TW200418364A - Fence-type method for cultivating graft pear - Google Patents

Abstract

In a fence-type method for cultivating graft pear according to the present invention, a change of the trimming process on the graft pear is used to adjust the shape of a pear tree into a fence type pear tree. So that the grafting operation can be performed at a height near the human chest for the convenience of working by hands. An obstruction-free passage is maintained between two lines of pear tree in order to reduce the difficulty and labor cost associated with the operations, such as grafting, bagging, pesticide spraying, harvesting, trimming, etc.

Description

200418364 丨 V. Description of the invention (1) ~ One ...— One · \ .......__________________—— 1. Technical field to which the invention belongs: The present invention adopts a high-growth pear-type hedgerow-type planting pear. The hedge-style gardening method / is a method of connecting high-height | fence-type, which can maintain related operations at * and adjust pear plants to | to improve its work efficiency. The dullness of the south reaches effective r 2. Prior technology: Taiwan's Gao Jie Pear, also known as Ji Jie Pear, is a pear with flower spikes. During the dormancy period of each winter, = Wen's temperature | Gu (gp Shi Taigu, Bu · MM is connected to the inspector of the Yamanashi 丨 technique Q (Shi Zhanzhi). After grafting, it can be transformed into a high-value temperate pear production model. The following day # 化 ,,, α fruit, so it is a happy horizontal scaffold. It ’s a whole *, the long branch is twice as high = the height of the pear orchard is used to assist the up and down by a special triangular ladder, two: death = :: yes: 目 关 操 y ^ ^, on the horizontal scaffold (Such as the first and second picture), and the wire grid of the scaffold also limits its scope of work, making the work efficiency low, while consuming a lot of manpower, and in the inventor's | research found that causing high labor costs The reason is that most of Taiwan's pear orchards are distributed on hillsides, and more happy horizontal scaffolding is used for pruning. However, due to the inconvenience or lack of pruning of the branches, the branches are cluttered or too low. At the same time, it can be used as Grafted rootstocks are quite divergent and uneven (such as the second (丨 Picture) 'also causes related operations to be very difficult, and it is not possible to set up work channels and use operating machinery to make bagging, grafting, and harvesting operations (see Figures I, III, VIII, and XI). Figure) and the transportation of fertilizers and other operations requires a lot of labor. According to the inventor ’s actual labor analysis of the aforementioned horizontal scaffolding production, the grafting and spraying operations have the highest working hours, requiring 6 1 0 per hectare. Hours, accounting for 24.8% of the total working hours in a year

200418364 丨 V. Description of the invention (2) Class I packaging 3 3 4 hours (1 3 · 5%), bagging 3 2 3 hours Γ | 271 hours (U · 0%), fertilization 16 hours (6 ^ W · 1%), i hour picking (6.3%), pruning pruning i 5 6 hours (6%), fruits and vegetables 1 5 6 | grass 134 hours (5.5%), bud removal 113 hours (4 ^), Tilling and removing | 1 12 hours (4 · 5%), other 96 hours (3.9% / ·), removing plastic bags requires manual labor, and the scaffolding in the park is caused by The foregoing is compassionate to our farmers, and effectively improves their work efficiency. ^ It is carried out from top to bottom, in order to take into account the quantity and energy of its production, to provide better planting for easy management, and at the same time, 3. Inventive content: / It is indeed necessary. The main purpose of the present invention is a high connection method. After the pear seedlings are planted, they are extended upwards for a quarter of a second, and then the main body is bent, and the trunk is bent and twisted in the horizontal direction to grow to a predetermined level. The height is a wall-type hedge-type planting method. The main method is to reduce the loss of the conventional horizontal scaffolding and to adjust the method. It has abandoned the conventional pruning, spraying, bagging, and harvesting of pear trees. Take care of the dangers of the operation and reduce the expenditure of high grafting labor costs. One difficulty 'also saves people, it is to make the pear tree dwarf and dwarf it: = the height of the off-site planter, when the personnel perform various tasks of pear tree care 栌 = the danger of easy manipulation of the stand And inconvenience, greatly enhance marriage Γ :: to make effective ::? For the problems of aging agricultural population and high wages, another object of the present invention is to plant a pear-shaped hedgerow plant in 200418364 丨 V. Description of the invention (3) Method i, because the long branch system is adjusted to the state of the wall and depends on It is located on the fence and is located at the height that is easy to operate with both hands, so it can be used as the location of the anvil and the number of i | is very easy to grasp. Therefore, it can be adjusted by the line spacing, plant spacing, or i | Control the number of rootstocks and adjust the number of grafts depending on the growth of the pear tree to achieve a clear estimation and control of yield, while simultaneously controlling cost and harvesting high-quality I; i fruits. Another object of the present invention is a high-growth pear-row hedge-type planting method, which effectively adjusts the row spacing of pear trees, and the row spacing can provide sufficient space for agricultural work tools and facilitate daily management care and harvesting. Homework

At I, there is no shading between the rows, grass cultivation is feasible, and the soil is effectively conserved.丨 Another object of the present invention is a high-growth pear-growth type planting method. The hedge-growth type planting method can also save the funds required for the orchard to build a garden. There are few erections, and the construction method is also 1. I is simple and convenient. At the same time, the orchard with this hedge cultivation method will make the landscape of the orchard 丨! More concise and beautiful, with the conditions and potential as a leisure orchard! | Demand.丨 4. Implementation: First, please refer to the fourth figure, which is shown by the high-pear single-pruning method.

I arrived at the concept of the hedgerow planting method of the present invention. In actual experiments, after the pear seedlings were planted and germinated in the spring, a single trunk was left to grow vertically upwards as much as possible | And keep it about 100 | cm away from the ground, and at the same time make the curved trunk 1 attach to a flat fence 2 and I complete the positioning, and the trunk 1 continues to grow along the fence 2 in the next year at j | When pruning, keep the side branch or the superficial branch growing upward as the cutting board 3, and grow downward

Page 7 200418364 丨 V. Description of the Invention (4) | The elderly cut off and adjusted it to a wall-like shape, at this time, the rootstock 3 can be used to graft pear spikes in winter. First, please refer to the fifth figure, which is a schematic diagram of the double trunk pruning method of the present invention. After the pear seedlings are planted, the single trunk 1 is prolonged to grow upwards. The next spring, the trunk 1 is laterally bent to a horizontal level. About 100 centimeters above the ground, and in the following spring, stay near the curved branch of the long branch of 10- branches, in the next year! In winter, bend to the other side to complete the double trunk (or double-armed) fence | The main branch of the pear tree, of course, during the pruning operation in the second year, it is still necessary to cut down the grower, and attach it to the fence 2 and adjust it to a wall-like surface. The long branches or side branches growing on the two trunks 1, 10 are

I rootstocks 3 and 30, those who reuse the rootstocks 3 and 30 to graft temperate pear spikes in winter. i 5. Explanation with reference to the legend: I Continue to refer to the sixth to eleventh diagrams, which are the reference diagrams of the pruning to harvesting method of the high-growth pear-row fence type I planting method of the present invention, in which the sixth diagram is the present invention. The reference drawing of the growth of the double trunk trunk pruning, the pear seedlings are bent to the double trunk type on both sides according to the method of the fifth figure | after the planting, and the double trunk is positioned and attached to a | flat horizontal trunk, and The ground is kept about 100 cm, so that it will keep the growing side branches or long branches as an anvil. The downward growing person has been cut off and its I is adjusted to a wall-like shape. At this time, the anvil can be used. During the winter, the pear spike was grafted. Because the trunk is flat and retains the side branches and the! Growing long branches, the distribution of the station branches is also mostly on the axis above the trunk. (Figure 7) In addition, its height is about the front of the human chest, so it can be done in grafting (see figure 8bis). 200418364 ··· —— 4 V. Description of the invention (5) — — ~ — Please refer to Figures 9 to 10 bis for more details-The method of cultivating the planting method and the scaffolding for habitual water use. The first figure and the tenth figure are comparison reference pictures of the horizontal shed. It is necessary to spray from the bottom to the top when you are happy. Therefore, it can be seen that the person is inhaling and spraying the liquid in the spray. It can cause damage to the treasure, b unevenness is easy to be caught by people: picture), when the person under the horizontal scaffold J bag or pick a (such as the fruit at the tenth place), it is easy to cause the neck two, often need to cut his head To get a horse, you need a chair ladder, so it ’s quite not: double: fatigue, sometimes even too, the ninth picture and eleven are low in efficiency. In addition, relative personnel can easily and comprehensively take medicine 2 Mingyuan hedge-type planting party 2 is fully guaranteed. In addition, due to the small number of rows, the work is more efficient and the two's are not only helpful for the health of the fruit tree. Mechanically passed, (such as the tenth bis i 砚 (such as the eleventh figure). Very convenient, but also enhance the beauty of the orchard; the invention In terms of yield, C is not inferior to the customary level: rack pruning :: ^ Horizontal scaffolding pear garden, straight j, in the research of the inventor, ^ ^ 45, 78ΗΘ ^ ^ Π! Γ 5 ^. A 6-year-old plant in the Pear Orchard (Table 1), with a total length of about 10 meters and a distance of about 120 meters, and a branch of 1-2 branches / Λ branch-type pruning of Hengshan pear, more than 90 double masters available for grafting The main branch of Shizhan '^ is about 9 meters in length. It is calculated that in the case of 2 meters ^^ > One Shizhan branch pear flower ears are born every 10 cm (as shown in Table 2).' The mother hectare can be grafted 5 10,000 200418364 丨 V. Description of the invention (6) If the land use rate is 90% and the fruit setting rate is 80%, 1 kg of fruit is harvested for each rootstock. The output of Shigao Liyuan I was 33 metric tons and 36 metric tons, respectively. It shows that Gaojie Liyuan's pruning i-branches are not inferior to the conventional horizontal scaffolding pruning, such as reducing its line spacing | Ruler, it is even better.

200418364 Brief description of the diagram The first picture is a schematic diagram of the growth and branch distribution of a pear tree with a horizontal scaffold. The second picture is a bird's eye view of the distribution of the rootstock of a pear tree using a horizontal scaffolding | I The third picture is a reference drawing of the operation of a pear tree using a horizontal scaffold. The fourth figure is a schematic diagram of the single-pruning method of the mining fence of the present invention (in the example of this figure, the outline of the mining fence is shown). The fifth figure is a schematic diagram of the double-trunk pruning method of the mining margin of the present invention (the contour of the margin mining is shown in the illustration). The sixth figure is a growth reference drawing of the double-trunk pruning of the mining fence according to the present invention and the bending of the trunk attached to the fence according to i I.丨 Figure 7 is a bird's-eye view of the distribution of the anvil branches of the double-trunk-type pruning of the picking fence of the present invention. i (refer to the legend): 丨 The eighth picture is the reference picture of the grafting operation of the conventional horizontal scaffolding pear tree. i Figure 8bis is a reference drawing of the grafting operation of the hedge-type pear tree of the present invention. i The ninth one is a reference picture of the spraying of a conventional horizontal scaffolding pear tree.

I The ninth bis is a reference drawing of the spraying method of the hedge-type pear tree of the present invention. j | The eleventh picture is a reference drawing of the harvesting of a conventional horizontal scaffolding pear tree.丨 The tenth picture is a reference drawing of the harvesting pear tree of the present invention.

Figure 11 is the reference view of the landscape of the hedge-type pear orchard of the present invention.丨

Table 1_The stock-shoot quantity of horizontal trellis top-grafting pear orchard. (The land utility rate = 100%) ) Horizontal scaffolding height per pear plant (8 mx 8m) Average number of cut branches per hectare (kg) 23.3 ± 1.5 3 3,640 ± 234 Average number of cut root branches (shoot) 293.0 ± 19.3 3 45,781 ± 3,015 Average cut length of rootstock (cm) 96.6 ± 33.6 200418364 Table 2. Number of stock-shoots of vertical trellis top-grafting pear orchard with different row and shoot-stock spacing. Rootstock per hectare (land use rate 100%) Stone spacing (cm) 1.6 Row spacing (meters) 2 2.5 10 62,000 50,000 40,000 20 31,000 25,000 20,000 30 18,600 15,000 12,000

Claims (1)

200418364 VI. Application scope of patents; 1. A high-growth pear-row hedge-type planting method, which is mainly after the pear seedlings are planted, so that a single trunk grows upwards, and when it grows to a predetermined height, the trunk is laterally oriented Bend to a level approximately equal to the ground and maintain a predetermined height, i: | Seasonally, the curved trunk is attached to a horizontal fence to complete positioning, and the trunk continues to grow along the fence and is adjusted to be similar A wall type, which retains the side branches or long branches growing autonomously as rootstocks, and uses the rootstocks as grafters of pear blossom spikes. 2. The high-growth pear-row hedge-type planting method described in item 1 of the scope of the patent application, wherein the trunk is grown to a predetermined height, and the trunk is laterally bent to a rough level with the ground and the positioning is completed to continue growing, Keep a branch of the long branch near the bend, make the long branch grow to a predetermined height, bend it to the other side and position it to continue to grow and adjust to a wall-like shape, so that the long branch And the trunk is composed of the main branch of the bifurcated pear tree, and the side branch or the long branch that keeps its upward growth is kept as the rootstock, and the pear flower is grafted on the rootstock.丨 3. The high-growth pear-row hedge-type planting method described in item 1 of the scope of the patent application, wherein the planting of the pear seedlings maintains a certain plant spacing and line spacing between the pear seedlings, and I and the line spacing are available for personnel or The work machine carries the operator. Page 12