.2)。熟諳技藝人士也瞭解實際測量得之ApD可能 為且經常為略小於如上公式之預測值。 完全親水性二氧化矽及完全斥水性二氧化矽表示表面 羥基含量之一定範圍的兩端。全然親水性二氧化矽具有於 羥基濃度由每平方奈米4至5個羥基(OH/nm2),達到完全表 面經基飽和的程度。完全斥水性二氧化料有顯著較低的 表面經基含量諸如0.5 OH/nm2。由該範圍之—端通常為完 全親水性二氧化矽前進至該範圍之另一端,通常為完全斥 水性二氧化矽。二氧化矽變成較非親水性,且最政= 水性與斥水性間,二氧化錢為斥水性親水㈣ 點。用於本發明之目的,可使用親水性二氧切或斥水性 二氧化矽。 測量因經基損失所導致之重量損耗的技術 ’涉及使用 熱重分析儀(TGA)來於氮流之下,以每分鐘1〇 °C之速率將親 10 201002419 水性二氧化矽試樣由室溫(通常為25。〇加熱至8〇〇〇c。由室 溫至200°C之重量損耗顯然係由於所吸附的水損失的緣 故。200 C至800 C之重篁損耗ί*員然係由於經基損失的緣 故。甚至於800°C ’若干經基仍然殘留’原因在於極為困難 (即使並非不可能)將表面羥基含量降至〇 〇H/nm2,而未同 時破壞二氧化矽之孔隙度。TGA可有效測量熱不穩定性羥 基含量。舉例言之,於如下「實例」章節,二氧化矽A具有 4.8 ΟΗ/mn2之表面羥基含量及二氧化矽B具有丨5 〇H/nm2 之表面經基含量。Ralph Κ· Iler於二氧化矽化學,第6章,約 翰威利父子公司,、紐約(1979年)提供二氧化石夕之相關資訊。 如本文所述製備之異質氫化催化劑包括νιπ A族金 屬。VIII A族金屬包括鎳、钻、铑、舒、鈀、翻或其組合。 用於本發明之目的,料Pt)單獨或組合促進劑金屬(例如鋼 (La)或鈮(Nb))提供較佳氫化結果。若有所需,可於vm a 族金屬(特別為Pt)沉積於催化劑撐體上後加入耐去活化金 屬(例如銖(Re))。 適當催化劑禮體包括-標示為「實例」之標頭下方所 述多種市售二氧化石夕。 將VIII A族金屬特別為麵掺混入經支推之催化劑較佳 係藉催化劑前驅物材料’較佳域或酸鹽進行。對p t而言, 刖驅材料杈佳為水溶性鉑鹽’更佳為選自於由氯鉑酸 (CPA)、四Μ咖(PAN)、氫六減酸(HHp)及吨始酸錢 (ATP)所組成之組群之水溶㈣自鹽。對纪㈣而言,前驅材 料亦為水a性H ’較佳為四酸銨(ATpd)。 201002419 以異質氫化催化劑總重為基準,VIII A族金屬前驅物濃 度之較佳存在量係足夠提供已還原的V111 A族金屬濃度$ 5 wt%,分散百分比2 25°/f VIII A族金屬濃度更佳$ 3.5 wt%,又更佳g 2.5 wt% ’及又更佳$ 2 wt%,以低抵〇_55 wt% 之濃度可提供極為令人滿意的結果,各重量百分比係以異 質氫化催化劑重量為基準。 較佳VIII A族金屬濃度之說明例包括〇 58 wt%、〇 78 wt%、0.84 wt%、0. 89 wt%、0.9 wt%、0.92 wt%、ο.% wt%、 1.74 wt%' 1.8 wt% ' 1.3 wt%> 1.33 wt%' 1.36 wt%' 1.6 wt%' 1.9 wt%及2 wt% ’其各自係用於如下實例章節。分散百分 比可為可獲得前述VIII A族金屬濃度之任—種百分比。如此 理論上高達’但以較低分散百分比諸如娜至㈣% 為更佳,且提供極為令人可接受之結果,特別於相對低之 VIII A族金屬濃度時尤為如此。 M7M22教示適當耐去活化金屬包括銶、翻、鷄、 組、銳或其混合物。#使_去活化金屬且此種使用用於 本發明之目的為非必要時,來表示較佳耐去活化金屬。過 銶酸水性顿岐液及_祕組讀 含碰術沉積峨後添加。叙添加適合透過初濕 於财人物/金屬或組分#使㈣,較佳係以催化劑暴露 H 絲㈣之極性雜質後足_著抑娜Π A族 金屬心之去活化之數量存在,此處稱作為去活化抑制 12 201002419 量。VIII A族金屬之去活化係以氫化反應速率之顯著減低為 證。可以於極性雜質存在下,於相同條件下比較混合型氣 化催化劑與只含VIII A族金屬組分之催化劑舉例說明,其中 只含VIII A族金屬組分之催化劑具有比使用混合型氫化催 化劑所達成之氫化反應速率低於75%之氫化反應速率。 下列實例示例說明但非限制本發明。全部溫度皆係以 °C表示。阿拉伯數字表示本發明之實例(Εχ),而大寫字母 表示比較例(Comp Ex或CEx)。 實例1-使用親水性二氧化矽之製備 將具有親水表面之9.9克(g)二氧化矽(後文稱作為「二 氡化矽A」)[卡力克(CARIACT) Q-50二氧化矽,5〇〇埃(5〇 奈米)至_埃(60奈旬之孔徑範圍’49〇埃(49奈米)之測量得 自apd(相對於620埃(62奈米)之計算得之ApD),】2立方厘 米/克之PV,67微米之中間粒徑78平方米/克之sa富士㈣i (M)氫氧化銨溶液
Silysia)公司]置於含1〇〇毫升〇 5莫耳濃度 之25〇毫升(ml)圓底瓶内,使用架空攪拌; 形成漿液。添加溶解於10毫升水之〇.245 至漿液。漿液具有丨〇.82pH。燒瓶裝
13 201002419 組分三次。㈣〇 t奴點溫錢作之_通料爐内乾燥 已洗;條的固體。洗㈣且經乾燥之固體含有约G.G5 wt%氯 及小於3 wt%水,各個wt%係以已洗務的且經乾燥的固體總 重為基準。 〜 字.75克乾的洗務後固體放置於一对(2.μ厘米(cm))夕卜 徑(〇 · D.)石英管之已燒結的石英料頂上,然後將管及管内容 物置於賢管爐。氮氣向下通過已乾燥且經含浸的二氧化石夕 歷30分鐘。將已乾燥的且經含浸的二氧化矽轉成已還原的 且經活化的催化劑,轉換方式係首先以具有5%體積比(v〇l%) 氫含里之改性氮氣流置換氮氣,同時加熱烤爐及其内容物 至2〇〇°c設定點溫度歷2小時時間。於2〇〇〇Cs定點溫度持續 加熱烤爐及其内容物又經2小時,隨後冷卻至室溫。以純氮 置換改性氮氣流’純氮通過已活化之催化劑歷3 〇分鐘,隨 後由石英管移開已活化之催化劑,置於瓶内,密封該瓶子。 已活化之催化劑具有1_〇 wt% Pt於二氧化石夕標體上之 計算得的組成,假設全部pt皆為沉積。中子活化分析(NAA) 顯示Pt百分比為〇·9ΐ%。本材料具有〇·72 cc CO/g-催化劑之 —氧化碳吸附,獲得69.1%金屬分散液。 將0.89克已活化的催化劑連同400克13.7 wt%聚苯乙烯 (數目平均分子量或Μη為50,000,54.8克(g)或0.527莫耳芳香 環)於環己烷溶劑置於1升(1L)已攪拌之反應器(壓力產品工 業'公司(Pressure Products Industries)),以聚苯乙烯及環己烧 之組合重量為基準。首先以氮氣掃除反應器頂上空間’然 後使用氫氣掃除來由反應器中去除空氣及水。加熱反應器 14 201002419 内容物至160°C設定點溫度,同時以足夠建立600磅/平方吋 表計(psig) (4137千巴斯卡(KPa))之數量添加氫氣。持續加 熱及添加氫氣直到反應器壓力維持600 psig (4137 KPa),實 質上未添加氫。反應器内容物返回周圍溫度及壓力(大氣壓 (14.7 psig或101 KPa)),然後回收反應器内容物。 經由比較透過紫外光可見光(UV-Viss)光譜術使用 UV-Vis光譜儀(λ(ίΑΜΒϋΑ) EZ210,伯京艾瑪公司(perkin Elmer))測得之反應器内容物接近260奈米(nm)之峰之吸收 帶與未經氫化之聚苯乙烯溶液(例如氫化前之聚苯乙烯溶 液)之吸收帶,測定聚苯乙烯芳香環之轉換率或氫化程度。 以氫化前之芳香環含量為基準,轉換率為100〇/〇。 至於比較催化劑效能之手段,測定當聚苯乙烯溶液中 存在的芳香環之50°/。經氫化該時間點之氫化速率。具有 0.527莫耳聚苯乙烯溶液之氩氣耗用量為158莫耳或319 克。如此表示當氫耗用量累積至159克時,聚苯乙烯芳香 環虱化達到50%程度。以每克催化劑每小時被氫化的芳香 環莫耳數(mole/hr/g催化劑)為單位,計算於此點之氫化速 率。計算得之速率為0.458莫耳芳香環/小時/克催化劑。 實例2至實例4-5 重複實例1,但改變係如下表丨所示。二氧化矽B為具有 58平方米/克之表面積(SA),759埃(76奈米(nm)之平均孔隙 直徑(APD),1.1立方厘米/克之孔隙體積(pv),7〇微米之中 間粒徑及以加熱至800t:時測得之重量損耗為基準,具有 1.5〇H/nm2之表面羥基濃度之斥水性二氧化矽。「二氧化矽 15 201002419 C」為二氧化秒A之變化例,市面上可以卡力克q_5〇c得自 富士西利西亞公5Ί [測量得自ApD為(相較於計算得之 為550埃),PV為〇.83立方厘米/克,中間粒徑為6〇微米, SA為62平方米/克]。「二氧化卯」為二氧化碎故另一個 變化例’市面上可以卡力克Q_6GC得自富士西利西亞公司 [測i得自APD為400埃(相較於計算得之ApD為獅埃), 為〇·83立方厘米/克,中間粒徑為60微米,SA為47平方米/ 克]。「二氧化石夕E」為二氧化石夕a之又另一個變化例,市面 上可以卡力克Q_5GC SP得自富士西利西亞公司[測量得自 APD為35G%(相較於計算得之ApD為刪埃),pv^G 92立方 厘米/克’中間粒徑為3〇微米,SA為47平方米/克]。「二氧化 矽F」為—氧化矽八之另一個變化例,市面上可以卡力克 Q-50得自富士西利西亞公司,且於空氣中假燒至嶋。c來經 由去除表面經基讓此種親水性二氧切變成斥水性[測量 付自APD為49〇埃(相較於計算得之ApD為副埃),〜為】2 立方厘米7克’中間粒徑為60微米,SA為78平方米/克]。對 大邛刀催化劑,使用中子活化分析來驗證所得金屬載荷 里仁夕個3式樣係以星號接合標稱或目標金屬載荷量識 別’而非以測量值識別。測量得之金屬載荷量原則上係略 低於目標金屬载荷量。基於該基礎 ,對於缺中子活化分析 之试樣所㈣分散估值可能係低於基於料標稱或目標金 屬載荷量之金屬載荷量的真正分散度。 表1貝料.V a登使用多種鹼之多種鉑鹽來影響沉澱於多 種一氧化秒樓體材料上。藉此種方法可製造良好催化劑。 16 201002419 於少數情況下’由於未顯著緣故,催化劑活性係低於預期 值(例如實例2相對於實例8)。低於預期催化劑活性之可能來 源包括低於沉積沉澱反應期間之期望pH或溫度控制,具有 催化劑還原問題[例如對於協助最佳還原之溫度而言溫度 為過高或過低;或試樣受到例如鹼金屬或含氮(N)、含硫(S) 或含石粦(P)之化合物的污染,其中任一種化合物係作為=化 催化劑之毒劑]。雖言如此,該製法通常可製造具有高金屬. 分散度及良好氫化活性之催化劑。實驗CExF,其中四氯飽 酸鹽係使用氫氧化鈉沉殿,獲得不具有可量測之活性之纪 催化劑。_資觸⑽之分散良好,但於所述條件下 並無氫化活性。催化劑沉澱參數、組成及操作條件中之一 項或多項因素的改變可製造使用Pd作為νιπ族金屬之某 種可量測之氫化程度。
實例46及54及比較例A 重複實例1 ’改變係如下表Ιϊ所示,改變部分包括添加 (J 鍊(Re),典型呈過銖酸(HRe〇4)結合Pt—起添加。於此等實 例中,銖顯然不會沉澱反而係維持於溶液。如此雖然由本 方法可獲得良好催化劑,但於初始沉積沉殿步驟中含括銖 並任何無實際優點,原因在於不會掺混入所得催化劑至任 何顯著程度。 表11所使用之催化劑之檢驗顯然不含銶。如此獲結論為 鍊維持於溶液中。銖存在於溶液中顯然可作為?托缓衝劑, 減低所添加的鹼之功效,如此降低沉殿於載劑上之鉑數量。 表II資料驗s登添加銘及同時添加鍊並無任何優點。但表 17 201002419 II之催化劑確實可滿意地用於氫化。 實例55至實例62 重複實例1但由下表Iu所示改變。改變包括二 一羊矽樓 體之類別、VIII A族金屬用量,本例為鉑用量,及苏 、、乃口 酸 鑭水合物於水作為鑭前驅物,且與Vin A族金 _ ,噶則區物 (CPA)添加之同時含括鈮(Nb)。實例60及實例62顯示鉬之俨 稱百分比,原因在於實例6〇及實例62並無元素分桁。 不 '優點。 表III資料驗證透過沉積_沉澱掺混La4Nb&無住何 比較例B至比較例κ 重複實例1但具有下表IV所示之改變來透過尿素添力 用於鉑沉澱。某些使用尿素製造之材料中,pH之中點接近 中心而非鹼性,故可能出現極少鉑沉澱。此外,當使用極 低尿素濃度時通常獲得不良催化劑。雖然使用尿素作為 鹼,藉沉積沉澱法可製造活性催化劑,但此種辦法比較常 用無機鹼諸如氫氧化銨及氫氧化鈉並無任何優勢。 表IV資料驗證一種情況,pH始於低pH,於尿素分解情 況下當加熱時pH增高,因而將氨均勻釋放入溶液。當尿素 濃度為1M相對於較低值為0·ι μ時,鉑的沉澱顯然為最佳。 陽離子性銘鹽(例如PAN)比較陰離子性前驅物諸如CpA_ 然可更有效促進鉑沉積。比較氫氧化銨,尿素的使用顯然 並不佳’原因在於當使用於室溫與鹼之反應緩慢的鉑錯合 物(例如CPA、PAN及ATP),且需要加熱至升高溫度(例如 6〇°C至90°C)來有效沉澱鉑於二氧化矽基材上時,延遲?反變 化無法增加任何實質效果。 201002419 (令象丨浓) (N Ο (Ν Ο 卜 卜 ο ΟΝ ΟΟ (Ν Ο ο 〇\ σ\ σ< m ο ι 1 Ο m 0 寸 Ο m Ο ΟΟ οό 00 ΟΟ (Ν Ο f" Η 時間 (小時) 寸 寸 寸 寸 寸 寸 寸 寸 寸 寸 y-^ (Ν Ο ιη r-'H (Ν (N ΓΝΐ CN (Ν (Ν CN (Ν 溫度 (°〇 § § g % g S % g g § g 莫耳濃度 (M) in ο ο Ο ID Ο ο ο ο ο ο in ο ο >70 Ο Ο 1—^ d l〇 ο Ο in Ο ο ίο Ο Ο Μ νη4οη Κ Ο X |νη4οη |nh4oh Ινη4οη |νη4οη νη4οη| νη4οη| νη4οη νη4οη Ο κ ο X νη4οη Ο X ζ ΝΗ40Η nh4〇h νη4οη ΝΗ4ΟΗ ΝΗ4ΟΗ νη4οη νη4οη νη4οη 溶液/固體 ο ο Ο Ο ο Ο ο ο ο ο ο ο m ι〇 0 ο Ο Ο ο Ο ο 透過UV 之%氧化 99.0 99.9 99.9 99.9 99.9 1 99.8 99.9 99.9 ι 99.9 99.9 〇< σν 99.4 m σ< ΟΝ 98.7 99.8 On 99.7 m σ< ΟΝ 98.4 98.2 98.7 氧化 活性 0.514 0.522 1 1.070 1.052 0.201 1 0.235 0.570 1 0.303 1 I 0.409 1 1 0.217 1 1 0.338 1 0.269 1 0.272 1 0.280 0.731 0.226 0.274 0.295 0.245 0.225 0.200 0.236 % Disp 〇6 ι—Η οό Ό 58.9 58.9 65.9 56.5 1 52.6 1 t Ον I 622 \ 1 62.2 1 1 55.6 Ό 69.4 1 62.8 in cn 68.7 00 96.0 59.2 56.4 81 0.78 0.78 ΟΝ 'Ο Ο 0.68 Ο ι 1 0.97 Ο ^Η Ο m Ό Ο [0.58 0.50 0.52 0.69 »—H 1 < 0 1—Η ο ψ·1' ^ Ο 0.67 0.93 1 ο 翻鹽 CPA CPA CPA CPA CPA CPA _I 1 CPA CPA 1 CPA CPA 1 CPA CPA CPA CPA CPA CPA ΑΤΡ ΑΤΡ CPA CPA CPA CPA < < < < υ < ω Q < U < < < < < < < < < υ Q %Pt nd"1.0 nd^/l.O (Ν in (Ν ο ο ΟΟ 1 « m 0.92 0.88 Ο 0.82 Ο 0.96 0.78 0.90 0.92 0.94 0.84 0.90 0.94 Ex/CEx ΓΛ 寸 卜 00 Ο Η (Ν 寸 卜 00 〇\ (Ν 19 201002419 (令命M浓)I < hC -t^'^ Oj 0 1 H (N 〇 卜 cK 〇v 寸 0 1 H 〇< Γ ΟΟ CNj 〇 0 ON m o 0 〇 〇 m 〇 oc 00 〇〇 〇6 r 1 (N 0 1 — 寸 寸 寸 寸 寸 寸 寸 寸 寸 寸 1 * (N 〇 r—h CnJ CN ΓΝΪ CN <N (N fN CC): g § § § s g s § S § g 莫耳濃度; — (ML o L〇 o 10 0 l〇 0 0 in 0 〇 0 1—^ 〇 l〇 0 1 1 1" '* 〇 〇 〇 〇 〇 〇 1—H Μ nh4oh| NH40H nh4oh' Inh4oh 1 nh4ohi NH40H NH4OH ,nh4oh NH40H NH4OH nh4〇h NH4OH NH4OH NH40H NH4OH1 NaOH NaOH 1 NH4OH NH4OH NH4OH NH4OH NH4OH 溶液/固體 o 0 0 0 0 0 〇 0 0 〇 〇 0 0 〇 〇 〇 〇 O 透過UV 之%氧化 99.7 99.5 99.5 98.6 97.8 99.8 99.7 1 99.9 99.6 82.2 99.2 99.7 99.7 * * 99.8 〇\ 97.2 99.3 98.8 "Ο * ㈣ 0.281 1 0.408 0.610 0.252 0.273 0.824 0.273 I 0.785 0.559 0.103 0.726 0.699 0.699 0.485 * 0.384 0.662 0.566 0.662 0.226 0.436 * \。& 59.4 ! 41 _2 I 60.9 I 57.9 I 58.5 1 59.9 67.4 62.7 52.9 I 70.0 J 〇〇 50.7 I 50.7 44.8」 59.2 〇 〇 27.0 I 25.0 99.5 57.2 33.3 0-0 o 0.64 〇 0.94 0.63 1 « 0.77 cn 1 0.47 I 0.73 1 卜 卜 s 1 1 0.69 j 0.48 I ί 0.64 1 —1 〇 寸 τ· 1 0.95 0.77 鉑鹽 CPA CPA CPA CPA CPA CPA PAN CPA CPA CPA ATP CPA I CPA CPA CPA ATP ATP ATP ATP CPA CPA CPA Si02 Q ω < U < < < < < < < < < 0Q CQ CQ CQ CQ CQ CQ %Pt cn c^l 1 H % T~ < r·^ 0.93 OO 1丨 0.99 § 2.00 0.58 I *nd/3.5 *nd/2 I *nd/2 i *nd/2 *nd/l *nd/3.5 *nd/3.5 *nd/3.5 *nd/3.5 0.90 1.44 *nd/2 Ex/CEx in <N vo (N 00 ΓΝ 〇v ίΝ ΓΟ CN m to m m 卜 〇〇 r〇 〇s C^) 1 — 5 20 201002419 II嵴 00 in 卜 od 卜 QC 卜 00 〇 〇 o 0 ί'·Η o σ< Sh^ 寸 (N 寸 寸 寸 寸 寸 寸 寸 溫度 ΓΟ § § § 莫耳濃度1 (Μ) in Ο CO a o ϊ—^ 〇 d 0 in 〇 0 0 Μ νη4οη NaOH nh4oh NH4OH NH40H NH4OH NH4OH NH40H NH40H 1 溶液/固體 Ο o Ο 〇 0 〇 〇 0 0 透過UV 之%氧化 99.9 1 0.00 99.7 99.9 99.6 99.9 99.4 99.2 98.8 氧化 活性 1 0.285 Γο.οο 1 0.294 1 0.532 0.662 1 0.405 0.548 Π 0.777 0.712 % 1 Disp <Ν m 44.0 m m * 66.8 59.7 45.7 41.4 81 泛· m On 〇 1 0.82 1 1 < * 0.77 0.69 t '< Ό 1 鉑鹽 _1 1 CPA ATPd CPA 1 CPA CPA CPA CPA CPA CPA Si〇2 α < u < < < < < < 1 %Pt nd*/3.5 *nd/1.0 *nd/3.5 cn (N m oi *nd/1.0 '*nd/1.0 *nd/3.5 *nd/3.5 1 Ex/CEx < $ 〇v (N to m in 21 201002419
III^ m· ο CN ο ο ο r- ON <〇 rn 〇 〇 f 3 寸 寸 寸 寸 寸 寸 寸 (N 溫度 a) § § § 莫耳濃度 (Μ) ίη ο >r~i Ο ο ίη ο in ο ί〇 o 〇 P drops Μ κ ο X ζ νη4οη νη4οη νη4οη nh4oh| NH40H nh4oh NaOH 溶液/固體 ο ο ο ο ο 0 0 透過uv 之%氧化 1 85.7 1 65.7 98.5 1 99.5 99.5 99.7 97.6 93.6 氧化 活性 1 0.060J 0.076 Ι Ι 0.270 1 0.449」 1 0.400 1 I 0.121 0.231 0.174 | % Disp 1 68.4 60.9 70.3 — 63.8 I — 59.6 68.2 45.0 31 ί 0.79 1 0.70 I 0.73 1 I 0.68 I 1—( o 0.52 | 銘鹽」 CPA CPA CPA Ι CPA CPA 1 CPA CPA CPA Si〇2 U CQ < < < < < < %Pt Ο Ι 0.89 ΟΝ Ο (Ν 〇 *nd/1.0 〇 *nd/1.0 Ex/CEx i ΙΤ) 〇〇 ITi § (N 22 201002419 ΛΙ< 寸 od 00 00 \〇 1 *nd 00 〇6 卜 00 OO 時間 (小時) 寸 寸 寸 寸 CN 寸 寸 寸 寸 寸 溫度 (°〇 § g § § 莫耳濃度 (M) Τ-Η 1—^ r-H o ί—Η Ο 1—^ T—H Urea Urea Urea Urea I Urea Urea Urea ι- Urea Urea Urea 溶液/固體 ο ο o o o 〇 o ο ο o 透過UV 之%氧化 99.8 99.84 o o o 90.6 95.6 I 99.9 99.9 99.8 j 氧化 活性 0.435 0.290 0.00 0.00 0.000 [0.225 0.333 0.143 0.356 0.269 % Disp 1 16.3 丨13_2 〇 00 o o 寸· i 1 LJ4_4 Ο ^τ{ 13.4 13.7 1 CO Ads 0.61 _1 Π〇·53] 0.20 0.15 0.00 | 0.46 I 0.52 0.20 0.54 0.55 翻鹽 1 ρανΠ 1 PAN 1 I CPA | | CPA I | ATP ] 1 ATP i 1 ATP] PAN 1 PAN PAN 1 Si〇2 < U < u CQ PQ CQ 0Q PQ 0Q %Pt *nd/3.5/0 卜nd/3.5/0 | *nd/3.5/0 | *nd/3.5/0 I *nd/3.6/0 *nd/3.5/0 1 *nd/3.5/0 *nd/3.5/0 *nd/3.5/0 *nd/3.5/0 Ex/CEx CQ u Q ω O ΗΗ s 2 23 201002419 實例63 -藉初濕含浸技術伴以隨後添加銶組分之製備 將5‘〇克經洗滌且經乾燥之實例1固體置於空皿中。逐 滴η'、加7.5¾升含0.034克HRe〇4溶液,同時使用起手動授動 至均勻濕潤。於完全添加水溶液後持續攪拌2分鐘至4分鐘 5 獲得—抵均質濕潤二氧化矽。 於周圍溫度(標稱25。〇於煙罩中通風乾燥均質濕潤二 氧化矽隔夜,然後於丨10它之設定點溫度於強制通風烤爐乾 燥歷2小時時間而獲得一批已乾燥的已含浸的二氧化石夕。 將2·75克已乾燥且經洗滌的固體轉成如實例1之已還 1〇原且經活化之催化劑,但使用175°C設定點溫度而非 2()()C °還原後’藉中子活化分析測定’固體含有〇 93 wt〇/〇 及〇·48 wt% Re。具有CO吸附率為〇·45 cc/g,相當於41.7% 刀政百分比。提供0.185莫耳芳香環/小時/克催化劑之測量 得之氣化速率。 15實例64至實例74 重複實例63,帶有下表V所示變化。 貫例63至實例74驗證鍊之添加可於製造具有中等活性 催化齊丨之第二含浸步驟進行。Hucul (USP 6,376,622)提示銖 (Re)係作為用於聚合物氫化作用之鉑催化劑之耐去活化組 2〇 刀(舉例)。此等資料顯示pt/Re催化劑之二步驟式製備可提 供尚度鉑分散及合理的催化劑活性,同時結合Re所提供之 耐去活化功能。 24 201002419 表v
Ex % Pt/%Re Si〇2 鉑鹽 CO Ads % Disp 氧化 活性 透過uv 之%氫化 63 0.93/0.48 A CPA 0.45 41.7 0.185 99.9 64 0.87/0.49 C CPA 0.51 50.8 *nd *nd 65 0.91/0.5 D CPA 0.56 53.8 *nd *nd 66 0.95/0.48 E CPA 0.56 51.8 0.201 99.5 67 0.95/0.48 B CPA 0.50 45.8 0.128 99.8 68 1.63/0.97 A CPA 1.00 54.0 0.275 99.8 69 1.48/0.99 C CPA 0.86 50.4 *nd *nd 70 1.36/0.95 D CPA 0.82 52.4 *nd *nd 71 1.35/0.93 E CPA 0.71 46.1 *nd *nd 72 1.40/0.93 B CPA 0.87 54.3 0.174 99.6 73 0.95/0.52 F CPA 0.48 43.7 0.188 99.8 74 2.0/1.0 F CPA 1.00 43.7 0.280 99.9 nd=未測定。 【圖式簡單說明】 (無) 5 【主要元件符號說明】 (無) 25
Claims (1)
- 201002419 七、申請專利範圍: 1. 一種用於透過水性沉積沉澱而製備包含VIH A族金屬及 催化劑撐體之異質氫化催化劑之方法,該方法包含: a.經由從VIII A族金屬前驅物之水性溶液沉澱νπΙ A族金屬前驅物至催化劑撐體上而透過水性沉積沉澱製 備一濕的催化劑撐體,遠濕的催化劑擇體呈有νπΐ A族 金屬前驅物沉積於且分散遍布催化劑撐體表面上; b_將該濕的催化劑撐體轉成乾的催化劑撐體;及 c.將該乾的催化劑撐體置於足夠將該νπι A族金 屬則驅物轉成其金屬悲之條件下接觸還原氣氣續已還 原的VIII A族金屬具有至少為25%之分散百分比,及該 催化劑具有每克催化劑每小時至少為〇1莫耳芳香環之 氫化活性。 2. 如申請專職圍第】項之方法,進一步包含於步驟b之後 而於步驟c_之前之中間循序步驟bl_及b2.,步驟Μ.包含以 对去活化(deactivati〇n-resistant)金屬前驅物水溶液濕潤 已乾燥的催化劑撐體來製造均質已濕潤之催化劑撐體, 及步驟b2.將該均質已濕潤之催化劑撐體轉成已乾燥之 經含浸之催化劑撐體。 3. 如申請專利範圍第1或2項之方法,其中步驟&.係發生於 至少攝氏60度之溫度。 4. 如申請專利範圍第1至3項中任一項之方法,其中該水性 溶液具有於由8至12之範圍之pH。 5. 如申請專利範圍第1至4項中任一項之方法,其中該催化 26 201002419 劑撐體為二氧化矽。 6. 如申請專利範圍第1至5項中任一項之方法,其中該VIII A族金屬為翻及VIII A族金屬前驅物為水溶性銘鹽。 7. 如申請專利範圍第1至6項中任一項之方法,其中該耐去 活化金屬為鍊及該财去活化金屬前驅物為過鍊酸。 8. 如申請專利範圍第1或2項之方法,其中該步驟a.之水性 溶液進一步包含促進劑金屬前驅物。 9_ 一種異質氫化催化劑,該催化劑包含VIII A族金屬及催 化劑撐體,該催化劑具有大於25%之VIII A族金屬分散 百分比,及每克催化劑至少為0.4標準立方厘米一氧化碳 之一氧化碳吸附率。 10. 如申請專利範圍第9項之催化劑,其中以異質氳化催化 劑總重為基準,該催化劑具有不大於5重量百分比之VIII A族金屬含量。 11. 如申請專利範圍第9或10項之催化劑,其中該VIII A族金 屬為在白。 12. 如申請專利範圍第9至11項中任一項之催化劑,進一步 包含選自於由鍊、鉬、鶴、组、銳或其混合物所組成之 組群之耐去活化金屬。 13 ·如申請專利範圍第9至12項中任一項之催化劑,進一步 包含選自於由綱、鋇、紀、鈽、乳及其混合物所組成之 組群之金屬。 27 201002419 四、指定代表圖: (一) 本案指定代表圖為:第( )圖。(無) (二) 本代表圖之元件符號簡單說明: 五、本案若有化學式時,請揭示最能顯示發明特徵的化學式:
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-
2009
- 2009-05-08 CN CN200980128549.6A patent/CN102105219B/zh active Active
- 2009-05-08 KR KR1020107028678A patent/KR20110030472A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2009-05-08 WO PCT/US2009/043304 patent/WO2009142926A2/en active Application Filing
- 2009-05-08 JP JP2011510562A patent/JP2011520608A/ja active Pending
- 2009-05-08 EP EP09751155A patent/EP2293873A2/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2009-05-08 US US12/991,771 patent/US8912115B2/en active Active
- 2009-05-21 TW TW098116885A patent/TW201002419A/zh unknown
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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US8912115B2 (en) | 2014-12-16 |
CN102105219A (zh) | 2011-06-22 |
WO2009142926A2 (en) | 2009-11-26 |
US20110065572A1 (en) | 2011-03-17 |
EP2293873A2 (en) | 2011-03-16 |
KR20110030472A (ko) | 2011-03-23 |
WO2009142926A3 (en) | 2010-01-14 |
JP2011520608A (ja) | 2011-07-21 |
CN102105219B (zh) | 2013-07-31 |
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