CN112919954A - Water culture nutrient solution for selenium-rich loose-leaf lettuce as well as preparation method and application of water culture nutrient solution - Google Patents
Water culture nutrient solution for selenium-rich loose-leaf lettuce as well as preparation method and application of water culture nutrient solution Download PDFInfo
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- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B7/00—Fertilisers based essentially on alkali or ammonium orthophosphates
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- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G31/00—Soilless cultivation, e.g. hydroponics
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- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of loose-leaf lettuce cultivation, in particular to a water culture nutrient solution for selenium-rich loose-leaf lettuce and a preparation method and application thereof. According to the invention, the water culture nutrient solution of the selenium-rich scattered-leaf lettuce is adopted, and meanwhile, in the production process, specific illumination intensity, day and night time and temperature are adopted, and the cultivation is carried out for several weeks, so that the selenium content of the scattered-leaf lettuce product is 0.03-0.09 mg/Kg (fresh weight), and meets the standard requirement of DB 13/T2702-2018 selenium content requirement of selenium-rich agricultural products. The water culture nutrient solution of the selenium-rich loose-leaf lettuce comprises the following components in concentration: 945mg/L calcium nitrate tetrahydrate; potassium nitrate 607 mg/L; 115mg/L ammonium dihydrogen phosphate; magnesium sulfate heptahydrate of 493 mg/L; 20mg/L of ferric sodium ethylene diamine tetracetate; boric acid 2.86 mg/L; 2.13mg/L of manganese sulfate; 0.22mg/L of zinc sulfate; copper sulfate 0.08 mg/L; 0.02mg/L of ammonium molybdate; 0.02-0.06 mg/L of sodium selenite.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of loose-leaf lettuce cultivation, in particular to a water culture nutrient solution for selenium-rich loose-leaf lettuce and a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
Selenium is one of the essential trace elements for animals and human beings, and selenium deficiency may cause various diseases such as heart disease and the like. Microelement deficiency due to selenium deficiency is ubiquitous throughout the world. Some regions of the world lack selenium, while others become toxic due to excessive accumulation of selenium, both a lack and excessive intake of which can be harmful to humans, known as "double-edged sword". In the Hebei province local standard DB 13/T2702-. Therefore, there is a need to explore the concentration, mode and cultivation method of selenium administration, which may result in insufficient or excessive selenium consumption. China is a typical selenium-deficient country, and selenium-deficient areas account for 72% of the total land area. The selenium intake in the diet of people is 7-11 mug per day, which is lower than 50-55 mug recommended by the world health organization. The long-term consumption of food with insufficient selenium content, especially vegetable food, is the main reason of low selenium intake of people. Exogenous selenium application can obviously improve the selenium content in crops, vegetables and fruits. Selenium supplementation from natural foods is considered safer than direct intake of organic selenium.
Selenium exists in nature in both inorganic and organic forms, with inorganic selenium comprising mainly selenate (Na)2SeO4) Selenite (Na)2SeO3) The organic selenium mainly comprises selenomethionine (SeMet) and selenocysteine (SeCys). The direct eating of inorganic selenium by human beings easily causes adverse reaction even if the inorganic selenium is eaten directlyTo intoxication; needs to be converted into organic selenium through biology, and is convenient for human to eat.
Lettuce is one of the most common hydroponic vegetables and is widely consumed worldwide. Therefore, lettuce is preferred for use in the selenium bioaugmentation program. Common lettuce types can be classified into head lettuce and loose-leaf lettuce according to whether head is achieved or not, and the invention mainly aims at the loose-leaf lettuce. The selenium-rich hydroponic lettuce is characterized in that selenium is directly added into a hydroponic solution, compared with the traditional soil cultivation, the selenium-rich hydroponic lettuce reduces the adsorption effect of soil on selenium, and has the advantages of short growth cycle, no plant diseases and insect pests, simple management and convenient operation. In addition, the selenium fertilizer is sprayed on the leaf surfaces, which is a common method, but the selenium content in plants cannot be guaranteed, the application amount is also influenced by personal operation difference, inorganic selenium is easily remained on the leaf surfaces, and the inorganic selenium is mistakenly eaten to generate toxicity. The biological strengthening of hydroponic loose-leaf lettuce by exogenous inorganic selenium is a convenient technique for increasing the selenium concentration in human diet. The general formulas of nutrient solutions in water culture in the world include American Hoagland formula, Japanese garden test formula and the like, and the basic nutrient solution formula of the invention is based on the Hoagland formula nutrient solution.
It is well known that plant growth is promoted or antagonized by the absorption of selenium, temperature, light, selenium concentration, and other minerals. The environmental conditions stated in the patent of the invention are obtained under the specified experimental conditions, and if certain experimental conditions are changed, the selenium content of the final product is insufficient or exceeds the standard, so that the potential risk exists to human bodies.
The information disclosed in this background section is only for enhancement of understanding of the general background of the invention and should not be taken as an acknowledgement or any form of suggestion that this information forms the prior art already known to a person skilled in the art.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a water culture nutrient solution of selenium-rich loose-leaf lettuce as well as a preparation method and application thereof, so as to solve the technical problems in the prior art.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the first purpose of the invention is to protect a water culture nutrient solution formula of selenium-rich loose-leaf lettuce.
The invention provides a water culture nutrient solution of selenium-rich loose-leaf lettuce, which consists of the following components in concentration: 945mg/L calcium nitrate tetrahydrate; potassium nitrate 607 mg/L; 115mg/L ammonium dihydrogen phosphate; magnesium sulfate heptahydrate of 493 mg/L; 20mg/L of ferric sodium ethylene diamine tetracetate; boric acid 2.86 mg/L; 2.13mg/L of manganese sulfate; 0.22mg/L of zinc sulfate; copper sulfate 0.08 mg/L; 0.02mg/L of ammonium molybdate; 0.02-0.06 mg/L of sodium selenite.
As a further technical scheme, the feed additive consists of the following components in concentration: 945mg/L calcium nitrate tetrahydrate; potassium nitrate 607 mg/L; 115mg/L ammonium dihydrogen phosphate; magnesium sulfate heptahydrate of 493 mg/L; 20mg/L of ferric sodium ethylene diamine tetracetate; boric acid 2.86 mg/L; 2.13mg/L of manganese sulfate; 0.22mg/L of zinc sulfate; copper sulfate 0.08 mg/L; 0.02mg/L of ammonium molybdate; sodium selenite 0.02 mg/L.
As a further technical scheme, the feed additive consists of the following components in concentration: 945mg/L calcium nitrate tetrahydrate; potassium nitrate 607 mg/L; 115mg/L ammonium dihydrogen phosphate; magnesium sulfate heptahydrate of 493 mg/L; 20mg/L of ferric sodium ethylene diamine tetracetate; boric acid 2.86 mg/L; 2.13mg/L of manganese sulfate; 0.22mg/L of zinc sulfate; copper sulfate 0.08 mg/L; 0.02mg/L of ammonium molybdate; sodium selenite 0.04 mg/L.
As a further technical scheme, the feed additive consists of the following components in concentration: 945mg/L calcium nitrate tetrahydrate; potassium nitrate 607 mg/L; 115mg/L ammonium dihydrogen phosphate; magnesium sulfate heptahydrate of 493 mg/L; 20mg/L of ferric sodium ethylene diamine tetracetate; boric acid 2.86 mg/L; 2.13mg/L of manganese sulfate; 0.22mg/L of zinc sulfate; copper sulfate 0.08 mg/L; 0.02mg/L of ammonium molybdate; sodium selenite 0.06 mg/L.
The second purpose of the invention is to protect the preparation method of the water culture nutrient solution of the selenium-rich loose-leaf lettuce and ensure the smooth preparation of the water culture nutrient solution, because more compounds are needed and the amount of partial compounds is less, the weight is inaccurate due to direct weighing, concentrated solutions with different concentrations are prepared firstly and then diluted into working solution for use. In order to prevent precipitation from occurring when preparing the mother liquor, all compounds in the formulation cannot be dissolved together, and therefore, the compounds should be classified into a liquid A, a liquid B and a liquid C by grouping the compounds which do not cause precipitation from each other.
The invention provides a preparation method of a water culture nutrient solution of selenium-rich loose-leaf lettuce, which comprises the following steps: preparing a mother solution concentrated solution and a working nutrient solution;
preparing mother liquor concentrated solution
Wherein 94.5g of calcium nitrate tetrahydrate and 60.7g of potassium nitrate are weighed, and the volume is determined to be 1L by deionized water to obtain mother liquor A, wherein the concentration of the mother liquor A is 100 times that of the working nutrient solution for cultivation;
weighing 11.5g of ammonium dihydrogen phosphate and 49.3g of magnesium sulfate heptahydrate, and diluting to a constant volume of 1L with deionized water to obtain a mother solution B, wherein the concentration of the mother solution B is 100 times that of the working nutrient solution for cultivation;
weighing 20g of ferric sodium tetraethyl ethylenediamine, 2.86g of boric acid, 2.13g of manganese sulfate, 0.22g of zinc sulfate, 0.08g of copper sulfate, 0.02g of ammonium molybdate and 0.06g of sodium selenite, and fixing the volume of 1L by using deionized water to obtain mother liquor C, wherein the concentration of the mother liquor C is 1000 times that of the working nutrient solution for cultivation;
preparing working nutrient solution
Adding mother liquor A10mL, mother liquor B10mL and mother liquor C1mL into 1L of water; adding 1/2-2/3 of clear water with the required volume into a container, measuring the required mother liquor A and mother liquor B, slowly pouring the mother liquor A and the mother liquor B in sequence, continuously adding water, stirring and diluting until the total water amount reaches 80%, finally adding the mother liquor C, adding water, stirring uniformly, and completing preparation to obtain the water culture nutrient solution of the selenium-rich loose-leaf lettuce.
The third purpose of the invention is to provide an application of the water culture nutrient solution of the selenium-rich loose-leaf lettuce, namely an application method of the water culture nutrient solution of the selenium-rich loose-leaf lettuce.
The invention provides an application of a water culture nutrient solution of selenium-rich loose-leaf lettuce, which comprises the following steps:
accelerating germination: selecting full and uniform-sized loose-leaf lettuce seeds, placing the seeds in an incubator with environment factors capable of being manually regulated and controlled for germination, setting the day and night temperature at 20 ℃/15 ℃, controlling the light period at 12h/12h, supplying illumination by adopting an LED cold light source, and controlling the illumination intensity at 200 mu mol.m-2·s-1The relative humidity is controlled to be 70-75%, and germination can be realized after 48 hours;
seedling culture: sowing the germinated loose-leaf lettuce seeds in sponge blocks, wherein 1 particle of each loose-leaf lettuce seed is in each sponge block, putting the sponge blocks on a seedling raising tray, filling with a nutrient solution, and planting when the loose-leaf lettuce seedlings grow to three leaves and one heart;
planting the setting in groove: selecting a water culture box with the capacity of 10L, wherein a floating plate of the water culture box is made of a plastic material, holes are formed in the floating plate, loose-leaf lettuce seedlings are conveniently planted in a fixed mode, a ventilation pump and a timer are arranged in the water culture box, and ventilation is carried out for 15 minutes every hour until oxygen in a nutrient solution is saturated;
planting: planting scattered-leaf lettuce seedlings with consistent growth in the planting groove, adding a water culture nutrient solution of selenium-rich scattered-leaf lettuce, and culturing in a manually controlled culture room;
nutrient solution management: supplementing the same selenium-rich nutrient solution once a week;
harvesting: and harvesting the selenium-rich hydroponic loose-leaf lettuce 4 weeks after planting.
By adopting the technical scheme, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the invention provides a water culture nutrient solution for selenium-rich scattered-leaf lettuce, and a preparation method and application thereof, which can realize that the selenium content of the final scattered-leaf lettuce product is 0.03-0.09 mg/Kg (fresh weight), meet the standard requirements of DB 13/T2702-doped 2018 selenium content requirements for selenium-rich agricultural products, and are beneficial to popularization and application.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below, and it should be apparent that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
For the sake of brevity, only some numerical ranges are explicitly disclosed herein. However, any lower limit may be combined with any upper limit to form ranges not explicitly recited; and any lower limit may be combined with any other lower limit to form a range not explicitly recited, and similarly any upper limit may be combined with any other upper limit to form a range not explicitly recited. Also, although not explicitly recited, each point or individual value between endpoints of a range is encompassed within the range. Thus, each point or individual value can form a range not explicitly recited as its own lower or upper limit in combination with any other point or individual value or in combination with other lower or upper limits.
The above summary of the present invention is not intended to describe each disclosed embodiment or every implementation of the present invention. The following description more particularly exemplifies illustrative embodiments. At various points throughout this application, guidance is provided through a list of embodiments that can be used in various combinations. In each instance, the list serves only as a representative group and should not be construed as exhaustive.
Example one
The embodiment provides a water culture nutrient solution for selenium-rich loose-leaf lettuce, which consists of the following components in concentration: 945mg/L calcium nitrate tetrahydrate; potassium nitrate 607 mg/L; 115mg/L ammonium dihydrogen phosphate; magnesium sulfate heptahydrate of 493 mg/L; 20mg/L of ferric sodium ethylene diamine tetracetate; boric acid 2.86 mg/L; 2.13mg/L of manganese sulfate; 0.22mg/L of zinc sulfate; copper sulfate 0.08 mg/L; 0.02mg/L of ammonium molybdate; 0.02-0.06 mg/L of sodium selenite.
The sodium selenite in the embodiment is 0.02-0.06 mg/L and can be flexibly arranged according to actual needs.
Specifically, the water culture nutrient solution of the selenium-rich loose-leaf lettuce comprises the following components in concentration: 945mg/L calcium nitrate tetrahydrate; potassium nitrate 607 mg/L; 115mg/L ammonium dihydrogen phosphate; magnesium sulfate heptahydrate of 493 mg/L; 20mg/L of ferric sodium ethylene diamine tetracetate; boric acid 2.86 mg/L; 2.13mg/L of manganese sulfate; 0.22mg/L of zinc sulfate; copper sulfate 0.08 mg/L; 0.02mg/L of ammonium molybdate; sodium selenite 0.02 mg/L.
Specifically, the water culture nutrient solution of the selenium-rich loose-leaf lettuce comprises the following components in concentration: 945mg/L calcium nitrate tetrahydrate; potassium nitrate 607 mg/L; 115mg/L ammonium dihydrogen phosphate; magnesium sulfate heptahydrate of 493 mg/L; 20mg/L of ferric sodium ethylene diamine tetracetate; boric acid 2.86 mg/L; 2.13mg/L of manganese sulfate; 0.22mg/L of zinc sulfate; copper sulfate 0.08 mg/L; 0.02mg/L of ammonium molybdate; sodium selenite 0.04 mg/L.
Specifically, the water culture nutrient solution of the selenium-rich loose-leaf lettuce comprises the following components in concentration: 945mg/L calcium nitrate tetrahydrate; potassium nitrate 607 mg/L; 115mg/L ammonium dihydrogen phosphate; magnesium sulfate heptahydrate of 493 mg/L; 20mg/L of ferric sodium ethylene diamine tetracetate; boric acid 2.86 mg/L; 2.13mg/L of manganese sulfate; 0.22mg/L of zinc sulfate; copper sulfate 0.08 mg/L; 0.02mg/L of ammonium molybdate; sodium selenite 0.06 mg/L.
Of course, the pH value of the water culture nutrient solution for the selenium-rich scattered-leaf lettuce can be adjusted to be a proper parameter by a pH value regulator (formed by mixing 4% dilute nitric acid and 6% dilute phosphoric acid in a volume ratio of 2: 1).
Example two
On the basis of the first embodiment, the invention provides a preparation method of the water culture nutrient solution of the selenium-rich loose-leaf lettuce, which is characterized in that concentrated solutions with different concentrations are prepared firstly and then diluted into working solution for use because more compounds are needed and part of the compounds are less in amount, and the weight is inaccurate due to direct weighing. In order to prevent precipitation from occurring when preparing the mother liquor, all compounds in the formulation cannot be dissolved together, and therefore, the compounds should be classified into a liquid A, a liquid B and a liquid C by grouping the compounds which do not cause precipitation from each other.
The preparation method of the water culture nutrient solution of the selenium-rich loose-leaf lettuce comprises the following steps: preparing a mother solution concentrated solution and a working nutrient solution;
preparing a mother liquor concentrated solution:
wherein 94.5g of calcium nitrate tetrahydrate and 60.7g of potassium nitrate are weighed, and the volume is determined to be 1L by deionized water to obtain mother liquor A, wherein the concentration of the mother liquor A is 100 times that of the working nutrient solution for cultivation;
weighing 11.5g of ammonium dihydrogen phosphate and 49.3g of magnesium sulfate heptahydrate, and diluting to a constant volume of 1L with deionized water to obtain a mother solution B, wherein the concentration of the mother solution B is 100 times that of the working nutrient solution for cultivation;
weighing 20g of ferric sodium tetraethyl ethylenediamine, 2.86g of boric acid, 2.13g of manganese sulfate, 0.22g of zinc sulfate, 0.08g of copper sulfate, 0.02g of ammonium molybdate and 0.02-0.06 g of sodium selenite, and fixing the volume of 1L by using deionized water to obtain mother liquor C, wherein the concentration of the mother liquor C is 1000 times that of the working nutrient solution for cultivation;
preparing a working nutrient solution:
adding mother liquor A10mL, mother liquor B10mL and mother liquor C1mL into 1L of water; adding 1/2-2/3 of clear water with the required volume into a container, measuring the required mother liquor A and mother liquor B, slowly pouring the mother liquor A and the mother liquor B in sequence, continuously adding water, stirring and diluting until the total water amount reaches 80%, finally adding the mother liquor C, adding water, stirring uniformly, and completing preparation to obtain the water culture nutrient solution of the selenium-rich loose-leaf lettuce.
EXAMPLE III
In this embodiment, on the basis of the first and second embodiments, an application of the hydroponic nutrient solution of the selenium-rich loose-leaf lettuce is further provided, which includes the following steps:
accelerating germination: selecting full and uniform-sized loose-leaf lettuce seeds, placing the seeds in an incubator with environment factors capable of being manually regulated and controlled for germination, setting the day and night temperature at 20 ℃/15 ℃, controlling the light period at 12h/12h, supplying illumination by adopting an LED cold light source, and controlling the illumination intensity at 200 mu mol.m-2·s-1The relative humidity is controlled to be 70-75%, and germination can be realized after 48 hours;
seedling culture: sowing the germinated loose-leaf lettuce seeds in sponge blocks (with the size of 2.5cm by 2.5cm) with 1 particle of the loose-leaf lettuce seeds in each sponge block, putting the sponge blocks on a seedling tray (with the size of 33cm by 24cm by 7cm) and filling with nutrient solution, and planting when the loose-leaf lettuce seedlings grow to three leaves and one heart;
planting the setting in groove: select the water planting case that capacity is 10L, length width height is respectively: 45cm, 32cm, 20 cm; a floating plate of the water culture box is made of plastic materials, holes are formed in the floating plate, loose-leaf lettuce seedlings can be conveniently planted in a fixed mode, a ventilation pump and a timer are arranged in the water culture box, ventilation is carried out for 15 minutes every hour until oxygen in nutrient solution is saturated;
planting: planting scattered-leaf lettuce seedlings with consistent growth in the planting groove, adding a water culture nutrient solution of selenium-rich scattered-leaf lettuce, and culturing in a manually controlled culture room;
nutrient solution management: supplementing the same selenium-rich nutrient solution once a week; the nutrient solution consumption is different along with the difference of the growth stages, and the nutrient solution is slowly consumed in the initial growth stage and is quickly consumed in the later growth stage, so that the nutrient solution is timely supplemented.
Harvesting: the selenium-rich hydroponic loose-leaf lettuce is harvested 4 weeks after planting, and tests prove that the loose-leaf lettuce cultured under the condition has the selenium concentration of 0.03-0.09 mg/kg (fresh weight) and meets the requirement of DB 13/T2702-2018 on the selenium content of selenium-rich agricultural products.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and not to limit the same; while the invention has been described in detail and with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some or all of the technical features may be equivalently replaced; and the modifications or the substitutions do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions depart from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. The water culture nutrient solution for the selenium-rich loose-leaf lettuce is characterized by comprising the following components in concentration: 945mg/L calcium nitrate tetrahydrate; potassium nitrate 607 mg/L; 115mg/L ammonium dihydrogen phosphate; magnesium sulfate heptahydrate of 493 mg/L; 20mg/L of ferric sodium ethylene diamine tetracetate; boric acid 2.86 mg/L; 2.13mg/L of manganese sulfate; 0.22mg/L of zinc sulfate; copper sulfate 0.08 mg/L; 0.02mg/L of ammonium molybdate; 0.02-0.06 mg/L of sodium selenite.
2. The water culture nutrient solution of the selenium-rich loose-leaf lettuce as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following components in concentration: 945mg/L calcium nitrate tetrahydrate; potassium nitrate 607 mg/L; 115mg/L ammonium dihydrogen phosphate; magnesium sulfate heptahydrate of 493 mg/L; 20mg/L of ferric sodium ethylene diamine tetracetate; boric acid 2.86 mg/L; 2.13mg/L of manganese sulfate; 0.22mg/L of zinc sulfate; copper sulfate 0.08 mg/L; 0.02mg/L of ammonium molybdate; sodium selenite 0.02 mg/L.
3. The water culture nutrient solution of the selenium-rich loose-leaf lettuce as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following components in concentration: 945mg/L calcium nitrate tetrahydrate; potassium nitrate 607 mg/L; 115mg/L ammonium dihydrogen phosphate; magnesium sulfate heptahydrate of 493 mg/L; 20mg/L of ferric sodium ethylene diamine tetracetate; boric acid 2.86 mg/L; 2.13mg/L of manganese sulfate; 0.22mg/L of zinc sulfate; copper sulfate 0.08 mg/L; 0.02mg/L of ammonium molybdate; sodium selenite 0.04 mg/L.
4. The water culture nutrient solution of the selenium-rich loose-leaf lettuce as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following components in concentration: 945mg/L calcium nitrate tetrahydrate; potassium nitrate 607 mg/L; 115mg/L ammonium dihydrogen phosphate; magnesium sulfate heptahydrate of 493 mg/L; 20mg/L of ferric sodium ethylene diamine tetracetate; boric acid 2.86 mg/L; 2.13mg/L of manganese sulfate; 0.22mg/L of zinc sulfate; copper sulfate 0.08 mg/L; 0.02mg/L of ammonium molybdate; sodium selenite 0.06 mg/L.
5. A preparation method of a water culture nutrient solution of selenium-rich loose-leaf lettuce is characterized by comprising the following steps: preparing a mother solution concentrated solution and a working nutrient solution;
preparing mother liquor concentrated solution
Wherein 94.5g of calcium nitrate tetrahydrate and 60.7g of potassium nitrate are weighed, and the volume is determined to be 1L by deionized water to obtain mother liquor A, wherein the concentration of the mother liquor A is 100 times that of the working nutrient solution for cultivation;
weighing 11.5g of ammonium dihydrogen phosphate and 49.3g of magnesium sulfate heptahydrate, and diluting to a constant volume of 1L with deionized water to obtain a mother solution B, wherein the concentration of the mother solution B is 100 times that of the working nutrient solution for cultivation;
weighing 20g of ferric sodium tetraethyl ethylenediamine, 2.86g of boric acid, 2.13g of manganese sulfate, 0.22g of zinc sulfate, 0.08g of copper sulfate, 0.02g of ammonium molybdate and 0.06g of sodium selenite, and fixing the volume of 1L by using deionized water to obtain mother liquor C, wherein the concentration of the mother liquor C is 1000 times that of the working nutrient solution for cultivation;
preparing working nutrient solution
Adding mother liquor A10mL, mother liquor B10mL and mother liquor C1mL into 1L of water; adding 1/2-2/3 of clear water with the required volume into a container, measuring the required mother liquor A and mother liquor B, slowly pouring the mother liquor A and the mother liquor B in sequence, continuously adding water, stirring and diluting until the total water amount reaches 80%, finally adding the mother liquor C, adding water, stirring uniformly, and completing preparation to obtain the water culture nutrient solution of the selenium-rich loose-leaf lettuce.
6. The application of the water culture nutrient solution of the selenium-rich loose-leaf lettuce is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
accelerating germination: selecting full and uniform-sized loose-leaf lettuce seeds, placing the seeds in an incubator with environment factors capable of being manually regulated and controlled for germination, setting the day and night temperature at 20 ℃/15 ℃, controlling the light period at 12h/12h, supplying illumination by adopting an LED cold light source, and controlling the illumination intensity at 200 mu mol.m-2·s-1The relative humidity is controlled to be 70-75%, and germination can be realized after 48 hours;
seedling culture: sowing the germinated loose-leaf lettuce seeds in sponge blocks, wherein 1 particle of each loose-leaf lettuce seed is in each sponge block, putting the sponge blocks on a seedling raising tray, filling with a nutrient solution, and planting when the loose-leaf lettuce seedlings grow to three leaves and one heart;
planting the setting in groove: selecting a water culture box with the capacity of 10L, wherein a floating plate of the water culture box is made of a plastic material, holes are formed in the floating plate, loose-leaf lettuce seedlings are conveniently planted in a fixed mode, a ventilation pump and a timer are arranged in the water culture box, and ventilation is carried out for 15 minutes every hour until oxygen in a nutrient solution is saturated;
planting: planting scattered-leaf lettuce seedlings with consistent growth in the planting groove, adding a water culture nutrient solution of selenium-rich scattered-leaf lettuce, and culturing in a manually controlled culture room;
nutrient solution management: supplementing the same selenium-rich nutrient solution once a week;
harvesting: and harvesting the selenium-rich hydroponic loose-leaf lettuce 4 weeks after planting.
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| CN114455990A (en) * | 2020-11-02 | 2022-05-10 | 北京市农林科学院 | Selenium-rich corn hydroponic method |
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