RU2524538C2 - Method of production of green hydroponic fodder - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to agriculture, namely to production of green fodder used to feed farm livestock and poultry. The method of production of green hydroponic fodder comprises soaking the seeds in the catholyte of electroactivated water, germination and forcing of seedlings. The wheat seeds are used as the initial seeds. The catholyte is used as electroactivated solution of 4-6 g/l ammonium sulphate with the installation of STEL type with pH 9-10, the redox potential of -800 -900 mV, with a specific amount of electricity consumption of 0.062-0.070 A·h per 1 litre of catholyte and anolyte with soaking for 3-5 hours with the total duration of germination of 10 days: the first 2 days without light, the next 8 days - with light.

EFFECT: method enables to simplify the technology and to improve the quality of the resulting fodder.

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Description

The invention relates to agriculture, specifically to the production of green feed used for feeding farm animals and poultry.

A known method of production of green food, including soaking seeds, germination and subsequent distillation of seedlings [1]. Soaking seeds is carried out for one day, after which they are spread on a flat surface, or on the basis of (for example, straw). Watering and irradiation of plants produced in a given mode. Sprouts are used for feeding farm animals and poultry [2, 3]. However, this method is not effective enough due to poor performance.

A method is described for growing green hydroponic feed in a facility equipped with trays with grain, a system for moistening grain, maintaining a temperature in the range of 16-28 ° C and lighting with fluorescent lamps with maxima in the emission spectrum of 611 and 425-450 nm [4]. The absence of a nutrient medium in the humidification system does not allow for the optimal biological value of the final product.

A known method of processing grain into feed, including moistening the grain, processing with a urea solution at 18-20 ° C for 3-5 days, followed by drying at a temperature of 45-50 ° C and 80-90 ° C for 50-80 min [5 ].

The disadvantage of this method: feeding a grain treated with a urea solution to a bird can lead to toxicosis.

A known method of growing green hydroponic feed, including support for plants, light, temperature and humidity conditions, in which irrigation is carried out with a humic solution in a concentration of 0.1-0.5 mg / l every 3-4 hours for 7-9 days [ 6]. Wheat grain was first laid out in laboratory sieves, washed in running water, treated with a 0.005% solution of potassium permanganate for 15-24 minutes, soaked for 14 hours in tap water, placing the sieves in trays. The sticking grain was placed under lamps of red light (611 nm) and blue light (450 nm) in a ratio of 87.2 and 12.8% (LF-40-3 lamps) or 75 and 25% (L-2 lamps). Grain germination period is 8 days at an exposure of 8 hours at a temperature of 18-22 ° C, humidity - 65-75%. Humic solution irrigation contributed to more intensive plant growth. The length of the seedlings was higher by 3.13-8.39% compared with plants irrigated with water. The dry matter content in plants was greater than in the control by 3.05-10.83%, the content of vitamin E increased by 7.72-39.74%, but the content of important components was not indicated, including protein, fat [6].

The closest analogue prototype to the claimed one is a method of growing green hydroponic feed, including pre-soaking the seed with electroactivated water - catholyte with a pH of 8-10 in a discharged medium at a pressure of 650-680 mm Hg for 5–9 min with stirring in a drum with a rotation frequency of 10 rpm [7].

The barley seeds of Donetsk 8 variety (in the experimental version) were soaked in catholyte with a pH of 8-10 and a redox potential (OBP) of 500-800 mV and in ordinary water (control). Germinated for 7 days with moisture seeds.

The following results were obtained (Table 1).

Table 1 the control experience Germination,% (7th day) 94 96

The length of seedlings and roots in the experimental version is greater than in the control by 8.0-14.3%, germination - by 2% (abs.).

The mass of seeds during soaking in catholyte after daily exposure due to the permeability of the seed cover increased by 64.4%, in combination with vacuum treatment - by 96.9%. Other data on the quality of seedlings is not given.

The disadvantages of the method: the relative complexity of the technology due to the use of vacuum and a drum for mixing, low efficiency, limited types of raw materials and quality indicators of seedlings - green hydroponic feed, the absence of electroactivation parameters (except for the installation instructions - "Espero-1").

The technical result is a simplification of the technology, improving the quality of seedlings, using the installation of an electroactivator with process parameters.

This is achieved by the fact that wheat seeds were used as the initial raw material, a STEL type plant (for example, STEL UN-120-01) with parameters: current strength 2.2-2.3 A, voltage 44-45 V, was used as equipment; catholyte flow rate 17-120 l / h, anolyte - 15-17 l / h. The installation included at least one vertical type FEM-3 electroactivator module with a titanium cathode, anode - titanium with an oxide-titanium and oxide-ruthenium coating - ORTA, ceramic diaphragm. The specific consumption of electricity was 0.062-0.070 ampere-hours per 1 liter of catholyte and anolyte. To soak the seeds in the experimental version, a catholyte of a solution of ammonium sulfate with a concentration of 4-6 g / l was used with indicators: pH 9-10, ORP - 800-900 mV (CSE) (water was used in control). The duration of soaking in catholyte is 3-5 hours, the duration of germination is the first 2 days without lighting, the remaining 8 days are natural daylight + fluorescent lamps (exposure time is 9-10 hours).

After germination, the seedlings (green hydroponic food) were cut, height and weight were measured, quality indicators (moisture content, crude protein, crude fat, crude fiber, crude ash, phosphorus, calcium, etc.) were determined.

The use of wheat seeds is justified by the fact that wheat is grown in larger volumes compared to other cereals. Regarding the mechanism of action, in accordance with the available data, we believe that the catholyte of aqueous solutions affects the permeability of the membranes of seed cells, including by loosening their shell. In the seedlings, under the action of catholyte, enzyme systems are activated, grain properties change - starch is hydrolyzed to dextrins and maltose. Fats - to glycerin and fatty acids. The content of vitamins, free sugars, amino acids, etc. is increasing.

Germination of seeds was carried out in accordance with the requirements of GOST 12038-84, including the first seeds were sown in the wet state in Petri dishes, and then on filter paper. It is also possible to carry out germination in trays and baking sheets. It is important to ensure that moistening of seedlings and seeds is carried out in a timely manner.

Example.

At the STEL 10N-120-01 installation, the electroactivation of a solution of ammonium sulfate was carried out at a concentration of 5 g / l at a current strength of 2.2-2.3 A, voltage of 44 V with a catholyte duct of 18 l / h, anolyte of 16.4 l / h to obtain catholyte with a pH of 9.26, ORP (relative to a silver chloride reference electrode) - 847 mV and anolyte with a pH of 2.10, ORP +240 mV (stock solution pH 5.52, ORP +217 mV), specific consumption of electricity - 0.065 A · h per 1 liter of catholyte and anolyte. In the tank, a weighed portion of wheat seeds was soaked for 4 hours at room temperature. Wheat seeds corresponded in quality to sowing standards (for example, GOST R52554). Then, the estimated number of seeds (11 g weighed in the experimental and control version) was transferred to Petri dishes with moistening (the first 2 days without lighting, then 8 days with natural light and fluorescent lamps (LB-40) with an exposure of 10 hours per day ) Periodically moistened seedlings and seeds. After 7 days, germination was determined, after 10 days, the seedlings were cut, the height and weight of the seedlings and their quality were determined (Tables 2, 3). Germination in the experimental version was 97%, in the control - 94%.

table 2 The indicators of seedlings Options weight g length mm mass gain increase in length control 12.81 165 - - experienced 25.91 205 2.3 times 24.2% rel.

Water absorption 110 g per 100 g of seeds.

Table 3 The quality of seedlings (natural humidity 60%) Option Content% Carotene, mg / kg crude protein crude fat raw fiber crude ash calcium phosphorus experienced 7.72 1,08 3.36 1.93 0.1 0.4 fifty

In seedlings, compared to seeds, 1.5 times more vitamin E was found, 2 times more vitamin C, 2 times more vitamin B group, 1.5 times more vitamins.

Changing the parameters of the conditions of germination can lead to a decrease in the efficiency of the method.

In the proposed method, in particular, the length of the seedlings is greater than in the control (24.2% versus 14.3% in the prototype), the seedling quality indicators are given.

Thus, the proposed method allows to simplify the technology, improve the quality of feed with fixed parameters of electroactivation and the quality of electroactivated and initial solution, the quality of seedlings.

Information sources

1. Bazarov E.I., Shirokov Yu.A. Agro-energy. - M .: Agropromizdat, 1987.

2. Recommendations for the production of green feed by hydroponic method. - M.: Ministry of Agriculture of the USSR, Kolos, 1964, - 16 p.

3. Mysik A.T. et al. Increased reproductive function in breeding boars when they feed hydroponic food // Zootechny. - 2012.-№2. - S.30-32.

4. RU 2098940, 1995, A01G 9/24.

5. RU 2097985, 1996, A23K 1/22.

6. RU 2189834, 2000, A01G 31/00.

7. RU Application No. 2009129274 of July 29, 2009, publ. 02/10/2011, А01С 1/00.

8. Osadchenko I.M., Gorlov I.F. Technology for the production of electroactivated water, aqueous solutions and their application in the agricultural sector: Monograph. - Volgograd: Volgograd Scientific Publishing House, 2010, - 92 p.

Claims (1)

A method of producing green hydroponic feed, including soaking seeds in a catholyte of electroactivated water, germinating and distilling seedlings, characterized in that wheat seeds are used as initial seeds, an electroactivated solution of 4-6 g / l ammonium sulfate is used as catholyte from a STEL plant with pH 9-10, with a redox potential of -800 - -900 mV, with a specific consumption of electricity of 0.062-0.070 Ah per 1 liter of catholyte and anolyte, with soaking for 3-5 hours with a total duration of growing 10 days: the first 2 days without lighting, the next 8 days - when lighting.