RU2616414C1 - Production method for biologically active protein fodder additive - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: food industry.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to agriculture, in particular, to fodder production. Production method for a biologivally active protein fodder additive involves washing of chickpea beans by tap water for 4-8 minutes. Then the washed beans are soaked with anolyte with pH 3.0-11.2 and oxidation-reduction potential 310-1100 mV, concentration of oxygen 7.2-16.0 mg/L and of chlorine 0.003-0.007 mg/L during 3.0-4.5 hours at the ratio of beans to anolyte being 1:2. Afterwards anolyte is removed and the beans are washed by tap water again for 3-8 minutes. Seed germination and sprouting take place in thin layer without growing medium by the method of air spraying with periodic turning, the total duration of germinaton accounts for 7-9 days at natural ambient light.

EFFECT: method implementation allows for the acceleration of seed germination process and for the production of biologically active protein fodder for livestock and poultry with recommended biochemical and microbiological quality factors along with low finance and labour inputs.

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Description

The invention relates to agriculture, namely to the manufacture of protein biologically active feed additives for feeding farm animals and birds.

A known method of producing a feed vitamin supplement, characterized by grinding the feedstock, adding water, heat treating the obtained substrate, fermenting growing yeast under conditions of aeration on a nutrient medium, followed by isolation of the target product, obtain a suspension with a solids concentration of at least 6% and for more than 24 hours from the time of preparation canned hypochlorite in the form of 5% aqueous solutions in a dosage of 0.005-0.01% to the volume of suspension (active chlorine) (US Pat. RU No. 2290831).

The disadvantage of the method of obtaining feed vitamin supplements is significant energy consumption, an additional intake is the cultivation of yeast cultures, as well as the use of preservative agents, which, in turn, can have an adverse effect on the body of farm animals.

There is also known a method of growing green hydroponic feed (US Pat. RU No. 2429592), including pre-soaking the seed with activated water with a pH of 8-10, obtained by electrolysis, in a rarefied medium at a pressure of 650-680 mm Hg with simultaneous stirring for 5-9 minutes with a drum speed of 10 rpm

The disadvantage of this method is the use for soaking seed of a vacuum medium created by a special device.

Known methods do not allow to obtain high-quality protein biologically active feed additive in a short time without additional labor and loss of quality of raw materials.

The closest prototype analogue to the claimed one is a known method of producing hydroponic green food, which involves soaking seeds in a catholyte of electroactivated water, obtained by electroactivation of a 4-6% solution of ammonium sulfate with a pH of 9-10, redox potential (-800) - (- 900) mV, with a specific consumption of electricity of 0.062-0.070 A / h per 1 liter of catholyte and anolyte, with soaking for 3-5 hours with a total germination time of 10 days: the first 2 days without lighting, the next 8 days under lighting And the distillation of seedlings (Pat RU №2524538 -. Prototype).

The disadvantage of this method is the significant complexity of the process of germination of grain and its complication due to the use of two phases of germination - without light and in its presence, as well as the formation of ammonia on the cathode during electrolysis, which can have an adverse effect on the body of farm animals and birds. This method does not allow to reduce the duration of germination without loss of quality of green feed.

The technical result is to increase the energy of germination of chickpea grain, increase the yield of biomass and plant productivity (feed) by ensuring the protection of plants from diseases and accelerate the technological process of germination of protein biologically active feed additives.

The technical result is achieved by the fact that in the method of manufacturing a protein biologically active feed additive, including soaking grain in electroactivated water, germinating and pasturing seedlings, according to the invention, chickpea grain is used as the initial grain, chickpea grain is washed with tap water for 4-8 minutes, after which the washed grain is soaked with anolyte with a pH of 3.0-11.2 units. and a redox potential of 310-1100 mV, an oxygen concentration of 7.2-16.0 mg / l and chlorine of 0.003-0.007 mg / l, for 3.0-4.5 hours, with a grain to anolyte ratio of 1 : 2, then the anolyte is removed and the grain is washed again with tap water for 3-8 minutes, and the germination of the grain is carried out in a thin layer without using the substrate by the air-irrigation method with periodic tedding, with a total germination time of 7-9 days in natural light .

The novelty of the proposed method for the manufacture of protein biologically active feed additives consists in increasing the energy of germination of chickpea seeds and increasing the yield of biomass and plant productivity (feed) by protecting the seedlings from disease by using anolyte with a pH of 3.0-11.2 units. and a redox potential of 310-1100 mV, an oxygen concentration of 7.2-16.0 mg / l and chlorine of 0.003-0.007 mg / l, as well as a reduction in the duration of germination without loss of quality of the feed additive with minimal material and labor costs.

The features that distinguish the claimed technical solution from the prototype are aimed at achieving a technical result and were not identified when studying patent and scientific and technical literature in this and related fields of science and technology and, therefore, meet the criterion of "inventive step".

The proposed method for the manufacture of protein biologically active feed additives can be used in industrial specialized enterprises.

Anolyte solution for treating chickpea seeds was obtained by contactless activation of tap water at a current strength of 5 A for 12-15 minutes. This time and amperage is sufficient to obtain anolyte with specified physicochemical parameters. The current strength for obtaining a high-quality anolyte should be 5 A. If the current strength during processing is less than 5 A, then it will not be enough to acidify the anolyte to the required value and the hydrolysis process will slow down. If the current strength for processing is more than 5 A, then due to the increase in resistance, part of the energy consumption will be spent on heating the solution, which will increase the current consumption and reduce the rate of increase in pH.

If the time of washing the grain from dust and impurities is less than 4 minutes, then this time will not be enough for high-quality washing of grain, if the washing time is more than 8 minutes, this will slow down the germination technology, therefore the optimal time for washing the grain from impurities and dust is 6 minutes.

If in the claimed method of manufacturing a protein biologically active feed additive in the process of soaking the seeds, the pH of the anolyte will be less than 3.0 units, this contributes to the inhibitory effect of the processes of seed germination in view of the increased acidity of the anolyte medium, which leads to a decrease in the germination energy of chickpea seeds and a decrease in the biomass yield and plant productivity (feed). If the pH is greater than 11.2 units, this leads to a slowdown in the moisture consumption of the seed coat and increases the germination time of the feed additive; therefore, the optimum pH for the anolyte used as a lock solution for seeds is 7.2 units.

If the anolyte ORP is less than 310 mV, then the stimulating effect of the anolyte on the biochemical processes of seeds decreases, and the germination energy decreases, and if the ORP is more than 1100 mV, this leads to an increase in oxidative processes in the solution, which slows down the activity of the enzyme systems of the seeds and the yield biomass of plants; therefore, an ORP of 750.0 mV is optimal for anolyte.

If the concentration of anolyte chlorine is less than 0.003 mg / l, this contributes to the active development of contaminating microorganisms, which negatively affects the quality indicators of the feed additive. If the chlorine concentration is more than 0.007 mg / l, the increased chlorine content inhibits the germination energy, which increases the germination time of the feed additive, and also makes it difficult to use this technology in industry, so the optimal concentration of chlorine in the anolyte is 0.005 mg / l.

If the oxygen concentration in the anolyte is less than 7.2 mg / l, then this significantly reduces the process of moisture consumption by the seed coat and, as a result, reduces the activity of seed swelling, which slows down the germination of seeds and increases the germination time. If the oxygen concentration in the anolyte is more than 16.0 mg / L, then a high degree of oxygen saturation of the solution increases oxidative reactions, which slows down the functioning of the enzyme systems of the seeds and worsens the germination energy, therefore, the optimal oxygen concentration is 11.6 mg / L.

Declared the optimal ratio of seeds to anolyte, equal to 1: 2, respectively. If the ratio of seeds to anolyte is greater, this contributes to the development of unfavorable microflora, which makes it difficult to germinate, if less, saturation of the endosperm of seeds with moisture will be insufficient, which will also slow down the process of germination. Therefore, the optimal ratio of seeds to anolyte, respectively, is 1: 2.

The optimal time for re-washing the grain after soaking in the anolyte is 5 minutes. Rinsing less than 5 minutes is not enough to remove anolyte residues from the grain, if more - this helps to increase the time of the process of germination of feed.

If the seed germination time is less than 7 days, this contributes to insufficient accumulation of sugars and enzymes necessary for a high-quality feed supplement. If more than 9 days - the seeds outgrow, in connection with which its quality is deteriorating, so the optimal germination time is 8 days.

A method of manufacturing a protein biologically active feed additive is as follows.

The washing of chickpea grain is carried out with tap water for 4-8 minutes. After that, the washed grain is soaked with anolyte with a pH of 3.0-11.2 and a redox potential of 310-1100 mV, an oxygen concentration of 7.2-16.0 mg / l and chlorine of 0.003-0.007 mg / l for 3.0 -4.5 hours, with a grain to anolyte ratio of 1: 2. After that, the anolyte is removed and the grain is washed again with tap water for 3-8 minutes. Grain germination is carried out in a thin layer without using a substrate by the air-irrigation method with periodic tedding, with a total germination duration of 7-9 days in natural light.

An example of the method

1 kg of chickpea seeds of the Kubansky-16 variety is taken and washed for 6 min under tap water, the weed impurity and dust are removed from the seed mass and placed in one layer in a low plastic container without substrate, pouring with anolyte obtained by a contactless method by electrolysis of tap water , in the ratio of seeds to anolyte 1: 2 for 4 hours at an ambient temperature of 18 ° C.

After 4 hours, the anolyte is carefully drained, and the seeds are repeatedly washed with tap water to remove residual anolyte from the seed mass, after which the stage of air-irrigation germination begins. The swollen seeds are laid out in a thin layer on plastic spreads and covered with wet gauze and left at a temperature of 18 ° C and natural light, periodically irrigating the seeds with water, begin to expel green biomass.

As a result of microbiological studies when sowing seeds treated according to the proposed method, on the MPA and Chapek medium, the degree of contamination of the fungal and bacterial microflora was minimal.

Table 1 presents the difference in the energy of germination of chickpea seeds germinated using anolyte obtained by contactless activation, with the specified parameters and the prototype method (control) in five replicates. The germination energy of chickpea seeds was determined according to GOST 10968-88. The data of biochemical studies and the content of vitamins in chickpea greens are presented in table 2.

On average, the difference in the energy of germination of chickpea seeds between the control variant (prototype) and the experimental one (by the proposed method) was 6%.

The following vitamins were determined in the green mass: B1 - 0.78 mg / 100 g, B2 - 0.37 mg / 100 g.

Thus, the recommended protein biologically active feed additives will improve the quality of the feed. The biochemical data presented allow us to conclude that the feed additive is suitable for inclusion in the diet of farm animals and birds.

As you can see, the treatment of chickpea seeds with an anolyte obtained by a non-contact method with the stated parameters significantly reduces the seed germination time (by 48 hours) due to increased germination energy and plant productivity, as well as an increase in biomass yield by protecting plants from contaminating microorganisms.

The proposed method for the production of protein biologically active feed additives will reduce energy and labor costs in connection with a single use of anolyte without additional treatments with other solutions, the method does not require special equipment for seed germination.

Claims (1)

A method of manufacturing a protein biologically active feed additive, comprising soaking seeds in electroactivated water, germinating and pasturing seedlings, characterized in that the seeds of chickpeas are used as initial seeds, the chickpeas are washed with tap water for 4-8 minutes, after which the washed grain is soaked anolyte with a pH of 3.0-11.2 units and a redox potential of 310-1100 mV, an oxygen concentration of 7.2-16.0 mg / l and chlorine of 0.003-0.007 mg / l for 3.0-4.5 hours at a grain to anolyte ratio of 1: 2, after which and anolyte is carried out by repeated washing grain tap water for 3-8 minutes and germinating grain in a thin layer is carried out without using an air-substrate method at reflux tedding periodic, with a total duration of 7-9 days germinating under natural light.