RU2189734C2 - Green hydroponic feed growing method - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture. SUBSTANCE: method involves providing plant support; creating predetermined light, temperature and moisture content modes; performing daily irrigation of plants with humus solution having concentration of 0.1-0.5 mg/l. EFFECT: simplified method and increased biological value of feed. 2 tbl, 2 ex

Description

 The invention relates to agriculture, and in particular to methods of growing hydroponic green fodder.

A known installation for growing hydroponic green fodder, equipped with trays with grain, a system for moistening grain, maintaining a temperature in the range of 16-28 ^o C and lighting with fluorescent lamps with maxima in the emission spectrum of 611 and 425-450 nm (RF patent 2098940).

 In common with the claimed invention is the use of fluorescent lamps with emission spectra of 611 and 425-450 nm, which favorably affect the growth and nutritional composition of seedlings, however, the absence of a nutrient medium in the humidification system does not create the optimal biological value of the final product.

 The well-known "Method of hydroponic cultivation of plants", using a native solution populated by bacterial organisms, crustaceans and protozoans of zooplankton, into which their nutrients are introduced in the form of phosphorus compounds in mineral or organic form.

 The disadvantage of this analogue is the difficulty in maintaining the balance of the microbiocenosis of the native solution, and the absence of fluorescent lamps with emission spectra of 611 and 425-450 nm reduces the overall nutritional value and efficiency of use of the obtained feed.

The closest analogue to the prototype claimed is the "Method of processing grain for feed", including moistening the grain, processing with a urea solution, followed by drying, characterized in that after processing the grain is kept for 3-5 days at 18-20 ^o C, while drying of the treated grain is carried out for 50-80 min at 45-50 ^o C, and then at 80-90 ^o C for 50-80 min, and for processing each culture using a solution of urea with a concentration that ensures the viability of the grain germ (RF patent 2097985).

 The disadvantage of this method is that feeding poultry grain treated with a urea solution can lead to toxicosis, and important biologically active substances (carotenoids, etc.) are absent in this feed.

 Therefore, this method does not solve the problem. The basis of the invention the task is to improve the known method.

 The technical result is an increase in the biological usefulness of the germinated grain, which ultimately increases the efficiency of using green hydroponic feed in the nutrition of poultry.

 To achieve this goal, a method of growing hydroponic green fodder is used, including support for plants, light, temperature and humidity conditions, characterized in that the irrigation is carried out with a humic solution in a concentration of 0.1-0.5 mg / l every 3-4 hours for 7-9 days.

 Examples of specific use.

 Example 1. In laboratory conditions, VNITIP conducted comparative tests of two methods of growing hydroponic green fodder - moistening grain with water and a nutrient solution - humic with a concentration of 0.2 mg / L.

 For the experiment, 3.9 kg of wheat grain were taken, 130 g each was laid out on 40 laboratory sieves. The grain was washed in running water, treated with a 0.005% potassium permanganate solution for 15-22 minutes, then soaked for 14 hours in tap water, placing the sieves in trays. Grain germination was about 88%. The sticking grain was placed under the lamps.

 For illumination, LB lamps and fluorescent lamps were used, the coating of which includes two phosphors, one of which emits red light (611 nm) and the second - blue (450 nm), in a ratio of 87.2 and 12.5% (Lf-40- lamps 3) or 75 and 25% (L-2 lamps).

The grain germination period was 8 days with an exposure of 8 hours. The room temperature was 18-22 ^o C, humidity - 65-75%.

 For grain irrigation, water (in control) and a humic solution with a concentration of 0.2 mg / L were used. Sprouts were sprayed 3-4 times a day, not allowing them to dry. Excess water and nutrient solution were drained from the ditch. For the rational use of water and humic solution used household sprayers. The flow rate of the humic solution with a concentration of 0.2 mg / l was about 2 l per 1 kg of grain. (Table 1).

 Humic solution irrigation contributed to more intensive plant growth. The length of the seedlings when spraying them with humic solution under the LF-40-3 and L-2 lamps was 8.39 and 3.13% higher, respectively, compared with plants irrigated with water. The percentage of dry matter in all groups of germinated wheat using a nutrient solution was also greater than when drinking water: from 3.05% (under the LF-40 lamp) to 10.83% (under the LB lamp).

 The use of humic solution contributed to the intensive synthesis of biologically active substances. For example, the concentration of vitamin E increased in the groups of plants sprayed with a nutrient solution under the lamps LF-40, L-2 and LB, by 15.48; 39.74 and 7.72%, and carotenoids - by 134.84; 24.57 and 36.99%, respectively, compared with wheat seedlings irrigated with water.

Example 2. In laboratory conditions, VNITIP conducted comparative tests of two nutrient media during the germination of grain - humic solution and a medium consisting of chemical compounds. For germination, wheat and rye grains were used, which in the amount of 5.2 kg, 130 g each were poured into metal laboratory sieves for further germination. In addition, under the conditions of vivarium EPH VNITIP, feeding of chickens for a month was organized with a mass of seedlings of grain at the rate of 8 g per 1 head per day in order to determine the effect on the quality of eggs. The environment based on chemical compounds was prepared according to the recipe of K. Weber (G.S. Davtyan, M.A. Babakhanyan "Continuous hydroponic production of fresh grass feed and its effectiveness" / ed. AN Armenian SSR. - Yerevan, 1977. - 70 p. .): 56 g of potassium nitrate (KNO ₃ ), 85 g of calcium nitrate (Ca (NO ₃ ) ₂ • 4H ₂ O), 14 g of potassium phosphate (KH ₂ PO ₄ ), 42.5 g of sulfate were dissolved in 100 l of water. magnesium (MgSO ₄ • 7H ₂ O). The concentration of the humic solution was 0.15 mg in 1 liter of water. Preparation of grain for germination was carried out according to generally accepted methods. A comparative test of the media was carried out using LF-40 lamps with a mixed radiation spectrum. The grain was germinated for 8 days with an exposure of 8 hours

 Irrigation of grain during germination by various nutrient media affected the growth of plants. For example, the mass of 8-day-old wheat and rye seedlings when using a humic solution exceeded the initial value by 3.9 and 4.8 times, respectively.

 The results of a comparison test of two culture media during germination of grain against the background of optimal lighting are presented in table. 2.

 The results of the experiment show that grain seedlings grown using a humic solution are not inferior in many indicators, and in some they surpass similar wheat and rye samples irrigated with a nutrient solution based on chemical compounds. In addition, the preparation of a nutrient medium according to K. Weber’s recipe requires the presence of chemically pure salt preparations, the cost of which is relatively high; special equipment (laboratory scales, containers, etc.); qualified staff. Whereas when preparing a humic solution, all of the above problems are absent.

 As plants grow, compared with natural grain, there is an increase in protein and most amino acids. A significant (2–3 times) increase in the content of normalized macro- and microelements was noted, which is also of great importance when organizing feeding of the breeding stock.

Compared to the initial grain, the content of carotenoids in the seedlings increased 5–9 times, and the content of vitamin B ₂ increased 20–25 times. The content of alpha-tocopherol in wheat seedlings increased by more than 2 times, and in rye seedlings - by 56% compared with the original grain.

A comparative analysis of the effectiveness of the two nutrient media indicates that the humic solution is practically not inferior to a medium based on the chemical compounds of nitrogen, potassium, calcium, phosphorus, and magnesium. In terms of crude fat content, the results between groups were similar. With respect to biologically active agents (alpha-tocopherol, vitamin B _2, carotenoids), these indicators were in most cases above when used as a nutrient medium humic solution.

 It is known that nitrates, entering the body of agricultural animals and birds, can adversely affect their health and productivity, reduce the quality of the products. In view of this fact, laying hens were fed seedlings of rye and wheat grown on a humic solution.

Feeding the obtained grain mass to chickens contributed to an increase in egg production by 1.9% (from 75.6% versus 73.7 in the control). Despite the higher productivity, the carotenoid content in the eggs of the experimental groups increased by 32.8% (20.89 μg / g versus 15.73 μg / g in the control), and vitamin E increased by 17.92% (57.9 μg / g versus 49.1 μg / g) and vitamin B ₂ - by 23.53% (6.3 μg / g versus 5.1 μg / g).

The use of humic solution for irrigation of hydroponic green food and its subsequent addition to compound feeds for chickens helps to increase productivity and improve the quality of eggs in the content of carotenoids, vitamins A, E, B _{2 in them} .

Claims (1)

 A method of growing hydroponic green food, including support for plants, light, temperature and humidity conditions, characterized in that the irrigation is carried out with a humic solution in a concentration of 0.1-0.5 mg / l every 3-4 hours for 7-9 days.

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