RU2625185C1 - Method for preparing protein functional forage additive from lupin grain - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture.

SUBSTANCE: method involves soaking the lupine grain in anolyte with the pH of 3.5-10.8 units and the redox potential of 375-840 mV, the oxygen concentration of 7.2-16.0 mg / l and the chlorine concentration of 0.003-0.007 mg/l. The ratio of grain to anolyte, respectively, is 1:2. Thereinafter the lupin grain is germinated for 7-9 days under natural illumination.

EFFECT: implementation of the method allows to obtain a high-quality biologically active forage additive fron lupin grain while accelerating the production process of grain germination and reducing its duration, and to obtain a green vitamin forage for livestock and poultry with recommended biochemical and microbiological quality indices at low material and labour costs.

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Description

The invention relates to agriculture, namely to the preparation of a functional protein feed additive from lupine grain for feeding agricultural animals and birds.

A known method of producing a feed vitamin supplement, characterized by grinding the feedstock, adding water, heat treating the obtained substrate, fermenting growing yeast under conditions of aeration on a nutrient medium, followed by isolation of the target product, obtain a suspension with a solids concentration of at least 6% and for more than 24 hours from the time of preparation canned hypochlorite in the form of 5% aqueous solutions in a dosage of 0.005-0.01% to the volume of suspension (active chlorine) (US Pat. RU No. 2290831).

The disadvantage of the method of obtaining feed vitamin supplements is significant energy consumption, an additional intake is the cultivation of yeast cultures, as well as the use of preservative agents, which, in turn, can have an adverse effect on the body of farm animals.

There is also known a method of growing green hydroponic feed (US Pat. RU No. 2429592), including pre-soaking the seed with activated water with a pH of 8-10, obtained by electrolysis, in a rarefied medium at a pressure of 650-680 mm Hg with simultaneous stirring for 5-9 minutes with a drum speed of 10 rpm

The disadvantage of this method is the use for soaking seed of a vacuum medium created by a special device.

The closest prototype analogue to the claimed one is a known method for producing hydroponic green food, including soaking seeds in catholyte with electroactivated water obtained by electroactivation of a 4-6% solution of ammonium sulfate with a pH of 9-10, redox potential (-800) - (- 900) mV, with a specific consumption of electricity amount of 0.062-0.070 A / h per 1 liter of catholyte and anolyte, with soaking for 3-5 hours with a total germination time of 10 days: the first 2 days without lighting, the next 8 days with lighting (US Pat. RU No. 2524538 - prototype).

The disadvantage of this method is the significant complexity of the process of germination of grain and its complication due to the use of two phases of germination - without light and in its presence, as well as the formation of ammonia on the cathode during electrolysis, which can have an adverse effect on the body of farm animals and birds. This method does not allow to reduce the duration of germination without loss of quality of green feed.

Known methods do not allow to obtain high-quality functional feed additive for the shortest possible time without additional labor costs and loss of quality of raw materials.

The technical result is to increase the energy of germination of lupine grains, increase the yield of biomass and plant productivity (feed) by protecting plants from diseases, as well as simplify the process of germinating vitamin greens from lupine grains due to the use of anolyte at the stage of soaking with the declared physicochemical parameters, as well as obtaining a feed additive with recommended biochemical and microbiological quality indicators at low material and labor costs.

The technical result is achieved by the fact that in the method of preparing a functional feed additive from lupine grain, its grain is soaked using anolyte with a pH of 3.5-10.8 units. and the redox potential of 375-840 mV, the oxygen concentration of 7.2-16.0 mg / l and chlorine 0.003-0.007 mg / l obtained by contact activation, germination of grain, with a grain to anolyte ratio of 1: 2, after which carry out the germination of grain for 7-9 days.

The novelty of the proposed method for preparing a functional feed additive is to increase the energy of germination of lupine grain and increase the yield of biomass and plant productivity (feed) by protecting plants from disease by using anolyte with a pH of 3.5-10.8 units. and redox potential of 375-840 mV, oxygen concentration of 7.2-16.0 mg / l and chlorine of 0.003-0.007 mg / l, as well as reducing the duration of germination without loss of quality of the feed additive with minimal material and labor costs.

The features that distinguish the claimed technical solution from the prototype are aimed at achieving a technical result and were not identified when studying patent and scientific and technical literature in this and related fields of science and technology and, therefore, meet the criterion of "inventive step".

The proposed method for the preparation of a functional feed additive from lupine grain may be used in industrial specialized enterprises.

Anolyte solution for processing lupine grains was obtained by contact activation of tap water at a current strength of 5 A for 12-15 minutes. This time and amperage is sufficient to obtain anolyte with specified physicochemical parameters. The current strength to obtain a high-quality anolyte should be 5 A. If the current strength during processing is less than 5 A, then it will not be enough to acidify the anolyte to the required value and the hydrolysis process will slow down. If the current strength for processing is more than 5 A, then due to the increase in resistance, part of the energy consumption will be spent on heating the solution, which will increase the current consumption and reduce the rate of increase in pH.

If in the claimed method of preparing a functional feed additive from lupine during the soaking of the grain, the pH of the anolyte will be less than 3.5 units, this contributes to the inhibitory effect of the processes of grain germination due to the increase in acidity of the anolyte medium, which leads to a decrease in the energy of germination of the lupine grain and a decrease in the biomass yield and plant productivity (feed). If the pH is greater than 10.8 units, this leads to a slowdown in the moisture consumption of the grain shell and increases the germination time of the feed additive; therefore, the optimum pH for the anolyte used as a lock solution for grain is 7.2 units.

If the anolyte ORP is less than 375 mV, then the stimulating effect of the anolyte on the biochemical processes of grain decreases, and the germination energy decreases, and if the ORP is more than 840 mV, this leads to an increase in oxidative processes in solution, which slows down the activity of the enzyme systems of the grain and the yield plant biomass; therefore, an ORP of 607.2 mV is optimal for anolyte.

If the concentration of anolyte chlorine is less than 0.003 mg / l, this contributes to the active development of contaminating microorganisms, which negatively affects the quality of the feed additive. If the chlorine concentration is more than 0.007 mg / l, the increased chlorine content inhibits the germination energy, which increases the germination time of the feed additive, and also makes it difficult to use this technology in industry, so the optimal concentration of chlorine in the anolyte is 0.005 mg / l.

If the oxygen concentration in the anolyte is less than 7.2 mg / l, then this significantly reduces the moisture consumption of the grain shell and, as a result, reduces the activity of grain swelling, which slows down the germination of grain and increases the germination time. If the oxygen concentration in the anolyte is more than 16.0 mg / L, then a high degree of oxygen saturation of the solution increases oxidative reactions, which slows down the functioning of the enzyme systems of the grain and worsens the germination energy, therefore, the optimal oxygen concentration is 11.6 mg / L.

Declared the optimal ratio of grain to anolyte, equal to 1: 2, respectively.

If the ratio of grain to anolyte is greater, this contributes to the development of unfavorable microflora, which makes it difficult to germinate, if less, saturation of the endosperm of the grain with moisture will be insufficient, which will also slow down the process of germination. Therefore, the optimal ratio of grain to anolyte, respectively, is 1: 2.

If the germination time of the grain is less than 7 days, this contributes to insufficient accumulation of sugars and enzymes necessary for high-quality feed additives. If more than 9 days, the grain grows, and therefore its quality deteriorates, so the optimal germination time is 8 days.

A method of preparing a functional feed additive is as follows.

Soaked lupine grain using anolyte with a pH of 3.5-10.8 units. and a redox potential of 375-840 mV, an oxygen concentration of 7.2-16.0 mg / L and chlorine 0.003-0.007 mg / L, obtained by contact activation. The ratio of grain to anolyte is 1: 2. The total duration of germination is 7-9 days in natural light.

Take 1 kg of Start lupine of variety Start and washed for 6 min under tap water, remove the weed impurity, dust from the grain mass and place it in one layer in a low plastic container, pouring it with anolyte obtained by contact by electrolysis of tap water, in the ratio of grain to anolyte 1: 2 for 4 hours at an ambient temperature of 18 ° C.

After 4 hours, the anolyte is carefully drained, and the grain is repeatedly washed with tap water to remove residual anolyte from the grain mass, after which the stage of air-irrigation germination begins. The swollen grain is laid out in a thin layer on plastic spacers and covered with wet gauze and left at a temperature of 18 ° C and natural light, periodically irrigating the grain with water, begin to expel green biomass.

As a result of microbiological studies when sowing grain processed according to the proposed method, on the MPA and Chapek medium, the degree of contamination of the fungal and bacterial microflora was minimal.

Table 1 presents the difference in the energy indices of germination of lupine grain sprouted using anolyte obtained by contact activation with the indicated parameters and the prototype methodology (control) in five replicates. The energy of germination of lupine grain was determined according to GOST 10968-88 "Grain. Methods for determining germination energy and germination ability. " The data of biochemical studies and the content of vitamins in the hydroponic greens of lupine are presented in table 2.

On average, the difference in the energy of germination of lupine grain between the control option (prototype) and the experimental (by the proposed method) was 9.8%.

The following vitamins were determined in the green mass: B1 - 2 mg / 100 g, B2 - 0.7 mg / 100 g, B3-4.5 mg / 100 g, B6 - 3 mg / 100 g, E - 21 mg / 100 g.

Thus, the recommended functional feed supplement from lupine grains will improve the quality of the feed. The biochemical data presented allow us to conclude that the functional feed additive is suitable for inclusion in the diet of farm animals and birds.

As can be seen, the processing of lupine grain with an anolyte obtained by the contact method with the stated parameters significantly reduces the germination time of grain by 48 hours due to increased germination energy and plant productivity, as well as an increase in biomass yield by protecting plants from contaminating microorganisms.

The proposed method of preparing a functional feed additive will reduce energy and labor costs in connection with a single use of anolyte without additional treatments with other solutions, the method does not require special equipment for germinating lupine grains.

Claims (1)

A method of preparing a functional feed additive from lupine grain, including soaking the grain in electroactivated water, germinating and pasturing the sprouts, characterized in that lupine grain was used as the initial grain, and anolyte with a pH of 3.5-10.8 was used as the electroactivated water . and a redox potential of 375-840 mV, an oxygen concentration of 7.2-16.0 mg / l and chlorine 0.003-0.007 mg / l, obtained by contact activation, with a grain to anolyte ratio of 1: 2, respectively, with a total germination duration 7-9 days in natural light.