RU2618111C1 - Method for producing biologically active forage additive - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture.

SUBSTANCE: method involves soaking the seeds in electro-activated water, germinating and seedlings forcing. The initial seeds are represented by Camelina seeds. Camelina seeds are washed in tap water for 4-8 minutes, then the washed seeds are soaked in anolyte with the pH of 3.0-11.2 units and the redox potential of 310-1,100 mV, the oxygen concentration of 7.2-16.0 mg/l and the chlorine concentration of 0.003-0.007 mg/l for 3.0-4.5 hours at the ratio of seeds to anolyte 1:2. Thereafter, the anolyte is removed and the seeds are re-washed by tap water within 3-8 minutes, and germinating the seeds is carried out in a thin layer without using a substrate by means of air-irrigation method at periodic tedding, at the total germination duration of 7-9 days under natural light.

EFFECT: method allows to obtain a high-quality biologically active forage additive by accelerating the production process of seeds germination and to reduce its duration, and to obtain forage for livestock and poultry with recommended biochemical and microbiological quality indices at low material and labour costs.

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Description

The invention relates to agriculture, namely to the manufacture of biologically active feed additives for feeding farm animals and birds.

A known method of producing a feed vitamin supplement, characterized by grinding the feedstock, adding water, heat treating the obtained substrate, fermenting growing yeast under conditions of aeration on a nutrient medium, followed by isolation of the target product, obtain a suspension with a solids concentration of at least 6% and for more than 24 hours from the time of preparation canned hypochlorite in the form of 5% aqueous solutions in a dosage of 0.005-0.01% to the volume of suspension (active chlorine) (US Pat. RU No. 2290831).

The disadvantage of the method of obtaining feed vitamin supplements is significant energy consumption, an additional method of growing yeast cultures, as well as the use of preservative agents, which, in turn, can have an adverse effect on the body of farm animals.

There is also known a method of growing green hydroponic feed (US Pat. RU No. 2429592), including pre-soaking the seed with activated water with a pH of 8-10, obtained by electrolysis, in a rarefied medium at a pressure of 650-680 mm RT.article with simultaneous stirring for 5-9 minutes with a drum speed of 10 rpm

The disadvantage of this method is the use for soaking seed of a vacuum medium created by a special device.

Known methods do not allow to produce high-quality biologically active feed additive in a short time without additional labor and loss of quality of raw materials.

The closest prototype analogue to the claimed one is a known method of producing hydroponic green food, which involves soaking seeds in a catholyte of electroactivated water, obtained by electroactivation of a 4-6% solution of ammonium sulfate with a pH of 9-10, redox potential (-800) - (- 900) mV, with a specific consumption of electricity of 0.062-0.070 A / h per 1 liter of catholyte and anolyte, with soaking for 3-5 hours with a total germination time of 10 days: the first 2 days without lighting, the next 8 days under lighting And the distillation of seedlings (Pat RU №2524538 -. Prototype).

The disadvantage of this method is the significant complexity of the process of germination of grain and its complication due to the use of two phases of germination - without light and in its presence, as well as the formation of ammonia on the cathode during electrolysis, which can have an adverse effect on the body of farm animals and birds. This method does not allow to reduce the duration of germination without loss of quality of green feed.

The technical result is to increase the energy of germination of camelina seeds, increase the yield of biomass and plant productivity (feed) by protecting plants from diseases and accelerate the process of germination of protein biologically active feed additives.

The technical result is achieved by the fact that in the method of manufacturing a biologically active feed additive, comprising soaking the seeds in electroactivated water, germinating and pasturing seedlings, according to the invention, the seeds of camelina are used as the initial seeds, the washing of the camelina seeds is carried out with tap water for 4-8 minutes, after which the washed grain is soaked with anolyte with a pH of 3.0-11.2 units and a redox potential of 310-1100 mV, an oxygen concentration of 7.2-16.0 mg / l and chlorine of 0.003-0.007 mg / l, for 3 , 0-4.5 hours, at the ratio of seeds to anolyte is 1: 2, then the anolyte is removed and the seeds are re-flushed with tap water for 3-8 minutes, and the seeds are germinated in a thin layer without using the substrate by air-irrigation method with periodic tedding, with a total germination duration of 7- 9 days in natural light.

The novelty of the proposed method for the production of biologically active feed additives consists in increasing the germination energy of camelina seeds and increasing the yield of biomass and plant productivity (feed) by protecting the seedlings from diseases by using anolyte with a pH of 3.0-11.2 u and redox with a potential of 310-1100 mV, an oxygen concentration of 7.2-16.0 mg / l and chlorine 0.003-0.007 mg / l, as well as a reduction in the duration of germination without loss of quality of the feed additive with minimal material and labor costs.

The features that distinguish the claimed technical solution from the prototype are aimed at achieving a technical result and were not identified when studying patent and scientific and technical literature in this and related fields of science and technology and, therefore, meet the criterion of "inventive step".

The proposed method for the manufacture of biologically active feed additives can be used in industrial specialized enterprises.

Anolyte solution for the treatment of camelina seeds was obtained by contact activation of tap water at a current strength of 5 A for 12-15 minutes. This time and amperage is sufficient to obtain anolyte with specified physicochemical parameters. The current strength for obtaining a high-quality anolyte should be 5 A. If the current strength during processing is less than 5 A, then it will not be enough to acidify the anolyte to the required value and the hydrolysis process will slow down. If the current strength for processing is more than 5 A, then due to the increase in resistance, part of the energy consumption will be spent on heating the solution, which will increase the current consumption and reduce the rate of increase in pH.

If the time of washing the seeds from dust and impurities is less than 4 minutes, then this time will not be enough for high-quality washing of seeds, if the washing time is more than 8 minutes, this will slow down the germination technology, so the optimal time for washing seeds from impurities and dust is 6 minutes.

If in the claimed method of manufacturing a biologically active feed additive in the process of soaking the seeds, the pH of the anolyte will be less than 3.0 units, this contributes to the inhibitory effect of the processes of seed germination in view of the increased acidity of the anolyte medium, which leads to a decrease in the germination energy of the camelina seeds and a decrease in the biomass yield and plant productivity (feed). If the pH is greater than 11.2 units, this leads to a slowdown in the moisture consumption of the seed coat and increases the germination time of the feed additive; therefore, the optimum pH for the anolyte used as a lock solution for seeds is 7.2 units.

If the anolyte ORP is less than 310 mV, then the stimulating effect of the anolyte on the biochemical processes of seeds decreases, and the germination energy decreases, and if the ORP is more than 1100 mV, this leads to an increase in oxidative processes in the solution, which slows down the activity of the enzyme systems of the seeds and the yield biomass of plants; therefore, an ORP of 750.0 mV is optimal for anolyte.

If the concentration of anolyte chlorine is less than 0.003 mg / l, this contributes to the active development of contaminating microorganisms, which negatively affects the quality of the feed additive. If the chlorine concentration is more than 0.007 mg / l, the increased chlorine content inhibits the germination energy, which increases the germination time of the feed additive, and also makes it difficult to use this technology in industry, so the optimal concentration of chlorine in the anolyte is 0.005 mg / l.

If the oxygen concentration in the anolyte is less than 7.2 mg / l, this significantly reduces the moisture consumption of the seed coat and, as a result, reduces the activity of seed swelling, which leads to a slowdown in seed germination and an increase in germination time. If the oxygen concentration in the anolyte is more than 16.0 mg / L, then a high degree of oxygen saturation of the solution increases oxidative reactions, which slows down the functioning of the enzyme systems of the seeds and worsens the germination energy, therefore, the optimal oxygen concentration is 11.6 mg / L.

Declared the optimal ratio of seeds to anolyte, equal to 1: 2, respectively. If the ratio of seeds to anolyte is greater, this contributes to the development of unfavorable microflora, which makes it difficult to germinate, if less, saturation of the endosperm of seeds with moisture will be insufficient, which will also slow down the process of germination. Therefore, the optimal ratio of seeds to anolyte, respectively, is 1: 2.

The optimal time for repeated flushing of seeds after soaking in anolyte is 5 minutes. Rinsing less than 5 minutes is not enough to remove anolyte residues from the seeds, if more - this helps to increase the time of the process of germination of feed.

If the seed germination time is less than 7 days, this contributes to insufficient accumulation of sugars and enzymes necessary for a high-quality feed supplement. If more than 9 days - the seeds outgrow, and therefore their quality deteriorates, so the optimal germination time is 8 days.

A method of manufacturing a biologically active feed additive is as follows.

The flaxseed seeds are washed with tap water for 4-8 minutes, after which the washed grain is soaked with anolyte with a pH of 3.0-11.2 and a redox potential of 310-1100 mV, an oxygen concentration of 7.2-16.0 mg / l and chlorine 0.003-0.007 mg / l for 3.0-4.5 hours, with a seed to anolyte ratio of 1: 2. After that, the anolyte is removed and the seeds are re-flushed with tap water for 3-8 minutes. Germination of seeds is carried out in a thin layer without using a substrate by the air-irrigation method with periodic tedding, with a total duration of germination of 7-9 days in natural light.

An example of the method

Take 1 kg of camelina seeds of Penzyak variety and washed for 6 min under tap water, remove the weed impurity, dust from the seed mass and place it in one layer in a low plastic container without a substrate, pouring it with anolyte obtained by contact by electrolysis of tap water into the ratio of seeds to anolyte 1: 2 for 4 hours at an ambient temperature of 18 ° C.

After 4 hours, the anolyte is carefully drained, and the seeds are repeatedly washed with tap water to remove residual anolyte from the seed mass, after which the stage of air-irrigation germination begins. The swollen seeds are laid out in a thin layer on plastic spreads and covered with wet gauze and left at a temperature of 18 ° C and natural light, periodically irrigating the seeds with water, begin to expel green biomass.

As a result of microbiological studies when sowing seeds treated according to the proposed method, on the MPA and Chapek medium, the degree of contamination of the fungal and bacterial microflora was minimal.

Table 1 presents the difference in the energy indicators of germination of camelina seeds germinated using anolyte obtained by contact activation, with the specified parameters and the prototype methodology (control) in five replicates. The germination energy of camelina seeds was determined according to GOST 10968-88. Data biochemical studies and the content of vitamins in green mushrooms are presented in table 2.

On average, the difference in the energy of germination of camelina seeds between the control variant (prototype) and the experimental one (by the proposed method) was 7.4%.

In the green mass, the following vitamin content was determined: B1 - 0.07 mg / 100 g, B2 - 0.2 mg / 100 g.

Thus, the recommended biologically active feed additive will improve the quality of the feed. The biochemical data presented allow us to conclude that the feed additive is suitable for inclusion in the diet of farm animals and birds.

As can be seen, the treatment of camelina seeds with anolyte obtained by the contact method with the declared parameters significantly reduces the seed germination time by 48 hours due to increased germination energy and plant productivity, as well as increased biomass yield by protecting plants from contaminating microorganisms.

The proposed method for the manufacture of biologically active feed additives will reduce energy and labor costs in connection with a single use of anolyte without additional treatments with other solutions, the method does not require special equipment for seed germination.

Claims (1)

A method of manufacturing a biologically active feed additive, including soaking seeds in electroactivated water, germinating and pasturing seedlings, characterized in that camelina seeds are used as initial seeds, camelina seeds are washed with tap water for 4-8 minutes, after which the washed grain is soaked with anolyte with a pH of 3.0-11.2 u and a redox potential of 310-1100 mV, an oxygen concentration of 7.2-16.0 mg / l and chlorine of 0.003-0.007 mg / l for 3.0-4.5 x hours, with a seed to anolyte ratio of 1: 2, then remove anolyte and re-flushing the seeds with tap water for 3-8 minutes, and seed germination is carried out in a thin layer without using the substrate by air-irrigation method with periodic tedding, with a total germination time of 7-9 days in natural light.