SU698523A3 - Многослойное стекло - Google Patents
Многослойное стеклоInfo
- Publication number
- SU698523A3 SU698523A3 SU772499304A SU2499304A SU698523A3 SU 698523 A3 SU698523 A3 SU 698523A3 SU 772499304 A SU772499304 A SU 772499304A SU 2499304 A SU2499304 A SU 2499304A SU 698523 A3 SU698523 A3 SU 698523A3
- Authority
- SU
- USSR - Soviet Union
- Prior art keywords
- layer
- glass
- polyurethane
- plastic
- layers
- Prior art date
Links
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- B32B27/40—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising polyurethanes
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
- B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
- B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
- B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
- B32B17/10009—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the number, the constitution or treatment of glass sheets
- B32B17/10018—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the number, the constitution or treatment of glass sheets comprising only one glass sheet
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- B32B17/10064—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the number, the constitution or treatment of glass sheets comprising at least two glass sheets, only one of which being an outer layer
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- B32B17/10082—Properties of the bulk of a glass sheet
- B32B17/10091—Properties of the bulk of a glass sheet thermally hardened
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- B32B17/1077—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the resin layer, i.e. interlayer containing polyurethane
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- B32B7/04—Interconnection of layers
- B32B7/12—Interconnection of layers using interposed adhesives or interposed materials with bonding properties
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- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
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Description
Изобретение относитс к м1Ю1ослойиьии стеклам , в частности к многослойному стеклу, содержааему по крайней мере одно силг.катиос или пластмассовое стекло, н нокрытие на основе полиуретана.
Известно многослойное стекло, содержащее по крайней мере одно силикатное или пластмассовое стекло и нанесенное на сгскло покры-1-;е из слабо сшитого полиуретана 1.
Кроме того, известно многослойное стекло, содержащее но крайней мере одно силикатное или пластмассовое стекло и нанесенное на стекло покрытие, содержащее трехмерно снштьи полиуретан 2.
Известные пластмассовые нокрыти 1а ос т. на стек шгый слой известными способами, например , с применепием тепла п давлени .
Известные мпогослой 1ые стекла имеют тот недостаток, что 1шастмассовое покрытие не может компенсировать незначительные неровпо. па поверхности стекл нного сло и заключить пылевые частички, в результате чего адтгезиоипа прочность между стекл нным споем и пласмассовым покрыт11емне вл етс нолностыо
у до ВЛ с П о р 1VT с л ЬН о и.
Цсл1)Ю изобретени вл етс повышение адгезионной прочности мс;киу стекл нным слоем и пластмассовым покрытисм.
Эта цель достигаетс том, что покрытие выполнено ич двух слоси, химически св занных между coiioii на граниде раз.дела, ириче.м слой, );ый со ciCiOio.M, выпо.знен из линейного нолнурегана.
,Ц;1 получс-ш ipcxN;cpHO сшитого полиуреTaiiH примс.итют следук-лщи компоненты в качестве реагентов;
А. двуфункдиог альные изодианаты, например ,6-гександми-к)цнанат, 2. 2, 4- и 2, 4, 4-тримстил- .6-1;:кс;г П 1поциа1 ат, 1, (изоШ анатпметил ), г5((с{4-изощгнато1 иклогекс1 .л)метан, бг/с(3-мет11.п-4-изоциаиатоциклоrcKCHJii-метан , 2. 2-{7;,с-(4-(по11.ианатодик-логексил )-iipoiiaii и З-изонианагомСгил-З, 5, 5-1римептциклогексилиуоцианаг или трех- ил) многофункциональные биуреты. изопианураты или их .гредполимеры. 369 Б. многофункциональные, неразветвленные или разветвленные простые полиэфирполиолы или сложные нолиэфирполиолы, которые получают реакцией многоатомных спиртов, например 1, 2, 3-пропантриола, 2, 2-бис-(оксиметил) - 1-пропанола, 2, 2бис- (оксиметил) - Ьбутаиола, 1, 2, 4-бутантриола, 1, 2, 6-гексантриола, 2, 2- (бмс)-оксиметил)-1,3-пропандиола, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, б-гексангексола, с алифатическими дикарбоновыми кислотами, например малоновой, нтарной , гпутаровой, адипиновой, пробковой и Ьебационовой кислотами, или с простыми циклическими эфирами, например окисью этилена, окисью 1, 2-пропилена и тетрагидрофураном, причем молекул рный вес разветвленных .полио лов составл ет примерно 250-4000, предпочтительно 450-2000. Дл получени линейного полиуретана примен ют диизонианаты, простые эфиры, диолы и дикарбоновые кислоты, представленные ниже. Диизоцианаты: 1,6-гексадиизоцианат, 5«с-{4-изоцианатоцикло гексил)-метан, бис- (З-метил-4-изоцианатоциклогексил )-метан, 2,2-бис- (4-изоциана.тоциклогексил -пропан, 3-изоцианатометил-3,5,5-триметштциклогексилизоцианат , 2,2,4- и 2,4,4-триметил-1,6-гександиизоцианат , 1,3-бис- (изоцианатометил) -бензол или их предполимеры. Целесообразно прим н ть по крайней мере два различных в основной углеродной цепи разветвленных алкилом и/или, циклоалифатических и/или разветвле1-шых алкилом циклоалифатических диизодианата. Простые эфиры: окись этилена, окись 1,2-про пилена, тетрагидрофуран, Диолы; этандиол-1,2, .пропандиол-1,2, пропандиол-1 ,3, бутандиол-1,2, бутандиол-1,3, бутавдиол-1 ,4, 2,2-димети;шропандиол-1,3, гександиол-1 ,6, 2-метилпентандиол-2,4, 3-метилпентандиол .-2,4, 2-зтилгександиол-J.3, 2,2,4-триметилпентандиол-1 ,3,диэтиленгликаль, триэтиленгликоль, по лиэтиленгликоли, дипропиленгликоль, трипропиленгликоль , полипропиленгликоли, 2,2-бис- (4 оксициклогексил )-пропан- гидрированный бисфенол А..S Дл получени сложного сополиэфира целесо образно примен ть по крайней мере два разлт ных, по крайней мере частично разветвле - ных алкилом в основной углеродной цепи и/или ци лоалифатических диолов. Дикарбоновые кислоты: малонова , нтарна глутарова , адипинова , пробкова и себащшова кислоты. Дл получени линейного полиуретана можно также примен ть один или несколько лакто нов. Слой трехмерно сшитого полиуретана имеет толщину 0,2-0,8 мм, предпочтительно 0.40 ,6 мм, а слой линейного полиуретана имеет толщину 0,01-о,8.мм, предпочтительно 0,020 ,6 мм. На фиг. представлено многослойное стекло , содержащее один стекл нный слой (силикатное или пластмассовое стекло, причем в качестве пластмассы можно использовать, например, поликарбонаты, сложные полиэфиры, полиакрилаты , полиамиды, сложные эфиры целлюлозы и полимеры винилхлорида, на который нанесено предлагаемое пластмассовое покрытие; на фиг. 2 - многослойное стекло, содержащее два стекл нных сло и расположенный между стекл нными сло ми пластмассовый слой, например , из поливинилбутирал , причем один из стекл нных слоев также снабжен предлагаемым пластмассовым покрытием. Изображенное на ф1гг. 1 многослойное стекло состоит из силикатного или пластмассового сло 1 и св занной с ним двухслойной пластмассовой пленки 2, состо щей, из слоев 2а и 2в. Слой 2а имеет толщину, равную, например, 0,05 .мм и состоит из линейно соединенного полиуретана. При применении тепла и давлени он прочно св зываетс с поверхностью стекл нного сло 1. Слой 2в Ьостоит из трехмерно сшитого полиуретана, который имеет болЬщую способность к эластичной деформации, но не может пластично деформироватьс . Этими свойствами обусловлен так называемый зффект компенсации , т. е. трехмерно сшитый полиуретан может сам устран ть впадины или царапины на поверхности. Стекл нный слой 1 может быть предварительно нат нут термическим или химическим путем. Пластмассова пленка 2 предотвращает контакт с кромками излома в случае разлома стекл нного сло 1. Если многослойное стекло должно иметь повышенное абсорбирующее энергию действие, то слой 2а можно выполн ть потолще. Если слой 2а имеет толщину примерно 0,5 мм, то многослойное стекло будет иметь такую способность к абсорбции энергии, которую можно сравнивать с обычным оезосколочным многослойным стеклом , при котором абсорбци энергии достигаетс за счет применени промежуточной пленки из полив шилбутирал . В частности при выполнении сло 2а из нижеописанного линейно соединенного полиуретана слой 2а обладает механическими свойствами, которые в отношении удлинени и напр жени при разрыве даже немного лучше, чем соответствующие свойства поливю1клбутирал . При этом эти механические с.вой(;тва можнор регулировать в некоторых пределах за счет термообработки. Обычна термообработка , котора проводитс при нанесении пленки 2 на стекл нньш слой 1, т. е. нагрев примерно при 120° С в течение примерно 60 .мин, приводит к достижению таких мехамических показателей, свойственных поливинилбутиралю . На фиг. 2 представлено безосколочное стекло , при котором пленка 2 расположена на поверхности обычного многослойного стелка, которое состоит из двух силикатных слоев 3 и 5, св занных между собой промежуточным слоем 4, например из поливинилбутирал . Пленка 2 также состоит из двух слоев 2а и 2в, которые выполнены аналогично описанному выше. В этом случае слой 2а не должен выполн ть функ цию абсорбера энергии. Он в основном выполн ет функцию соединительного сло , между сло ем 2а и стекл нным слоем 5. Функци абсорбции знергии в основном выполн ет промежуточ ный слой 4, выполненный, например, из поливинилбутирал . Целесообразно наносить пленку 2 на поверхность стекл нного сло 5 в рамках операции по св зыванию стекл нных слоев 3, 5 при ломощи промежуточного сло 4, Но плен ку 2 можно и разделыгай операцией наносить на поверхность стекл нного сло 5. Состо щую из двух слоев пленку 2 можно изготовл ть различными способами. Один способ заключаетс в том, что пластмассу дл обо их слоев 2а и 2в раздельно гранулируют, подают в два расположешых друг за другом целевых экструдера и вместе экструдируют. Но также возможто изготовл ть один из обо их слоев 2а или 2в путем экструзии и на изготовл емую пленку наливать предназначенные дл выполнени другого сло компоненты, растворенные в подход щем растворителе, с последующей сушкой. Кроме того, также возможно приготовл ть растворы предназначенных дл выполнени обо их слоев компонентов и последовательно наливать эти растворы на подход щую подложку. Наливать можно также смолы, которые не содержат растворителей. Целесообразно использовать следующий способ дл изготовлени пленки 2. . Компоненты дл выполнени трехмерно сши того полиуретана в втое гомогенно смешанной смолы наливают на подложку, на которую предварительно нанос т подход и(ую смазку. Цосле окончани реакции полимеризации, которую можно ускорить за счет применени тепла , наливают раствор второго линейно соеди- ненного полнуретанового сло . Пример I. Приготовление исходной смеси дл получени трехмерно сщитого полиуретанового сло . . 1000 г получешгаго конденсавдей окиси 1,2-пропилена с 2,2-быс-(оксиметил)-1-бутаиолом простого полиэфира с мол. весом примерно 450 и содержанием свободных гидроксильных груш 10,5-12%, 23 г 2,6-ди- ре -бутил-4-метилфено36 ла, 0,5 г дилаурат дибутилолова и 1000 г биурета 1,6-гександи11зоцианата, содержащего 21- 22% свободных изоцианатных групп, гомогенно смешивают в вакууме путем удалени газа. При этом работают так, что воздушные пузырьки не образуютс . ) Приготовление исхощюй смеси дл получени линейно соединенного полиуретанового сло . 980 г простого линейного полиэфира на основе 1,2-пропавдиола и окиси 1,2-пропилена, имеющего средний молекул рный вес примерно 2000 и содержащего 1,,8% свободных гидроксильных групп, 4 г 2,6-дй-фег-бутил-4- метилфенопа, 0,1 г дилаурата щ утилолова и 110 г 3-изоцианатометил-3,5,5-триметита1клогексилизоцианата , содержащего примерно 37,5% свободных изоцианатных групп, гомогенно смешивают в вакууме путем удалени газа. При этом работают так, гго воздуишые пузырьки образуютс , Пример 2. Трехмерно сшщый полиуретановый слой приготовл ют аналогитю примеру 1. Приготовле}ше исходной смеси дл получени линейно соединенного полиуретанового сло . 1000 г сложного линейного полиэфира из 100 ч. адипиновой кислоты и 56 ч. гександиола-1 ,6, 30 ч. 2,2-диметилпропандиопа-1,3. и 7 ч. 11ропанднола-1,2, который имеет мол. ве 1850 и содержит 1,8-1,9% свободных гидроксильных групп, 4 г 2,б-ди-грег-бутил-4-метилфенола, 0,1 г дилаурата дибутилолова и 128 г бис-(4-изоцианатоциклогексил ) -метана, содержащего примерно 31,5% свободных изоцианатнь1Х групп, подают в реакционный сосуд и подвергают полиирисоединеншо при нагреван1Ш. Расплав охлаждают, гранулируют и раствор ют в таком количестве димет-илформамвда, которое обеспечивает получение 10%-ного раствора . Пример 3. Трехмерно сшитый полиуретановый слой приготовл ют аиалопмио. примеру 1. Приготовление исходной смеси дл получени лш1ейно соед11не1(ного полиуретанового сло . В реактор из нержавеющей стали подают, вес.ч.: адшппювую кислоту 145; себашшовую кислоту 50; капролактон 145; иеолентилгликоль 120; бугандно -1,180; ксилол 25и дилаурат дибутилолова 0,25, полученную смесь подвергают азеотропной этерификащш при 180С в атмосфере азота. После отщеплен ш лримерио 22,5 вес.ч. реакционной воды добавл ют, вес.ч.: бутандиол-1,418 и затем ксилол 400. После сш{жени темпе- у ратурь до 80° С щ5и интенсивном перемещиваHiffl последовательно добавл ют, вес.ч.: бис-(4
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DE2629779A DE2629779C3 (de) | 1976-07-02 | 1976-07-02 | Verfahren zur Herstellung einer zweischichtigen Folie mit Selbstheileigenschaften unter Verwendung von Polyurethanen als Splitterschutzschicht eines Sicherheitsglases |
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-
1976
- 1976-07-02 DE DE2629779A patent/DE2629779C3/de not_active Expired
-
1977
- 1977-06-28 ZA ZA00773881A patent/ZA773881B/xx unknown
- 1977-06-29 IT IT25189/77A patent/IT1076699B/it active
- 1977-06-29 SU SU772499304A patent/SU698523A3/ru active
- 1977-06-29 YU YU1608/77A patent/YU40167B/xx unknown
- 1977-06-30 CS CS774355A patent/CS219328B2/cs unknown
- 1977-06-30 CS CS774355A patent/CS219327B2/cs unknown
- 1977-06-30 CA CA281,812A patent/CA1123991A/en not_active Expired
- 1977-06-30 FI FI772047A patent/FI65941C/fi not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1977-06-30 GR GR53841A patent/GR61633B/el unknown
- 1977-06-30 AR AR268279A patent/AR217077A1/es active
- 1977-06-30 IL IL52430A patent/IL52430A0/xx not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1977-07-01 SE SE7707676A patent/SE433925B/xx not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1977-07-01 AT AT0470777A patent/AT376646B/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1977-07-01 CH CH815077A patent/CH625745A5/fr not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1977-07-01 ES ES460343A patent/ES460343A1/es not_active Expired
- 1977-07-01 NL NLAANVRAGE7707309,A patent/NL190058C/xx not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1977-07-01 BR BR7704343A patent/BR7704343A/pt unknown
- 1977-07-01 MX MX169697A patent/MX144617A/es unknown
- 1977-07-01 PT PT66754A patent/PT66754B/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1977-07-01 BE BE179025A patent/BE856398A/xx not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1977-07-01 AU AU26676/77A patent/AU511860B2/en not_active Expired
- 1977-07-01 GB GB27638/77A patent/GB1576394A/en not_active Expired
- 1977-07-01 IE IE1375/77A patent/IE45238B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1977-07-01 FR FR7720414A patent/FR2398606A1/fr active Granted
- 1977-07-01 NO NO772342A patent/NO146464C/no unknown
- 1977-07-01 DK DK296277A patent/DK152345C/da not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1977-07-01 HU HU76SA3042A patent/HU178339B/hu not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1977-07-01 DD DD7700199839A patent/DD130730A5/xx unknown
- 1977-07-01 LU LU77675A patent/LU77675A1/xx unknown
- 1977-07-02 PL PL1977199323A patent/PL110404B1/pl unknown
- 1977-07-02 PL PL1977214172A patent/PL116534B1/pl unknown
- 1977-07-02 JP JP7850677A patent/JPS5327671A/ja active Granted
-
1978
- 1978-07-18 NO NO782483A patent/NO147645C/no unknown
- 1978-07-18 NO NO782482A patent/NO146982C/no unknown
-
1982
- 1982-08-25 SE SE8204862A patent/SE452968B/sv not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1982-08-25 SE SE8204863A patent/SE450896B/sv not_active IP Right Cessation
-
1984
- 1984-10-09 US US06/659,025 patent/US4643944A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1988
- 1988-05-04 US US07/191,785 patent/US4925734A/en not_active Ceased
-
1990
- 1990-02-09 US US07/477,729 patent/US5565271A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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